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Lu X, Qiu S, Li Z, Ge S. Pathways, challenges, and strategies for enhancing anaerobic production of short-chain and medium-chain carboxylic acids from algal slurry derived from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 413:131528. [PMID: 39321935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Algal slurry (AS) generated from microalgae-based wastewater treatment processes holds significant potential for carboxylic acids production through anaerobic digestion (AD), which have emerged as promising products due to their high energy density, great economic value, and versatile applications. A comprehensive analysis of the pathways and optimization strategies for producing short-chain (SCCAs) and medium-chain (MCCAs) carboxylic acids using AS substrates is presented in this review. It begins by introducing and comparing two types of microalgae-based wastewater treatment processes: the microalgae process and the microalgal-bacterial consortia process. Afterwards, the review systematically examines the metabolic pathways involved in SCCAs and MCCAs production using AS substrates. Moreover, pretreatment strategies for enhancing the release of organic matter are critically discussed. Ultimately, specific emphasis is placed on addressing technical challenges and discussing future perspectives. This review provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and strategies involved in carboxylic acids production from wastewater-generated AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zimu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Hafez RM, Tawfik A, Hassan GK, Zahran MK, Younes AA, Ziembińska-Buczyńska A, Gamoń F, Nasr M. Synergism of floated paperboard sludge cake /sewage sludge for maximizing biomethane yield and biochar recovery from digestate: A step towards circular economy. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142639. [PMID: 38909865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of floated paperboard sludge (PS) cake suffers from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation, nutrient unbalanced condition, and generation of digestate with a risk of secondary pollution. To overcome these drawbacks, sewage sludge (SS) was added to PS cake for biogas recovery improvement under a co-digestion process followed by the thermal treatment of solid fraction of digestate for biochar production. Batch experimental assays were conducted at different SS:PS mixing ratios of 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 20:80 (w/w), and their anaerobic co-digestion performances were compared to the mono-digestion systems at 35 ± 0.2 °C for 45 days. The highest methane yield (MY) of 241.68 ± 14.81 mL/g CODremoved was obtained at the optimum SS:PS ratio of 50:50 (w/w). This experimental condition was accompanied by protein, carbohydrate, and VFA conversion efficiencies of 47.3 ± 3.2%, 46.8 ± 3.2%, and 56.3 ± 3.8%, respectively. The synergistic effect of SS and PS cake encouraged the dominance of Bacteroidota (23.19%), Proteobacteria (49.65%), Patescibacteria (8.12%), and Acidovorax (12.60%) responsible for hydrolyzing the complex organic compounds and converting the VFAs into biomethane. Further, the solid fraction of digestate was subjected to thermal treatment at a temperature of 500 °C for 2.0 h, under an oxygen-limited condition. The obtained biochar had a yield of 0.48 g/g dry digestate, and its oxygen-to-carbon (O/C), carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N), and carbon-to-phosphorous (C/P) ratios were 0.55, 10.23, and 16.42, respectively. A combined anaerobic co-digestion/pyrolysis system (capacity 50 m3/d) was designed based on the COD mass balance experimental data and biogenic CO2 market price of 22 USD/ton. This project could earn profits from biogas (12,565 USD/yr), biochar (6641 USD/yr), carbon credit (8014 USD/yr), and COD shadow price (6932 USD/yr). The proposed project could maintain a payback period of 6.60 yr. However, further studies are required to determine the associated life cycle cost model that is useful to validate the batch experiment assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Hafez
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Gamal K Hassan
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Magdy Kandil Zahran
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Younes
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | | | - Filip Gamoń
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 11/12 Narutowicza St, Gdansk, 80-233, Poland
| | - Mahmoud Nasr
- Sanitary Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt
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Santurbano V, Marangon B, Castro J, Calijuri ML, Leme M, Assemany P. Enhancing environmental performance in biogas production from wastewater-grown microalgae: A life cycle assessment perspective. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 362:121251. [PMID: 38823295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The production of biogas from microalgae has gained attention due to their rapid growth, CO2 sequestration, and minimal land use. This study uses life cycle assessment to assess the environmental impacts of biogas production from wastewater-grown microalgae through anaerobic digestion within an optimized microalgae-based system. Using SimaPro® 9 software, 3 scenarios were modeled considering the ReCiPe v1.13 midpoint and endpoint methods for environmental impact assessment in different categories. In the baseline scenario (S1), a hypothetical system for biogas production was considered, consisting of a high rate algal pond (HRAP), a settling, an anaerobic digester, and a biogas upgrading unit. The second scenario (S2) included strategies to enhance biogas yield, namely co-digestion and thermal pre-treatment. The third scenario (S3), besides considering the strategies of S2, proposed the biogas upgrading in the HRAP and the digestate recovery as a biofertilizer. After normalization, human carcinogenic toxicity was the most positively affected category due to water use in the cultivation step, accounted as avoided product. However, this category was also the most negatively affected by the impacts of the digester heating energy. Anaerobic digestion was the most impactful step, constituting on average 60.37% of total impacts. Scenario S3 performed better environmentally, primarily due to the integration of biogas upgrading within the cultivation reactor and digestate use as a biofertilizer. Sensitivity analysis highlighted methane yield's importance, showing potential for an 11.28% reduction in ionizing radiation impacts with a 10% increase. Comparing S3 biogas with natural gas, the resource scarcity impact was reduced sixfold, but the human health impact was 23 times higher in S3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Santurbano
- Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA), Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Universitário, 37203-202, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Marangon
- Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa/UFV), Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Jackeline Castro
- Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa/UFV), Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa/UFV), Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcio Leme
- Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA), Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Universitário, 37203-202, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Assemany
- Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA), Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Universitário, 37203-202, Lavras, MG, Brazil
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da Silva EM, de Araújo SC, Veras STS, Pinheiro AAD, Motteran F, Kato MT, Florencio L, Leite WRM. Anaerobic co-digestion of microalgal biomass, sugarcane vinasse, and residual glycerol from biodiesel using simplex-centroid mixture design: methane potential, synergic effect, and microbial diversity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33193-1. [PMID: 38605273 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass (MB) is a promising feedstock for bioenergy production. Nonetheless, the cell recalcitrance and the low C/N ratio limit the methane yield during anaerobic digestion. As an alternative to overcome these challenges, MB co-digestion with different feedstocks has been proposed. Thus, this study evaluated the anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of MB cultivated in wastewater with sugarcane vinasse (VIN) and residual glycerol from biodiesel production (GLY). Batch tests were conducted using augmented simplex-centroid mixture design to investigate the impact of AcoD on methane production (SMP), synergistic effects, and the influence on microbial community. When compared to MB digestion, 150 NmL CH4.g-1VS, binary and ternary AcoD achieved SMP increases from 120 to 337%. The combination of 16.7:16.7:66.7 (MB:VIN:GLY) showed the highest SMP for a ternary mixture (631 NmL CH4.g-1VS). Optimal synergies ranged from 1.3 to 1.4 and were primarily found for the MB:GLY AcoD. Acetoclastic Methanosaeta genus was predominant, regardless the combination between substrates. Despite the largest SMP obtained from the MB:GLY AcoD, other ternary mixtures were also highly synergetic and therefore had strong potential as a strategic renewable energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilberto Mariano da Silva
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Sayonara Costa de Araújo
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Shyrlane Torres Soares Veras
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Agnes Adam Duarte Pinheiro
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Motteran
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Mario Takayuki Kato
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Lourdinha Florencio
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Wanderli Rogério Moreira Leite
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil.
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Abusweireh RS, Rajamohan N, Sonne C, Vasseghian Y. Algae biogas production focusing on operating conditions and conversion mechanisms - A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17757. [PMID: 37449195 PMCID: PMC10336526 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming is the result of traditional fuel use and manufacturing, which release significant volumes of CO2 and other greenhouse gases from factories. Moreover, rising energy consumption, anticipated limitations of fossil fuels in the near future, and increased interest in renewable energies among scientists, currently increase research in biofuels. In contrast to biomass from urban waste materials or the land, algae have the potential to be a commercially successful aquatic energy crop, offering a greater energy potential. Here we discuss the importance of Anaerobic Digestion (AD) for enhanced biogas yield, characterization, and comparisons between algae pretreatment methods namely, mechanical, thermal, microwave irradiation, and enzymatic and catalytic methods. The importance of anaerobic digestion enhances biogas yield, characterization, and comparisons between mechanical, thermal, microwave irradiation, and enzymatic and catalytic treatment. Additionally, operational aspects such as algal species, temperature, C/N ratio, retention period, and particle size impact biofuel yield. The highest algal biogas yield reported was 740 mL/gVS, subtracted from Taihu de-oiled algae applying thermos-chemical pretreatment under conditions of temperature, time, and catalyst concentration of 70 °C, 3 h, and 6%, respectively. Another high yield of algal-based biogas was obtained from Laminaria sp. with mechanical pretreatment under temperature, time, and VS concentration of 38 ± 1 °C, 15 min, and 2.5% respectively, with a maximum yield of 615 ± 7 mL/g VS. Although biofuels derived from algae species are only partially commercialized, the feedstock for biogas might soon be commercially grown. Algae and other plant species that could be cultivated on marginal lands as affordable energy crops with the potential to contribute to the production of biogas are promising and are already being worked on.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natarajan Rajamohan
- Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, P C-311, Oman
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
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Rana MS, Prajapati SK. Mixotrophic microalgal-biofilm reactor augmenting biomass and biofuel productivity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 356:127306. [PMID: 35569716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the mixotrophic growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in a microalgal-biofilm reactor (MBR) using waste glycerol as an organic carbon source. The biomass productivity of C. pyrenoidosa (10.14 g m-2 d-1) under the mixotrophic mode was remarkably higher than that observed during the phototrophic mode (4.16 g m-2 d-1), under similar incubation conditions. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 d was found optimal for the higher productivity of microalgae in the MBR. Notably, based on biofuel quality, mixotrophically grown microalgal biomass was noted to have better suitability for biomethane production compared to biodiesel. Besides, up to 98.09, 75.74, and 55.86% removal of phosphate, nitrate, and COD, respectively, was recorded within 6 d under mixotrophic growth. Overall, the present findings magnificently demonstrate the efficient recycling of waste glycerol for higher biomass production coupled with phycoremediation using mixotrophic MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singh Rana
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Kabir SB, Khalekuzzaman M, Hossain N, Jamal M, Alam MA, Abomohra AEF. Progress in biohythane production from microalgae-wastewater sludge co-digestion: An integrated biorefinery approach. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 57:107933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Vassalle L, Passos F, Rosa-Machado AT, Moreira C, Reis M, Pascoal de Freitas M, Ferrer I, Mota CR. The use of solar pre-treatment as a strategy to improve the anaerobic biodegradability of microalgal biomass in co-digestion with sewage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131929. [PMID: 34463260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been intensively investigated in search for low-cost, environmental-friendly options. Anaerobic-aerobic treatment solutions, as upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors followed by high rate algal ponds (HRAP) have already proved to be efficient for pollutants and micropollutants removal, as well as for energy recovery from the co-digestion of raw sewage and microalgal biomass. Since microalgae cells have complex structures that make them resistant to anaerobic digestion, pre-treatment techniques may be applied to improve microalgal biomass solubilisation and methane yield. Among the thermal pre-treatments, the use of solar energy for biomass solubilisation has yet to be investigated. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the performance of a solar thermal microalgal biomass pre-treatment prior to the anaerobic co-digestion with raw sewage, comparing a UASB reactor feed only raw sewage and other UASB reactor feed with raw sewage and pre-treated microalgal biomass. The results showed that, the solar pre-treatment step reached an organic matter solubilisation of 32% (COD). Furthermore, the methane yield was increased by 45% (from 81 to 117 NL CH4 kg-1 COD), after the anaerobic co-digestion with pre-treated microalgae as compared to the mono-digestion of raw sewage, indicating significant difference between the evaluated UASB reactors. The energy assessment showed a positive energy balance, as the total energy produced was twice the energy consumed in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vassalle
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil; GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
| | - Fabiana Passos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil.
| | - Alcino Trindade Rosa-Machado
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Camila Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pascoal de Freitas
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
| | - César Rossas Mota
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil.
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Colusse GA, Carneiro J, Duarte MER, Carvalho JCD, Noseda MD. Advances in microalgal cell wall polysaccharides: a review focused on structure, production, and biological application. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:562-577. [PMID: 34320897 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1941750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae have been shown to be useful in several biotechnological fields due to their feasible cultivation and high-value biomolecules production. Several substances of interest produced by microalgae, such as: proteins, lipids, and natural colorants, have already been explored. Based on the continuing demand for new natural molecules, microalgae could also be a valuable source of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are extremely important in aquaculture, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and food industries, and have great economic impact worldwide. Despite this, reviews on microalgal polysaccharide production, biological activity, and chemical structure are not abundant. Moreover, techniques of microalgal cultivation, coupled with carbohydrate production, need to be clarified in order to develop forward-looking technologies. The present review provides an overview of the main advances in microalgal cell wall polysaccharide production, as well as their associated potential biological applications and chemical structure. Several studies on future prospects, related to microalgae are presented, highlighting the key challenges in microalgal polysaccharide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Augusto Colusse
- Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Carneiro
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Cesar de Carvalho
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Miguel Daniel Noseda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Pretreatment, Anaerobic Codigestion, or Both? Which Is More Suitable for the Enhancement of Methane Production from Agricultural Waste? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144175. [PMID: 34299449 PMCID: PMC8303515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretreatment and codigestion are proven to be effective strategies for the enhancement of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic residues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of pretreatment and codigestion on methane production and the hydrolysis rate in the anaerobic digestion of agricultural wastes (AWs). Thermal and different thermochemical pretreatments were applied on AWs. Sewage sludge (SS) was selected as a cosubstrate. Biochemical methane potential tests were performed by mixing SS with raw and pretreated AWs at different mixing ratios. Hydrolysis rates were estimated by the best fit obtained with the first-order kinetic model. As a result of the experimental and kinetic studies, the best strategy was determined to be thermochemical pretreatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This strategy resulted in a maximum enhancement in the anaerobic digestion of AWs, a 56% increase in methane production, an 81.90% increase in the hydrolysis rate and a 79.63% decrease in the technical digestion time compared to raw AWs. On the other hand, anaerobic codigestion (AcoD) with SS was determined to be ineffective when it came to the enhancement of methane production and the hydrolysis rate. The most suitable mixing ratio was determined to be 80:20 (Aws/SS) for the AcoD of the studied AWs with SS in order to obtain the highest possible methane production without any antagonistic effect.
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Carrillo-Reyes J, Buitrón G, Arcila JS, López-Gómez MO. Thermophilic biogas production from microalgae-bacteria aggregates: biogas yield, community variation and energy balance. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129898. [PMID: 33667771 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biogas production through anaerobic mesophilic digestion is the most straightforward biofuel production route integrated into microalgae-bacteria wastewater treatment plants. Improvement of this biofuel route without adding pretreatment units is possible through the temperature increase. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the transitory effect of different temperatures (35 °C and 55 °C) and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 15 and 30 d on the long-term methane production using non-pretreated microalgae-bacteria aggregates as a feedstock. The thermophilic transition from mesophilic inoculum adapted to microalgae-bacteria aggregate increased 1.7-fold the methane production (0.41 m3CH4 kgVS-1) at HRT of 30 d. A substantial decrease in the microbial community's diversity present in the anaerobic reactor was observed when thermophilic conditions were applied, explaining the long adaptation period needed. The increase of the operative temperature condition promotes changes in the dominance pathway of methanogenesis from hydrogenotrophic to acetolactic. The energy balance assessment showed a positive net energy ratio when the digester was operated at an HRT of 30 d. A maximum net energy ratio of 1.5 was achieved at mesophilic temperature. This study demonstrated, based on experimental data, that microalgal digestion with an HRT of 30 d favors energy self-sustainability in microalgal wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Carrillo-Reyes
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico
| | - Germán Buitrón
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico.
| | - Juan Sebastián Arcila
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico; Research Group of Technological and Environmental Advances, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Carrera 23 No. 60 - 63, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Matías Orlando López-Gómez
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico
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12
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Rincón-Pérez J, Celis LB, Morales M, Alatriste-Mondragón F, Tapia-Rodríguez A, Razo-Flores E. Improvement of methane production at alkaline and neutral pH from anaerobic co-digestion of microalgal biomass and cheese whey. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Osmotic shock pre-treatment of Chaetoceros muelleri wet biomass enhanced solvent-free lipid extraction and biogas production. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Serna-García R, Ruiz-Barriga P, Noriega-Hevia G, Serralta J, Pachés M, Bouzas A. Maximising resource recovery from wastewater grown microalgae and primary sludge in an anaerobic membrane co-digestion pilot plant coupled to a composting process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 281:111890. [PMID: 33385906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale microalgae (Chlorella spp.) and primary sludge anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) plant was run for one year in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) at 35 °C, 70 d solids retention time and 30 d hydraulic retention time, showing high stability in terms of pH and VFA concentration. The plant achieved a high degree of microalgae and primary sludge substrate degradation, resulting in a methane yield of 370 mLCH4·gVSinf-1. Nutrient-rich effluent streams (685 mgN·L-1 and 145 mgP·L-1 in digestate and 395 mgNH4-N·L-1 and 37 mgPO4-P·L-1 in permeate) were obtained, allowing posterior nutrient recovery. Ammonium was recovered from the permeate as ammonia sulphate through a hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fibre membrane contactor, achieving 99% nitrogen recovery efficiency. However, phosphorus recovery through processes such as struvite precipitation was not applied since only 26% of the phosphate was available in the effluent. Composting process of the digestate coming from the ACoD pilot plant was assessed on laboratory-scale Dewar reactors, as was the conventional sludge compost from an industrial WWTP digestion process, obtaining similar values from both. Sanitised (free of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) and stable compost (respirometric index at 37 °C below 0.5 mgO 2 g organic matter-1·h-1) was obtained from both sludges.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Serna-García
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain.
| | - P Ruiz-Barriga
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - G Noriega-Hevia
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Serralta
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pachés
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bouzas
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
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15
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Mahmudul HM, Rasul MG, Akbar D, Narayanan R, Mofijur M. A comprehensive review of the recent development and challenges of a solar-assisted biodigester system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141920. [PMID: 32889316 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of fossil fuels and the environmental effect of their combustion products have attracted researchers to look into renewable energy sources. In addition, global mass production of waste has motivated communities to recycle and reuse the waste in a sustainable way to lower landfill waste and associated problems. The development of waste to energy (WtE) technology including the production of bioenergy, e.g. biogas produced from various waste through Anaerobic Digestion (AD), is considered one of the potential measures to achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN). Therefore, this study reviews the most recent studies from relevant academic literature on WtE technology (particularly AD technology) for biogas production and the application of a solar-assisted biodigester (SAB) system aimed at improving performance. In addition, socio-economic factors, challenges, and perspectives have been reported. From the analysis of different technologies, further work on effective low-cost technologies is recommended, especially using SAB system upgrading and leveraging the opportunities of this system. The study found that the performance of the AD system is affected by a variety of factors and that different approaches can be applied to improve performance. It has also been found that solar energy systems efficiently raise the biogas digester temperature and through this, they maximize the biogas yield under optimum conditions. The study revealed that the solar-assisted AD system produces less pollution and improves performance compared to the conventional AD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Mahmudul
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia; Clean Energy Academy, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia.
| | - M G Rasul
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia; Clean Energy Academy, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - D Akbar
- School of Business and Law, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - R Narayanan
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia; Clean Energy Academy, Central Queensland University, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - M Mofijur
- School of Information, Systems and Modelling, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Veerabadhran M, Gnanasekaran D, Wei J, Yang F. Anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass for bioenergy production, removal of nutrients and microcystin: current status. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1639-1651. [PMID: 33421297 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Using renewable microalgal biomass as active feedstocks for biofuels and bioproducts is explored to substitute petroleum-based fuels and chemicals. In the last few years, the importance of microalgae biomass has been realized as a renewable feedstock due to several positive attributes associated with it. Biorefinery via anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgal biomass is a promising and sustainable method to produce value-added chemicals, edible products and biofuels. Microalgal biomass pretreatment is a significant process to enhance methane production by AD. Findings on the AD microbial community's variety and organization can give novel in turn on digester steadiness and presentation. This review presents a vital study of the existing facts on the AD microbial community and AD production. Co-digestion of microalgal biomass with different co-substrates was used in AD to enhance biogas production, and the process was economically viable with improved biodegradability. Microcystins, which are produced by toxic cyanobacterial blooms, create a severe hazard to environmental health. Anaerobic biodegradation is an effective method to degrade the microcystins and convert into nontoxic products. However, for the cost-effective conversion of biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts, additional highly developed research is still required for large-scale AD of microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Veerabadhran
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - D Gnanasekaran
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - J Wei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - F Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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17
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Scaling-Up the Anaerobic Digestion of Pretreated Microalgal Biomass within a Water Resource Recovery Facility. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13205484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment plants are low-cost alternatives for recovering nutrients from contaminated effluents through microalgal biomass, which may be subsequently processed into valuable bioproducts and bioenergy. Anaerobic digestion for biogas and biomethane production is the most straightforward and applicable technology for bioenergy recovery. However, pretreatment techniques may be needed to enhance the anaerobic biodegradability of microalgae. To date, very few full-scale systems have been put through, due to acknowledged bottlenecks such as low biomass concentration after conventional harvesting and inefficient processing into valuable products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anaerobic digestion of pretreated microalgal biomass in a demonstration-scale microalgae biorefinery, and to compare the results obtained with previous research conducted at lab-scale, in order to assess the scalability of this bioprocess. In the lab-scale experiments, real municipal wastewater was treated in high rate algal ponds (2 × 0.47 m3), and harvested microalgal biomass was thickened and digested to produce biogas. It was observed how the methane yield increased by 67% after implementing a thermal pretreatment step (at 75 °C for 10 h), and therefore the very same pretreatment was applied in the demonstration-scale study. In this case, agricultural runoff was treated in semi-closed tubular photobioreactors (3 × 11.7 m3), and harvested microalgal biomass was thickened and thermally pretreated before undergoing the anaerobic digestion to produce biogas. The results showed a VS removal of 70% in the reactor and a methane yield up to 0.24 L CH4/g VS, which were similar to the lab-scale results. Furthermore, photosynthetic biogas upgrading led to the production of biomethane, while the digestate was treated in a constructed wetland to obtain a biofertilizer. In this way, the demonstration-scale plant evidenced the feasibility of recovering resources (biomethane and biofertilizer) from agricultural runoff using microalgae-based systems coupled with anaerobic digestion of the microalgal biomass.
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18
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Synergistic Co-Digestion of Microalgae and Primary Sludge to Enhance Methane Yield from Temperature-Phased Anaerobic Digestion. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13174547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A two-stage temperature-phased mesophilic anaerobic digestion assay was carried out to study the interaction between various biological pretreatment conditions and the possible synergistic co-digestion of microalgae and primary sludge. The study of growth kinetics of the biochemical methane potential test revealed that a maximum of 36% increase in methane yield was observed from co-digestion of a substrate pretreated by thermophilic aerobic conditions (55 °C and HRT = 2 days) and an 8.3% increase was obtained from the anaerobic pretreated substrate (55 °C and HRT = 3 days). Moreover, no synergistic effects on methane yields were observed in co-digesting the substrate pretreated with high temperature (85 °C). The study also identified specific conditions in which interaction between biological pretreatment and co-digestion might substantially reduce methane yield. Careful optimization of operating conditions, both aerobic and anaerobic pretreatment at moderate thermophilic conditions, can be used as a biological pretreatment to enhance methane yield from the co-digestion of microalgae and primary sludge.
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19
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Rana MS, Bhushan S, Prajapati SK. New insights on improved growth and biogas production potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa through intermittent iron oxide nanoparticle supplementation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14119. [PMID: 32839563 PMCID: PMC7445271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of α-Fe2O3-nanoparticles (IONPs) supplementation at varying doses (0, 10, 20 and, 30 mg L-1) at the intermittent stage (after 12th day of growth period) was studied on the growth and biogas production potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Significant enhancements in microalgae growth were observed with all the tested IONPs doses, the highest (2.94 ± 0.01 g L-1) being at 20 mg L-1. Consequently, the composition of the biomass was also improved. Based on the precedent determinations, theoretical chemical oxygen demand (CODth) as well as theoretical and stoichiometric methane potential (TMP, and SMP) were also estimated. The CODth, TMP, SMP values indicated IONPs efficacy for improving biogas productivity. Further, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was done for IONPs supplemented biomass. The BMP test revealed up to a 25.14% rise in biogas yield (605 mL g-1 VSfed) with 22.4% enhanced methane content for 30 mg L-1 IONPs supplemented biomass over control. Overall, at 30 mg L-1 IONPs supplementation, the cumulative enhancements in biomass, biogas, and methane content proffered a net rise of 98.63% in biomethane potential (≈ 2.86 × 104 m3 ha-1 year-1) compared to control. These findings reveal the potential of IONPs in improving microalgal biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singh Rana
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.,Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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20
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Arashiro L, Ferrer I, Pániker CC, Gómez-Pinchetti JL, Rousseau DPL, Van Hulle SWH, Garfí M. Natural Pigments and Biogas Recovery from Microalgae Grown in Wastewater. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:10691-10701. [PMID: 32953285 PMCID: PMC7493222 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the recovery of natural pigments (phycobiliproteins) and bioenergy (biogas) from microalgae grown in wastewater. A consortium of microalgae, mainly composed by Nostoc, Phormidium, and Geitlerinema, known to have high phycobiliproteins content, was grown in photobioreactors. The growth medium was composed by secondary effluent from a high rate algal pond (HRAP) along with the anaerobic digestion centrate, which aimed to enhance the N/P ratio, given the lack of nutrients in the secondary effluent. Additionally, the centrate is still a challenging anaerobic digestion residue since the high nitrogen concentrations have to be removed before disposal. Removal efficiencies up to 52% of COD, 86% of NH4 +-N, and 100% of phosphorus were observed. The biomass composition was monitored over the experimental period in order to ensure stable cyanobacterial dominance in the mixed culture. Phycocyanin and phycoerythrin were extracted from harvested biomass, achieving maximum concentrations of 20.1 and 8.1 mg/g dry weight, respectively. The residual biomass from phycobiliproteins extraction was then used to produce biogas, with final methane yields ranging from 159 to 199 mL CH4/g VS. According to the results, by combining the extraction of pigments and the production of biogas from residual biomass, we would not only obtain high-value compounds, but also more energy (around 5-10% higher), as compared to the single recovery of biogas. The proposed process poses an example of resource recovery from biomass grown in wastewater, moving toward a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa
T. Arashiro
- GEMMA
- Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department
of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory
for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green
Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University
Campus Kortrijk, Graaf
Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA
- Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department
of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Tel: +34 934016463.
| | - Catalina C. Pániker
- GEMMA
- Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department
of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Gómez-Pinchetti
- Spanish
Bank of Algae, Institute of Oceanography and Global Change, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Muelle de Taliarte, 35214 Telde, Canary Islands Spain
| | - Diederik P. L. Rousseau
- Laboratory
for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green
Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University
Campus Kortrijk, Graaf
Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stijn W. H. Van Hulle
- Laboratory
for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green
Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University
Campus Kortrijk, Graaf
Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Marianna Garfí
- GEMMA
- Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department
of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Vassalle L, Díez-Montero R, Machado ATR, Moreira C, Ferrer I, Mota CR, Passos F. Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket in microalgae-based sewage treatment: Co-digestion for improving biogas production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122677. [PMID: 31901777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors are widely used to treat domestic sewage and frequently require post-treatment. Little is known about the use of high rate algal ponds (HRAP) for post-treating UASB reactors' effluent. This study aimed to evaluate a UASB reactor followed by a HRAP in terms of sewage treatment efficiency and biogas production, during one year at demonstration-scale. The UASB reactor co-treated raw sewage and the harvested microalgal biomass from the HRAP, which was recirculated to the reactor. An identical UASB reactor, treating only raw sewage, was used as control. The results showed an overall removal of 65% COD and 61% N-NH4 in the system. Furthermore, methane yield was increased by 25% after anaerobic co-digestion with microalgae, from 156 to 211 NL CH4 kg-1 VS. An energy assessment was performed and showed a positive energy balance, with a net ratio of 2.11 to the annual average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vassalle
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rubén Díez-Montero
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alcino Trindade Rosa Machado
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cesar R Mota
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Passos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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22
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Serna-García R, Zamorano-López N, Seco A, Bouzas A. Co-digestion of harvested microalgae and primary sludge in a mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): Methane potential and microbial diversity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122521. [PMID: 31830660 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of primary sludge and raw microalgae (Scenedesmus and Chlorella) was performed in a lab-scale semi-continuous anaerobic membrane bioreactor to assess the biological performance and identify the microbial community involved in the co-digestion process. The reactor was operated at 35 °C for 440 days, working at a solids retention time of 100 days. The system achieved 73% biodegradability and showed high stability in terms of pH and volatile fatty acids. An enriched microbial community was observed. Of the several phyla, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria were the most abundant. Cellulose-degraders phyla (Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Thermotogae) were detected. Syntrophic microorganisms played an important role in intermediate degradation, enhancing methane production, mainly carried out by Methanosaeta. A nutrient-rich effluent (400 mg NH4-N·L-1 and 29 mg PO4-P·L-1) and digestate (860 mg N·L-1 and 151 mg P·L-1) were obtained. The bio-nutrients released from anaerobic co-digestion could be reused for microalgae cultivation or agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Serna-García
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - N Zamorano-López
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bouzas
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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23
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Solé-Bundó M, Garfí M, Ferrer I. Pretreatment and co-digestion of microalgae, sludge and fat oil and grease (FOG) from microalgae-based wastewater treatment plants. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122563. [PMID: 31841823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the co-digestion of residual biomass flows generated in microalgae-based wastewater treatment plants: microalgae, primary sludge and fat, oil and grease (FOG), with and without microalgae thermal pretreatment. The results evidenced the high methane yield of FOG (563 mL CH4/g VS) as compared to microalgae (140 mL CH4/gVS) and sludge (299 mL CH4/g VS). The methane yield of microalgae and sludge co-digestion (50-50% VS) was increased by 25 and 42% by adding 10 and 20% VS of FOG, respectively. Moreover, co-digestion trials improved the anaerobic digestion first-order kinetics by up to 67%. Regarding the thermal pretreatment, it increased the methane yield of microalgae by 60%, and 15% upon co-digestion with sludge and FOG. Therefore, co-digestion of microalgae, primary sludge and FOG appears as a promising strategy to enhance the biogas production, hence bioenergy recovery from wastewater, even without pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Solé-Bundó
- GEMMA Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·Barcelona Tech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianna Garfí
- GEMMA Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·Barcelona Tech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·Barcelona Tech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Zamorano-López N, Borrás L, Seco A, Aguado D. Unveiling microbial structures during raw microalgae digestion and co-digestion with primary sludge to produce biogas using semi-continuous AnMBR systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134365. [PMID: 31677459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methane production from microalgae can be enhanced through anaerobic co-digestion with carbon-rich substrates and thus mitigate the inhibition risk associated with its low C:N ratio. Acclimated microbial communities for microalgae disruption can be used as a source of natural enzymes in bioenergy production. However, co-substrates with a certain microbial diversity such as primary sludge might shift the microbial structure. Substrates were generated in a Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) and combined as follows: Scenedesmus or Chlorella digestion and microalgae co-digestion with primary sludge. The study was performed using two lab-scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBR). During three years, different feedstocks scenarios for methane production were evaluated with a special focus on the microbial diversity of the AnMBR. 57% of the population was shared between the different feedstock scenarios, revealing the importance of Anaerolineaceae members besides Smithella and Methanosaeta genera. The addition of primary sludge enhanced the microbial diversity of the system during both Chlorella and Scenedesmus co-digestion and promoted different microbial structures. Aceticlastic methanogen Methanosaeta was dominant in all the feedstock scenarios. A more remarkable role of syntrophic fatty acid degraders (Smithella, Syntrophobacteraceae) was observed during co-digestion when only microalgae were digested. However, no significant changes were observed in the microbial composition during anaerobic microalgae digestion when feeding only Chlorella or Scenedesmus. This is the first work revealing the composition of complex communities for semi-continuous bioenergy production from WRRF streams. The stability and maintenance of a microbial core over-time in semi-continuous AnMBRs is here shown supporting their future application in full-scale systems for raw microalgae digestion or co-digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zamorano-López
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - L Borrás
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - D Aguado
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Laiq Ur Rehman M, Iqbal A, Chang CC, Li W, Ju M. Anaerobic digestion. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1253-1271. [PMID: 31529649 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide waste generation has become a topic of interest since the accumulation of this waste has prompted environmental hazards. Among which, anaerobic digestion provides green and efficient alternate solution for removal of toxic waste and energy production. Therefore, this review emphasizes on the recent data published in 2018 on topics related to anaerobic process, enhancement of biogas production, and fermentation efficiency. Furthermore, more focus was made on the factors influencing anaerobic digestion and the effect of trace elements as ionic salts as well as nanoparticles on overall biogas production, respectively. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Anaerobic digestion provide green and efficient alternate solution to deal with. This review focused on the conditions related to anaerobic process to improve biogas production and fermentation efficiency. The trace elements were focused on how to influence biogas production during anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Laiq Ur Rehman
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Use of Biomass Resources, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Awais Iqbal
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chein-Chi Chang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Use of Biomass Resources, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weizun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Use of Biomass Resources, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meiting Ju
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Use of Biomass Resources, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Arashiro LT, Ferrer I, Rousseau DPL, Van Hulle SWH, Garfí M. The effect of primary treatment of wastewater in high rate algal pond systems: Biomass and bioenergy recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:27-36. [PMID: 30754003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of primary treatment on the performance of two pilot-scale high rate algal ponds (HRAPs) treating urban wastewater, considering their treatment efficiency, biomass productivity, characteristics and biogas production potential. Results indicated that the primary treatment did not significantly affect the wastewater treatment efficiency (NH4+-N removal of 93 and 91% and COD removal of 62 and 65% in HRAP with and without primary treatment, respectively). The HRAP without primary treatment had higher biodiversity and productivity (20 vs. 15 g VSS/m2d). Biomass from both systems presented good settling capacity. Results of biochemical methane potential test showed that co-digesting microalgae and primary sludge led to higher methane yields (238-258 mL CH4/g VS) compared with microalgae mono-digestion (189-225 mL CH4/g VS). Overall, HRAPs with and without primary treatment seem to be appropriate alternatives for combining wastewater treatment and bioenergy recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa T Arashiro
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diederik P L Rousseau
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stijn W H Van Hulle
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Marianna Garfí
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Solé-Bundó M, Garfí M, Matamoros V, Ferrer I. Co-digestion of microalgae and primary sludge: Effect on biogas production and microcontaminants removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:974-981. [PMID: 30743981 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal-based wastewater treatment plants are conceived as low cost and low energy consuming systems. The operation of these plants involves the management of primary sludge and microalgal biomass. The aim of this study is to analyse the anaerobic co-digestion of both by-products in terms of biogas production and contaminants of emerging concern removal. The co-digestion of microalgae and primary sludge (25/75% on a volatile solids basis) was investigated in continuous reactors and compared to microalgae mono-digestion at a hydraulic retention time of 20days. Results showed how the co-digestion enhanced the anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass, since primary sludge is a more readily biodegradable substrate, which increased the methane production by 65% and reduced the risk of ammonia toxicity. Regarding the contaminants, musk fragrances (galaxolide and tonalide) and triclosan showed the highest abundance on primary sludge (0.5-25μg/g TS), whereas caffeine, methyl dihydrojasmonate and triphenyl phosphate were barely detected in both substrates (<0.1μg/g TS). The removal of these contaminants was compound-depending and ranged from no removal to up to 90%. On the whole, microalgae mono-digestion resulted in a higher removal of selected contaminants than the co-digestion with primary sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Solé-Bundó
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianna Garfí
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Matamoros
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Combining Microwave Pretreatment with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Enhanced Biogas and Hydrogen Yield from Green Algae. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The available energy can be effectively upgraded by adopting smart energy conversion measures. The biodegradability of biomass can be improved by employing pretreatment techniques; however, such methods result in reduced energy efficiency. In this study, microwave (MW) irradiation is used for green algae (Enteromorpha) pretreatment in combination with iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) which act as a heterogeneous catalyst during anaerobic digestion process for biogas enhancement. Batch-wise anaerobic digestion was carried out. The results showed that MW pretreatment and its combination with Fe3O4 NPs produced highest yields of biogas and hydrogen as compared to the individual ones and control. The biogas amount and hydrogen % v/v achieved by MW pretreatment + Fe3O4 NPs group were 328 mL and 51.5%, respectively. The energy analysis indicated that synergistic application of MW pretreatment with Fe3O4 NPs produced added energy while consuming less input energy than MW pretreatment alone. The kinetic parameters of the reaction were scientifically evaluated by using modified Gompertz and Logistic function model for each experimental case. MW pretreatment + Fe3O4 NPs group improved biogas production potential and maximum biogas production rate.
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