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Yucel MA, Adal E, Aktekin MB, Hepokur C, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Algul O. From Deep Learning to the Discovery of Promising VEGFR-2 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400108. [PMID: 38726553 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) stands as a prominent therapeutic target in oncology, playing a critical role in angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. FDA-approved VEGFR-2 inhibitors are associated with diverse side effects. Thus, finding novel and more effective inhibitors is of utmost importance. In this study, a deep learning (DL) classification model was first developed and then employed to select putative active VEGFR-2 inhibitors from an in-house chemical library including 187 druglike compounds. A pool of 18 promising candidates was shortlisted and screened against VEGFR-2 by using molecular docking. Finally, two compounds, RHE-334 and EA-11, were prioritized as promising VEGFR-2 inhibitors by employing PLATO, our target fishing and bioactivity prediction platform. Based on this rationale, we prepared RHE-334 and EA-11 and successfully tested their anti-proliferative potential against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 26.78±4.02 and 38.73±3.84 μM, respectively. Their toxicities were instead challenged against the WI-38. Interestingly, expression studies indicated that, in the presence of RHE-334, VEGFR-2 was equal to 0.52±0.03, thus comparable to imatinib equal to 0.63±0.03. In conclusion, this workflow based on theoretical and experimental approaches demonstrates effective in identifying VEGFR-2 inhibitors and can be easily adapted to other medicinal chemistry goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Yucel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, 24002, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Ercan Adal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33160, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Mine Buga Aktekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33160, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Ceylan Hepokur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universita 'degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari I, 70125, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universita 'degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari I, 70125, Italy
| | - Oztekin Algul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, 24002, Erzincan, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33160, Mersin, Türkiye
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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Atef E, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M. Benzimidazole scaffold as a potent anticancer agent with different mechanisms of action (2016-2023). Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8. [PMID: 39031290 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds have potent anticancer activity due to their structure similarity to nucleoside. In addition, benzimidazoles could function as hydrogen donors or acceptors and bind to different drug targets that participate in cancer progression. The literature had many anticancer agents containing benzimidazole cores that gained much interest. Provoked by our endless interest in benzimidazoles as anticancer agents, we summarized the successful trials of the benzimidazole scaffolds in this concern. Moreover, we discuss the substantial opportunities in cancer treatment using benzimidazole-based drugs that may direct medicinal chemists for a compelling future design of more active chemotherapeutic agents with potential clinical applications. The uniqueness of this work lies in the highlighted benzimidazole scaffold hybridization with different molecules and benzimidazole-metal complexes, detailed mechanisms of action, and the IC50 of the developed compounds determined by different laboratories after 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Eman Atef
- College of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
- Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ohio, USA.
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Sood A, Mehrotra A, Sharma U, Aggarwal D, Singh T, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Rani I, Ramniwas S, Tuli HS, Yadav V, Kumar M. Advancements and recent explorations of anti-cancer activity of chrysin: from molecular targets to therapeutic perspective. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:477-494. [PMID: 38966181 PMCID: PMC11220305 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent times, there have been notable advancements in comprehending the potential anti-cancer effects of chrysin (CH), a naturally occurring flavonoid compound found abundantly in various plant sources like honey, propolis, and certain fruits and vegetables. This active compound has garnered significant attention due to its promising therapeutic qualities and minimal toxicity. CH's ability to combat cancer arises from its multifaceted mechanisms of action, including the initiation of apoptosis and the inhibition of proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell cycle progression. CH also displays potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, effectively counteracting the harmful molecules that contribute to DNA damage and the development of cancer. Furthermore, CH has exhibited the potential to sensitize cancer cells to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, amplifying the effectiveness of these treatments while reducing their negative impact on healthy cells. Hence, in this current review, the composition, chemistry, mechanisms of action, safety concerns of CH, along with the feasibility of its nanoformulations. To conclude, the recent investigations into CH's anti-cancer effects present a compelling glimpse into the potential of this natural compound as a complementary therapeutic element in the array of anti-cancer approaches, providing a safer and more comprehensive method of combating this devastating ailment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilasha Sood
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Arpit Mehrotra
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Ujjawal Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda 151001, India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala 133207, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, Delhi University, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun
- Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai 67, United Arab Emirates
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11500, Malaysia
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Medical Sciences and Research (MMCMSR), Sadopur, Ambala 134007, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala 133207, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala 133207, India
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University Sadopur, Ambala 134007, India
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Li SS, Chen JJ, Zhang MM, Wang WX, Zhang WY, Ma C. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel benzimidazole derivatives as anti-cervical cancer agents through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and tubulin inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116425. [PMID: 38636129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is one of the most attractive therapeutic targets for cervical cancer treatment. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of benzimidazole derivatives and evaluated their anti-cervical cancer activity. Compound 4r exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in different cervical cancer cell lines HeLa, SiHa and Ca Ski, and relative lower cytotoxicity to normal hepatic and renal cell lines LO2 and HEK-293t (IC50 values were at 21.08 μM and 23.96 μM respectively). Its IC50 value was at 3.38 μM to the SiHa cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that 4r induced apoptosis, arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase, suppressed PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibit the polymerization of tubulin. Molecular docking study suggested that 4r formed key H-bonds action with PI3Kα (PDB ID:8EXU) and tubulin (PDB ID:1SA0). Zebrafish acute toxicity experiments showed that high concentrations of 4r did not cause death or malformation of zebrafish embryos. All these results demonstrated that 4r would be a promising lead candidate for further development of novel PI3K and tubulin dual inhibitors in cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Li
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Jun-Jie Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Wei-Xu Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Wei-Yi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Srivastava M, Singh K, Kumar S, Hasan SM, Mujeeb S, Kushwaha SP, Husen A. In silico Approaches for Exploring the Pharmacological Activities of Benzimidazole Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1481-1495. [PMID: 38288816 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575287322240115115125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article reviews computational research on benzimidazole derivatives. Cytotoxicity for all compounds against cancer cell lines was measured and the results revealed that many compounds exhibited high inhibitions. This research examines the varied pharmacological properties like anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant activities of benzimidazole derivatives. The suggested method summarises In silico research for each activity. This review examines benzimidazole derivative structure-activity relationships and pharmacological effects. In silico investigations can anticipate structural alterations and their effects on these derivative's pharmacological characteristics and efficacy through many computational methods. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and virtual screening help anticipate pharmacological effects and optimize chemical design. These trials will improve lead optimization, target selection, and ADMET property prediction in drug development. In silico benzimidazole derivative studies will be assessed for gaps and future research. Prospective studies might include empirical verification, pharmacodynamic analysis, and computational methodology improvement. OBJECTIVES This review discusses benzimidazole derivative In silico research to understand their specific pharmacological effects. This will help scientists design new drugs and guide future research. METHODS Latest, authentic and published reports on various benzimidazole derivatives and their activities are being thoroughly studied and analyzed. RESULT The overview of benzimidazole derivatives is more comprehensive, highlighting their structural diversity, synthetic strategies, mechanisms of action, and the computational tools used to study them. CONCLUSION In silico studies help to understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of benzimidazole derivatives. Through meticulous alterations of substituents, ring modifications, and linker groups, this study identified the structural factors influencing the pharmacological activity of benzimidazole derivatives. These findings enable the rational design and optimization of more potent and selective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Srivastava
- Reseach scholar, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Hygia Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Misbahul Hasan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samar Mujeeb
- Hygia Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ali Husen
- Hygia Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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6
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Biswas T, Mittal RK, Sharma V, Kanupriya, Mishra I. Nitrogen-fused Heterocycles: Empowering Anticancer Drug Discovery. Med Chem 2024; 20:369-384. [PMID: 38192143 DOI: 10.2174/0115734064278334231211054053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide impact of cancer is further compounded by the constraints of current anticancer medications, which frequently exhibit a lack of selectivity, raise safety apprehensions, result in significant adverse reactions, and encounter resistance mechanisms. The current situation highlights the pressing need to develop novel and more precise anticancer agents that prioritize safety and target specificity. Remarkably, more than 85% of drugs with physiological activity contain heterocyclic structures or at least one heteroatom. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles hold a significant position among these compounds, emerging as the most prevalent framework within the realm of heterocyclic chemistry. This article explores the medicinal chemistry behind these molecules, highlighting their potential as game-changing possibilities for anticancer medication development. The analysis highlights the inherent structural variety in nitrogen-containing heterocycles, revealing their potential to be customized for creating personalized anticancer medications. It also emphasizes the importance of computational techniques and studies on the relationships between structure and activity, providing a road map for rational medication design and optimization. Nitrogen- containing heterocycles are a promising new area of study in the fight against cancer, and this review summarises the state of the field so far. By utilizing their inherent characteristics and exploiting cooperative scientific investigations, these heterocyclic substances exhibit potential at the forefront of pioneering therapeutic approaches in combating the multifaceted obstacles posed by cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Biswas
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Mittal
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Vikram Sharma
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Kanupriya
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Isha Mishra
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
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7
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Thapa K, Khan H, Kaur G, Kumar P, Singh TG. Therapeutic targeting of angiopoietins in tumor angiogenesis and cancer development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 687:149130. [PMID: 37944468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The formation and progression of tumors in humans are linked to the abnormal development of new blood vessels known as neo-angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a broad word that encompasses endothelial cell migration, proliferation, tube formation, and intussusception, as well as peri-EC recruitment and extracellular matrix formation. Tumor angiogenesis is regulated by angiogenic factors, out of which some of the most potent angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and Angiopoietins (ANGs) in the body are produced by macrophages and other immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. ANGs have a distinct function in tumor angiogenesis and behavior. ANG1, ANG 2, ANG 3, and ANG 4 are the family members of ANG out of which ANG2 has been extensively investigated owing to its unique role in modifying angiogenesis and its tight association with tumor progression, growth, and invasion/metastasis, which makes it an excellent candidate for therapeutic intervention in human malignancies. ANG modulators have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in the treatment of tumor development, either alone or in conjunction with VEGF inhibitors. Future development of more ANG modulators targeting other ANGs is needed. The implication of ANG1, ANG3, and ANG4 as probable therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenesis treatment in tumor development should be also evaluated. The article has described the role of ANG in tumor angiogenesis as well as tumor growth and the treatment strategies modulating ANGs in tumor angiogenesis as demonstrated in clinical studies. The pharmacological modulation of ANGs and ANG-regulated pathways that are responsible for tumor angiogenesis and cancer development should be evaluated for the development of future molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Thapa
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, 151401, Bathinda, India
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Mannan A, Kakkar C, Dhiman S, Singh TG. Advancing the frontiers of adaptive cell therapy: A transformative mechanistic journey from preclinical to clinical settings. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111095. [PMID: 37875038 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Although the concept of using the patient's immune system to combat cancer has been around for a while, it is only in recent times that substantial progress has been achieved in this field. Over the last ten years, there has been a significant advancement in the treatment of cancer through immune checkpoint blockade. This treatment has been approved for multiple types of tumors. Another approach to modifying the immune system to detect tumor cells and fight them off is adaptive cell therapy (ACT). This therapy involves using T cells that have been modified with either T cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) to target the tumor cells. ACT has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in different types of tumors, and clinical trials are currently underway worldwide to enhance this form of treatment. This review focuses on the advancements that have been made in ACT from preclinical to clinical settings till now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Chirag Kakkar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Sonia Dhiman
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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Phan NKN, Huynh TKC, Nguyen HP, Le QT, Nguyen TCT, Ngo KKH, Nguyen THA, Ton KA, Thai KM, Hoang TKD. Exploration of Remarkably Potential Multitarget-Directed N-Alkylated-2-(substituted phenyl)-1 H-benzimidazole Derivatives as Antiproliferative, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Agents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28733-28748. [PMID: 37576624 PMCID: PMC10413844 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving lipophilicity for drugs to penetrate the lipid membrane and decreasing bacterial and fungal coinfections for patients with cancer pose challenges in the drug development process. Here, a series of new N-alkylated-2-(substituted phenyl)-1H-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR, and HRMS spectrum analyses to address these difficulties. All the compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Results indicated that compound 2g exhibited the best antiproliferative activity against the MDA-MB-231 cell line and also displayed significant inhibition at minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8, 4, and 4 μg mL-1 against Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared with amikacin. The antifungal data of compounds 1b, 1c, 2e, and 2g revealed their moderate activities toward Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, with MIC values of 64 μg mL-1 for both strains. Finally, the molecular docking study found that 2g interacted with crucial amino acids in the binding site of complex dihydrofolate reductase with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Kim-Ngan Phan
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Kim-Chi Huynh
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology, No.18, Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi City 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Phuc Nguyen
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Quoc-Tuan Le
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Cam-Thu Nguyen
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Kim-Khanh-Huy Ngo
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Hong-An Nguyen
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Khoa Anh Ton
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Khac-Minh Thai
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, No.41-43, Dinh Tien Hoang Str.,
Dist. 1, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Kim-Dung Hoang
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward,
Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology, No.18, Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi City 100000, Vietnam
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10
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Mezgebe K, Melaku Y, Mulugeta E. Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities of Chalcone and Its Derivatives Bearing N-Heterocyclic Scaffolds: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19194-19211. [PMID: 37305270 PMCID: PMC10249103 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of heterocyclic moieties into the standard chemical structure with a biologically active scaffold has become of crucial practice for the construction of pharmacologically potent candidates in the drug arena. Currently, numerous kinds of chalcones and their derivatives have been synthesized using the incorporation of heterocyclic scaffolds, especially chalcones bearing heterocyclic moieties that display improved efficiency and potential for drug production in pharmaceutical sectors. The current Review focuses on recent advances in the synthetic approaches and pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, antioxidant, antimalarial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antigiardial, and antifilarial activities of chalcone derivatives incorporating N-heterocyclic moieties at either the A-ring or B-ring.
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11
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Mallia A, Sloop J. Advances in the Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Hybrid Chalcones. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073201. [PMID: 37049964 PMCID: PMC10096121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones continue to occupy a venerated status as scaffolds for the construction of a variety of heterocyclic molecules with medicinal and industrial properties. Syntheses of hybrid chalcones featuring heteroaromatic components, especially those methods utilizing green chemistry principles, are important additions to the preparative methodologies for this valuable class of molecules. This review outlines the advances made in the last few decades toward the incorporation of heteroaromatic components in the construction of hybrid chalcones and highlights examples of environmentally responsible processes employed in their preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Mallia
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, 1000 University Center Lane, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Joseph Sloop
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, 1000 University Center Lane, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
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12
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Virtual Screening of Benzimidazole Derivatives as Potential Triose Phosphate Isomerase Inhibitors with Biological Activity against Leishmania mexicana. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030390. [PMID: 36986489 PMCID: PMC10058926 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania mexicana (L. mexicana) is a causal agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a “Neglected disease”, for which the search for new drugs is a priority. Benzimidazole is a scaffold used to develop antiparasitic drugs; therefore, it is interesting molecule against L. mexicana. In this work, a ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) of the ZINC15 database was performed. Subsequently, molecular docking was used to predict the compounds with potential binding at the dimer interface of triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) of L. mexicana (LmTIM). Compounds were selected on binding patterns, cost, and commercial availability for in vitro assays against L. mexicana blood promastigotes. The compounds were analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation on LmTIM and its homologous human TIM. Finally, the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties were determined in silico. A total of 175 molecules with docking scores between −10.8 and −9.0 Kcal/mol were obtained. Compound E2 showed the best leishmanicidal activity (IC50 = 4.04 µM) with a value similar to the reference drug pentamidine (IC50 = 2.23 µM). Molecular dynamics analysis predicted low affinity for human TIM. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of the compounds were suitable for developing new leishmanicidal agents.
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13
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Swathantraiah J, Srinivasa SM, Belagal Motatis AK, Uttarkar A, Bettaswamygowda S, Thimmaiah SB, Niranjan V, Rangappa S, Subbegowda RK, Ramegowda TN. Novel 1,2,5-Trisubstituted Benzimidazoles Potentiate Apoptosis by Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Panel of Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46955-46971. [PMID: 36570271 PMCID: PMC9773948 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic small molecules have been very effective in decimating cancer cells by targeting various aberrantly overexpressed oncogenic proteins. These small molecules target proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, cell division, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and other regulatory proteins to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. In this study, we have synthesized a novel 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole chemical library of small molecules and unveiled their anticancer potential against a panel of cancer cell lines such as Jurkat, K-562, MOLT-4, HeLa, HCT116, and MIA PaCa-2 cancer cells. The MTT assay and Trypan blue dye exclusion assay clearly unveiled the cytotoxic effect of methyl 1-benzyl-2-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylate (TJ08) and its potential to induce apoptosis with effective IC50 of 1.88 ± 0.51, 1.89 ± 0.55, 2.05 ± 0.72, 2.11 ± 0.62, 3.04 ± 0.8, and 3.82 ± 0.25 μM against Jurkat, K562, MOLT-4, HeLa, HCT116, and MIA PaCa-2 cancer cell lines, respectively. Altered mitochondrial membrane potential was observed in HeLa, HCT116, and Jurkat cells due to TJ08 treatment, which was unveiled by JC10 staining. Induction of early and late apoptosis by TJ08 treatment was also unveiled by apoptotic analysis and immunofluorescence imaging. Cell cycle analysis distribution confirms the accumulation of cells in the S-phase in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesha
Gullahalli Swathantraiah
- Government.
S. K. S. J. Technological Institute (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological
University), K R Circle, Bangalore 560001, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudhanva Muddenahalli Srinivasa
- Adichunchanagiri
Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical
Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
- School
of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil Kumar Belagal Motatis
- Adichunchanagiri
Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical
Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshay Uttarkar
- Department
of Biotechnology, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560059, Karnataka, India
| | - Shwetha Bettaswamygowda
- Department
of applied science, CPGS, Visvesvaraya Technological
University, Muddenahalli 562101, Karnataka, India
| | - Sridhar Bilgumba Thimmaiah
- Department
of Chemistry, Maharani’s Science College for Women, Maharani cluster University, Palace Road, Bangalore 560001, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department
of Biotechnology, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560059, Karnataka, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri
Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical
Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
- School
of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Thimmegowda Naraganahalli Ramegowda
- Government.
S. K. S. J. Technological Institute (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological
University), K R Circle, Bangalore 560001, Karnataka, India
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14
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Pham EC, Le Thi TV, Ly Hong HH, Vo Thi BN, Vong LB, Vu TT, Vo DD, Tran Nguyen NV, Bao Le KN, Truong TN. N,2,6-Trisubstituted 1 H-benzimidazole derivatives as a new scaffold of antimicrobial and anticancer agents: design, synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and in silico studies. RSC Adv 2022; 13:399-420. [PMID: 36605630 PMCID: PMC9782508 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06667j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds containing benzimidazole moiety occupy privileged chemical space for discovering new bioactive substances. In continuation of our recent work, 69 benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized with good to excellent yields of 46-99% using efficient synthesis protocol i.e. sodium metabisulfite catalyzed condensation of aromatic aldehydes with o-phenylenediamines to form 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives followed by N-alkylation by conventional heating or microwave irradiation for diversification. Potent antibacterial compounds against MSSA and MRSA were discovered such as benzimidazole compounds 3k (2-(4-nitrophenyl), N-benzyl), 3l (2-(4-chlorophenyl), N-(4-chlorobenzyl)), 4c (2-(4-chlorophenyl), 6-methyl, N-benzyl), 4g (2-(4-nitrophenyl), 6-methyl, N-benzyl), and 4j (2-(4-nitrophenyl), 6-methyl, N-(4-chlorobenzyl)) with MIC of 4-16 μg mL-1. In addition, compound 4c showed good antimicrobial activities (MIC = 16 μg mL-1) against the bacteria strains Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis. Moreover, compounds 3k, 3l, 4c, 4g, and 4j have been found to kill HepG2, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, RMS, and C26 cancer cells with low μM IC50 (2.39-10.95). These compounds showed comparable drug-like properties as ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, and paclitaxel in computational ADMET profiling. Finally, docking studies were used to assess potential protein targets responsible for their biological activities. Especially, we found that DHFR is a promising target both in silico and in vitro with compound 4c having IC50 of 2.35 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Canh Pham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Tuong Vi Le Thi
- Department of Pharmacology – Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, City Children's Hospital700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Huong Ha Ly Hong
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Bich Ngoc Vo Thi
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Long B. Vong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, International University700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM)Ho Chi Minh 700000Vietnam
| | - Thao Thanh Vu
- Department of Microbiology – Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Duy Duc Vo
- Uppsala University, Sweden, Tra Vinh UniversityVietnam
| | - Ngoc Vi Tran Nguyen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Khanh Nguyen Bao Le
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Tuyen Ngoc Truong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
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15
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Synthesis and anti-ovarian cancer effects of benzimidazole-2-substituted pyridine and phenyl propenone derivatives. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1835-1846. [PMID: 36373543 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the benzimidazole derivatives have anti-ovarian cancer effects, the authors aimed to determine whether benzimidazole-2-substituted pyridine and phenyl propenone derivatives exert anti-ovarian cancer activity. Materials & methods: 21 derivatives were synthesized and assayed for their antiproliferative activities. Western blotting in A2780 cells was used to detect the effects of compound A-6 on apoptosis-related proteins. Invasion, migration and apoptosis were assayed in SKOV3 cells treated with A-6. The in vivo activity was also examined. Results: A-6 could inhibit proliferation, invasion and migration and induce apoptosis in SKOV3 cells. Additionally, A-6 had potent inhibitory activity in a xenograft mouse model. Conclusion: A-6 shows potent efficacy in the treatment of ovarian cancer and may be a potential antitumor agent.
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16
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Rajendran G, Bhanu D, Aruchamy B, Ramani P, Pandurangan N, Bobba KN, Oh EJ, Chung HY, Gangadaran P, Ahn BC. Chalcone: A Promising Bioactive Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101250. [PMID: 36297362 PMCID: PMC9607481 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are a class of privileged scaffolds with high medicinal significance due to the presence of an α,β-unsaturated ketone functionality. Numerous functional modifications of chalcones have been reported, along with their pharmacological behavior. The present review aims to summarize the structures from natural sources, synthesis methods, biological characteristics against infectious and non-infectious diseases, and uses of chalcones over the past decade, and their structure–activity relationship studies are detailed in depth. This critical review provides guidelines for the future design and synthesis of various chalcones. In addition, this could be highly supportive for medicinal chemists to develop more promising candidates for various infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Rajendran
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Deepu Bhanu
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
| | - Nanjan Pandurangan
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Mysuru Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru 570026, India
| | - Kondapa Naidu Bobba
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California (San Francisco), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
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17
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Husain A, Bhutani M, Parveen S, Khan SA, Ahmad A, Iqbal MA. Design, Synthesis, In Vitro Cytotoxicity, ADME Prediction, and Molecular Docking Study of Benzimidazole-Linked Pyrrolone and N-Benzylpyrrolone Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Constantinescu T, Mihis AG. Two Important Anticancer Mechanisms of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911595. [PMID: 36232899 PMCID: PMC9570335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette subfamily G and tubulin pharmacological mechanisms decrease the effectiveness of anticancer drugs by modulating drug absorption and by creating tubulin assembly through polymerization. A series of natural and synthetic chalcones have been reported to have very good anticancer activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration lower than 1 µM. By modulation, it is observed in case of the first mechanism that methoxy substituents on the aromatic cycle of acetophenone residue and substitution of phenyl nucleus by a heterocycle and by methoxy or hydroxyl groups have a positive impact. To inhibit tubulin, compounds bind to colchicine binding site. Presence of methoxy groups, amino groups or heterocyclic substituents increase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Grig Mihis
- Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies Laboratory, Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fantanele Str. 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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19
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Basha NJ. Therapeutic Efficacy of Benzimidazole and Its Analogs: An Update. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2118334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Jeelan Basha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous Bengaluru, India
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20
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Mukhtar SS, Saleh FM, Hassaneen HM, Hafez TS, Hassan AS, Morsy NM, Teleb MAM. Synthesis, reaction, antimicrobial, and docking study of new chalcones incorporating isoquinoline moiety. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2119415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk S. Mukhtar
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamdi M. Hassaneen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taghrid S. Hafez
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S. Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M. Morsy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Pham EC, Thi Le TV, Truong TN. Design, synthesis, bio-evaluation, and in silico studies of some N-substituted 6-(chloro/nitro)-1 H-benzimidazole derivatives as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21621-21646. [PMID: 35975065 PMCID: PMC9347358 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03491c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of 6-substituted 1H-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by reacting various substituted aromatic aldehydes with 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine and 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine through condensation using sodium metabisulfite as the oxidative reagent. The N-substituted 6-(chloro/nitro)-1H-benzimidazole derivatives were prepared from the 6-substituted 1H-benzimidazole derivatives and substituted halides using potassium carbonate by conventional methods as well as by exposure to microwave irradiation. Seventy-six 1H-benzimidazole derivatives have been synthesized in moderate to excellent yields with the microwave-assisted method (40 to 99%). Compounds 1d, 2d, 3s, 4b, and 4k showed potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA (methicillin-susceptible strains of Staphylococcus aureus), and MRSA (methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus) with MIC (the minimum inhibitory concentration) ranging between 2 and 16 μg mL-1 as compared to ciprofloxacin (MIC = 8-16 μg mL-1), in particular compound 4k exhibits potent fungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger with MIC ranging between 8 and 16 μg mL-1 compared with the standard drug fluconazole (MIC = 4-128 μg mL-1). In addition, compounds 1d, 2d, 3s, 4b, and 4k also showed the strongest anticancer activity among the synthesized compounds against five tested cell lines with IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) ranging between 1.84 and 10.28 μg mL-1, comparable to paclitaxel (IC50 = 1.38-6.13 μM). Furthermore, the five most active compounds showed a good ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profile in comparison to ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, and paclitaxel as reference drugs. Molecular docking predicted that dihydrofolate reductase protein from Staphylococcus aureus is the most suitable target for both antimicrobial and anticancer activities, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and histone deacetylase 6 are the most suitable targets for anticancer activity of these potent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Canh Pham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University 700000 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tuong Vi Thi Le
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, City Children's Hospital 700000 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Ngoc Truong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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22
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Kumari A, Singh RK. Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation of N-Substituted Indole Derivatives as Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Agents. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200290. [PMID: 35818885 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel N-substituted Indole derivatives with various hetero-cyclic moieties were synthesized via an ethyl linker in order to obtain highly potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. The structure of the obtained chemical compounds was determined using IR, 1 H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Molecular docking was used to create selective and efficient COX-2 inhibitors from twelve novel indole derivatives (11a-c, 12a-c, 13a-c, and 14a-c). The compounds 13b and 14b had a high interaction energy, which inhibited the COX-2 enzyme. There is a relationship between anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidants, which is also defined by COX-2 inhibition, according to the mechanism of action. The Swiss ADME online programme was used to determine the drug-like properties of synthesized compounds. Two common and reliable methods were adopted to determine the antioxidant effect. In the DPPH assay, compounds 11a, 11b, and 14b, whereas compounds 11b, 13b, and 14b in the reducing power assay, were the most potent as compared with standard ascorbic acid. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect at an acute and chronic level, the carrageenan-induced paw edema method along with the formalin-induced inflammation method were used both at low dose and high dose. From the collected results, compounds 13b and 14b were the most potent against acute and chronic inflammation. The results showed that the synthesized compounds are unique as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents, and that they could be useful for drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.,I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shivalik College of Pharmacy, Nangal, Dist. Rupnagar, 140126, Punjab, India
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23
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Synthesis of Some 2-Substituted-5-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-1H-Benzimidazole Derivatives and Investigation of Their Antiproliferative Effects. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Maity MB, Dutta B, Rahaman A, Sahu N, Mandal DP, Bhattacharjee S, Sinha C. Double advantages of Benzimidazolyl‑hydroxy-coumarinyl diad - “turn-on” sensing of Al3+ and preventing metastasis in cancer. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Shatokhin SS, Tuskaev VA, Gagieva SC, Markova AA, Pozdnyakov DI, Melnikova EK, Bulychev BM, Oganesyan ET. Synthesis, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of new n-substituted 3-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-chromones containing 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol fragment. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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26
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Khalil EA, Mohamed GG. Preparation, spectroscopic characterization and antitumor-antimicrobial studies of some Schiff base transition and inner transition mixed ligand complexes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Synthesis, Anticancer Assessment, and Molecular Docking of Novel Chalcone-Thienopyrimidine Derivatives in HepG2 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4759821. [PMID: 35003514 PMCID: PMC8728392 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles containing thienopyrimidine moieties have attracted attention due to their interesting biological and pharmacological activities. In this research article, we reported the synthesis of a series of new hybrid molecules through merging the structural features of chalcones and pyridothienopyrimidinones. Our results indicated that the synthesis of chalcone-thienopyrimidine derivatives from the corresponding thienopyrimidine and chalcones proceeded in a relatively short reaction time with good yields and high purity. Most of these novel compounds exhibited moderate to robust cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells similar to that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicated that IC50 of the two compounds (3b and 3g) showed more potent anticancer activities against HepG2 and MCF-7 than 5-FU. An MTT assay and flow cytometry showed that only 3b and 3g had anticancer activity and antiproliferative activities at the G1 phase against MCF-7 cells, while six compounds (3a-e and 3g) had cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest at different phases against HepG2 cells. Their cytotoxicity was achieved through downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Although all tested compounds increased oxidative stress via increment of MDA levels and decrement of glutathione reductase (GR) activities compared to control, the 3a, 3b, and 3g in HepG2 and 3b and 3g in MCF-7 achieved the target results. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between cytotoxic efficacy of the compound and apoptosis in both HepG2 (R 2 = 0.531; P = 0.001) and MCF-7 (R 2 = 0.219; P = 0.349) cell lines. The results of molecular docking analysis of 3a-g into the binding groove of Bcl-2 revealed relatively moderate binding free energies compared to the selective Bcl-2 inhibitor, DRO. Like venetoclax, compounds 3a-g showed 2 violations from Lipinski's rule. However, the results of the ADME study also revealed higher drug-likeness scores for compounds 3a-g than for venetoclax. In conclusion, the tested newly synthesized chalcone-pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives showed promising antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Mechanistically, the compounds increased ROS production with concomitant cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis are possible targets for anticancer therapy. The tested compounds could be potent anticancer agents to be tested in future clinical trials after extensive pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profile investigations.
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Zhu S, Huo X, Ma Q, Chen W, Zhang J, Guo L. Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Activity of β-Carboline-Benzimidazole Hybrids. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202110025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Brishty SR, Hossain MJ, Khandaker MU, Faruque MRI, Osman H, Rahman SMA. A Comprehensive Account on Recent Progress in Pharmacological Activities of Benzimidazole Derivatives. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:762807. [PMID: 34803707 PMCID: PMC8597275 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.762807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nitrogenous heterocyclic molecules have attracted a great deal of interest among medicinal chemists. Among these potential heterocyclic drugs, benzimidazole scaffolds are considerably prevalent. Due to their isostructural pharmacophore of naturally occurring active biomolecules, benzimidazole derivatives have significant importance as chemotherapeutic agents in diverse clinical conditions. Researchers have synthesized plenty of benzimidazole derivatives in the last decades, amidst a large share of these compounds exerted excellent bioactivity against many ailments with outstanding bioavailability, safety, and stability profiles. In this comprehensive review, we have summarized the bioactivity of the benzimidazole derivatives reported in recent literature (2012-2021) with their available structure-activity relationship. Compounds bearing benzimidazole nucleus possess broad-spectrum pharmacological properties ranging from common antibacterial effects to the world's most virulent diseases. Several promising therapeutic candidates are undergoing human trials, and some of these are going to be approved for clinical use. However, notable challenges, such as drug resistance, costly and tedious synthetic methods, little structural information of receptors, lack of advanced software, and so on, are still viable to be overcome for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shejuti Rahman Brishty
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | | | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. M. Abdur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Karimi N, Vahabpour Roudsari R, Azami Movahed M, Hajimahdi Z, Zarghi A. 4-(1-Benzyl-1 H-benzo[ d]imidazol-2-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic Acid Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and Anti-HIV-1 Activity. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:408-417. [PMID: 34400969 PMCID: PMC8170749 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.114341.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is still an incurable disease with increasing mortality rate. Despite the development of effective FDA-approved anti-HIV drugs, there are some problems due to the growing of resistant viral strands. Therefore, discovery of novel anti-HIV agents is so needed. Integrase, targeted in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), is a crucial enzyme in viral replication. In this study, new benzimidazolyl diketo acid derivatives were designed according to required features for inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase. Designed compounds were synthesized and evaluated for anti-HIV-1 effects. According to the cell-based biological assay’s results, most of the tested compounds demonstrated good anti-HIV-1 activity, ranging from 40-90 µM concentration with no severe cytotoxicity. The most potent compound was 13g with EC50 value of 40 µM and CC50 value of 550 µM. Docking analysis of compound 13g in integrase active site was in good agreement with well-known integrase inhibitors, proposing that anti-HIV-1 potency of compounds may be via integrase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Karimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Vahabpour Roudsari
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Azami Movahed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajimahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tratrat C, Haroun M, Tsolaki E, Petrou A, Gavalas A, Geronikaki A. Thiazole-based Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:257-268. [PMID: 33319674 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201214232458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a multifactorial process reflecting the response of the organism to various stimuli and is associated with a number of disorders such as arthritis, asthma and psoriasis, which require long-lasting or repeated treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of previous synthesized thiazole-based chalcone derivatives. METHODS Chalcones were synthesized via Cliazen-Schmidt condensation1-(4-methyl-2- alkylamino)thiazol-5-yl) ethanone with a corresponding aromatic aldehyde. For the evaluation of possible anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan mouse paw edema was used. RESULTS Eight out of thirteen tested chalcones showed anti-inflammatory activity in a range of 51- 55%. Prediction of toxicity revealed that these compounds are not toxic. CONCLUSION In general, it can be concluded that these compounds can be used for further modifications in order to develop more active and safe agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Evangelia Tsolaki
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthi Petrou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Antonis Gavalas
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Sharma P, LaRosa C, Antwi J, Govindarajan R, Werbovetz KA. Imidazoles as Potential Anticancer Agents: An Update on Recent Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144213. [PMID: 34299488 PMCID: PMC8307698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings are common structural components of marketed drugs. Among these heterocycles, imidazole/fused imidazole rings are present in a wide range of bioactive compounds. The unique properties of such structures, including high polarity and the ability to participate in hydrogen bonding and coordination chemistry, allow them to interact with a wide range of biomolecules, and imidazole-/fused imidazole-containing compounds are reported to have a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review summarizes recent reports of imidazole/fused imidazole derivatives as anticancer agents appearing in the peer-reviewed literature from 2018 through 2020. Such molecules have been shown to modulate various targets, including microtubules, tyrosine and serine-threonine kinases, histone deacetylases, p53-Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) protein, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), G-quadraplexes, and other targets. Imidazole-containing compounds that display anticancer activity by unknown/undefined mechanisms are also described, as well as key features of structure-activity relationships. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent advances in imidazole-based anticancer drug discovery and development, as well as inspire the design and synthesis of new anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Chris LaRosa
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Mathematics, Computer & Natural Sciences Division, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, OH 43219, USA;
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Karl A. Werbovetz
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Insuasty D, García S, Abonia R, Insuasty B, Quiroga J, Nogueras M, Cobo J, Borosky GL, Laali KK. Design, synthesis, and molecular docking study of novel quinoline-based bis-chalcones as potential antitumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100094. [PMID: 34050547 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of quinoline-based symmetrical and unsymmetrical bis-chalcones was synthesized via a Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction between 3-formyl-quinoline/quinolone derivatives with acetone or arylidene acetones, respectively, by using KOH/MeOH/H2 O as a reaction medium. Twelve of the obtained compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against 60 different human cancer cell lines according to the National Cancer Institute protocol. Among the screened compounds, the symmetrical N-butyl bis-quinolinyl-chalcone 14g and the unsymmetrical quinolinyl-bis-chalcone 17o bearing a 7-chloro-substitution on the N-benzylquinoline moiety and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy substituent on the phenyl ring, respectively, exhibited the highest overall cytotoxicity against the evaluated cell lines with a GI50 range of 0.16-5.45 µM, with HCT-116 (GI50 = 0.16) and HT29 (GI50 = 0.42 μM) (colon cancer) representing best-case scenarios. Notably, several GI50 values for these compounds were lower than those of the reference drugs doxorubicin and 5-FU. Docking studies performed on selected derivatives yielded very good binding energies in the active site of proteins that participate in key carcinogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Insuasty
- Departamento de Química y Biología, División de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.,Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Stephanie García
- Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo Abonia
- Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jairo Quiroga
- Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Manuel Nogueras
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Justo Cobo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Gabriela L Borosky
- INFIQC, CONICET and Departamento de Química Teórica y Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Kenneth K Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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El-Hameed RHA, Fatahala SS, Sayed AI. Synthesis of Some Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives as Anticancer Agent, and Evaluation for CDK2 Inhibition Activity. Med Chem 2021; 18:238-248. [PMID: 33663368 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210304100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiobezimidazoles reveal various pharmacological activities due to similarities with many natural and synthetic molecules, they can easily interact with biomolecules of living systems. OBJECTIVE A series of substituted 2-thiobezimidazoles has been synthesized .Twelve final compounds were screened for in vitro anti-cancer activities against sixty different cell-lines. METHODS The spectral data of the synthesized compounds were characterized. Docking study for active anticancer compounds and CDK2/CyclinA2 Kinase assay against standard reference; Imatinib were performed. RESULTS Two compounds (3c&3l) from the examined series revealed effective antitumor activity in vitro against two-cancer cell lines (Colon Cancer (HCT-116) and Renal Cancer (TK-10). The docking study of synthesized molecules discovered a requisite binding pose in CDK-ATP binding pocket. 3c &3l were promoted in the CDK2/CyclinA2 Kinase assay against standard reference Imatinib. CONCLUSION Against all tested compounds ; two compounds 3c &3l were found active against two types of cell-lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Helmy Abd El-Hameed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo. Egypt
| | - Samar Said Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo. Egypt
| | - Amira Ibrahim Sayed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo. Egypt
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Siwach A, Verma PK. Synthesis and therapeutic potential of imidazole containing compounds. BMC Chem 2021; 15:12. [PMID: 33602331 PMCID: PMC7893931 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazole is a five-membered heterocyclic moiety that possesses three carbon, two nitrogen, four hydrogen atoms, and two double bonds. It is also known as 1, 3-diazole. It contains two nitrogen atoms, in which one nitrogen bear a hydrogen atom, and the other is called pyrrole type nitrogen. The imidazole name was reported by Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch (1857–1935) in 1887. 1, 3-diazole is an amphoteric in nature i.e. it shows both acidic and basic properties. It is a white or colorless solid that is highly soluble in water and other polar solvents. Due to the presence of a positive charge on either of two nitrogen atom, it shows two equivalent tautomeric forms. Imidazole was first named glyoxaline because the first synthesis has been made by glyoxal and ammonia. It is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. The derivatives of 1, 3-diazole show different biological activities such as antibacterial, antimycobacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-allergic, antipyretic, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-amoebic, antihelmintic, antifungal and ulcerogenic activities, etc. as reported in the literature. There are different examples of commercially available drugs in the market which contains 1, 3-diazole ring such as clemizole (antihistaminic agent), etonitazene (analgesic), enviroxime (antiviral), astemizole (antihistaminic agent), omeprazole, pantoprazole (antiulcer), thiabendazole (antihelmintic), nocodazole (antinematodal), metronidazole, nitroso-imidazole (bactericidal), megazol (trypanocidal), azathioprine (anti rheumatoid arthritis), dacarbazine (Hodgkin's disease), tinidazole, ornidazole (antiprotozoal and antibacterial), etc. This present review summarized some pharmacological activities and various kinds of synthetic routes for imidazole and their derived products. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Siwach
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
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Al-Ostoot FH, Salah S, Khanum SA. Recent investigations into synthesis and pharmacological activities of phenoxy acetamide and its derivatives (chalcone, indole and quinoline) as possible therapeutic candidates. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [PMCID: PMC7849228 DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal chemistry can rightfully be regarded as a cornerstone in the public health of our modern society that combines chemistry and pharmacology with the aim of designing and developing new pharmaceutical compounds. For this purpose, many chemical techniques as well as new computational chemistry applications are used to study the utilization of drugs and their biological effects. In the biological interface, medicinal chemistry constitutes a group of interdisciplinary sciences, as well as controlling its organic, physical and computational pillars. Therefore, medicinal chemists working to design an integrated and developing system that portends an era of novel and safe tailored drugs either by synthesizing new pharmaceuticals or to improving the processes by which existing pharmaceuticals are made. It includes researching the effects of synthetic, semi-synthetic and natural biologically active substances based on molecular interactions in terms of molecular structure with triggered functional groups or the specific physicochemical properties. The present work focuses on the literature survey of chemical diversity of phenoxy acetamide and its derivatives (Chalcone, Indole and Quinoline) in the molecular framework in order to get complete information regarding pharmacologically interesting compounds of widely different composition. From a biological and industrial point of view, this literature review may provide an opportunity for the chemists to design new derivatives of phenoxy acetamide and its derivatives that proved to be the successful agent in view of safety and efficacy to enhance life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Hezam Al-Ostoot
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja’s College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006 India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Education and Science, Al-Baydha University, Al-Baydha, Yemen
| | - Salma Salah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Shaukath Ara Khanum
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja’s College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006 India
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Dhanwal V, Katoch A, Nayak D, Chakraborty S, Gupta R, Kumar A, Gupta PN, Singh N, Kaur N, Goswami A. Benzimidazole-Based Organic–Inorganic Gold Nanohybrids Suppress Invasiveness of Cancer Cells by Modulating EMT Signaling Cascade. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:470-482. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vandna Dhanwal
- Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (U.I.E.A.S.T), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Archana Katoch
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Souneek Chakraborty
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Prem N. Gupta
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Roopnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
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Torrens-Mas M, Roca P. Phytoestrogens for Cancer Prevention and Treatment. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E427. [PMID: 33261116 PMCID: PMC7759898 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are a large group of natural compounds found in more than 300 plants. They have a close structural similarity to estrogens, which allow them to bind to both estrogen receptors (ER), ERα and ERβ, presenting a weak estrogenic activity. Phytoestrogens have been described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-allergic, and anti-tumoral agents. Their role in cancer prevention has been well documented, although their impact on treatment efficiency is controversial. Several reports suggest that phytoestrogens may interfere with the effect of anti-cancer drugs through the regulation of oxidative stress and other mechanisms. Furthermore, some phytoestrogens could exert a protective effect on healthy cells, thus reducing the secondary effects of cancer treatment. In this review, we have studied the recent research in this area to find evidence for the role of phytoestrogens in cancer prevention and therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hsu MH, Hsieh CY, Kapoor M, Chang JH, Chu HL, Cheng TM, Hsu KC, Lin TE, Tsai FY, Horng JC. Leucettamine B analogs and their carborane derivative as potential anti-cancer agents: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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El‐Ossaily YA, Metwally SA, Al‐Muailkel NS, Fawzy A, Ali HM, Naffea YA. Green synthetic investigation and spectral characterization of some spiro pyrazolidine‐based heterocycles with potential biological activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser A. El‐Ossaily
- Chemistry Department, College of ScienceJouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAssiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Saoud A. Metwally
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAssiut University Assiut Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Fawzy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAssiut University Assiut Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied SciencesUmm Al‐Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Chemistry Department, College of ScienceJouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousra A. Naffea
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAssiut University Assiut Egypt
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Djemoui A, Naouri A, Ouahrani MR, Djemoui D, Lahcene S, Lahrech MB, Boukenna L, Albuquerque HM, Saher L, Rocha DH, Monteiro FL, Helguero LA, Bachari K, Talhi O, Silva AM. A step-by-step synthesis of triazole-benzimidazole-chalcone hybrids: Anticancer activity in human cells+. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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