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Leistikow KR, May DS, Suh WS, Vargas Asensio G, Schaenzer AJ, Currie CR, Hristova KR. Bacillus subtilis-derived peptides disrupt quorum sensing and biofilm assembly in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. mSystems 2024; 9:e0071224. [PMID: 38990088 PMCID: PMC11334493 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00712-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most clinically important pathogens in the world, with infections leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals. The ability of S. aureus to form biofilms protects cells from antibiotics and promotes the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes; therefore, new strategies aimed at inhibiting biofilm growth are urgently needed. Probiotic species, including Bacillus subtilis, are gaining interest as potential therapies against S. aureus for their ability to reduce S. aureus colonization and virulence. Here, we search for strains and microbially derived compounds with strong antibiofilm activity against multidrug-resistant S. aureus by isolating and screening Bacillus strains from a variety of agricultural environments. From a total of 1,123 environmental isolates, we identify a single strain B. subtilis 6D1, with a potent ability to inhibit biofilm growth, disassemble mature biofilm, and improve antibiotic sensitivity of S. aureus biofilms through an Agr quorum sensing interference mechanism. Biochemical and molecular networking analysis of an active organic fraction revealed multiple surfactin isoforms, and an uncharacterized peptide was driving this antibiofilm activity. Compared with commercial high-performance liquid chromatography grade surfactin obtained from B. subtilis, we show these B. subtilis 6D1 peptides are significantly better at inhibiting biofilm formation in all four S. aureus Agr backgrounds and preventing S. aureus-induced cytotoxicity when applied to HT29 human intestinal cells. Our study illustrates the potential of exploring microbial strain diversity to discover novel antibiofilm agents that may help combat multidrug-resistant S. aureus infections and enhance antibiotic efficacy in clinical and veterinary settings. IMPORTANCE The formation of biofilms by multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, increases these microorganisms' virulence and decreases the efficacy of common antibiotic regimens. Probiotics possess a variety of strain-specific strategies to reduce biofilm formation in competing organisms; however, the mechanisms and compounds responsible for these phenomena often go uncharacterized. In this study, we identified a mixture of small probiotic-derived peptides capable of Agr quorum sensing interference as one of the mechanisms driving antibiofilm activity against S. aureus. This collection of peptides also improved antibiotic killing and protected human gut epithelial cells from S. aureus-induced toxicity by stimulating an adaptive cytokine response. We conclude that purposeful strain screening and selection efforts can be used to identify unique probiotic strains that possess specially desired mechanisms of action. This information can be used to further improve our understanding of the ways in which probiotic and probiotic-derived compounds can be applied to prevent bacterial infections or improve bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics in clinical and agricultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R. Leistikow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daniel S. May
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington College, Chestertown, Maryland, USA
| | - Won Se Suh
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Adam J. Schaenzer
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cameron R. Currie
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Kostovova I, Kavanova K, Moravkova M, Gebauer J, Leva L, Vicenova M, Babak V, Faldyna M, Crhanova M. Probiotic bacteria of wild boar origin intended for piglets - An in vitro study. VET MED-CZECH 2024; 69:281-296. [PMID: 39296628 PMCID: PMC11406499 DOI: 10.17221/35/2024-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Using probiotics represents a potential solution to post-weaning diarrheal diseases in piglets on commercial farms. The gastrointestinal tract of wild boars serves as a promising reservoir of novel lactic acid bacteria with suitable probiotic characteristics. In this study, we isolated eight bacterial strains from the intestinal content of wild boars identified as representatives of the species Bifidobacterium apri, Lactobacillus amylovorus, and Ligilactobacillus salivarius. These isolates underwent in vitro analysis and characterisation to assess their biological safety and probiotic properties. Analysis of their full genome sequences revealed the absence of horizontally transferrable genes for antibiotic resistance. However, seven out of eight isolates harboured genes encoding various types of bacteriocins in their genomes, and bacteriocin production was further confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Most of the tested strains demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of selected pathogenic bacteria, produce exopolysaccharides, and stimulate the expression of interleukin-10 in porcine macrophages. These characteristics deem the isolates characterised in this study as potential candidates for use as probiotics for piglets during the post-weaning period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Kostovova
- Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Kavanova
- Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Moravkova
- Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gebauer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Leva
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Vicenova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Babak
- Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Crhanova
- Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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Głowacka P, Oszajca K, Pudlarz A, Szemraj J, Witusik-Perkowska M. Postbiotics as Molecules Targeting Cellular Events of Aging Brain-The Role in Pathogenesis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:2244. [PMID: 39064687 PMCID: PMC11279795 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for neurodegeneration occurrence. The most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases, are characterized by the incidence of proteinopathy, abnormal activation of glial cells, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy and cellular senescence excessive for the patient's age. Moreover, mitochondrial disfunction, epigenetic alterations and neurogenesis inhibition, together with increased blood-brain barrier permeability and gut dysbiosis, have been linked to ND pathogenesis. Since NDs still lack curative treatment, recent research has sought therapeutic options in restoring gut microbiota and supplementing probiotic bacteria-derived metabolites with beneficial action to the host-so called postbiotics. The current review focuses on literature explaining cellular mechanisms involved in ND pathogenesis and research addressing the impact that postbiotics as a whole mixture and particular metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, polyamines, polyphenols, tryptophan metabolites, exopolysaccharides and bacterial extracellular vesicles, have on the ageing-associated processes underlying ND occurrence. The review also discusses the issue of implementing postbiotics into ND prophylaxis and therapy, depicting them as compounds addressing senescence-triggered dysfunctions that are worth translating from bench to pharmaceutical market in response to "silver consumers" demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pola Głowacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
- International Doctoral School, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Oszajca
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Pudlarz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Monika Witusik-Perkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
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Lubis AR, Sumon MAA, Dinh-Hung N, Dhar AK, Delamare-Deboutteville J, Kim DH, Shinn AP, Kanjanasopa D, Permpoonpattana P, Doan HV, Linh NV, Brown CL. Review of quorum-quenching probiotics: A promising non-antibiotic-based strategy for sustainable aquaculture. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13941. [PMID: 38523339 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and genes (ARGs) in aquaculture underscores the urgent need for alternative veterinary strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). These measures are vital to reduce the likelihood of entering a post-antibiotic era. Identifying environmentally friendly biotechnological solutions to prevent and treat bacterial diseases is crucial for the sustainability of aquaculture and for minimizing the use of antimicrobials, especially antibiotics. The development of probiotics with quorum-quenching (QQ) capabilities presents a promising non-antibiotic strategy for sustainable aquaculture. Recent research has demonstrated the effectiveness of QQ probiotics (QQPs) against a range of significant fish pathogens in aquaculture. QQ disrupts microbial communication (quorum sensing, QS) by inhibiting the production, replication, and detection of signalling molecules, thereby reducing bacterial virulence factors. With their targeted anti-virulence approach, QQPs have substantial promise as a potential alternative to antibiotics. The application of QQPs in aquaculture, however, is still in its early stages and requires additional research. Key challenges include determining the optimal dosage and treatment regimens, understanding the long-term effects, and integrating QQPs with other disease control methods in diverse aquaculture systems. This review scrutinizes the current literature on antibiotic usage, AMR prevalence in aquaculture, QQ mechanisms and the application of QQPs as a sustainable alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Rilla Lubis
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Dinh-Hung
- Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Arun K Dhar
- Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Duangkhaetita Kanjanasopa
- Agricultural Science and Technology Program, Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Patima Permpoonpattana
- Agricultural Science and Technology Program, Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Functional Feed Innovation Center (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Vu Linh
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Functional Feed Innovation Center (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Christopher L Brown
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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Nasreen S, Ali S, Andleeb S, Summer M, Hussain T, Imdad K, Ara C, Tahir HM. Mechanisms of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and immunomodulatory action of probiotics bacteria and their secondary metabolites against disease management: an overview. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:549-565. [PMID: 38532057 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics or bacteriotherapy is today's hot issue for public entities (Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization) as well as health and food industries since Metchnikoff and his colleagues hypothesized the correlation between probiotic consumption and human's health. They contribute to the newest and highly efficient arena of promising biotherapeutics. These are usually attractive in biomedical applications such as gut-related diseases like irritable bowel disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infections, various allergies, parasitic and bacterial infections, viral diseases, and intestinal inflammation, and are also worth immunomodulation. The useful impact of probiotics is not limited to gut-related diseases alone. Still, these have proven benefits in various acute and chronic infectious diseases, like cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseases, and high serum cholesterol. Recently, different researchers have paid special attention to investigating biomedical applications of probiotics, but consolidated data regarding bacteriotherapy with a detailed mechanistically applied approach is scarce and controversial. The present article reviews the bio-interface of probiotic strains, mainly (i) why the demand for probiotics?, (ii) the current status of probiotics, (iii) an alternative to antibiotics, (iv) the potential applications towards disease management, (v) probiotics and industrialization, and (vi) futuristic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Imdad
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Juszczuk-Kubiak E. Molecular Aspects of the Functioning of Pathogenic Bacteria Biofilm Based on Quorum Sensing (QS) Signal-Response System and Innovative Non-Antibiotic Strategies for Their Elimination. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2655. [PMID: 38473900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the key mechanisms enabling bacterial cells to create biofilms and regulate crucial life functions in a global and highly synchronized way is a bacterial communication system called quorum sensing (QS). QS is a bacterial cell-to-cell communication process that depends on the bacterial population density and is mediated by small signalling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). In bacteria, QS controls the biofilm formation through the global regulation of gene expression involved in the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) synthesis, virulence factor production, stress tolerance and metabolic adaptation. Forming biofilm is one of the crucial mechanisms of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A common feature of human pathogens is the ability to form biofilm, which poses a serious medical issue due to their high susceptibility to traditional antibiotics. Because QS is associated with virulence and biofilm formation, there is a belief that inhibition of QS activity called quorum quenching (QQ) may provide alternative therapeutic methods for treating microbial infections. This review summarises recent progress in biofilm research, focusing on the mechanisms by which biofilms, especially those formed by pathogenic bacteria, become resistant to antibiotic treatment. Subsequently, a potential alternative approach to QS inhibition highlighting innovative non-antibiotic strategies to control AMR and biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Cavallo I, Sivori F, Mastrofrancesco A, Abril E, Pontone M, Di Domenico EG, Pimpinelli F. Bacterial Biofilm in Chronic Wounds and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:109. [PMID: 38392327 PMCID: PMC10886835 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Wound repair and skin regeneration is a very complex orchestrated process that is generally composed of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Each phase involves the activation of different cells and the production of various cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators affecting the immune response. The microbial skin composition plays an important role in wound healing. Indeed, skin commensals are essential in the maintenance of the epidermal barrier function, regulation of the host immune response, and protection from invading pathogenic microorganisms. Chronic wounds are common and are considered a major public health problem due to their difficult-to-treat features and their frequent association with challenging chronic infections. These infections can be very tough to manage due to the ability of some bacteria to produce multicellular structures encapsulated into a matrix called biofilms. The bacterial species contained in the biofilm are often different, as is their capability to influence the healing of chronic wounds. Biofilms are, in fact, often tolerant and resistant to antibiotics and antiseptics, leading to the failure of treatment. For these reasons, biofilms impede appropriate treatment and, consequently, prolong the wound healing period. Hence, there is an urgent necessity to deepen the knowledge of the pathophysiology of delayed wound healing and to develop more effective therapeutic approaches able to restore tissue damage. This work covers the wound-healing process and the pathogenesis of chronic wounds infected by biofilm-forming pathogens. An overview of the strategies to counteract biofilm formation or to destroy existing biofilms is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Mastrofrancesco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elva Abril
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pontone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Dias RS, Kremer FS, da Costa de Avila LF. In silico prospection of Lactobacillus acidophilus strains with potential probiotic activity. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2733-2743. [PMID: 37801223 PMCID: PMC10689588 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are fermentative microorganisms and perform different roles in biotechnological processes, mainly in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Among the LAB, Lactobacillus acidophilus is a species that deserves to be highlighted for being used both in prophylaxis and in the treatment of pathologies. Most of the metabolites produced by this species are linked to the inhibition of pathogens. In this study, we utilized a pangenomic and metabolic annotation analysis using Roary and BlastKOALA, ML-based probiotic activity prediction with iProbiotic and whole-genome similarity using ANI to identify strains of L. acidophilus with potential probiotic activity. According to the results in BlastKOALA and iProbiotics, L. acidophilus NCTC 13721 had the greatest potential among the 64 strains tested, both in terms of its ability to be a Lactobacillus spp. probiotic, when in the amount of genes involved in the metabolism of organic acids and quorum sensing. In addition, DSM 20079 proved to be promising for prospecting new probiotic Lactobacillus from BlastKOALA analyses, as they presented similar results in the number of genes involved in the production of lactic acid, acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, except for quorum sensing where the NCTC 13721 strain had 14 more genes. L. acidophilus NCTC 13721 and L. acidophilus La-5 strains showed greater ability to be Lactobacillus spp. probiotic capacity, showing 84.8% and 51.9% capacity in the iProbiotics tool, respectively. When analyzed in ANI, none of the evaluated strains showed genomic similarity with NCTC 13721. In contrast, the DSM 20079 strain showed genomic similarity with all evaluated strains except NCTC 13721. Furthermore, eight strains with characteristics with approximately 100% genomic similarity to La-5 were listed: S20_1, LA-5, FSI4, APC2845, LA-G80-111, DS1_1A, LA1, and BCRC 14065. Therefore, according to the findings in iProbiotics and BlastKoala, among the 64 strains evaluated, NCTC 13721 is the most promising strain to be used for future in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Sinnott Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Area of the University Hospital, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Frederico Schmitt Kremer
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana Farias da Costa de Avila
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Area of the University Hospital, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Gebreyohannes G, Sbhatu DB, Nyerere A, Bii C, Gebrehiwot AG. Wild Mushrooms: Potential Natural Sources of Antioxidant and Anti-Quorum Sensing Bioactive Compounds for Medical Applications. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:6141646. [PMID: 37899907 PMCID: PMC10602707 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6141646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study was aimed at determining the antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing, and in vitro cytotoxic activities of five wild mushroom extracts. Methods Wild mushrooms of Auricularia auricula-judae, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, Trametes versicolor, and Microporus xanthopus were collected from Arabuko-Sokoke and Kakamega National Forests, in Kenya. Specimens were identified and extracted using chloroform (CHL), 70% ethanol (Eth), and hot water (HW) solvents. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Vero cell lines, respectively, while anti-quorum sensing activities were tested against Chromobacterium violaceum. All data were compared using relevant descriptive and inferential statistics at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results A total of 35 wild mushrooms were collected, identified, and classified into 14 genera. Among screened mycochemicals, fatty acids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins were detected at higher concentrations. The highest free radical scavenging activities of A. auricula-judae, T. umkowaani, T. elegans, and T. versicolor were observed in 70% Eth extract with the percentage values of 76.40 ± 0.12%, 68.40 ± 0.01%, 62.40 ± 0.07%, and 66.40 ± 0.04%, respectively, whereas the HW extract of Microporus xanthopus showed free radical scavenging activity at 65.90 ± 0.02%. None of the extracts, at the tested concentrations (up to 1000 µg/mL), had shown cytotoxic activity against the Vero cell line. The HW extract of T. umkowaani and the 70% Eth extract of T. versicolor showed a statistically significant difference in the inhibitory activity of violacein production against C. violaceum at the concentration of 200 µg/mL. Conclusions The antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms can help to tackle the diseases caused by free radicals. The anti-quorum sensing potential of wild mushrooms could also provide future alternatives to conventional drug therapies cost-effectively. Further detailed chemistry of the bioactive compounds and their possible mechanisms of action responsible for the observed antioxidant and anti-quorum sensing activities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebreselema Gebreyohannes
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
| | - Desta Berhe Sbhatu
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
| | - Andrew Nyerere
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Christine Bii
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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Jain M, Stitt G, Son L, Enioutina EY. Probiotics and Their Bioproducts: A Promising Approach for Targeting Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2393. [PMID: 37894051 PMCID: PMC10608974 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a serious global health problem that poses a threat to the successful treatment of various bacterial infections, especially those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Conventional treatment of MRSA and VRE infections is challenging and often requires alternative or combination therapies that may have limited efficacy, higher costs, and/or more adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Probiotics and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are two promising approaches that have shown potential benefits in various diseases. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. AMPs, usually produced with probiotic bacteria, are short amino acid sequences that have broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Both probiotics and AMPs can modulate the host immune system, inhibit the growth and adhesion of pathogens, disrupt biofilms, and enhance intestinal barrier function. In this paper, we review the current knowledge on the role of probiotics and AMPs in targeting multi-drug-resistant bacteria, with a focus on MRSA and VRE. In addition, we discuss future directions for the clinical use of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elena Y. Enioutina
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (M.J.); (G.S.); (L.S.)
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Tomé AR, Carvalho FM, Teixeira-Santos R, Burmølle M, Mergulhão FJM, Gomes LC. Use of Probiotics to Control Biofilm Formation in Food Industries. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040754. [PMID: 37107116 PMCID: PMC10135146 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms tend to adhere to food contact surfaces and form biofilms, which serve as reservoirs for bacteria that can contaminate food. As part of a biofilm, bacteria are protected from the stressful conditions found during food processing and become tolerant to antimicrobials, including traditional chemical sanitisers and disinfectants. Several studies in the food industry have shown that probiotics can prevent attachment and the consequent biofilm formation by spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. This review discusses the most recent and relevant studies on the effects of probiotics and their metabolites on pre-established biofilms in the food industry. It shows that the use of probiotics is a promising approach to disrupt biofilms formed by a large spectrum of foodborne microorganisms, with Lactiplantibacillus and Lacticaseibacillus being the most tested genera, both in the form of probiotic cells and as sources of cell-free supernatant. The standardisation of anti-biofilm assays for evaluating the potential of probiotics in biofilm control is of extreme importance, enabling more reliable, comparable, and predictable results, thus promoting significant advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia R Tomé
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio M Carvalho
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filipe J M Mergulhão
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana C Gomes
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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