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Wang Z, Zhang CM, Li YF. Influence of suspended particles and dissolved organic matters on virus enrichment in reclaimed water by two-step tangential flow ultrafiltration: Phenomena and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134494. [PMID: 38703688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Enteric virus concentration in large-volume water samples is crucial for detection and essential for assessing water safety. Certain dissolution and suspension components can affect the enrichment process. In this study, tangential flow ultrafiltration (TFUF) was used as an enrichment method for recovering enteric virus in water samples. Interestingly, the bacteriophage MS2 recovery in reclaimed water and the reclaimed water without particles were higher than that in ultrapure water. The simulated reclaimed water experiments showed that humic acid (HA) (92.16% ± 4.32%) and tryptophan (Try) (81.50 ± 7.71%) enhanced MS2 recovery, while the presence of kaolin (Kaolin) inhibited MS2 recovery with an efficiency of 63.13% ± 11.17%. Furthermore, Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the MS2-HA cluster and the MS2-Try cluster had larger roughness values on the membrane surface, making it difficult to be eluted, whereas MS2-Kaolin cluster had compact surfaces making it difficult to be eluted. Additionally, the MS2-HA cluster is bound to the membrane by single hydrogen bond with SO, whereas both the MS2-Try cluster and the MS2-Kaolin cluster are bound to the membrane by two hydrogen bonds, making eluting MS2 challenging. These findings have potential implications for validating standardized methods for virus enrichment in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Chong-Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yong-Fu Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Bacher J, Lali N, Steiner F, Jungbauer A. Cytokines as fast indicator of infectious virus titer during process development. J Biotechnol 2024; 383:55-63. [PMID: 38325657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Measuring infectious titer is the most time-consuming method during the production and process development of live viruses. Conventionally, it is done by measuring the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) or plaque forming units (pfu) in cell-based assays. Such assays require a time span of more than a week to the readout and significantly slow down process development. In this study, we utilized the pro-inflammatory cytokine response of a Vero production cell line to a recombinant measles vaccine virus (MVV) as model system for rapidly determining infectious virus titer within several hours after infection instead of one week. Cytokines are immunostimulatory proteins contributing to the first line of defence against virus infection. The probed cytokines in this study were MCP-1 and RANTES, which are secreted in a virus dose as well as time dependent manner and correlate to TCID50 over a concentration range of several logarithmic levels with R2 = 0.86 and R2 = 0.83, respectively. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory cytokine response of the cells was specific for infectious virus particles and not evoked with filtered virus seed. We also discovered that individual cytokine candidates may be more suitable for off- or at-line analysis, depending on the secretion profile as well as their sensitivity towards changing process conditions. Furthermore, the method can be applied to follow a purification procedure and is therefore suited for process development and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Bacher
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz A-8010, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Narges Lali
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz A-8010, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Steiner
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz A-8010, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Shahsavandi S, Ebrahimi MM, Nazari A, Khalili I. Effects of ultra-filtration purification of infectious bursal disease virus on immune responses and cytokine activation in specific pathogen free chickens. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2024; 15:49-55. [PMID: 38464605 PMCID: PMC10921136 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2023.2009350.3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Purification is an important step in the production of viral vaccines that strongly affects product recovery and subsequent immune responses. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the purification of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by the tangential flow filtration (TFF) method. Then, the effect of the purified virus on the induction of immune responses against IBDV in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens was investigated. The IBD07IR strain was propagated in embryonated SPF eggs. The virus was purified using a 100 kDa cassette. The quality of the recovered viruses was evaluated by titration. A total number of 60 SPF chickens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and received the concentrated viral antigen, commercial live IBDV vaccine and phosphate-buffered saline at the age of 3 weeks by eye drop method. The bursa of Fabricius was examined histopathologically for possible changes. Sera were collected at 1-week intervals from day 0 until the end of 6 weeks after vaccination. The IBDV-specific antibody levels, induction of cell-mediated immunity and mRNA expression levels of cytokines were evaluated. The results showed that despite a relative raise in virus titer from 7.66 to 8.17 embryo infectious dose (EID)50 mL-1 following purification, both the purified IBDV and commercial vaccine are able to induce strong immune responses against the virus. Within a context of egg-based IBDV vaccine production, a single-step TFF can be applied for the relatively purification. This platform requires a further study in the selection of multiple membranes to optimize the operating conditions and final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Shahsavandi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Majid Ebrahimi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Nazari
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Iraj Khalili
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
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Eilts F, Steger M, Pagallies F, Rziha HJ, Hardt M, Amann R, Wolff MW. Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the physicochemical characterization of Orf virus particles. J Virol Methods 2022; 310:114614. [PMID: 36084768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The determination of the electrostatic charge of biological nanoparticles requires a purified, mono-disperse, and concentrated sample. Previous studies proofed an impact of the preparation protocol on the stability and electro-hydrodynamics of viruses, whereas commonly used methods are often complex and do not allow the required sample throughput. In the present study, the application of the (I) steric exclusion chromatography (SXC) for the Orf virus (ORFV) purification and subsequent physicochemical characterization was evaluated and compared to (II) SXC followed by centrifugal diafiltration and (III) sucrose cushion ultracentrifugation. The three methods were characterized in terms of protein removal, size distribution, infectious virus recovery, visual appearance, and electrophoretic mobility as a function of pH. All preparation techniques achieved a protein removal of more than 99 %, and (I) an infectious ORFV recovery of more than 85 %. Monodisperse samples were realized by (I) and (III). In summary, ORFV samples prepared by (I) and (III) displayed comparable quality. Additionally, (I) offered the shortest operation time and easy application. Based on the obtained data, the three procedures were ranked according to eight criteria of possible practical relevance, which delineate the potential of SXC as virus preparation method for physicochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Eilts
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr.14, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Marleen Steger
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr.14, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Felix Pagallies
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hanns-Joachim Rziha
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Hardt
- Imaging Unit, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstraße 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralf Amann
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; PRiME Vector Technologies, Herrenberger Straße 24, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael W Wolff
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr.14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Dotto-Maurel A, Pelletier C, Morga B, Jacquot M, Faury N, Dégremont L, Bereszczynki M, Delmotte J, Escoubas JM, Chevignon G. Evaluation of tangential flow filtration coupled to long-read sequencing for ostreid herpesvirus type 1 genome assembly. Microb Genom 2022; 8:mgen000895. [PMID: 36355418 PMCID: PMC9836095 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing is widely used to better understand the transmission dynamics, the evolution and the emergence of new variants of viral pathogens. This can bring crucial information to stakeholders for disease management. Unfortunately, aquatic virus genomes are usually difficult to characterize because most of these viruses cannot be easily propagated in vitro. Developing methodologies for routine genome sequencing of aquatic viruses is timely given the ongoing threat of disease emergence. This is particularly true for pathogenic viruses infecting species of commercial interest that are widely exchanged between production basins or countries. For example, the ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) is a Herpesvirus widely associated with mass mortality events of juvenile Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Genomes of Herpesviruses are large and complex with long direct and inverted terminal repeats. In addition, OsHV-1 is unculturable. It therefore accumulates several features that make its genome sequencing and assembly challenging. To overcome these difficulties, we developed a tangential flow filtration (TFF) method to enrich OsHV-1 infective particles from infected host tissues. This virus purification allowed us to extract high molecular weight and high-quality viral DNA that was subjected to Illumina short-read and Nanopore long-read sequencing. Dedicated bioinformatic pipelines were developed to assemble complete OsHV-1 genomes with reads from both sequencing technologies. Nanopore sequencing allowed characterization of new structural variations and major viral isomers while having 99,98 % of nucleotide identity with the Illumina assembled genome. Our study shows that TFF-based purification method, coupled with Nanopore sequencing, is a promising approach to enable in field sequencing of unculturable aquatic DNA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean Delmotte
- IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, UPVD, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoubas
- IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, UPVD, F-34095 Montpellier, France,*Correspondence: Jean-Michel Escoubas,
| | - Germain Chevignon
- Ifremer, ASIM, F-17390 La Tremblade, France,*Correspondence: Germain Chevignon,
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Paterna A, Rao E, Adamo G, Raccosta S, Picciotto S, Romancino D, Noto R, Touzet N, Bongiovanni A, Manno M. Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles From Microalgae: A Renewable and Scalable Bioprocess. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836747. [PMID: 35360396 PMCID: PMC8963918 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as potent signal transducers among cells, with the potential to operate cross-species and cross-kingdom communication. Nanoalgosomes are a subtype of EVs recently identified and isolated from microalgae. Microalgae represent a natural bioresource with the capacity to produce several secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activities and commercial applications. The present study highlights the upstream and downstream processes required for the scalable production of nanoalgosomes from cultures of the marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii. Different technical parameters, protocols, and conditions were assessed to improve EVs isolation by tangential flow filtration (TFF), aiming to enhance sample purity and yield. The optimization of the overall bioprocess was enhanced by quality control checks operated through robust biophysical and biochemical characterizations. Further, we showed the possibility of recycling by TFF microalgae cells post-EVs isolation for multiple EV production cycles. The present results highlight the potential of nanoalgosome production as a scalable, cost-effective bioprocess suitable for diverse scientific and industrial exploitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Paterna
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Estella Rao
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Adamo
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Samuele Raccosta
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Picciotto
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Romancino
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosina Noto
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicolas Touzet
- Centre for Environmental Research Innovation and Sustainability, Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Touzet, ; Antonella Bongiovanni, ; Mauro Manno,
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Touzet, ; Antonella Bongiovanni, ; Mauro Manno,
| | - Mauro Manno
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Touzet, ; Antonella Bongiovanni, ; Mauro Manno,
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A scalable, integrated downstream process for production of a recombinant measles virus-vectored vaccine. Vaccine 2022; 40:1323-1333. [PMID: 35094870 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purification of very large and complex, enveloped viruses, such as measles virus is very challenging, it must be performed in a closed system because the final product cannot be sterile filtered and often loss of virus titer and poor product purity has been observed. We developed a purification process where the clarified and endonuclease treated culture supernatant is loaded on a restricted access chromatography medium where small impurities are bound and the virus is collected in the flow-through, which is then concentrated, and buffer exchanged by ultra/diafiltration. Up to 98.5% of host cell proteins could be captured by direct loading of clarified and endonuclease treated cell culture supernatant. Reproducible process performance and scalability of the chromatography step were demonstrated from small to pilot scale, including loading volumes from 50 mL up to 9 L. A 10-fold virus concentration was achieved by the ultrafiltration using a 100 kDa flat-sheet membrane. The order of individual process steps had a large impact on the virus infectivity and total process yields. The developed process maintained virus infectivity and is twice as fast as the traditional process train, where concentration is performed before loading on the chromatography column. Capturing impurities by the restricted access medium makes it a platform purification process with a high flexibility, which can be easily and quickly adapted to other vectors based on the measles virus vector platform.
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8
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A Combined Ultrafiltration/Diafiltration Process for the Purification of Oncolytic Measles Virus. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020105. [PMID: 35207027 PMCID: PMC8880582 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) is an important representative of a new class of cancer therapeutics known as oncolytic viruses. However, process intensification for the downstream purification of this fragile product is challenging. We previously found that a mid-range molecular weight cut-off (300 kDa) is optimal for the concentration of MV. Here, we tested continuous and discontinuous diafiltration for the purification of MV prepared in two different media to determine the influence of high and low protein loads. We found that a concentration step before diafiltration improved process economy and MV yield when using either serum-containing or serum-free medium. We also found that discontinuous diafiltration conferred a slight benefit in terms of the permeate flow, reflecting the repetitive dilution steps and the ability to break down parts of the fouling layer on the membrane. In summary, the combined ultrafiltration/diafiltration process is suitable for the purification of MV, resulting in the recovery of ~50% infectious virus particles with a total concentration factor of 8 when using 5 diavolumes of buffer.
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Johnson TF, Jones K, Iacoviello F, Turner S, Jackson NB, Zourna K, Welsh JH, Shearing PR, Hoare M, Bracewell DG. Liposome Sterile Filtration Characterization via X-ray Computed Tomography and Confocal Microscopy. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110905. [PMID: 34832134 PMCID: PMC8620169 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two high resolution, 3D imaging techniques were applied to visualize and characterize sterilizing grade dual-layer filtration of liposomes, enabling membrane structure to be related with function and performance. Two polyethersulfone membranes with nominal retention ratings of 650 nm and 200 nm were used to filter liposomes of an average diameter of 143 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.1. Operating conditions including differential pressure were evaluated. X-ray computed tomography at a pixel size of 63 nm was capable of resolving the internal geometry of each membrane. The respective asymmetry and symmetry of the upstream and downstream membranes could be measured, with pore network modeling used to identify pore sizes as a function of distance through the imaged volume. Reconstructed 3D digital datasets were the basis of tortuous flow simulation through each porous structure. Confocal microscopy visualized liposome retention within each membrane using fluorescent dyes, with bacterial challenges also performed. It was found that increasing pressure drop from 0.07 MPa to 0.21 MPa resulted in differing fluorescent retention profiles in the upstream membrane. These results highlighted the capability for complementary imaging approaches to deepen understanding of liposome sterilizing grade filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F. Johnson
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (T.F.J.); (M.H.)
| | - Kyle Jones
- Pall Corporation 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth PO6 4BQ, UK; (K.J.); (S.T.); (N.B.J.); (K.Z.); (J.H.W.)
| | - Francesco Iacoviello
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; (F.I.); (P.R.S.)
| | - Stephen Turner
- Pall Corporation 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth PO6 4BQ, UK; (K.J.); (S.T.); (N.B.J.); (K.Z.); (J.H.W.)
| | - Nigel B. Jackson
- Pall Corporation 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth PO6 4BQ, UK; (K.J.); (S.T.); (N.B.J.); (K.Z.); (J.H.W.)
| | - Kalliopi Zourna
- Pall Corporation 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth PO6 4BQ, UK; (K.J.); (S.T.); (N.B.J.); (K.Z.); (J.H.W.)
| | - John H. Welsh
- Pall Corporation 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth PO6 4BQ, UK; (K.J.); (S.T.); (N.B.J.); (K.Z.); (J.H.W.)
| | - Paul R. Shearing
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; (F.I.); (P.R.S.)
| | - Mike Hoare
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (T.F.J.); (M.H.)
| | - Daniel G. Bracewell
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (T.F.J.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-20-7679-2374
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Maguire NAP, Ebrahimi M, Fan R, Gießelmann S, Ehlen F, Schütz S, Czermak P. Influence of Ceramic Membrane Surface Characteristics on the Flux Behavior of a Complex Fermentation Broth. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:402. [PMID: 34071382 PMCID: PMC8229547 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11060402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The valorization of agro-industrial residues using yeasts as biocatalysts requires efficient methods for biomass separation. Filtration with ceramic membranes is suitable for this task, however, the challenge of flux decline and the unavoidable cleaning must be taken into account. We investigated the filtration of fermentation broth and its components using tubular microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes, and hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membranes, with cut-offs of 30 and 200 nm. The steady-state flux was limited by fouling under comparable wall shear stress conditions but increased when the wall shear stress was higher. Single-component filtration with two 30 nm tubular ultrafiltration membranes, whose average surface roughness ranged from 1.0 to 3.9 µm, showed that smoother surfaces experience less biomass fouling under more intense hydrodynamic conditions. Furthermore, we showed experimentally and by scanning electron microscopy in filtration with 30 nm tubular membranes that the thickness of the first separation layer is responsible for the degree of irreversible resistance caused by the deposition of organic material in the membrane pores. The thickness of this layer should therefore be minimized without compromising mechanical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas A. P. Maguire
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (N.A.P.M.); (M.E.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Project Group Bioresources, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Ebrahimi
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (N.A.P.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Rong Fan
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (N.A.P.M.); (M.E.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Project Group Bioresources, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Gießelmann
- MANN+HUMMEL GmbH, 71636 Ludwigsburg, Germany; (S.G.); (F.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Frank Ehlen
- MANN+HUMMEL GmbH, 71636 Ludwigsburg, Germany; (S.G.); (F.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Steffen Schütz
- MANN+HUMMEL GmbH, 71636 Ludwigsburg, Germany; (S.G.); (F.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (N.A.P.M.); (M.E.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Project Group Bioresources, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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11
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Birrenbach O, Faust F, Ebrahimi M, Fan R, Czermak P. Recovery and Purification of Protein Aggregates From Cell Lysates Using Ceramic Membranes: Fouling Analysis and Modeling of Ultrafiltration. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2021.656345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of membrane fouling provides valuable information about the performance and operational range of filtration processes. The range of operational parameters for the purification and concentration of protein aggregates from cell lysates by ultrafiltration is determined by evaluating the filtration resistances. We therefore investigated the cross-flow ultrafiltration of ovalbumin (OVA) aggregates with a mean size of 304 nm using a 50 nm cut-off ceramic membrane. We observed a 90% decline in flux within the first 10 min of filtration, demanding an in-depth analysis of membrane fouling. Resistance-in-series analysis revealed that the main filtration resistance originated from the cell lysate in the feed solution. Flux decline was monitored at different transmembrane pressures (TMPs) and concentrations for the most significant fouling phenomenon, indicating that the intermediate pore blocking model correlated best with the observed filtration data. The TMP for purification and concentration was set at 1.5 bar based on the prediction of a limited, mostly pressure-independent flux of 12 L·m−2·h−1 for solutions with an OVA aggregate concentration of 0.5 g·L−1. Higher pressure increased the filtration performance only slightly, but led to a linear increase in filtration resistance. A 10-fold variation in protein aggregate concentration strongly influenced filtration performance, with higher protein concentrations increasing the filtration resistance by 413% and causing an 85% decline in flux.
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12
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Lasareishvili B, Shi H, Wang X, Hillstead KD, Tediashvili M, Jaiani E, Tarabara VV. Virus recovery by tangential flow filtration: A model to guide the design of a sample concentration process. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3080. [PMID: 32985140 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple model is developed to describe the instantaneous (rv ) and cumulative (Rv ) recovery of viruses from water during sample concentration by tangential flow filtration in the regime of constant water recovery, r. A figure of merit, M = rv r, is proposed as an aggregate performance metric that captures both the efficiency of virus recovery and the speed of sample concentration. We derive an expression for virus concentration in the sample as a function of filtration time with the rate-normalized virus loss, η = 1 - r v r , as a parameter. A practically relevant case is considered when the rate of virus loss is proportional to the permeation-driven mass flux of viruses to the membrane: d m ad dt ∼ Q p C f ≫ Q p C p . In this scenario, the instantaneous recovery is constant, the cumulative recovery is decreasing as a power function of time, R v = 1 - Q p V 0 t η , η mediates the trade-off between r and rv , and M is maximized at r = r opt = 1 2 η . The proposed model can guide the design of the sample concentration process and serve as a framework for quantification and interlaboratory comparison of experimental data on virus recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besarion Lasareishvili
- School of Engineering and Technologies, Agricultural University of Georgia, Kakha Bendukidze University Campus, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Xunhao Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kyle D Hillstead
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Marina Tediashvili
- Giorgi Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ekaterine Jaiani
- Giorgi Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Volodymyr V Tarabara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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