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Uritu CM, Al-Matarneh CM, Bostiog DI, Coroaba A, Ghizdovat V, Filipiuc SI, Simionescu N, Stefanescu C, Jalloul W, Nastasa V, Tamba BI, Maier SS, Pinteala M. Radiolabeled multi-layered coated gold nanoparticles as potential biocompatible PET/SPECT tracers. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3659-3675. [PMID: 38530751 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02654j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The demand for tailored, disease-adapted, and easily accessible radiopharmaceuticals is one of the most persistent challenges in nuclear imaging precision medicine. The aim of this work was to develop two multimodal radiotracers applicable for both SPECT and PET techniques, which consist of a gold nanoparticle core, a shell involved in radioisotope entrapment, peripherally placed targeting molecules, and biocompatibilizing polymeric sequences. Shell decoration with glucosamine units located in sterically hindered molecular environments is expected to result in nanoparticle accumulation in high-glucose-consuming areas. Gold cores were synthesized using the Turkevich method, followed by citrate substitution with linear PEG α,ω-functionalized with thiol and amine groups. The free amine groups facilitated the binding of branched polyethyleneimine through an epoxy ring-opening reaction by using PEG α,ω-diglycidyl ether as a linker. Afterwards, the glucose-PEG-epoxy prepolymer has been grafted onto the surface of AuPEG-PEI conjugates. Finally, the AuPEG-PEI-GA conjugates were radiolabeled with 99mTc or 68Ga. Instant thin-layer chromatography was used to evaluate the radiolabeling yield. The biocompatibility of non-labeled and 99mTc or 68Ga labeled nanoparticles was assessed on normal fibroblasts. The 99mTc complexes remained stable for over 22 hours, while the 68Ga containing ones revealed a slight decrease in stability after 1 hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Uritu
- Advanced Center for Research and Development in Experimental Medicine "Prof. Ostin C. Mungiu", "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Cristina M Al-Matarneh
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Denisse I Bostiog
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adina Coroaba
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Vlad Ghizdovat
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics, Nuclear medicine, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Silviu I Filipiuc
- Advanced Center for Research and Development in Experimental Medicine "Prof. Ostin C. Mungiu", "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Natalia Simionescu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics, Nuclear medicine, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Wael Jalloul
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics, Nuclear medicine, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Valentin Nastasa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iasi University of Life Science, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Bogdan I Tamba
- Advanced Center for Research and Development in Experimental Medicine "Prof. Ostin C. Mungiu", "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Stelian S Maier
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
- Polymers Research Center, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania.
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2
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Horikawa M, Joy ST, Sharninghausen LS, Shao X, Mapp AK, Scott PJH, Sanford MS. C-H radiocyanation of bioactive molecules via sequential iodination/copper-mediated cross-coupling. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12068-12072. [PMID: 37969612 PMCID: PMC10631240 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03948j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This report describes a net C-H radiocyanation reaction for the transformation of electron rich (hetero)aromatic substrates into 11CN-labeled products. Electrophilic C(sp2)-H iodination of the (hetero)arene with N-iodosuccinimide is followed by Cu-mediated radiocyanation with K11CN. This sequence is applied to a variety of substrates, including the nucleobases uracil and cytosine, the amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan, and the peptide LYRAGWRAFS, which undergoes selective C-H radiocyanation at the tryptophan (W) residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Horikawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Stephen T Joy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Liam S Sharninghausen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Xia Shao
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan 1301 Catherine Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Anna K Mapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan 1301 Catherine Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
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3
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Žmudová Z, Šanderová Z, Liegertová M, Vinopal S, Herma R, Sušický L, Müllerová M, Strašák T, Malý J. Biodistribution and toxicity assessment of methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimers in 2D and 3D cell cultures of human cancer cells and zebrafish embryos. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15477. [PMID: 37726330 PMCID: PMC10509138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The consideration of human and environmental exposure to dendrimers, including cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, and cell and tissue accumulation, is essential due to their significant potential for various biomedical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the biodistribution and toxicity of a novel methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimer, a potential mitochondria-targeting vector for cancer therapeutics, in 2D and 3D cancer cell cultures and zebrafish embryos. We assessed its cytotoxicity (via MTT, ATP, and Spheroid growth inhibition assays) and cellular biodistribution. The dendrimer cytotoxicity was higher in cancer cells, likely due to its specific targeting to the mitochondrial compartment. In vivo studies using zebrafish demonstrated dendrimer distribution within the vascular and gastrointestinal systems, indicating a biodistribution profile that may be beneficial for systemic therapeutic delivery strategies. The methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimer shows promise for applications in cancer cell delivery, but additional studies are required to confirm these findings using alternative labelling methods and more physiologically relevant models. Our results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the potential of carbosilane dendrimers as vectors for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Žmudová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Šanderová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Liegertová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Stanislav Vinopal
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Regina Herma
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Sušický
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Müllerová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Strašák
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
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4
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Ekinci M, Alencar LMR, Lopes AM, Santos-Oliveira R, İlem-Özdemir D. Radiolabeled Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Methotrexate and Decorated with Trastuzumab for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:477. [PMID: 37754891 PMCID: PMC10532481 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, with millions of new cases diagnosed yearly. Addressing the burden of breast cancer mortality requires a comprehensive approach involving early detection, accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and equitable access to healthcare services. In this direction, nano-radiopharmaceuticals have shown potential for enhancing breast cancer diagnosis by combining the benefits of nanoparticles and radiopharmaceutical agents. These nanoscale formulations can provide improved imaging capabilities, increased targeting specificity, and enhanced sensitivity for detecting breast cancer lesions. In this study, we developed and evaluated a novel nano-radio radiopharmaceutical, technetium-99m ([99mTc]Tc)-labeled trastuzumab (TRZ)-decorated methotrexate (MTX)-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles ([99mTc]-TRZ-MTX-HSA), for the diagnosis of breast cancer. In this context, HSA and MTX-HSA nanoparticles were prepared. Conjugation of MTX-HSA nanoparticles with TRZ was performed using adsorption and covalent bonding methods. The prepared formulations were evaluated for particle size, PDI value, zeta (ζ) potential, scanning electron microscopy analysis, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity and cytotoxicity on MCF-7, 4T1, and MCF-10A cells. Finally, the nanoparticles were radiolabeled with [99mTc]Tc using the direct radiolabeling method, and cellular uptake was performed with the nano-radiopharmaceutical. The results showed the formation of spherical nanoparticles, with a particle size of 224.1 ± 2.46 nm, a PDI value of 0.09 ± 0.07, and a ζ potential value of -16.4 ± 0.53 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of MTX was found to be 32.46 ± 1.12%, and the amount of TRZ was 80.26 ± 1.96%. The labeling with [99mTc]Tc showed a high labeling efficiency (>99%). The cytotoxicity studies showed no effect, and the cellular uptake studies showed 97.54 ± 2.16% uptake in MCF-7 cells at the 120th min and were found to have a 3-fold higher uptake in cancer cells than in healthy cells. In conclusion, [99mTc]Tc-TRZ-MTX-HSA nanoparticles are promising for diagnosing breast cancer and evaluating the response to treatment in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliha Ekinci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35040, Turkey;
| | | | - André Moreni Lopes
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL/USP), São Paulo 12612-550, Brazil;
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro 21941-906, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Derya İlem-Özdemir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35040, Turkey;
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Hurley K, Cao M, Huang H, Wang Y. Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) with Single-Domain Antibodies (Nanobodies). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3493. [PMID: 37444603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistent threat of cancer necessitates the development of improved and more efficient therapeutic strategies that limit damage to healthy tissues. Targeted alpha therapy (TαT), a novel form of radioimmuno-therapy (RIT), utilizes a targeting vehicle, commonly antibodies, to deliver high-energy, but short-range, alpha-emitting particles specifically to cancer cells, thereby reducing toxicity to surrounding normal tissues. Although full-length antibodies are often employed as targeting vehicles for TαT, their high molecular weight and the presence of an Fc-region lead to a long blood half-life, increased bone marrow toxicity, and accumulation in other tissues such as the kidney, liver, and spleen. The discovery of single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), or nanobodies, naturally occurring in camelids and sharks, has introduced a novel antigen-specific vehicle for molecular imaging and TαT. Given that nanobodies are the smallest naturally occurring antigen-binding fragments, they exhibit shorter relative blood half-lives, enhanced tumor uptake, and equivalent or superior binding affinity and specificity. Nanobody technology could provide a viable solution for the off-target toxicity observed with full-length antibody-based TαT. Notably, the pharmacokinetic properties of nanobodies align better with the decay characteristics of many short-lived α-emitting radionuclides. This review aims to encapsulate recent advancements in the use of nanobodies as a vehicle for TαT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hurley
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - Meiyun Cao
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - Haiming Huang
- Research Center, Forlong Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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6
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Śmiłowicz D, Eisenberg S, Ahn SH, Koller AJ, Lampkin PP, Boros E. Radiometallation and photo-triggered release of ready-to-inject radiopharmaceuticals from the solid phase. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5038-5050. [PMID: 37206398 PMCID: PMC10189872 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06977f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient, large-scale synthesis of radiometallated radiopharmaceuticals represents an emerging clinical need which, to date, is inherently limited by time consuming, sequential procedures to conduct isotope separation, radiochemical labeling and purification prior to formulation for injection into the patient. In this work, we demonstrate that a solid-phase based, concerted separation and radiosynthesis strategy followed by photochemical release of radiotracer in biocompatible solvents can be employed to prepare ready-to-inject, clinical grade radiopharmaceuticals. Optimization of resin base, resin loading, and radiochemical labeling capacity are demonstrated with 67Ga and 64Cu radioisotopes using a short model peptide sequence and further validated using two peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals with clinical relevance, targeting the gastrin-releasing peptide and the prostate specific membrane antigen. We also demonstrate that the solid-phase approach enables separation of non-radioactive carrier ions Zn2+ and Ni2+ present at 105-fold excess over 67Ga and 64Cu by taking advantage of the superior Ga3+ and Cu2+ binding affinity of the solid-phase appended, chelator-functionalized peptide. Finally, a proof of concept radiolabeling and subsequent preclinical PET-CT study with the clinically employed positron emitter 68Ga successfully exemplifies that Solid Phase Radiometallation Photorelease (SPRP) allows the streamlined preparation of radiometallated radiopharmaceuticals by concerted, selective radiometal ion capture, radiolabeling and photorelease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Śmiłowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Shawn Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Shin Hye Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Angus J Koller
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Philip P Lampkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
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7
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Cheng Y, Shi D, Ye R, Fu W, Ma P, Si Z, Xu Z, Li L, Lin Q, Cheng D. Noninvasive evaluation of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer by immunoPET imaging using an acylating agent-modified antibody fragment. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1585-1596. [PMID: 36759371 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore an effective 124I labeling strategy and improve the signal-to-noise ratio when evaluating the expression of PD-L1 using an 124I-iodinated durvalumab (durva) F(ab')2 fragment. METHODS The prepared durva F(ab')2 fragments were incubated with N-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (SHPP); after purification, the HPP-durva F(ab')2 was iodinated using Iodo-Gen method. After the radiochemical purity, stability, and specific activities were determined, the binding affinities of probes prepared using different labeling strategies were compared in vitro. The clinical application value of [124I]I-HPP-durva-F(ab')2 was confirmed by PET imaging. To more objectively evaluate the in vivo distribution and clearance of tracers, the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution assays were also performed. RESULTS After being modified with SHPP, the average conjugation number of SHPP per durva-F(ab')2 identified by LC-MS was about 8.92 ± 2.84. The prepared [124I]I-HPP-durva F(ab')2 was obtained with a satisfactory radiochemical purity of more than 98% and stability of more than 93% when incubated for 72 h. Compared with unmodified [124I]I-durva F(ab')2, the specific activity of [124I]I-HPP-durva-F(ab')2 was improved (52.91 ± 5.55 MBq/mg and 15.91 ± 0.74 MBq/mg), while the affinity did not significantly change. The biodistribution experiments and PET imaging showed that the prepared [124I]I-HPP-durva-F(ab')2 exhibited an accelerated clearance and improved tumor-to-background ratio compared with [124I]I-durva-F(ab')2. The specificity of [124I]I-HPP-durva-F(ab')2 to PD-L1 was well demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS A PD-L1 PET imaging probe [124I]I-HPP-durva F(ab')2 was successfully synthesized through the SHPP modification strategy. The prepared probe was able to accurately evaluate the PD-L1 expression level through high-contrast noninvasive imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dai Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renjie Ye
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenhui Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhan Si
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingyu Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Dengfeng Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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8
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Caers J, Duray E, Vrancken L, Marcion G, Bocuzzi V, De Veirman K, Krasniqi A, Lejeune M, Withofs N, Devoogdt N, Dumoulin M, Karlström AE, D’Huyvetter M. Radiotheranostic Agents in Hematological Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911080. [PMID: 35865548 PMCID: PMC9294596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a cancer treatment that combines radiation therapy with tumor-directed monoclonal antibodies (Abs). Although RIT had been introduced for the treatment of CD20 positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma decades ago, it never found a broad clinical application. In recent years, researchers have developed theranostic agents based on Ab fragments or small Ab mimetics such as peptides, affibodies or single-chain Abs with improved tumor-targeting capacities. Theranostics combine diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities into a single pharmaceutical agent; this dual application can be easily achieved after conjugation to radionuclides. The past decade has seen a trend to increased specificity, fastened pharmacokinetics, and personalized medicine. In this review, we discuss the different strategies introduced for the noninvasive detection and treatment of hematological malignancies by radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the future applications of these radiotheranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Caers
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Jo Caers,
| | - Elodie Duray
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Centre for Protein Engineering, Inbios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Louise Vrancken
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Marcion
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Valentina Bocuzzi
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmet Krasniqi
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margaux Lejeune
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nadia Withofs
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mireille Dumoulin
- Centre for Protein Engineering, Inbios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias D’Huyvetter
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Ebrahimi F, Hosseinimehr SJ. Homomultimer strategy for improvement of radiolabeled peptides and antibody fragments in tumor targeting. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4923-4957. [PMID: 35450521 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220420131836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A homomultimeric radioligand is composed of multiple identical ligands connected to the linker and radionuclide to detect a variety of overexpressed receptors on cancer cells. Multimer strategy holds great potential for introducing new radiotracers based on peptide and monoclonal antibody (mAb) derivatives in molecular imaging and therapy. It offers a reliable procedure for the preparation of biological-based targeting with diverse affinities and pharmacokinetics. In this context, we provide a useful summary and interpretation of the main results by a comprehensive look at multimeric radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear oncology. Therefore, there will be explanations for the strategy mechanisms and the main variables affecting the biodistribution results. The discussion is followed by highlights of recent work in the targeting of various types of receptors. The consequences are expressed based on comparing some parameters between monomer and multimer counterparts in each relevant section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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10
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Liu L, Rambarran T, Muirhead B, Lasowski F, Sheardown H. A Radiolabeling Method for Precise Quantification of Polymers. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:634-642. [PMID: 35353491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeling a protein, molecule, or polymer can provide accurate and precise quantification in biochemistry, biomaterials, pharmacology, and drug delivery research. Herein, we describe a method to 125I label two different polymers for precise quantification in different applications. The surfaces of model contact lenses were modified with phenylboronic acid to bind and release the natural polymer, hyaluronic acid (HA); HA uptake and release were quantified by radiolabeling. In the second example, the in vivo distribution of a mucoadhesive micelle composed of the block copolymer of poly(lactide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) was investigated. The presence of phenyl boronic acid groups (PBA), which bind to mucosal surfaces, was proposed to improve the retention of the micelle. 125I labeling of polymers was examined for quantification of microgram amounts of HA present on a contact lens or to evaluate the enhanced retention of PBA micelles on mucosal surfaces in vivo. The introduction of phenol groups onto the polymers allowed for the labeling. HA was modified with phenol groups through a coupling reaction of its carboxylic acid with hydroxybenzylamine. Phenol functional block copolymer micelles with and without PBA were synthesized by including N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)acrylamide during polymerization. The phenol groups of HA and the block copolymers were labeled with 125I using a modified ICl labeling method. 125I labeling enabled quantification of HA loading and release including the effect of varying amounts of PBA on the contact lens surfaces. Micelles made from 125I-labeled block copolymers with and without PBA were administered intranasally to Brown Norway rats. The animals were sacrificed either immediately after or 4 h after their last nasal instillation, and the nasopharyngeal tissues were removed and quantified. Radioactivity measurements demonstrated that the presence of the PBA mucosal binding groups led to approximately four times higher retention. The HA and block copolymer 125I labeling presented in this article demonstrates the utility of the method for quantification and tracking of microgram quantities of polymers in diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Talena Rambarran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ben Muirhead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Frances Lasowski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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11
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Nerella SG, Singh P, Sanam T, Digwal CS. PET Molecular Imaging in Drug Development: The Imaging and Chemistry Perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:812270. [PMID: 35295604 PMCID: PMC8919964 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.812270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography with selective radioligands advances the drug discovery and development process by revealing information about target engagement, proof of mechanism, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Positron emission tomography (PET) is an essential and highly significant tool to study therapeutic drug development, dose regimen, and the drug plasma concentrations of new drug candidates. Selective radioligands bring up target-specific information in several disease states including cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological conditions by quantifying various rates of biological processes with PET, which are associated with its physiological changes in living subjects, thus it reveals disease progression and also advances the clinical investigation. This study explores the major roles, applications, and advances of PET molecular imaging in drug discovery and development process with a wide range of radiochemistry as well as clinical outcomes of positron-emitting carbon-11 and fluorine-18 radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priti Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tulja Sanam
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Chander Singh Digwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
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12
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Nerella SG, Bhattacharya A, Thacker PS, Tulja S. Synthetic methodologies and PET imaging applications of fluorine-18 radiotracers: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:455-473. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2032649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru–560 029, India
| | - Ahana Bhattacharya
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru–560 029, India
| | - Pavitra S Thacker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad–500 037, India
| | - Sanam Tulja
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065, India
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13
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Alirezapour B, Ashkezari M, Fini M, Rasaee M, Mohammadnejad J, Paknejad M, Maadi E, Yousefnia H, Zolghadri S. Preparation and preclinical characterization of 111In-DTPA-Anti-MUC1 as a radioimmunoconjugate for diagnosis of breast cancer by single-photon emission computed tomography. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:158-167. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_730_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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14
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Hrynchak I, Santos L, Falcão A, Gomes CM, Abrunhosa AJ. Nanobody-Based Theranostic Agents for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Radiolabeling Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910745. [PMID: 34639086 PMCID: PMC8509594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer (BC) has been associated with a more aggressive tumor subtype, poorer prognosis and shorter overall survival. In this context, the development of HER2-targeted radiotracers is crucial to provide a non-invasive assessment of HER2 expression to select patients for HER2-targeted therapies, monitor response and identify those who become resistant. Antibodies represent ideal candidates for this purpose, as they provide high contrast images for diagnosis and low toxicity in the therapeutic setting. Of those, nanobodies (Nb) are of particular interest considering their favorable kinetics, crossing of relevant biological membranes and intratumoral distribution. The purpose of this review is to highlight the unique characteristics and advantages of Nb-based radiotracers in BC imaging and therapy. Additionally, radiolabeling methods for Nb including direct labeling, indirect labeling via prosthetic group and indirect labeling via complexation will be discussed, reporting advantages and drawbacks. Furthermore, the preclinical to clinical translation of radiolabeled Nbs as promising theranostic agents will be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna Hrynchak
- ICNAS-Produção Unipessoal, Lda.—University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.H.); (L.S.)
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Liliana Santos
- ICNAS-Produção Unipessoal, Lda.—University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.H.); (L.S.)
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Célia M. Gomes
- iCBR—Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC—Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antero J. Abrunhosa
- ICNAS-Produção Unipessoal, Lda.—University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.H.); (L.S.)
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Islam A, Pishesha N, Harmand TJ, Heston H, Woodham AW, Cheloha RW, Bousbaine D, Rashidian M, Ploegh HL. Converting an Anti-Mouse CD4 Monoclonal Antibody into an scFv Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agent for Longitudinal Monitoring of CD4 + T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1468-1477. [PMID: 34408009 PMCID: PMC8387391 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-positron emission tomography (PET), a noninvasive imaging modality, can provide a dynamic approach for longitudinal assessment of cell populations of interest. Transformation of mAbs into single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-based PET imaging agents would allow noninvasive tracking in vivo of a wide range of possible targets. We used sortase-mediated enzymatic labeling in combination with PEGylation to develop an anti-mouse CD4 scFv-based PET imaging agent constructed from an anti-mouse CD4 mAb. This anti-CD4 scFv can monitor the in vivo distribution of CD4+ T cells by immuno-PET. We tracked CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in wild-type mice, in immunodeficient recipients reconstituted with monoclonal populations of OT-II and OT-I T cells, and in a B16 melanoma model. Anti-CD4 and -CD8 immuno-PET showed that the persistence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transferred into immunodeficient mice improved when recipients were immunized with OVA in CFA. In tumor-bearing animals, infiltration of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased as the tumor grew. The approach described in this study should be readily applicable to convert clinically useful Abs into the corresponding scFv PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraful Islam
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Thibault J Harmand
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hailey Heston
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew W Woodham
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ross W Cheloha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Djenet Bousbaine
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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16
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Wu S, Helal-Neto E, Matos APDS, Jafari A, Kozempel J, Silva YJDA, Serrano-Larrea C, Alves Junior S, Ricci-Junior E, Alexis F, Santos-Oliveira R. Radioactive polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical application. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1544-1561. [PMID: 33118416 PMCID: PMC7599028 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1837296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, emerging radiolabeled nanosystems are revolutionizing medicine in terms of diagnostics, treatment, and theranostics. These radionuclides include polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomal carriers, dendrimers, magnetic iron oxide NPs, silica NPs, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic metal-based nanoformulations. Between these nano-platforms, polymeric NPs have gained attention in the biomedical field due to their excellent properties, such as their surface to mass ratio, quantum properties, biodegradability, low toxicity, and ability to absorb and carry other molecules. In addition, NPs are capable of carrying high payloads of radionuclides which can be used for diagnostic, treatment, and theranostics depending on the radioactive material linked. The radiolabeling process of nanoparticles can be performed by direct or indirect labeling process. In both cases, the most appropriate must be selected in order to keep the targeting properties as preserved as possible. In addition, radionuclide therapy has the advantage of delivering a highly concentrated absorbed dose to the targeted tissue while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Said another way, radioactive polymeric NPs represent a promising prospect in the treatment and diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac ischemia, infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, and other type of cancer cells or tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shentian Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Edward Helal-Neto
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Amir Jafari
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology in the Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ján Kozempel
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering (FJFI), Czech Technical University in Prague (ČVUT), Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Severino Alves Junior
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank Alexis
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Zona Oeste State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Nosrati Z, Esquinas PL, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Tran T, Maharaj A, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO. Simultaneous SPECT imaging with 123I and 125I - a practical approach to assessing a drug and its carrier at the same time with dual imaging. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120884. [PMID: 34271154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeling of a drug with radioactive iodine is a good method to determine its pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in vivo that only minimally alters its physicochemical properties. With dual labeling, using the two radioactive iodine isotopes 123I and 125I, two different drugs can be evaluated at the same time, or one can follow both a drug and its drug delivery system using a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imager. One difficulty is that the two radioisotopes have overlapping gamma spectra. Our aim was therefore to develop a technique that overcomes this problem and allows for quantitative analysis of the two radioisotopes present at varied isotope ratios. For this purpose, we developed a simple method that included scatter and attenuation corrections and fully compensated for 123I/125I crosstalk, and then tested it in phantom measurements. The method was applied to the study of an orally administered lipid formulation for the delivery of fenofibrate in rats. To directly compare a traditional study, where fenofibrate was determined in plasma samples to SPECT imaging with 123I-labeled fenofibrate and 125I-labeled triolein over 24 h, the drug concentrations were converted to standardized uptake values (SUVs), an unusual unit for pharmaceutical scientists, but the standard unit for radiologists. A generally good agreement between the traditional and the radioactive imaging method was found in the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution results. Small differences are discussed in detail. Overall, SPECT imaging is an excellent method to pilot a new formulation with just a few animals, replaces blood sampling, and can very quickly highlight potential administration problems, the excretion pathways and the kinetics. Furthermore, dual labeling with the two radioisotopes 123I and 125I clearly shows if a drug and its drug delivery system stay together when traveling through the body, if slow drug release takes place, and where degradation/excretion of the components occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Nosrati
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pedro L Esquinas
- IBM Watson Health Imaging, 6303 Airport Road, Mississauga, Ontario, L4V 1R8 Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Thuy Tran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Anil Maharaj
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katayoon Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
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18
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Bolcaen J, Nair S, Driver CHS, Boshomane TMG, Ebenhan T, Vandevoorde C. Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:626. [PMID: 34209513 PMCID: PMC8308832 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) remains the most fatal brain tumor characterized by a high infiltration rate and treatment resistance. Overexpression and/or mutation of receptor tyrosine kinases is common in GB, which subsequently leads to the activation of many downstream pathways that have a critical impact on tumor progression and therapy resistance. Therefore, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) have been investigated to improve the dismal prognosis of GB in an effort to evolve into a personalized targeted therapy strategy with a better treatment outcome. Numerous RTKIs have been approved in the clinic and several radiopharmaceuticals are part of (pre)clinical trials as a non-invasive method to identify patients who could benefit from RTKI. The latter opens up the scope for theranostic applications. In this review, the present status of RTKIs for the treatment, nuclear imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy of GB is presented. The focus will be on seven tyrosine kinase receptors, based on their central role in GB: EGFR, VEGFR, MET, PDGFR, FGFR, Eph receptor and IGF1R. Finally, by way of analyzing structural and physiological characteristics of the TKIs with promising clinical trial results, four small molecule RTKIs were selected based on their potential to become new therapeutic GB radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Cathryn H. S. Driver
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, Brits 0240, South Africa;
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
| | - Tebatso M. G. Boshomane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Department of Science and Technology, North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
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Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a large, transmembrane mucin glycoprotein overexpressed in most adenocarcinomas and plays an important role in tumor progression. Regarding its cellular distribution, biochemical features, and function, tumor-related MUC1 varies from the MUC1 expressed in normal cells. Therefore, targeting MUC1 for cancer immunotherapy and imaging can exploit the difference between cancerous and normal cells. Radiopharmaceuticals have a potential use as carriers for the delivery of radionuclides to tumors for a diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy. Several radiolabeled targeting molecules like peptides, antibodies, and aptamers have been efficiently demonstrated in detecting and treating cancer by targeting MUC1. This review provides a brief overview of the current status of developments and applications of MUC1-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in cancer imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Maleki
- Research Center of oils and fats, Food and Drug Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rezazadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kambiz Varmira
- Research Center of oils and fats, Food and Drug Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Kumar K, Ghosh A. Radiochemistry, Production Processes, Labeling Methods, and ImmunoPET Imaging Pharmaceuticals of Iodine-124. Molecules 2021; 26:E414. [PMID: 33466827 PMCID: PMC7830191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Target-specific biomolecules, monoclonal antibodies (mAb), proteins, and protein fragments are known to have high specificity and affinity for receptors associated with tumors and other pathological conditions. However, the large biomolecules have relatively intermediate to long circulation half-lives (>day) and tumor localization times. Combining superior target specificity of mAbs and high sensitivity and resolution of the PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging technique has created a paradigm-shifting imaging modality, ImmunoPET. In addition to metallic PET radionuclides, 124I is an attractive radionuclide for radiolabeling of mAbs as potential immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals due to its physical properties (decay characteristics and half-life), easy and routine production by cyclotrons, and well-established methodologies for radioiodination. The objective of this report is to provide a comprehensive review of the physical properties of iodine and iodine radionuclides, production processes of 124I, various 124I-labeling methodologies for large biomolecules, mAbs, and the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for various cancer targets in preclinical and clinical environments. A summary of several production processes, including 123Te(d,n)124I, 124Te(d,2n)124I, 121Sb(α,n)124I, 123Sb(α,3n)124I, 123Sb(3He,2n)124I, natSb(α, xn)124I, natSb(3He,n)124I reactions, a detailed overview of the 124Te(p,n)124I reaction (including target selection, preparation, processing, and recovery of 124I), and a fully automated process that can be scaled up for GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) production of large quantities of 124I is provided. Direct, using inorganic and organic oxidizing agents and enzyme catalysis, and indirect, using prosthetic groups, 124I-labeling techniques have been discussed. Significant research has been conducted, in more than the last two decades, in the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for target-specific cancer detection. Details of preclinical and clinical evaluations of the potential 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals are described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA;
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22
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Neumaier F, Zlatopolskiy BD, Neumaier B. Nuclear Medicine in Times of COVID-19: How Radiopharmaceuticals Could Help to Fight the Current and Future Pandemics. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1247. [PMID: 33371500 PMCID: PMC7767508 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and global spread of COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a continuing pandemic threat to global health. Nuclear medicine techniques can be used for functional imaging of (patho)physiological processes at the cellular or molecular level and for treatment approaches based on targeted delivery of therapeutic radionuclides. Ongoing development of radiolabeling methods has significantly improved the accessibility of radiopharmaceuticals for in vivo molecular imaging or targeted radionuclide therapy, but their use for biosafety threats such as SARS-CoV-2 is restricted by the contagious nature of these agents. Here, we highlight several potential uses of nuclear medicine in the context of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, many of which could also be performed in laboratories without dedicated containment measures. In addition, we provide a broad overview of experimental or repurposed SARS-CoV-2-targeting drugs and describe how radiolabeled analogs of these compounds could facilitate antiviral drug development and translation to the clinic, reduce the incidence of late-stage failures and possibly provide the basis for radionuclide-based treatment strategies. Based on the continuing threat by emerging coronaviruses and other pathogens, it is anticipated that these applications of nuclear medicine will become a more important part of future antiviral drug development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Neumaier
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany; (B.D.Z.); (B.N.)
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris D. Zlatopolskiy
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany; (B.D.Z.); (B.N.)
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany; (B.D.Z.); (B.N.)
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
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Bordes J, Incerti S, Mora-Ramirez E, Tranel J, Rossi C, Bezombes C, Bordenave J, Bardiès M, Brown R, Bordage MC. Monte Carlo dosimetry of a realistic multicellular model of follicular lymphoma in a context of radioimmunotherapy. Med Phys 2020; 47:5222-5234. [PMID: 32623743 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Small-scale dosimetry studies generally consider an artificial environment where the tumors are spherical and the radionuclides are homogeneously biodistributed. However, tumor shapes are irregular and radiopharmaceutical biodistributions are heterogeneous, impacting the energy deposition in targeted radionuclide therapy. To bring realism, we developed a dosimetric methodology based on a three-dimensional in vitro model of follicular lymphoma incubated with rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which might be combined with a radionuclide. The effects of the realistic geometry and biodistribution on the absorbed dose were highlighted by comparison with literature data. Additionally, to illustrate the possibilities of this methodology, the effect of different radionuclides on the absorbed dose distribution delivered to the in vitro tumor were compared. METHODS The starting point was a model named multicellular aggregates of lymphoma cells (MALC). Three MALCs of different dimensions and their rituximab biodistribution were considered. Geometry, antibody location and concentration were extracted from selective plane illumination microscopy. Assuming antibody radiolabeling with Auger electron (125 I and 111 In) and β- particle emitters (177 Lu, 131 I and 90 Y), we simulated energy deposition in MALCs using two Monte Carlo codes: Geant4-DNA with "CPA100" physics models for Auger electron emitters and Geant4 with "Livermore" physics models for β- particle emitters. RESULTS MALCs had ellipsoid-like shapes with major radii, r, of ~0.25, ~0.5 and ~1.3 mm. Rituximab was concentrated in the periphery of the MALCs. The absorbed doses delivered by 177 Lu, 131 I and 90 Y in MALCs were compared with literature data for spheres with two types of homogeneous biodistributions (on the surface or throughout the volume). Compared to the MALCs, the mean absorbed doses delivered in spheres with surface biodistributions were between 18% and 38% lower, while with volume biodistribution they were between 15% and 29% higher. Regarding the radionuclides comparison, the relationship between MALC dimensions, rituximab biodistribution and energy released per decay impacted the absorbed doses. Despite releasing less energy, 125 I delivered a greater absorbed dose per decay than 111 In in the r ~ 0.25 mm MALC (6.78·10-2 vs 6.26·10-2 µGy·Bq-1 ·s-1 ). Similarly, the absorbed doses per decay in the r ~ 0.5 mm MALC for 177 Lu (2.41·10-2 µGy·Bq-1 ·s-1 ) and 131 I (2.46·10-2 µGy·Bq-1 ·s-1 ) are higher than for 90 Y (1.98·10-2 µGy·Bq-1 ·s-1 ). Furthermore, radionuclides releasing more energy per decay delivered absorbed dose more uniformly through the MALCs. Finally, when considering the radiopharmaceutical effective half-life, due to the biological half-life of rituximab being best matched by the physical half-life of 177 Lu and 131 I compared to 90 Y, the first two radionuclides delivered higher absorbed doses. CONCLUSION In the simulated configurations, β- emitters delivered higher and more uniform absorbed dose than Auger electron emitters. When considering radiopharmaceutical half-lives, 177 Lu and 131 I delivered absorbed doses higher than 90 Y. In view of real irradiation of MALCs, such a work may be useful to select suited radionuclides and to help explain the biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bordes
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France
| | - Sébastien Incerti
- Université de Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, Gradignan, F-33170, France.,CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, Gradignan, F-33170, France
| | - Erick Mora-Ramirez
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,Escuela de Física, CICANUM, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Jonathan Tranel
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Cédric Rossi
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,CHU Dijon, Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital François Mitterand, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Christine Bezombes
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France
| | - Julie Bordenave
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France
| | - Manuel Bardiès
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France
| | - Richard Brown
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, 235 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Bordage
- CRCT, UMR 1037 INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France.,UMR 1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31037, France
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Alnahwi A, Ait-Mohand S, Dumulon-Perreault V, Dory YL, Guérin B. Promising Performance of 4HMS, a New Zirconium-89 Octadendate Chelator. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10731-10739. [PMID: 32455192 PMCID: PMC7240819 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the interest in zirconium-89 (89Zr) as a positron-emitting radionuclide increased considerably because of its standardized production and its physical half-life (78.41 h), which matches the biological half-life of antibodies and its successful use in preclinical and clinical applications. So far, desferrioxamine (DFO), a commercially available chelator, has been mainly used as a bifunctional chelating system. However, there are some concerns regarding the in vivo stability of the [89Zr]Zr-DFO complex. In this study, we report the synthesis of an acyclic N-hydroxy-N-methyl succinamide-based chelator (4HMS) with 8 coordination sites and our first investigations into the use of this new chelator for 89Zr complexation. In vitro and in vivo comparative studies with [89Zr]Zr-4HMS and [89Zr]Zr-DFO are presented. The 4HMS chelator was synthesized in four steps starting with an excellent overall yield. Both chelators were quantitatively labeled with 89Zr within 5-10 min at pH 7 and room temperature; the molar activity of [89Zr]Zr-4HMS exceeded (>3 times) that of [89Zr]Zr-DFO. [89Zr]Zr-4HMS remained stable against transmetalation and transchelation and cleared from most tissues within 24 h. The kidney, liver, bone, and spleen uptakes were significantly low for this 89Zr-complex. Positron emission tomography images were in accordance with the results of the biodistribution in healthy mice. Based on DFT calculations, a rationale is provided for the high stability of 89Zr-4HMS. This makes 4HMS a promising chelator for future development of 89Zr-radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman
H. Alnahwi
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Samia Ait-Mohand
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Véronique Dumulon-Perreault
- Sherbrooke
Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), CRCHUS, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yves L. Dory
- Laboratoire
de Synthèse Supramoléculaire. Department of Chemistry,
Institut de Pharmacologie, Université
de Sherbooke, 3001, 12e
Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Sherbrooke
Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), CRCHUS, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
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25
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Application of molecular imaging technology in tumor immunotherapy. Cell Immunol 2020; 348:104039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Goud NS, Joshi RK, Bharath RD, Kumar P. Fluorine-18: A radionuclide with diverse range of radiochemistry and synthesis strategies for target based PET diagnosis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Proposal for an ecofriendly and economic strategy for efficient radioiodination of coumarin derivatives. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 151:265-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Peltek OO, Muslimov AR, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. Current outlook on radionuclide delivery systems: from design consideration to translation into clinics. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:90. [PMID: 31434562 PMCID: PMC6704557 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals have proven to be effective agents, since they can be successfully applied for both diagnostics and therapy. Effective application of relevant radionuclides in pre-clinical and clinical studies depends on the choice of a sufficient delivery platform. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review on the most relevant aspects in radionuclide delivery using the most employed carrier systems, including, (i) monoclonal antibodies and their fragments, (ii) organic and (iii) inorganic nanoparticles, and (iv) microspheres. This review offers an extensive analysis of radionuclide delivery systems, the approaches of their modification and radiolabeling strategies with the further prospects of their implementation in multimodal imaging and disease curing. Finally, the comparative outlook on the carriers and radionuclide choice, as well as on the targeting efficiency of the developed systems is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii O Peltek
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies (RRCRST) of Ministry of Public Health, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russian Federation
| | - Albert R Muslimov
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies (RRCRST) of Ministry of Public Health, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies (RRCRST) of Ministry of Public Health, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russian Federation.
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
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29
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Facile radiolabeling optimization process via design of experiments and an intelligent optimization algorithm: Application for omeprazole radioiodination. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:280-287. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Leygue N, Enel M, Diallo A, Mestre-Voegtlé B, Galaup C, Picard C. Efficient Synthesis of a Family of Bifunctional Chelators Based on the PCTA[12] Macrocycle Suitable for Bioconjugation. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Leygue
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Morgane Enel
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Abdel Diallo
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Béatrice Mestre-Voegtlé
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Chantal Galaup
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Claude Picard
- SPCMIB; UMR 5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
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31
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Daum S, Magnusson JP, Pes L, Garcia Fernandez J, Chercheja S, Medda F, Nollmann FI, Koester SD, Perez Galan P, Warnecke A, Abu Ajaj K, Kratz F. Development of a Novel Imaging Agent for Determining Albumin Uptake in Solid Tumors. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 53:189-198. [PMID: 31231439 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-019-00587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the albumin-binding compound 111In-C4-DTPA as an imaging agent for the detection of endogenous albumin accumulation in tumors. Methods 111In-C4-DTPA was injected in healthy nude mice for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies (10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h, n = 4) and subsequently in tumor-bearing mice for single-photon emission computed tomography/X-ray-computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging studies. Four different human tumor xenograft models (LXFL529, OVXF899, MAXFTN401, and CXF2081) were implanted subcutaneously unilaterally or bilaterally (n = 4-8). After intravenous administration of 111In-C4-DTPA, SPECT/CT images were collected over 72 h at 4-6 time points. Additionally, gamma counting was performed for the blood, plasma, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, muscle, and tumors at 72 h post-injection. Results 111In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection, and the radiolabeled albumin conjugate thus formed was stable in murine and human serum. SPECT/CT images demonstrated a time-dependent uptake with a maximum of 2.7-3.8% ID/cm3 in the tumors at approximately 24 h post-injection and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 3.2-6.2 between 24 and 72 h post-injection. The kidneys and bladder were the predominant elimination organs. Gamma counting at 72 h post-injection showed 1.3-2.5% ID/g in the tumors and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 4.9-9.4. Conclusion 111In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection and showed time-dependent uptake in the tumors demonstrating a potential for clinical application as a companion imaging diagnostic for albumin-binding anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Daum
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J P Magnusson
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Pes
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Garcia Fernandez
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Chercheja
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Medda
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F I Nollmann
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S D Koester
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Perez Galan
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Warnecke
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Abu Ajaj
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Kratz
- Centurion Biopharma Corporation/CytRx Drug Discovery Branch, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
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32
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Rezazadeh F, Sadeghzadeh N. Tumor targeting with 99m Tc radiolabeled peptides: Clinical application and recent development. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:205-221. [PMID: 30299570 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Targeting overexpressed receptors on the cancer cells with radiolabeled peptides has become very important in nuclear oncology in the recent years. Peptides are small and have easy preparation and easy radiolabeling protocol with no side-effect and toxicity. These properties made them a valuable tool for tumor targeting. Based on the successful imaging of neuroendocrine tumors with 111 In-octreotide, other receptor-targeting peptides such as bombesin (BBN), cholecystokinin/gastrin analogues, neurotensin analogues, glucagon-like peptide-1, and RGD peptides are currently under development or undergoing clinical trials. The most frequently used radionuclides for tumor imaging are 99m Tc and 111 In for single-photon emission computed tomography and 68 Ga and 18 F for positron emission tomography imaging. This review presents some of the 99m Tc-labeled peptides, with regard to their potential for radionuclide imaging of tumors in clinical and preclinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rezazadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nourollah Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Pauwels E, Cleeren F, Bormans G, Deroose CM. Somatostatin receptor PET ligands - the next generation for clinical practice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 8:311-331. [PMID: 30510849 PMCID: PMC6261874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are variably expressed by a variety of malignancies. Using radiolabeled somatostatin analogs (SSAs), the presence of SSTRs on tumor cells may be exploited for molecular imaging and for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. 111In-DTPA-octreotide has long been the standard in SSTR scintigraphy. A major leap forward was the introduction of gallium-68 labeled SSAs for positron emission tomography (PET) offering improved sensitivity. Tracers currently in clinical use are 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTATOC), 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate (68Ga-DOTATATE) and 68Ga-DOTA-1-NaI3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTANOC), collectively referred to as 68Ga-DOTA-peptides. 68Ga-DOTA-peptide PET has superseded 111In-DTPA-octreotide scintigraphy as the modality of choice for SSTR imaging. However, implementation of 68Ga-DOTA-peptides in routine clinical practice is often limited by practical, economical and regulatory factors related to the use of the current generation of 68Ge/68Ga generators. Centralized production and distribution is challenging due to the low production yield and relatively short half-life of gallium-68. Furthermore, gallium-68 has a relatively long positron range, compromising spatial resolution on modern PET cameras. Therefore, possibilities of using other PET radionuclides are being explored. On the other hand, new developments in SSTR PET ligands are strongly driven by the need for improved lesion targeting, especially for tumors with low SSTR expression. This may be achieved by using peptide vectors having a higher affinity for the SSTR or a broader affinity profile for the different receptor subtypes or by using compounds recognizing more binding sites, such as SSTR antagonists. This review gives an overview of recent developments leading to the next generation of clinical PET tracers for SSTR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Pauwels
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Cleeren
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
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34
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Wang Z, Tian R, Niu G, Ma Y, Lang L, Szajek LP, Kiesewetter DO, Jacobson O, Chen X. Single Low-Dose Injection of Evans Blue Modified PSMA-617 Radioligand Therapy Eliminates Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positive Tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3213-3221. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhantong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Rui Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ying Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lawrence P. Szajek
- Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Dale O. Kiesewetter
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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35
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Kaur A, Gupta S, Tyagi A, Sharma RK, Ali J, Gabrani R, Dang S. Development of Nanoemulsion Based Gel Loaded with Phytoconstituents for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection and in Vivo Biodistribution Studies. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:611-619. [PMID: 29399551 PMCID: PMC5788216 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: A nanoemulsion based gel containing Polyphenon 60 (P60) and cranberry (CRB) has been developed to deliver via intravaginal route for the treatment of urinary tract infection. Methods: Polyphenon 60 and cranberry were loaded in a single nanoemulsion gel (NBG) by ultra-sonication method and characterized for particle size, rheological properties, in vitro release and growth curve analysis. P60+CRB NBG were radiolabelled using technetium pertechnetate (99mTc) to perform in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in animals. Results: The finalized NE had a droplet size of 58±1 nm. In vitro release of 90.92 ± 0.6% in 8 hr for P60 and 99.39 ± 0.5% in 6 hr for CRB was observed in simulated vaginal fluid. Growth curve of E. coli indicated the inhibitory action of nanoemulsion based gel at the fifth hour of inoculation. Gamma scintigraphy studies on female Sprague-Dawley rats showed transport of nanoemulsion based gel from the vaginal cavity into the systemic circulation. Further, biodistribution studies with radiolabelled P60+CRB NBG showed significant higher uptake of radiolabelled actives by kidney (3.20±0.16) and urinary bladder (3.64±0.29), when administered intravaginally. Conclusion: The findings suggested 99mTc-P60+CRB NBG can potentially be transported through vaginal cavity and reach the target organs and showed effective distribution in organs affected in urinary tract infection
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Affiliation(s)
- Atinderpal Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Tehnology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, UP 201307, India
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Tehnology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, UP 201307, India
| | - Amit Tyagi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Reema Gabrani
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Tehnology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, UP 201307, India
| | - Shweta Dang
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Tehnology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, UP 201307, India
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Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers, often termed 'chemical antibodies', are functionally comparable to traditional antibodies, but offer several advantages, including their relatively small physical size, flexible structure, quick chemical production, versatile chemical modification, high stability and lack of immunogenicity. In addition, many aptamers are internalized upon binding to cellular receptors, making them useful targeted delivery agents for small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs and conventional drugs. However, several crucial factors have delayed the clinical translation of therapeutic aptamers, such as their inherent physicochemical characteristics and lack of safety data. This Review discusses these challenges, highlighting recent clinical developments and technological advances that have revived the impetus for this promising class of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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ImmunoPET for assessing the differential uptake of a CD146-specific monoclonal antibody in lung cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:2169-2179. [PMID: 27342417 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overexpression of CD146 in solid tumors has been linked to disease progression, invasion, and metastasis. We describe the generation of a 64Cu-labeled CD146-specific antibody and its use for quantitative immunoPET imaging of CD146 expression in six lung cancer models. METHODS The anti-CD146 antibody (YY146) was conjugated to 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid (NOTA) and radiolabeled with 64Cu. CD146 expression was evaluated in six human lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H358, NCI-H522, HCC4006, H23, and NCI-H460) by flow cytometry and quantitative western blot studies. The biodistribution and tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146 was assessed by sequential PET imaging in athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous lung cancer xenografts. The correlation between CD146 expression and tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146 was evaluated by graphical software while ex vivo biodistribution and immunohistochemistry studies were performed to validate the accuracy of PET data and spatial expression of CD146. RESULTS Flow cytometry and western blot studies showed similar findings with H460 and H23 cells showing high levels of expression of CD146. Small differences in CD146 expression levels were found among A549, H4006, H522, and H358 cells. Tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146 was highest in CD146-expressing H460 and H23 tumors, peaking at 20.1 ± 2.86 and 11.6 ± 2.34 %ID/g at 48 h after injection (n = 4). Tumor uptake was lowest in the H522 model (4.1 ± 0.98 %ID/g at 48 h after injection; n = 4), while H4006, A549 and H358 exhibited similar uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146. A positive correlation was found between tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146 (%ID/g) and relative CD146 expression (r 2 = 0.98, p < 0.01). Ex vivo biodistribution confirmed the accuracy of the PET data. CONCLUSION The strong correlation between tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-YY146 and CD146 expression demonstrates the potential use of this radiotracer for imaging tumors that elicit varying levels of CD146. In the future, this tool may promote enhanced monitoring of therapeutic response and improved patient stratification.
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Kuehl C, Zhang T, Kaminskas LM, Porter CJH, Davies NM, Forrest L, Berkland C. Hyaluronic Acid Molecular Weight Determines Lung Clearance and Biodistribution after Instillation. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1904-14. [PMID: 27157508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as a versatile polymer for drug delivery. Multiple commercial products utilize HA, it can be obtained in a variety of molecular weights, and it offers chemical handles for cross-linkers, drugs, or imaging agents. Previous studies have investigated multiple administration routes, but the absorption, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of HA after delivery to the lung is relatively unknown. Here, pharmacokinetic parameters were investigated by delivering different molecular weights of HA (between 7 and 741 kDa) to the lungs of mice. HA was labeled with either a near-infrared dye or with iodine-125 conjugated to HA using a tyrosine linker. In initial studies, dye-labeled HA was instilled into the lungs and fluorescent images of organs were collected at 1, 8, and 24 h post administration. Data suggested longer lung persistence of higher molecular weight HA, but signal diminished for all molecular weights at 8 h. To better quantitate pharmacokinetic parameters, different molecular weights of iodine-125 labeled HA were instilled and organ radioactivity was determined after 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. The data showed that, after instillation, the lungs contained the highest levels of HA, as expected, followed by the gastrointestinal tract. Smaller molecular weights of HA showed more rapid systemic distribution, while 67 and 215 kDa HA showed longer persistence in the lungs. Lung exposure appeared to be optimum in this size range due to the rapid absorption of <67 kDa HA and the poor lung penetration and mucociliary clearance of viscous solutions of HA > 215 kDa. The versatility of HA molecular weight and conjugation chemistries may, therefore, provide new opportunities to extend pulmonary drug exposure and potentially facilitate access to lymph nodes draining the pulmonary bed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa M Kaminskas
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia , 3052
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia , 3052
| | - Neal M Davies
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada , R3E 0T5
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Adeowo FY, Honarparvar B, Skelton AA. The interaction of NOTA as a bifunctional chelator with competitive alkali metal ions: a DFT study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work investigates NOTA–alkali metal (Li+, Na+ and K+ and Rb+) complexation using density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Y. Adeowo
- School of Health Sciences
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- Discipline of Pharmacy
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
| | - B. Honarparvar
- School of Health Sciences
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- Discipline of Pharmacy
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
| | - A. A. Skelton
- School of Health Sciences
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- Discipline of Pharmacy
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
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Gijs M, Aerts A, Impens N, Baatout S, Luxen A. Aptamers as radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear imaging and therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:253-71. [PMID: 26746572 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Today, radiopharmaceuticals belong to the standard instrumentation of nuclear medicine, both in the context of diagnosis and therapy. The majority of radiopharmaceuticals consist of targeting biomolecules which are designed to interact with a disease-related molecular target. A plethora of targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals exists, including antibodies, antibody fragments, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids have some significant advantages relative to proteinaceous biomolecules in terms of size, production, modifications, possible targets and immunogenicity. In particular, aptamers (non-coding, synthetic, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides) are of interest because they can bind a molecular target with high affinity and specificity. At present, few aptamers have been investigated preclinically for imaging and therapeutic applications. In this review, we describe the use of aptamers as targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the chemical modifications which are needed to turn aptamers into valuable (radio-)pharmaceuticals, as well as the different radiolabeling strategies that can be used to radiolabel oligonucleotides and, in particular, aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Gijs
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium; Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Impens
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - André Luxen
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas are well-vascularized tumors; the endothelial cells in these tumors have a specific phenotype. Our aim was to develop a new approach for tumor-specific drug delivery with monoclonal antibody targeting of endothelial ligands. CD146, a molecule expressed on the endothelial surface of hepatocellular carcinoma, was identified as a promising candidate for targeting. In the present study, endothelial cells immediately captured circulating anti-CD146 (ME-9F1) antibody, while antibody binding in tumors was significantly higher than in hepatic endothelium. Macroscopically, after intravenous injection, there were no differences in the mean accumulation of anti-CD146 antibody in tumor compared to liver tissue, due to a compensating higher blood vessel density in the liver tissue. Additional blockade of nontumoral epitopes and intra-arterial administration, improved selective antibody capture in the tumor microvasculature and largely prevented antibody distribution in the lung and liver. The potential practical use of this approach was demonstrated by imaging of radionuclide-labeled ME-9F1 antibody, which showed excellent tumor-selective uptake. Our results provide a promising principle for the use of endothelial markers for intratumoral drug delivery. Tumor endothelium–based access might offer new opportunities for the imaging and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver malignancies.
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Zeng W, Wang X, Xu P, Liu G, Eden HS, Chen X. Molecular imaging of apoptosis: from micro to macro. Theranostics 2015; 5:559-82. [PMID: 25825597 PMCID: PMC4377726 DOI: 10.7150/thno.11548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is involved in numerous human conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic damage, autoimmune disorders and many types of cancer, and is often confused with other types of cell death. Therefore strategies that enable visualized detection of apoptosis would be of enormous benefit in the clinic for diagnosis, patient management, and development of new therapies. In recent years, improved understanding of the apoptotic machinery and progress in imaging modalities have provided opportunities for researchers to formulate microscopic and macroscopic imaging strategies based on well-defined molecular markers and/or physiological features. Correspondingly, a large collection of apoptosis imaging probes and approaches have been documented in preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we mainly discuss microscopic imaging assays and macroscopic imaging probes, ranging in complexity from simple attachments of reporter moieties to proteins that interact with apoptotic biomarkers, to rationally designed probes that target biochemical changes. Their clinical translation will also be our focus.
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