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Yang PX, Fan XX, Liu MX, Zhang XZ, Cao L, Wang ZZ, Tian JZ, Zhang YW, Xiao W. Longxuetongluo Capsule alleviate ischemia/reperfusion induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through modulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155993. [PMID: 39244943 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese dragon's blood, the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen., is widely used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China. Longxuetongluo Capsule (LTC) is a total phenolic compound extracted from Chinese dragon's blood, currently used in treating ischemic stroke. Myocardial injury can be aggravated after reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, which is called myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), and the mechanism of MIRI is complex. However, the exact effect and mechanism of LTC on MIRI are still unclear. We explore the effect of LTC on alleviating MIRI based on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of LTC against MIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat MIRI model was constructed through ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and LTC was given continuously for 28 days before surgery. The H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury model was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), and LTC was given 24 h before OGD. Myocardial ischemia areas were detected with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Cardiac histopathological changes were detected with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. And biochemical indexes were detected with serum biochemical kit. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptosis. Fluorescent probes were used to observe reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), Ca2+and other indexes. MitoTracker staining and immunofluorescence were used to observe the morphology of mitochondria and translocation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Finally, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to examine the expression of proteins related to apoptosis, mitochondrial fission and fusion and oxidative stress. RESULTS LTC could ameliorate cardiac pathological changes, decrease myocardial infarct area and the content or level of relevant serum cardiac enzymes, indicating that LTC could alleviate MIRI. Meanwhile, LTC could inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis via regulating apoptosis-related protein expression, and it could restore mitochondrial morphology, maintain ΔΨm, inhibit mitochondrial ROS generation and Ca2+ accumulation, increase the expression of mitochondrial fusion protein 2 (Mfn2), decrease the level of phosphorylation dynamin-related protein 1 (p-Drp1), and regulate ATP synthesis, thereby significantly ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, LTC significantly reduced the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NOXA2/p67phox), and reduced ROS production. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that LTC could inhibit MIRI induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these fundings suggested that LTC can be used to alleviate MIRI, which provides a potential therapeutic approach for future treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xun Yang
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Kanion School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Fan
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Min-Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Xin-Zhuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Liang Cao
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Tian
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Yong-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China.
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Zhang D, Wang W, Ou H, Ning J, Zhou Y, Ke J, Hou A, Chen L, Li P, Ma Y, Jin WB. Identification of chalcone analogues as anti-inflammatory agents through the regulation of NF-κB and JNK activation. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2002-2017. [PMID: 38911149 PMCID: PMC11187561 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To develop new anti-inflammatory agents with improved pharmaceutical profiles, a series of chalcone analogues were designed and synthesized. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated by screening their inhibitory effects on NO production in RAW264.7 cell lines. The most promising compounds 3h and 3l were selected for further investigation by assessment of their dose-dependent inhibitory activity against cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and PGE2 release. The further study also indicated that 3h and 3l could significantly suppress the expression of iNOS and COX-2 through the NF-κB/JNK signaling pathway. Furthermore, compounds 3h and 3l could also remarkably inhibit the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes. Meanwhile, 3h could also down-regulate ROS production. Docking simulation was conducted to position compounds 3h and 3l into the iNOS binding site to predict the probable binding mode. In conclusion, this series of chalcone analogues with reasonable drug-likeness obtained via in silico rapid prediction can be used as promising lead candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Zhang
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Huiping Ou
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Jinhua Ning
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Yingxun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Jin Ke
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Anguo Hou
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Linyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen Guangdong China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yunshu Ma
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Wen Bin Jin
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in Universities of Yunnan and Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
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MO X, CHEN Y, YIN Q, CHEN H, BAN Q, LI J, CHEN S, YAO J. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 involved in the analgesic effects of total flavonoids extracted from Longxuejie (). J TRADIT CHIN MED 2024; 44:437-447. [PMID: 38767627 PMCID: PMC11077159 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20240423.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgesic effects of total flavonoids of Longxuejie (Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis) (TFDB) and explore the possible analgesic mechanism associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). METHODS Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to observe the effects of TFDB on capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents. Rat experiments in vivo were used to observe the analgesic effects of TFDB. Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments were used to test the change of TRPV1 expression in DRG neurons induced by TFDB. RESULTS Results showed that TFDB inhibited capsaicin-induced TRPV1 receptor currents in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats and the half inhibitory concentration was (16.7 ± 1.6) mg/L. TFDB (2-20 mg/kg) showed analgesic activity in the phase Ⅱ of formalin test and (0.02-2 mg per paw) reduced capsaicin-induced licking times of rats. TFDB (20 mg/kg) was fully efficacious on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia and capsaicin could weaken the analgesic effects. The level of TRPV1 expressions of DRG neurons was also decreased in TFDB-treated CFA-inflammatory pain rats. CONCLUSION All these results indicated that the analgesic effect of TFDB may contribute to their modulations on both function and expression of TRPV1 channels in DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang MO
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
- 2 College of General Practitioners, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yating CHEN
- 3 College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Information Analysis and Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qian YIN
- 3 College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Information Analysis and Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haibo CHEN
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Qiang BAN
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Jun LI
- 4 College of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Su CHEN
- 3 College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Information Analysis and Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jinguang YAO
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
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Sura MB, Cheng YX. Medicinal plant resin natural products: structural diversity and biological activities. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38787644 DOI: 10.1039/d4np00007b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the mid of 2023Plants secrete defense resins rich in small-molecule natural products under abiotic and biotic stresses. This comprehensive review encompasses the literature published up to mid-2023 on medicinal plant resin natural products from six main contributor genera, featuring 275 citations that refer to 1115 structurally diverse compounds. The scope of this review extends to include essential information such as the racemic nature of metabolites found in different species of plant resins, source of resins, and revised structures. Additionally, we carefully analyze the reported biological activities of resins, organizing them based on the their structures. The findings offer important insights into the relationship between their structure and activity. Furthermore, this detailed examination can be valuable for researchers and scientists in the field of medicinal plant resin natural products and will promote continued exploration and progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Babu Sura
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Yin C, Li Y, Yu J, Deng Z, Liu S, Shi X, Tang D, Chen X, Zhang L. Dragon's Blood-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Rapid Hemostasis and Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:1888. [PMID: 38675708 PMCID: PMC11054711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dragon's blood (DB) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with hemostatic effects and antibacterial properties. However, it is still challenging to use for rapid hemostasis because of its insolubility. In this study, different amounts of DB were loaded on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to prepare a series of DB-MSN composites (5DB-MSN, 10DB-MSN, and 20DB-MSN). DB-MSN could quickly release DB and activate the intrinsic blood coagulation cascade simultaneously by DB and MSN. Hemostasis tests demonstrated that DB-MSN showed superior hemostatic effects than either DB or MSNs alone, and 10DB-MSN exhibited the best hemostatic effect. In addition, the antibacterial activities of DB-MSN against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) improved with the increase in DB. Furthermore, the hemolysis assay and cytocompatibility assay demonstrated that all DB-MSNs exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Based on these results, 10DB-MSN is expected to have potential applications for emergency hemostatic and antibacterial treatment in pre-hospital trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyun Yin
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Yihang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Zhaoyou Deng
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Shifang Liu
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Xuanchao Shi
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Deying Tang
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China; (C.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.); (X.S.); (D.T.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Southern Medicine, Jinghong 666100, China
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Li N, Zhang Y, Han M, Liu T, Wu J, Xiong Y, Fan Y, Ye F, Jin B, Zhang Y, Sun G, Sun X, Dong Z. Self-adjuvant Astragalus polysaccharide-based nanovaccines for enhanced tumor immunotherapy: a novel delivery system candidate for tumor vaccines. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:680-697. [PMID: 38206438 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The study of tumor nanovaccines (NVs) has gained interest because they specifically recognize and eliminate tumor cells. However, the poor recognition and internalization by dendritic cells (DCs) and insufficient immunogenicity restricted the vaccine efficacy. Herein, we extracted two molecular-weight Astragalus polysaccharides (APS, 12.19 kD; APSHMw, 135.67 kD) from Radix Astragali and made them self-assemble with OVA257-264 directly forming OVA/APS integrated nanocomplexes through the microfluidic method. The nanocomplexes were wrapped with a sheddable calcium phosphate layer to improve stability. APS in the formed nanocomplexes served as drug carriers and immune adjuvants for potent tumor immunotherapy. The optimal APS-NVs were approximately 160 nm with uniform size distribution and could remain stable in physiological saline solution. The FITC-OVA in APS-NVs could be effectively taken up by DCs, and APS-NVs could stimulate the maturation of DCs, improving the antigen cross-presentation efficiency in vitro. The possible mechanism was that APS can induce DC activation via multiple receptors such as dectin-1 and Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Enhanced accumulation of APS-NVs both in draining and distal lymph nodes were observed following s.c. injection. Smaller APS-NVs could easily access the lymph nodes. Furthermore, APS-NVs could markedly promote antigen delivery efficiency to DCs and activate cytotoxic T cells. In addition, APS-NVs achieve a better antitumor effect in established B16-OVA melanoma tumors compared with the OVA+Alum treatment group. The antitumor mechanism correlated with the increase in cytotoxic T cells in the tumor region. Subsequently, the poor tumor inhibitory effect of APS-NVs on the nude mouse model of melanoma also confirmed the participation of antitumor adaptive immune response induced by NVs. Therefore, this study developed a promising APS-based tumor NV that is an efficient tumor immunotherapy without systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS), Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS), Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Miaomiao Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS), Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinjia Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Yingxia Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Yikai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bing Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS), Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Beijing, 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicinal Herbs, IMPLAD, ABRC & ACCL, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS), Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Beijing, 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CAMS, IMPLAD, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicinal Herbs, IMPLAD, ABRC & ACCL, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Xia ZY, Liu L, Kuok CF, Wang XL, Shi D, Ma Q, Cheng XY, Wang GL, Li MJ, Zheng QS, Liu XN, Li DF, Li BH. Loureirin A Promotes Cell Differentiation and Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Melanoma Cells via WNT and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:486-498. [PMID: 38199251 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Resina Draconis is a traditional Chinese medicine, with the in-depth research, its medicinal value in anti-tumor has been revealed. Loureirin A is extracted from Resina Draconis, however, research on the anti-tumor efficacy of Loureirin A is rare. Herein, we investigated the function of Loureirin A in melanoma. Our research demonstrated that Loureirin A inhibited the proliferation of and caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Further study showed that the melanin content and tyrosinase activity was enhanced after Loureirin A treatment, demonstrated that Loureirin A promoted melanoma cell differentiation, which was accompanied with the reduce of WNT signaling pathway. Meanwhile, we found that Loureirin A suppressed the migration and invasion of melanoma cells through the protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Taken together, this study demonstrated for the first time the anti-tumor effects of Loureirin A in melanoma cells, which provided a novel therapeutic strategy against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Xia
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Ling Liu
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Chiu-Fai Kuok
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University
| | - Xue-Li Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Dan Shi
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Quan Ma
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Xiao-Yang Cheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Guo-Li Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Min-Jing Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Qiu-Sheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Xiao-Na Liu
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - De-Fang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
| | - Bo-Han Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University
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8
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Guo SC, Yu B, Jia Q, Yan HY, Wang LQ, Sun FF, Ma TH, Yang H. Loureirin C extracted from Dracaena cochinchinensis S.C. Chen prevents rotaviral diarrhea in mice by inhibiting the intestinal Ca 2+-activated Cl - channels. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117077. [PMID: 37625605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Resina Draconis (RD) is the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen and most used as a hemostatic drug in traditional Chinese medicine. Recent studies have reported that RD has a therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal diseases. Loureirin A, B, and C (LA, LB, and LC) are dihydrochalcone compounds isolated from RD. AIM OF THE STUDY Dehydration is the primary cause of death in rotaviral diarrhea. Inhibition of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCCs)-mediated Cl- secretion significantly reduced fluid secretion in rotaviral diarrhea. RD was used to treat digestive diseases such as diarrhea and abdominal pain; however, the pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of RD and loureirin on intestinal Cl- channels and their therapeutic effects on rotavirus-induced diarrhea, aiming to reveal RD's molecular basis, targets, and mechanisms for treating rotaviral diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell-based fluorescence quenching assays were used to examine the effect of RD and loureirin on Cl- channels activity. Electrophysiological properties were tested using short-circuit current experiments in epithelial cells or freshly isolated mouse intestinal tissue. Fecal water content, intestinal peristalsis rate, and smooth muscle contraction were measured in neonatal mice infected with SA-11 rotavirus before and after LC treatment or adult mice. RESULTS RD, LA, LB, and LC inhibited CaCCs-mediated Cl- current in HT-29 cells and colonic epithelium. The inhibitory effect of LC on CaCCs was primarily on the apical side in epithelial cells, which may be partially produced by affecting cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels. LC significantly inhibited TMEM16A-mediated Cl- current. Characterization studies revealed that LC inhibited basolateral K+ channel activity without affecting Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the colonic epithelium. Although LC activated the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator in epithelial cells, its effect was not apparent in colonic epithelium. In vivo, LC significantly reduced the fecal water content, intestinal peristalsis rate, and smooth muscle contraction of mice infected with rotavirus. CONCLUSION RD and its active compound LC inhibit intestinal CaCCs activity, which might mediate the anti-rotaviral diarrheal effect of RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cheng Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Bo Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Qian Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Han-Yu Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Li-Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Fang-Fang Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China; Nuclear Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, PR China.
| | - Tong-Hui Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, PR China.
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9
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Mandal A, Ganguli K, Pradhan M, Gorai A, Kundu S. Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of C=O and Conjugated C=C Bonds Using An NHC-Based Pincer (CNC)Mn I Complex in Methanol. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300683. [PMID: 37287441 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Base metal catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reactions using methanol is highly challenging. Employing a single N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based pincer (CNC)MnI complex, chemoselective single and double transfer hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated ketones to saturated ketones or alcohols by utilizing methanol as the hydrogen source is disclosed. The protocol was tolerant towards the selective transfer hydrogenation of C=C or C=O bonds in the presence of several other reducible functional groups and led to the synthesis of several biologically relevant molecules and natural products. Notably, this is the first report of a Mn-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl groups with methanol. Several control experiments, kinetic studies, Hammett studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to understand the mechanistic details of this catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsha Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, India
| | - Kasturi Ganguli
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, India
| | - Manoj Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, India
| | - Akhanda Gorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, India
| | - Sabuj Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, India
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10
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Darwish SF, Elbadry AMM, Elbokhomy AS, Salama GA, Salama RM. The dual face of microglia (M1/M2) as a potential target in the protective effect of nutraceuticals against neurodegenerative diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1231706. [PMID: 37744008 PMCID: PMC10513083 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1231706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of different neurodegenerative illnesses is significantly influenced by the polarization regulation of microglia and macrophages. Traditional classifications of macrophage phenotypes include the pro-inflammatory M1 and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Numerous studies demonstrated dynamic non-coding RNA modifications, which are catalyzed by microglia-induced neuroinflammation. Different nutraceuticals focus on the polarization of M1/M2 phenotypes of microglia and macrophages, offering a potent defense against neurodegeneration. Caeminaxin A, curcumin, aromatic-turmerone, myricetin, aurantiamide, 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose, and resveratrol reduced M1 microglial inflammatory markers while increased M2 indicators in Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid beta-induced microglial M1 activation was suppressed by andrographolide, sulforaphane, triptolide, xanthoceraside, piperlongumine, and novel plant extracts which also prevented microglia-mediated necroptosis and apoptosis. Asarone, galangin, baicalein, and a-mangostin reduced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in M1-activated microglia in Parkinson's disease. Additionally, myrcene, icariin, and tenuigenin prevented the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome and microglial neurotoxicity, while a-cyperone, citronellol, nobiletin, and taurine prevented NADPH oxidase 2 and nuclear factor kappa B activation. Furthermore, other nutraceuticals like plantamajoside, swertiamarin, urolithin A, kurarinone, Daphne genkwa flower, and Boswellia serrata extracts showed promising neuroprotection in treating Parkinson's disease. In Huntington's disease, elderberry, curcumin, iresine celosia, Schisandra chinensis, gintonin, and pomiferin showed promising results against microglial activation and improved patient symptoms. Meanwhile, linolenic acid, resveratrol, Huperzia serrata, icariin, and baicalein protected against activated macrophages and microglia in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Additionally, emodin, esters of gallic and rosmarinic acids, Agathisflavone, and sinomenine offered promising multiple sclerosis treatments. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of using nutraceuticals to treat neurodegenerative diseases involving microglial-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar F. Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M. M. Elbadry
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Egypt
| | | | - Ghidaa A. Salama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Liu Y, Mo L, Lu H, Wei Y, Zhang J, Bennett S, Xu J, Zhou C, Fang B, Chen Z. Dragon blood resin ameliorates steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head through osteoclastic pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1202888. [PMID: 37675145 PMCID: PMC10477996 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1202888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Dragon's Blood resin (DBR) is a traditional medicinal substance renowned for its diverse pharmacological effects, which consists of potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and angiogenic properties. This study aimed to elucidate its therapeutic mechanism in alleviating steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH). Methods: Techniques such as SPR and LC-MS were employed to identify and analyze the target proteins of DBR in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). In vitro, BMMs were treated with RANKL and DBR, and TRAcP staining and actin belt staining were utilized to assess osteoclast activity. The inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of DBR on osteoclastogenesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were determined using real-time PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. An in vivo SIONFH rat model was set up to assess the curative impacts of DBR using micro-CT scanning and pathological staining. Results: Bioinformatic tools revealed a pivotal role of osteoclast differentiation in SIONFH. Proteomic analysis identified 164 proteins binding in BMMs. In vitro assessments demonstrated that DBR hindered osteoclastogenesis by modulating the expression of specific genes and proteins, along with antioxidant proteins including TRX1 and Glutathione Reductase. Notably, the resin effectively inhibited the expression of crucial proteins, such as the phosphorylation of JNK and the nuclear localization of p65 within the TRAF6/JNK and NFκB signaling pathways. In vivo experiments further confirmed that DBR mitigated the onset of SIONFH in rats by curbing osteoclast and ROS activities. Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of Dragon's Blood as an effective administration for early-stage SIONFH, shedding light on its therapeutic influence on ROS-mediated osteoclastic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongduo Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangwenxiang Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Samuel Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Shenzhen institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Few J, Lee M, Semersky A, Mariscal E, Pryor S, Talati A. A Single-Center Study Evaluating the Effects of a Topical Serum Combining Postbiotics, Peptides, and Botanical Extracts on Skin. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2023; 5:ojad055. [PMID: 37700792 PMCID: PMC10494783 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging, influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leads to visible skin changes such as dryness, surface roughness, and loss of luminosity. Proper skin care can mitigate some of these effects, with topical combination products offering support through complementary mechanisms. Objectives To test efficacy and safety of GSYBS-7 (Goop Beauty Youth-Boost Peptide Serum; Goop Inc., Santa Monica, CA), a topical postbiotic and botanical combination serum, used twice daily on facial skin for 6 weeks. Methods In this 19-patient pilot study, the primary efficacy measure was improvement on the Global Ranking Scale (GRS) at 42 days. A 12-point patient satisfaction survey and the serum's effect on healing after ablative laser treatment served as secondary and exploratory measures, respectively. Results Statistically significant improvements in all GRS domains were observed as early as day 7 with ongoing improvement up to day 42. A >1-point improvement was observed for dehydration (1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.2), visible pores (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.0), surface roughness (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9), imbalance (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.7), static wrinkles (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.6), pigmentation (1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5), and vasculature (1.2; 95% CI, .8-1.5). Independent photographic review and patient satisfaction surveys corroborated these findings. At day 42, 94.4% of patients were very satisfied with the results, and 88.9% would recommend GSYBS-7 to family and friends. No adverse events were reported, and 100% of patients indicated that GSYBS-7 was gentle enough for everyday use. Conclusions GSYBS-7 appears to be an effective and well-tolerated combination topical for the management of age-related and environment-induced skin changes. Level of Evidence 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Few
- Corresponding Author: Dr Julius Few, 875 N Michigan Ave, Suite 3850, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. E-mail:
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13
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Li R, Jia H, Si M, Li X, Ma Z, Zhu Y, Sun W, Zhu F, Luo S. Loureirin B protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through modulating M1/M2 microglial polarization via STAT6 / NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175860. [PMID: 37331681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The latest research indicates that modulating microglial polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype may be a coping therapy for ischemic stroke. The present study thereby evaluated the effects of loureirin B (LB), a monomer compound extracted from Sanguis Draconis flavones (SDF), on cerebral ischemic injury and the potential mechanisms. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats to induce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo, and BV2 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction (OGD/R) to mimic cerebral I/R injury in vitro. The results showed that LB significantly reduced infarct volume, neurological deficits and neurobehavioral deficits, apparently improved histopathological changes and neuronal loss in cortex and hippocampus of MCAO/R rats, markedly decreased the proportion of M1 microglia cells and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the proportion of M2 microglia and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, LB evidently improved the p-STAT6 expression and reduced the NF-κB (p-p65) expression after cerebral I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. IL-4 (a STAT6 agonist) exhibited a similar impact to that of LB, while AS1517499 (a STAT6 inhibitor) significantly reversed the effect of LB on BV-2 cells after OGD/R. These findings point to the protection of LB against cerebral I/R injury by modulating M1/M2 polarization of microglia via the STAT6/NF-κB signaling pathway, hence LB may be a viable treatment option for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Huiyu Jia
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Min Si
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China
| | - Wuyi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China.
| | - Shengyong Luo
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, Anhui, 230061, China.
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14
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Liu Y, Mi Y, Wang Y, Meng Q, Xu L, Liu Y, Zhou D, Wang Y, Liang D, Li W, Li N, Hou Y. Loureirin C inhibits ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion through regulation of the Nrf2 pathway in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154729. [PMID: 36878093 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is considered as a serious cerebral vascular disease. Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death (RCD), that closely related to the occurrence and progress of IS. Loureirin C, a type of dihydrochalcone compound derived from the Chinese Dragon's blood (CDB). The effective components extracted from CDB have shown neuroprotective effects in ischemia reperfusion models. However, the role of Loureirin C in mice after IS is not well understood. Thus, it is worth to identify the effect and mechanism of Loureirin C on IS. PURPOSE The present research aims to prove the existence of ferroptosis in IS and explore whether Loureirin C can inhibit ferroptosis by regulating nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in mice and exert neuroprotective effects on IS models. METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established to evaluate the occurrence of ferroptosis and the potential Loureirin C brain-protective effect in vivo. The analysis of free iron, glutamate content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels, along with transmission electron microscope (TEM) was applied to prove the existence of ferroptosis. The function of Loureirin C on Nrf2 nuclear translocation was verified by immunofluorescence staining. In vitro, primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were processed with Loureirin C after oxygen and glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R). ELISA kits, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR were devoted to proving the neuroprotective effects of Loureirin C on IS via regulating ferroptosis and Nrf2 pathways. RESULTS The results showed that Loureirin C not only dramatically alleviated brain injury and inhibited neurons ferroptosis in mice after MCAO/R, but also dose-dependently reduce ROS accumulation in ferroptosis after OGD/R. Further, Loureirin C inhibits ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 pathway, and promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Besides, Loureirin C increases heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) content after IS. Intriguingly, the anti-ferroptosis effect of Loureirin C is weakened by Nrf2 knockdown. CONCLUSION Our discoveries first revealed that the inhibitory action of Loureirin C on ferroptosis may greatly depend on its adjusting effect on the Nrf2 pathway, suggesting that Loureirin C could act as a novel anti-ferroptosis candidate and play a therapeutic role in IS. These novel discoveries on the role of Loureirin C on IS models reveal an innovative method that may contribute to neuroprotection for the prevention of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Libin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
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15
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Lv Y, Mou Y, Su J, Liu S, Ding X, Yuan Y, Li G, Li G. The inhibitory effect and mechanism of Resina Draconis on the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells: a network pharmacology-based analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3816. [PMID: 36882618 PMCID: PMC9992681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Resina Draconis (RD) is known as the "holy medicine for promoting blood circulation" and possesses antitumor properties against various types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC); however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. To explore the potential mechanism of RD against BC using network pharmacology and experimental validation, data on bioactive compounds, potential targets of RD, and related genes of BC were obtained from multiple public databases. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were performed via the DAVID database. Protein interactions were downloaded from the STRING database. The mRNA and protein expression levels and survival analysis of the hub targets were analyzed using the UALCAN, HPA, Kaplan‒Meier mapper, and cBioPortal databases. Subsequently, molecular docking was used to verify the selected key ingredients and hub targets. Finally, the predicted results of network pharmacology methods were verified by cell experiments. In total, 160 active ingredients were obtained, and 148 RD target genes for the treatment of BC were identified. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that RD exerted its therapeutic effects on BC by regulating multiple pathways. Of these, the PI3K-AKT pathway was indicated to play an important role. In addition, RD treatment of BC seemed to involve the regulation of hub targets that were identified based on PPI interaction network analysis. Validation in different databases showed that AKT1, ESR1, HSP90AA1, CASP3, SRC and MDM2 may be involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of BC and that ESR1, IGF1 and HSP90AA1 were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in BC patients. Molecular docking results showed that 103 active compounds have good binding activity with the hub targets, among which flavonoid compounds were the most important active components. Therefore, the sanguis draconis flavones (SDF) were selected for subsequent cell experiments. The experimental results showed that SDF significantly inhibited the cell cycle and cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway and induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis. This study has preliminarily reported on the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of RD against BC, and RD was shown to exert its therapeutic effects on BC by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and related gene targets. Importantly, our work could provide a theoretical basis for further study of the complex anti-BC mechanism of RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Lv
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Yan Mou
- Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China
| | - Jing Su
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Shifang Liu
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Xuan Ding
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Yin Yuan
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Ge Li
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China.
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16
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Yousofvand N, Moloodi B. An overview of the effect of medicinal herbs on pain. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1057-1081. [PMID: 36585701 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper is typically intended to carefully collect and properly review the antinociceptive activities of medicinal plants. In this review article, by searching keywords of medicinal plants, pain, herbal medicine, antinociceptive, phytotherapy in databases of Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Springer, Wiley, Proquest, PubMed, Nature, Magiran, Emerald, SID, ISI, and some other indexing cites, or traditional books, desired articles were obtained until 2021. The title of medicinal plants was searched diligently in Persian and English. Ultimately, 270 articles were studied. The findings possibly indicated that several medicinal plants are among the most valuable plants that have antinociceptive activities. There efficiently are various antinociceptive compounds in medicinal plants. The antinociceptive activity of these specific compounds may be through their peculiar effects on the opioid system, cholinergic pathways, and stimulation of GABA receptors, with the peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanism. Antiinflammatory processes, inhibition of the synthesis, and the release of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, phospholipase, nitric oxide, and cyclooxygenase-2 have been reported as analgesic mechanisms of some herbs. In a reasonable conclusion, our review thoughtfully provides a comprehensive summary of present data from some scientific studies on the common herbs with antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdar Yousofvand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, I & R of Iran
| | - Boshra Moloodi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, I & R of Iran
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Wu JY, Ding HY, Wang TY, Cai CZ, Chang TS. Enzymatically Biotransformed Compounds via a Predicted Data Mining Approach: Two Novel Flavonoids, 3’-Hydroxyloureirin A and 3’-Hydroxyloureirin B, Converted from Dragon’s Blood, the Chinese Medicine Extract with Potent Antioxidant and Anti-α-Glucosidase Activities. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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18
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Peres ISA, Conceição KAO, Silva LAF, Khouri NG, Yoshida CMP, Concha VOC, Lucarini M, Durazzo A, Santini A, Souto EB, Severino P. Dragon’s Blood: antioxidant properties for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-022-01122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPlants are the source of a large spectrum of phytochemicals, and the combined and concerted action of biologically active compounds lead to the potential beneficial properties of each plant matrix. A great attention is being addressed over the years toward herbs and medicinal plants. Dragon’s Blood is a reddish resin oil extracted from Croton lechleri tree. It has been extensively used by indigenous cultures of the Amazon River since ancient times due to the beneficial nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. This perspective aims at providing a current framework on Dragon’s Blood with focus on antioxidant properties for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals in a novelty integrated and multidisciplinary manner, highlighting the current knowledge, the main research lines, and emerging strategies. A literature quantitative research analysis approach was applied as starting point. The literature search was carried out by means of the Scopus database; 365 documents have been retrieved in the year range from 1854 to 2021, and a total of 269 terms were identified. Among the top-recurring keywords appear: unclassified drug, nonhuman, plant extract/s, Dragon’s Blood, dracaena, Dragon Blood, chemistry, human, animal/s, plant resin. Source, chemical composition, potential nutraceutical, and therapeutical applications of Dragon’s Blood are discussed here. The anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiarrheals, anticancer, antirheumatic, antiseptic, and antioxidant activities identified in the Dragon’s Blood extracts can open novel perspectives for its use in food and pharmaceutical industries. While different bioactive compounds have already been identified in Dragon’s Blood extract, only a few studies can be found in literature.
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Kwon S, Lee S, Hur J, Ko K, Fei X, Jeong KW, Sishtla K, Muniyandi A, Bae M, Corson TW, Seo SY. Synthesis and Structure Revision of Naturally Occurring Homoisoflavane (+)-Dracaeconolide B. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:149-156. [PMID: 36542352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dracaeconolide B (1), a naturally occurring homoisoflavane, was isolated from the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis. Efforts have been made to elucidate the exact structure of compound 1 since it was confirmed that dracaeconolide B did not contain a 7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy moiety. The structure of dracaeconolide B was revised by synthesis of three homoisoflavanes containing a 5,6,7-trioxygenated moiety each and analysis by NMR spectroscopy. The revised structure of dracaeconolide B was proposed as 3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-7-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxychromane. Noyori's Ru-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was used to synthesize (+)-dracaeconolide B. The absolute configuration of the compound was revised to S based on the results obtained by the electronic circular dichroism calculation. We examined the antiangiogenic activity of (S)- and (R)-dracaeconolide B and of synthetic 5,6,7- and 5,7,8-trioxygenated homoisoflavanes. The results can potentially help in the synthesis of related natural products and support drug discovery to treat neovascular eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangil Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanha Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseong Hur
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Keebeom Ko
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Munhyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seung-Yong Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon21936, Republic of Korea
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Zou Y, Zhao Q, Zhang X, Yu H, Zhou Y, Li Z, Xiao M, Xiang Q, Zhang L, Shi W, Tao H, Chen L, Han B, Yin S. The immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms of loureirin B on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1094649. [PMID: 37168850 PMCID: PMC10165104 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disease mainly affecting joints of the hands and wrists. The discovery of autoantibodies in the serum of patients revealed that RA belonged to the autoimmune diseases and laid a theoretical basis for its immunosuppressive therapy. The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases mainly involves abnormal activation and proliferation of effector memory T cells, which is closely related to the elevated expression of Kv1.3, a voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel on the effector memory T cell membrane. Drugs blocking the Kv1.3 channel showed a strong protective effect in RA model animals, suggesting that Kv1.3 is a target for the discovery of specific RA immunosuppressive drugs. Methods In the present study, we synthesized LrB and studied the effects of LrB on collagen- induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. The clinical score, paw volume and joint morphology of CIA model rats were compared. The percentage of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in rat peripheral blood mononuclear and spleen were analyzed with flow cytometry. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 in the serum of CIA rats were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-1b and IL-6 expression in joints and the Kv1.3 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were quantified by qPCR. To further study the mechanisms of immunosuppressive effects of LrB, western blot and immunofluorescence were utilized to study the expression of Kv1.3 and Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 (NFAT1) in two cell models - Jurkat T cell line and extracted PBMCs. Results LrB effectively reduced the clinical score and relieved joint swelling. LrB could also decrease the percentage of CD4+ T cells, while increase the percentage of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear and spleen of rats with CIA. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 in the serum of CIA rats were significantly reduced by LrB. The results of qPCR showed that Kv1.3 mRNA in the PBMCs of CIA rats was significantly higher than that of the control and significantly decreased in the LrB treatment groups. In addition, we confirmed in cell models that LrB significantly decreased Kv1.3 protein on the cell membrane and inhibited the activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 (NFAT1) with immune stimulus. Conclusion In summary, this study revealed that LrB could block NFAT1 activation and reduce Kv1.3 expression in activated T cells, thus inhibiting the proliferation of lymphocytes and the release of inflammatory cytokines, thereby effectively weakening the autoimmune responses in CIA rats. The effects of immunosuppression due to LrB revealed its potential medicinal value in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zou
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Xiang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyi Shi
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Haobo Tao
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lvyi Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Han, ; Shijin Yin,
| | - Shijin Yin
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Han, ; Shijin Yin,
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Xu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Lv F, Sun P, Gao S, Wang Q, Yu C, Jiang J, Li C, Song M, Gao Z, Sui C, Li H, Jin Y, Guo X, Wei J. A chromosome-level genome assembly for Dracaena cochinchinensis reveals the molecular basis of its longevity and formation of dragon's blood. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100456. [PMID: 36196059 PMCID: PMC9700203 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dracaena, a remarkably long-lived and slowly maturing species of plant, is world famous for its ability to produce dragon's blood, a precious traditional medicine used by different cultures since ancient times. However, there is no detailed and high-quality genome available for this species at present; thus, the molecular mechanisms that underlie its important traits are largely unknown. These factors seriously limit the protection and regeneration of this rare and endangered plant resource. Here, we sequenced and assembled the genome of Dracaena cochinchinensis at the chromosome level. The D. cochinchinensis genome covers 1.21 Gb with a scaffold N50 of 50.06 Mb and encodes 31 619 predicted protein-coding genes. Analysis showed that D. cochinchinensis has undergone two whole-genome duplications and two bursts of long terminal repeat insertions. The expansion of two gene classes, cis-zeatin O-glucosyltransferase and small auxin upregulated RNA, were found to account for its longevity and slow growth. Two transcription factors (bHLH and MYB) were found to be core regulators of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, and reactive oxygen species were identified as the specific signaling molecules responsible for the injury-induced formation of dragon's blood. Our study provides high-quality genomic information relating to D. cochinchinensis and significant insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for its longevity and formation of dragon's blood. These findings will facilitate resource protection and sustainable utilization of Dracaena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kaijian Zhang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonglian Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feifei Lv
- Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Peiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shixi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiuling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cuicui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiemei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuangjun Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Zhihui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chun Sui
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China.
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Pharmacodynamics of Dracorhodin Perchlorate and Its Inflammation-Targeting Emulsion Gel for Wound Healing. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110712. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of dracorhodin perchlorate for the repair of rat skin wounds was investigated. In order to screen a more favorable drug delivery system for wound repair, the therapeutic effect of dracorhodin perchlorate inflammation-targeted emulsion gel was compared with that of non-targeted emulsion gel on rat wounds. Compared with non-targeted emulsion gels, inflammation-targeted emulsion gels had a better transdermal penetration and lower potentials (−51.6 mV and −17.1 mV, respectively). The recovery of the wound from the dracorhodin perchlorate inflammation targeted emulsion gel group was better than that of the dracorhodin perchlorate inflammation non-targeted emulsion gel group and the positive drug group. Compared with the no-target emulsion gel group, the bFGF expression on day 7 and the EGF expression on day 14 in the targeted emulsion group showed 45.5% and 49.9% improvement, respectively. Pathological tissue slices showed that the epidermis, dermis, and basal layer inflammatory cells in the inflammation-targeted emulsion gel group and non-targeted emulsion gel group were significantly reduced, the granulation tissue proliferation was obvious, and the inflammation-targeted emulsion gel group was more effective. The results proved that dracorhodin perchlorate had a repairing effect on rat skin wounds, and its mechanism might be related to the promotion of the expression of EGF and bFGF in tissues.
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Loureirin C and Xanthoceraside Prevent Abnormal Behaviors Associated with Downregulation of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and AKT/mTOR/CREB Signaling in the Prefrontal Cortex Induced by Chronic Corticosterone Exposure in Mice. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2865-2879. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ma H, Duan X, Zhang R, Li H, Guo Y, Tian Y, Huang M, Chen G, Wang Z, Li L. Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF- β1/Smad Signalling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:8661288. [PMID: 35873644 PMCID: PMC9307331 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8661288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently shown that loureirin A (LA), a major active component of resina draconis, might be effective in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. We examined whether LA could inhibit the formation of keloids. To investigate the pharmacological effects of loureirin A on keloid formation and the underlying mechanisms. CellTiter-Blue viability assays were used to examine the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) that were treated with LA. Fibroblast migration was evaluated using a cell migration assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the expression of α-SMA in KFs. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, and Caspase-3, while Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, Caspase-3, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3. LA inhibited the proliferation of KFs and suppressed the migration and TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation of KFs. In addition, LA downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Col-I, Col-III, and α-SMA while promoting the mRNA and protein levels of Bax and Caspase-3. Moreover, LA downregulated the protein levels of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in cultured TGF-β1-treated KFs ex vivo. These results show that LA has an antikeloid effect on KFs by suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway. Our findings suggest that LA may be a potential candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Back Street, Art Museum, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xingwu Duan
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Runtian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guangshan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Shipping Warehouse, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
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Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses Reveal Defensive Responses and Flavonoid Biosynthesis of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen under Wound Stress in Natural Conditions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144514. [PMID: 35889387 PMCID: PMC9320494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dracaena cochinchinensis has special defensive reactions against wound stress. Under wound stress, D. cochinchinensis generates a resin that is an important medicine known as dragon’s blood. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the defensive reactions is unclear. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were performed on stems of D. cochinchinensis at different timepoints from the short term to the long term after wounding. According to the 378 identified compounds, wound-induced secondary metabolic processes exhibited three-phase characteristics: short term (0–5 days), middle term (10 days–3 months), and long term (6–17 months). The wound-induced transcriptome profile exhibited characteristics of four stages: within 24 h, 1–5 days, 10–30 days, and long term. The metabolic regulation in response to wound stress mainly involved the TCA cycle, glycolysis, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylalanine biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis, along with some signal transduction pathways, which were all well connected. Flavonoid biosynthesis and modification were the main reactions against wound stress, mainly comprising 109 flavonoid metabolites and 93 wound-induced genes. A group of 21 genes encoding CHS, CHI, DFR, PPO, OMT, LAR, GST, and MYBs were closely related to loureirin B and loureirin C. Wound-induced responses at the metabolome and transcriptome level exhibited phase characteristics. Complex responses containing primary metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis are involved in the defense mechanism against wound stress in natural conditions, and flavonoid biosynthesis and modification are the main strategies of D. cochinchinensis in the long-term responses to wound stress.
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Zhang L, Ke W, Zhao X, Lu Z. Resina Draconis extract exerts anti-HCC effects through METTL3-m6A-Survivin axis. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2542-2557. [PMID: 35443090 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Herbal medicines have become an important treasure reservoir for anti-HCC drugs because of their high efficiency and low toxicity. Herein, we investigated whether a 75% ethanol extract from Resina Draconis (ERD) exhibited comprehensive anti-HCC effects both in vivo and in vitro. We revealed that ERD effectively inhibited proliferation and triggered apoptosis of HCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent maner, posing no apparent apoptotic toxicity to normal liver cells. Moreover, ERD significantly inhibited the migration, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells. Importantly, ERD treatment effectively inhibited the growth of xenograft HCC in nude mice with low toxicity and low side effects. Molecular mechanism analysis showed that ERD strongly reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Survivin, ultimately leading to the cleavage activation of apoptosis executive proteins such as Caspase 3 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Survivin gene silencing apparently sensitized the apoptotic effect induced by ERD. Further experiments revealed that ERD inhibited N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) modification in Survivin mRNA by downregulating Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression and reducing the binding rate of METTL3 and Survivin mRNA. Together, our findings suggest that ERD can be severed as a novel anti-HCC natural product by targeting METTL3-m6 A-Survivin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiwei Ke
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Park MN, Jeon HW, Rahman MA, Park SS, Jeong SY, Kim KH, Kim SH, Kim W, Kim B. Daemonorops draco Blume Induces Apoptosis Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Regulation of the miR-216b/c-Jun. Front Oncol 2022; 12:808174. [PMID: 35356209 PMCID: PMC8959842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.808174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Daemonorops draco Blume (DD), also called dragon’s blood, has been used as a traditional Korean medicine, especially for relieving pain caused by wound infection. Recently, it has been described that DD has antibacterial and analgesic effects. In this study, the underlying anticancer effect of DD associated with apoptosis was investigated in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines U937 and THP-1. DD exhibited cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis in U937 and THP-1 cells. Moreover, DD treatment significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). The protein expression of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, cleaved caspase-3, p-H2A.X, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor 4 was upregulated by DD treatment. Consistently, DD-treated cells had increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in a concentration-dependent manner via miR-216b activation in association with c-Jun inhibition. N-acetyl-L-cysteine pretreatment reversed the cytotoxic effect of DD treatment as well as prevented ROS accumulation. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that the anticancer effect of DD in AML was mediated by CHOP-dependent apoptosis along with ROS accumulation and included upregulation of miR-216b followed by a decrease in c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Won Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Sun Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Yun Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Pang DR, Zou QY, Zhu ZX, Wang XY, Pei YJ, Huo HX, Zhao YF, Tu PF, Zheng J, Li J. Trimeric chalchonoids from the total phenolic extract of Chinese dragon's blood (the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis). Fitoterapia 2021; 154:105029. [PMID: 34506872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four new chalchonoid trimers, named cochinchinenins N-Q (1-4), along with a pair of known enantiomers (5-6), were isolated from the total phenolic extract of Chinese dragon's blood (the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis). The planar structures of 1-4 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR. The absolute configurations of new compounds were established by ECD data. Compound 1 exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells with IC50 value of 11.5 ± 1.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Ran Pang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yu Zou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Pei
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xia Huo
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Dracaena cinnabari Resin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8561696. [PMID: 34337055 PMCID: PMC8324360 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8561696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dracaena cinnabari (D. cinnabari) is an endemic plant located in Socotra Island, Yemen. Deep red resin attained from different plant species including D. cinnabari is commonly known as dragon's blood. In folk medicine, it is prescribed for the treatment of traumatic dermal, dental, and eye injuries as well as blood stasis, pain, and gastrointestinal diseases in humans. Numerous studies have investigated that this resinous medicine has antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing, and antioxidant activity. Several phytochemicals have been isolated from D. cinnabari, including the biflavonoid cinnabarone, triflavonoids, metacyclophanes, chalcones, chalcanes, dihydrochalcones, sterols, and terpenoids. The present review highlights the structures and bioactivities of main phytochemicals isolated from D. cinnabari regarding the botany and pharmacological effects of the resin derived from this plant.
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30
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Zhao H, Li S, Yang C, Li G, Wang Y, Peng J, Yan Z, Li R, Wang Y, Zhang L. FISH-Based Karyotype Analyses of Four Dracaena Species. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:272-277. [PMID: 34289478 DOI: 10.1159/000516897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Dracaena is the main source of dragon's blood, which is a plant resin and has been used as traditional medicine since ancient times in different civilizations. However, the chromosome numbers and karyotypes present in this genus remain poorly understood. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using oligonucleotide probes for ribosomal DNAs (5S and 45S rDNA) and telomeric repeats (TTTAGGG)3 was applied to analyze 4 related species: Dracaena terniflora Roxb., Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep., Aizong (Dracaena sp.), and Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen. In all 4 species, both 5S and 45S rDNA showed hybridization signals in the paracentromeric region of a pair of chromosomes; the sizes of the 45S rDNA signals were larger than those of the 5S rDNA. Importantly, the telomeric repeat signals were located in the telomeric regions of almost all chromosomes. The results indicated that the chromosome number of all 4 Dracaena species is 2n = 40, and the lengths of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes range from 0.99 to 2.98 μm. Our results provide useful cytogenetic information, which will be beneficial to future studies in genome structure of the genus Dracaena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyou Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Chunyong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Ge Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Jianming Peng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Rongying Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Yanqian Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Jinghong, China
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31
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Liu Y, Zhao X, Yao R, Li C, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Wei JH. Dragon's Blood from Dracaena Worldwide: Species, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1315-1367. [PMID: 34247562 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dragon's blood (DB) refers mainly to the crimson resin of many Dracaena spp. DB has been used by different traditional medicine systems worldwide, including Arabic medicine, African medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, Thai medicine, etc. DB are mainly used to heal wounds, kill pain, stop bleeding, and cure various diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery and ulcers for over 1000 years. 11 Dracaena spp. and 3 subspecies are reported to be able to produce red resin. However, the resources are extremely deficient. Several Dracaena spp. are in threatened status. Over 300 compounds have been isolated from Dracaena spp., mainly including flavonoids, steroids, and phenolics. DB exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antithrombotic, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties, which explain its wound healing effects, preventive effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, dual-directional regulation of blood flow, neuroprotection and radioprotective effects. No apparent side effects or toxicity have been reported. DB are restricted from being exploited due to limited resources and unclear resin formation mechanism. It is necessary to expand the cultivation of Dracaena spp. and fully understand the mechanism underlying the resin formation process to develop an effective induction method for the sustainable utilization of DB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources, Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering, Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiangsheng Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine & Key Laboratory of State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood, Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, P. R. China
| | - Ruyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources, Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering, Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chuangjun Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Zhonglian Zhang
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources, Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering, Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jian-He Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources, Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering, Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine & Key Laboratory of State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood, Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, P. R. China
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32
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Shi S, Zhao Q, Ke C, Long S, Zhang F, Zhang X, Li Y, Liu X, Hu H, Yin S. Loureirin B Exerts its Immunosuppressive Effects by Inhibiting STIM1/Orai1 and K V1.3 Channels. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685092. [PMID: 34248635 PMCID: PMC8268022 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Loureirin B (LrB) is a constituent extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Resina Draconis. It has broad biological functions and an impressive immunosuppressive effect that has been supported by numerous studies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Loureirin B-induced immune suppression are not fully understood. We previously reported that Loureirin B inhibited KV1.3 channel, calcium ion (Ca2+) influx, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion in Jurkat T cells. In this study, we applied CRISPR/Cas9 to edit KV1.3 coding gene KCNA3 and successfully generated a KV1.3 knockout (KO) cell model to determine whether KV1.3 KO was sufficient to block the Loureirin B-induced immunosuppressive effect. Surprisingly, we showed that Loureirin B could still inhibit Ca2+ influx and IL-2 secretion in the Jurkat T cells in the absence of KV1.3 although KO KV1.3 reduced about 50% of Ca2+ influx and 90% IL-2 secretion compared with that in the wild type cells. Further experiments showed that Loureirin B directly inhibited STIM1/Orai1 channel in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest that Loureirin B inhibits Ca2+ influx and IL-2 secretion in Jurkat T cells by inhibiting both KV1.3 and STIM1/Orai1 channels. These studies also revealed an additional molecular target for Loureirin B-induced immunosuppressive effect, which makes it a promising leading compound for treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Shi
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Caihua Ke
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Siru Long
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinqiao Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Shijin Yin
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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33
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Thu ZM, Oo SM, Nwe TM, Aung HT, Armijos C, Hussain FHS, Vidari G. Structures and Bioactivities of Steroidal Saponins Isolated from the Genera Dracaena and Sansevieria. Molecules 2021; 26:1916. [PMID: 33805482 PMCID: PMC8037284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The species Dracaena and Sansevieria, that are well-known for different uses in traditional medicines and as indoor ornamental plants with air purifying property, are rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. In fact, a wide variety of phytochemical constituents have been isolated so far from about seventeen species. This paper has reviewed the literature of about 180 steroidal saponins, isolated from Dracaena and Sansevieria species, as a basis for further studies. Saponins are among the most characteristic metabolites isolated from the two genera. They show a great variety in structural motifs and a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative effects and, in most case, remarkable cytotoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaw Min Thu
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Myanmar; (S.M.O.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Sann Myint Oo
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Myanmar; (S.M.O.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Thinn Myat Nwe
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Myanmar; (S.M.O.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Hnin Thanda Aung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mandalay, Mandalay 100103, Myanmar;
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Faiq H. S. Hussain
- Medical Analysis Department, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Medical Analysis Department, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
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34
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Liu B, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Wang L, Hu B. Alleviation of isoprenaline hydrochloride induced myocardial ischemia injury by brucine through the inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase. Exp Gerontol 2021; 149:111332. [PMID: 33781843 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most extensive manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD), associated with prolonged supply and demand blood oxygen imbalance to the heart muscle. The treatment of MI includes several conventional medicines which are beta-blockers and calcium antagonists. Though, these were reported to be either not efficient or associated with life threatening adverse effects. Brucine, the main alkaloid bioactive compound from Strychnos nux-vomica seeds, offers unique compatibility advantages in inflammatory diseases associated clinical practices. Thus, the present investigation was projected to explore the activity of brucine towards MI provoked by isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO) in rats. The cardioprotective properties of brucine were evaluated via detecting the infarct size, serum cardiac marker enzymes (CK, CK-MB, cTnT, and cTnI), endogenous antioxidants (CAT, SOD, GPx), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS and LOOH), inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6) and histopathological analysis. The results demonstrated, brucine effectively restored the infarct size by increasing the endogenous antioxidants and decreasing the status of TBARS and LOOH, marker enzymes and ameliorated the histopathological injuries. Brucine's cardioprotective effect might be associated with TNF-α, IL-6 signaling molecules activation, revealing its pharmacological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Second Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Shandong ENT Hospital, No. 4 Duanxing West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 25002, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Vertigo, The People's Hospital of Huaiyin, Jinan, Shandong Province 250000, China
| | - Qingke Wu
- Shandong Shangheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong Province 250000, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shandong Shangheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong Province 250000, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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35
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A Comprehensive Review on Chemotaxonomic and Phytochemical Aspects of Homoisoflavonoids, as Rare Flavonoid Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052735. [PMID: 33800482 PMCID: PMC7962952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Homoisoflavonoids (3-benzylidene-4-chromanones) are considered as an infrequent flavonoid class, possessing multi-beneficial bioactivities. The present study gives an overview on phytochemical aspects of homoisoflavonoids, including utilized plant species, parts, extracts, and separation techniques. Overall, these compounds have mainly been isolated and identified from bulbs and rhizomes of the plants belonging to Asparagaceae and Fabaceae families, particularly the genera of Ophiopogon, Dracaena, Scilla, Polygonatum, and Caesalpinia.
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36
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Li Y, Liu S, Liu H, Cui Y, Deng Y. Dragon's Blood Regulates Rac1-WAVE2-Arp2/3 Signaling Pathway to Protect Rat Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction Induced by Simulated Microgravity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052722. [PMID: 33800361 PMCID: PMC7962842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dragon’s Blood is a red resin from Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen (Yunnan, China). As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, it has shown protective effects on intestinal disorders. Microgravity could alter intestinal homeostasis. However, the potential herbal drugs for preventing intestine epithelial barrier (IEB) dysfunction under microgravity are not available. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dragon’s Blood (DB) on microgravity-induced IEB injury and explore its underlying mechanism. A rat tail-suspension model was used to simulate microgravity (SMG). Histomorphology, ultrastructure, permeability, and expression of junction proteins in jejunum, ileum, and colon of SMG rats were determined. Proteomic analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in rat ileum mucosa altered by DB. The potential mechanism of DB to protect IEB dysfunction was validated by western blotting. The effects of several components in DB were evaluated in SMG-treated Caco-2 cells. DB protected against IEB disruption by repairing microvilli and crypts, inhibiting inflammatory factors, lowering the permeability and upregulating the expression of tight and adherens junction proteins in the ileum of SMG rats. Proteomic analysis showed that DB regulated 1080 DEPs in rat ileum mucosa. DEPs were significantly annotated in cell–cell adhesion, focal adhesion, and cytoskeleton regulation. DB increased the expression of Rac1-WAVE2-Arp2/3 pathway proteins and F-actin to G-actin ratio, which promoted the formation of focal adhesions. Loureirin C in DB showed a protective effect on epithelial barrier injury in SMG-treated Caco-2 cells. DB could protect against IEB dysfunction induced by SMG, and its mechanism is associated with the formation of focal adhesions mediated by the Rac1-WAVE2-Arp2/3 pathway, which benefits intestinal epithelial cell migration and barrier repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6891-4607
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37
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Xu C, Liu X, Shen J, Sun Q, Guo X, Yang M, Leng J. Integrative identification of human serpin PAI-1 inhibitors from Dracaena dragon blood and molecular implications for inhibitor-induced PAI-1 allosterism. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:221-229. [PMID: 33433923 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important component of the coagulation system and has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target of diverse cardiovascular disorders. Previously, it was found that the extracts from the Chinese medicine Dracaena dragon blood have potent inhibitory activity against PAI-1, but it is unclear which constituents directly participate in the inhibition and how do they regulate PAI-1 at molecular level. Here, we describe an integrated strategy to identify the dragon blood's chemical constituents that can directly target PAI-1. With the strategy, five compounds 1-5 are hit as promising PAI-1 inhibitor candidates, from which three are measured to have high or moderate activity against PAI-1. In particular, the compound 3 is determined to exhibit the highest potency; this value is roughly comparable with the widely used PAI-1 inhibitor Tiplaxtinin. We further examine the molecular effect of compound 3 on PAI-1 conformation at structural level. It is supposed that small-molecule inhibitor regulates the reactive center loop (RCL) of PAI-1 through an allosterism, that is, binding of compound 3 to PAI-1 can allosterically stabilize RCL in latent form, thus promoting PAI-1 conformational conversion from metastable active form to the inactive latent form. Long-term atomistic simulations also demonstrate that removal of compound 3 can destabilize the structured β-stranded conformation of RCL in latent form, although the current simulations are still not sufficient to characterize the full conversion dynamics trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xu
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shen
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Sun
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Leng
- Chongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Ding Y, Xia S, Zhang H, Chen Q, Niu B. Loureirin B activates GLP-1R and promotes insulin secretion in Ins-1 cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:855-866. [PMID: 33300675 PMCID: PMC7812269 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Loureirin B (LB) is a natural product derived from Sanguis draconis, which has hypoglycaemic effects. In order to research the possible target of LB in the treatment of diabetes, molecular docking was used to simulate the interaction between LB and potential targets, and among them, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) had the optimal results. Further, spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments were applied to detect the interaction between LB and GLP‐1R. Ultimately, after GLP‐1R siRNA interfering the expression of GLP‐1R in Ins‐1 cell, the promoting insulin secretion of LB was weaken, which directly proved that GLP‐1R plays an important role. These results show that LB promotes insulin secretion of Ins‐1 cells through GLP‐1R. Hence, the strategy of LB as a prodrug will provide a potential approach for non‐peptide GLP‐1R agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Ding
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijing Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Lin Y, Xiong W, Xiao S, Li F, Lu Z, Yan J, Fang X, Cui X, Wen Y, Liang J, Yu K. Pharmacoproteomics reveals the mechanism of Chinese dragon's blood in regulating the RSK/TSC2/mTOR/ribosome pathway in alleviation of DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 263:113221. [PMID: 32783984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese dragon's blood (CDB), a crude drug extracted from Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen, has been historically applied for the treatment of various diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC). Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this paper, the effects of CDB treatment on a mouse model of acute UC and proteomic variation in colonic tissue were investigated. The acute UC model in Balb/c mice was induced by administration of 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 8 days. After the mice with UC were intragastrically administered CDB and intraperitoneally injected with rapamycin (RAPA, a specific inhibitor of mTORC1), the disease activity index (DAI) and histopathological score were recorded. An isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) based LC-MS/MS proteomic technique was adopted to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in colonic tissue. Bioinformatics analysis was used to discover the molecular functions and pathways of the DEPs. Finally, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the protein expression. RESULTS The results showed that CDB treatment significantly ameliorated the symptoms and intestinal damage in acute UC, while RAPA treatment led to severe symptoms and intestinal damage. A total of 489 DEPs were reversed in the control check (CK) group and the CDB group. Most DEPs were enriched in the structural constituents of ribosomes and the ribosome pathway. CDB treatment significantly upregulated the expression of the mTOR, p-mTOR and p70S6K proteins and downregulated the expression of the Akt, p-Akt, and p4EBP1 proteins. However, RAPA treatment, unlike CDB, did not return the levels of mTOR, Akt, and their phosphorylated forms to nearly normal. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the dysfunction of the mTOR/ribosome pathway resulting in the inhibition of ribosome synthesis played an important role in the development of acute UC in mice, and CDB, but not RAPA, was an alternative drug for the treatment of acute UC by enhancing ribosome synthesis via the mTOR/ribosome pathway and further promoting protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Wanna Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Simeng Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Zhuo Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jiongyi Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xuewan Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xiaojuan Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yilei Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jianqin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Kai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Resina Draconis Reduces Acute Liver Injury and Promotes Liver Regeneration after 2/3 Partial Hepatectomy in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2305784. [PMID: 33082819 PMCID: PMC7563078 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2305784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of action of resina draconis (RD) on acute liver injury and liver regeneration after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice. Methods 2/3 PH was used to induce acute liver injury. Mice were divided into three groups: sham, vehicle + 2/3 PH, and RD + 2/3 PH. Resina draconis was administered intragastrically after 2/3 PH into the RD + 2/3 PH group, and the same volume of vehicle (1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) was injected into the vehicle + 2/3 PH group and sham group mice. The index of liver to body weight (ILBW) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were assayed to evaluate liver regeneration. Blood and liver tissues were collected for serological and western blotting analysis. Results Resina draconis protected against 2/3 PH-induced acute severe liver injury and promoted liver regeneration as shown by significantly increased ILBW compared with that of controls. 2/3 PH increased serum AST and ALT levels, which were significantly decreased by RD treatment, while 2/3 PH decreased serum TP and ALB, which were increased by RD treatment. In the RD + 2/3 PH group, PCNA expression was significantly increased compared with the 2/3 PH group. Further, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), TNFα, and EGFR levels were increased in the RD group at postoperative days 2 and 4 compared with the those in the 2/3 PH group. Conclusion Our results suggest that RD ameliorates acute hepatic injury and promotes liver cell proliferation, liver weight restoration, and liver function after 2/3 PH, probably via HGF, TNFα, and EGFR signaling.
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Thu ZM, Myo KK, Aung HT, Armijos C, Vidari G. Flavonoids and Stilbenoids of the Genera Dracaena and Sansevieria: Structures and Bioactivities. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112608. [PMID: 32503357 PMCID: PMC7321247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The genera Dracaena and Sansevieria (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) are still poorly resolved phylogenetically. Plants of these genera are commonly distributed in Africa, China, Southeast Asia, and America. Most of them are cultivated for ornamental and medicinal purposes and are used in various traditional medicines due to the wide range of ethnopharmacological properties. Extensive in vivo and in vitro tests have been carried out to prove the ethnopharmacological claims and other bioactivities. These investigations have been accompanied by the isolation and identification of hundreds of phytochemical constituents. The most characteristic metabolites are steroids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and saponins; many of them exhibit potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic activities. This review highlights the structures and bioactivities of flavonoids and stilbenoids isolated from Dracaena and Sansevieria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaw Min Thu
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Sagaing Region, Myanmar;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.T.); (C.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Ko Ko Myo
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Sagaing Region, Myanmar;
| | - Hnin Thanda Aung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mandalay, Mandalay 100103, Myanmar;
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (Z.M.T.); (C.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Medical Analysis Department, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Correspondence: (Z.M.T.); (C.A.); (G.V.)
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Maji A, Singh A, Singh N, Ghosh K. Efficient Organoruthenium Catalysts for α‐Alkylation of Ketones and Amide with Alcohols: Synthesis of Quinolines
via
Hydrogen Borrowing Strategy and their Mechanistic Studies. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Maji
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institution of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Anshu Singh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institution of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institution of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Kaushik Ghosh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institution of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667 India
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Dragon’s Blood from Dracaena cambodiana in China: Applied History and Induction Techniques toward Formation Mechanism. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dragon’s blood that is extracted from Dracaena plants has been widely used as traditional medicine in various ancient cultures. The application of dragon’s blood has a cherished history in China, even though the original plants were not discovered for some period. Dracaena cochinchinensis and Dracaena cambodiana were successively discovered in southern China during the 1970s–1980s. In the last half of the century, Chinese scientists have extensively investigated the production of dragon’s blood from these two Dracaena species, whereas these results have not been previously systematically summarized, as in the present paper. Herein, we present the applied history in ancient China and artificially induced technologies for dragon’s blood development based on these two Dracaena species, in particular, using tissue cultures seedlings and tender plants of D. cambodiana. Big data research, including transcriptomic and genomic studies, has suggested that dragon’s blood might be a defense substance that is secreted by Dracaena plants in response to (a)biotic stimuli. This review represents an effort to highlight the progress and achievements from applied history as well as induction techniques that are used for the formation of dragon’s blood that have taken place in China. Such knowledge might aid in the global conservation of wild Dracaena species and contribute to understanding dragon blood formation mechanisms, eventually assisting in the efficient utilization of limited Dracaena plant resources for the sustainable production of dragon’s blood.
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Metrics of Growth Habit Derived from the 3D Tree Point Cloud Used for Species Determination—A New Approach in Botanical Taxonomy Tested on Dragon Tree Group Example. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Detailed, three-dimensional modeling of trees is a new approach in botanical taxonomy. Representations of individual trees are a prerequisite for accurate assessments of tree growth and morphological metronomy. This study tests the abilities of 3D modeling of trees to determine the various metrics of growth habit and compare morphological differences. The study included four species of the genus Dracaena: D. draco, D. cinnabari, D. ombet, and D. serrulata. Forty-nine 3D tree point clouds were created, and their morphological metrics were derived and compared. Our results indicate the possible application of 3D tree point clouds to dendrological taxonomy. Basic metrics of growth habit and coefficients derived from the 3D point clouds developed in the present study enable the statistical evaluation of differences among dragon tree species.
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Abstract
This article is a broad review focused on dragon trees—one of the most famous groups of trees in the world, well known from ancient times. These tertiary relicts are severely endangered in most of the area where they grow. The characteristic features of the dragon tree group are described and the species belonging to this group are listed. This review gathers together current knowledge regarding the taxonomy, evolution, anatomy and morphology, physiology, and ontogeny of arborescent dragon tree species. Attention is also paid to the composition, harvesting, medicinal, and ethnobotanical use of the resin (dragons’ blood). An evaluation of population structure, distribution, ecology, threats, and nature conservation forms the final part of the review. In the conclusions we recommend further avenues of research that will be needed to effectively protect all dragon tree species.
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Lang GZ, Li CJ, Gaohu TY, Li C, Ma J, Yang JZ, Zhou TT, Yuan YH, Ye F, Wei JH, Zhang DM. Bioactive flavonoid dimers from Chinese dragon's blood, the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103659. [PMID: 32078940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Seven flavonoid dimers, biflavocochins A-G, together with six known compounds were isolated from the red resins of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Chinese dragon's blood). Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of 1-7 was assigned by experimental and quantum chemical calculated ECD spectra, and that of 4 was further established by X-ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα radiation. Compounds 1-3 are novel dimers of homoisoflavonoid and dihydrochalcone with a unique dibenzopyran ring. Compounds 2, 6, 7 exhibited moderate PTP1B inhibitory activities in an enzyme assay. Compound 1 showed neuroprotective effect on serum deficiency-induced cellular damage in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhen Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong-Yue Gaohu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-He Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-He Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Song M, Guan Y, Ma X. Species Identification of Dracaena Using the Complete Chloroplast Genome as a Super-Barcode. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1441. [PMID: 31849682 PMCID: PMC6901964 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The taxonomy and nomenclature of Dracaena plants are much disputed, particularly for several Dracaena species in Asia. However, neither morphological features nor common DNA regions are ideal for identification of Dracaena spp. Meanwhile, although multiple Dracaena spp. are sources of the rare traditional medicine dragon's blood, the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China has defined Dracaena cochinchinensis as the only source plant. The inaccurate identification of Dracaena spp. will inevitably affect the clinical efficacy of dragon's blood. It is therefore important to find a better method to distinguish these species. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of six Dracaena spp., D. cochinchinensis, D. cambodiana, D. angustifolia, D. terniflora, D. hokouensis, and D. elliptica, obtained through high-throughput Illumina sequencing. These CP genomes exhibited typical circular tetramerous structure, and their sizes ranged from 155,055 (D. elliptica) to 155,449 bp (D. cochinchinensis). The GC content of each CP genome was 37.5%. Furthermore, each CP genome contained 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. There were no potential coding or non-coding regions to distinguish these six species, but the maximum likelihood tree of the six Dracaena spp. and other related species revealed that the whole CP genome can be used as a super-barcode to identify these Dracaena spp. This study provides not only invaluable data for species identification and safe medical application of Dracaena but also an important reference and foundation for species identification and phylogeny of Liliaceae plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglian Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yunnan Branch of Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Yunnan Branch of Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Yunnan Branch of Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
| | - Yanhong Guan
- Yunnan Branch of Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sun J, Liu JN, Fan B, Chen XN, Pang DR, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Zhao YF, Xiao W, Tu PF, Song YL, Li J. Phenolic constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and metabolism of Dracaena species: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112138. [PMID: 31390529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dragon's blood (Chinese name: Xuejie), which comprises red resins obtained from several plants (27 species from 4 families), is drawing worldwide interests in medicinal applications owing to its broad pharmacological spectrum such as promoting blood circulation, regenerating muscle, relieving swelling and pain, maintaining hemostasis, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: This work aims to evaluate current research progress on phenolic constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and metabolism of six Dracaena plants, namely, Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen, D. cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep., D. cinnabari Balf. f., D. draco (L.) L., D. loureiroi Gagnep., and D. schizantha Baker, figure out the shortcomings of existing studies, and provide meaningful guidelines for future investigations. METHODS Extensive database retrieval, such as SciFinder, PubMed, CNKI, ChemSpider, etc., was performed by using the keywords "Dracaena," "dragon's blood," as well as the Latin names of the six Dracaena species. In addition, relevant textbooks, patents, reviews, and documents were also employed to ensure sufficient information is collected. RESULTS Flavonoids and their oligomers are the primary chemical clusters distributed in Dracaena plants. Pharmacological activities including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and cytotoxic effects; bi-directional regulation effects on hemorheology; and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects have been disclosed by modern pharmacological evaluations. The chemical and metabolic profiles after oral administration of dragon's blood extract were preliminarily characterized. However, some of the pharmacological investigations reported only elementary methodologies and unreliable findings, and even worse, some important aspects were questionable or missing in these articles. CONCLUSIONS Dragon's blood is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, mainly flavonoids and their oligomers. Its potential therapeutic effects on different diseases are attractive, such as the notable effect on cardiovascular diseases. In future studies, there is an urgent need to test the effect of this extract on appropriate cell lines and animal models to analyze its ethnopharmacological applications; moreover, "composition-effect correlation" methods and omics technologies are demanded for identifying the effective material basis and therapeutic mechanisms before entering into clinical trials. Moreover, attention should be paid to the chemical profiling and quality evaluation of this precious herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jia-Ni Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bei Fan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Chen
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dao-Ran Pang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New Technology for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; National Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New Technology for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Yue-Lin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Wu C, Cai XQ, Chang Y, Chen CH, Ho TJ, Lai SC, Chen HP. Rapid identification of dragon blood samples from Daemonorops draco, Dracaena cinnabari and Dracaena cochinchinensis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2019; 30:720-726. [PMID: 31313432 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dragon blood is a deep-red plant resin which has been used as folk medicine for more than a thousand years. It can be produced from at least four entirely different plant families: Asparagaceae, Arecaceae, Chamaesyce, and Fabaceae. Current pharmacopeia states that the only "authentic" source of dragon blood is the palm tree, Daemonorops draco. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to find a high-throughput method to screen and identify the plant sources of commercial dragon blood products. METHODOLOGY A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) based method for rapid screening of dracorhodin in commercial dragon blood samples was established in this study. RESULTS Well-resolved peaks of dracorhodin in spectra were observed in the crude extracts of samples. Dragon blood samples from two other plant species, Dracaena cinnabari and Dracaena cochinchinensis, were also examined. Their indicator compounds, loureirin A and B, were detected in these plants. CONCLUSION A MALDI-TOF based method for preliminarily examination of commercial dragon blood samples is reported here. In contrast to MALDI-TOF, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a time-consuming and costly method, not ideal for routine and large-scale screening of commercial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhung Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Qi Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Centre of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chih Lai
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Centre of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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LIN MY, YUAN ZL, HU DD, HU GH, ZHANG RL, ZHONG H, YAN L, JIANG YY, SU J, WANG Y. Effect of loureirin A against Candida albicans biofilms. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:616-623. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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