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Grancharova T, Simeonova S, Pilicheva B, Zagorchev P. Gold Nanoparticles in Parkinson's Disease Therapy: A Focus on Plant-Based Green Synthesis. Cureus 2024; 16:e54671. [PMID: 38524031 PMCID: PMC10960252 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects approximately 1% of people over the age of 60 and 5% of those over the age of 85. Current drugs for Parkinson's disease mainly affect the symptoms and cannot stop its progression. Nanotechnology provides a solution to address some challenges in therapy, such as overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), adverse pharmacokinetics, and the limited bioavailability of therapeutics. The reformulation of drugs into nanoparticles (NPs) can improve their biodistribution, protect them from degradation, reduce the required dose, and ensure target accumulation. Furthermore, appropriately designed nanoparticles enable the combination of diagnosis and therapy with a single nanoagent. In recent years, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied with increasing interest due to their intrinsic nanozyme activity. They can mimic the action of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. The use of 13-nm gold nanoparticles (CNM-Au8®) in bicarbonate solution is being studied as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease and other neurological illnesses. CNM-Au8® improves remyelination and motor functions in experimental animals. Among the many techniques for nanoparticle synthesis, green synthesis is increasingly used due to its simplicity and therapeutic potential. Green synthesis relies on natural and environmentally friendly materials, such as plant extracts, to reduce metal ions and form nanoparticles. Moreover, the presence of bioactive plant compounds on their surface increases the therapeutic potential of these nanoparticles. The present article reviews the possibilities of nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis to combine the therapeutic effects of plant components with gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsenka Grancharova
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
| | - Stanislava Simeonova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
| | - Bissera Pilicheva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
| | - Plamen Zagorchev
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
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Zheng M, Yang X, Yuan P, Wang F, Guo X, Li L, Wang J, Miao S, Shi X, Ma S. Investigating the mechanism of Sinisan formula in depression treatment: a comprehensive analysis using GEO datasets, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38174416 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2297816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The herbal formula Sinisan (SNS) is a commonly used treatment for depression; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. This article uses a combination of the GEO database, network pharmacology and molecular docking technologies to investigate the mechanism of action of SNS. The aim is to provide new insights and methods for future depression treatments. The study aims to extract effective compounds and targets for the treatment of depression from the T CMSP database. Relevant targets were searched using the GEO, Disgenet, Drugbank, PharmGKB and T T D databases, followed by screening of core targets. In addition, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed to explore potential pathways for the treatment of depression. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the potential targets and compounds and to identify the optimal core protein-compound complex. Molecular dynamics was used to further investigate the dynamic variability and stability of the complex. The study identified 118 active SNS components and 208 corresponding targets. Topological analysis of P P I networks identified 11 core targets. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the mechanism of action for depression involves genes associated with inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the MAP K3 and P I3K-Akt signalling pathways. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations showed a strong binding affinity between these compounds and the screened targets, indicating promising biological activity. The present study investigated the active components, targets and pathways of SNS in the treatment of depression. Through a preliminary investigation, key signalling pathways and compounds were identified. These findings provide new directions and ideas for future research on the therapeutic mechanism of SNS and its clinical application in the treatment of depression.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Northwestern Polytechnical University Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodi Guo
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shan Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shanbo Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Agrawal N, Bhardwaj A, Singh S, Goyal A, Gaurav A. Natural Products as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Potential Agents for Neurological Disorders. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:701-714. [PMID: 37165491 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230510141008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of medicinal plants has been advantageous due to their manifestation through various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Inhibition of the monoamine oxidase enzyme is suspected to be a highly effective treatment for various neurological illnesses like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, social phobia, and panic disorders. The study of phytochemicals and plant extracts used as a traditional source of medication revealed that they possess the vast potential for monoamine oxidase inhibition. Thus, the article focuses on the potential use of plant extracts and phytochemicals as sources of novel MAO inhibitors for treating neurological disorders. Exhaustive literature search revealed that a variety of phytochemicals from the categories such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, alkyl phenyl ketones, coumarin derivatives and essential oils have displayed potential MAO inhibition. This review highlights the progress made in the discovery and development of plant-based MAO inhibitors and aims to provide medicinal chemists with an overview of this information to aid in the development of clinically viable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Gaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Choudhary D, Kaur R, Singh TG, Kumar B. Pyrazoline Derivatives as Promising MAO-A Targeting Antidepressants: An Update. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:401-415. [PMID: 38318823 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266280249240126052505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the key conditions addressed by the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) of WHO that can lead to self-harm and suicide. Depression is associated with low levels of neurotransmitters, which eventually play a key role in the progression and development of mental illness. The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds exhibit the most prominent pharmacological profile as antidepressants. Pyrazoline, a dihydro derivative of pyrazole, is a well-known five-membered heterocyclic moiety that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Many researchers have reported pyrazoline scaffold-containing molecules as potential antidepressant agents with selectivity for monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAO) isoforms. Several studies indicated a better affinity of pyrazoline-based moiety as (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) MAOIs. In this review, we have focused on the recent advancements (2019-2023) in the development of pyrazoline-containing derivatives exhibiting promising inhibition of MAO-A enzyme to treat depression. This review provides structural insights on pyrazoline-based molecules along with their SAR analysis, in silico exploration of binding interactions between pyrazoline derivatives and MAO-A enzyme, and clinical trial status of various drug molecules against depression. The in-silico exploration of potent pyrazoline derivatives at the active site of the MAOA enzyme will provide further insights into the development of new potential MAO-A inhibitors for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Choudhary
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | | | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Chauras Campus, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, 248002, Uttrakhand, India
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5
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Kumar S, Chhabra V, Shenoy S, Daksh R, Ravichandiran V, Swamy RS, Kumar N. Role of Flavonoids in Modulation of Mitochondria Dynamics during Oxidative Stress. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:908-919. [PMID: 37861054 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575259219230920093214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are a widespread category of naturally occurring polyphenols distinguished by the flavan nucleus in plant-based foods and beverages, known for their various health benefits. Studies have suggested that consuming 150-500 mg of flavonoids daily is beneficial for health. Recent studies suggest that flavonoids are involved in maintaining mitochondrial activity and preventing impairment of mitochondrial dynamics by oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE This review emphasized the significance of studying the impact of flavonoids on mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. METHODS This review analysed and summarised the findings related to the impact of flavonoids on mitochondria from publicly available search engines namely Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. DESCRIPTION Any disruption in mitochondrial dynamics can contribute to cellular dysfunction and diseases, including cancer, cardiac conditions, and neurodegeneration. Flavonoids have been shown to modulate mitochondrial dynamics by regulating protein expression involved in fission and fusion events. Furthermore, flavonoids exhibit potent antioxidant properties by lowering the production of ROS and boosting the performance of antioxidant enzymes. Persistent inflammation is a characteristic of many different disorders. This is because flavonoids also alter the inflammatory response by controlling the expression of numerous cytokines and chemokines involved in the inflammatory process. Flavonoids exhibit an impressive array of significant health effects, making them an effective therapeutic agent for managing various disorders. Further this review summarised available mechanisms underlying flavonoids' actions on mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress to recognize the optimal dose and duration of flavonoid intake for therapeutic purposes. CONCLUSION This review may provide a solid foundation for developing targeted therapeutic interventions utilizing flavonoids, ultimately benefiting individuals afflicted with various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Vishal Chhabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Smita Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Rajni Daksh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
| | - Ravindra Shantakumar Swamy
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Basic Medical Sciences (DBMS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India
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Zamanian MY, Soltani A, Khodarahmi Z, Alameri AA, Alwan AMR, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Obaid RF, Abosaooda M, Heidari M, Golmohammadi M, Anoush M. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway by quercetin in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders: An overview and update on new developments. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1050-1064. [PMID: 37259891 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders (NLDs) are widely acknowledged as a significant public health concern worldwide. Stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are three of these disorders that have sparked major study attention. Neurological dysfunction, protein buildup, oxidation and neuronal injury, and aberrant mitochondria are all prevalent neuropathological hallmarks of these disorders. The signaling cascade of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) shares all of them as a common target. Several studies have found that overexpression of Nrf2 is a promising treatment method in NLDs. Effective treatment of these disorders continues to be a universal concern regardless of various medicines. In order to treat a variety of neurological problems, organic remedies may provide an alternative treatment. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols like quercetin (Que) offer considerable capabilities for treating NLDs. One of Que's greatest key targets, Nrf2, has the capacity to control the production of a number of cytoprotective enzymes that exhibit neuroprotective, detoxifying, and antioxidative effects. Additionally, Que enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and inhibited alterations in the shape and death of neurons in the hippocampus. OBJECTIVE In this review, we have focused on Que's medicinal prospects as a neuroprotective drug. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study. RESULTS The findings of this research demonstrate that (1) Que protected the blood-brain barrier via stimulating Nrf2 in animal stroke, which alleviated ischemic reperfusion and motor dysfunction. (2) By triggering the Nrf2 pathway, Que reduced the neuroinflammation and oxidative damage brought on by TBI in the cortex. (3) In an experimental model of AD, Que enhanced cognitive function by decreasing A1-4, antioxidant activity, and Nrf2 levels in the brain. CONCLUSION We discuss recent research on Que-mediated Nrf2 expression in the management of several NLDs in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodarahmi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Athemar M R Alwan
- Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Doctorate in Psychology, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Munther Abosaooda
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Anoush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Czigle S, Nagy M, Mladěnka P, Tóth J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions-part I. Herbal medicines of the central nervous system. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16149. [PMID: 38025741 PMCID: PMC10656908 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike conventional drug substances, herbal medicines are composed of a complex of biologically active compounds. Therefore, the potential occurrence of herb-drug interactions is even more probable than for drug-drug interactions. Interactions can occur on both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic level. Herbal medicines may affect the resulting efficacy of the concomitantly used (synthetic) drugs, mainly on the pharmacokinetic level, by changing their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Studies on the pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicines and conventional drugs are still very limited. This interaction level is related to the mechanism of action of different plant constituents. Herb-drug interactions can cause changes in drug levels and activities and lead to therapeutic failure and/or side effects (sometimes toxicities, even fatal). This review aims to provide a summary of recent information on the potential drug interactions involving commonly used herbal medicines that affect the central nervous system (Camellia, Valeriana, Ginkgo, Hypericum, Humulus, Cannabis) and conventional drugs. The survey databases were used to identify primary scientific publications, case reports, and secondary databases on interactions were used later on as well. Search keywords were based on plant names (botanical genera), officinal herbal drugs, herbal drug preparations, herbal drug extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - the OEMONOM.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Bhoi A, Dwivedi SD, Singh D, Keshavkant S, Singh MR. Mechanistic prospective and pharmacological attributes of quercetin in attenuation of different types of arthritis. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:362. [PMID: 37840879 PMCID: PMC10570262 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthritis is a frequent autoimmune disease with undefined etiology and pathogenesis. Scientific community constantly fascinating quercetin (QUR), as it is the best-known flavonoid among others for curative and preventive properties against a wide range of diseases. Due to its multifaceted activities, the implementation of QUR against various types of arthritis namely, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), gouty arthritis (GA) and psoriotic arthritis (PsA) has greatly increased in recent years. Many research evidenced that QUR regulates a wide range of pathways for instance NF-κB, MAK, Wnt/β-catenine, Notch, etc., that are majorly associated with the inflammatory mechanisms. Besides, the bioavailability of QUR is a major constrain to its therapeutic potential, and drug delivery techniques have experienced significant development to overcome the problem of its limited application. Hence, this review compiled the cutting-edge experiments on versatile effects of QUR on inflammatory diseases like RA, OA, GA and PsA, sources and bioavailability, therapeutic challenges, pharmacokinetics, clinical studies as well as toxicological impacts. The use of QUR in a health context would offer a tearing and potential therapeutic method, supporting the advancement of public health, particularly, of arthritic patients worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bhoi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010 India
| | - Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010 India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010 India
| | - S. Keshavkant
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010 India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010 India
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Olla S, Siguri C, Fais A, Era B, Fantini MC, Di Petrillo A. Inhibitory Effect of Quercetin on Oxidative Endogen Enzymes: A Focus on Putative Binding Modes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15391. [PMID: 37895071 PMCID: PMC10607112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the body to neutralize them by anti-oxidant defense systems. Cells can produce ROS during physiological processes, but excessive ROS can lead to non-specific and irreversible damage to biological molecules, such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. Mitochondria mainly produce endogenous ROS during both physiological and pathological conditions. Enzymes like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), xanthine oxidase (XO), lipoxygenase (LOX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) contribute to this process. The body has enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems to neutralize ROS. The intake of bioactive phenols, like quercetin (Que), can protect against pro-oxidative damage by quenching ROS through a non-enzymatic system. In this study, we evaluate the ability of Que to target endogenous oxidant enzymes involved in ROS production and explore the mechanisms of action underlying its anti-oxidant properties. Que can act as a free radical scavenger by donating electrons through the negative charges in its phenolic and ketone groups. Additionally, it can effectively inhibit the activity of several endogenous oxidative enzymes by binding them with high affinity and specificity. Que had the best molecular docking results with XO, followed by MAO-A, 5-LOX, NOX, and MPO. Que's binding to these enzymes was confirmed by subsequent molecular dynamics, revealing different stability phases depending on the enzyme bound. The 500 ns simulation showed a net evolution of binding for NOX and MPO. These findings suggest that Que has potential as a natural therapy for diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Olla
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Chiara Siguri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (A.F.); (B.E.)
| | - Benedetta Era
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (A.F.); (B.E.)
| | - Massimo Claudio Fantini
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Amalia Di Petrillo
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
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Ipe RS, Kumar S, Benny F, Jayan J, Manoharan A, Sudevan ST, George G, Gahtori P, Kim H, Mathew B. A Concise Review of the Recent Structural Explorations of Chromones as MAO-B Inhibitors: Update from 2017 to 2023. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1310. [PMID: 37765118 PMCID: PMC10534638 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are a family of flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidative deamination of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous amines. Multiple neurological conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are closely correlated with altered biogenic amine concentrations in the brain caused by MAO. Toxic byproducts of this oxidative breakdown, including hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxygen species, and ammonia, can cause oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in brain cells. Certain MAO-B blockers have been recognized as effective treatment options for managing neurological conditions, including AD and PD. There is still a pressing need to find potent therapeutic molecules to fight these disorders. However, the focus of neurodegeneration studies has recently increased, and certain compounds are now in clinical trials. Chromones are promising structures for developing therapeutic compounds, especially in neuronal degeneration. This review focuses on the MAO-B inhibitory potential of several synthesized chromones and their structural activity relationships. Concerning the discovery of a novel class of effective chromone-based selective MAO-B-inhibiting agents, this review offers readers a better understanding of the most recent additions to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Susan Ipe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Jayalakshmi Jayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Amritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Sachitra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Ginson George
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Prashant Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India;
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India; (R.S.I.); (S.K.); (F.B.); (J.J.); (A.M.); (S.T.S.); (G.G.)
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Kladar N, Božin B, Bijelić K, Bogavac M, Karaman M, Srđenović Čonić B, Rat M, Anačkov G. Biological Activity of Genus Hypericum Sect. Hypericum Species- H. tetrapterum, H. maculatum subsp. immaculatum, H. triquetrifolium. Molecules 2023; 28:6218. [PMID: 37687046 PMCID: PMC10488818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum, Hypericaceae) has long been used in traditional medicine as a potent remedy, while many other species of this genus have not been thoroughly investigated. The study aimed to detect the biological activity, including antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, anticholinergic, antimicrobial and monoaminoxidase inhibitory potential, of water-alcoholic extracts of three species autochthonous for Serbia and Greece from plant genus Hypericum (section Hypericum-H. tetrapterum, H. maculatum ssp. immaculatum and H. triquetrifolium), followed by phytochemical profiling. The highest amount of phenolics was recorded in H. maculatum subsp. immaculatum extract, while the highest abundance of flavonoids was characteristic of H. tetrapterum extract. Hypericin and hyperforin, quercetin, and its flavonoid, rutin, were present in all of the evaluated species. The evaluated species were good scavengers of DPPH, OH and NO radicals, as well as potent reducers of ferric ions in FRAP assay. Furthermore, the evaluated species were shown as potent inhibitors of monoaminoxidase A and α-glucosidase and modest inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, monoaminoxidase B and α-amylase. No anti-Candida activity was recorded, but the extracts were effective against MRSA Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp., as well as against Proteus mirabilis. The obtained results strongly highlight the need for further in vivo studies in order to better define the potential of the medicinal application of the studied species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojša Kladar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Biljana Božin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Katarina Bijelić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Bogavac
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja Karaman
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branislava Srđenović Čonić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milica Rat
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Goran Anačkov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Álvarez SA, Rocha-Guzmán NE, Sánchez-Burgos JA, Gallegos-Infante JA, Moreno-Jiménez MR, González-Laredo RF, Solís-González S. Analysis of Antioxidant Constituents of Filtering Infusions from Oak ( Quercus sideroxyla Bonpl. and Quercus eduardii Trel.) and Yerbaniz ( Tagetes lucida (Sweet) Voss) as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5167. [PMID: 37446829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant constituents of ancestral products with ethnobotanical backgrounds are candidates for the study of filtering infusions to aid in pharmacotherapies focused on the treatment of depression and anxiety. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is an enzyme that regulates the metabolic breakdown of serotonin and noradrenaline in the nervous system. The goal of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in silico the effect of antioxidant constituents of filtering infusions from yerbaniz (Tagetes lucida (Sweet) Voss) and oak (Quercus sideroxyla Bonpl. and Quercus eduardii Trel.) as monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Materials were dried, ground, and mixed according to a simplex-centroid mixture design for obtaining infusions. Differential analysis of the phenolic constituent's ratio in the different infusions indicates that among the main compounds contributing to MAO-A inhibition are the gallic, chlorogenic, quinic, and shikimic acids, quercetin glucuronide and some glycosylated derivatives of ellagic acid and ellagic acid methyl ether. Infusions of Q. sideroxyla Bonpl. leaves, because of their content (99.45 ± 5.17 µg/mg) and synergy between these constituents for MAO-A inhibition (52.82 ± 3.20%), have the potential to treat depression and anxiety. Therefore, future studies with pharmacological approaches are needed to validate them as therapeutic agents with applications in mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Alberto Álvarez
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Nuria Elizabeth Rocha-Guzmán
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Jorge Alberto Sánchez-Burgos
- Postgraduate Program in Food Sciences, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Avenida Tecnológico, Número 2595, Colonia Lagos del Country, Tepic 63175, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Gallegos-Infante
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Martha Rocío Moreno-Jiménez
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Rubén Francisco González-Laredo
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Santiago Solís-González
- TecNM/I.T. El Salto, Calle Tecnológico # 101, Col. La Forestal, El Salto 34942, P.N. Durango, Mexico
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Rullo M, La Spada G, Miniero DV, Gottinger A, Catto M, Delre P, Mastromarino M, Latronico T, Marchese S, Mangiatordi GF, Binda C, Linusson A, Liuzzi GM, Pisani L. Bioisosteric replacement based on 1,2,4-oxadiazoles in the discovery of 1H-indazole-bearing neuroprotective MAO B inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 255:115352. [PMID: 37178666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Following a hybridization strategy, a series of 5-substituted-1H-indazoles were designed and evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) A and B. Among structural modifications, the bioisostere-based introduction of 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring returned the most potent and selective human MAO B inhibitor (compound 20, IC50 = 52 nM, SI > 192). The most promising inhibitors were studied in cell-based neuroprotection models of SH-SY5Y and astrocytes line against H2O2. Moreover, preliminary drug-like features (aqueous solubility at pH 7.4; hydrolytic stability at acidic and neutral pH) were assessed for selected 1,2,4-oxadiazoles and compared to amide analogues through RP-HPLC methods. Molecular docking simulations highlighted the crucial role of molecular flexibility in providing a better shape complementarity for compound 20 within MAO B enzymatic cleft than rigid analogue 18. Enzymatic kinetics analysis along with thermal stability curves (Tm shift = +2.9 °C) provided clues of a tight-binding mechanism for hMAO B inhibition by 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Rullo
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella La Spada
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Gottinger
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Mastromarino
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Sara Marchese
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Binda
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Linusson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Oršolić N, Karlović D, Peitl V. Flavonols in Action: Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086888. [PMID: 37108052 PMCID: PMC10138550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses that highly impairs quality of life. Pharmacological interventions are mainly focused on altered monoamine neurotransmission, which is considered the primary event underlying the disease's etiology. However, many other neuropathological mechanisms that contribute to the disease's progression and clinical symptoms have been identified. These include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, hippocampal atrophy, reduced synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, the depletion of neurotrophic factors, and the dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Current therapeutic options are often unsatisfactory and associated with adverse effects. This review highlights the most relevant findings concerning the role of flavonols, a ubiquitous class of flavonoids in the human diet, as potential antidepressant agents. In general, flavonols are considered to be both an effective and safe therapeutic option in the management of depression, which is largely based on their prominent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, preclinical studies have provided evidence that they are capable of restoring the neuroendocrine control of the HPA axis, promoting neurogenesis, and alleviating depressive-like behavior. Although these findings are promising, they are still far from being implemented in clinical practice. Hence, further studies are needed to more comprehensively evaluate the potential of flavonols with respect to the improvement of clinical signs of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Neurotherapeutic Effects of Quercetin and Its Metabolite Compounds on Cognitive Impairment and Parkinson's Disease: An In Silico Study. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:151-169. [PMID: 36848007 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00816-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Little is known about the metabolomic profile of quercetin and its biological effects. This study aimed to determine the biological activities of quercetin and its metabolite products, as well as the molecular mechanisms of quercetin in cognitive impairment (CI) and Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Key methods used were MetaTox, PASS Online, ADMETlab 2.0, SwissADME, CTD MicroRNA MIENTURNE, AutoDock, and Cytoscape. RESULTS A total of 28 quercetin metabolite compounds were identified by phase I reactions (hydroxylation and hydrogenation reactions) and phase II reactions (methylation, O-glucuronidation, and O-sulfation reactions). Quercetin and its metabolites were found to inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A, CYP1A1, and CYP1A2. The studied compounds demonstrated significant gastrointestinal absorption and satisfied Lipinsky's criterion. Due to their high blood-brain barrier permeability, P-glycoprotein inhibition, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant capabilities, quercetin and its metabolite products have been proposed as promising molecular targets for the therapy of CI and PD. By regulating the expression of crucial signaling pathways [mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and neuroinflammation and glutamatergic signaling], genes [brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), human insulin gene (INS), and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-26b-5p, hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-203a-3p, and hsa-miR-335-5p], and transcription factors [specificity protein 1 (SP1), v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (RELA), and nuclear factor Kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1)], quercetin exhibited its neurotherapeutic effects in CI and PD. In addition to inhibiting β-N-acetylhexosaminidase, quercetin also showed robust interactions and binding affinities with heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), INS, DRD2, and γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAa). CONCLUSION This study identified 28 quercetin metabolite products. The metabolites have similar characteristics to quercetin such as physicochemical properties, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), and biological activities. More research, especially clinical trials, is needed to find out how quercetin and its metabolites protect against CI and PD.
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Alcohol-Induced Headache with Neuroinflammation: Recent Progress. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol and other congeners in alcoholic beverages and foods are known triggers of alcohol-induced headaches (AIHs). Recent studies implicate AIHs as an important underlying factor for neuroinflammation. Studies show the relationship between alcoholic beverages, AIH agents, neuroinflammation, and the pathway they elicit. However, studies elucidating specific AIH agents’ pathways are scarce. Works reviewing their pathways can give invaluable insights into specific substances’ patterns and how they can be controlled. Hence, we reviewed the current understanding of how AIH agents in alcoholic beverages affect neuroinflammation and their specific roles. Ethanol upregulates transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression levels; both receptors trigger a neuroinflammation response that promotes AIH manifestation—the most common cause of AIHs. Other congeners such as histamine, 5-HT, and condensed tannins also upregulate TRPV1 and TLR4, neuroinflammatory conditions, and AIHs. Data elucidating AIH agents, associating pathways, and fermentation parameters can help reduce or eliminate AIH inducers and create healthier beverages.
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Bellavite P. Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020280. [PMID: 36829840 PMCID: PMC9951959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract these pathologies has increased rapidly over the last two decades. In this paper, studies on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids (especially the two most widely used, hesperidin and quercetin) on animal models of depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease are reviewed. The literature on these topics amounts to a few hundred publications on in vitro and in vivo models (notably in rodents) and provides us with a very detailed picture of the action mechanisms and targets of these substances. These include the decrease in enzymes that produce reactive oxygen and ferroptosis, the inhibition of mono-amine oxidases, the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE system, the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, in the case of AD, the prevention of amyloid-beta aggregation. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes has been documented as a decrease in cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) by microglia and astrocytes, by modulating a number of regulatory proteins such as Nf-kB and NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials on humans are still scarce, preclinical studies allow us to consider hesperidin, quercetin, and other flavonoids as very interesting and safe dietary molecules to be further investigated as complementary treatments in order to prevent neurodegenerative diseases or to moderate their deleterious effects.
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Chen CH, Wu BJ. Monoamine oxidase A: An emerging therapeutic target in prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1137050. [PMID: 36860320 PMCID: PMC9968829 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1137050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), a mitochondrial enzyme degrading biogenic and dietary amines, has been studied in the contexts of neuropsychiatry and neurological disorders for decades, but its importance in oncology, as best exemplified in prostate cancer (PC) to date, was only realized recently. PC is the most commonly diagnosed non-skin cancer and the second deadliest malignancy for men in the United States. In PC, the increased expression level of MAOA is correlated with dedifferentiated tissue microarchitecture and a worse prognosis. A wealth of literature has demonstrated that MAOA promotes growth, metastasis, stemness and therapy resistance in PC, mainly by increasing oxidative stress, augmenting hypoxia, inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and activating the downstream principal transcription factor Twist1-dictated multiple context-dependent signaling cascades. Cancer-cell-derived MAOA also enables cancer-stromal cell interaction involving bone stromal cells and nerve cells by secretion of Hedgehog and class 3 semaphorin molecules respectively to modulate the tumor microenvironment in favor of invasion and metastasis. Further, MAOA in prostate stromal cells promotes PC tumorigenesis and stemness. Current studies suggest that MAOA functions in PC in both cell autonomous and non-autonomous manners. Importantly, clinically available monoamine oxidase inhibitors have shown promising results against PC in preclinical models and clinical trials, providing a great opportunity to repurpose them as a PC therapy. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of MAOA roles and mechanisms in PC, present several MAOA-targeted strategies that have been nominated for treating PC, and discuss the unknowns of MAOA function and targeting in PC for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Boyang Jason Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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Khizrieva SS, Borisenko SN, Maksimenko EV, Zharkova GV, Borisenko NI, Minkin VI. Evaluation of the Polyphenol Composition and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extracts Produced in Subcritical Water. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793122070090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Gu X, Zhang G, Wang Q, Song J, Li Y, Xia C, Zhang T, Yang L, Sun J, Zhou M. Integrated network pharmacology and hepatic metabolomics to reveal the mechanism of Acanthopanax senticosus against major depressive disorder. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:900637. [PMID: 35990602 PMCID: PMC9389016 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.900637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms (ASH) is a traditional herbal medicine widely known for its antifatigue and antistress effects, as well as tonifying qi, invigorating spleen and kidney, and tranquilizing the mind. Recent evidence suggests that ASH has a therapeutic effect on major depressive disorder (MDD), but its mechanism is still unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ASH on MDD and potential therapeutic mechanisms. Materials and Methods: The chemical compound potential target network was predicted based on network pharmacology. Simultaneously, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model mice were orally administrated ASH with three dosages (400, 200, and 100 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, and hepatic metabolomics based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was carried out to identify differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways. Next, the integrated analysis of metabolomics and network pharmacology was applied to find the key target. Finally, molecular docking technology was employed to define the combination of the key target and the corresponding compounds. Results: A total of 13 metabolites and four related metabolic pathways were found in metabolomics analysis. From the combined analysis of network pharmacology and metabolomics, six targets (DAO, MAOA, MAOB, GAA, HK1, and PYGM) are the overlapping targets and two metabolic pathways (glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism) are the most related pathways. Finally, DAO, MAOA, MAOB, GAA, HK1, and PYGM were verified bounding well to their corresponding compounds including isofraxidin, eleutheroside B1, eleutheroside C, quercetin, kaempferol, and acacetin. Conclusion: Based on these results, it was implied that the potential mechanism of ASH on MDD was related to the regulation of metabolism of several excitatory amino acids and carbohydrates, as well as the expression of DAO, MAOA, MAOB, GAA, HK1, and PYGM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Song
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyi Xia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijia Sun
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jijia Sun, ; Mingmei Zhou,
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jijia Sun, ; Mingmei Zhou,
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Zhang L, Ma J, Yang F, Li S, Ma W, Chang X, Yang L. Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin on Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854249. [PMID: 35662707 PMCID: PMC9158527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high recurrence and disability; however, its therapies are very limited. As one of the effective methods of treating acute attacks of IS, intravenous thrombolysis has a clear time window. Quercetin, a flavonoid widely found in vegetables and fruits, inhibits immune cells from secreting inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing platelet aggregation and limiting inflammatory thrombosis. In pre-clinical studies, it has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with ischemic brain injury. However, its specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Therefore, this review aims to use published data to elucidate the potential value of quercetin in patients with ischemic brain injury. This article also reviews the plant sources, pharmacological effects, and metabolic processes of quercetin in vivo, thus focusing on its mechanism in inhibiting immune cell activation and inflammatory thrombosis as well as promoting neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingying Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sishi Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wangran Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiang Chang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
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22
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Chen S, Tang Y, Gao Y, Nie K, Wang H, Su H, Wang Z, Lu F, Huang W, Dong H. Antidepressant Potential of Quercetin and its Glycoside Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review and Update. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:865376. [PMID: 35462940 PMCID: PMC9024056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a global health problem with growing prevalence rates and serious impacts on the daily life of patients. However, the side effects of currently used antidepressants greatly reduce the compliance of patients. Quercetin is a flavonol present in fruits, vegetables, and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been proved to have various pharmacological effects such as anti-depressant, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. This review summarizes the evidence for the pharmacological application of quercetin to treat depression. We clarified the mechanisms of quercetin regulating the levels of neurotransmitters, promoting the regeneration of hippocampal neurons, improving hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, and reducing inflammatory states and anti-oxidative stress. We also summarized the antidepressant effects of some quercetin glycoside derivatives to provide a reference for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Grade 2017 of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenya Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Dong,
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23
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In silico study to identify new monoamine oxidase type a (MAO-A) selective inhibitors from natural source by virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Madhav H, Jameel E, Rehan M, Hoda N. Recent advancements in chromone as a privileged scaffold towards the development of small molecules for neurodegenerative therapeutics. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:258-279. [PMID: 35434628 PMCID: PMC8942243 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, involve progressive degeneration of the central nervous system, resulting in memory loss and cognitive impairment. The intensification of neurodegenerative research in recent years put some molecules into clinical trials, but still there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic molecules to combat these diseases. Chromone is a well-identified privileged structure for the design of well-diversified therapeutic molecules of potential pharmacological interest, particularly in the field of neurodegeneration. In this short review, we focused on the recent advancements and developments of chromones for neurodegenerative therapeutics. Different small molecules were reviewed as multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) with potential inhibition of AChE, BuChE, MAO-A, MAO-B, Aβ plaque formation and aggregation. Recently developed MTDLs emphasized that the chromone scaffold has the potential to develop new molecules for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Madhav
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi110025India
| | - Ehtesham Jameel
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPR China
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- Max-Planck-Institute für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227 DortmundGermany
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi110025India
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25
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Synthesis, theoretical and experimental spectroscopic properties, molecular docking, ADMET, and RDG analysis of copper(II) complex of dichloro(1,10-phenanthroline)(1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxcylic acid). CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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26
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Chen F, Sun J, Chen C, Zhang Y, Zou L, Zhang Z, Chen M, Wu H, Tian W, Liu Y, Xu Y, Luo H, Zhu M, Yu J, Wang Q, Wang K. Quercetin Mitigates Methamphetamine-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior Through Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:829886. [PMID: 35295707 PMCID: PMC8919775 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.829886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) abuse results in neurotoxic outcomes, including increased anxiety and depression. Studies have reported an association between MA exposure and anxiety, nonetheless, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we developed a mouse model of anxiety-like behavior induced by MA administration. RNA-seq was then performed to profile the gene expression patterns of hippocampus (HIPP), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in signaling pathways related to psychiatric disorders and mitochondrial function. Based on these, mitochondria was hypothesized to be involved in MA-induced anxiety. Quercetin, as a mitochondrial protector, was used to investigate whether to be a potential treatment for MA-induced anxiety; accordingly, it alleviated anxiety-like behavior and improved mitochondrial impairment in vivo. Further experiments in vitro suggested that quercetin alleviated the dysfunction and morphological abnormalities of mitochondria induced by MA, via decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increasing the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production. Moreover, the study examined the effect of quercetin on astrocytes activation and neuroinflammation, and the results indicated that it significantly attenuated the activation of astrocytes and reduced the levels of IL-1β, TNFα but not IL-6. In light of these findings, quantitative evidence is presented in the study supporting the view that MA can evoke anxiety-like behavior via the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. Quercetin exerted antipsychotic activity through modulation of mitochondrial function and neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential for further therapeutic development in MA-induced anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengrong Chen
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaxue Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Center for Experimental Studies and Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Organ Transplant, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The School of Foreign Languages, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huayou Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juehua Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Center for Experimental Studies and Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tianhua College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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27
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Ahmed AF, Wen ZH, Bakheit AH, Basudan OA, Ghabbour HA, Al-Ahmari A, Feng CW. A Major Diplotaxis harra-Derived Bioflavonoid Glycoside as a Protective Agent against Chemically Induced Neurotoxicity and Parkinson's Models; In Silico Target Prediction; and Biphasic HPTLC-Based Quantification. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050648. [PMID: 35270118 PMCID: PMC8912516 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation have a role in developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and inflammatory movement disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis that affect millions of populations. In searching for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules from natural sources that can counteract neurodegenerative diseases and arthritis, the flavonoid-rich extract of Diplotaxis harra (DHE) was selected based on its in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. DHE could inhibit the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 100% to the level of 28.51 ± 18.67 and 30.19 ± 5.00% at 20 μg/mL, respectively. A TLC bioautography of DHE fractions using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) led to the isolation of a major antioxidant compound which was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis as isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (IR3G). IR3G also exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory activity, particularly by suppressing the upregulation of iNOS expression, similar to that of dexamethasone (DEX) at 10 μM to the level of 35.96 ± 7.80 and 29.34 ± 6.34%, respectively. Moreover, IR3G displayed a strong neuroprotectivity (>60% at 1.0−4−1.0−3 μM) against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-challenged SHSY5Y neuroblastoma, an in vitro model of dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson’s disease (PD) research. Accordingly, the in vivo anti-Parkinson potentiality was evaluated, where it was found that IR3G successfully reversed the 6-OHDA-induced locomotor deficit in a zebrafish model. A study of molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation of IR3G and its aglycone isorhamnetin (IR) against human acetylcholine esterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), and Polo-like kinase-2 (PLK2) was performed and further outlined a putative mechanism in modulating neurodegenerative diseases such as PD. The free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory through anti-iNOS and anti-COX-2 expression, and neuroprotective activities assessed in this study would present partial evidence for the potentiality of D. harra-derived IR3G as a promising natural therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory arthritis. Finally, a biphasic HPTLC method was developed to estimate the biomarker IR3G in D. harra quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atallah F. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.B.); (A.A.-A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Ahmed H. Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omer A. Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.B.); (A.A.-A.)
| | - Hazem A. Ghabbour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Abdullah Al-Ahmari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.B.); (A.A.-A.)
| | - Chien-Wei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
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28
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Marzo CM, Gambini S, Poletti S, Munari F, Assfalg M, Guzzo F. Inhibition of Human Monoamine Oxidases A and B by Specialized Metabolites Present in Fresh Common Fruits and Vegetables. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030346. [PMID: 35161329 PMCID: PMC8838583 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diets rich in fruits and vegetables are associated with better psychological wellbeing and cognitive functions, although it is unclear which molecules and mechanisms are involved. One potential explanation is the inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs), which have been linked to several neurological disorders. The present study investigated the ability of kiwifruit to inhibit MAO-A and MAO-B, refining an in vitro assay to avoid confounding effects. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to select individual kiwifruit metabolites for further analysis. Moreover, extracts of other common fruits and vegetables were screened to identify promising candidate inhibitors. Multiple extracts and compounds inhibited both enzymes, and the selective inhibition of MAO-B by the major kiwifruit specialized metabolite D-(−)-quinic acid was observed. These results suggest that fruits and vegetables contain metabolites that inhibit the activity of MAO-A and -B, offering a potential natural option for the treatment of neurological disorders, in which MAOs are involved.
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29
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López V, Cásedas G, Petersen-Ross K, Powrie Y, Smith C. Neuroprotective and anxiolytic potential of green rooibos ( Aspalathus linearis) polyphenolic extract. Food Funct 2022; 13:91-101. [PMID: 34877951 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
South African rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) tea is globally consumed for its health benefits and caffeine free nature, but no information is available on the neuroprotective capacity of (unfermented) green rooibos. Our aim was to investigate the cytoprotective activity of green rooibos in neuronal cells, including probing antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties that could explain observed effects in these cells. We also investigated the anxiolytic potential of green rooibos using zebrafish larval models. Green rooibos extract (Green oxithin™) was assessed for its neuroprotective potential in Neuro-2a cells treated with different concentrations of the extract (12.5-25-50-100 μg mL-1) and different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (250 or 125 μM) as oxidizing agent. Cell viability (MTT) and redox status (intracellular ROS) were also quantified in these cells. Antioxidant properties of the extract were quantified using cell-free systems (DPPH, ORAC and xanthine/xanthine oxidase), and potential neuroprotection evaluated in terms of its potential to inhibit key enzymes of the CNS (monoamine oxidase A (MOA-A), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and tyrosinase (TYR)). Results demonstrated that green rooibos extract exerted significant cytoprotective properties in Neuro-2a cells, particularly when exposed to lethal 250 μM hydrogen peroxide, increasing cell survival by more than 100%. This may be ascribed (at least partially) to its capacity to limit intracellular ROS accumulation in these cells. Data from cell-free systems confirmed that green rooibos was able to scavenge free radicals (synthetic and physiological) in a dose dependent manner with a similar profile activity to vitamins C and E. Green rooibos also acted as a moderate MAO-A inhibitor, but had no significant effect on AChE or TYR. Finally, zebrafish larvae treated with lower doses of green rooibos demonstrated a significant anxiolytic effect in the light-dark anxiety model. Using the PTZ excitotoxicity model, green rooibos was shown to rescue GABA receptor signalling, which together with its demonstrated inhibition of MAO-A, may account for the anxiolytic outcome. Current data confirms that green rooibos could be considered a "functional brain food" and may be a good option as starting ingredient in the development of new nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guillermo Cásedas
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kelly Petersen-Ross
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Yigael Powrie
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Carine Smith
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
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30
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Ekong MB, Iniodu CF. Nutritional therapy can reduce the burden of depression management in low income countries: A review. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 11:15-28. [PMID: 34939062 PMCID: PMC8664701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental and mood disorder with global health and economic burden. This burden may be overwhelming in low income countries, although there are insufficient data. Most antidepressant formulations are predicated on the monoamine, neuroendocrine and neuro-inflammation hypotheses, with little or no cognizance to other neurochemicals altered in depression. A nutritional strategy with or without conventional antidepressants is recommended, as nutrition plays vital roles in the onset, severity and duration of depression, with poor nutrition contributing to its pathogenesis. This review discusses nutritional potentials of utilizing omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, minerals and herbs or their phytochemicals in the management of depression with the aim of reducing depression burden. Literature search of empirical data in books and journals in data bases including but not limited to PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar that might contain discussions of sampling were sought, their full text obtained, and searched for relevant content to determine eligibility. Omega-3 fatty and amino acids had significant positive anti-depression outcomes, while vitamins and minerals although essential, enhanced omega-3 fatty and amino acids activities. Some herbs either as whole extracts or their phytochemicals/metabolites had significant positive anti-depression efficacy. Nutrition through the application of necessary food classes or herbs as well as their phytochemicals, may go a long way to effectively manage depression. This therefore will provide inexpensive, natural, and non-invasive therapeutic means with reduced adverse effects that can also be applied alongside clinical management. This nutritional strategy should be given more attention in research, assessment and treatment for those with depression and other mental illness in low income countries, especially in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses B Ekong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Clementina F Iniodu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
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31
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Ramadan S, Sabry MM, Saad MA, Angeloni S, Sabry OM, Caprioli G, El Zalabani SM. Dismantling Parkinson's disease with herbs: MAO-B inhibitory activity and quantification of chemical constituents using HPLC-MS/MS of Egyptian local market plants. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5766-5771. [PMID: 34894897 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2013836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Withania somnifera, Angelica sinensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Simmondsia chinensis were acquired from the Egyptian market, profiled for their chemical constituents, screened for the in-vitro MAO-B inhibitory activity and evaluated for the total phenolic content. Thirty compounds were characterized in the selected herbs using HPLC-MS/MS. In-vitro MAO-B inhibitory activity and total phenolic content of the acquired herbs were compared with those of a prepared herbal formula consisting of a mixture of equal amounts of the four mentioned herbs. The most potent MAO-B inhibitory activity was exerted by the methanol extract of the prepared formula (IC50 of 712.19 ± 13.90 ng/mL) compared to selegiline (IC50 of 581.69 ± 11.35 ng/mL). The highest value of the total phenolic content was shown by Angelica sinensis methanolic extract (76.15 ± 0.1 mg/g) followed by Glycyrrhiza glabra methanolic extract (65.74 ± 0.1 mg/g), then the mixture's methanolic extract of the four herbs (37.04 ± 0.1 mg/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammed A Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,School of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Simone Angeloni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,RICH - Research and Innovation Coffee Hub, Macerata, Italy
| | - Omar M Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Soheir M El Zalabani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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32
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Guan Y, Wang J, Wu X, Song L, Wang Y, Gong M, Li B. Quercetin reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behavior in vivo by involving nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2. Brain Res 2021; 1772:147661. [PMID: 34529966 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid compound rich in many natural plants with a wide range of pharmacological effects and nutritional value. Although previous studies have initially shown the antidepressant effect of quercetin in some models. However, the exact mechanism of the antidepressant effect of quercetin on the depression model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is still unclear or has not been clearly elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of quercetin in vivo on a CUMS-induced depression model that is closest to human depression, and to explore its mechanism of action around nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related signaling pathways, for the first time. Our results demonstrated that CUMS for 21 consecutive days caused significant decreases in the sucrose preference, and the horizontal score and vertical score in the open field test of mice respectively by 22.6%, 34.4%, and 66.6% (all P < 0.01), and a significant increase in the immobility time during the forced swimming test by 110.5% (P < 0.01), but fortunately, after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 26.2%, 40.1%, 152.7%, 43.5% (all P < 0.01). Further western blot analysis showed that CUMS caused the phosphorylation or expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins in the hippocampus of mice to significantly down-regulate by 60.0%, 72.1%, 90.0% and 50.1% (all P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of these proteins were significantly up-regulated by 85.8%, 182.0%, 325.1% and 60.3% (all P < 0.01). In addition, CUMS also caused significant reduction in the levels of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s transferase (GST) in the mice hippocampus by 51.3%, 40.3% (both P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 69.2% and 49.5% (both P < 0.01), as well as significant elevation in the levels of lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA), inflammation medium nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by 156.4%, 255.4% and 72.7% (all P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 45.9%, 26.8% and 55.2% (all P < 0.01). The medium dose of quercetin (20 mg/kg) only reversed some of the above indicators, while the low dose of quercetin (10 mg/kg) had no reversal effect on the above indicators. Collectively, the present study confirmed for the first time that quercetin weakened CUMS-induced depression in vivo, and its mechanism was at least partially attributable to the upregulation of hippocampal Nrf2 and the inhibition of iNOS, thereby correcting the central inflammatory response, and the imbalance between oxidation and antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Junming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lingling Song
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mingzhu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bingyin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Osmaniye D, Alaşan R, Sağlık BN, Levent S, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Novel thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives including piperazine ring: synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular docking as selective MAO-A inhibitor. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 77:167-175. [PMID: 34674410 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
MAO-A inhibitors are used in the treatment of depression. There are many studies showing that the thiazolyl-hydrazone structure is a pharmacophore structure for the MAO enzyme. In previous studies by our team, activity studies were carried out with thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives containing pyrrolidine, morpholine, and piperazine. All of them were displayed MAO-A selective inhibition profile. Additionally, derivatives containing piperazine ring were most active. For this purpose, thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives containing piperazine were synthesized, but this time an active group, formyl group, was added to the piperazine ring as a substituent. Based on this view, new thiazolyl-hydrazone compounds were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their hMAO-A and hMAO-B inhibitory activity by an in vitro fluorometric method. The structure of the compound was tried to be fully elucidated using 2D NMR technique. The compound including 2,4-dimethyl substituent (3i) were found to be the most effective agents in the series against MAO-A enzyme with the IC50 value of 0.080 ± 0.003 µM. The docking study of compound 3i revealed that there is a strong interaction between the active sites of hMAO-A and analyzed compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Alaşan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir26470, Turkey
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34
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Gan J, Luo N, Wu C, Wan X, Wang C. Efficient Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3,2‐
de
] [1,6]naphthyridine Derivatives via Pseudo Four‐Component Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Street Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Naili Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Street Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Street Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Street Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Street Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
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35
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Storz MA. Lifestyle Adjustments in Long-COVID Management: Potential Benefits of Plant-Based Diets. Curr Nutr Rep 2021; 10:352-363. [PMID: 34506003 PMCID: PMC8429479 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-021-00369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The SARS-CoV-2-pandemic has caused mortality and morbidity at an unprecedented global scale. Many patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 continue to experience symptoms after the acute phase of infection and report fatigue, sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depression as well as arthralgia and muscle weakness. Summarized under the umbrella term “long-COVID,” these symptoms may last weeks to months and impose a substantial burden on affected individuals. Dietary approaches to tackle these complications have received comparably little attention. Although plant-based diets in particular were shown to exert benefits on underlying conditions linked to poor COVID-19 outcomes, their role with regard to COVID-19 sequelae is yet largely unknown. Thus, this review sought to investigate whether a plant-based diet could reduce the burden of long-COVID. Recent Findings The number of clinical trials investigating the role of plant-based nutrition in COVID-19 prevention and management is currently limited. Yet, there is evidence from pre-pandemic observational and clinical studies that a plant-based diet may be of general benefit with regard to several clinical conditions that can also be found in individuals with COVID-19. These include anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and musculoskeletal pain. Adoption of a plant-based diet leads to a reduced intake in pro-inflammatory mediators and could be one accessible strategy to tackle long-COVID associated prolonged systemic inflammation. Summary Plant-based diets may be of general benefit with regard to some of the most commonly found COVID-19 sequelae. Additional trials investigating which plant-based eating patterns confer the greatest benefit in the battle against long-COVID are urgently warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Centre for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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36
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Mannan A, Singh TG, Singh V, Garg N, Kaur A, Singh M. Insights into the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Neurological Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:286-310. [PMID: 34238153 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210707120256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of monoamines and other proteins. MAO's hyperactivation results in the massive generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and depression-like disorders. Although synthetic MAO inhibitors are clinically available, they are associated with side effects such as hepatotoxicity, cheese reaction, hypertensive crisis, and so on, necessitating the investigation of alternative MAO inhibitors from a natural source with a safe profile. Herbal medications have a significant impact on the prevention of many diseases; additionally, they have fewer side effects and serve as a precursor for drug development. This review discusses the potential of herbal MAO inhibitors as well as their associated mechanism of action, with an aim to foster future research on herbal MAO inhibitors as potential treatment for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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37
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Chamberlain SR, Baldwin DS. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) in Psychiatric Practice: How to Use them Safely and Effectively. CNS Drugs 2021; 35:703-716. [PMID: 34240393 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-021-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were among the first licensed pharmacological treatments for patients with depression but over time have fallen out of mainstream clinical use. This has led to a loss of clinician training opportunities and reduced availability of MAOIs for prescribing. This article provides a concise and practical overview of how to use MAOIs safely and effectively in psychiatric practice. We consider the history of MAOIs, why they are not used more frequently, their mechanisms of action, availability, indications and efficacy, general tolerability, withdrawal symptoms, and safety considerations (including hypertensive reactions and serotonin syndrome). Practical advice is given in terms of dietary restrictions, interactions with other medications (both prescribed and non-prescribed), and how prescribers can stop and switch MAOIs, both within the drug class and outside of it. We also provide advice on choice of MAOI and treatment sequencing. Lastly, we consider emerging directions and potential additional indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Chamberlain
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - David S Baldwin
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- University Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Southampton, College Keep, 4-12 Terminus Terrace, Southampton, SO14 3DT, UK.
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38
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Shen P, Lin W, Deng X, Ba X, Han L, Chen Z, Qin K, Huang Y, Tu S. Potential Implications of Quercetin in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689044. [PMID: 34248976 PMCID: PMC8260830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are a worldwide health problem with growing rates of morbidity, and are characterized by breakdown and dysregulation of the immune system. Although their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear, the application of dietary supplements is gradually increasing in patients with autoimmune diseases, mainly due to their positive effects, relatively safety, and low cost. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid that is widely present in fruits, herbs, and vegetables. It has been shown to have a wide range of beneficial effects and biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and neuroprotection. In several recent studies quercetin has reportedly attenuated rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus in humans or animal models. This review summarizes the evidence for the pharmacological application of quercetin for autoimmune diseases, which supports the view that quercetin may be useful for their prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiji Lin
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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39
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Coêlho CFF, Souza ILS, Chagas VT, Ribeiro NLX, Pinto BAS, França LM, Paes AMDA. Myricetin improves metabolic outcomes but not cognitive deficit associated to metabolic syndrome in male mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:3586-3596. [PMID: 33900338 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00073j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Myricetin is a flavonol highly prevalent in edible vegetables and fruits, with recognized hypoglycemic and anti-obesity effects, besides great antioxidant capacity. Thus, this study sought to investigate whether myricetin is able to improve metabolic and behavioral outcomes found in monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) obese mice, a model of metabolic syndrome characterized by early hyperinsulinemia associated to obesity, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, anxiety and cognitive deficit. Newborn male mice received MSG (4 mg kg-1 day-1, s.c.) on alternate days during the first 10 days of life for obesity induction, while control pups received equimolar saline solution. From postnatal day 90 to 135, MSG mice were orally treated with myricetin (50 mg kg-1 day-1) or distilled water, while control animals received vehicle. During the last week of treatment, all groups were submitted to behavioral tests: open field maze, elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. At the end of treatment, animals were euthanized for collection of liver, serum and adipose tissue fat pads. Myricetin treatment reduced the elevated serum levels of glucose and triglycerides, typically found in MSG mice, as well as restored peripheral insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis. Moreover, myricetin ameliorated the lack of thigmotaxis and exploratory behavior, but did not improve the cognitive deficit presented by MSG mice. Therefore, this study contributes to the pharmacological validation of myricetin as an affordable and healthy therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and most of its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Fernando Ferreira Coêlho
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Ivana Letícia Santos Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Vinicyus Teles Chagas
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil. and Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Nathalee Liberal Xavier Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil. and Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil. and Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil. and Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, 1966, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
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40
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Jalali A, Firouzabadi N, Zarshenas MM. Pharmacogenetic-based management of depression: Role of traditional Persian medicine. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5031-5052. [PMID: 34041799 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide. The genetic factors are linked to depression and anti-depressant outcomes. Traditional Persian medicine (TPM) manuscripts have provided various anti-depressant remedies, which may be useful in depression management. This review has studied the bioactive compounds, underlying mechanisms, and treatment outcomes of the medicinal plants traditionally mentioned effective for depression from "The storehouse of medicament" (a famous pharmacopeia of TPM) to merge those with the novel genetics science and serve new scope in depression prevention and management. This review paper has been conducted in two sections: (1) Collecting medicinal plants and their bioactive components from "The storehouse of medicament," "Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) for Herbal Medicines," and "Google scholar" database. (2) The critical key factors and genes in depression pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment were clarified. Subsequently, the association between bioactive components' underlying mechanism and depression treatment outcomes via considering polymorphisms in related genes was derived. Taken together, α-Mangostin, β-carotene, β-pinene, apigenin, caffeic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, citral, ellagic acid, esculetin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, gentiopicroside, hyperoside, kaempferol, limonene, linalool, lycopene, naringin, protocatechuic acid, quercetin, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, and umbelliferone are suitable for future pharmacogenetics-based studies in the management of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Jalali
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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41
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Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Meet Our Editorial Board Member. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/138955752108210301160735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Grupo de Investigacion en Quimica Medica y Bio-inorganica (QMEDBIN) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Central de Chile,Chile
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42
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Jones DN, Raghanti MA. The role of monoamine oxidase enzymes in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 114:101957. [PMID: 33836221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase enzymes are responsible for the degredation of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the central neurvous system. Although it has been nearly 100 years since they were first described, we are still learning about their role in the healthy brain and how they are altered in various disease states. The present review provides a survey of our current understanding of monoamine oxidases, with a focus on their contributions to neuropsychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disease. Important species differences in monoamine oxidase function and development in the brain are highlighted. Sex-specific monoamine oxidase regulatory mechanisms and their implications for various neurological disorders are also discussed. While our understanding of these critical enzymes has expanded over the last century, gaps exist in our understanding of sex and species differences and the roles monoamine oxidases may play in conditions often comorbid with neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N Jones
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA; Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Mary Ann Raghanti
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA; Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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43
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Shaban NZ, Abd El-Kader SE, Mogahed FAK, El-Kersh MAL, Habashy NH. Synergistic protective effect of Beta vulgaris with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid against lead-induced neurotoxicity in male rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:252. [PMID: 33420282 PMCID: PMC7794226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity is one of the most prevalent causes of human neurotoxicity. The available chelator drugs used now have many adverse effects. So, in this study, the protective role of Beta vulgaris juice (BVJ) on rat neurotoxicity induced by Pb was evaluated and the results were compared with the results of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, as used drug). Additionally, the synergistic effect of BVJ and DMSA against Pb-induced neurotoxicity was assessed. The study focused on the determination of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neurological potential of BVJ (alone, and with DMSA) towards lead-induced neurotoxicity. Also, the characterization of BVJ was studied. The results showed that BVJ contains considerable quantities of polyphenols, triterpenoids, and betalains which play an important role as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. BVJ exhibited a protective effect against neurotoxicity via the reduction of Pb levels in blood and brain. Moreover, BVJ decreased the oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death induced by Pb. Also, BVJ regulated the activities of acetylcholine esterase and monoamine oxidase-A which changed by Pb toxicity. BVJ and DMSA combination displayed a synergistic antineurotoxic effect (combination index ˂ 1). These results were in harmony with brain histopathology. Conclusion: BVJ has a powerful efficacy in the protection from brain toxicity via diminishing Pb in the brain and blood circulation, resulting in the prevention of the oxidative and inflammatory stress. Treatment with BVJ in combination with DMSA revealed a synergistic effect in the reduction of neurotoxicity induced by Pb. Also, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the BVJ lead to the improvement of DMSA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Sara E Abd El-Kader
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Fayed A K Mogahed
- Department of Nucleic Acid Research, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A L El-Kersh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
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44
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Soodi M, Shamsi M, Hajimehdipoor H, Ghazanfari A. Study of monoamine oxidase inhibitory effects of seven Iranian medicinal plant extracts. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_23_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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45
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Agrawal PK, Agrawal C, Blunden G. Quercetin: Antiviral Significance and Possible COVID-19 Integrative Considerations. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20976293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a naturally occurring dietary flavonoid, is well known to ameliorate chronic diseases and aging processes in humans, and its antiviral properties have been investigated in numerous studies. In silico and in vitro studies demonstrated that quercetin can interfere with various stages of the coronavirus entry and replication cycle such as PLpro, 3CLpro, and NTPase/helicase. Due to its pleiotropic activities and lack of systemic toxicity, quercetin and its derivatives may represent target compounds to be tested in future clinical trials to enrich the drug arsenal against coronavirus infections. There is evidence that quercetin in combination with, for example, vitamins C and D, may exert a synergistic antiviral action that may provide either an alternative or additional therapeutic/preventive option due to overlapping antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. This review summarizes the antiviral significance of quercetin and proposes a possible strategy for the effective utilization of natural polyphenols in our daily diet for the prevention of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerald Blunden
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Phenothiazine‐based chalcones as potential dual‐target inhibitors toward cholinesterases (AChE, BuChE) and monoamine oxidases (MAO‐A, MAO‐B). J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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47
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Flavonoids and Mitochondria: Activation of Cytoprotective Pathways? Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133060. [PMID: 32635481 PMCID: PMC7412508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of diverse mechanisms that lead to cytoprotection have been described to date. Perhaps, not surprisingly, the role of mitochondria in these phenomena is notable. In addition to being metabolic centers, due to their role in cell catabolism, ATP synthesis, and biosynthesis these organelles are triggers and/or end-effectors of a large number of signaling pathways. Their role in the regulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species signaling is well documented. In this review, we aim to characterize the prospects of influencing cytoprotective mitochondrial signaling routes by natural substances of plant origin, namely, flavonoids (e.g., flavanones, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanidins, and isoflavones). Flavonoids are a family of widely distributed plant secondary metabolites known for their beneficial effects on human health and are widely applied in traditional medicine. Their pharmacological characteristics include antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties. Here, we focus on presenting mitochondria-mediated cytoprotection against various insults. Thus, the role of flavonoids as antioxidants and modulators of antioxidant cellular response, apoptosis, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and fission and fusion is reported. Finally, an emerging field of flavonoid-mediated changes in the activity of mitochondrial ion channels and their role in cytoprotection is outlined.
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Deng Q, Li XX, Fang Y, Chen X, Xue J. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin as an Antiatherosclerotic Agent in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:5926381. [PMID: 32565865 PMCID: PMC7292974 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5926381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality globally. It causes a huge burden on families and caregivers and high costs for medicine and surgical interventions. Given expensive surgeries and failures of most conventional treatments, medical community tries to find a more cost-effective cure. Thus, attentions have been primarily focused on food or herbs. Quercetin (Qu) extracted from food, a flavonoid component, develops potentials of alternative or complementary medicine in atherosclerosis. Due to the wide range of health benefits, researchers have considered to apply Qu as a natural compound in therapy. This review is aimed to identify the antiatherosclerosis functions of Qu in treating ASCVD such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, effects on endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and blood lipid-lowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Deng
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Xue Li
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Fang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingui Xue
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Oh JM, Lee HS, Baek SC, Lee JP, Jeong GS, Paik MJ, Kim H. Antidepressant-Like Activities of Hispidol and Decursin in Mice and Analysis of Neurotransmitter Monoamines. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1930-1940. [PMID: 32440903 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant activities of hispidol and decursin (both potent monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitors) were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST) in mice, and thereafter, levels of neurotransmitter monoamines and metabolites in brain tissues were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Hispidol (15 mg/kg) caused less or comparable immobility than fluoxetine (15 mg/kg; the positive control) in immobility time, as determined by FST (9.6 vs 32.0 s) and TST (53.1 vs 48.7 s), respectively, and its effects were dose-dependent and significant. Decursin (15 mg/kg) also produced immobility comparable to that of fluoxetine as determined by FST (47.0 vs 43.4 s) and TST (55.6 vs 63.4 s), and its effects were also dose-dependent and significant. LC-MS/MS analysis after FST showed that hispidol (15 mg/kg) greatly increased dopamine (DA) and serotonin levels dose-dependently in brain tissues as compared with the positive control. Decursin (15 mg/kg) dose-dependently increased DA level after TST. Slight changes in norepinephrine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid levels were observed after FST and TST in hispidol- or decursin-treated animals. It was observed that hispidol and decursin were effective and comparable to fluoxetine in immobility tests. These immobility and monoamine level results suggest that hispidol and decursin are potential antidepressant agents for the treatment of depression, and that they act mainly through serotonergic and/or dopaminergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum Seok Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Molecular docking utilising the OliveNet™ library reveals novel phenolic compounds which may potentially target key proteins associated with major depressive disorder. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 86:107234. [PMID: 32220809 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant medications that are currently prescribed to patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) have limitations and as a result, there is an urgent need to increase the options that are available. A number of studies have found that natural polyphenols have neuroprotective properties and there is evidence to suggest that they modulate neurotransmitter systems. There are more than 200 phenolic compounds that have been identified in Olea europaea, many of which have not yet been investigated for their potential biological effects. In this study, in silico methods were used to screen the phenolic library from the OliveNet™ database and identify novel lead compounds for proteins implicated in the pathophysiology of MDD. The molecular docking results revealed that the monoamine oxidase enzyme isoforms (MAO-A/MAO-B) had binding specificities for certain phenolic subclasses. The lead ligands that were identified from these subclasses were positioned near the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor, interacting in a similar manner as known inhibitors. In addition to the MAO enzymes, several phenolic compounds were docked to neurotransmitter transporters and postsynaptic receptors, as well as proteins involved in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the endocannabinoid system. Based on the binding affinity, position, orientation and interactions of the lead phenolic compounds identified in this study, it is predicted that they may have antidepressant properties. The results should be validated further using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, as well as in vivo and in vitro techniques.
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