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Daher M, Haykal G, Aoun M, Moussallem M, Ghoul A, Tarchichi J, Sebaaly A. Pulsed lavage in joint arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Orthop 2024; 15:293-301. [PMID: 38596185 PMCID: PMC10999965 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i3.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee and hip osteoarthritis affects millions of people around the world and is expected to rise even more in frequency as the population ages. Joint arthroplasty is the surgical management of choice in these articulations. Heterotopic ossification and radiolucent lines formation are two frequent problems faced in hip and knee replacements respectively. Some studies show that the usage of pulsed lavage may prevent their formation. AIM To compare pulsed lavage to standard lavage in joint arthroplasty. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar (page 1-20) were searched till December 2023. Only comparative studies were included. The clinical outcomes evaluated were the heterotopic ossification formation in hip replacements, radiolucent lines formation, and functional knee scores in knee replacements. RESULTS Four studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Pulsed lavage was shown to reduce the formation of radiolucent lines (P = 0.001). However, no difference was seen in the remaining outcomes. CONCLUSION Pulsed lavage reduced the formation of radiolucent lines in knee replacements. No difference was seen in the remaining outcomes. Furthermore, the clinical significance of these radiolucent lines is poorly understood. Better conducted randomized controlled studies and cost-effectivity studies are needed to reinforce these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Daher
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Gaby Haykal
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Marven Aoun
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Marc Moussallem
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Ali Ghoul
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Jean Tarchichi
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
| | - Amer Sebaaly
- Department of Orthopedics, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1001, Lebanon
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Mathey E, Heimbrook A, Carpenter RD, Kelly CN, Gall K. Finite element modeling of the free boundary effect on gyroid additively manufactured samples. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38469869 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2326929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
There is a significant need for models that can capture the mechanical behavior of complex porous lattice architectures produced by 3D printing. The free boundary effect is an experimentally observed behavior of lattice architectures including the gyroid triply periodic minimal surface where the number of unit cell repeats has been shown to influence the mechanical performance of the lattice. The purpose of this study is to use finite element modeling to investigate how architecture porosity, unit cell size, and sample size dictate mechanical behavior. Samples with varying porosity and increasing number of unit cells (relative to sample size) were modeled under an axial compressive load to determine the effective modulus. The finite element model captured the free boundary effect and captured experimental trends in the structure's modulus. The findings of this study show that samples with higher porosity are more susceptible to the impact of the free boundary effect and in some samples, the modulus can be 20% smaller in samples with smaller numbers of unit cell repeats within a given sample boundary. The outcomes from this study provide a deeper understanding of the gyroid structure and the implications of design choices including porosity, unit cell size, and overall sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mathey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of CO Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Amanda Heimbrook
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R D Carpenter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of CO Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Ken Gall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Technology, restor3d Inc, Durham, NC, USA
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Yang Z, Cui C, Zhou Z, Zheng Z, Yan S, Liu H, Qu F, Zhang K. Effect of midsole hardness and surface type cushioning on landing impact in heel-strike runners. J Biomech 2024; 165:111996. [PMID: 38377740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.111996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
High loading impact associated with heel strikes causes running injuries. This study aimed to investigate how loading impact is affected by midsole hardness and running surface type. Twelve young rear-foot runners ran at a fixed speed along an 18 m runway wearing shoes with different midsole hardness (Asker C-45, C-50, C-55, C-60, from soft to hard) and on two different surfaces (rubber and concrete). We quantified vertical average loading rate (VALR) and vertical impact peak force (VIPF). We conducted midsole × surface repeated-measures ANOVA on loading impact measures, and one-sample t-tests to compare VALR with a threshold value (80 BW·s-1). Midsole hardness and surface type mainly affected VALR. Although no significant effect of these variables was observed for VIPF magnitude, there were effects on time to VIPF and steps with VIPF. Several combinations of midsole and surface hardness reduced VALR below 80 BW·s-1: Asker C-45 with both surfaces, and Asker C-50 with a rubber surface. The combination of softer midsole and surface effectively reduced loading rates as shown by increased time to VIPF and reduced VALR. Combining softer midsole and surface results in the greatest cushioning, which demonstrates the benefit of considering both factors in reducing running injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- Fashion Accessory Art and Engineering College, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Biomechanics Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyi Cui
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyi Zheng
- Anta (China) Co., Ltd. Anta Sports Science Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Songhua Yan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Qu
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Nitiwarangkul L, Hongku N, Pattanaprateep O, Rattanasiri S, Woratanarat P, Thakkinstian A. Which approach of total hip arthroplasty is the best efficacy and least complication? World J Orthop 2024; 15:73-93. [PMID: 38293261 PMCID: PMC10824060 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty is as an effective intervention to relieve pain and improve hip function. Approaches of the hip have been exhaustively explored about pros and cons. The efficacy and the complications of hip approaches remains inconclusive. This study conducted an umbrella review to systematically appraise previous meta-analysis (MAs) including conventional posterior approach (PA), and minimally invasive surgeries as the lateral approach (LA), direct anterior approach (DAA), 2-incisions method, mini-lateral approach and the newest technique direct superior approach (DSA) or supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip (SuperPath). AIM To compare the efficacy and complications of hip approaches that have been published in all MAs and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS MAs were identified from MEDLINE and Scopus from inception until 2023. RCTs were then updated from the latest MA to September 2023. This study included studies which compared hip approaches and reported at least one outcome such as Harris Hip Score (HHS), dislocation, intra-operative fracture, wound complication, nerve injury, operative time, operative blood loss, length of hospital stay, incision length and VAS pain. Data were independently selected, extracted and assessed by two reviewers. Network MA and cluster rank and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) were estimated for treatment efficacy and safety. RESULTS Finally, twenty-eight MAs (40 RCTs), and 13 RCTs were retrieved. In total 47 RCTs were included for reanalysis. The results of corrected covered area showed high degree (13.80%). Among 47 RCTs, most of the studies were low risk of bias in part of random process and outcome reporting, while other domains were medium to high risk of bias. DAA significantly provided higher HHS at three months than PA [pooled unstandardized mean difference (USMD): 3.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 6.00 with SUCRA: 85.9], followed by DSA/SuperPath (USMD: 1.57, 95%CI: -1.55, 4.69 with SUCRA: 57.6). All approaches had indifferent dislocation and intraoperative fracture rates. SUCRA comparing early functional outcome and composite complications (dislocation, intra-operative fracture, wound complication, and nerve injury) found DAA was the best approach followed by DSA/SuperPath. CONCLUSION DSA/SuperPath had better earlier functional outcome than PA, but still could not overcome the result of DAA. This technique might be the other preferred option with acceptable complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lertkong Nitiwarangkul
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Orthopaedics Surgery, Police General Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthapong Hongku
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindrahiraj University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Oraluck Pattanaprateep
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sasivimol Rattanasiri
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Patarawan Woratanarat
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Miah MS, Rahman MM, Hoque MA, Ibrahim SM, Sultan M, Shamshiri RR, Ucgul M, Hasan M, Barna TN. Design and evaluation of a power tiller vegetable seedling transplanter with dibbler and furrow type. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17827. [PMID: 37533994 PMCID: PMC10392037 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetable production plays a vital role in ensuring food security in Bangladesh. However, the majority of vegetable seedlings are currently transplanted manually, which is not only time-consuming but also labor-intensive and costly. In this context, a semi-automated transplanter can be considered as an alternative solution for mechanized seedling transplanting. To mechanize seedling operations, two types of transplanters were designed, fabricated and tested: the power tiller-operated semi-automatic dibbler vegetable seedling (DVS) transplanter and the furrow opener vegetable seedling (FVS) transplanter. The goal was to evaluate their performance and impact on field crop productivity. In the DVS transplanter design, the larger sprocket was adjusted to enhance the precision of hole-making by pressing the dibbler into the soil, creating holes where seedlings would be transplanted. On the other hand, the FVS transplanter utilized a furrow opener to create furrows, and the seedling is placed in these furrow at a specific distance from the furrow opener wall, where the distance between seedlings within the furrow could be adjusted based on the specific requirements of the seedling crop. The results of the evaluation indicated that both transplanters successfully planted seedlings without any missing placements, while hole covering was achieved at 115 and 118.2% for the DVS and FVS transplanters, respectively. The field capacity and field efficiency for both transplanters were determined to be 0.05 ha h-1 and 61.18%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation of 5% or less. Field tests conducted with brinjal crops at a forward speed of 1.2 km h-1 and a spacing of 0.7 × 0.6 m demonstrated that both designs yielded higher yield productivity compared to manual transplantation. Additionally, no issues related to vegetative development were observed. Both transplanters exhibited promising performance and significant potential in terms of accurately transplanting seedlings, and ensuring satisfactory transplantation quality. Furthermore, these transplanters offer several advantages, including less time-consuming, lower labor demands and even distribution of seedlings. This design encourages small to medium-level farmers seeking to engage in mechanized vegetable farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sumon Miah
- Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mashiur Rahman
- Agricultural Engineering Division, Pulses Research Center & Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, 6620, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Arshadul Hoque
- Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Sobhy M. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sultan
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Redmond R. Shamshiri
- Department of Engineering for Crop Production, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mustafa Ucgul
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Mahedi Hasan
- Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Tasneem Nahar Barna
- Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
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Alzahrani AY, Al Tuwirqi AA, Bamashmous NO, Bakhsh TA, El Ashiry EA. Non-Destructive In Vitro Evaluation of an Internal Adaptation of Recent Pulp-Capping Materials in Permanent Teeth Using OCT and Micro-CT. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1318. [PMID: 37628317 PMCID: PMC10453480 DOI: 10.3390/children10081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the internal adaptation of various pulp-capping materials, namely TheraCal, Biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), on the dentin of permanent teeth through the utilization of micro-computed tomography (MCT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thirty permanent molars were divided into three groups using a random process: group A (TheraCal), group B (Biodentine), and group C (MTA, which served as the control group). On the buccal surface of each tooth, a class V cavity of a standardized cylindrical shape was prepared. Subsequently, the respective pulp-capping material was applied to the cavity based on the assigned group, followed by restoration with composite resin. Based on the MCT results, it was observed that group A had a considerably larger gap volume in comparison to groups B and C (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gap volume between groups B and C. Regarding the OCT findings, group A displayed a substantially higher level of light reflection than groups B and C (p < 0.001). Group C exhibited a significantly lower level of light reflection in comparison to group B (p < 0.001). Biodentine and MTA revealed similar outcomes in terms of how well they adhered to the dentinal surface in permanent teeth. Both materials exhibited superior performance in comparison to TheraCal. The utilization of OCT in clinical practice could be advantageous as it enables dentists to monitor and evaluate restorations during post-treatment follow-up. It is imperative to intensify efforts aimed at making OCT equipment more accessible and applicable, overcoming its current limitations, and allowing for its widespread utilization in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Y. Alzahrani
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Amani A. Al Tuwirqi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Nada O. Bamashmous
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Turki A. Bakhsh
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eman A. El Ashiry
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
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Țuculină MJ, Staicu AN, Munteanu MC, Cumpătă CN, Dimitriu B, Rîcă AM, Beznă MC, Popa DL, Popescu AD, Țîrcă T. Study on the Restoration of Class II Carious Cavities by Virtual Methods: Simulation of Mechanical Behavior. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:354. [PMID: 37504849 PMCID: PMC10381501 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The restoration of class II cavities is predominantly carried out with composite materials. Due to the high failure rate in restoring this type of cavity, composite materials with much-improved properties and new application techniques have been promoted. The study aimed to analyze the mechanical behavior of several topical composite materials (nanocomposites, nanohybrids and ormocer) using different application techniques. In a lower second molar, a class II occlusal cavity was prepared. As filling materials, we used the following combinations: Admira Fusion and Admira Fusion Flow, Grandio and Grandio Flow, Filtek Supreme XT and Filtek Supreme Flow. These were applied using a snow plow, injection molded and Bichacho techniques. Three-dimensional scanning of the molar with the prepared cavity was performed, and then scanning of each layer of added composite material was performed, obtaining three-dimensional models. The virtual molar models were analyzed with software specific to the finite element analysis method, where their physical-mechanical properties were entered and assigned to the components of the virtual molar. Simulations at high forces specific to bruxism were then carried out and analyzed, and compared. The values of displacements and strain, for all six analyzed situations, are relatively small (range from 5.25 × 10-6-3.21 × 10-5 for displacement, 6.22 × 10-3-4.34 × 10-3 for strain), which validates all three methods and the materials used. As far as the stress values are concerned, they are similar for all methods (250-300 MPa), except for the snow plow and injection-molded techniques using Grandio and Grandio Flow composites, where the maximum von Mises stress value was more than double (approximately 700 MPa). When using the combination of Grandio and Grandio Flow materials, the 1 mm thickness of the fluid composite layer was found to have a major influence on occlusal forces damping as opposed to 0.5 mm. Therefore, the Bichacho technique is indicated at the expense of the snow plow and injection-molded techniques. The composite materials used by us in this study are state-of-the-art, with clear indications for restoring cavities resulting from the treatment of carious lesions. However, their association and application technique in the case of Class II cavities is of clinical importance for resistance to masticatory forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Jana Țuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Adela Nicoleta Staicu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Cristina Munteanu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cristian Niky Cumpătă
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Titu Maiorescu of Bucharest, 67A Gheorghe Petrascu Str., 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Dimitriu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Rîcă
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Cristina Beznă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dragoș Laurențiu Popa
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dan Popescu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Țîrcă
- Department of Oro-Dental Prevention, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Sarfraz S, Tamminen AM, Leikola J, Salmi S, Kaakinen M, Sorsa T, Suojanen J, Reunanen J. High Adherence of Oral Streptococcus to Polylactic Acid Might Explain Implant Infections Associated with PLA Mesh Implantation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9504. [PMID: 37298455 PMCID: PMC10253304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the biofilm formation properties of common pathogens associated with implant-related infections on two different implant material types. Bacterial strains tested in this study were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli. Implant materials tested and compared were PLA Resorb × polymer of Poly DL-lactide (PDLLA) comprising 50% poly-L-lactic acid and 50% poly-D-lactic acid) and Ti grade 2 (tooled with a Planmeca CAD-CAM milling device). Biofilm assays were done with and without saliva treatment to evaluate the effect of saliva on bacterial adhesion and to mimic the intraoral and extraoral surgical routes of implant placement, respectively. Five specimens of each implant type were tested for each bacterial strain. Autoclaved material specimens were first treated with 1:1 saliva-PBS solution for 30 min, followed by washing of specimens and the addition of bacterial suspension. Specimens with bacterial suspension were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C for biofilm formation. After 24 h, non-adhered bacteria were removed, and specimens were washed, followed by removal and calculation of adhered bacterial biofilm. S. aureus and E. faecalis showed more attachment to Ti grade 2, whereas S. mutans showed higher adherence to PLA in a statistically significant manner. The salivary coating of specimens enhanced the bacterial attachment by all the bacterial strains tested. In conclusion, both implant materials showed significant levels of bacterial adhesion, but saliva treatment played a vital role in bacterial attachment, therefore, saliva contamination of the implant materials should be minimized and considered when placing implant materials inside the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sarfraz
- Biocenter Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Anni-Maria Tamminen
- Päijät-Häme Joint Authority for Health and Wellbeing, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lahti Central Hospital, 15850 Lahti, Finland;
| | - Junnu Leikola
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Centre, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Sonja Salmi
- Biocenter Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mika Kaakinen
- Biocenter Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.K.)
- Oulu Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Juho Suojanen
- Päijät-Häme Joint Authority for Health and Wellbeing, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lahti Central Hospital, 15850 Lahti, Finland;
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Centre, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Justus Reunanen
- Biocenter Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.K.)
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Hou Y, Deng B, Wang S, Ma Y, Long X, Wang F, Qin C, Liang C, Yao S. High-Strength, High-Water-Retention Hemicellulose-Based Hydrogel and Its Application in Urea Slow Release. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119208. [PMID: 37298162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of fertilizer is closely related to crop growth and environmental protection in agricultural production. It is of great significance to develop environmentally friendly and biodegradable bio-based slow-release fertilizers. In this work, porous hemicellulose-based hydrogels were created, which had excellent mechanical properties, water retention properties (the water retention ratio in soil was 93.8% after 5 d), antioxidant properties (76.76%), and UV resistance (92.2%). This improves the efficiency and potential of its application in soil. In addition, electrostatic interaction and coating with sodium alginate produced a stable core-shell structure. The slow release of urea was realized. The cumulative release ratio of urea after 12 h was 27.42% and 11.38%, and the release kinetic constants were 0.0973 and 0.0288, in aqueous solution and soil, respectively. The sustained release results demonstrated that urea diffusion in aqueous solution followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating the Fick diffusion mechanism, whereas diffusion in soil adhered to the Higuchi model. The outcomes show that urea release ratio may be successfully slowed down by hemicellulose hydrogels with high water retention ability. This provides a new method for the application of lignocellulosic biomass in agricultural slow-release fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Baojuan Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xing Long
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Zamudio-Ceja RB, Garcia-Contreras R, Chavez-Granados PA, Aranda-Herrera B, Alvarado-Garnica H, Jurado CA, Fischer NG. Decellularized Scaffolds of Nopal ( Opuntia Ficus-indica) for Bioengineering in Regenerative Dentistry. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050252. [PMID: 37233362 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Opuntia Ficus-indica, or nopal, is traditionally used for its medicinal properties in Mexico. This study aims to decellularize and characterize nopal (Opuntia Ficus-indica) scaffolds, assess their degradation and the proliferation of hDPSC, and determine potential pro-inflammatory effects by assessing the expression of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and 2). The scaffolds were decellularized using a 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution and confirmed by color, optical microscopy, and SEM. The degradation rates and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were determined by weight and solution absorbances using trypsin and PBS and tensile strength testing. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) primary cells were used for scaffold-cell interaction and proliferation assays, as well as an MTT assay to determine proliferation. Proinflammatory protein expression of COX-I and -II was discovered by Western blot assay, and the cultures were induced into a pro-inflammatory state with interleukin 1-β. The nopal scaffolds exhibited a porous structure with an average pore size of 252 ± 77 μm. The decellularized scaffolds showed a 57% reduction in weight loss during hydrolytic degradation and a 70% reduction during enzymatic degradation. There was no difference in tensile strengths between native and decellularized scaffolds (12.5 ± 1 and 11.8 ± 0.5 MPa). Furthermore, hDPSCs showed a significant increase in cell viability of 95% and 106% at 168 h for native and decellularized scaffolds, respectively. The combination of the scaffold and hDPSCs did not cause an increase in the expression of COX-1 and COX-2 proteins. However, when the combination was exposed to IL-1β, there was an increase in the expression of COX-2. This study demonstrates the potential application of nopal scaffolds in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine or dentistry, owing to their structural characteristics, degradation properties, mechanical properties, ability to induce cell proliferation, and lack of enhancement of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Betsabe Zamudio-Ceja
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures, and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Gto, Mexico
| | - Rene Garcia-Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures, and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Gto, Mexico
| | - Patricia Alejandra Chavez-Granados
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures, and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Gto, Mexico
| | - Benjamin Aranda-Herrera
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures, and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Gto, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alvarado-Garnica
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures, and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Gto, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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11
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Salaha ZFM, Ammarullah MI, Abdullah NNAA, Aziz AUA, Gan HS, Abdullah AH, Abdul Kadir MR, Ramlee MH. Biomechanical Effects of the Porous Structure of Gyroid and Voronoi Hip Implants: A Finite Element Analysis Using an Experimentally Validated Model. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093298. [PMID: 37176180 PMCID: PMC10179376 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is most likely one of the most successful surgical procedures in medicine. It is estimated that three in four patients live beyond the first post-operative year, so appropriate surgery is needed to alleviate an otherwise long-standing suboptimal functional level. However, research has shown that during a complete THA procedure, a solid hip implant inserted in the femur can damage the main arterial supply of the cortex and damage the medullary space, leading to cortical bone resorption. Therefore, this study aimed to design a porous hip implant with a focus on providing more space for better osteointegration, improving the medullary revascularisation and blood circulation of patients. Based on a review of the literature, a lightweight implant design was developed by applying topology optimisation and changing the materials of the implant. Gyroid and Voronoi lattice structures and a solid hip implant (as a control) were designed. In total, three designs of hip implants were constructed by using SolidWorks and nTopology software version 2.31. Point loads were applied at the x, y and z-axis to imitate the stance phase condition. The forces represented were x = 320 N, y = -170 N, and z = -2850 N. The materials that were used in this study were titanium alloys. All of the designs were then simulated by using Marc Mentat software version 2020 (MSC Software Corporation, Munich, Germany) via a finite element method. Analysis of the study on topology optimisation demonstrated that the Voronoi lattice structure yielded the lowest von Mises stress and displacement values, at 313.96 MPa and 1.50 mm, respectively, with titanium alloys as the materials. The results also indicate that porous hip implants have the potential to be implemented for hip implant replacement, whereby the mechanical integrity is still preserved. This result will not only help orthopaedic surgeons to justify the design choices, but could also provide new insights for future studies in biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zatul Faqihah Mohd Salaha
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory (BBL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Bioinspired Devices and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Imam Ammarullah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Nik Nur Ain Azrin Abdullah
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory (BBL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Bioinspired Devices and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Aishah Umairah Abd Aziz
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory (BBL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Bioinspired Devices and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hong-Seng Gan
- School of AI and Advanced Computing, XJTLU Entrepreneur College (Taicang), Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215400, China
| | - Abdul Halim Abdullah
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir
- Bioinspired Devices and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Medical Devices and Technology Centre (MEDiTEC), Institute of Human Centered Engineering (iHumEn), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hanif Ramlee
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory (BBL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Bioinspired Devices and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
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12
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Boda R, Lázár I, Keczánné-Üveges A, Bakó J, Tóth F, Trencsényi G, Kálmán-Szabó I, Béresová M, Sajtos Z, D Tóth E, Deák Á, Tóth A, Horváth D, Gaál B, Daróczi L, Dezső B, Ducza L, Hegedűs C. β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Modified Aerogel Containing PVA/Chitosan Hybrid Nanospun Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087562. [PMID: 37108742 PMCID: PMC10141662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning has recently been recognized as a potential method for use in biomedical applications such as nanofiber-based drug delivery or tissue engineering scaffolds. The present study aimed to demonstrate the electrospinning preparation and suitability of β-tricalcium phosphate-modified aerogel containing polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (BTCP-AE-FMs) for bone regeneration under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The mesh physicochemical properties included a 147 ± 50 nm fibrous structure, in aqueous media the contact angles were 64.1 ± 1.7°, and it released Ca, P, and Si. The viability of dental pulp stem cells on the BTCP-AE-FM was proven by an alamarBlue assay and with a scanning electron microscope. Critical-size calvarial defects in rats were performed as in vivo experiments to investigate the influence of meshes on bone regeneration. PET imaging using 18F-sodium fluoride standardized uptake values (SUVs) detected 7.40 ± 1.03 using polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (FMs) while 10.72 ± 1.11 with BTCP-AE-FMs after 6 months. New bone formations were confirmed by histological analysis. Despite a slight change in the morphology of the mesh because of cross-linking, the BTCP-AE-FM basically retained its fibrous, porous structure and hydrophilic and biocompatible character. Our experiments proved that hybrid nanospun scaffold composite mesh could be a new experimental bone substitute bioactive material in future medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Boda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Lázár
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Keczánné-Üveges
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Bakó
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Tóth
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Kálmán-Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Monika Béresová
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsófi Sajtos
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Etelka D Tóth
- Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Deák
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Tóth
- Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Horváth
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Botond Gaál
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Daróczi
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, 4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balázs Dezső
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Ducza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Naqvi SIZ, Kausar H, Afzal A, Hashim M, Mujahid H, Javed M, Hano C, Anjum S. Antifungal Activity of Juglans-regia-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Aspergillus-ochraceus-Induced Toxicity in In Vitro and In Vivo Settings. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040221. [PMID: 37103312 PMCID: PMC10141138 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins produced by some species of Aspergillus are considered secondary toxic fungal by-products in feeds and food. Over the past few decades, many experts have focused on preventing the production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus ochraceus and also reducing its toxicity. Applications of various nanomaterials in preventing the production of these toxic aflatoxins have received a lot of attention recently. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the protective impact of Juglans-regia-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Aspergillus-ochraceus-induced toxicity by exhibiting strong antifungal activity in in vitro (wheat seeds) and in vivo (Albino rats) settings. For the synthesis of AgNPs, the leaf extract of J. regia enriched with high phenolic (72.68 ± 2.13 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (18.89 ± 0.31 mg QE/g DW) contents was used. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized by various techniques, including TEM, EDX, FT-IR, and XRD, which revealed that the particles were spherical in shape with no agglomeration and fine particle size in the range of 16-20 nm. In vitro antifungal activity of AgNPs was tested on wheat grains by inhibiting the production of toxic aflatoxins by A. ochraceus. According to the results obtained from High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) analyses, there was a correlation between the concentration of AgNPs and a decrease in the production of aflatoxin G1, B1, and G2. For in vivo antifungal activity, Albino rats were administrated with different doses of AgNPs in five groups. The results indicated that the feed concentration of 50 µg/kg feed of AgNPs was more effective in improving the disturbed levels of different functional parameters of the liver (alanine transaminase (ALT): 54.0 ± 3.79 U/L and aspartate transaminase (AST): 206 ± 8.69 U/L) and kidney (creatinine 0.49 ± 0.020 U/L and BUN 35.7 ± 1.45 U/L), as well as the lipid profile (LDL 22.3 ± 1.45 U/L and HDL 26.3 ± 2.33 U/L). Furthermore, the histopathological analysis of various organs also revealed that the production of aflatoxins was successfully inhibited by AgNPs. It was concluded that the harmful effects of aflatoxins produced by A. ochraceus can be successfully neutralized by using J. regia-mediated AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Itrat Zahra Naqvi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, 92-Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Humera Kausar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, 92-Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Arooj Afzal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mariam Hashim
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, 92-Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Huma Mujahid
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Javed
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Christophe Hano
- Department of Chemical Biology, Eure & Loir Campus, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France
| | - Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, 92-Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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14
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Wang Z, Meng X, Zhao Z, Chen C, Yu H. Effect of Nano Nd 2O 3 on the Microstructure and High-Temperature Resistance of G@Ni Laser Alloying Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1112. [PMID: 36986006 PMCID: PMC10053207 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are widely used in high-end manufacturing fields. However, their low high-temperature oxidation resistance has limited their further application. Recently, laser alloying processing has attracted researchers to improve the surface properties of Ti, for which Ni coated graphite system is an excellent prospect due to its outstanding properties and metallurgical bonding between coating and substrate. In this paper, nanoscaled rare earth oxide Nd2O3 addition was added to Ni coated graphite laser alloying materials to research its influence on the microstructure and high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating. The results proved that nano-Nd2O3 has an outstanding effect on refining coating microstructures, thus the high-temperature oxidation resistance was improved. Furthermore, with the addition of 1. 5 wt.% nano-Nd2O3, more NiO formed in the oxide film, which effectively strengthened the protective effect of the film. After 100 h of 800 °C oxidation, the oxidation weight gain per unit area of the normal coating was 14.571 mg/cm2, while that of the coating with nano-Nd2O3 addition was 6.244 mg/cm2, further proving that the addition of nano-Nd2O3 substantially improved the high-temperature oxidation properties of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, and National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, and Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Superhard Material, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Xiaoxi Meng
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, and Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Superhard Material, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhihuan Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chuanzhong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, and Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Superhard Material, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Huijun Yu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, and National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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15
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Ammarullah MI, Hartono R, Supriyono T, Santoso G, Sugiharto S, Permana MS. Polycrystalline Diamond as a Potential Material for the Hard-on-Hard Bearing of Total Hip Prosthesis: Von Mises Stress Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030951. [PMID: 36979930 PMCID: PMC10045939 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to polymeric wear debris causing osteolysis from polymer, metal ions causing metallosis from metal, and brittle characteristic causing fracture failure from ceramic in the application on bearing of total hip prosthesis requires the availability of new material options as a solution to these problems. Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) has the potential to become the selected material for hard-on-hard bearing in view of its advantages in terms of mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The present study contributes to confirming the potential of PCD to replace metals and ceramics for hard-on-hard bearing through von Mises stress investigations. A computational simulation using a 2D axisymmetric finite element model of hard-on-hard bearing under gait loading has been performed. The percentage of maximum von Mises stress to respective yield strength from PCD-on-PCD is the lowest at 2.47%, with CoCrMo (cobalt chromium molybdenum)-on-CoCrMo at 10.79%, and Al2O3 (aluminium oxide)-on-Al2O3 at 13.49%. This confirms that the use of PCD as a hard-on-hard bearing material is the safest option compared to the investigated metal and ceramic hard-on-hard bearings from the mechanical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imam Ammarullah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rachmad Hartono
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Toto Supriyono
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Gatot Santoso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - S Sugiharto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muki Satya Permana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
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16
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Functionalization of 3D-Printed Titanium Scaffolds with Elastin-like Recombinamers to Improve Cell Colonization and Osteoinduction. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030872. [PMID: 36986732 PMCID: PMC10055514 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3D printing of titanium (Ti) offers countless possibilities for the development of personalized implants with suitable mechanical properties for different medical applications. However, the poor bioactivity of Ti is still a challenge that needs to be addressed to promote scaffold osseointegration. The aim of the present study was to functionalize Ti scaffolds with genetically modified elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), synthetic polymeric proteins containing the elastin epitopes responsible for their mechanical properties and for promoting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation to ultimately increase scaffold osseointegration. To this end, ELRs containing specific cell-adhesive (RGD) and/or osteoinductive (SNA15) moieties were covalently attached to Ti scaffolds. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and colonization were enhanced on those scaffolds functionalized with RGD-ELR, while differentiation was promoted on those with SNA15-ELR. The combination of both RGD and SNA15 into the same ELR stimulated cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, although at lower levels than those for every single moiety. These results suggest that biofunctionalization with SNA15-ELRs could modulate the cellular response to improve the osseointegration of Ti implants. Further investigation on the amount and distribution of RGD and SNA15 moieties in ELRs could improve cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to the present study.
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Woo S, Lee Y, Sun D. A Pilot Experiment to Measure the Initial Mechanical Stability of the Femoral Head Implant in a Cadaveric Model of Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head Involving up to 50% of the Remaining Femoral Head. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030508. [PMID: 36984509 PMCID: PMC10051982 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Currently, only patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), who had bone defects involving 30–33.3% of the remaining femoral head, are indicated in hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA). In an experimental cadaver model of ONFH involving up to 50% of the remaining femoral head, the initial stability of the femoral head implant (FHI) at the interface between the implant and the remaining femoral head was measured. Materials and Methods: The ten specimens and the remaining ten served as the experimental group and the control group, respectively. We examined the degree of the displacement of the FHI, the bonding strength between the FHI and the retained bone and that at the interface between the FHI and bone cement. Results: Changes in the degree of displacement at the final phase from the initial phase were calculated as 0.089 ± 0.036 mm in the experimental group and 0.083 ± 0.056 mm in the control group. However, this difference reached no statistical significance (p = 0.7789). Overall, there was an increase in the degree of displacement due to the loading stress, with increased loading cycles in both groups. In cycles of up to 6000 times, there was a steep increase. After cycles of 8000 times, however, there was a gradual increase. Moreover, in cycles of up to 8000 times, there was an increase in the difference in the degree of displacement due to the loading stress between the two groups. After cycles of 8000 times, however, such difference remained almost unchanged. Conclusions: In conclusion, orthopedic surgeons could consider performing the HRA in patients with ONFH where the bone defects involved up to 50% of the remaining femoral head, without involving the femoral head–neck junction in the anterior and superior area of the femoral head. However, more evidence-based studies are warranted to justify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Doohoon Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-422-208-460; Fax: +82-422-208-464
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18
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Tauviqirrahman M, Ammarullah MI, Jamari J, Saputra E, Winarni TI, Kurniawan FD, Shiddiq SA, van der Heide E. Analysis of contact pressure in a 3D model of dual-mobility hip joint prosthesis under a gait cycle. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3564. [PMID: 36864170 PMCID: PMC9981612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hip joint prostheses are used to replace hip joint function in the human body. The latest dual-mobility hip joint prosthesis has an additional component of an outer liner that acts as a cover for the liner component. Research on the contact pressure generated on the latest model of a dual-mobility hip joint prosthesis under a gait cycle has never been done before. The model is made of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) on the inner liner and 316L stainless steel (SS 316L) on the outer liner and acetabular cup. Simulation modeling using the finite element method is considered static loading with an implicit solver for studying the geometric parameter design of dual-mobility hip joint prostheses. In this study, simulation modeling was carried out by applying varying inclination angles of 30°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 60°, and 70° to the acetabular cup component. Three-dimensional loads were placed on femoral head reference points with variations of femoral head diameter used at 22 mm, 28 mm, and 32 mm. The results in the inner surface of the inner liner, the outer surface of the outer liner, and the inner surface of the acetabular cup showed that the variations in inclination angle do not have a major effect on the maximum contact pressure value on the liner component, where the acetabular cup with an inclination angle of 45° can reduce contact pressure more than the other studied inclination angle variations. In addition, it was found that the 22 mm diameter of the femoral head increases the contact pressure. The use of a larger diameter femoral head with an acetabular cup configuration at a 45° inclination can minimize the risk of implant failure due to wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tauviqirrahman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia.
| | - Muhammad Imam Ammarullah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung, 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung, 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering and Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - J Jamari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering and Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Eko Saputra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Semarang State Polytechnic, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Tri Indah Winarni
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering and Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Febri Dwi Kurniawan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering and Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Shidnan Amir Shiddiq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering and Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Emile van der Heide
- Department of Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces and Systems (MS3), Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Postbox 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Postbox 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Hulka I, Mirza-Rosca JC, Buzdugan D, Saceleanu A. Microstructure and Mechanical Characteristics of Ti-Ta Alloys before and after NaOH Treatment and Their Behavior in Simulated Body Fluid. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1943. [PMID: 36903057 PMCID: PMC10003825 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-xTa (x = 5%, 15%, and 25% wt. Ta) alloys produced by using an induced furnace by the cold crucible levitation fusion technique were investigated and compared. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The alloys present a microstructure characterized by the α' lamellar structure in a matrix of the transformed β phase. From the bulk materials, the samples for the tensile tests were prepared and based on the results and the elastic modulus was calculated by deducting the lowest values for the Ti-25Ta alloy. Moreover, a surface alkali treatment functionalization was performed using 10 M NaOH. The microstructure of the new developed films on the surface of the Ti-xTa alloys was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the chemical analysis revealed the formation of sodium titanate and sodium tantanate along with titanium and tantalum oxides. Using low loads, the Vickers hardness test revealed increased hardness values for the alkali-treated samples. After exposure to simulated body fluid, phosphorus and calcium were identified on the surface of the new developed film, indicating the development of apatite. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by open cell potential measurements in simulated body fluid before and after NaOH treatment. The tests were performed at 22 °C as well as at 40 °C, simulating fever. The results show that the Ta content has a detrimental effect on the investigated alloys' microstructure, hardness, elastic modulus, and corrosion behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Hulka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute for Renewable Energy, Politehnica University Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300774 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Julia Claudia Mirza-Rosca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Dragos Buzdugan
- Department of Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Politehnica University Timișoara, Piața Victoriei, No. 2, 300006 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Adriana Saceleanu
- Medicine Faculty, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
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20
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Gehrke SA, Scarano A, Cortellari GC, Fernandes GVO, Mesquita AMM, Bianchini MA. Marginal Bone Level and Biomechanical Behavior of Titanium-Indexed Abutment Base of Conical Connection Used for Single Ceramic Crowns on Morse-Taper Implant: A Clinical Retrospective Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030128. [PMID: 36976052 PMCID: PMC10057670 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the behavior of Morse-taper indexed abutments by analyzing the marginal bone level (MBL) after at least 12 months of function. Patients rehabilitated with single ceramic crowns between May 2015 and December 2020 received single Morse-taper connection implants (DuoCone implant) with two-piece straight abutment baseT used for at least 12 months, presenting periapical radiograph immediately after crown installation were enrolled. The position of the rehabilitated tooth and arch (maxilla or mandible), crown installation period, implant dimensions, abutment transmucosal height, installation site (immediate implant placement or healed area), associated with bone regeneration, immediate provisionalization, and complications after installation of the final crown were analyzed. The initial and final MBL was evaluated by comparing the initial and final X-rays. The level of significance was α = 0.05. Seventy-five patients (49 women and 26 men) enrolled had a mean period of evaluation of 22.7 ± 6.2 months. Thirty-one implant-abutment (IA) sets had between 12–18 months, 34 between 19–24 months, and 44 between 25–33 months. Only one patient failed due to an abutment fracture after 25 months of function. Fifty-eight implants were placed in the maxilla (53.2%) and 51 in the mandible (46.8%). Seventy-four implants were installed in healed sites (67.9%), and 35 were in fresh socket sites (32.1%). Thirty-two out of these 35 implants placed in fresh sockets had the gap filled with bone graft particles. Twenty-six implants received immediate provisionalization. The average MBL was −0.67 ± 0.65 mm in mesial and −0.70 ± 0.63 mm in distal (p = 0.5072). The most important finding was the statistically significant difference comparing the values obtained for MBL between the abutments with different transmucosal height portions, which were better for abutments with heights greater than 2.5 mm. Regarding the abutments’ diameter, 58 had 3.5 mm (53.2%) and 51 had 4.5 mm (46.8%). There was no statistical difference between them, with the following means and standard deviation, respectively, −0.57 ± 0.53 mm (mesial) and −0.66 ± 0.50 mm (distal), and −0.78 ± 0.75 mm (mesial) and −0.746 ± 0.76 mm (distal). Regarding the implant dimensions, 24 implants were 3.5 mm (22%), and 85 implants (78%) had 4.0 mm. In length, 51 implants had 9 mm (46.8%), 25 had 11 mm (22.9%), and 33 implants were 13 mm (30.3%). There was no statistical difference between the abutment diameters (p > 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it was possible to conclude that better behavior and lesser marginal bone loss were observed when using abutment heights greater than 2.5 mm of transmucosal portion and when placed implants with 13 mm length. Furthermore, this type of abutment showed a little incidence of failures within the period analyzed in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alexandre Gehrke
- Department of Research, Bioface/PgO/UCAM, Calle Cuareim 1483, Montevideo 11100, Uruguay
- Instituto de Bioingenieria, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. Ferrocarril s/n., 03202 Elche, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (S.A.G.); (G.V.O.F.); Tel./Fax: +598-29015634 (S.A.G.)
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Research, Bioface/PgO/UCAM, Calle Cuareim 1483, Montevideo 11100, Uruguay
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine Department, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (S.A.G.); (G.V.O.F.); Tel./Fax: +598-29015634 (S.A.G.)
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Bianchini
- Post-Graduate Program in Implant Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
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Segi N, Nakashima H, Shinjo R, Kagami Y, Machino M, Ito S, Ouchida J, Morishita K, Oishi R, Yamauchi I, Imagama S. Vertebral Endplate Concavity in Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Tapered 3D-Printed Porous Titanium Cage versus Squared PEEK Cage. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020372. [PMID: 36837573 PMCID: PMC9967078 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To prevent postoperative problems in extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF), it is critical that the vertebral endplate not be injured. Unintentional endplate injuries may depend on the cage. A novel porous titanium cage for XLIF has improved geometry with a tapered tip and smooth surface. We hypothesized that this new cage should lead to fewer endplate injuries. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 32 patients (mean 74.1 ± 6.7 years, 22 females) who underwent anterior and posterior combined surgery with XLIF for lumbar degenerative disease or adult spinal deformity from January 2018 to June 2022. A tapered 3D porous titanium cage (3DTi; 11 patients) and a squared PEEK cage (sPEEK; 21 patients) were used. Spinal alignment values were measured on X-ray images. Vertebral endplate concavity (VEC) was defined as concavity ≥ 1 mm of the endplate on computed tomography (CT) images, which were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week and 3 months postoperatively. Results: There were no significant differences in the patient demographic data and preoperative and 3-month postoperative spinal alignments between the groups. A 3DTi was used for 25 levels and an sPEEK was used for 38 levels. Preoperative local lordotic angles were 4.3° for 3DTi vs. 4.7° for sPEEK (p = 0.90), which were corrected to 12.3° and 9.1° (p = 0.029), respectively. At 3 months postoperatively, the angles were 11.6° for 3DTi and 8.2° for sPEEK (p = 0.013). VEC was present in 2 levels (8.0%) for 3DTi vs. 17 levels (45%) for sPEEK (p = 0.002). After 3 months postoperatively, none of the 3DTi had VEC progression; however, eight (21%) levels in sPEEK showed VEC progression (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The novel 3DTi cage reduced endplate injuries by reducing the endplate load during cage insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Segi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-741-2111
| | - Ryuichi Shinjo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Yujiro Kagami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Masaaki Machino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Jun Ouchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Morishita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Oishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Ippei Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
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Developing Patient-Specific Statistical Reconstructions of Healthy Anatomical Structures to Improve Patient Outcomes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020123. [PMID: 36829617 PMCID: PMC9952233 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There are still numerous problems with modern joint replacement prostheses, which negatively influence patient health and recovery. For example, it is especially important to avoid failures and complications following hip arthroplasty because the loss of hip joint function is commonly associated with increased demand on the healthcare system, reoperation, loss of independence, physical disability, and death. The current study uses hip arthroplasty as a model system to present a new strategy of computationally generating patient-specific statistical reconstructions of complete healthy anatomical structures from computed tomography (CT) scans of damaged anatomical structures. The 3D model morphological data were evaluated from damaged femurs repaired with prosthetic devices and the respective damaged femurs that had been restored using statistical reconstruction. The results from all morphological measurements (i.e., maximum femoral length, Hausdorff distance, femoral neck anteversion, length of rotational center divergence, and angle of inclination) indicated that the values of femurs repaired with traditional prostheses did not fall within the +/-3 standard deviations of the respective patient-specific healthy anatomical structures. These results demonstrate that there are quantitative differences in the morphology of femurs repaired with traditional prostheses and the morphology of patient-specific statistical reconstructions. This approach of generating patient-specific statistical reconstructions of healthy anatomical structures might help to inform prosthetic designs so that new prostheses more closely resemble natural healthy morphology and preserve biomechanical function. Additionally, the patient-specific statistical reconstructions of healthy anatomical structures might be valuable for surgeons in that prosthetic devices could be selected and positioned to more accurately restore natural biomechanical function. All in all, this contribution establishes the novel approach of generating patient-specific statistical reconstructions of healthy anatomical structures from the CT scans of individuals' damaged anatomical structures to improve treatments and patient outcomes.
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23
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Luo C, Liu Y, Peng B, Chen M, Liu Z, Li Z, Kuang H, Gong B, Li Z, Sun H. PEEK for Oral Applications: Recent Advances in Mechanical and Adhesive Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:386. [PMID: 36679266 PMCID: PMC9864167 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic material widely used in engineering applications due to its good biomechanical properties and high temperature stability. Compared to traditional metal and ceramic dental materials, PEEK dental implants exhibit less stress shielding, thus better matching the mechanical properties of bone. As a promising medical material, PEEK can be used as implant abutments, removable and fixed prostheses, and maxillofacial prostheses. It can be blended with materials such as fibers and ceramics to improve its mechanical strength for better clinical dental applications. Compared to conventional pressed and CAD/CAM milling fabrication, 3D-printed PEEK exhibits excellent flexural and tensile strength and parameters such as printing temperature and speed can affect its mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK can make adhesive bonding difficult. The bond strength can be improved by roughening or introducing functional groups on the PEEK surface by sandblasting, acid etching, plasma treatment, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the mechanical properties of PEEK for dental applications in the context of specific applications, composites, and their preparation processes. In addition, the research on the adhesive properties of PEEK over the past few years is highlighted. Thus, this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the study of the mechanical and adhesive properties of PEEK materials. More importantly, it provides a rationale and a general new basis for the application of PEEK in the dental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Luo
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Ying Liu
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Bo Peng
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Menghao Chen
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Zhaogang Liu
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Zhanglong Li
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Hai Kuang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Baijuan Gong
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Desai SR, Koulgikar KD, Alqhtani NR, Alqahtani AR, Alqahtani AS, Alenazi A, Heboyan A, Fernandes GVO, Mustafa M. Three-Dimensional FEA Analysis of the Stress Distribution on Titanium and Graphene Frameworks Supported by 3 or 6-Implant Models. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010015. [PMID: 36648801 PMCID: PMC9844420 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium is the main component of dental implants. It is also routinely used as a framework material for implant-supported full-arch prostheses due to its low density, biocompatibility, and other mechanical properties. Remarkable mechanical properties such as lesser mass density and higher young's modulus of graphene have gained popularity among scientists, improving the properties of biomedical implants. Thus, our study aimed to compare the outcome through the von Mises stresses generated on All-on-6 and All-on-3 implant models, as well as on the framework, and evaluate the effect of stress patterns on the crestal bone around implants in the mandible. FEA (Finite Element Analysis) study was carried out using edentulous mandible models. Four 3D FEA models with 3 and 6 implants were used (Model 1: Titanium bar-supported 6 straight implants; Model 2: Graphene bar-supported 6 straight implants; Model 3: Titanium bar-supported 3 implants with 30 degrees-tilted; Model 4: Graphene bar-supported 3 implants with 30 degrees-tilted) in order to simulate endosseous implant designs. The implant measuring 4.2 mm in diameter and 11.5 mm in length were used. The most distal implants in the 3-implant models were placed with angulation of 30 degrees; in 6 implants, they were vertically placed. All the models were analyzed for vertical and oblique axis with a single force magnitude of 100 N. In all four implant models and under loading conditions, the peak stress points were always on the neck of the most distal implant. von Mises stresses were within the normal stress range. In a conventional six-straight implant model supported by a titanium framework, the cortical stress in the region of implants was 25.27 MPa, whereas, in the graphene framework, it was 12.18 MPa. Under vertical load, there was a significant difference in the cortical stress around the tilted implants (30 degrees) in the 3-implant system of titanium and graphene frameworks, respectively, 70.31 MPa and 21.27 MPa. The graphene framework demonstrated better results than the titanium framework for the conventional six-implant system under vertical load, achieving stress of 30.09 MPa and 76.60 MPa, respectively. In the case of the 3-implant system, a significant difference in the bar stress was observed between graphene and titanium, respectively, 256.32 MPa and 180.1 MPa of bar stress. Within the limitation of this study, the peri-implant stresses were decreased using graphene framework models. Hence, it was possible to conclude that the best load-bearing capacity results were found in the graphene framework group compared to the titanium framework for All-on-6 and All-on-3 implant models, even though both materials are reliable options used as framework materials in implant-supported full-arch prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikar R. Desai
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, HKE’S S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kalaburagi 585105, India
| | - Kiran Deepak Koulgikar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, HKE’S S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kalaburagi 585105, India
| | - Nasser Raqe Alqhtani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Robaian Alqahtani
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Alqahtani
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alenazi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Gustavo V. O. Fernandes
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine Department, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (G.V.O.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (G.V.O.F.); (M.M.)
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25
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Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Applications to Reduce Metal Artifacts in Hip Prostheses: A Phantom Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 13:diagnostics13010050. [PMID: 36611342 PMCID: PMC9853491 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal components of hip prostheses cause severe artifacts in CT images, influencing diagnostic accuracy. Metal artifact reduction (MAR) software and virtual monoenergetic reconstructions on dual-energy CT (DECT) systems are possible solutions that should be considered. In this study, we created a customized adjustable phantom to quantify the severity of artifacts on periprosthetic tissues (cortical and spongious bone, soft tissues) for hip prostheses. The severity of artifacts was classified by different thresholds of deviation from the CT numbers for reference objects not affected by artifacts. The in vitro setup was applied on four unilateral and three bilateral configurations of hip prostheses (made of titanium, cobalt, and stainless steel alloys) with a DECT system, changing the energy of virtual monoenergetic reconstructions, with and without MAR. The impact of these tools on the severity of artifacts was scored, looking for the best scan conditions for the different configurations. For titanium prostheses, the reconstruction at 110 keV, without MAR, always minimized the artifacts. For cobalt and stainless-steel prostheses, MAR should always be applied, while monoenergetic reconstruction alone did not show clear advantages. The available tools for reducing metal artifacts must therefore be applied depending on the examined prosthetic configuration.
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26
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Connors JP, Stelzer JW, Garvin PM, Wellington IJ, Solovyova O. The Role of the Innate Immune System in Wear Debris-Induced Inflammatory Peri-Implant Osteolysis in Total Joint Arthroplasty. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:764. [PMID: 36550970 PMCID: PMC9774505 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic osteolysis remains a leading complication of total hip and knee arthroplasty, often resulting in aseptic loosening of the implant and necessitating revision surgery. Wear-induced particulate debris is the main cause initiating this destructive process. The purpose of this article is to review recent advances in understanding of how wear debris causes osteolysis, and emergent strategies for the avoidance and treatment of this disease. A strong activator of the peri-implant innate immune this debris-induced inflammatory cascade is dictated by macrophage secretion of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8, and PGE2, leading to peri-implant bone resorption through activation of osteoclasts and inhibition of osteoblasts through several mechanisms, including the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. Therapeutic agents against proinflammatory mediators, such as those targeting tumor necrosis factor (TNF), osteoclasts, and sclerostin, have shown promise in reducing peri-implant osteolysis in vitro and in vivo; however, radiographic changes and clinical diagnosis often lag considerably behind the initiation of osteolysis, making timely treatment difficult. Considerable efforts are underway to develop such diagnostic tools, therapies, and identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Patrick Connors
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - John W Stelzer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Patrick M Garvin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Ian J Wellington
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Olga Solovyova
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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27
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Jamari J, Ammarullah MI, Santoso G, Sugiharto S, Supriyono T, Permana MS, Winarni TI, van der Heide E. Adopted walking condition for computational simulation approach on bearing of hip joint prosthesis: review over the past 30 years. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12050. [PMID: 36506403 PMCID: PMC9730145 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bearing on artificial hip joint experiences friction, wear, and surface damage that impact on overall performance and leading to failure at a particular time due to continuous contact that endangers the user. Assessing bearing hip joint using clinical study, experimental testing, and mathematical formula approach is challenging because there are some obstacles from each approach. Computational simulation is an effective alternative approach that is affordable, relatively fast, and more accessible than other approaches in examining various complex conditions requiring extensive resources and several different parameters. In particular, different gait cycles affect the sliding distance and distribution of gait loading acting on the joints. Appropriate selection and addition of gait cycles in computation modelling are crucial for accurate and reliable prediction and analysis of bearing performance such as wear a failure of implants. However, a wide spread of gait cycles and loading data are being considered and studied by researchers as reported in literature. The current article describes a comprehensive literature review adopted walking condition that has been carried out to study bearing using computational simulation approach over the past 30 years. Many knowledge gaps related to adoption procedures, simplification, and future research have been identified to obtain bearing analysis results with more realistic computational simulation approach according to physiological human hip joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jamari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Imam Ammarullah
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Gatot Santoso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - S. Sugiharto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Toto Supriyono
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muki Satya Permana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
- Biomechanics and Biomedics Engineering Research Centre, Pasundan University, Bandung 40153, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tri Indah Winarni
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Emile van der Heide
- Department of Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces & Systems (MS3), Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
- Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Postbox 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
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28
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Ramosena LA, Dzogbewu TC, du Preez W. Direct Metal Laser Sintering of the Ti6Al4V Alloy from a Powder Blend. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8193. [PMID: 36431676 PMCID: PMC9695119 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Additively manufactured Ti6Al4V parts have only seen major application in industries such as the aerospace and medical industries, mainly due to the high cost of production of the feedstock powder. In this article, the feasibility of in situ alloying a powder blend of elemental Ti and an Al-V master alloy to produce the Ti6Al4V alloy through direct metal laser sintering is presented and discussed. In a previous study, single track formation from this powder blend was studied and analyzed to determine the optimum principal process parameters suitable for this powder blend. These process parameters were employed in this study to produce single and double layers where the effects of varied hatch distance and the employment of a rescanning strategy on the surface morphology and alloy homogeneity were investigated. Lastly, in the current study, three-dimensional specimens were produced and analyzed to determine the alloy microstructure, homogeneity, part porosity and mechanical properties. The analyses revealed that a Ti6Al4V alloy with a density of up to 99.9% and corresponding tensile strength and ductility values of up to 942.9 MPa and 17% was produced. Furthermore, a minimum Al evaporation value of 7.2% was recorded. Therefore, in situ alloying can indeed be employed to produce high-quality Ti6Al4V parts from an elemental Ti and an Al-V master alloy powder blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekhetho Ambition Ramosena
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Central University of Technology Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Thywill Cephas Dzogbewu
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Central University of Technology Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
- Centre for Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Central University of Technology Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Willie du Preez
- Centre for Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Central University of Technology Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
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Equbal A, Equbal MA, Equbal MI, Ravindrannair P, Khan ZA, Badruddin IA, Kamangar S, Tirth V, Javed S, Kittur MI. Evaluating CNC Milling Performance for Machining AISI 316 Stainless Steel with Carbide Cutting Tool Insert. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15228051. [PMID: 36431537 PMCID: PMC9696204 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the CNC milling performance of the machining of AISI 316 stainless steel using a carbide cutting tool insert. Three critical machining parameters, namely cutting speed (v), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (d), each at three levels, are chosen as input machining parameters. The face-centred central composite design (FCCCD) of the experiment is based on response surface methodology (RSM), and machining performances are measured in terms of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR). Analysis of variance, response graphs, and three-dimensional surface plots are used to analyse experimental results. Multi-response optimization using the data envelopment analysis based ranking (DEAR) approach is used to find the ideal configuration of the machining parameters for milling AISI 316 SS. The variables v = 220 m/min, f = 0.20 mm/rev and d = 1.2 mm were obtained as the optimal machine parameter setting. Study reveals that MRR is affected dominantly by d followed by v. For SR, f is the dominating factor followed by d. SR is found to be almost unaffected by v. Finally, it is important to state that this work made an attempt to successfully machine AISI 316 SS with a carbide cutting tool insert, to investigate the effect of important machining parameters on MRR and SR and also to optimize the multiple output response using DEAR method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Equbal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md. Asif Equbal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835213, India
| | - Md. Israr Equbal
- Mechanical Engineering Section, University Polytechnic, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Pranav Ravindrannair
- Department of Automobile Engineering, MVSR Engineering College, Hyderabad 501510, India
| | - Zahid A. Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Kamangar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vineet Tirth
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Javed
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. I. Kittur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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30
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Wakabayashi H, Hasegawa M, Naito Y, Tone S, Sudo A. Minimum 10-Year Results of Modular Metal-On-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216505. [PMID: 36362734 PMCID: PMC9657710 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: this study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of (a minimum of 10-years) total hip arthroplasty with a metal-on-metal acetabular prosthesis. Methods: Eighty-nine primary total hip arthroplasties (82 patients) were performed using a Pinnacle modular metal-on-metal acetabular prosthesis. Clinical hip function outcomes were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association hip score preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Radiological analysis was performed at the final follow-up and magnetic resonance imaging in all hips postoperatively. Results: Out of 82 patients, 17 were excluded who were followed up for <10 years. Of the remaining 65 patients (70 hips), 19 (20 hips) developed pseudotumors during 2−10 years postoperatively. After 10 and 13 years, the survival rates of revision endpoint were 93.6% and 90.4%, respectively. Clinical hip function outcomes had improved significantly at the final follow-up. In the radiological analysis, the mean cup angle of inclination and mean ratio of femoral offset on the operated hip to the contralateral hip was highest in patients with revision surgery for adverse reactions to metal debris. Conclusions: This study showed a 29.0% prevalence of pseudotumors. Some cases required revisions even after 10 years following surgery. Regular clinical surveillance is recommended for the early detection of adverse reactions to metal debris.
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31
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Liu Y, Fang M, Zhao R, Liu H, Li K, Tian M, Niu L, Xie R, Bai S. Clinical Applications of Polyetheretherketone in Removable Dental Prostheses: Accuracy, Characteristics, and Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214615. [PMID: 36365609 PMCID: PMC9654455 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-performance thermoplastic polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and radiolucency. The present article comprehensively reviews various applications of PEEK in removable dental prostheses, including in removable partial dentures (RPDs) (frameworks and clasps), double-crown RPDs, and obturators. The clinical performance of PEEK in removable dental prostheses is shown to be satisfactory and promising based on the short-term clinical evidence and technical complications are scarce. Moreover, the accuracy of RPDs is a vital factor for their long-term success rate. PEEK in removable dental prostheses is fabricated using the conventional lost-wax technique and CAD/CAM milling, which produces a good fit. Furthermore, fused deposition modeling is considered to be one of the most practical additive techniques. PEEK in removable prostheses produced by this technique exhibits good results in terms of the framework fit. However, in light of the paucity of evidence regarding other additive techniques, these manufacturers cannot yet be endorsed. Surface roughness, bacterial retention, color stability, and wear resistance should also be considered when attempting to increase the survival rates of PEEK removable prostheses. In addition, pastes represent an effective method for PEEK polishing to obtain a reduced surface roughness, which facilitates lower bacterial retention. As compared to other composite materials, PEEK is less likely to become discolored or deteriorate due to wear abrasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Ruifeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hengyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lina Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Rui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Shizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (S.B.)
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32
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Rodriguez-Fernandez JC, Pastor F, Barrera Mora JM, Brizuela A, Puigdollers A, Espinar E, Gil FJ. Bacteriostatic Poly Ethylene Glycol Plasma Coatings for Orthodontic Titanium Mini-Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7487. [PMID: 36363077 PMCID: PMC9654847 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Titanium mini-implants are used as anchorage for orthodontic tooth movements. However, these implants present problems due to the infection of surrounding tissues. The aim of this work was to obtain a polyethylene glycol (PEG) layer by plasma in order to achieve a bacteriostatic surface. Titanium surfaces were activated by argon plasma and, after, by PEG plasma with different powers (100, 150 and 200 W) for 30 and 60 min. The roughness was determined by white light interferometer microscopy and the wettability was determined by the contact angle technique. Surface chemical compositions were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cytocompatibility and cell adhesion studies were performed with fibroblast (hFFs) and osteoblast (SAOS-2) cells. Bacterial cultures with Spectrococcus Sanguinis and Lactobacillus Salivarius were performed, and bacterial colonization was determined. The results showed that plasma treatments do not affect the roughness. Plasma makes the surfaces more hydrophilic by decreasing the contact angles from 64.2° for titanium to 5.2° for argon-activated titanium, with values ranging from 12° to 25° for the different PEG treatments. The plasma has two effects: the cleaning of the surface and the formation of the PEG layer. The biocompatibility results were, for all cases, higher than 80%. The polymerization treatment with PEG reduced the adhesion of hFFs from 7000 to 6000 and, for SAOS-2, from 14,000 to 6500, for pure titanium and those treated with PEG, respectively. Bacterial adhesion was also reduced from 600 to 300 CFU/mm2 for Spetrococcuns Sanguinis and from 10,000 to 900 CFU/mm2 for Lactobacillus Salivarius. The best bacteriostatic treatment corresponded to PEG at 100 W and 30 s. As a consequence, the PEG coating would significantly prevent the formation of bacterial biofilm on the surface of titanium mini-implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Pastor
- Dept. Ortodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Barrera Mora
- Dept. Ortodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Aritza Brizuela
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, C/del Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andreu Puigdollers
- Dept. Ortodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Espinar
- Dept. Ortodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - F. Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Facultad de Medicia y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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Schwartz A, Kossenko A, Zinigrad M, Gofer Y, Borodianskiy K, Sobolev A. Hydroxyapatite Coating on Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Salt-Based Electrolyte. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15207374. [PMID: 36295438 PMCID: PMC9611249 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Titanium alloys have good biocompatibility and good mechanical properties, making them particularly suitable for dental and orthopedic implants. Improving their osseointegration with human bones is one of the most essential tasks. This can be achieved by developing hydroxyapatite (HA) on the treating surface using the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method in molten salt. In this study, a coating of titanium oxide-containing HA nanoparticles was formed on Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy by PEO in molten salt. Then, samples were subjected to hydrothermal treatment (HTT) to form HA crystals sized 0.5 to 1 μm. The effect of the current and voltage frequency for the creation of the coating on the morphology, chemical, and phase composition was studied. The anti-corrosion properties of the samples were studied using the potentiodynamic polarization test (PPT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). An assessment of the morphology of the sample formed at a frequency of 100 Hz shows that the structure of this coating has a uniform submicron porosity, and its surface shows high hydrophilicity and anti-corrosion properties (4.90 × 106 Ohm·cm2). In this work, for the first time, the process of formation of a bioactive coating consisting of titanium oxides and HA was studied by the PEO method in molten salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Schwartz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Alexey Kossenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Michael Zinigrad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Yosef Gofer
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | | | - Alexander Sobolev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-3-9143085
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A Review of Biomaterials and Associated Performance Metrics Analysis in Pre-Clinical Finite Element Model and in Implementation Stages for Total Hip Implant System. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204308. [PMID: 36297885 PMCID: PMC9607025 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Total hip replacement (THR) is a common orthopedic surgery technique that helps thousands of individuals to live normal lives each year. A hip replacement replaces the shattered cartilage and bone with an implant. Most hip implants fail after 10–15 years. The material selection for the total hip implant systems is a major research field since it affects the mechanical and clinical performance of it. Stress shielding due to excessive contact stress, implant dislocation due to a large deformation, aseptic implant loosening due to the particle propagation of wear debris, decreased bone remodeling density due to the stress shielding, and adverse tissue responses due to material wear debris all contribute to the failure of hip implants. Recent research shows that pre-clinical computational finite element analysis (FEA) can be used to estimate four mechanical performance parameters of hip implants which are connected with distinct biomaterials: von Mises stress and deformation, micromotion, wear estimates, and implant fatigue. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical stages are utilized to determine the hip implant biocompatibility and the unfavorable local tissue reactions to different biomaterials during the implementation phase. This research summarizes and analyses the performance of the different biomaterials that are employed in total hip implant systems in the pre-clinical stage using FEA, as well as their performances in in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies, which will help researchers in gaining a better understanding of the prospects and challenges in this field.
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35
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Wang Z, Wang W, Zhang X, Cao F, Zhang T, Bhakta Pokharel D, Chen D, Li J, Yang J, Xiao C, Ren Y, Qin G, Zhao D. Modulation of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis Activities Based on Ionic Release from Zn-Mg Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15207117. [PMID: 36295204 PMCID: PMC9608845 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of osteogenesis and angiogenesis remains a great challenge for the successful regeneration of engineered tissue. Biodegradable Mg and Zn alloys have received increasing interest as potential biodegradable metallic materials, partially due to the biological functions of Mg2+ and Zn2+ with regard to osteogenesis and angiogenesis, respectively. In the present study, novel biodegradable Zn-xMg (x = 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 wt.%) alloys were designed and fabricated, and the effects of adding different amounts of Mg to the Zn matrix were investigated. The osteogenesis and angiogenesis beneficial effects of Zn2+ and Mg2+ release during the biodegradation were characterized, demonstrating coordination with the bone regeneration process in a dose-dependent manner. The results show that increased Mg content leads to a higher amount of released Mg2+ while decreasing the Zn2+ concentration in the extract. The osteogenesis of pre-osteoblasts was promoted in Zn-0.5Mg and Zn-1Mg due to the higher concentration of Mg2+. Moreover, pure Zn extract presented the highest activity in angiogenesis, owing to the highest concentration of Zn2+ release (6.415 μg/mL); the proliferation of osteoblast cells was, however, inhibited under such a high Zn2+ concentration. Although the concentration of Zn ion was decreased in Zn-0.5Mg and Zn-1Mg compared with pure Zn, the angiogenesis was not influenced when the concentration of Mg in the extract was sufficiently increased. Hence, Mg2+ and Zn2+ in Zn-Mg alloys show a dual modulation effect. The Zn-0.5Mg alloy was indicated to be a promising implant candidate due to demonstrating the appropriate activity in regulating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The present work evaluates the effect of the Mg content in Zn-based alloys on biological activities, and the results provide guidance regarding the Zn-Mg composition in designs for orthopedic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Weidan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tianwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China
| | - Durga Bhakta Pokharel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Junlei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Chi Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Yuping Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (D.Z.)
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36
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Zhang H, Goltsberg R, Etsion I. Modeling Adhesive Wear in Asperity and Rough Surface Contacts: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6855. [PMID: 36234200 PMCID: PMC9573368 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wear is one of the most fundamental topics in tribology and adhesive wear is argued as the least avoidable wear type. Numerical techniques have allowed advances in more realistic simulations of adhesive wear mechanisms and promoted our understanding of it. This paper reviews the classic work on wear modeling by Archard and Rabinowicz, followed by a comprehensive summary of the adhesive wear numerical models and techniques based on physical parameters. The studies on wear mechanisms at the asperity level and rough surfaces are separately presented. Different models and their key findings are presented according to the method type. The advantages and deficiencies of these models are stated and future work, such as considering more realistic geometries and material properties for adhesive wear modeling, is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Roman Goltsberg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Izhak Etsion
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
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37
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Ji C, Cai X, Zhou Z, Gao B, Liu S. Effects of Atomic Ratio on the Mechanical Properties of Amorphous Silicon Carbon Nitride. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6865. [PMID: 36234206 PMCID: PMC9572164 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the mechanical properties of amorphous silicon carbon nitride (a-SiCxNy) films with different atomic ratios via molecular dynamics simulation. The Si-C-N ternary amorphous model is constructed using ReaxFF potential and melt-quenching method. The results demonstrate that the density range of constructed model spans a wide range of densities (2.247-2.831 g/cm3). The short- and medium-range order of the constructed a-SiCxNy structures show a good correlation with the experimental observations. Based on the structural feasibility, the elastoplastic performance is analyzed. There is significant ductility during the uniaxial tension process of a-SiCxNy, except for Si(CN2)2. The calculated elastic modulus ranges from 206.80 GPa to 393.58 GPa, close to the experimental values of coating films. In addition, the elastic modulus of a-SiCxNy does not change monotonically with the carbon or silicon content but is related to the atomic ratio. This article provides an understanding of the chemical composition dependence of the mechanical properties of amorphous compounds at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Ji
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xintian Cai
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bing Gao
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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38
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Prosolov KA, Lastovka VV, Khimich MA, Chebodaeva VV, Khlusov IA, Sharkeev YP. RF Magnetron Sputtering of Substituted Hydroxyapatite for Deposition of Biocoatings. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6828. [PMID: 36234169 PMCID: PMC9573009 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of titanium (Ti)-based alloy implant surfaces by deposition of calcium phosphates (CaP) has been widely recognized. Substituted hydroxyapatites (HA) allow the coating properties to be tailored based on the use of different Ca substitutes. The formation of antibacterial CaP coatings with the incorporation of Zn or Cu by an RF magnetron sputtering is proposed. The influence of RF magnetron targets elemental composition and structure in the case of Zn-HA and Cu-HA, and the influence of substrate's grain size, the substrate's temperature during the deposition, and post-deposition heat treatment (HT) on the resulting coatings are represented. Sintering the targets at 1150 °C resulted in a noticeable structural change with an increase in cell volume and lattice parameters for substituted HA. The deposition rate of Cu-HA and Zn-HA was notably higher compared to stochiometric HA (10.5 and 10) nm/min vs. 9 ± 0.5 nm/min, respectively. At the substrate temperature below 100 °C, all deposited coatings were found to be amorphous with an atomic short-range order corresponding to the {300} plane of crystalline HA. All deposited coatings were found to be hyper-stochiometric with Ca/P ratios varying from 1.9 to 2.5. An increase in the substrate temperature to 200 °C resulted in the formation of equiaxed grain structure on both coarse-grained (CG) and nanostructured (NS) Ti. The use of NS Ti notably increased the scratch resistance of the deposited coatings from18 ± 1 N to 22 ± 2 N. Influence of HT in air or Ar atmosphere is also discussed. Thus, the deposition of Zn- or Cu-containing CaP is a complex process that could be fine-tuned using the obtained research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A. Prosolov
- Laboratory of Physics of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Lastovka
- Laboratory of Physics of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Margarita A. Khimich
- Laboratory of Physics of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Valentina V. Chebodaeva
- Laboratory of Physics of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor A. Khlusov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yurii P. Sharkeev
- Laboratory of Physics of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
- Research School of High-Energy Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Intelligent Monitoring Model for Fall Risks of Hospitalized Elderly Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101896. [DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of high fall risk is an important process of fall prevention in hospitalized elderly patients. Hospitalized elderly patients can face several falling risks. Monitoring systems can be utilized to protect health and lives, and monitoring models can be less effective if the alarm is not invoked in real time. Therefore, in this paper we propose a monitoring prediction system that incorporates artificial intelligence. The proposed system utilizes a scalable clustering technique, namely the Catboost method, for binary classification. These techniques are executed on the Snowflake platform to rapidly predict safe and risky incidence for hospitalized elderly patients. A later stage employs a deep learning model (DNN) that is based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). Risky incidences are further classified into various monitoring alert types (falls, falls with broken bones, falls that lead to death). At this phase, the model employs adaptive sampling techniques to elucidate the unbalanced overfitting in the datasets. A performance study utilizes the benchmarks datasets, namely SERV-112 and SV-S2017 of the image sequences for assessing accuracy. The simulation depicts that the system has higher true positive counts in case of all health-related risk incidences. The proposed system depicts real-time classification speed with lower training time. The performance of the proposed multi-risk prediction is high at 87.4% in the SERV-112 dataset and 98.71% in the SV-S2017 dataset.
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40
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New Self-Repairing System for Brittle Matrix Composites Using Corrosion-Induced Intelligent Fiber. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183902. [PMID: 36146046 PMCID: PMC9503510 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brittle matrix composites such as concrete are susceptible to damage in the form of cracks. Most of the current self-repair and self-healing techniques have repair limits on crack widths or high costs of an external stimulator, or have an unfavorable effect on the composite’s strength. This paper proposes a new concept of corrosion-induced intelligent fiber (CIF) and a new self-repairing system that uses the CIFs to close cracks in brittle matrix composites within a corrosive environment without external help, and without compromising the strength. The CIF comprises an inner core fiber and an outer corrodible coating that are in equilibrium, with the core fiber in tension and the corrodible coating in compression. The preparation steps and shape recovery mechanism of the CIF and the self-repair mechanism of the CIF composites are explained. Based on these concepts, this paper also describes several mechanical models built to predict the magnitude of pre-stress stored in the core fiber, and the maximum pre-stress released to the matrix composites, and the minimum length of the reliable anchor ends of CIF. The sample calculation results show that the recovery strain was 0.5% for the CIF with the steel core fiber and 12.7% for the CIF with the nylon core fiber; the maximum crack closing force provided by the CIF to concrete can be increased by increasing the amount of the CIFs in concrete and the initial tensile stress of the core fiber. This paper provides some suggestions for enhancing the self-repair capability of brittle composites in complex working environments.
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Zhang H, Du T, Chen S, Liu Y, Yang Y, Hou Q, Qiao A. Finite Element Analysis of the Non-Uniform Degradation of Biodegradable Vascular Stents. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030152. [PMID: 36135587 PMCID: PMC9501085 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the studies on the finite element analysis (FEA) of biodegradable vascular stents (BVSs) during the degradation process have limited the accuracy of the simulation results due to the application of the uniform degradation model. This paper aims to establish an FEA model for the non-uniform degradation of BVSs by considering factors such as the dynamic changes of the corrosion properties and material properties of the element, as well as the pitting corrosion and stress corrosion. The results revealed that adjusting the corrosion rate according to the number of exposed surfaces of the element and reducing the stress threshold according to the corrosion status accelerates the degradation time of BVSs by 26% and 25%, respectively, compared with the uniform degradation model. The addition of the pitting model reduces the service life of the BVSs by up to 12%. The effective support of the stent to the vessel could reach at least 60% of the treatment effect before the vessel collapsed. These data indicate that the proposed non-uniform degradation model of BVSs with multiple factors produces different phenomena compared with the commonly used models and make the numerical simulation results more consistent with the real degradation scenario.
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Alkentar R, Máté F, Mankovits T. Investigation of the Performance of Ti6Al4V Lattice Structures Designed for Biomedical Implants Using the Finite Element Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15186335. [PMID: 36143651 PMCID: PMC9504521 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of medical implants is an ongoing process pursued by many studies in the biomedical field. The focus is on enhancing the structure of the implants to improve their biomechanical properties, thus reducing the imperfections for the patient and increasing the lifespan of the prosthesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different lattice structures under laboratory conditions and in a numerical manner to choose the best unit cell design, able to generate a structure as close to that of human bone as possible. Four types of unit cell were designed using the ANSYS software and investigated through comparison between the results of laboratory compression tests and those of the finite element simulation. Three samples of each unit cell type were 3D printed, using direct metal laser sintering technology, and tested according to the ISO standards. Ti6Al4V was selected as the material for the samples. Stress-strain characteristics were determined, and the effective Young's modulus was calculated. Detailed comparative analysis was conducted between the laboratory and the numerical results. The average Young's modulus values were 11 GPa, 9 GPa, and 8 GPa for the Octahedral lattice type, both the 3D lattice infill type and the double-pyramid lattice and face diagonals type, and the double-pyramid lattice with cross type, respectively. The deviation between the lab results and the simulated ones was up to 10%. Our results show how each type of unit cell structure is suitable for each specific type of human bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashwan Alkentar
- Doctoral School of Informatics, Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Kassai u. 26., H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - File Máté
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, Ótemető u. 2-4., H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Mankovits
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, Ótemető u. 2-4., H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
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