1
|
Riedel R, Pérez-Amodio S, Cabo-Zabala L, Velasco-Ortega E, Maymó J, Gil J, Monsalve-Guil L, Ortiz-Garcia I, Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Margalet V, Jiménez-Guerra A. Influence of the Surface Topography of Titanium Dental Implants on the Behavior of Human Amniotic Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7416. [PMID: 39000523 PMCID: PMC11242699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The dental implant surface plays a crucial role in osseointegration. The topography and physicochemical properties will affect the cellular functions. In this research, four distinct titanium surfaces have been studied: machined acting (MACH), acid etched (AE), grit blasting (GBLAST), and a combination of grit blasting and subsequent acid etching (GBLAST + AE). Human amniotic mesenchymal (hAMSCs) and epithelial stem cells (hAECs) isolated from the amniotic membrane have attractive stem-cell properties. They were cultured on titanium surfaces to analyze their impact on biological behavior. The surface roughness, microhardness, wettability, and surface energy were analyzed using interferometric microscopy, Vickers indentation, and drop-sessile techniques. The GBLAST and GBLAST + AE surfaces showed higher roughness, reduced hydrophilicity, and lower surface energy with significant differences. Increased microhardness values for GBLAST and GBLAST + AE implants were attributed to surface compression. Cell viability was higher for hAMSCs, particularly on GBLAST and GBLAST + AE surfaces. Alkaline phosphatase activity enhanced in hAMSCs cultured on GBLAST and GBLAST + AE surfaces, while hAECs showed no mineralization signals. Osteogenic gene expression was upregulated in hAMSCs on GBLAST surfaces. Moreover, α2 and β1 integrin expression enhanced in hAMSCs, suggesting a surface-integrin interaction. Consequently, hAMSCs would tend toward osteoblastic differentiation on grit-blasted surfaces conducive to osseointegration, a phenomenon not observed in hAECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Riedel
- Departament Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 2, 4° Piso, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina; (R.R.); (J.M.)
- CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 2, 4th Floor, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Soledad Pérez-Amodio
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Cataluña, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain;
| | - Laura Cabo-Zabala
- Sección de Inmunología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Instituto de Investigacion Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), 29590 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Eugenio Velasco-Ortega
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41004 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.O.-G.); (A.J.-G.)
| | - Julieta Maymó
- Departament Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 2, 4° Piso, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina; (R.R.); (J.M.)
- CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 2, 4th Floor, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Cataluña, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain;
| | - Loreto Monsalve-Guil
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41004 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.O.-G.); (A.J.-G.)
| | - Iván Ortiz-Garcia
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41004 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.O.-G.); (A.J.-G.)
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (V.S.-M.)
| | - Victor Sánchez-Margalet
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (V.S.-M.)
| | - Alvaro Jiménez-Guerra
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41004 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.O.-G.); (A.J.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Menhall A, Lahoud P, Yang KR, Park KB, Razukevicius D, Traini T, Makary C. The Mineral Apposition Rate on Implants with Either a Sandblasted Acid-Etched Implant Surface (SLA) or a Nanostructured Calcium-Incorporated Surface (XPEED ®): A Histological Split-Mouth, Randomized Case/Control Human Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3341. [PMID: 38998421 PMCID: PMC11243467 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to histologically evaluate the effects of XPEED® and SLA surface on the mineral apposition rate (MAR) at 3 and 5 weeks in titanium dental implants placed in human bone. In total, 17 titanium dental implants with XPEED® surface (n = 9) used as test and SLA surface (n = 8) used as control were included in this study. Each patient received four doses of tetracycline 500 mg at 12 h intervals 2 weeks prior to biopsy retrieval. Implant retrieval was performed, and retrieved biopsies were carefully treated for histomorphometric evaluation under epifluorescence microscopy. At 3 and 5 weeks, newly formed bone appeared in direct contact with both types of tested surfaces. At 3 weeks, the MAR value was, respectively, 2.0 (±0.18) μm/day for XPEED® implants and 1.5 (±0.10) μm/day for SLA implants (p = 0.017). At 5 weeks, lower MAR values for both XPEED® and SLA implants were noted, with 1.2 (±0.10) μm/day and 1.1 (±0.10) μm/day, respectively (p = 0.046). The overall evaluation by linear regression analysis for both time and implant surfaces showed a decreased osteoblast activity at 5 weeks compared to 3 weeks (p < 0.005). The results of the present study show that the bone apposition rate occurs faster around implants with XPEED® surface at 3 weeks and 5 weeks of healing. MAR values may support the use of implants with XPEED® surfaces in early loading protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Menhall
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Pierre Lahoud
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Kyung Ran Yang
- Daegu Mir Dental Hospital, Jung-gu, Daegu 41934, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Bum Park
- MegaGen Implant Co., Ltd., Daegu 42921, Republic of Korea
| | - Dainius Razukevicius
- Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tonino Traini
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Christian Makary
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fonseca D, de Tapia B, Pons R, Aparicio C, Guerra F, Messias A, Gil J. The Effect of Implantoplasty on the Fatigue Behavior and Corrosion Resistance in Titanium Dental Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2944. [PMID: 38930312 PMCID: PMC11206074 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Implantoplasty is a technique increasingly used to remove the biofilm that causes peri-implantitis on dental implants. This technique of mechanization of the titanium surface makes it possible to eliminate bacterial colonies, but it can generate variations in the properties of the implant. These variations, especially those in fatigue resistance and electrochemical corrosion behavior, have not been studied much. In this work, fatigue tests were performed on 60 dental implants without implantoplasty, namely 30 in air and 30 in Hank's solution at 37 °C, and 60 with implatoplasty, namely 30 in air and 30 in Hank's solution at 37 °C, using triaxial tension-compression and torsion stresses simulating human chewing. Mechanical tests were performed with a Bionix servo-hydraulic testing machine and fracture surfaces were studied by scanning electron microcopyElectrochemical corrosion tests were performed on 20 dental implants to determine the corrosion potentials and corrosion intensity for control implants and implantoplasty implants. Studies of titanium ion release to the physiological medium were carried out for each type of dental implants by Inductively Coupled-Plasma Mass Spectrometry at different immersion times at 37 °C. The results show a loss of fatigue caused by the implantoplasty of 30%, observing that the nucleation points of the cracks are in the areas of high deformation in the areas of the implant neck where the mechanization produced in the treatment of the implantoplasty causes an exaltation of fatigue cracks. It has been observed that tests performed in Hank's solution reduce the fatigue life due to the incorporation of hydrogen in the titanium causing the formation of hydrides that embrittle the dental implant. Likewise, the implantoplasty causes a reduction of the corrosion resistance with some pitting on the machined surface. Ion release analyses are slightly higher in the implantoplasted samples but do not show statistically significant differences. It has been observed that the physiological environment reduces the fatigue life of the implants due to the penetration of hydrogen into the titanium forming titanium hydrides which embrittle the implant. These results should be taken into account by clinicians to determine the convenience of performing a treatment such as implantoplasty that reduces the mechanical behavior and increases the chemical degradation of the titanium dental implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darcio Fonseca
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Beatriz de Tapia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Ramon Pons
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Fernando Guerra
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Messias
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Javier Gil
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chodkowski M, Terpiłowski K, Románszki L, Klébert S, Mohai M, Károly Z. Effect of Non-Thermal Sulfur Hexafluoride Cold Plasma Modification on Surface Properties of Polyoxymethylene. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300709. [PMID: 38548684 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to reveal the differences in the chemical structure of the topmost layer after plasma modification. It was found out that changes in the surface properties of the polymer could be observed even after 20 seconds of treatment. The surface becomes hydrophobic or superhydrophobic, with the water contact angles up to 160 degrees. Morphological changes and increased roughness can be observed only in the nanoscale, whereas the structure seems to be unaffected in the microscale. As a result of plasma modification a permanent hydrophobic effect was obtained on the polyoxymethylene surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Chodkowski
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Słlodowska University in Lublin, pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Technology and Polymer Processing, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618, Lublin, Poland
| | - Konrad Terpiłowski
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Słlodowska University in Lublin, pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Loránd Románszki
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Klébert
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Mohai
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Károly
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Calazans Neto JV, Ferreira I, Ramos AP, Bolfarini C, Batalha RL, Dos Reis AC, Valente MLDC. Comparative analysis of the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of Ti-6Al-4V disks produced by different methods and subjected to surface treatments. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:742.e1-742.e8. [PMID: 38383281 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM To improve the osseointegration of dental implants and reduce microbiological growth, different micro- and nanoscale surface topographies can be used. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of Ti-6Al-4V with 4 surfaces, machined (DU), machined+hydroxyapatite (DUHAp), machined+acid-alkali treatment (DUAA), and additive manufacturing (DMA), on the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS The topography of Ti-6Al-4V disks with the 4 surfaces was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the chemical composition by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and the crystalline structure by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Physical and chemical properties were analyzed by using wettability and surface free energy, roughness, and microbial adhesion against Staphylococcus aureus by colony forming units (CFU). One-way ANOVA analysis of variance and the Tukey multiple comparisons test were applied to evaluate the data, except CFU, which was submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test (α=.05). RESULTS DU photomicrographs showed a topography characteristic of a polished machined surface, DUHAp and DUAA exhibited patterns corresponding to the surface modifications performed, and in DMA the presence of partially fused spherical particles was observed. The EDS identified chemical elements inherent in the Ti-6Al-4V, and the DUHAp and DUAA disks also had the ions from the treatments applied. XRD patterns revealed similarities between DU and DMA, as well as characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite (HA) in the DUHAp disk and the DUAA. Compared with DU and DMA the DUHAp and DUAA groups showed hydrophilic behavior with smaller contact angles and higher surface free energy (P<.05). DMA showed a higher mean value of roughness, different from the others (P<.05), and a higher CFU for S. aureus (P=.006). CONCLUSIONS DUHAp and DUAA showed similar behaviors regarding wettability, surface free energy, and bacterial adhesion. Among the untreated groups, DMA exhibited higher roughness, bacterial adhesion, and lower wettability and surface free energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Vicente Calazans Neto
- Master's student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Izabela Ferreira
- Master's student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Claudemiro Bolfarini
- Professor, Professor, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Lisboa Batalha
- Researcher, Materials and Technologies, Department of Research, Development and Innovation, Institute of Welding and Quality (ISQ), Porto Salvo, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima da Costa Valente
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Omatsu K, Yamawaki I, Taguchi Y, Tsumori N, Hashimoto Y, Umeda M. Surface modification affects human gingival epithelial cell behavior on polyetheretherketone surfaces. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:191-199. [PMID: 38246630 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Gingival epithelial attachment to the abutment is important for the prevention of peri-implantitis. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has recently gained attention as an alternative material to titanium; however, it is biologically inert, which is disadvantageous for obtaining soft tissue sealing of the transmucosal part of the implant abutment. Therefore, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, argon plasma irradiation, and buffing were selected as treatments to modify the PEEK surface. None of the treatments had any effect on the material's mechanical strength. The UV and plasma treatments did not significantly affect the surface morphology. Surface elemental analysis showed a decrease in carbon content and an increase in oxygen content and wettability for all treatments. Human gingival epithelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and the expression of adhesion proteins integrin β4 and laminin 332, were increased. Surface modification to PEEK was suggested to enhance cell activity on PEEK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiju Omatsu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Isao Yamawaki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Yoichiro Taguchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Norimasa Tsumori
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Yoshiya Hashimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Monsalve-Guil L, Velasco-Ortega E, Moreno-Muñoz J, Núñez-Márquez E, Rondón-Romero JL, Ortiz-García I, Nicolás-Silvente A, López-López J, Salgado-Peralvo ÁO, Jiménez-Guerra Á. Clinical study with sandblasted dental implants: a 17-year retrospective follow up. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 62:191-196. [PMID: 38278652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Sandblasting is a standard procedure used for treating dental implant (DI) surfaces to enhance the osseointegration with known clinical success. This clinical study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of DIs with external hexagon connections and a surface sandblasted with calcium phosphate. Two hundred and seventy-five Mg-osseous™ (Mozo-Grau™) screw DIs were placed in 86 patients using a two-stage surgical technique and conventional loading protocol (at three months). Dental implants and prosthetic clinical findings were evaluated during a 17-year follow up. Four DIs were lost during the healing period, and 108 prostheses were placed over the 271 DIs left: 58 unitary implant-supported prosthesis (ISP), 31 partially ISP, 14 full-arch ISP, and five overdentures. Fourteen DIs were lost during the follow-up period. Clinical results indicated a DI survival rate of 93.50%. A total of 11.80% of DIs showed peri-implantitis as the primary biological complication. The mean (SD) marginal bone loss was 1.78 (0.40) mm, ranging from 0.90 to 2.80 mm. The most frequent complication was mechanical prosthodontic complications (24.40%). Sandblasted surface DIs inserted in both maxillary and mandibular areas produce favourable long-term (17-year follow up) outcomes and stable tissue conditions when a delayed loading protocol is followed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loreto Monsalve-Guil
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - Eugenio Velasco-Ortega
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - Jesús Moreno-Muñoz
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique Núñez-Márquez
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - José-Luis Rondón-Romero
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - Iván Ortiz-García
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Nicolás-Silvente
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. Masteŕs Degree in Mucogingival, Periodontal and Implant Surgery. School of Dentistry, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - José López-López
- Department of Oral Medicine. Director of Masteŕs Degree in Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Oral Implantology. Faculty of Dentistry. Service of the Medical-Surgical Area of Dentistry Hospital, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Jiménez-Guerra
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology. Master's Degree in Implant Dentistry. Faculty of Dentistry. University of Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdulla MA, Hasan RH, Al-Hyani OH. Impact of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser, Sandblast, and Acid Etching Surface Modification on Surface Topography of Biodental Titanium Implants. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e38. [PMID: 38028874 PMCID: PMC10658112 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Several techniques have been used to modify the surface of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) implants to improve osseointegration using lasers, sandblasts, sandblasts with acid etching, and other modalities. For implant-osseointegration, surface features like chemical composition of a surface, topography, and surface energy are essential. The present comparative study aimed to compare the impact of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, sandblasting, and acid etching implant surface modifications on the surface topography, roughness, and element chemical composition of the Ti dental implant. Methods: Thirty CPTi dental implants were divided into three groups according to the surface modification (n=10 for each group): Group A: Sandblasting with acid etching (SLActive), group B: Sandblasting, and group C: Er,Cr:YSGG laser surface modifications. The modified surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), profilometer, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in the mean values of average roughness (Ra) of the three groups (P<0.05). Tukey's post hoc test showed that the average roughness (Ra) of laser-surface modification (group C) of the implant had the highest mean value (2.30 µm) among the different groups, while sandblasted surface modification (group B) of the implant had the lowest mean value (1.39 µm). The SLActive (group A) sandblast with acid etching had a mean value of 1.63 µm. SEM analysis showed that significantly modified surface topographies and different element concentrations were found within all modified groups. Conclusion: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation increased the implant surface roughness value after implant surface modification, compared to sandblasts and sandblasts with acid etching application. The observations for the SEM-EDS analysis revealed several elements with different concentrations, which were affected by the physical-chemical characteristics of the surface modification techniques. The SEM analysis showed a significant modification in implant surface topographies of the tested groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Abdulla
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Radhwan H Hasan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Osama Hazim Al-Hyani
- Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Robles D, Brizuela A, Fernández-Domínguez M, Gil J. Corrosion Resistance and Titanium Ion Release of Hybrid Dental Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103650. [PMID: 37241275 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the strategies for the fight against peri-implantitis is the fabrication of titanium dental implants with the part close to the neck without roughness. It is well known that roughness favors osseointegration but hinders the formation of biofilm. Implants with this type of structure are called hybrid dental implants, which sacrifice better coronal osseointegration for a smooth surface that hinders bacterial colonization. In this contribution, we have studied the corrosion resistance and the release of titanium ions to the medium of smooth (L), hybrid (H), and rough (R) dental implants. All implants were identical in design. Roughness was determined with an optical interferometer and residual stresses were determined for each surface by X-ray diffraction using the Bragg-Bentano technique. Corrosion studies were carried out with a Voltalab PGZ301 potentiostat, using Hank's solution as an electrolyte at a temperature of 37 °C. Open-circuit potentials (Eocp), corrosion potential (Ecorr), and current density (icorr) were determined. Implant surfaces were observed by JEOL 5410 scanning electron microscopy. Finally, for each of the different dental implants, the release of ions into Hank's solution at 37 °C at 1, 7, 14, and 30 days of immersion was determined by ICP-MS. The results, as expected, show a higher roughness of R with respect to L and compressive residual stresses of -201.2 MPa and -20.2 MPa, respectively. These differences in residual stresses create a potential difference in the H implant corresponding to Eocp of -186.4 mV higher than for the L and R of -200.9 and -192.2 mV, respectively. The corrosion potentials and current intensity are also higher for the H implants (-223 mV and 0.069 μA/mm2) with respect to the L (-280 mV and 0.014 μA/mm2 and R (-273 mV and 0.019 μA/mm2). Scanning electron microscopy revealed pitting in the interface zone of the H implants and no pitting in the L and R dental implants. The titanium ion release values to the medium are higher in the R implants due to their higher specific surface area compared to the H and L implants. The maximum values obtained are low, not exceeding 6 ppb in 30 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Robles
- Department of Translational Medicine CEU, San Pablo University, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Alcorcón, 28925 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, C/del Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aritza Brizuela
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, C/del Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Domínguez
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Monteprincipe, University CEU San Pablo, Av. de Montepríncipe s/n, Alcorcón, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rodriguez-González R, Monsalve-Guil L, Jimenez-Guerra A, Velasco-Ortega E, Moreno-Muñoz J, Nuñez-Marquez E, Pérez RA, Gil J, Ortiz-Garcia I. Relevant Aspects of Titanium Topography for Osteoblastic Adhesion and Inhibition of Bacterial Colonization. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093553. [PMID: 37176435 PMCID: PMC10180273 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the surface topography of dental implants has been studied to optimize titanium surfaces in order to improve osseointegration. Different techniques can be used to obtain rough titanium, however, their effect on wettability, surface energy, as well as bacterial and cell adhesion and differentiation has not been studied deeply. Two-hundred disks made of grade 4 titanium were subjected to different treatments: machined titanium (MACH), acid-attacked titanium (AE), titanium sprayed with abrasive alumina particles under pressure (GBLAST), and titanium that has been treated with GBLAST and then subjected to AE (GBLAST + AE). The roughness of the different treatments was determined by confocal microscopy, and the wettability was determined by the sessile drop technique; then, the surface energy of each treatment was calculated. Osteoblast-like cells (SaOs-2) were cultured, and alkaline phosphatase was determined using a colorimetric test. Likewise, bacterial strains S. gordonii, S. oralis, A. viscosus, and E. faecalis were cultured, and proliferation on the different surfaces was determined. It could be observed that the roughness of the GBLAST and GBLAS + AE was higher, at 1.99 and 2.13 μm of Ra, with respect to the AE and MACH samples, which were 0.35 and 0.20 μm, respectively. The abrasive treated surfaces showed lower hydrophilicity but lower surface energy. Significant differences could be seen at 21 days between SaOS-2 osteoblastic cell adhesion for the blasted ones and higher osteocalcin levels. However, no significant differences in terms of bacterial proliferation were observed between the four surfaces studied, demonstrating the insensitivity of bacteria to topography. These results may help in the search for the best topographies for osteoblast behavior and for the inhibition of bacterial colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Rodriguez-González
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallé, 08198 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roman A Pérez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallé, 08198 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallé, 08198 Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shabab T, Bas O, Dargaville BL, Ravichandran A, Tran PA, Hutmacher DW. Microporous/Macroporous Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Dental Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051340. [PMID: 37242582 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study leverages the advantages of two fabrication techniques, namely, melt-extrusion-based 3D printing and porogen leaching, to develop multiphasic scaffolds with controllable properties essential for scaffold-guided dental tissue regeneration. Polycaprolactone-salt composites are 3D-printed and salt microparticles within the scaffold struts are leached out, revealing a network of microporosity. Extensive characterization confirms that multiscale scaffolds are highly tuneable in terms of their mechanical properties, degradation kinetics, and surface morphology. It can be seen that the surface roughness of the polycaprolactone scaffolds (9.41 ± 3.01 µm) increases with porogen leaching and the use of larger porogens lead to higher roughness values, reaching 28.75 ± 7.48 µm. Multiscale scaffolds exhibit improved attachment and proliferation of 3T3 fibroblast cells as well as extracellular matrix production, compared with their single-scale counterparts (an approximate 1.5- to 2-fold increase in cellular viability and metabolic activity), suggesting that these structures could potentially lead to improved tissue regeneration due to their favourable and reproducible surface morphology. Finally, various scaffolds designed as a drug delivery device were explored by loading them with the antibiotic drug cefazolin. These studies show that by using a multiphasic scaffold design, a sustained drug release profile can be achieved. The combined results strongly support the further development of these scaffolds for dental tissue regeneration applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Shabab
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Onur Bas
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Bronwin L Dargaville
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Davis R, Singh A, Debnath K, Keshri AK, Soares P, Sopchenski L, Terryn HA, Prakash V. Surface modification of biodegradable Mg alloy by adapting µEDM capabilities with cryogenically-treated tool electrodes. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2023; 126:4617-4636. [PMID: 37197058 PMCID: PMC10122982 DOI: 10.1007/s00170-023-11395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials are engineered to develop an interaction with living cells for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The last decade reported a tremendously rising shift in the requirement for miniaturized biomedical implants exhibiting high precision and comprising various biomaterials such as non-biodegradable titanium (Ti) alloys and biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys. The excellent mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics of Mg AZ91D alloy make it an emerging material for biomedical applications. In this regard, micro-electric discharge machining (µEDM) is an excellent method that can be used to make micro-components with high dimensional accuracy. In the present research, attempts were made to improve the µEDM capabilities by using cryogenically-treated copper (CTCTE) and brass tool electrodes (CTBTE) amid machining of biodegradable Mg AZ91D alloy, followed by their comparison with a pair of untreated copper (UCTE) and brass tool electrodes (UBTE) in terms of minimum machining-time and dimensional-irregularity. To investigate the possible modification on the surfaces achieved with minimum machining-time and dimensional-irregularity, the morphology, chemistry, micro-hardness, corrosion resistance, topography, and wettability of these surfaces were further examined. The surface produced by CTCTE exhibited the minimum surface micro-cracks and craters, acceptable recast layer thickness (2.6 µm), 17.45% improved micro-hardness, satisfactory corrosion resistance, adequate surface roughness (Ra: 1.08 µm), and suitable hydrophobic behavior (contact angle: 119°), confirming improved biodegradation rate. Additionally, a comparative analysis among the tool electrodes revealed that cryogenically-treated tool electrodes outperformed the untreated ones. CTCTE-induced modification on the Mg AZ91D alloy surface suggests its suitability in biodegradable medical implant applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Davis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vaugh Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 800005 India
| | - Kishore Debnath
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, 793003 India
| | - Anup Kumar Keshri
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 801106 India
| | - Paulo Soares
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80215-901 Brazil
| | - Luciane Sopchenski
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Herman A. Terryn
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ved Prakash
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 801106 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Velasco-Ortega E, Fos-Parra I, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Gil J, Ortiz-García I, Giner M, Bocio-Núñez J, Montoya-García MJ, Jiménez-Guerra Á. Osteoblastic Cell Behavior and Gene Expression Related to Bone Metabolism on Different Titanium Surfaces. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043523. [PMID: 36834936 PMCID: PMC9967211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface topography of titanium dental implants has a great influence on osseointegration. In this work, we try to determine the osteoblastic behavior and gene expression of cells with different titanium surfaces and relate them to the physicochemical properties of the surface. For this purpose, we have used commercial titanium discs of grade 3: as-received corresponds to machined titanium without any surface treatment (MA), chemically acid etched (AE), treated via sand blasting with Al2O3 particles (SB) and a sand-blasting treatment with acid etching (SB+AE). The surfaces have been observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the roughness, wettability and surface energy with dispersive and polar components have been characterized. Osteoblastic cultures were performed with SaOS-2 osteoblastic cells determining cell viability as well as alkaline phosphatase levels for 3 and 21 days, and osteoblastic gene expression was determined. The roughness values of the MA discs was 0.02 μm, which increases to 0.3 μm with acid attack and becomes the maximum for the sand-blasted samples, reaching values of 1.2 μm for SB and SB+AE. The hydrophilic behavior of the MA and AE samples with contact angles of 63° and 65° is superior to that of the rougher samples, being 75° for SB and 82° for SB+AE. In all cases, they show good hydrophilicity. GB and GB+AE surfaces present a higher polar component in the surface energy values, 11.96 and 13.18 mJ/m2, respectively, than AE and MA, 6.64 and 9.79 mJ/m2, respectively. The osteoblastic cell viability values at three days do not show statistically significant differences between the four surfaces. However, the viability of the SB and SB+AE surfaces at 21 days is much higher than that of the AE and MA samples. From the alkaline phosphatase studies, higher values were observed for those treated with sand blasting with and without acid etching compared to the other two surfaces, indicating a greater activity in osteoblastic differentiation. In all cases except in the Osterix (Ostx) -osteoblast-specific transcription factor-a decrease in gene expression is observed in relation to the MA samples (control). The most important increase was observed for the SB+AE condition. A decrease in the gene expression of Osteoprotegerine (OPG), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL) and Alkaline Phosphatase (Alp) genes was observed in the AE surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Velasco-Ortega
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain lomonsalve Hotmail.es
| | - Isabel Fos-Parra
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain lomonsalve Hotmail.es
| | - Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain lomonsalve Hotmail.es
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Iván Ortiz-García
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain lomonsalve Hotmail.es
| | - Mercè Giner
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Bocio-Núñez
- Bone Metabolism Unit, UGC Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Avda. Dr. Fedriani s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Jiménez-Guerra
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain lomonsalve Hotmail.es
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Makary C, Menhall A, Lahoud P, An HW, Park KB, Traini T. Nanostructured Calcium-Incorporated Surface Compared to Machined and SLA Dental Implants-A Split-Mouth Randomized Case/Double-Control Histological Human Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:357. [PMID: 36678110 PMCID: PMC9866326 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Implant surface topography is a key element in achieving osseointegration. Nanostructured surfaces have shown promising results in accelerating and improving bone healing around dental implants. The main objective of the present clinical and histological study is to compare, at 4 and 6 weeks, (w) bone-to-implant contact in implants having either machined surface (MAC), sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) medium roughness surface or a nanostructured calcium-incorporated surface (XPEED®). Methods: 35 mini-implants of 3.5 × 8.5 mm with three different surface treatments (XPEED® (n = 16)—SLA (n = 13)—MAC (n = 6), were placed in the posterior maxilla of 11 patients (6 females and 5 males) then, retrieved at either 4 or 6w in a randomized split-mouth study design. Results: The BIC rates measured at 4w and 6w respectively, were: 16.8% (±5.0) and 29.0% (±3.1) for MAC surface; 18.5% (±2.3) and 33.7% (±3.3) for SLA surface; 22.4% (±1.3) and 38.6% (±3.2) for XPEED® surface. In all types of investigated surfaces, the time factor appeared to significantly increase the bone to implant contact (BIC) rate (p < 0.05). XPEED® surface showed significantly higher BIC values when compared to both SLA and MAC values at 4w (p < 0.05). Also, at 6w, both roughened surfaces (SLA and XPEED®) showed significantly higher values (p < 0.05) than turned surface (MAC). Conclusions: Nanostructured Calcium titanate coating is able to enhance bone deposition around implants at early healing stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Makary
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut P.O. Box 1104-2020, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah Menhall
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut P.O. Box 1104-2020, Lebanon
| | - Pierre Lahoud
- Oral Surgery Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut P.O. Box 1104-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hyun-Wook An
- Department of Dental Science, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Bum Park
- Daegu Mir Dental Hospital, Jung-gu, Daegu 41934, Republic of Korea
| | - Tonino Traini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rehman M, Yanen W, Mushtaq RT, Ishfaq K, Zahoor S, Ahmed A, Kumar MS, Gueyee T, Rahman MM, Sultana J. Additive manufacturing for biomedical applications: a review on classification, energy consumption, and its appreciable role since COVID-19 pandemic. PROGRESS IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2022; 8:1-35. [PMID: 38625342 PMCID: PMC9793824 DOI: 10.1007/s40964-022-00373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The exponential rise of healthcare problems like human aging and road traffic accidents have developed an intrinsic challenge to biomedical sectors concerning the arrangement of patient-specific biomedical products. The additively manufactured implants and scaffolds have captured global attention over the last two decades concerning their printing quality and ease of manufacturing. However, the inherent challenges associated with additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, namely process selection, level of complexity, printing speed, resolution, biomaterial choice, and consumed energy, still pose several limitations on their use. Recently, the whole world has faced severe supply chain disruptions of personal protective equipment and basic medical facilities due to a respiratory disease known as the coronavirus (COVID-19). In this regard, local and global AM manufacturers have printed biomedical products to level the supply-demand equation. The potential of AM technologies for biomedical applications before, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic alongwith its relation to the industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept is discussed herein. Moreover, additive manufacturing technologies are studied in this work concerning their working principle, classification, materials, processing variables, output responses, merits, challenges, and biomedical applications. Different factors affecting the sustainable performance in AM for biomedical applications are discussed with more focus on the comparative examination of consumed energy to determine which process is more sustainable. The recent advancements in the field like 4D printing and 5D printing are useful for the successful implementation of I4.0 to combat any future pandemic scenario. The potential of hybrid printing, multi-materials printing, and printing with smart materials, has been identified as hot research areas to produce scaffolds and implants in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and orthopedic implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Rehman
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890 Pakistan
| | - Wang Yanen
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| | - Ray Tahir Mushtaq
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| | - Kashif Ishfaq
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890 Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Zahoor
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890 Pakistan
| | - Ammar Ahmed
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| | - M. Saravana Kumar
- Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608 Taiwan
| | - Thierno Gueyee
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| | - Md Mazedur Rahman
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| | - Jakia Sultana
- Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072 China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The evaluation of prepared microstructure pattern by carbon-dioxide laser on zirconia-based ceramics for dental implant application: an in vitro study. Odontology 2022:10.1007/s10266-022-00781-x. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
17
|
Velasco-Ortega E, del Rocío Jiménez-Martin I, Moreno-Muñoz J, Núñez-Márquez E, Rondón-Romero JL, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Jiménez-Guerra Á, Ortiz-García I, López-López J, Monsalve-Guil L. Long-Term Treatment Outcomes of Implant Prostheses in Partially and Totally Edentulous Patients. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144910. [PMID: 35888378 PMCID: PMC9316310 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Implant dental therapy is a clinical procedure used for treating patients with tooth loss with known clinical success. This clinical study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of dental implants in partially and totally edentulous patients. A total of 544 Microdent (Microdent SU, Implant Microdent System®, Santa Eulàlia de Ronçana Barcelona, Spain) screw implants were placed in 111 patients using a two-stage surgical technique and a conventional loading protocol (lasting 3 months). Implant and prosthetic clinical findings were evaluated during a 15-year follow-up. A total of 6 implants were lost during the healing period, and 124 prostheses were placed over the 538 implants that remained: 20 single crowns, 52 partially fixed bridges, 45 full-arch fixed restorations, and 7 overdentures. A total of 20 of these were lost during the follow-up period. The cumulative survival rate for all implants was 96.4%. The data underwent statistical analysis (significance level: p < 0.05). The mean marginal bone loss was 1.82 ± 0.54 mm, ranging from 1.2 to 3.1 mm. The most frequent complications were mechanical prosthodontic complications (16.2%). In all, 11.8% of implants showed periimplantitis as the primary biological complication. Dental implants inserted in both the maxillary and mandibular areas produce long-term favorable outcomes and stable tissue conditions when a delayed loading protocol is followed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Velasco-Ortega
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - Inmaculada del Rocío Jiménez-Martin
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - Jesús Moreno-Muñoz
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - Enrique Núñez-Márquez
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - José Luis Rondón-Romero
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - Álvaro Jiménez-Guerra
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
- Correspondence: (Á.J.-G.); (J.L.-L.); Tel.: +34-647-711-149 (A.L.-G.); +34-606-457-362 (J.L-L.)
| | - Iván Ortiz-García
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| | - José López-López
- Department of Odontostomatology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Dentistry, Master of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Oral Implantology, Service of the Medical-Surgical Area of Dentistry Hospital, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (Á.J.-G.); (J.L.-L.); Tel.: +34-647-711-149 (A.L.-G.); +34-606-457-362 (J.L-L.)
| | - Loreto Monsalve-Guil
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (E.V.-O.); (I.d.R.J.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (E.N.-M.); (J.L.R.-R.); (D.C.-B.); (I.O.-G.); (L.M.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Relevant Aspects of Titanium and Zirconia Dental Implants for Their Fatigue and Osseointegration Behaviors. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15114036. [PMID: 35683331 PMCID: PMC9182570 DOI: 10.3390/ma15114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegration capacity and good mechanical behavior are key to the success of the dental implant. In many investigations, comparisons of properties are made using different dental implant designs and therefore the results can be influenced by the macrodesign of the dental implant. In this work, studies were carried out with the same dental implant model using different roughness and different materials—commercially pure titanium (grade 4) and zirconia. For this purpose, 80 smooth passivated titanium (Ti), 80 smooth zirconia (ZrO2), and 80 rough passivated titanium (Ti-R) dental implants were used. The samples were characterized by their roughness, wettability, surface energy, residual stresses, and fatigue behavior. The implants were implanted in minipigs for 4 and 12 weeks. The animals were sacrificed, and histological studies were carried out to determine the osseointegration parameters for each of the implantation times. Ti and ZrO2 dental implants have very similar wettability and surface energy properties. However, the roughness causes a decrease in the hydrophilic character and a decrease of the total surface energy and especially the dispersive component, while the polar component is higher. Due to the compressive residual stresses of alumina sandblasting, the rough dental implant has the best fatigue behavior, followed by Ti and due to the lack of toughness and rapid crack propagation the ZrO2 implants have the worst fatigue behavior. The bone index contact (BIC) values for 4 weeks were around 25% for Ti, 32% for ZrO2, and 45% for Ti-R. After 12 weeks the Ti dental implants increased to 42%, for Ti, 43% for ZrO2, and an important increase to 76% was observed for Ti-R implants. In vivo results showed that the key factor that improves osseointegration is roughness. There was no significant difference between ZrO2 and Ti implants without sandblasting.
Collapse
|
19
|
Antibacterial Activity and Drug Release of Ciprofloxacin Loaded PVA-nHAp Nanocomposite Coating on Ti-6Al-4 V. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Intelligent modeling and optimization of titanium surface etching for dental implant application. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7184. [PMID: 35504969 PMCID: PMC9065129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-etching is one of the most popular processes for the surface treatment of dental implants. In this paper, acid-etching of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) in a 48% H2SO4 solution is investigated. The etching process time (0-8 h) and solution temperature (25-90 °C) are assumed to be the most effective operational conditions to affect the surface roughness parameters such as arithmetical mean deviation of the assessed profile on the surface (Ra) and average of maximum peak to valley height of the surface over considered length profile (Rz), as well as weight loss (WL) of the dental implants in etching process. For the first time, three multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) with two hidden layers was optimized to predict Ra, Rz, and WL. MLP is a feedforward class of ANN and ANN model that involves computations and mathematics which simulate the human-brain processes. The ANN models can properly predict Ra, Rz, and WL variations during etching as a function of process temperature and time. Moreover, WL can be increased to achieve a high Ra. At WL = 0, Ra of 0.5 μm is obtained, whereas Ra increases to 2 μm at WL = 0.78 μg/cm2. Also, ANN model was fed into a nonlinear sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to establish the optimization process and the ability of this method has been proven to predict the optimized etching conditions.
Collapse
|
21
|
Anil S, Alageel O, Alsadon O, Alaqeel SM, Alsarani MM, Hashem M, Fouad H, Javaid M. Topographical changes and bactericidal efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on titanium implant surface. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102882. [PMID: 35477046 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lot of research has been done on various disinfection modalities used to achieve an aseptic implant surface. However, the bacterial efficacy and the topographical alterations resulting from the use of these techniques have never been compared. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate and compare the disinfection efficacy and surface changes on a bacteria contaminated titanium block following application of various disinfectants. METHOD Ultrasonically cleaned titanium blocks were contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. The infected titanium implants were randomly divided into four experimental groups and decontaminated using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), laser therapy, chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide. Bacterial viability and surface changes following decontamination were analyzed. RESULT Bacterial viability decreased in all the groups with aPDT having the highest reduction. Surface roughness remained unchanged whereas the contact angle lessened in the aPDT group. CONCLUSION aPDT could possibly be a suitable alternative to other disinfection regimen to treat periimplantitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry-Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Omar Alageel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsadon
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer M Alaqeel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed M Alsarani
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Applied Medical Science Department, CC, King Saud University, P.O Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javaid
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
TiO2 Nanocoatings with Controllable Crystal Type and Nanoscale Topography on Zirconia Implants to Accelerate Bone Formation. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:8650659. [PMID: 35529315 PMCID: PMC9068347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8650659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, zirconia implants have emerged as a promising alternative for replacing missing teeth due to their superior aesthetic performance and chemical stability. To improve the osseointegration of zirconia implants, modifying their surface with hierarchical micro/nanotopography and bioactive chemical composition are two effective ways. In this work, a microscale topography was prepared on a zirconia surface using hydrofluoric acid etching, and then a 50 nm TiO2 nanocoating was deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD). Subsequently, an annealing treatment was used to transform the TiO2 from amorphous to anatase and simultaneously generate nanoscale topography. Various investigations into the coating surface morphology, topography, wettability, and chemical composition were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, white light interferometry, contact-angle measurement, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenic potential performance of the coatings were evaluated by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), and in vivo osseointegration performance was assessed in a rat femoral condyle model. Moreover, the possible mechanism was also investigated. The deposition of TiO2 film with/without annealing treatment did not alter the microscale roughness of the zirconia surface, whereas the nanotopography changed significantly after annealing. The in vitro studies revealed that the anatase TiO2 coating with regular wavelike nanostructure could promote the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts and further improve the osteogenic potential in vitro and osseointegration in vivo. These positive effects may be caused by nanoscale topography via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results suggest that using ALD in combination with annealing treatment to fabricate a nanotopographic TiO2 coating is a promising way to improve the osteogenic properties of zirconia implants.
Collapse
|
23
|
Naserzadeh P, Razmi A, Yesildal R, Ashtari B. Investigation of toxicity effect of TiCN coated on 304 SS and 410 SS substrates in rat fibroblasts and B-lymphocytes. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:286-298. [PMID: 35510235 PMCID: PMC9052322 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, TiCN thin films were coated on AISI 304 and AISI 410 stainless steel (SS) substrates by Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition method. TiCN-coated substrates were confirmed by the XRD analysis results. Dense morphology and fine-grained surface of TiCN film were established by SEM images. Cellular toxicity of the coated 304 SS and 410 SS substrates was investigated in the fibroblasts and B-lymphocyte. In respect to that, we have shown coated substrates cytotoxicity, oxidative stress as well as cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein carbonyl, glutathione oxidase (GSSG), and glutathione reductase (GSH) assessment, releasing cytochrome c (Cytc), lysosomal membrane destabilization (AO) may lead to cell death signaling. Our results showed that the coated 304 SS and 410 SS substrates induced cells dysfunction via a significant increase in ROS production, MDA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001), protein carbonyl (P < 0.05), and GSSG (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) that correlated to cytochrome c release (P < 0.01). In addition, increased disturbance in oxidative phosphorylation was also shown by the decrease in cell viability (P < 0.001) and GSH (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) in the coated 304 SS and 410 SS substrates-treated fibroblast and B-lymphocytes. The coated 304 SS and 410 SS substrates contacted cells and trafficked to the lysosomes and this is followed by lysosomal damage, leading to apoptosis/Necrosis. Our results indicated that these materials cause cellular dysfunction and subsequent oxidative stress leading to cognitive impairment in the rat fibroblasts and B-lymphocytes cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Naserzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Abbas Razmi
- Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Construction and Manufacturing Division, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Ruhi Yesildal
- Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Construction and Manufacturing Division, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Behnaz Ashtari
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
da Cruz MB, Marques JF, Silva N, Madeira S, Carvalho Ó, Silva FS, Caramês J, Mata A. Human Gingival Fibroblast and Osteoblast Behavior on Groove-Milled Zirconia Implant Surfaces. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072481. [PMID: 35407819 PMCID: PMC9000173 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two type of cells representing periodontal hard tissues (osteoblasts) and soft tissues (fibroblasts) were evaluated in response to microgroove-milled zirconia surfaces. A total of 90 zirconia discs were randomly assigned to four width-standardized milling microgroove-textured groups and a control group without grooves (UT). The sandblast and acid-etch protocol were applied to all samples. Both cell lines were cultured on zirconia discs from 1 day up to 14 days. Cell morphology and adhesion were evaluated after 1 day of culturing. Cell viability and proliferation of the cells were measured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen I, osteopontin, interleukin 1β and interleukin 8 secretions were assessed at predefined times. The results obtained were presented in the form of bar graphs as means and standard deviations. Multi comparisons between groups were evaluated using two-away ANOVA or Mann−Whitney tests, and a p-value < 0.05 was established. Group comparisons with regard to cell viability, proliferation and secretion of collagen I, interleukin-1β and interleukin 8 revealed no statistically significant differences. The alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin secretion were significantly higher in the group with a large groove compared to the small one and the control group. Nevertheless, the viability of gingival and bone cells did not appear to be affected by the milled microgroove texture compared to the conventional sandblasted and acid-etched texture, but they seem to influence osteoblasts’ cellular differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brito da Cruz
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), LIBPhys-FTC UID/FIS/04559/2013, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.F.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-911-042-881
| | - Joana Faria Marques
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), LIBPhys-FTC UID/FIS/04559/2013, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.F.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Neusa Silva
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Sara Madeira
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.M.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.M.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Filipe Samuel Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.M.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
| | - João Caramês
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), LIBPhys-FTC UID/FIS/04559/2013, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.F.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.)
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Bone Physiology Research Group, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Mata
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), LIBPhys-FTC UID/FIS/04559/2013, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.F.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.)
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Cochrane Portugal, Instituto de Saúde Baseada na Evidência (ISBE), Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Influence of Bone-Level Dental Implants Placement and of Cortical Thickness on Osseointegration: In Silico and In Vivo Analyses. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11041027. [PMID: 35207298 PMCID: PMC8879296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the biomechanical response of dental implants in bone-level type locations, 0.5 mm above and below the bone level. In addition, the influence of the thickness of the cortical bone on osseointegration is determined due to the mechanical loads transfer from the dental implant to the cortical and trabecular bone. The thicknesses studied were 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm. Numerical simulations were performed using a finite element method (FEM)-based model. In order to verify the FEM model, the in silico results were compared with the results obtained from a histological analysis performed in an in vivo study with 30 New Zealand rabbits. FEM was performed using a computerized 3D model of bone-level dental implants inserted in the lower jawbone with an applied axial load of 100 N. The analysis was performed using different distances from the bone level and different thicknesses of cortical bone. The interface area of bone growth was evaluated by analyzing the bone–implant contact (BIC), region of interest (ROI) and total bone area (BAT) parameters obtained through an in vivo histological process and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Bone-level implants were inserted in the rabbit tibiae, with two implants placed per tibia. These parameters were evaluated after three or six weeks of implantation. FEM studies showed that placements 0.5 mm below the bone level presented lower values of stress distribution compared to the other studied placements. The lower levels of mechanical stress were then correlated with the in vivo studies, showing that this position presented the highest BIC value after three or six weeks of implantation. In this placement, vertical bone growth could be observed up the bone level. The smallest thickness of the study showed a better transfer of mechanical loads, which leads to a better osseointegration. In silico and in vivo results both concluded that the implants placed 0.5 mm below the cortical bone and with lower thicknesses presented the best biomechanical and histological behavior in terms of new bone formation, enhanced mechanical stability and optimum osseointegration.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Passivation of titanium alloy dental meshes cleans their surface and forms a thin layer of protective oxide (TiO2) on the surface of the material to improve resistance to corrosion and prevent release of ions to the physiological environment. The most common chemical agent for the passivation process of titanium meshes is hydrochloric acid (HCl). In this work, we introduce the use of Piranha solution (H2SO4 and H2O2) as a passivating and bactericidal agent for metallic dental meshes. Meshes of grade 5 titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) were tested after different treatments: as-received control (Ctr), passivated by HCl, and passivated by Piranha solution. Physical-chemical characterization of all treated surfaces was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy and sessile drop goniometry to assess meshes’ topography, elemental composition, roughness, wettability and surface free energy, that is, relevant properties with potential effects for the biological response of the material. Moreover, open circuit potential and potentiodynamic tests were carried out to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the differently-treated meshes under physiological conditions. Ion release tests were conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The antibacterial activity by prevention of bacterial adhesion tests on the meshes was performed for two different bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-) and Streptococcus sanguinis (Gram+). Additionally, a bacterial viability study was performed with the LIVE/DEAD test. We complemented the antibacterial study by counting cells attached to the surface of the meshes visualized by SEM. Our results showed that the passivation of titanium meshes with Piranha solution improved their hydrophilicity and conferred a notably higher bactericidal activity in comparison with the meshes passivated with HCl. This unique response can be attributed to differences in the obtained nanotextures of the TiO2 layer. However, Piranha solution treatment decreased electrochemical stability and increased ion release as a result of the porous coating formed on the treated surfaces, which can compromise their corrosion resistance. Framed by the limitations of this work, we conclude that using Piranha solution is a viable alternative method for passivating titanium dental meshes with beneficial antibacterial properties that merits further validation for its translation as a treatment applied to clinically-used meshes.
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang CY, Lee BS, Jhang YT, Ma KSK, Huang CP, Fu KL, Lai CH, Tseng WY, Kuo MYP, Chen YW. Er:YAG laser irradiation enhances bacterial and lipopolysaccharide clearance and human gingival fibroblast adhesion on titanium discs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23954. [PMID: 34907255 PMCID: PMC8671504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser treatment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) clearance and fibroblast adhesion on titanium disks. Grade IV titanium discs (n = 216) were used and allocated to 6 groups. Group 1 was the negative control without Porphyromonas gingivalis inoculation. Discs in Groups 2-6 were incubated with P. gingivalis to form a biofilm. Group 3 received 0.12% chlorhexidine irrigation and Group 4 received titanium curettage to remove the biofilm. Group 5 was treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation and Group 6 was treated with titanium curettage plus Er:YAG laser irradiation. The contact angle and surface roughness were measured after the various treatments. The surface microstructure and residual bacteria were examined using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. Residual LPS was examined using a limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and human gingival fibroblast adhesion was quantified using fluorescent microscopy. Curettage plus Er:YAG laser irradiation was the most effective method for removing bacteria and LPS. No significant difference in the amount of fibroblast adhesion was found between the control and Group 6. Combined use of Er:YAG laser irradiation and curettage optimizes LPS clearance and fibroblast adhesion on titanium discs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shiunn Lee
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Jhang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Pang Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lun Fu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Chern-Hsiung Lai
- College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mark Yen-Ping Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sato H, Ishihata H, Kameyama Y, Shimpo R, Komasa S. Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning Method for Dental Implant Surface by Agar Particle Blasting. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226805. [PMID: 34832206 PMCID: PMC8622555 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral dysfunction due to peri-implantitis and shortened life of implants has become a major concern. Self-care and removal of oral biofilms by professional mechanical tooth cleaning (PMTC) are indispensable for its prevention. However, if the surface roughness of the implant is increased, it may result in the adhesion of biofilm in the oral cavity. Therefore, the PMTC method can serve for long-term implant management. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) has been used as a cleaning method for implant surfaces; however, there is concern that the implant surface roughness could increase due to particle collision. Therefore, in this study, to establish a blasting cleaning method that does not adversely affect the implant surface, a new blasting cleaning method using agar particles was devised and its practical application examined. When the simulated stains were blasted with white alumina (WA) abrasive grains and CaCO3 particles, the simulated stains were almost removed, the surface roughness changed to a satin-finished surface—which was thought to be due to fine scratches—and the surface roughness increased. Most of the simulated stains were removed on the surface of the sample blasted with glycine particles and agar particles. Conversely, the gloss of the sample surface was maintained after cleaning, and the increase in surface roughness was slight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Sato
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamadutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Hiroshi Ishihata
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Kameyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamadutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Ryokichi Shimpo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamadutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Satoshi Komasa
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-864-3084; Fax: +81-72-864-3184
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Clinical Evaluation of Dental Implants with a Double Acid-Etched Surface Treatment: A Cohort Observational Study with Up to 10-Year Follow-Up. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216483. [PMID: 34772010 PMCID: PMC8585230 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival and success rates of dental implants with a double acid-etched surface treatment with evaluation times up to 10 years post-loading. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at a hospital oral surgery and implantology unit. It included 111 dental implants with a double acid-etched surface. Three groups were created: Group 1 (1-3 years loading), Group 2 (3-5 years loading), and Group 3 (over 5 years loading). Probing depth, resonance frequency analysis (ISQ value), and marginal bone loss were evaluated. Results: The data obtained underwent statistical analysis. Overall, 78 patients were included in the study, who received, in total, 111 dental implants, all replacing single teeth. Mean probing depth was 3.03 mm and mean ISQ was 65.54. Regarding marginal bone loss, in Group 1, 67.6% of implants did not undergo any thread loss, in Group 2, 48.3%, and in Group 3, 59.6%; 59.10% of all implants did not present thread loss with a mean bone loss of 0.552 mm. The implant survival rate was 99.1%, and the success rate was 96.37%. Conclusions: Implants with a double acid-etched surface showed excellent success rates in terms of marginal bone loss, ISQ, and probing depth after up to 10 years of loading, making them a clinically predictable treatment option. Future studies are needed to compare this implant surface with other types in different restorative situations.
Collapse
|
30
|
Šugár P, Ludrovcová B, Kalbáčová MH, Šugárová J, Sahul M, Kováčik J. Laser Surface Modification of Powder Metallurgy-Processed Ti-Graphite Composite Which Can Enhance Cells' Osteo-Differentiation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206067. [PMID: 34683656 PMCID: PMC8537964 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper examines the surface functionalization of a new type of Ti-graphite composite, a dental biomaterial prepared by vacuum low-temperature extrusion of hydrogenated-dehydrogenated titanium powder mixed with graphite flakes. Two experimental surfaces were prepared by laser micromachining applying different levels of incident energy of the fiber nanosecond laser working at 1064 nm wavelength. The surface integrity of the machined surfaces was evaluated, including surface roughness parameters measurement by contact profilometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The chemical and phase composition were comprehensively evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. Finally, the in vitro tests using human mesenchymal stem cells were conducted to compare the influence of the laser processing parameters used on the cell's cultivation and osteo-differentiation. The bioactivity results confirmed that the surface profile with positive kurtosis, platykurtic distribution curve and higher value of peaks spacing exhibited better bioactivity compared to the surface profile with negative kurtosis coefficient, leptokurtic distribution curve and lower peaks spacing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Šugár
- Institute of Production Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia; (B.L.); (J.Š.)
- Correspondence: (P.Š.); (M.H.K.); Tel.: +421-917-367-301 (P.Š.); +420-224-965-996 (M.H.K.)
| | - Barbora Ludrovcová
- Institute of Production Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia; (B.L.); (J.Š.)
| | - Marie Hubálek Kalbáčová
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, U Nemocnice 5, Praha 2, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.Š.); (M.H.K.); Tel.: +421-917-367-301 (P.Š.); +420-224-965-996 (M.H.K.)
| | - Jana Šugárová
- Institute of Production Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia; (B.L.); (J.Š.)
| | - Martin Sahul
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia;
| | - Jaroslav Kováčik
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 13 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Corrosion resistance characteristics of a Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy fabricated by electron beam melting after the applied post-process treatment methods. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Osseointegration of Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Implant Surfaces. A Histological and Histomorphometric Study in the Rabbit. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168507. [PMID: 34445213 PMCID: PMC8395172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium surface is an important factor in achieving osseointegration during the early wound healing of dental implants in alveolar bone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sandblasted-etched surface implants to investigate the osseointegration. In the present study, we used two different types of sandblasted-etched surface implants, an SLA™ surface and a Nanoblast Plus™ surface. Roughness and chemical composition were evaluated by a white light interferometer microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The SLA™ surface exhibited the higher values (Ra 3.05 μm) of rugosity compared to the Nanoblast Plus™ surface (Ra 1.78 μm). Both types of implants were inserted in the femoral condyles of ten New Zealand white rabbits. After 12 weeks, histological and histomorphometric analysis was performed. All the implants were osseointegrated and no signs of infection were observed. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that the bone–implant contact % (BIC) ratio was similar around the SLA™ implants (63.74 ± 13.61) than around the Nanoblast Plus™ implants (62.83 ± 9.91). Both implant surfaces demonstrated a favorable bone response, confirming the relevance of the sandblasted-etched surface on implant osseointegration.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Implant supported dental prostheses are increasingly used in dental practice. The aim of this narrative review is to present the influence of transmucosal surface of prosthetic abutment and implant on peri-implant tissue. The article describes causes of bone loss around the dental implant. Moreover, properties of different materials are compared and discussed. The advantages, disadvantages, and biomechanical concept of different implant-abutment connections are presented. The location of connections in relation to the bone level and the influence of microgap between the abutment and implant are described. Additionally, the implant abutments for cemented and screwed prosthetic restorations are compared. The influence of implant and abutment surface at the transmucosal level on peri-implant soft tissue is discussed. Finally, the biological aspect of abutment-implant connection is analyzed.
Collapse
|
34
|
Mineralization of Titanium Surfaces: Biomimetic Implants. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112879. [PMID: 34072082 PMCID: PMC8198012 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The surface modification by the formation of apatitic compounds, such as hydroxyapatite, improves biological fixation implants at an early stage after implantation. The structure, which is identical to mineral content of human bone, has the potential to be osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive materials. These calcium phosphates provoke the action of the cell signals that interact with the surface after implantation in order to quickly regenerate bone in contact with dental implants with mineral coating. A new generation of calcium phosphate coatings applied on the titanium surfaces of dental implants using laser, plasma-sprayed, laser-ablation, or electrochemical deposition processes produces that response. However, these modifications produce failures and bad responses in long-term behavior. Calcium phosphates films result in heterogeneous degradation due to the lack of crystallinity of the phosphates with a fast dissolution; conversely, the film presents cracks, which produce fractures in the coating. New thermochemical treatments have been developed to obtain biomimetic surfaces with calcium phosphate compounds that overcome the aforementioned problems. Among them, the chemical modification using biomineralization treatments has been extended to other materials, including composites, bioceramics, biopolymers, peptides, organic molecules, and other metallic materials, showing the potential for growing a calcium phosphate layer under biomimetic conditions.
Collapse
|
35
|
Lukaszewska-Kuska M, Wirstlein P, Majchrowski R, Dorocka-Bobkowska B. The effects of titanium topography and chemical composition on human osteoblast cell. Physiol Res 2021; 70:413-423. [PMID: 33982574 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare titanium surfaces: machined (MA); sintered ceramic-blasted (HAS); sintered ceramic-blasted and acid-etched (HAS DE) and to determine the effects of surface topography, roughness and chemical composition on human osteoblast cell reaction. Titanium surface samples were analyzed with respect to surface chemical composition, topography, and roughness. The effects of material surface characteristics on osteoblasts was examined by analyzing osteoblast morphology, viability and differentiation. Osteoblasts cultured on these materials had attached, spread and proliferated on every sample. The viability of osteoblasts cultured on HAS and HAS DE samples increased more intensively in time comparing to MA sample. The viability of osteoblast cultured on HAS samples increased more intensively in the early phases of culture while for cells cultured on HAS DE the cells viability increased later in time. Alkaline phosphate activity was the highest for the cells cultured on HAS sample and statistically higher than for the MA sample. The least activity occurred on the smooth MA sample along with the rougher HAS DE samples. All the examined samples were found to be biocompatible, as indicated by cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Titanium surfaces modification improved the dynamics of osteoblast viability increase. Osteoblast differentiation was found to be affected by the etching procedure and presence of Ca and P on the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Lukaszewska-Kuska
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Pathology, University of Medical Sciences Poznan, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Filiberto M, Daniele B, Franco B, Antonio S, Adriano P, Giovanna I, Raimondo Q. Histological and Histomorphometric Comparison of Innovative Dental Implants Laser Obtained: Animal Pilot Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081830. [PMID: 33917152 PMCID: PMC8067823 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the in vivo bone response of two innovative titanium surfaces ytterbium laser active fiber obtained (L1-L2) compared to a sandblasted and acid etched (SBAE) during early phase of osseointegration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three implant groups with the same macroscopic features were obtained (L1-L2-SBAE) to promote specific surface characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy, profilometric evaluation, X-ray spectrometry, and diffraction analysis were performed. For each group, six implants were placed in the tibiae of three Peli Buey sheep, and histologic, histomorphometric analysis, bone to implant contact (BIC), and the Dynamic Osseointegration index (DOI) were performed. RESULTS During the early phases of osseointegration, the histological and histomorphometric results showed significant differences between L1-L2-SBAE implants. At 15 and 30 days, histological analysis detected a newly bone formation around all specimens with an higher vital bone in L2 compared to L1 and SBAE both in cortical and in poor-quality marrow bone. At same time, histomorphometric analysis showed significantly higher BIC values in L2 (42.1 ± 2.6 and 82.4 ± 2.2) compared to L1 (5.2 ± 3.1 and 56.2 ± 1.3) and SBAE (23.3 ± 3.9 and 77.3 ± 0.4). DOI medium value showed a higher rate in L2 (2.83) compared to SBAE (2.60) and L1 (1.91). CONCLUSIONS With the limitations of this pilot study, it is possible to assess that the titanium surface characteristics, and not the technologies used to obtain the modification, played a crucial role during the osseointegration process. Histological, histomorphometric, BIC, and DOI evaluation showed a significantly higher rate in L2 specimens compared to others, confirming that the implant surface could increase the bone response in cortical or marrow poor quality bone during the initial phases of osseointegration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mastrangelo Filiberto
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, University of Foggia, 77100 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Botticelli Daniele
- ARDEC Academy, 47923 Rimini, Italy; (B.D.); (B.F.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Bengazi Franco
- ARDEC Academy, 47923 Rimini, Italy; (B.D.); (B.F.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Scarano Antonio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.A.); (P.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Piattelli Adriano
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.A.); (P.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Iezzi Giovanna
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.A.); (P.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Quaresima Raimondo
- Department of Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Z, Xu R, Yang Y, Liang C, Yu X, Liu Y, Wang T, Yu Y, Deng F. Micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography promotes exosome biogenesis and secretion to improve osseointegration. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:78. [PMID: 33741002 PMCID: PMC7980346 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography is more bioactive and biomimetic than smooth, micro-textured or nano-textured titanium topographies. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and exosomes derived from BMSCs play important roles in the osseointegration of titanium implants, but the effects and mechanisms of titanium topography on BMSCs-derived exosome secretion are still unclear. This study determined whether the secretion behavior of exosomes derived from BMSCs is differently affected by different titanium topographies both in vitro and in vivo. Results We found that both micro/nanonet-textured hierarchical titanium topography and micro/nanotube-textured hierarchical titanium topography showed favorable roughness and hydrophilicity. These two micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topographies enhanced the spreading areas of BMSCs on the titanium surface with stronger promotion of BMSCs proliferation in vitro. Compared to micro-textured titanium topography, micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography significantly enhanced osseointegration in vivo and promoted BMSCs to synthesize and transport exosomes and then release these exosomes into the extracellular environment both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, micro/nanonet-textured hierarchical titanium topography promoted exosome secretion by upregulating RAB27B and SMPD3 gene expression and micro/nanotube-textured hierarchical titanium topography promoted exosome secretion due to the strongest enhancement in cell proliferation. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography promotes exosome biogenesis and extracellular secretion for enhanced osseointegration. Our findings also highlight that the optimized titanium topography can increase exosome secretion from BMSCs, which may promote osseointegration of titanium implants. ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchuan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruogu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoan Liang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlu Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 of LingYuanXiLu, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Guler B, Uraz A, Hatipoğlu H, Yalım M. Chemical Evaluation of Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Analysis of Different Failing Dental Implant Surfaces: A Comparative Clinical Trial. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14040986. [PMID: 33669886 PMCID: PMC7923284 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to compare two different implant surface chemistries of failing dental implants. Sixteen patients (mean age: 52 ± 8.27 with eight females and eight males) and 34 implants were included in the study. Group-I implants consisted of a blasted/etched surface with a final process surface, while Group-II implants consisted of the sandblasted acid etching (SLA) method. The chemical surface analysis was performed by the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) method from coronal, middle, and apical parts of each implant. Titanium (Ti) element values were found to be 20.22 ± 15.7 at.% in Group I and 33.96 ± 13.62 at.% in Group-II in the middle of the dental implants. Aluminum (Al) element values were found to be 0.01 ± 0.002 in Group-I and 0.17 ± 0.28 at.% in Group II in the middle of the dental implants, and statistically significant differences were found between the groups for the Al and Ti elements in the middle of the dental implants (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference for the Ti, Al, O, Ca, Fe, P, and Mg elements in the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the implants in the intragroup evaluation (p < 0.05). It is reported that different parts of the implants affected by peri-implant inflammation show different surface chemistries, from coronal to apical, but there is no difference in the implants with different surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berceste Guler
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahu Uraz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey; (A.U.); (M.Y.)
| | - Hasan Hatipoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Yalım
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey; (A.U.); (M.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Matsumoto T, Tashiro Y, Komasa S, Miyake A, Komasa Y, Okazaki J. Effects of Surface Modification on Adsorption Behavior of Cell and Protein on Titanium Surface by Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance System. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010097. [PMID: 33379367 PMCID: PMC7795237 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary stability and osseointegration are major challenges in dental implant treatments, where the material surface properties and wettability are critical in the early formation of hard tissue around the implant. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to measure the nanogram level amount of protein and bone marrow cells adhered to the surfaces of titanium (Ti) surface in real time. The effects of ultraviolet (UV) and atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment to impart surface hydrophilicity to the implant surface were evaluated. The surface treatment methods resulted in a marked decrease in the surface carbon (C) content and increase in the oxygen (O) content, along with super hydrophilicity. The results of QCM measurements showed that adhesion of both adhesive proteins and bone marrow cells was enhanced after surface treatment. Although both methods produced implants with good osseointegration behavior and less reactive oxidative species, the samples treated with atmospheric pressure plasma showed the best overall performance and are recommended for clinical use. It was verified that QCM is an effective method for analyzing the initial adhesion process on dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Matsumoto
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.T.); (J.O.)
| | - Yuichiro Tashiro
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.T.); (J.O.)
| | - Satoshi Komasa
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.T.); (J.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-864-3084; Fax: +81-72-864-3184
| | - Akiko Miyake
- Department of Japan Faculty of Health Sciences, Osaka Dental University, 1-4-4, Makino-honmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Komasa
- Department of Japan Faculty of Health Sciences, Osaka Dental University, 1-4-4, Makino-honmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Joji Okazaki
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.T.); (J.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Preparation of highly wettable coatings on Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy for traumatological implants using micro-arc oxidation in an alkaline electrolyte. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19780. [PMID: 33188241 PMCID: PMC7666130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in a strongly alkaline electrolyte (pH > 13), consisting of Na2SiO3⋅9H2O and NaOH, was used to form a thin porous oxide coating consisting of two layers differing in chemical and phase composition. The unique procedure, combining MAO and removal of the outer layer by blasting, enables to prepare a coating suitable for application in temporary traumatological implants. A bilayer formed in an alkaline electrolyte environment during the application of MAO enables the formation of a wear-resistant layer with silicon incorporated in the oxide phase. Following the removal of the outer rutile-containing porous layer, the required coating properties for traumatological applications were determined. The prepared surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. Cytocompatibility was evaluated using human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. The newly-developed surface modifications of Ti–6Al–4V ELI alloy performed satisfactorily in all cellular tests in comparison with MAO-untreated alloy and standard tissue culture plastic. High cell viability was supported, but the modifications allowed only relatively slow cell proliferation, and showed only moderate osseointegration potential without significant support for matrix mineralization. Materials with these properties are promising for utilization in temporary traumatological implants.
Collapse
|
41
|
Comparison of 3D-Printed Dental Implants with Threaded Implants for Osseointegration: An Experimental Pilot Study. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13214815. [PMID: 33126589 PMCID: PMC7662690 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare bone healing and implant stability for three types of dental implants: a threaded implant, a three-dimensional (3D)-printed implant without spikes, and a 3D-printed implant with spikes. In four beagle dogs, left and right mandibular premolars (2nd, 3rd, and 4th) and 1st molars were removed. Twelve weeks later, three types of titanium implants (threaded implant, 3D-printed implant without spikes, and 3D-printed implant with spikes) were randomly inserted into the edentulous ridges of each dog. Implant stability measurements and radiographic recordings were taken every two weeks following implant placement. Twelve weeks after implant surgery, the dogs were sacrificed and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupied (BAFO) were compared between groups. At implant surgery, the primary stability was lower for the 3D-printed implant with spikes (74.05 ± 5.61) than for the threaded implant (83.71 ± 2.90) (p = 0.005). Afterwards, no significant difference in implants' stability was observed between groups up to post-surgery week 12. Histomorphometrical analysis did not reveal a significant difference between the three implants for BIC (p = 0.101) or BAFO (p = 0.288). Within the limits of this study, 3D-printed implants without spikes and threaded implants showed comparable implant stability measurements, BIC, and BAFO.
Collapse
|
42
|
Bernhardt A, Schneider J, Schroeder A, Papadopoulous K, Lopez E, Brückner F, Botzenhart U. Surface conditioning of additively manufactured titanium implants and its influence on materials properties and in vitro biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111631. [PMID: 33321670 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Customized osteosynthesis materials of titanium alloy can be generated by additive manufacturing replacing the complex adaptation to the patient individual anatomy, especially to the lower jaw bone which shows a highly individual surface area. After printing further conditioning is necessary to adjust surface roughness. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of different grinding and polishing procedures on sample surface and composition and in vitro biocompatibility. Ti-6Al-4V ELI samples printed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) were post-treated by multi-level procedures to adjust surface roughness using the surface conditioning technologies sandblasting, vibratory finishing, electro polishing or plasma polishing. Topography and chemical composition of the surfaces was analysed. Furthermore, the release of metal ions in contact to cell culture medium was quantified. Human osteoblasts as well as primary human gingiva cells (fibroblasts and epithelial cells) were cultivated in extracts or directly on the surfaces to analyse cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and cell proliferation. Surface roughness of the different materials after final polishing was in between 0.2 and 0.5 μm, which is in the same range as usually found for conventional titanium materials used in maxillofacial surgery. Furthermore, the wettability was comparable for all post-processing techniques. The chemical compositions of the finished surfaces showed a remarkable impact by the applied finishing technique. Extracts of the samples showed low cytotoxicity with exception of the plasma polished samples, which were shown to release significantly higher amounts of vanadium ions. Accordingly, cells showed good adhesion and proliferation on all samples except plasma polished specimens. Customized devices for midline osseodistraction were exemplarily printed with LPBF starting with patient's 3D data. Those devices can be considered for clinical use, since the printed and finished material meets the requirements of ISO 10993-5 for medical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bernhardt
- Carl Gustav Carus University Medical Center, Department of Orthodontics, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jakob Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Kiriaki Papadopoulous
- Carl Gustav Carus University Medical Center, Department of Orthodontics, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Brückner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Botzenhart
- Carl Gustav Carus University Medical Center, Department of Orthodontics, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Treatment with Dental Implants with Acid Etched Surface. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071553. [PMID: 32230917 PMCID: PMC7177283 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Implant dentistry constitutes a therapeutic modality in the prosthodontic treatment of partially and totally edentulous patients. This study reports a long-term evaluation of treatment by the early loading of acid-etched surface implants. Forty-eight partially and totally edentulous patients were treated with 169 TSA Defcon® acid-etched surface implants for prosthodontic rehabilitation. Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period of 6–8 weeks in mandible and maxilla, respectively. Implant and prosthodontic clinical findings were followed during at least 17 years. Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 92.9%, demonstrating that acid-etched surface achieves and maintains successful osseointegration. Five implants in three patients were lost during the healing period. Sixty-five prostheses were placed in 45 patients over the remaining 164 implants, 30 single crowns, 21 partially fixed bridges, 9 overdentures, and 5 full-arch fixed rehabilitations. A total of 12 implants were lost during the follow-up period. Mean marginal bone loss was 1.91 ± 1.24 mm, ranging from 1.1 to 3.6 mm. The most frequent complication was prosthetic technical complications (14.2%), followed by peri-implantitis (10.6%). The mean follow-up was of 214.4 months (208–228 months). Prosthodontic rehabilitation with an early-loading protocol over acid-etched surface implants is a successful implant treatment.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pérez R, Gargallo J, Altuna P, Herrero-Climent M, Gil F. Fatigue of Narrow Dental Implants: Influence of the Hardening Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1429. [PMID: 32245138 PMCID: PMC7143173 DOI: 10.3390/ma13061429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of narrow titanium dental implants (NDI) for small ridges, reduced interdental space, or missing lateral incisors can be a viable option when compared to the conventional wider dental implants. Furthermore, in many cases, standard diameter implant placement may not be possible without grafting procedures, which increases the healing time, cost, and morbidity. The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanical viability of the current narrow implants and how narrow implants can be improved. Different commercially available implants (n = 150) were tested to determine maximum strength, strain to fracture, microhardness, residual stress, and fatigue obtaining the stress-number of cycles to fracture (SN) curve. Fractography was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that when the titanium was hardened by the addition of 15% of Zr or 12% cold worked, the fatigue limit was higher than the commercially pure grade 4 Ti without hardening treatment. Grade 4 titanium without hardening treatment in narrow dental implants can present fractures by fatigue. These narrow implants are subjected to high mechanical stresses and the mechanical properties of titanium do not meet the minimal requirements, which lead to frequent fractures. New hardening treatments allow for the mechanical limitations of conventional narrow implants to be overcome in dynamic conditions. These hardening treatments allow for the design of narrow dental implants with enhanced fatigue life and long-term behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.A. Pérez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya. C/ Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - J. Gargallo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.A.)
| | - P. Altuna
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.A.)
| | - M. Herrero-Climent
- Master Periodoncia, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - F.J. Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya. C/ Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|