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Qin X, Ning W, Liu H, Liu X, Luo W, Xia N. Stepping forward: T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies in cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2361-2377. [PMID: 38828136 PMCID: PMC11143529 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies are specifically designed to bind to tumor-associated antigens, thereby engaging with CD3 on the T cell receptor. This linkage between tumor cells and T cells actively triggers T cell activation and initiates targeted killing of the identified tumor cells. These antibodies have emerged as one of the most promising avenues within tumor immunotherapy. However, despite success in treating hematological malignancies, significant advancements in solid tumors have yet to be explored. In this review, we aim to address the critical challenges associated with T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies and explore novel strategies to overcome these obstacles, with the ultimate goal of expanding the application of this therapy to include solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenjing Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry–Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Tran TH, Le TH, Nguyen THT, Vong LB, Nguyen MTT, Nguyen NT, Dang PH. Discovery of Alkyl Triphenylphosphonium Pinostrobin Derivatives as Potent Anti-Breast Cancer Agents. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400864. [PMID: 38699953 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Pinostrobin demonstrated anticancer properties, but its hydrophobic feature led to a reduction in bioavailability. The mitochondria-targeted approach successfully synthesized eight new alkyl triphenylphosphonium pinostrobin derivatives (1-8) with good yield in this study. Seven compounds (1-3, 5-8) showed greater cytotoxic potency against the human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line than pinostrobin. Molecular docking studies were performed with two important targets in hormone-dependent anticancer strategies, estrogen receptor α (ERα) ligand binding domains, 3ERT (antagonist recognition and antiproliferative function), and 1GWR (agonist recognition and pro-proliferative function). In addition, the MD simulation study of the two most potent compounds (2 and 3) complexed with both ERα forms suggested that compounds 2 and 3 could serve as favourable antagonists. Furthermore, the in silico ADMET prediction indicated that compounds 2 and 3 could be potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Hoai Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
| | - Tho Huu Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
| | - Thu-Ha Thi Nguyen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
| | - Long Binh Vong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
| | - Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
| | - Nhan Trung Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
| | - Phu Hoang Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71300, Vietnam
- Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 72711, Vietnam
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Siniavin AE, Gushchin VA, Shastina NS, Darnotuk ES, Luyksaar SI, Russu LI, Inshakova AM, Shidlovskaya EV, Vasina DV, Kuznetsova NA, Savina DM, Zorkov ID, Dolzhikova IV, Sheremet AB, Logunov DY, Zigangirova NA, Gintsburg AL. New conjugates based on N4-hydroxycytidine with more potent antiviral efficacy in vitro than EIDD-2801 against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses. Antiviral Res 2024; 225:105871. [PMID: 38555022 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 continues due to genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2. Highly mutated variants of SARS-CoV-2 have an increased transmissibility and immune evasion. Due to the emergence of various new variants of the virus, there is an urgent need to develop broadly effective specific drugs for therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Molnupiravir (EIDD-2801, MK-4482), is an orally bioavailable ribonucleoside analogue of β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC), has demonstrated efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and was recently approved for COVID-19 treatment. To improve antiviral potency of NHC, we developed a panel of NHC conjugates with lipophilic vectors and ester derivatives with amino- and carboxylic-acids. Most of the synthesized compounds had comparable or higher (2-20 times) antiviral activity than EIDD-2801, against different lineages of SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229E, as well as bovine coronavirus. For further studies, we assessed the most promising compound in terms of activity, simplicity and cost of synthesis - NHC conjugate with phenylpropionic acid (SN_9). SN_9 has shown high efficacy in prophylactic, therapeutic and transmission models of COVID-19 infection in hamsters. Importantly, SN_9 profoundly inhibited virus replication in the lower respiratory tract of hamsters and transgenic mice infected with the Omicron sublineages XBB.1.9.1, XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1.1. These data indicate that SN_9 represents a promising antiviral drug candidate for COVID-19 treatment, and NHC modification strategies deserve further investigation as an approach to develop prodrugs against various coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei E Siniavin
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vladimir A Gushchin
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Department of Medical Genetics, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natal'ya S Shastina
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 119571, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta S Darnotuk
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 119571, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey I Luyksaar
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid I Russu
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna M Inshakova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 119571, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Shidlovskaya
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria V Vasina
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda A Kuznetsova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria M Savina
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya D Zorkov
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna V Dolzhikova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna B Sheremet
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Y Logunov
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nailya A Zigangirova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander L Gintsburg
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Institution "National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia; Department of Infectology and Virology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
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Zhang H, Wei S, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Yao H, Qi G, Adu-Frimpong M, Sun C. Influence of Different Ratios of DSPE-PEG2k on Ester Prodrug Self-Assembly Nanoparticles for Cell Migration and Proliferation Suppression. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2807-2821. [PMID: 38525014 PMCID: PMC10959298 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s446741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bufalin (BFL, an active anti-tumor compound derived from toad venom) is limited in its application due to high toxicity and rapid metabolism of the cardiotonic steroid. Ester prodrug self-assembly nanoparticles have shown significant improved effects in addressing the above-mentioned issues. Methods An ester bond was formed between linoleic acid and bufalin to synthesize linoleic acid-bufalin prodrug (LeB). The self-assembly nanoparticles (LeB-PSNs) containing different mass ratios of DSPE-PEG2k and prodrug (6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1 and 10:0) were prepared via co-precipitation method and defined as 6:4-PSNs, 7:3-PSNs, 8:2-PSNs, 9:1-PSNs and LeB-PSNs, respectively. Further, the characterization (particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology and stability) of the nanoparticles was carried out. Finally, we evaluated the impact of different ratios of DSPE-PEG2k on the hydrolysis rate, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, cell migration and proliferation suppression potential of the prodrug nanoparticles. Results The linoleic acid-bufalin prodrug (LeB) was successfully synthesized. Upon the addition of DSPE-PEG2k at different weight ratios, both particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) significantly decreased, while the zeta potential increased remarkably. No significant differences in particle size, PDI and Zeta potential were observed among the 9:1, 8:2 and 7:3 PSNs. Notably, the 8:2 (w/w) DSPE-PEG2k nanoparticles exhibited superior stability, hydrolysis and cellular uptake rates, along with efficient cell cytotoxicity, cell migration and proliferation suppression. Conclusion These findings indicate that DSPE-PEG2k could improve the performance of BFL prodrug nanoparticles, namely enhancing stability and achieving adaptive drug release by modulating the hydrolysis rate of esterase. This study therefore provides more opportunities for the development of BFL application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunru Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael Adu-Frimpong
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS), Navrongo, UK-0215-5321, Ghana
| | - Congyong Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, 223300, People’s Republic of China
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Huang R, Hirschbiegel CM, Lehot V, Liu L, Cicek YA, Rotello VM. Modular Fabrication of Bioorthogonal Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300943. [PMID: 37042795 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of transition metal catalysts (TMCs) into nanoscaffolds generates nanocatalysts that replicate key aspects of enzymatic behavior. The TMCs can access bioorthogonal chemistry unavailable to living systems. These bioorthogonal nanozymes can be employed as in situ "factories" for generating bioactive molecules where needed. The generation of effective bioorthogonal nanozymes requires co-engineering of the TMC and the nanometric scaffold. This review presents an overview of recent advances in the field of bioorthogonal nanozymes, focusing on modular design aspects of both nanomaterial and catalyst and how they synergistically work together for in situ uncaging of imaging and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Victor Lehot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yagiz Anil Cicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Patel M, Patel A, Desai J, Patel S. Cutaneous Pharmacokinetics of Topically Applied Novel Dermatological Formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:46. [PMID: 38413430 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel formulations are developed for dermatological applications to address a wide range of patient needs and therapeutic challenges. By pushing the limits of pharmaceutical technology, these formulations strive to provide safer, more effective, and patient-friendly solutions for dermatological concerns, ultimately improving the overall quality of dermatological care. The article explores the different types of novel dermatological formulations, including nanocarriers, transdermal patches, microsponges, and microneedles, and the techniques involved in the cutaneous pharmacokinetics of these innovative formulations. Furthermore, the significance of knowing cutaneous pharmacokinetics and the difficulties faced during pharmacokinetic assessment have been emphasized. The article examines all the methods employed for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of novel dermatological formulations. In addition to a concise overview of earlier techniques, discussions on novel methodologies, including tape stripping, in vitro permeation testing, cutaneous microdialysis, confocal Raman microscopy, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry have been conducted. Emerging technologies like the use of microfluidic devices for skin absorption studies and computational models for predicting drug pharmacokinetics have also been discussed. This article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and pharmaceutical professionals determined to enhance the development and understanding of novel dermatological drug products and the complex dynamics of cutaneous pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Research & Development Cell, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, 391760, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ashwini Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Krishna School of Pharmacy & Research, Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University, Vadodara, 391243, Gujarat, India
| | - Jagruti Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Swayamprakash Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388 421, Gujarat, India
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Brito C, Silva JV, Gonzaga RV, La-Scalea MA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. A Review on Carbon Nanotubes Family of Nanomaterials and Their Health Field. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8687-8708. [PMID: 38434894 PMCID: PMC10905599 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles
L. Brito
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V. Silva
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro A. La-Scalea
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
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8
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Krikunova PV, Tolordava ER, Arkharova NA, Karimov DN, Bukreeva TV, Shirinian VZ, Khaydukov EV, Pallaeva TN. Riboflavin Crystals with Extremely High Water Solubility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5504-5512. [PMID: 38278768 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
New insights into the unique biochemical properties of riboflavin (Rf), also known as vitamin B2, are leading to the development of its use not only as a vitamin supplement but also as a potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral agent, where it may play a role as an inhibitor of viral proteinases. At the same time, the comparison of the pharmacoactivity of Rf with its known metabolites, namely, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), is very complicated due to its poor water solubility: 0.1-0.3 g/L versus 67 g/L for FMN and 50 g/L for FAD, which is the limiting factor for its administration in clinical practice. In this study, we report the recrystallization procedure of the type A Rf crystals into the slightly hydrophobic type B/C and a new hydrophilic crystal form that has been termed the P type. Our method of Rf crystal modification based on recrystallization from dilute alkaline solution provides an unprecedented extremely high water solubility of Rf, reaching 23.5 g/L. A comprehensive study of the physicochemical properties of type P riboflavin showed increased photodynamic therapeutic activity compared to the known types A and B/C against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. Importantly, our work not only demonstrates a simple and inexpensive method for the synthesis of riboflavin with high solubility, which should lead to increased bioactivity, but also opens up opportunities for improving both known and new therapeutic applications of vitamin B2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eteri R Tolordava
- Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - Denis N Karimov
- FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | | | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Prayag KS, Paul AT, Ghorui SK, Jindal AB. Long-term antitrypanosomal effect of quinapyramine sulphate-loaded oil-based nanosuspension in T. evansi-infected mouse model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:542-554. [PMID: 37648938 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present work consisted of the formulation development and evaluation of quinapyramine sulphate (QS)-loaded long-acting oil-based nanosuspension for improved antitrypanosomal effect. QS was transformed into a hydrophobic ionic complex using anionic sodium cholate (Na.C). The complex was characterized by FTIR, DSC, and XRD. Oil-based nanosuspension was prepared by dispersing the QS-Na.C complex in thixotropically thickened olive oil. The nanoformulation was found to be cytocompatible (82.5 ± 5.87% cell viability at the minimum effective concentration [MEC]) in THP-1 cell lines and selectively trypanotoxic (p < 0.0001). The pharmacokinetic studies of QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension showed 13.54-fold, 7.09-fold, 1.78-fold, and 17.35-fold increases in t1/2, AUC0-∞, Vz/F, and MRT0-ꝏ, respectively, as compared to free QS. Moreover, a 7.08-fold reduction in plasma clearance was observed after the treatment with the optimized formulation in Wistar rats. Furthermore, treatment with QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension (7.5 mg/kg) in T. evansi-infected mice model showed the absence of parasitaemia for more than 75 days after the treatment during in vivo efficacy studies. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed by observation of blood smear and PCR assay for DNA amplification. To conclude, our findings suggest that the efficient delivery of QS from the developed QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension could be a promising treatment option for veterinary infections against trypanosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar S Prayag
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
| | - Samar Kumar Ghorui
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, 334001, Jorbeer, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil B Jindal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India.
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10
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Reese TC, Devineni A, Smith T, Lalami I, Ahn JM, Raj GV. Evaluating physiochemical properties of FDA-approved orally administered drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:225-238. [PMID: 37921049 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2275617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Analyses of orally administered FDA-approved drugs from 1990 to 1993 enabled the identification of a set of physiochemical properties known as Lipinski's Rule of Five (Ro5). The original Ro5 and extended versions still remain the reference criteria for drug development programs. Since many bioactive compounds do not conform to the Ro5, we validated the relevance of and adherence to these rulesets in a contemporary cohort of FDA-approved drugs. AREAS COVERED The authors noted that a significant proportion of FDA-approved orally administered parent compounds from 2011 to 2022 deviate from the original Ro5 criteria (~38%) or the Ro5 with extensions (~53%). They then evaluated if a contemporary Ro5 criteria (cRo5) could be devised to better predict oral bioavailability. Furthermore, they discuss many case studies showcasing the need for and benefit of increasing the size of certain compounds and cover several evolving strategies for improving oral bioavailability. EXPERT OPINION Despite many revisions to the Ro5, the authors find that no single proposed physiochemical rule has universal concordance with absolute oral bioavailability. Innovations in drug delivery and formulation have dramatically expanded the range of physicochemical properties and the chemical diversity for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner C Reese
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Anvita Devineni
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Tristan Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Ismail Lalami
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Jung-Mo Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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11
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Abdelsalam M, Zmyslia M, Schmidtkunz K, Vecchio A, Hilscher S, Ibrahim HS, Schutkowski M, Jung M, Jessen-Trefzer C, Sippl W. Design and synthesis of bioreductive prodrugs of class I histone deacetylase inhibitors and their biological evaluation in virally transfected acute myeloid leukemia cells. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300536. [PMID: 37932028 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Although histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise in treating various types of hematologic malignancies, they have some limitations, including poor pharmacokinetics and off-target side effects. Prodrug design has shown promise as an approach to improve pharmacokinetic properties and to improve target tissue specificity. In this work, several bioreductive prodrugs for class I HDACs were designed based on known selective HDAC inhibitors. The zinc-binding group of the HDAC inhibitors was masked with various nitroarylmethyl residues to make them substrates of nitroreductase (NTR). The developed prodrugs showed weak HDAC inhibitory activity compared to their parent inhibitors. The prodrugs were tested against wild-type and NTR-transfected THP1 cells. Cellular assays showed that both 2-nitroimidazole-based prodrugs 5 and 6 were best activated by the NTR and exhibited potent activity against NTR-THP1 cells. Compound 6 showed the highest cellular activity (GI50 = 77 nM) and exhibited moderate selectivity. Moreover, activation of prodrug 6 by NTR was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, which showed the release of the parent inhibitor after incubation with Escherichia coli NTR. Thus, compound 6 can be considered a novel prodrug selective for class I HDACs, which could be used as a good starting point for increasing selectivity and for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelsalam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mariia Zmyslia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Karin Schmidtkunz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Anita Vecchio
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hilscher
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
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12
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Sharma A, Jin L, Wang X, Wang YT, Stresser DM. Developing an adult stem cell derived microphysiological intestinal system for predicting oral prodrug bioconversion and permeability in humans. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:339-355. [PMID: 38099395 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS) incorporating human intestinal organoids have shown the potential to faithfully model intestinal biology with the promise to accelerate development of oral prodrugs. We hypothesized that an MPS model incorporating flow, shear stress, and vasculature could provide more reliable measures of prodrug bioconversion and permeability. Following construction of jejunal and duodenal organoid MPS derived from 3 donors, we determined the area under the concentration-time (AUC) curve for the active drug in the vascular channel and characterized the enzymology of prodrug bioconversion. Fosamprenavir underwent phosphatase mediated hydrolysis to amprenavir while dabigatran etexilate (DABE) exhibited proper CES2- and, as anticipated, not CES1-mediated de-esterification, followed by permeation of amprenavir to the vascular channel. When experiments were conducted in the presence of bio-converting enzyme inhibitors (orthovanadate for alkaline phosphatase; bis(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate for carboxylesterase), the AUC of the active drug decreased accordingly in the vascular channel. In addition to functional analysis, the MPS was characterized through imaging and proteomic analysis. Imaging revealed proper expression and localization of epithelial, endothelial, tight junction and catalytic enzyme markers. Global proteomic analysis was used to analyze the MPS model and 3 comparator sources: an organoid-based transwell model (which was also evaluated for function), Matrigel embedded organoids and finally jejunal and duodenal cadaver tissues collected from 3 donors. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) of global proteomic data demonstrated that all organoid-based models exhibited strong similarity and were distinct from tissues. Intestinal organoids in the MPS model exhibited strong similarity to human tissue for key epithelial markers via HCA. Quantitative proteomic analysis showed higher expression of key prodrug converting and drug metabolizing enzymes in MPS-derived organoids compared to tissues, organoids in Matrigel, and organoids on transwells. When comparing organoids from MPS and transwells, expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPI), carboxylesterase (CES)2, cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and sucrase isomaltase (SI) was 2.97-, 1.2-, 11.3-, and 27.7-fold higher for duodenum and 7.7-, 4.6-, 18.1-, and 112.2-fold higher for jejunum organoids in MPS, respectively. The MPS approach can provide a more physiological system than enzymes, organoids, and organoids on transwells for pharmacokinetic analysis of prodrugs that account for 10% of all commercial medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sharma
- Quantitative, Translational & ADME Sciences, AbbVie, Inc, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Liang Jin
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yue-Ting Wang
- Quantitative, Translational & ADME Sciences, AbbVie, Inc, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - David M Stresser
- Quantitative, Translational & ADME Sciences, AbbVie, Inc, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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13
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Cabral-Pacheco GA, Flores-Morales V, Garza-Veloz I, Damián-Sandoval M, Martínez-Flores RB, Martínez-Vázquez MC, Delgado-Enciso I, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Martinez-Fierro ML. Evaluation of dapsone and its synthetic derivative DDS‑13 in cancer in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:47. [PMID: 38144918 PMCID: PMC10739155 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study highlighted the repositioning of the drug dapsone (DDS) for cancer therapy. Due to its mechanism of action, DDS has a dual effect as an antibiotic and as an anti-inflammatory/immunomodulator; however, at high doses, it has important adverse effects. The derivative DDS-13 [N,N'-(sulfonyl bis (4,1-phenylene)) dioctanamide] was synthesized through an N-acylation reaction to compare it with DDS. Its cytotoxic effects in cancer cells (DU145 and HeLa) and non-cancer cells (HDFa) were observed at concentrations ranging 0.01-100 µM and its physicochemical/pharmacokinetic properties were analyzed using the SwissADME tool. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the anticancer activity of both DDS and DDS-13 and to identify the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of DDS-13. The results showed that DDS-13 presented a cytotoxic effect in the DU145 cell line (IC50=19.06 µM), while DDS showed a cytotoxic effect on both the DU145 (IC50=11.11 µM) and HeLa (IC50=13.07 µM) cell lines. DDS-13 appears to be a good cytotoxic candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer, while DDS appears to be a good candidate for both cervical and prostate cancer. Neither candidate showed a cytotoxic effect in non-cancerous cells. The different pharmacokinetic properties of DDS-13 make it a new candidate for evaluation in preclinical models for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda A. Cabral-Pacheco
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Virginia Flores-Morales
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Bio-Chemoinformatics, Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Miriam Damián-Sandoval
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Rosa B. Martínez-Flores
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - María C. Martínez-Vázquez
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico
| | - Iram P. Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Molecular and Structural Physiology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Nuevo León 66455, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
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14
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Kotadiya DD, Patel P, Patel HD. Cell-Penetrating Peptides: A Powerful Tool for Targeted Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:368-388. [PMID: 37026498 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230407092924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The cellular membrane hinders the effective delivery of therapeutics to targeted sites. Cellpenetrating peptide (CPP) is one of the best options for rapidly internalizing across the cellular membrane. CPPs have recently attracted lots of attention because of their excellent transduction efficiency and low cytotoxicity. The CPP-cargo complex is an effective and efficient method of delivering several chemotherapeutic agents used to treat various diseases. Additionally, CPP has become another strategy to overcome some of the current therapeutic agents' limitations. However, no CPP complex is approved by the US FDA because of its limitations and issues. In this review, we mainly discuss the cellpenetrating peptide as the delivery vehicle, the cellular uptake mechanism of CPPs, their design, and some strategies to synthesize the CPP complex via some linkers such as disulfide bond, oxime, etc. Here, we also discuss the recent status of CPPs in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant D Kotadiya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyushkumar Patel
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitesh D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
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15
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Jamgotchian L, Devel L, Thai R, Poupel L, Huby T, Gautier E, Le Goff W, Lesnik P, Gravel E, Doris E. Targeted delivery of LXR-agonists to atherosclerotic lesions mediated by polydiacetylene micelles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18864-18870. [PMID: 37966726 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04778d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of compact and stabilized micelles incorporating a synthetic LXR agonist prodrug for the passive targeting of atherosclerotic lesions and therapeutic intervention. In vivo studies showed that the nanohybrid micelles exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics/biodistribution and were able to upregulate, to some extent, LXR target genes with no alteration of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Jamgotchian
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Laurent Devel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMOS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Robert Thai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMOS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Lucie Poupel
- Inovarion, 251 rue saint Jacques, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Huby
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Emmanuel Gautier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Eric Doris
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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16
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Zhang W, Jia W, Weitz BW, Ma F, Chen Y, Chiang PC, Hou HH, Nagapudi K. Comparative Evaluation of Particle Size Reduction, Salt Formation, and Amorphous Formulation on the Biopharmaceutical Performance of a Weak Base Drug Candidate. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5888-5900. [PMID: 37792707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Various approaches have been developed to enhance the solubility or dissolution rate for the delivery of poorly water-soluble molecules. In this work, guided by an in silico solubility sensitivity analysis for oral absorption, a comparative assessment of the biopharmaceutical performance of a jet-milled free base, a tosylate salt, and a 50:50 (w/w) amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) of a weak base drug candidate, GDC-3280, was conducted. Successful particle size reduction without amorphization or form change was confirmed for the jet-milled free base. The potential of solubility enhancement and desupersaturation risk were identified for tosylate salt and ASD formulation by measurements of tosylate salt solubility product constant (Ksp) and amorphous solubility of GDC-3280. In vitro dissolution testing demonstrated dissolution rate improvement for the jet-milled free base when compared with the unmilled free base and confirmed solubility enhancement followed by desupersaturation for GDC-3280 tosylate salt and ASD formulation. A crystallization inhibitor, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), was found to slow down the desupersaturation of tosylate salt solution, providing general insights for the development of pharmaceutical salts with disproportionation risks. Finally, a pharmacokinetic study in dogs showed that the in vivo exposure increased by 1.7- to 2-fold for the tosylate salt and ASD formulation compared with the jet-milled free base, consistent with the in silico solubility sensitivity analysis for the fraction of drug absorbed. Overall, this work provides insights into the evaluation of multiple formulation approaches for enhancing the biopharmaceutical performance of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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17
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Kim Y, Li H, Choi J, Boo J, Jo H, Hyun JY, Shin I. Glycosidase-targeting small molecules for biological and therapeutic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7036-7070. [PMID: 37671645 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00032j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosidases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages in oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. These enzymes play a vital role in a wide variety of biological events, such as digestion of nutritional carbohydrates, lysosomal catabolism of glycoconjugates, and posttranslational modifications of glycoproteins. Abnormal glycosidase activities are associated with a variety of diseases, particularly cancer and lysosomal storage disorders. Owing to the physiological and pathological significance of glycosidases, the development of small molecules that target these enzymes is an active area in glycoscience and medicinal chemistry. Research efforts carried out thus far have led to the discovery of numerous glycosidase-targeting small molecules that have been utilized to elucidate biological processes as well as to develop effective chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, we describe the results of research studies reported since 2018, giving particular emphasis to the use of fluorescent probes for detection and imaging of glycosidases, activity-based probes for covalent labelling of these enzymes, glycosidase inhibitors, and glycosidase-activatable prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joohee Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihyeon Boo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyemi Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Menendez CA, Mohamed A, Perez-Lemus GR, Weiss AM, Rawe BW, Liu G, Crolais AE, Kenna E, Byléhn F, Alvarado W, Mendels D, Rowan SJ, Tay S, de Pablo JJ. Development of Masitinib Derivatives with Enhanced M pro Ligand Efficiency and Reduced Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2023; 28:6643. [PMID: 37764425 PMCID: PMC10536273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a high-throughput screen of 1900 clinically used drugs identified masitinib, an orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor, as a potential treatment for COVID-19. Masitinib acts as a broad-spectrum inhibitor for human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and several of its variants. In this work, we rely on atomistic molecular dynamics simulations with advanced sampling methods to develop a deeper understanding of masitinib's mechanism of Mpro inhibition. To improve the inhibitory efficiency and to increase the ligand selectivity for the viral target, we determined the minimal portion of the molecule (fragment) that is responsible for most of the interactions that arise within the masitinib-Mpro complex. We found that masitinib forms highly stable and specific H-bond interactions with Mpro through its pyridine and aminothiazole rings. Importantly, the interaction with His163 is a key anchoring point of the inhibitor, and its perturbation leads to ligand unbinding within nanoseconds. Based on these observations, a small library of rationally designed masitinib derivatives (M1-M5) was proposed. Our results show increased inhibitory efficiency and highly reduced cytotoxicity for the M3 and M4 derivatives compared to masitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia A. Menendez
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Adil Mohamed
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Gustavo R. Perez-Lemus
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Adam M. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.L.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Benjamin W. Rawe
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Guancen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.L.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Alex E. Crolais
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.L.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Emma Kenna
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Fabian Byléhn
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Walter Alvarado
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Dan Mendels
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.L.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Savaş Tay
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (G.R.P.-L.); (B.W.R.); (S.J.R.); (S.T.)
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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19
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Yang W, Lipert M, Nofsinger R. Current screening, design, and delivery approaches to address low permeability of chemically synthesized modalities in drug discovery and early clinical development. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103685. [PMID: 37356613 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
A drug's permeability across biological membranes is a key property associated with the successful development of an orally absorbed drug candidate. Although a variety of methods are available for predicting and assessing permeability, some are more preferred than others at specific stages of drug discovery and development across the pharmaceutical industry. Permeability measurements may be interpreted differently depending on the chosen method. Herein, we present a refreshed perspective on the screening approaches and philosophy in permeability evaluation, from early drug discovery to early clinical development. Additionally, we review and discuss chemical design and drug delivery technologies that can be leveraged to overcome permeability challenges, which are increasingly being used with emerging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhan Yang
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA.
| | - Maya Lipert
- Molecular Profiling and Drug Delivery, Small Molecule CMC Development, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Mitry MMA, Boateng SY, Greco F, Osborn HMI. Bioorthogonal activation of prodrugs, for the potential treatment of breast cancer, using the Staudinger reaction. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1537-1548. [PMID: 37593579 PMCID: PMC10429771 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00137g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective prodrug activation at a tumor site is crucial to maximise the efficiency of chemotherapy approaches and minimise side effects due to off-site activation. In this paper, a new prodrug activation strategy is reported based on the bioorthogonal Staudinger reaction. The feasibility of this prodrug activation strategy was initially demonstrated using 9-azido sialic acid 4 as a trigger and two novel triphenylphosphine-modified N-mustard-PRO 10 and doxorubicin-PRO 12 prodrugs in an HPLC-monitored release study. Then, the azide reporter group was introduced on cancer cells' surfaces through metabolic glycoengineering of sialic acid-rich surface glycans using azide-modified monosaccharides (9-azido sialic acid 4, tetra-O-acetylated-9-azido sialic acid 5 and tetra-O-acetyl azidomannosamine). Next, the N-mustard-PRO 10 and doxorubicin-PRO 12 prodrugs were employed in vitro with the bioengineered cells, and activation of the prodrugs, which allowed selective release of the cytotoxic moiety at the tumour cell, was assessed. Release of the parent drugs from the prodrugs was shown to be dependent on the level of metabolic labelling, where tetra-O-acetyl azidomannosamine allowed the highest level of azide reporter generation in tumor cells and led to full recovery of the parent cytotoxic drug's potency. The selectivity of azide expression on breast cancer MCF-7 cells versus normal fibroblast L929 cells was also probed, with the 9-azido sialic acid and tetra-O-acetylated-9-azido sialic acid showing ∼17-fold higher azide expression on the former. Taken together, these data demonstrate the feasibility of the Staudinger reaction for selective activation of prodrugs targeted to the MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madonna M A Mitry
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Samuel Y Boateng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6ES UK
| | - Francesca Greco
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
| | - Helen M I Osborn
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
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21
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Valizadeh H, Mahdinloo S, Zakeri N, Sarfraz M, Nezafat S, Zakeri-Milani P. Investigating the Effect of Basic Amino Acids and Glucosamine on the Solubility of Ibuprofen and Piroxicam. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:532-538. [PMID: 37646059 PMCID: PMC10460801 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Poor aqueous solubility hampers the development of several compounds as pharmacological agents. Hence, preparing novel formulations with augmented absorption is a challenge in pharmaceutical industries. In this paper, we have examined the effect of basic amino acids including arginine (ARG), lysine (LYS), and glucosamine (GlucN) on the solubility of ibuprofen (IBU) and piroxicam (PXM) as drugs with limited solubility. We have also studied the effect of the dissolution media with the pH values 1.2 to 7.4. Methods The saturation shake-flask method was used for solubility studies in the presence of amino acids. Briefly, buffer solutions containing different concentrations of amino acids were prepared. Then, an excess amount of each drug with these buffers was shaken to reach equilibrium. After 48 hours, the upper phase was separated, and solubility was calculated by reading their UV-Vis absorbance. Results The results illustrated that amino acids increased solubility of both drugs with different ratios, which were pH and concentration-dependent. Solubility improved as the amount of amino acids went up, and this upward pattern was more robust with ARG than LYS. The presence of GlucN in citrate buffer significantly enhanced IBU solubility. The solubility of PXM in accompany of GlucN in water did not change significantly while in citrate buffer solubility enhanced specially at pH 6. Conclusion Overall, GlucN in citrate buffer and ARG in phosphate buffer could be introduced as the most suitable media for IBU and PXM solubility improvement, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mahdinloo
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Zakeri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Nezafat
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Hobson AD, Xu J, Marvin CC, McPherson MJ, Hollmann M, Gattner M, Dzeyk K, Fettis MM, Bischoff AK, Wang L, Fitzgibbons J, Wang L, Salomon P, Hernandez A, Jia Y, Sarvaiya H, Goess CA, Mathieu SL, Santora LC. Optimization of Drug-Linker to Enable Long-term Storage of Antibody-Drug Conjugate for Subcutaneous Dosing. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37379257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
To facilitate subcutaneous dosing, biotherapeutics need to exhibit properties that enable high-concentration formulation and long-term stability in the formulation buffer. For antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), the introduction of drug-linkers can lead to increased hydrophobicity and higher levels of aggregation, which are both detrimental to the properties required for subcutaneous dosing. Herein we show how the physicochemical properties of ADCs could be controlled through the drug-linker chemistry in combination with prodrug chemistry of the payload, and how optimization of these combinations could afford ADCs with significantly improved solution stability. Key to achieving this optimization is the use of an accelerated stress test performed in a minimal formulation buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian D Hobson
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Jianwen Xu
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Christopher C Marvin
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Michael J McPherson
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Markus Hollmann
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Gattner
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Kristina Dzeyk
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Margaret M Fettis
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Agnieszka K Bischoff
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Julia Fitzgibbons
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Paulin Salomon
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Axel Hernandez
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Ying Jia
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Hetal Sarvaiya
- AbbVie Inc., 1000 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christian A Goess
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Suzanne L Mathieu
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Ling C Santora
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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23
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Cao Y, Si J, Zheng M, Zhou Q, Ge Z. X-ray-responsive prodrugs and polymeric nanocarriers for multimodal cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37318285 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01398g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy as one of the most important cancer treatment modalities has been widely used in the therapy of various cancers. The clinically used radiation (e.g. X-ray) for radiotherapy has the advantages of precise spatiotemporal controllability and deep tissue penetration. However, traditional radiotherapy is frequently limited by the high side effects and tumor hypoxia. The combination of radiotherapy and other cancer treatment modalities may overcome the disadvantages of radiotherapy and improve the final therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, X-ray-activable prodrugs and polymeric nanocarriers have been extensively explored to introduce other treatment modalities in the precise position during radiotherapy, which can reduce the side toxicity of the drugs and improve the combination therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we focus on recent advances in X-ray-activable prodrugs and polymeric nanocarriers to boost X-ray-based multimodal synergistic therapy with reduced toxicity. The design strategies of prodrugs and polymeric nanocarriers are highlighted. Finally, challenges and outlooks of X-ray-activable prodrugs and polymeric nanocarriers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Cao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jiale Si
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Moujiang Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qinghao Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhishen Ge
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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24
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Tyagi K, Kumari R, Venkatesh V. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activatable small molecule-based prodrugs for cancer theranostics. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4455-4464. [PMID: 37191120 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Highly water-soluble small molecule-based prodrugs (5-FUPD and SAHAPD) are formulated. They comprise a phosphate group to lock the active drug payload (5-fluorouracil and SAHA) along with a turn-on fluorophore consisting of a glutathione (GSH) depletory feature. Installation of the phosphate group along with purification of final product has been accomplished in an operationally facile manner. Activation of the prodrugs is facilitated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-mediated hydrolysis of the phosphate group followed by 1,8-elimination. The prodrugs were found to be highly effective against ALP flared human cervical cancer (HeLa) and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines. Most notably, they were found to be innocuous to normal liver cells (WRL-68).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikay Tyagi
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-247667, India.
| | - Reena Kumari
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-247667, India.
| | - V Venkatesh
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-247667, India.
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25
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Mohamed EM, Dharani S, Nutan MTH, Cook P, Arunagiri R, Khan MA, Rahman Z. Application of Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate in Development of Co-Amorphous Formulations of Tacrolimus for Bioavailability Enhancement. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051442. [PMID: 37242683 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present work was to develop co-amorphous dispersion (CAD) formulations of tacrolimus (TAC) using sucrose acetate isobutyrate as a carrier, evaluate by in vitro and in vivo methods and compare its performance with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) based amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulation. CAD and ASD formulations were prepared by solvent evaporation method followed by characterization by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dissolution, stability, and pharmacokinetics. XRPD and DSC indicated amorphous phase transformation of the drug in the CAD and ASD formulations, and dissolved more than 85% of the drug in 90 min. No drug crystallization was observed in the thermogram and diffractogram of the formulations after storage at 25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH. No significant change in the dissolution profile was observed after and before storage. SAIB-based CAD and HPMC-based ASD formulations were bioequivalent as they met 90% confidence of 90-11.1% for Cmax and AUC. The CAD and ASD formulations exhibited Cmax and AUC 1.7-1.8 and 1.5-1.8 folds of tablet formulations containing the drug's crystalline phase. In conclusion, the stability, dissolution, and pharmacokinetic performance of SAIB-based CAD and HPMC-based ASD formulations were similar, and thus clinical performance would be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Mohamed
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Sathish Dharani
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad T H Nutan
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Phillip Cook
- Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN 37662, USA
| | | | - Mansoor A Khan
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ziyaur Rahman
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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26
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Kumari L, Choudhari Y, Patel P, Gupta GD, Singh D, Rosenholm JM, Bansal KK, Kurmi BD. Advancement in Solubilization Approaches: A Step towards Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051099. [PMID: 37240744 DOI: 10.3390/life13051099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A drug's aqueous solubility is defined as the ability to dissolve in a particular solvent, and it is currently a major hurdle in bringing new drug molecules to the market. According to some estimates, up to 40% of commercialized products and 70-90% of drug candidates in the development stage are poorly soluble, which results in low bioavailability, diminished therapeutic effects, and dosage escalation. Because of this, solubility must be taken into consideration when developing and fabricating pharmaceutical products. To date, a number of approaches have been investigated to address the problem of poor solubility. This review article attempts to summarize several conventional methods utilized to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. These methods include the principles of physical and chemical approaches such as particle size reduction, solid dispersion, supercritical fluid technology, cryogenic technology, inclusion complex formation techniques, and floating granules. It includes structural modification (i.e., prodrug, salt formation, co-crystallization, use of co-solvents, hydrotrophy, polymorphs, amorphous solid dispersions, and pH variation). Various nanotechnological approaches such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, metal organic frameworks, nanogels, nanoemulsions, nanosuspension, carbon nanotubes, and so forth have also been widely investigated for solubility enhancement. All these approaches have brought forward the enhancement of the bioavailability of orally administered drugs by improving the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, the solubility issues have not been completely resolved, owing to several challenges associated with current approaches, such as reproducibility in large scale production. Considering that there is no universal approach for solving solubility issues, more research is needed to simplify the existing technologies, which could increase the number of commercially available products employing these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Yash Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kuldeep Kumar Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
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27
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Xiao T, Liu K, Gao Q, Chen M, Kim YS, Jin S, Ding Y, Huigens RW. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Carbonate-Linked Halogenated Phenazine-Quinone Prodrugs with Improved Water-Solubility and Potent Antibacterial Profiles. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:899-915. [PMID: 36867688 PMCID: PMC10551733 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria have devastating impacts on human health as a result of acquired antibiotic resistance and innate tolerance. Every class of our current antibiotic arsenal was initially discovered as growth-inhibiting agents that target actively replicating (individual, free-floating) planktonic bacteria. Bacteria are notorious for utilizing a diversity of resistance mechanisms to overcome the action of conventional antibiotic therapies and forming surface-attached biofilm communities enriched in (non-replicating) persister cells. To address problems associated with pathogenic bacteria, our group is developing halogenated phenazine (HP) molecules that demonstrate potent antibacterial and biofilm-eradicating activities through a unique iron starvation mode of action. In this study, we designed, synthesized, and investigated a focused collection of carbonate-linked HP prodrugs bearing a quinone trigger to target the reductive cytoplasm of bacteria for bioactivation and subsequent HP release. The quinone moiety also contains a polyethylene glycol group, which dramatically enhances the water-solubility properties of the HP-quinone prodrugs reported herein. We found carbonate-linked HP-quinone prodrugs 11, 21-23 to demonstrate good linker stability, rapid release of the active HP warhead following dithiothreitol (reductive) treatment, and potent antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecalis. In addition, HP-quinone prodrug 21 induced rapid iron starvation in MRSA and S. epidermidis biofilms, illustrating prodrug action within these surface-attached communities. Overall, we are highly encouraged by these findings and believe that HP prodrugs have the potential to address antibiotic resistant and tolerant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Qiwen Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Young S Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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28
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Rohira H, Arora A, Kaur P, Chugh A. Peptide cargo administration: current state and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3153-3181. [PMID: 37052636 PMCID: PMC10099029 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12512-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of drug molecules to the target site is a challenging task. In the last decade, several innovations in the drug delivery system (DDS) have tremendously improved the therapeutic efficacy of drug molecules. Among various DDS, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) based DDS have gathered notable attention owing to their safety, efficacy, selectivity, specificity, and ease of synthesis. CPPs are emerging as an efficient and effective pharmaceutical nanocarriers-based platforms for successful management of various important human health disorders. Failure of several current chemotherapeutic strategies is attributed to low solubility, reduced bioavailability, and off-target delivery of several anti-cancer drugs. Similarly, development of therapeutics for vision-threatening disorders is challenged by the anatomical as well as physiological complexity of the eye. Such therapeutic challenges in cancer and ocular disease management can be overcome by developing cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) based peptide drug conjugates (PDCs). CPPs can be used to deliver various types of cargo molecules including nucleic acids, small molecules, and peptides/proteinaceous agents. In this review, we have briefly introduced CPPs and the linker strategies employed for the development of PDCs. Furthermore, recent studies employing CPP-based PDCs for cancer and ocular disease management have been discussed in detail highlighting their significance over conventional DDS. Later sections of the review are focused on the current status of clinical trials and future implications of CPP-based PDCs in vaccine development. KEY POINTS: • Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can deliver a variety of cargo macromolecules via covalent and non-covalent conjugation. • CPP-based peptide drug conjugates (PDCs) can overcome drawbacks of conventional drug delivery methods such as biocompatibility, solubility, stability, and specificity. • Various PDCs are in clinical trial phase for cancer and ocular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Rohira
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Genohelex Care Pvt. Ltd, ASPIRE BioNEST, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Aditi Arora
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Prasanjeet Kaur
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Archana Chugh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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29
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Cheng Y, Zhong C, Yan S, Chen C, Gao X. Structure modification: a successful tool for prodrug design. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:379-393. [PMID: 36946236 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodrug strategy is critical for innovative drug development. Structural modification is the most straightforward and effective method to develop prodrugs. Improving drug defects and optimizing the physical and chemical properties of a drug, such as lipophilicity and water solubility, changing the way of administration can be achieved through specific structural modification. Designing prodrugs by linking microenvironment-responsive groups to the prototype drugs is of great help in enhancing drug targeting. In the meantime, making connections between prodrugs and suitable drug delivery systems could realize drug loading increases, greater stability, bioavailability and drug release control. In this paper, lipidic, water-soluble, pH-responsive, redox-sensitive and enzyme-activatable prodrugs are reviewed on the basis of structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexuan Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Chunhong Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Shujing Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
- Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang & Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
- Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang & Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
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Komisarek D, Taskiran E, Vasylyeva V. Maleic Acid as a Co-Former for Pharmaceutically Active GABA Derivatives: Mechanochemistry or Solvent Crystallization? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2242. [PMID: 36984121 PMCID: PMC10054091 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we compare the mechanochemical and classical solvent crystallization methods for forming maleates of GABA and its pharmaceutically active derivatives: Pregabalin, Gabapentin, Phenibut, and Baclofen. Common characterization techniques, like powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR-spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, are used for the evaluation of structural and physicochemical properties. Our work shows that maleate formation is possible with all investigated target compounds. Large increases in solubility can be achieved, especially for Pregabalin, where up to twentyfold higher solubility in its maleate compared to the pure form can be reached. We furthermore compare the mechanochemical and solvent crystallization regarding quickness, reliability of phase production, and overall product quality. A synthetic route is shown to have an impact on certain properties such as melting point or solubility of the same obtained products, e.g., for Gabapentin and Pregabalin, or lead to the formation of hydrates vs. anhydrous forms. For the GABA and Baclofen maleates, the method of crystallization is not important, and similarly, good results can be obtained by either route. In contrast, Phenibut maleate cannot be obtained pure and single-phase by either method. Our work aims to elucidate promising candidates for the multicomponent crystal formation of blockbuster GABA pharmaceuticals and highlight the usefulness of mechanochemical production routes.
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Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Prodrugs Activated by Phosphorylation and Their Role in the Aged Population. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052332. [PMID: 36903575 PMCID: PMC10004871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has flared across every part of the globe and affected populations from different age groups differently. People aged from 40 to 80 years or older are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop therapeutics to decrease the risk of the disease in the aged population. Over the last few years, several prodrugs have demonstrated significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in in vitro assays, animal models, and medical practice. Prodrugs are used to enhance drug delivery by improving pharmacokinetic parameters, decreasing toxicity, and attaining site specificity. This article discusses recently explored prodrugs such as remdesivir, molnupiravir, favipiravir, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and their implications in the aged population, as well as investigating recent clinical trials.
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Akram W, Tagde P, Ahmed S, Arora S, Emran TB, Babalghith AO, Sweilam SH, Simal-Gandara J. Guaiazulene and related compounds: A review of current perspective on biomedical applications. Life Sci 2023; 316:121389. [PMID: 36646376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thousands of people worldwide pass away yearly due to neurological disorders, cardiovascular illnesses, cancer, metabolic disorders, and microbial infections. Additionally, a sizable population has also been impacted by hepatotoxicity, ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and breast fissure. These ailments are likewise steadily increasing along with the increase in life expectancy. Finding innovative therapies to cure and consequently lessen the impact of these ailments is, therefore, a global concern. METHODS AND MATERIALS All provided literature on Guaiazulene (GA) and its related compounds were searched using various electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, Springer, ACS, CNKI, and books via the keywords Guaiazulene, Matricaria chamomilla, GA-related compounds, and Guaiazulene analogous. RESULTS The FDA has approved the bicyclic sesquiterpene GA, commonly referred to as azulon or 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene, as a component in cosmetic colorants. The pleiotropic health advantages of GA and related substances, especially their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, attracted a lot of research. Numerous studies have found that GA can help to manage various conditions, including bacterial infections, tumors, immunomodulation, expectorants, diuretics, diaphoresis, ulcers, dermatitis, proliferation, and gastritis. These conditions all involve lipid peroxidation and inflammatory response. In this review, we have covered the biomedical applications of GA. Moreover, we also emphasize the therapeutic potential of guaiazulene derivatives in pre-clinical and clinical settings, along with their underlying mechanism(s). CONCLUSION GA and its related compounds exhibit therapeutic potential in several diseases. Still, it is necessary to investigate their potential in animal models for various other ailments and establish their safety profile. They might be a good candidate to advance to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Priti Tagde
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Campus, Sector 125, Noida 201313, UP, India; PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India.
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Swamita Arora
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Campus, Sector 125, Noida 201313, UP, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmad O Babalghith
- Medical Genetics Department, College of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherouk Hussein Sweilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Molnupiravir: A Versatile Prodrug against SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020309. [PMID: 36837928 PMCID: PMC9962121 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleoside analog β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine is the active metabolite of the prodrug molnupiravir and is accepted as an efficient drug against COVID-19. Molnupiravir targets the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme, which is responsible for replicating the viral genome during the replication process of certain types of viruses. It works by disrupting the normal function of the RdRp enzyme, causing it to make mistakes during the replication of the viral genome. These mistakes can prevent the viral RNA from being transcribed, converted into a complementary DNA template, translated, or converted into a functional protein. By disrupting these crucial steps in the viral replication process, molnupiravir can effectively inhibit the replication of the virus and reduce its ability to cause disease. This review article sheds light on the impact of molnupiravir and its metabolite on SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, such as delta, omicron, and hybrid/recombinant variants. The detailed mechanism and molecular interactions using molecular docking and dynamics have also been covered. The safety and tolerability of molnupiravir in patients with comorbidities have also been emphasized.
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Advances in Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Challenges and Opportunities. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020484. [PMID: 36839807 PMCID: PMC9960885 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral route is the most preferred route for systemic and local drug delivery. However, the oral drug delivery system faces the harsh physiological and physicochemical environment of the gastrointestinal tract, which limits the bioavailability and targeted design of oral drug delivery system. Innovative pharmaceutical approaches including nanoparticulate formulations, biomimetic drug formulations, and microfabricated devices have been explored to optimize drug targeting and bioavailability. In this review, the anatomical factors, biochemical factors, and physiology factors that influence delivering drug via oral route are discussed and recent advance in conventional and novel oral drug delivery approaches for improving drug bioavailability and targeting ability are highlighted. We also address the challenges and opportunities of oral drug delivery systems in future.
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Yan D, Yan B. Metabolism Pathways of Major Therapeutics for Treating Monkeypox Mono- and Co-infection with Human Immunodeficient Virus or SARS-CoV-2. Curr Drug Metab 2023; 24:240-249. [PMID: 37287302 PMCID: PMC11089469 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666230607124102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease and remains endemic in tropical regions of Central and West Africa. Since May of 2022, cases of monkeypox have soared and spread worldwide. Confirmed cases have shown no travel history to the endemic regions as seen in the past. The World Health Organization declared monkeypox a global public health emergency in July 2022, and the United States government followed suit one month later. The current outbreak, in contrast to traditional epidemics, has high coinfection rates, particularly with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), and to a lesser extent with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the pathogen of COVID-19. No drugs have been approved specifically for monkeypox. However, there are therapeutic agents authorized to treat monkeypox under the Investigational New Drug protocol, including brincidofovir, cidofovir, and tecovirimat. In contrast to limited options for monkeypox treatment, there are available drugs specifically for HIV or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, these HIV and COVID-19 medicines share metabolism pathways with those authorized to treat monkeypox, particularly of hydrolysis, phosphorylation, and active membrane transport. This review discusses how these pathways shared by these medicines should be considered to gain therapeutic synergy and maximize safety for treating monkeypox coinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street Boston, MA, 02118, United States
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, United States
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Yang BW, Yang S, Kim S, Baek AR, Sung B, Kim YH, Lee JT, Lee SY, Kim HK, Choi G, Park JA, Nam SW, Lee GH, Chang Y. Flavonoid-Conjugated Gadolinium Complexes as Anti-Inflammatory Theranostic Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122470. [PMID: 36552678 PMCID: PMC9774776 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated gadolinium compounds conjugated with flavonoids as potential theranostic agents for the treatment of inflammation. These novel theranostic agents combine a molecular imaging agent and one of three flavonoids (galangin, chrysin, and 7-hydroxyflavone) as anti-inflammatory drugs as a single integrated platform. Using these agents, MR imaging showed contrast enhancement (>10 in CNR) at inflamed sites in an animal inflammation model, and subsequent MR imaging used to monitor the therapeutic efficacy of these integrated agents revealed changes in inflamed regions. The anti-inflammatory effects of these agents were demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the antioxidant efficacy of the agents was evaluated by measuring their reactive oxygen species scavenging properties. For example, Gd-galangin at 30 μM showed a three-fold higher ROS scavenging of DPPH. Taken together, our findings provide convincing evidence to indicate that flavonoid-conjugated gadolinium compounds can be used as potentially efficient theranostic agents for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Woo Yang
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon Yang
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Rum Baek
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Sung
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoun-Hee Kim
- R&D Center, Etnova Therapeutics Corp., 124, Sagimakgol-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13207, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Lee
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 88 Dongnae-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Choi
- R&D Center, Etnova Therapeutics Corp., 124, Sagimakgol-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13207, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Nam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-5471
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Du M, Yin J. Dual-Drug Nanosystem: Etoposide Prodrug and Cisplatin Coloaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Lung Cancer Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:4139-4149. [PMID: 36506793 PMCID: PMC9733446 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s386100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cisplatin (CDDP) and etoposide (Etp) are recommended first-line therapy for lung cancer. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are engineered to deliver drugs for lung cancer treatment. In the present study, NLCs were applied to coload an Etp prodrug (EtpP) and CDDP. Methods The Etp prodrug was synthesized by linking the phenolic hydroxyl group of Etp with polyethylene glycol (PEG). EtpP and CDDP coencapsulated NLCs (EtpP-CDDP NLCs) were prepared using film ultrasound. Cytotoxicity of drugs and drug-containing NLCs was assessed by evaluating cell viability using MTT assays. In vivo antitumor efficiency of EtpP-CDDP NLCs was evaluated on lung cancer-bearing xenografts. Results EtpP-CDDP NLCs showed a uniformly spherical morphology with a size of 176.8±4.9 nm and -potential of -31.9±3.2 mV. Cellular uptake efficiency of EtpP-CDDP NLCs was 57.4%±3.9% on A549/DDP cells. EtpP-CDDP NLCs exhibited more sustained plasma retention, the highest drug distribution in tumors, and the highest tumor-inhibition rates in lung tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion EtpP-CDDP NLCs improved tumor-cell uptake, cytotoxicity, and tumor-inhibition efficiency, and could be used as a promising drug-delivery system for lung cancer combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Dashan Medical Beauty Clinic, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214001, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Jianbo Yin, Email
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Lai J, Wang M, Hu W, Yue H, Yu E, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xia L, Ling X, Wang H, Li F, Li Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 20(S)-substituted FL118 conjugates as novel antitumor agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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The key new techniques in the medicinal chemist's toolkit to prioritize solubility during drug design. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1421-1424. [PMID: 36165807 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kang D, Pan X, Song Y, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhu X, Wang J, Hu L. Discovery of a novel water-soluble, rapid-release triptolide prodrug with improved drug-like properties and high efficacy in human acute myeloid leukemia. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114694. [PMID: 36115206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of water-soluble triptolide prodrugs were synthesized, and their triptolide release rate, pharmacokinetic characteristics and anti-tumor effect were measured. We found that inserting glycolic acid as a linker between triptolide and the cyclic amino acid accelerated the release of triptolide from prodrugs into the plasma while preserving its safety. Among them, prodrug TP-P1 was significantly better than Minnelide (the only water-soluble triptolide prodrug in clinical trials) in terms of release rate in plasma and synthetic yield. In mouse models of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), TP-P1 was effective in reducing xenograft tumors at dose levels as low as 25 μg/kg, and eliminating tumors at dose 100 μg/kg. Furthermore, TP-P1 could significantly enhance the efficacy of FLT3 inhibitors in the treatment of AML. These experimental results showed the potential of TP-P1 as water-soluble prodrugs of triptolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xiang Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yi Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xuejun Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Fast-Fed Variability: Insights into Drug Delivery, Molecular Manifestations, and Regulatory Aspects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091807. [PMID: 36145555 PMCID: PMC9505616 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among various drug administration routes, oral drug delivery is preferred and is considered patient-friendly; hence, most of the marketed drugs are available as conventional tablets or capsules. In such cases, the administration of drugs with or without food has tremendous importance on the bioavailability of the drugs. The presence of food may increase (positive effect) or decrease (negative effect) the bioavailability of the drug. Such a positive or negative effect is undesirable since it makes dosage estimation difficult in several diseases. This may lead to an increased propensity for adverse effects of drugs when a positive food effect is perceived. However, a negative food effect may lead to therapeutic insufficiency for patients suffering from life-threatening disorders. This review emphasizes the causes of food effects, formulation strategies to overcome the fast-fed variability, and the regulatory aspects of drugs with food effects, which may open new avenues for researchers to design products that may help to eliminate fast-fed variability.
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Fets L, Bevan N, Nunes PM, Campos S, Dos Santos MS, Sherriff E, MacRae JI, House D, Anastasiou D. MOG analogues to explore the MCT2 pharmacophore, α-ketoglutarate biology and cellular effects of N-oxalylglycine. Commun Biol 2022; 5:877. [PMID: 36028752 PMCID: PMC9418262 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
α-ketoglutarate (αKG) is a central metabolic node with a broad influence on cellular physiology. The αKG analogue N-oxalylglycine (NOG) and its membrane-permeable pro-drug derivative dimethyl-oxalylglycine (DMOG) have been extensively used as tools to study prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and other αKG-dependent processes. In cell culture media, DMOG is rapidly converted to MOG, which enters cells through monocarboxylate transporter MCT2, leading to intracellular NOG concentrations that are sufficiently high to inhibit glutaminolysis enzymes and cause cytotoxicity. Therefore, the degree of (D)MOG instability together with MCT2 expression levels determine the intracellular targets NOG engages with and, ultimately, its effects on cell viability. Here we designed and characterised a series of MOG analogues with the aims of improving compound stability and exploring the functional requirements for interaction with MCT2, a relatively understudied member of the SLC16 family. We report MOG analogues that maintain ability to enter cells via MCT2, and identify compounds that do not inhibit glutaminolysis or cause cytotoxicity but can still inhibit PHDs. We use these analogues to show that, under our experimental conditions, glutaminolysis-induced activation of mTORC1 can be uncoupled from PHD activity. Therefore, these new compounds can help deconvolute cellular effects that result from the polypharmacological action of NOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fets
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Drug Transport and Tumour Metabolism Lab, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
| | - Natalie Bevan
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Patrícia M Nunes
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - James I MacRae
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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Ioele G, Chieffallo M, Occhiuzzi MA, De Luca M, Garofalo A, Ragno G, Grande F. Anticancer Drugs: Recent Strategies to Improve Stability Profile, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175436. [PMID: 36080203 PMCID: PMC9457551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In past decades, anticancer research has led to remarkable results despite many of the approved drugs still being characterized by high systemic toxicity mainly due to the lack of tumor selectivity and present pharmacokinetic drawbacks, including low water solubility, that negatively affect the drug circulation time and bioavailability. The stability studies, performed in mild conditions during their development or under stressing exposure to high temperature, hydrolytic medium or light source, have demonstrated the sensitivity of anticancer drugs to many parameters. For this reason, the formation of degradation products is assessed both in pharmaceutical formulations and in the environment as hospital waste. To date, numerous formulations have been developed for achieving tissue-specific drug targeting and reducing toxic side effects, as well as for improving drug stability. The development of prodrugs represents a promising strategy in targeted cancer therapy for improving the selectivity, efficacy and stability of active compounds. Recent studies show that the incorporation of anticancer drugs into vesicular systems, such as polymeric micelles or cyclodextrins, or the use of nanocarriers containing chemotherapeutics that conjugate to monoclonal antibodies can improve solubility, pharmacokinetics, cellular absorption and stability. In this study, we summarize the latest advances in knowledge regarding the development of effective highly stable anticancer drugs formulated as stable prodrugs or entrapped in nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fedora Grande
- Correspondence: (G.I.); (F.G.); Tel.: +39-0984-493268 (G.I.)
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Nanoscale self-assembling prodrugs of sulfapyridine for treatment of arthritis: Harnessing the dual approach. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Srisongkram T, Bahrami K, Järvinen J, Timonen J, Rautio J, Weerapreeyakul N. Development of Sesamol Carbamate-L-Phenylalanine Prodrug Targeting L-Type Amino Acid Transporter1 (LAT1) as a Potential Antiproliferative Agent against Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158446. [PMID: 35955600 PMCID: PMC9369069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamol is a compound reported to have anti-melanogenesis and anti-melanoma actions. Sesamol, however, has low intracellular drug concentration and fast excretion, which can limit its benefits in the clinic. To overcome this drawback and increase intracellular delivery of sesamol into the target melanoma, research has focused on L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)-mediated prodrug delivery into melanoma cells. The sesamol prodrug was designed by conjugating sesamol with L-phenylalanine at the para position with a carbamate bond. LAT1 targeting was evaluated vis-à-vis a competitive [14C]-leucine uptake inhibition. The sesamol prodrug has a higher [14C]-leucine uptake inhibition than sesamol in human LAT1-transfected HEK293 cells. Moreover, the sesamol prodrug was taken up by LAT1-mediated transport into SK-MEL-2 cells more effectively than sesamol. The sesamol prodrug underwent complete hydrolysis, releasing the active sesamol at 72 h, which significantly exerted its cytotoxicity (IC50 of 29.3 µM) against SK-MEL-cells more than sesamol alone. Taken together, the strategy for LAT1-mediated prodrug delivery has utility for the selective uptake of sesamol, thereby increasing its intracellular concentration and antiproliferation activity, targeting melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells that overexpress the LAT1 protein. The sesamol prodrug thus warrants further evaluation in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarapong Srisongkram
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Katayun Bahrami
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (K.B.); (J.J.); (J.T.)
| | - Juulia Järvinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (K.B.); (J.J.); (J.T.)
| | - Juri Timonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (K.B.); (J.J.); (J.T.)
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (K.B.); (J.J.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (N.W.)
| | - Natthida Weerapreeyakul
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (N.W.)
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Negrya SD, Jasko MV, Makarov DA, Karpenko IL, Solyev PN, Chekhov VO, Efremenkova OV, Vasilieva BF, Efimenko TA, Kochetkov SN, Alexandrova LA. Oligoglycol carbonate prodrugs of 5-modified 2'-deoxyuridines: synthesis and antibacterial activity. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Deng C, Liu J, Zhang W. Structural Modification in Anesthetic Drug Development for Prodrugs and Soft Drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:923353. [PMID: 35847008 PMCID: PMC9283706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the advancements in drug structural modifications, the increased focus on drug metabolic and pharmacokinetic properties in the anesthetic drug design process has led to significant developments. Drug metabolism also plays a key role in optimizing the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of drug molecules. Thus, in the field of anesthesiology, the applications of pharmacokinetic strategies are discussed in the context of sedatives, analgesics, and muscle relaxants. In this review, we summarize two approaches for structural optimization to develop anesthetic drugs, by designing prodrugs and soft drugs. Drugs that both failed and succeeded during the developmental stage are highlighted to illustrate how drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic optimization strategies may help improve their physical and chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wensheng Zhang,
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Alexandrova LA, Khandazhinskaya AL, Matyugina ES, Makarov DA, Kochetkov SN. Analogues of Pyrimidine Nucleosides as Mycobacteria Growth Inhibitors. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071299. [PMID: 35889017 PMCID: PMC9322969 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the oldest human infection disease. Mortality from TB significantly decreased in the 20th century, because of vaccination and the widespread use of antibiotics. However, about a third of the world’s population is currently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the death rate from TB is about 1.4–2 million people per year. In the second half of the 20th century, new extensively multidrug-resistant strains of Mtb were identified, which are steadily increasing among TB patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-TB drugs, which remains one of the priorities of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry. The antimycobacterial activity of nucleoside derivatives and analogues was revealed not so long ago, and a lot of studies on their antibacterial properties have been published. Despite the fact that there are no clinically used drugs based on nucleoside analogues, some progress has been made in this area. This review summarizes current research in the field of the design and study of inhibitors of mycobacteria, primarily Mtb.
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A one-pot synthesis and X-Ray structural characterization of new highly substituted-allyl carbamates. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and protective effects of a novel water-soluble tetrahydrocurcumin-diglutaric acid prodrug on ethanol-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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