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Megha KB, Arathi A, Shikha S, Alka R, Ramya P, Mohanan PV. Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5541-5571. [PMID: 38206471 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin, the 'hormone of darkness' is a neuronal hormone secreted by the pineal gland and other extra pineal sites. Responsible for the circadian rhythm and seasonal behaviour of vertebrates and mammals, melatonin is responsible for regulating various physiological conditions and the maintenance of sleep, body weight and the neuronal activities of the ocular sites. With its unique amphiphilic structure, melatonin can cross the cellular barriers and elucidate its activities in the subcellular components, including mitochondria. Melatonin is a potential scavenger of oxygen and nitrogen-reactive species and can directly obliterate the ROS and RNS by a receptor-independent mechanism. It can also regulate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in various pathological conditions and exhibit therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative, psychiatric disorders and cancer. Melatonin is also found to show its effects on major organs, particularly the brain, liver and heart, and also imparts a role in the modulation of the immune system. Thus, melatonin is a multifaceted candidate with immense therapeutic potential and is still considered an effective supplement on various therapies. This is primarily due to rectification of aberrant circadian rhythm by improvement of sleep quality associated with risk development of neurodegenerative, cognitive, cardiovascular and other metabolic disorders, thereby enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Megha
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - A Arathi
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - Saini Shikha
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Rao Alka
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prabhu Ramya
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Government Arts College, Trivandrum, 695 014, India
| | - P V Mohanan
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India.
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Savvidis C, Kallistrou E, Kouroglou E, Dionysopoulou S, Gavriiloglou G, Ragia D, Tsiama V, Proikaki S, Belis K, Ilias I. Circadian rhythm disruption and endocrine-related tumors. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:818-834. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i7.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delved into the intricate relationship between circadian clocks and physiological processes, emphasizing their critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Orchestrated by interlocked clock genes, the circadian timekeeping system regulates fundamental processes like the sleep-wake cycle, energy metabolism, immune function, and cell proliferation. The central oscillator in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus synchronizes with light-dark cycles, while peripheral tissue clocks are influenced by cues such as feeding times. Circadian disruption, linked to modern lifestyle factors like night shift work, correlates with adverse health outcomes, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and cancer. We explored the molecular mechanisms of circadian clock genes and their impact on metabolic disorders and cancer pathogenesis. Specific associations between circadian disruption and endocrine tumors, spanning breast, ovarian, testicular, prostate, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal gland cancers, are highlighted. Shift work is associated with increased breast cancer risk, with PER genes influencing tumor progression and drug resistance. CLOCK gene expression correlates with cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer, while factors like aging and intermittent fasting affect prostate cancer. Our review underscored the intricate interplay between circadian rhythms and cancer, involving the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA repair, metabolism, immune function, and the tumor microenvironment. We advocated for integrating biological timing into clinical considerations for personalized healthcare, proposing that understanding these connections could lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Evidence supports circadian rhythm-focused therapies, particularly chronotherapy, for treating endocrine tumors. Our review called for further research to uncover detailed connections between circadian clocks and cancer, providing essential insights for targeted treatments. We emphasized the importance of public health interventions to mitigate lifestyle-related circadian disruptions and underscored the critical role of circadian rhythms in disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Savvidis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Efthymia Kallistrou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Eleni Kouroglou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Sofia Dionysopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | | | - Dimitra Ragia
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Tsiama
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Stella Proikaki
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Belis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
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Djupedal ILR, Harris A, Svensen E, Pallesen S, Waage S, Nielsen MB, Sunde E, Bjorvatn B, Holmelid Ø, Vedaa Ø. Effects of a work schedule with abated quick returns on insomnia, sleepiness, and work-related fatigue: results from a large-scale cluster randomized controlled trial. Sleep 2024; 47:zsae086. [PMID: 38581363 PMCID: PMC11236942 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of a work schedule with abated quick returns (i.e. > 11 hours between two shifts) on insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and work-related fatigue compared to a shift schedule maintaining the usual number of quick returns. METHODS A two-armed cluster randomized controlled trial including 66 units was conducted at a university hospital in Norway. Units with healthcare workers on rotating shift schedules were randomly assigned to a shift schedule with abated quick returns (intervention) or to continue with a schedule including quick returns as usual (control) for 6 months. Questionnaires assessed symptoms of insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale [BIS]), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]), and work-related fatigue (Revised Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory) at baseline and towards the end of the intervention. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed-effects models, and Cohen's d was used to calculate the effect size between groups. RESULTS Overall, 1314 healthcare workers (85.2% female) completed the baseline questionnaire (response rate 49.1%), and 552 completed the follow-up questionnaire. The intervention reduced quick returns from an average of 13.2 (SD = 8.7) to 6.7 (SD = 6.0), while the control group's average remained relatively unchanged from 13.2 (SD = 8.7) to 12.0 (SD = 9.3). Results showed a small improvement in symptoms of insomnia (BIS; d = -0.13, p = .022) and daytime sleepiness (ESS; d = -0.14, p = .013) in favor of the intervention. No effects were observed on work-related fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Reducing the number of quick returns in the work schedule resulted in improvements in insomnia and daytime sleepiness. The findings highlight the importance of sufficient daily rest time in the work schedule of healthcare workers. CLINICAL TRIAL Health Promoting Work Schedules: The Effect of Abolishing Quick Returns (HeWoS); clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04693182; Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04693182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingebjørg Louise Rockwell Djupedal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anette Harris
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erling Svensen
- Department of Human Resources, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siri Waage
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Birkeland Nielsen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend Sunde
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Bjorvatn
- Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Holmelid
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Vedaa
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
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Faghihi M, Farshad A, Salehi N, Whitehead D, Ghayen MM, Izadi B, Mansourian M. Exploring drivers of women's well-being in hospitals: mapping the landscape. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:355. [PMID: 38902715 PMCID: PMC11188510 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The workplace plays a key role in impacting the health and well-being of employees at various levels, including physical, psychological, and social aspects of health. This study aims to identify the drivers of a healthy environment that promotes the well-being of women employed in hospitals. MATERIALS & METHODS This qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit a total of 48 working women across a diverse range of participants with different job categories and socio-demographic statuses. These include clinical health (e.g., nurse, head nurse, practical nurse, supervisor, physicians); allied health (e.g., diagnostic services); public health (e.g., health promotion specialists); and administrative (e.g., hospital managers). Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using content analysis by creating codes, sub-themes, and themes. RESULTS Content analysis resulted in 31 key codes, that generated 12 sub-themes and 4 key themes. These include Advancing women's health through collaborative leadership; a Psychologically safe environment for women; Thriving for positive social connections; and Advancing holistic health for women. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Hospital managers and leaders play a pivotal role in creating supportive workplaces for women. They can significantly assist in prioritizing their psychological and social health through personalized approaches tailored to women's needs, positioning them as co-designers of their health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Faghihi
- Health Education & Promotion, Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Farshad
- Professor of Occupational Health Engineering, Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Salehi
- Health Management, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dean Whitehead
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Berwick, Australia
| | - Masoud Motalebi Ghayen
- Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Izadi
- Associate Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mansourian
- Associate Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zakic T, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Cvoro A, Korac A, Jankovic A, Korac B. Redox and metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue. FEBS Lett 2023. [PMID: 38140817 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Redox and metabolic processes are tightly coupled in both physiological and pathological conditions. In cancer, their integration occurs at multiple levels and is characterized by synchronized reprogramming both in the tumor tissue and its specific but heterogeneous microenvironment. In breast cancer, the principal microenvironment is the cancer-associated adipose tissue (CAAT). Understanding how the redox-metabolic reprogramming becomes coordinated in human breast cancer is imperative both for cancer prevention and for the establishment of new therapeutic approaches. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the redox profiles and regulation of intermediary metabolism in breast cancer while considering the tumor and CAAT of breast cancer as a unique Warburg's pseudo-organ. As cancer is now recognized as a systemic metabolic disease, we have paid particular attention to the cell-specific redox-metabolic reprogramming and the roles of estrogen receptors and circadian rhythms, as well as their crosstalk in the development, growth, progression, and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Zakic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bato Korac
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Cheng WY, Desmet L, Depoortere I. Time-restricted eating for chronodisruption-related chronic diseases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14027. [PMID: 37553828 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The circadian timing system enables organisms to adapt their physiology and behavior to the cyclic environmental changes including light-dark cycle or food availability. Misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythms and external cues is known as chronodisruption and is closely associated with the development of metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Time-restricted eating (TRE, in human) is an emerging dietary approach for weight management. Recent studies have shown that TRE or time-restricted feeding (TRF, when referring to animals) has several beneficial health effects, which, however, are not limited to weight management. This review summarizes the effects of TRE/TRF on regulating energy metabolism, gut microbiota and homeostasis, development of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Furthermore, we will address the role of circadian clocks in TRE/TRF and propose ways to optimize TRE as a dietary strategy to obtain maximal health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yin Cheng
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louis Desmet
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Depoortere
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Atwater AQ, Castanon-Cervantes O. Uncovering Novel Biomarkers of Inflammation as Potential Screening Targets of Disease Risk in Healthcare Shift Workers: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND HEALTH CARE RESEARCH 2023; 6:1466. [PMID: 37886726 PMCID: PMC10601993 DOI: 10.29011/2688-9501.101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Shift work, experienced by nearly 30% of the U.S. workforce, is hazardous to health and has become a pervasive labor practice in the healthcare sector worldwide. It increases the risk of stroke, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, specific screening targets for shift workers still need to be defined. In this study, we have begun uncovering these targets as specific low-grade systemic inflammation markers and functional endotoxin-elicited responses that may foreshadow disease risk in shift workers. One hundred four participants (normothermic and normotensive) were healthy, non-smoking, and drug- and medication-free volunteers recruited from Atlanta area hospitals and medical schools. We assessed the concentration of three proteins in plasma samples from day workers and shift workers (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, IL-10, and TNF-α), and the relationship between these baseline biomarkers and their response to an ex-vivo endotoxin challenge. We show that shift work increases low-grade systemic inflammation and disrupts discrete endotoxin responses. As shift work exposure increases, the correlation between low-grade systemic inflammation markers and their endotoxin responses was disrupted; this effect was more robust for TNF-α than for IL-10. With increased shift work exposure, these events, alone or combined, represent potential systemic and functional signals that may be harnessed to develop screening tools to identify at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Q Atwater
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA. USA
| | - Oscar Castanon-Cervantes
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA. USA
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Lee DW, Kim H, Lee W, Lee WR, Yoo KB, Choi JH, Lee KE, Yoon JH. Cancer Incidence in Korean Healthcare Workers in Hospitals. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072045. [PMID: 37046706 PMCID: PMC10093411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Healthcare workers in hospitals (HHCWs), a notably increasing workforce, face various occupational hazards. A high incidence of cancer among HHCWs has been observed; however, the cancer incidence status among HHCWs in South Korea is yet to be studied. This study aimed to assess cancer incidence among HHCWs in South Korea. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of HHCWs using National Health Insurance claims data, including cancer incidence status and vital status, from 2007 to 2015. Those who had worked in hospitals for at least three years were defined as HHCWs. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for all cancer types and standardized mortality ratios were calculated. Results: A total of 107,646 HHCWs were followed up, and the total follow-up duration was 905,503 person-years. Compared to the total workers, female HHCWs showed significantly higher SIR for all cancers (observed cases = 1480; SIR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.47). The incidence of breast cancer among female HHCWs was significantly higher compared to that among total workers (observed cases = 376; SIR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.09–1.36). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that female HHCWs have an elevated probability of developing cancer, which suggests that occupational risk factors such as night-shift work, anti-neoplastic medications, stressful jobs, and ionizing radiation should be assessed. Further investigation and occupational environment improvement activities are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
- Jungbu Korea Occupational Diseases Surveillance Center, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21654, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Lee
- Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si 10444, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Division of Health Administration, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeok Choi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Lee
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Goodman JM, Colon M, Cottrell EK, Guise JM. Work as a social risk factor in pregnancy: A systematic review of screening practices related to working conditions and family leave among pregnant adults. Birth 2023; 50:32-43. [PMID: 36455239 PMCID: PMC9992310 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paid family leave and working conditions are components of employment quality-a key social determinant of health across the life course, particularly during pregnancy. Increased research on prenatal social risk screening has not extended to employment quality. The objective of this systematic review was to identify prenatal screening practices and interventions in health care settings that address employment and working conditions as social risk factors among pregnant adults and to describe their properties and key findings. METHOD We searched MEDLINE, PsychINFO, SocINDEX, EMBASE, and the SIREN Evidence and Resource Library for studies published through February 14, 2022. We selected multiple search terms related to four domains: (1) employment or working conditions; (2) screening; (3) health care settings; and (4) pregnancy or maternal health. RESULTS Of the 2317 unique titles and abstracts that were potentially relevant, eight articles met all inclusion criteria and focused on pregnant populations. The content of identified screening practices varied substantially, highlighting the multiple ways employment is conceptualized as a potential risk factor. Few studies included multidimensional measures of employment to assess working conditions, which may be particularly relevant during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests that screening for employment as a social risk factor does not regularly occur in prenatal care. Although pragmatic properties of the screening tools we assessed are promising, tools seldom examine the multidimensional nature of work. Understanding the principal intent of screening for employment prenatally could provide greater opportunity to collect and interpret contextual factors that influence how both providers and patients respond to social risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mina Colon
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR
| | - Erika K. Cottrell
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR
| | - Jeanne-Marie Guise
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health & Preventive Medicine, and Emergency Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR
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Teglia F, Collatuzzo G, Boffetta P. Occupational Cancers among Employed Women: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041334. [PMID: 36831675 PMCID: PMC9954144 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The facts that occupational cancer in women is under-investigated, with few in-depth analyses are well known. In recent decades the workforce has changed, with an increasing number of women employed. Therefore, the inclusion of women in occupational cancer studies has become more urgent and feasible than in the past decades. The difficulties to evaluate occupational causes of female gynecologic tumors in most past cohorts and the potential variation in outcome responses between men and women must be taken into consideration. This narrative review discusses women's occupational cancer as a current area of research, focusing on three groups of workers characterized by peculiar exposure to occupational carcinogens and where women are often employed: beauticians and hairdressers; farmers; and healthcare workers. We discuss the most relevant cancers in each working category, with a particular focus on female breast cancer. In the three industries reviewed in detail, there are some risk factors which may affect primarily women, inducing breast cancer and cervical cancer, as well as risk factors that are carcinogenic in both genders, but whose effects are less well known in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Teglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Role of Melatonin in Cancer: Effect on Clock Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031919. [PMID: 36768253 PMCID: PMC9916653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is a regulatory system, with a periodicity of approximately 24 h, that generates rhythmic changes in many physiological processes. Increasing evidence links chronodisruption with aberrant functionality in clock gene expression, resulting in multiple diseases, including cancer. In this context, tumor cells have an altered circadian machinery compared to normal cells, which deregulates the cell cycle, repair mechanisms, energy metabolism and other processes. Melatonin is the main hormone produced by the pineal gland, whose production and secretion oscillates in accordance with the light:dark cycle. In addition, melatonin regulates the expression of clock genes, including those in cancer cells, which could play a key role in the numerous oncostatic effects of this hormone. This review aims to describe and clarify the role of clock genes in cancer, as well as the possible mechanisms of the action of melatonin through which it regulates the expression of the tumor's circadian machinery, in order to propose future anti-neoplastic clinical treatments.
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Chen XQ, Jiang XM, Zheng QX, Wang HW, Xue H, Pan YQ, Liao YP, Gao XX. Prevalence and risk factors of sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature among Chinese midwives. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1142995. [PMID: 36875391 PMCID: PMC9975388 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives and whether circadian rhythm disorder was associated with sub-health. Methods A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 Chinese midwives from six hospitals through cluster sampling. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire, Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0, and circadian rhythm detection. Minnesota single and population mean cosine methods were used to analyze the rhythm of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature. Binary logistic regression, nomograph model, and forest plot were performed to identify variables associated with midwives' sub-health. Results There were 65 midwives with sub-health and 61, 78, and 48 midwives with non-validation of circadian rhythms of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature among 91 midwives, respectively. Midwives' sub-health was significantly related to age, duration of exercise, weekly working hours, job satisfaction, cortisol rhythm, and melatonin rhythm. Based on these six factors, the nomogram was presented with significant predictive performance for sub-health. Furthermore, cortisol rhythm was significantly associated with physical, mental, and social sub-health, whereas melatonin rhythm was significantly correlated with physical sub-health. Conclusion Sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder were generally common among midwives. Nurse administrators are supposed to pay attention and take measures to prevent sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Chen
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiu-Min Jiang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qing-Xiang Zheng
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Wei Wang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heng Xue
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Qing Pan
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Ping Liao
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Gao
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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13
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Changes in the Work Schedule of Nurses Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship with Sleep and Turnover Intention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148682. [PMID: 35886534 PMCID: PMC9318054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate whether different types of changes in the work schedule of nurses working rotating shifts during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with sleep duration, sleep quality, and turnover intention. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from 694 nurses participating in the SUrvey of Shift work, Sleep and Health (SUSSH) were collected between the first and the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. A total of 89.9% were female, and mean age was 44.6 years (SD = 8.6 years). Changes in the shift work schedule related to the pandemic comprised reports of more long workdays (>8 h), less days off between work periods, more night shifts, more quick returns (i.e., 11 h or less between two consecutive shifts), more day shifts, and more evening shifts compared to no change in the respective shift characteristics. Change in sleep duration, sleep quality, and turnover intention as well as demographics were also assessed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate whether changes in the specific work schedules were associated with sleep duration, sleep quality, and turnover intention, controlling for sex, age, cohabitation, children living in household, percentage of full time equivalent and other changes in the work schedule. Results: A total of 17% reported experiencing one or more changes in their work schedule during the pandemic. Experiencing any change in the work schedule predicted worse sleep quality (OR = 2.68, p < 0.001), reduced sleep duration (OR = 4.56, p < 0.001), and higher turnover intention (OR = 1.96, p = 0.006) compared to experiencing no change in work schedule. Among the specific changes in work schedules, experiencing an increase in quick returns had the highest odds ratio for worse sleep quality (OR = 10.34, p = 0.007) and higher turnover intention (OR = 8.49, p = 0.014) compared to those who reported no change in quick returns. Nurses experiencing an increase in long workdays were more likely to report higher turnover intention (OR = 4.37, p = 0.003) compared to those experiencing no change in long workdays. Conclusions: Change in work schedule related to the pandemic was associated with worse sleep quality, reduced sleep duration, and higher turnover intention. Increase in quick returns emerged as especially problematic in terms of sleep quality and turnover intention, along with long workdays, which were associated with higher turnover intention.
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14
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Lawther AJ, Phillips AJK, Chung NC, Chang A, Ziegler AI, Debs S, Sloan EK, Walker AK. Disrupting circadian rhythms promotes cancer-induced inflammation in mice. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 21:100428. [PMID: 35199050 PMCID: PMC8851215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of circadian rhythms occurs in rotating shift-work, jetlag, and in individuals with irregular sleep schedules. Circadian disruption is known to alter inflammatory responses and impair immune function. However, there is limited understanding of how circadian disruption modulates cancer-induced inflammation. Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer and is linked to worse prognosis and impaired brain function in cancer patients. Here, we investigated the effect of circadian disruption on cancer-induced inflammation in an orthotopic breast cancer model. Using a validated chronic jetlag protocol that advances the light-cycle by 8 h every 2 days to disrupt circadian rhythms, we found that circadian disruption alters cancer-induced inflammation in a tissue-specific manner, increasing inflammation in the body and brain while decreasing inflammation within the tumor tissue. Circadian disruption did not affect inflammation in mice without tumors, suggesting that the impact of circadian disruption may be particularly detrimental in the context of underlying inflammatory conditions, such as cancer. Importantly, circadian disruption did not affect tumor burden, suggesting that increased inflammation was not a result of increased cancer progression. Overall, these findings identify the importance of healthy circadian rhythms for limiting cancer-induced inflammation. Circadian disruption enhances cancer-induced inflammation in the body and brain. The profile of inflammatory cytokines altered by circadian disruption is tissue specific. Changes in inflammatory profiles by circadian disruption are not due to enhanced tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Lawther
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Ni-Chun Chung
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Aeson Chang
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alexandra I Ziegler
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sophie Debs
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia.,Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2033, Australia
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15
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Hong J, He Y, Fu R, Si Y, Xu B, Xu J, Li X, Mao F. The relationship between night shift work and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:712-731. [PMID: 35702390 PMCID: PMC8995855 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between night shift work and breast cancer (BC) incidence. A search was performed in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases before June 2021. The exposure factor of this study is night shift work, the primary outcome is the risk of BC. A total of 33 observational studies composed of 4,331,782 participants were included. Night shift work increases the risk of BC in the female population (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 1.10–1.31, p < 0.001), especially receptor-positive BC, including estrogen receptor (ER)+ BC (HR = 1.35, p < 0.001), progesterone receptor (PR)+ BC (HR = 1.30, p = 0.003), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ BC (HR = 1.42, p < 0.001), but has no effect on HER2− BC (HR = 1.10, p = 0.515) and ER−/PR− BC (HR = 0.98, p = 0.827). The risk of BC was positively correlated with night shift working duration, frequency, and cumulative times. For women who start night work before menopause, night work will increase the incidence of BC (HR = 1.17, p = 0.020), but for women who start night work after menopause, night work does not affect BC (HR = 1.04, p = 0.293). Night work can increase the incidence of BC in the female population. The effect of long working hours, frequency, and the cumulative number of night shifts on BC is influenced by menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Hong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yujing He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yuexiu Si
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Binbin Xu
- Department of Nutrition, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jiaxuan Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiangyuan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Feiyan Mao
- Department of General Surgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Northwest Street 41, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010 , Zhejiang , China
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16
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Bartosiewicz A, Łuszczki E, Jagielski P, Oleksy L, Stolarczyk A, Dereń K. Focus on Polish nurses' health condition: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13065. [PMID: 35341050 PMCID: PMC8944332 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The nursing profession carries with it many negative factors and a high risk of developing chronic diseases, including overweight and obesity. According to statistics, the health condition of this professional group is much worse than that of the average population of the same age. As the largest and most trusted professional group in the world, nurses are critical to the health of any nation. The aim of the study was to assess the Polish nurse's health condition based on real measurements of parameters important for the occurrence of metabolic diseases. Methods This is the cross-sectional, conducted among two age groups of Polish nurses (<50 years and ≥50 years). Study included the measurements with DXA, the assessment of glucose concentration and lipid profile, the measurement of blood pressure and socio-demographic data of the surveyed nurses. Results The majority of respondents above 50 years old were nurses with elevated total cholesterol (79.3%), elevated LDL cholesterol (72.8%), 42.4% of studied nurses had hypertension. Conclusion Individual, local and national measures to prevent and support the health of this professional group are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bartosiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Pawel Jagielski
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lukasz Oleksy
- Physiotherapy and Sports Centre, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland,Oleksy Medical & Sports Sciences, Łańcut, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
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17
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Phillips AJK, Lawther AJ, Walker AK. Clocking onto chemotherapy to enhance cancer treatment. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:172-173. [PMID: 34875343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam J Lawther
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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18
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Briguglio G, Costa C, Teodoro M, Giambò F, Italia S, Fenga C. Women's health and night shift work: Potential targets for future strategies in breast cancer (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:98. [PMID: 34667595 PMCID: PMC8517754 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated amongst women worldwide. Several studies have shown that individual, environmental and occupational factors can serve an important role in the onset of breast cancer; although the majority of studies have demonstrated this association, and several studies have investigated the biological pathways, it is impossible to describe with certainty the causal relationship that involve circadian rhythm disruption and melatonin dysregulation with the oncogenic processes. Over the years, due to the introduction of more effective screening tools, an increase in the incidence of breast cancer as well as a decrease in the age at diagnosis has been witnessed. Subsequently, an increasing number of individuals have obtained care at a younger age, which has meant that after surgery and chemotherapy, these workers have had to return to work. In light of these paradigmatic changes, the aim of the present review was to identify potential targets for future organisational strategies that should be adopted in the workplace by occupational physicians, both for prevention and for the return-to-work process of working women who have suffered from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Italia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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19
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Fagundo-Rivera J, Allande-Cussó R, Ortega-Moreno M, García-Iglesias JJ, Romero A, Ruiz-Frutos C, Gómez-Salgado J. Implications of Lifestyle and Occupational Factors on the Risk of Breast Cancer in Shiftwork Nurses. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:649. [PMID: 34070908 PMCID: PMC8228409 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work that involves circadian disruption has been highlighted as a likely carcinogenic factor for breast cancer in humans. Also, unhealthy lifestyle habits observed in night work nurses could be causally related to an increase in the incidence of estrogen-positive breast tumours in this population. Assessing baseline risk of breast cancer in nurses is essential. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of breast cancer that nurses had in relation to their lifestyle and labour factors related to shift work. A cross-sectional descriptive study through a questionnaire about sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health, and working life was designed. The sample consisted of 966 nurses. The relationship between variables was tested. A binary logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were performed. The most significant labour variables in relation to the risk of breast cancer were the number of years worked (more than 16 years; p < 0.01; OR = 8.733, 95% CI = 2.811, 27.134) and the total years performing more than 3 nights per month (10 or more years; p < 0.05; OR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.008, 5.220). Also, the nights worked throughout life (over 500; OR = 4.190, 95% CI = 2.118, 8.287) were significant in the analysis. Nurses who had or ever had breast cancer valued their self-perceived health more negatively (p < 0.001) and referred a lower quality of sleep (p < 0.001) than the non-cases nurses. The occupational factors derived from night work could have several impacts on nurses' health and their family-work balance. Promoting healthy lifestyles, informing about shift work risks, and adjusting shift work schedules are critical methods to decrease the possible effects of circadian disruption in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fagundo-Rivera
- Health Sciences Doctorate School, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Atlântica, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica Ortega-Moreno
- Department of Economy, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
| | - Adolfo Romero
- Nursing and Podiatry Department, Health Sciences School, University of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
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20
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Gómez-Salgado J, Fagundo-Rivera J, Ortega-Moreno M, Allande-Cussó R, Ayuso-Murillo D, Ruiz-Frutos C. Night Work and Breast Cancer Risk in Nurses: Multifactorial Risk Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1470. [PMID: 33806956 PMCID: PMC8004617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Night work has been highlighted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a likely carcinogenic factor for humans, associated with breast cancer and professions that require continuity of work. Knowing the impact that short and long-term night work has on the nurses' collective seems a priority, therefore, this study aims to analyse the relationship between night work and the development of breast cancer risk factors in nurses. For this, a cross-sectional study through an online questionnaire on breast cancer risk variables and working life was designed. The study was conducted in Spain and the sample consisted of 966 nurses, of whom 502 were healthy participants and 56 were breast cancer patients. These two groups were compared in the analyses. A descriptive analysis was performed, and the relationship was tested using χ2 independence test and OR calculation. The CHAID (Chi Square Automatic Interaction Detection) data mining method allowed for the creation of a segmentation tree for the main risk variables. The most significant risk variables related to working life have been the number of years worked, nights worked throughout life, and years working more than 3 nights per month. Exceeding 16 years of work has been significant for women and men. When the time worked is less than 16 years, the number of cases increases if there is a family history of cancer and if there have been more than 500 nights of work. High-intensity night work seems more harmful at an early age. The accumulation of years and nights worked increase the risk of breast cancer when factors such as sleep disturbance, physical stress, or family responsibilities come together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
| | - Javier Fagundo-Rivera
- Health Sciences Doctorate School, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Atlântica, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | - Mónica Ortega-Moreno
- Department of Economy, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | | | | | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
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