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Gull S, Tasneem F, Ahmed I, Aslam MA, Tayyeb A, Abid L, Arshad MI, Shahzad N. Ethanolic extract of Euphorbia royleana Boiss. reduces metastasis of breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor progression in vivo. Med Oncol 2024; 41:152. [PMID: 38743193 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most devastating attribute of breast cancer (BC) that leads to high mortality. It is a complex process of tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ERA on BC metastasis and BC progression in vivo. The transwell invasion/migration and wound healing assays showed that ERA treatment significantly reduced the invasion and migration of BC cell lines. The expression of mesenchymal (E-cadherin and N-cadherin), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9), and stemness markers (Oct3) were down-regulated by ERA. Furthermore, ERA down-regulated angiogenic chemokines (CXCL1/2/3, CXCL5, and CXCL12) expression in the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell line. The clonogenic survival of BC cells was also reduced by ERA treatment. Strikingly, ERA prevented DMBA-induced tumor growth in Swiss albino mice as depicted by a high animal survival rate (84%) in the ERA group and histopathological analysis. Conclusively, this study revealed that ERA possesses anti-metastatic potential and also reduces the growth of BC in vivo. Moreover, the GC-MS data revealed the presence of biologically active compounds (Lupeol, Phytol, phytosterol) and some rare (9, 19-Cyclolanost) phyto metabolites in ERA extract. However, further studies are suggestive to identify and isolate the therapeutic agents from ERA to combat BC and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheereen Gull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fareeda Tasneem
- Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (sub-campus Jhang), Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Asima Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Abid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Naveed Shahzad
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Sadwal S, Bharati S, Dar ZA, Kaur S. Chemopreventive potential of hydroethanolic Murraya koenigii leaves extract against DMBA induced breast carcinogenesis: In-silico and in-vivo study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117124. [PMID: 37678421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Murraya koenigii (MK), a member of the Rutaceae family and widely known as the curry-leaf tree, is indigenous to India, Sri Lanka, and other south Asian nations. It is a renowned medicinal herb because of the wide range of bioactive components found in its leaves, such as girinimbine, koenimbine, mahanimbine and mahanine among others. All these bioactive components make this plant beneficial for treating a variety of ailments and diseases. Biological and pharmacological activities of MK include anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-ulcer, anti-helminthic, anti-malarial, anti-trichomonal, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of hydroethanolic Murraya koenigii leaves extract (HEMKLE) against 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats, which further paves the way for future breast cancer treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the preparation of hydroethanolic Murraya koenigii leaves extract (HEMKLE), Murraya koenigii (MK) leaves were taken from the botanical garden of the Panjab University campus, Chandigarh, and authenticated from the Department of Botany, Panjab University (accession number 22417). The phytochemical characterization of HEMKLE was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Following this, an in-silico molecular docking analysis was performed using Maestro Schrodinger software, and an in-vivo study was conducted. For the in-vivo study, female SD rats were divided into four different groups. Group I (C), Group II (DMBA), Group III (HEMKLE), and Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA). Histopathogy, oxidative and antioxidant status, immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor-α, TUNEL assays, mRNA and protein expression of apoptotic pathway genes were conducted in in-vivo study. RESULTS In LC-MS, major phytochemical constituents including flavonoids and carbazole alkaloids were identified. In-silico docking study revealed the strong binding affinity between the identified compounds with caspase-3. Additionally, koenine displayed the highest binding affinity/minimum energy of -9.21 kcal/mol with 6BDV as compared to other phytochemicals. Furthermore, in-vivo experimentation revealed that HEMKLE administration in Group IV(HEMKLE + DMBA) significantly inhibits the tumor incidence and volume as compared to alone DMBA treated group. The antioxidant action of HEMKLE was proven from the in-vivo analysis of antioxidant marker enzymes, histopathology, immunohistochemistry of ER-α studies. Further, increase number of TUNEL positive cells was observed in co-treated animals as compared to alone DMBA treated animals. In Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA), upregulated expression of pro-apoptotic genes and downregulated expression of anti-apoptotic gene were observed when compared to Group II(DMBA) suggested the apoptotic effect of HEMKLE. CONCLUSION The results of the present study provide clear evidence of the chemopreventive capabilities of HEMKLE in rats with DMBA-induced breast cancer. The observed outcomes could potentially be attributed to the existence of diverse phytochemicals within the HEMKLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sadwal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sanjay Bharati
- Manipal College of Health Profession, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
| | - Zahid Ahmad Dar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Rehman A, Fatima I, Wang Y, Tong J, Noor F, Qasim M, Peng Y, Liao M. Unveiling the multi-target compounds of Rhazya stricta: Discovery and inhibition of novel target genes for the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107424. [PMID: 37717527 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a prevalent kidney malignancy with a pressing need for innovative therapeutic strategies. In this context, emerging research has focused on exploring the medicinal potential of plants such as Rhazya stricta. Nevertheless, the complex molecular mechanisms underlying its potential therapeutic efficacy remain largely elusive. Our study employed an integrative approach comprising data mining,network pharmacology,tissue cell type analysis, and molecular modelling approaches to identify potent phytochemicals from R. stricta, with potential relevance for ccRCC treatments. Initially, we collected data on R. stricta's phytochemical from public databases. Subsequently, we integrated this information with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ccRCC, which were derived from microarray datasets(GSE16441,GSE66270, and GSE76351). We identified potential intersections between R. stricta and ccRCC targets, which enabled us to construct a compound-genes-pathway network using Cytoscape software. This helped illuminate R. stricta's multi-target pharmacological effects on ccRCC. Moreover, tissue cell type analysis added another layer of insight into the cellular specificity of potential therapeutic targets in the kidney. Through further Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, we pinpointed MMP9,ACE,ERBB2, and HSP90AA1 as prospective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ccRCC. Notably, our study underscores the potential of R. stricta derived compounds-namely quebrachamine,corynan-17-ol, stemmadenine,strictanol,rhazinilam, and rhazimolare-to impede ccRCC progression by modulating the activity of MMP9,ACE,ERBB2, and HSP90AA1 genes. Further, molecular docking and dynamic simulations confirmed the plausible binding affinities of these compounds. Despite these promising findings, we recognize the need for comprehensive in vivo and in vitro studies to further investigate the pharmacokinetics and biosafety profiles of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rehman
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Israr Fatima
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jiapei Tong
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fatima Noor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yuzhong Peng
- Key Lab of Scientific Computing and Intelligent Information Processing in Universities of Guangxi, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Mingzhi Liao
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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da Silva-Maia JK, Nagalingam A, Cazarin CBB, Marostica Junior MR, Sharma D. Jaboticaba ( Myrciaria jaboticaba) peel extracts induce reticulum stress and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2023; 6:100167. [PMID: 36875800 PMCID: PMC9982605 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Jaboticaba peel (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a source of bioactive compounds. We investigated the anticancer activity of ethyl acetate extract (JE1) and hydroethanolic extract (JE2) of Jaboticaba peel against breast cancer. Both JE1 and JE2 inhibited clonogenic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells while JE1 was particularly effective in MCF7 cells. Anchorage-independent growth and cell viability was also inhibited by JE1 and JE2. In addition to growth inhibition, JE1 and JE2 could also inhibit migration and invasion of cells. Interestingly, JE1 and JE2 show selective inhibition towards certain breast cancer cells and biological processes. Mechanistic evaluations showed that JE1 induced PARP cleavage, BAX and BIP indicating apoptotic induction. An elevation of phosphorylated ERK was observed in MCF7 cells in response to JE1 and JE2 along with increased IRE-α and CHOP expression indicating increased endoplasmic stress. Therefore, Jaboticaba peel extracts could be potentially considered for further development for breast cancer inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Kelly da Silva-Maia
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mário Roberto Marostica Junior
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Alawad AO, Alagrafi FS, Alfahad AJ, Alamari HA, Alghamdi FO, Fallatah HM, Aodah AH, Alyousef SS, Bakhrebah MA, Alanazi IO, Fallatah MM. Effects of Rhazya Stricta plant organic extracts on human induced pluripotent stem cells derived neural stem cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288032. [PMID: 37478090 PMCID: PMC10361509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhazya Stricta (R. stricta) has been employed as a natural remedy for several diseases for centuries. Numerous studies revealed that R. stricta extracts contain alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids that possess antimicrobial, anticancer, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. In this study, we examined the effects of organic extracts from different parts of R. stricta plant on human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) for medical purposes. NSCs were incubated with different concentrations of organic extracts from the leaves, stem, and fruits, and we assessed the growth and viability of the cells by using MTS assay and the chemical composition of the potential plant extract by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Our results revealed that the methanolic extract from the stem increased NSCs growth significantly, particularly at a concentration of 25 μg/ml. GC/MS analysis was utilized to identify the potential compounds of the methanolic extract. In conclusion, our results demonstrated for the first time that methanolic stem extract of R. stricta contains compounds that can positively impact NSCs growth. These compounds can be further investigated to determine the potential bioactive compounds that can be used for research and medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Othman Alawad
- Aging Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Sultan Alagrafi
- Aging Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Jaman Alfahad
- Bioengineering Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Abdulrahman Alamari
- Bioengineering Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Othman Alghamdi
- Bioengineering Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Mokhtar Fallatah
- Waste Management and Recycling Institute, Sustainability and Environment Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhassan Hamood Aodah
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Suleiman Alyousef
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed Adnan Bakhrebah
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Oqla Alanazi
- Aging Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad Mokhtar Fallatah
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Thagfan F, Dkhil MA, Al-Shaebi EM, Abdel-Gaber R, Al-Quraishy S, Elshanat S. Biosynthesized Nanosilver from Ginger Extract Exhibits Antioxidant and Hepatic Responses during Eimeria papillata Infection. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23806-23811. [PMID: 37426206 PMCID: PMC10324095 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Although several anticoccidial medications have long been used to prevent coccidiosis, their adverse effects necessitate the use of alternative control methods. In this study, Eimeria papillate was used to infect the mouse jejunum, and the response of the liver to induced coccidiosis on treatment with nanosilver synthesized from Zingiber officinale (NS) and the reference anticoccidial drug amprolium was compared. Mice were infected with 1000 sporulated oocysts to induce coccidiosis. NS was able to inhibit the sporulation of E. papillate by approximately 73%, and also, the NS treatment improved the liver function in mice, as proven by lower levels of the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP. Furthermore, treatment with NS improved the parasite-induced liver histological injury. Also, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels increased following treatment. Moreover, the concentrations of metal ions, Fe, Mg, and Cu, were studied, where only the Fe concentration was affected after treatment of the E. papillate-infected mice with Bio-NS. The presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in NS is thought to be responsible for its positive effects. Overall, the current study found that NS outperformed amprolium in E. papillata-induced mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felwa
A. Thagfan
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Dkhil
- Department
of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11732, Egypt
- Applied
Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan
| | - Esam M. Al-Shaebi
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Elshanat
- Department
of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 11511, Egypt
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DKHIL MA, ALJAWDAH HMA, ABDEL-GABER R, THAGFAN FA, DELIC D, AL-QURAISHY S. The effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts from different environmental harvesting locations on Plasmodium chabaudi-induced malaria outcome. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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TONI NAD, GIRGIS JRA, HUSSEIN AW, THAGFAN FA, ABDEL-GABER R, ALI SE, MAREY AM, AL-NAJJAR MAA, ALKHUDHAYRI A, DKHIL MA. In vitro role of biosynthesized nanosilver from Allium sativum against helminths. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.123622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Albeshri A, Baeshen NA, Bouback TA, Aljaddawi AA. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of Rhazya stricta Decne leaves extract against influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103375. [PMID: 35935104 PMCID: PMC9352461 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses have developed resistance to the current classes of drugs, which means they could eventually become more virulent and cause more mortality and hospitalization. Our study aims to investigate the antiviral activity of Rhazya stricta Decne leaves extract in vitro and search for new promising drugs from R. stricta identified compounds in silico. The study was performed in vitro by utilizing Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cell line (MDCK) as a substrate for the influenza virus and estimating the inhibition performance of the plant leaves extract. Additionally, in silico screening was conducted to explore the antiviral activity of R. stricta phytochemicals. We investigated the cytotoxicity of R. stricta leaves extract and its antiviral activity against influenza virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)) using the MTT assay. The mode of action of the plant leaves extract during the viral life cycle was tested using time-of-addition assay. In silico analyses were performed, including molecular docking, drug-likeness analysis, and toxicity risk assessment, to state the leading compounds to be developed into an anti-influenza virus drug. The 50% cytotoxicity concentration of the leaves extract was CC50: 184.6 µg/mL, and the 50% inhibition concentration was CI50: 19.71 µg\mL. The time of addition assay revealed that R. stricta leaves extract exerted its activity in the late step of the influenza virus replication cycle. In comparison to Oseltamivir, the leading compounds showed better binding affinity and can be developed into oral drugs with low toxicity risk. Isolation and purification of the leading compounds and testing their antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo are required.
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Aljawdah HMA, Abdel-Gaber R, Al-Shaebi EM, Thagfan FA, Al-Quraishy S, Qasem MAA, Murshed M, Mares MM, Al-Otaibi T, Hawsah MA, Dkhil MA. Hepatoprotective activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis extract in murine malaria mediated by suppression of oxidative and inflammatory processes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:955042. [PMID: 36034714 PMCID: PMC9412018 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.955042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal extracts are promising agents against various parasitic diseases, such as malaria. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative action of Eucalyptus camaldulensis extract (ECE) against hepatic damage caused by Plasmodium chabaudi infection. Mice were allocated into five groups as follows: two groups served as the control non-infected groups that received distilled water and ECE, respectively; subsequent three groups were infected with 106 P. chabaudi parasitized erythrocytes; the last two groups were infected with the parasite and then treated with ECE and chloroquine. On day 8 post-infection, the parasite count increased inside erythrocytes (59.4% parasitemia in the infected group). Parasitemia was successfully reduced to 9.4% upon ECE treatment. Phytochemical screening using GC mass spectrometry revealed that ECE contained 23 phytochemical components. Total phenolics and flavonoids in ECE were 104 ± 2 and 7.1± 3 µg/mL, respectively, with 57.2% antioxidant activity. ECE ameliorated changes in liver histopathology and enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, ECE prevented oxidative damage induced by the parasite in the liver, as evidenced by the change in the liver concentrations of glutathione, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and catalase. Moreover, ECE was able to regulate the expression of liver cytokines, interleukins-1β and 6, as well as IFN-γ mRNA. ECE possesses antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity against liver injury induced by the parasite P. chabaudi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam M. A. Aljawdah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M. Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Felwa A. Thagfan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood A. A. Qasem
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutee Murshed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Mares
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Al-Otaibi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science and Technology, Al-Nairiyah University College, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysar Abu Hawsah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Dkhil
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohamed A. Dkhil,
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Khan MI, Bouyahya A, Hachlafi NEL, Menyiy NE, Akram M, Sultana S, Zengin G, Ponomareva L, Shariati MA, Ojo OA, Dall'Acqua S, Elebiyo TC. Anticancer properties of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds against breast cancer: a review on recent investigations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24411-24444. [PMID: 35064485 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and recurring diseases and the second leading cause of death in women. Despite prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic options such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the number of occurrences increases every year. Therefore, novel therapeutic drugs targeting specifically different checkpoints should be developed against breast cancer. Among drugs that can be developed to treat breast cancer, natural products, such as plant-derived compounds, showed significant anti-breast cancer properties. These substances belong to different chemical classes such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. They exert their in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cell lines via different mechanisms, including the inhibition of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, the arrest of the cell cycle, and the activation of autophagy. Moreover, they also exhibit anti-angiogenesis and antimetastatic action. Moreover, chemoprevention effects of these bioactive compounds were signaled only for certain drugs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the pharmacological actions of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds on breast cancer. Moreover, the role of these substances in breast cancer chemoprevention was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Idrees Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Naoufal E L Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box-2002, Fez, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Pharmacology & Environmental Health, Fez, Morocco
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabira Sultana
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Lilya Ponomareva
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation
| | | | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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AlQathama A, Bader A, Al-Rehaily A, Gibbons S, Prieto JM. In vitro cytotoxic activities of selected Saudi medicinal plants against human malignant melanoma cells (A375) and the isolation of their active principles. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Janerin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest at the G2/M Phase and Promotes Apoptosis Involving the MAPK Pathway in THP-1, Leukemic Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247555. [PMID: 34946628 PMCID: PMC8705386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Janerin is a cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactone that has been isolated and characterized from different species of the Centaurea genus. In this study, janerin was isolated form Centaurothamnus maximus, and its cytotoxic molecular mechanism was studied in THP-1 human leukemic cells. Janerin inhibited the proliferation of THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Janerin caused the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by decreasing the CDK1/Cyclin-B complex. Subsequently, we found that janerin promoted THP-1 cell death through apoptosis as indicated by flow cytometry. Moreover, apoptosis induction was confirmed by the upregulation of Bax, cleaved PARP-1, and cleaved caspase 3 and the downregulation of an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 biomarker. In addition, immunoblotting indicated a dose dependent upregulation of P38-MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation during janerin treatment. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that janerin may be capable of inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the MAPK pathway, which would be one of the mechanisms underlying its anticancer activity. As a result, janerin has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for leukemia.
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Albeshri A, Baeshen NA, Bouback TA, Aljaddawi AA. A Review of Rhazya stricta Decne Phytochemistry, Bioactivities, Pharmacological Activities, Toxicity, and Folkloric Medicinal Uses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112508. [PMID: 34834871 PMCID: PMC8619226 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The local medicinal plant Rhazya stricta Decne is reviewed for its folkloric medicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological, biological, and toxicological features. R. stricta has been used widely in different cultures for various medical disorders. The phytochemical studies performed on the R. stricta extract revealed many alkaloidal and fatty acid compounds. Moreover, several flavonoid and terpenoid compounds were also detected. Pharmacological activates of R. stricta extracts are approved to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities. Additionally, R. stricta extract was found to hold biological activates such as larvicidal and phytoremediation activates R. stricta extract was found to be toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. R. stricta contains novel phytochemical compounds that have not been investigated pharmacologically. Further research is needed through in vitro and in vivo experiments to pave the road for these compounds for medical, veterinary, and ecological uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Albeshri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.B.); (T.A.B.); (A.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nabih A. Baeshen
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.B.); (T.A.B.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Thamer A. Bouback
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.B.); (T.A.B.); (A.A.A.)
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Aljaddawi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.B.); (T.A.B.); (A.A.A.)
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Al-Mekhlafi FA, Abutaha N, Al-Doaiss AA, Ahmed Al-Keridis L, Alsayadi AI, Ali El Hadi Mohamed R, Wadaan MA, Elfaki Ibrahim K, Al-Khalifa MS. Target and non-target effects of Foeniculum vulgare and Matricaria chamomilla combined extract on Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5773-5780. [PMID: 34588890 PMCID: PMC8459038 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on extracting green larvicides from extracts of the combination of Foeniculum vulgare and Matricaria chamomilla using different solvents of increasing polarity in a Soxhlet extractor and evaluating their ovicidal, larvicidal, and cytotoxic activities. The most promising among all tested extracts was hexane extract. The ovicidal activity of the hexane PH2 extract resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in egg hatchability from 95.00 ± 6.16% to 15 ± 9.04% at doses ranging from 62.5 to 500 µg/mL. The larval mortality with the hexane extract ranged from 13.33 ± 3.3% to 93.33 ± 3.3% at doses ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/mL, respectively. The LC50 and LC90 values of the larvicidal activity of the hexane extract were estimated to be 148.3 and 242.17 µg/mL, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. Similarly, the LC50 values after 48 and 72 h of exposure were 124.93 and 100.3 µg/mL, respectively, against the third instar of Cx. pipiens. PH2 treatment of larvae resulted in histopathological changes such as degenerated epithelial cells and destruction of microvilli on the epithelial cells. The PH2 extract achieved a dose-dependent decrease in the rate of cell survival. The IC50 value of PH2-treated HUVECs was 192.07 µg/mL after 24 h of incubation. The cells showed changes in cellular and nuclear morphology. In conclusion, the hexane extract of PH2 could be used in mosquito management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi
- Bioproducts Research Chair Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Yemen
| | - Nael Abutaha
- Bioproducts Research Chair Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin A Al-Doaiss
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdurrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I Alsayadi
- Bioproducts Research Chair Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdurrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Noman OM, Nasr FA, Alqahtani AS, Al-zharani M, Cordero MAW, Alotaibi AA, Bepari A, Alarifi S, Daoud A. Comparative study of antioxidant and anticancer activities and HPTLC quantification of rutin in white radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) leaves and root extracts grown in Saudi Arabia. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The nutrient contents of Raphanus sativus L. (white radish) leaves (RSLs) and roots are known to have promising vital effects. We comparatively investigated the leaves and roots of R. sativus grown in Saudi Arabia to estimate the total phenol and flavonoid contents using the standard colorimetric methods. The antioxidant activity of RSLs and R. sativus roots (RSRs) were measured by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Both extracts’ cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay against several human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7). High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used to identify and quantify the biomarker compound rutin in both extracts. The total phenolic content in RSLs (125.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g) was higher than that in roots (95.8 of GAE/g), whereas the flavonoid content (44.5 mg of quercetin equivalent [QE]/g) was almost double compared in RSR extract (24.4 of QE/g). Similarly, RSLs exhibited a higher antioxidative activity than RSRs in both DPPH (IC50 216.8 vs 359.7 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 326.7 vs 549 µg/mL) models. RSLs also demonstrated the highest antiproliferative efficiency against all cell lines, with IC50 values of 217–453 µg/mL. The reversed-phase-high-performance thin-layer chromatography results showed the presence of rutin (5.2 µg/mg) only in RSLs. Our study indicates RSLs as a promising source of bioactive compounds compared with roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mary Anne W. Cordero
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A. Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Daoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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17
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Barnawi IO, Nasr FA, Noman OM, Alqahtani AS, Al-zharani M, Alotaibi AA, Daradka HM, Al-Mishari AA, Alobaid WA, Alqahtani A, Herqash RN. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by chloroform fraction of Juniperus phoenicea and chemical constituents analysis. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Different phytochemicals from various plant species exhibit promising medicinal properties against cancer. Juniperus phoenicea is a plant species that has been found to present medicinal properties. Herein, crude extract and fractions of J. phoenicea were examined to determine its anticancer properties against several cancer cells. The active fraction was chosen to assess its activity on cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by annexin and propidium iodide (PI) biomarkers. Further, phytochemical screening for possible contents of active fraction using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted. It was demonstrated that cell proliferation was suppressed, and the MCF-7 cell line was the most sensitive to J. phoenicea chloroform fraction (JPCF), with the IC50 values of 24.5 μg/mL. The anti-proliferation activity of JPCF in MCF-7 cells was linked to the aggregation of cells in the G1 phase, increases in early and late apoptosis as well as necrotic cell death. Contents analysis of JPCF using GC-MS analysis identified 3-methyl-5-(2′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-1′-enyl)-1-penten-3-ol (16.5%), methyl 8-oxooctanoate (15.61%), cubenol (13.48%), and 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane (12.14%) as major constituents. Our present study provides clear evidence that J. phoenicea can inhibit cell proliferation, trigger cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis in tested cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim O. Barnawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Taibah University , Al-Madinah Al- Munawwarah 41321 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A. Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Haytham M. Daradka
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Taibah University , Al-Madinah Al- Munawwarah 41321 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Al-Mishari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed A Alobaid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasheed N. Herqash
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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18
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Al-Zharani M, Qurtam AA, Daoush WM, Eisa MH, Aljarba NH, Alkahtani S, Nasr FA. Antitumor effect of copper nanoparticles on human breast and colon malignancies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1587-1595. [PMID: 32851522 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast and colon carcinomas are two types of common cancers which lead to cancer-related deaths. Due to their cytotoxic potential against cancer cells, recently many studies of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have been conducted. In the current work, we aim to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects of CuNPs on the human breast (MCF-7) and colon (LoVo) cancer cells. CuNPs were prepared in starch-stabilizing aqueous solution by electroless deposition technique in alkaline tartrate bath using formaldehyde as the reducing agent of copper sulfate. The obtained CuNPs were characterized by SEM, TEM, and XRD to confirm the particle size, morphology, and chemical composition. Standard colorimetric MTT and LDH assays were used to estimate the cytotoxic effect of CuNPs on MCF-7 and LoVo cells. Furthermore, CuNP-treated cells undergoing apoptosis were assessed based on the expression of apoptosis-related genes using qRT-PCR. The results indicate that the mean particle size of the synthesized CuNPs was ~ 50-60 nm, and they were spherical in shape with mainly the chemical structure of the copper metallic phase. MTT assay revealed that CuNPs induced cytotoxicity in tested cells with IC50 rates of 16.4 (in MCF-7) and 21.6 μg/ml (in LoVo). Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis showed that CuNPs caused a significant increment of Bax, P53, and Caspases 9, 8, and 3 genes. Overall, the anticancer potential of prepared CuNPs were reported through apoptotic induction which highlight the potential use of CuNPs as an efficient anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Mohamed Daoush
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Production Technology, Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Saray-El Qoupa, El Sawah Street, Cairo, 11281, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hassan Eisa
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, College of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, 11113, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Nada Hamad Aljarba
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Isolation, Characterization, and HPTLC-Quantification of Compounds with Anticancer Potential from Loranthus Acaciae Zucc. SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of the crude extract of Loranthus acaciae Zucc. and its n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol fractions were assessed against three cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was determined using an annexin V-phycoerythrin/7-aminoactinomycin kit. We observed that the L. acaciae n-hexane extract (LAHE) could inhibit cancer cell growth, particularly of MCF7 and A549 cells. Chromatographic purification of LAHE and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis led to the identification of two compounds from this plant species, namely, betulinic acid and β-sitosterol, for the first time. Flow cytometry study suggested that betulinic acid induced cell death via apoptosis, as a distinguished marked enhancement in the early and late apoptosis of human lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. The isolated compounds were further estimated concurrently in LAHE using a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method on a 10 × 10 cm2 HPTLC plate with chloroform, methanol, and glacial acetic acid (97:2:1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase and a λmax of 540 nm. The amounts of betulinic acid and β-sitosterol in LAHE were 69.46 and 135.53 µg/mg of dried weight of extract, respectively. The excellent cytotoxic effect of LAHE could be attributed to the presence of ample amounts of betulinic acid.
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20
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唐 兆, 王 文, 刘 自, 孙 晓, 廖 正, 陈 飞, 蒋 光, 霍 钢. [Blocking ERK signaling pathway lowers MMP-9 expression to alleviate brain edema after traumatic brain injury in rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1018-1022. [PMID: 32895167 PMCID: PMC7386209 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.07.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of blocking the activation of ERK pathway on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the formation of cerebral edema in SD rats after brain injury. METHODS Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, including a sham-operated group, modified Feeney's traumatic brain injury model group, and ERK inhibition group where the ERK inhibitor SCH772984 (500 μg/kg) was injected via the femoral vein 15 min before brain trauma. At 2 h and 2 days after brain trauma, the permeability of blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue method, the water content of the brain tissue was determined, and the phosphorylation level of ERK and the expression level of MMP-9 mRNA and protein were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats with brain trauma exhibited significantly increased level of ERK phosphorylation at 2 h and significantly increased expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury (P < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of ERK after the injury (P < 0.01), suppressed over-expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury (P < 0.01). The permeability of blood-brain barrier increased significantly 2 h after brain trauma (P < 0.05) and increased further at 2 days (P < 0.01); the water content of the brain did not change significantly at 2 h (P > 0.05) but increased significantly 2 d after the injury (P < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly lowered the permeability of blood-brain barrier and brain water content after brain trauma (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Blocking the activation of ERK pathway significantly reduced the over-expression of MMP-9 and alleviates the damage of blood-brain barrier and traumatic brain edema, suggesting that ERK signaling pathway plays an important role in traumatic brain edema by regulating the expression of MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- 兆华 唐
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - 文涛 王
- 西北大学附属医院神经外科,陕西 西安 710018Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710018, China
| | - 自力 刘
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - 晓川 孙
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - 正步 廖
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - 飞兰 陈
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - 光远 蒋
- 重庆 市中医院神经外科,重庆 400021Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - 钢 霍
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经外科,重庆 400016Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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21
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Karunakaran T, Firouz NS, Santhanam R, Jong VYM. Phytochemicals from Calophyllum macrocarpum Hook.f. and its cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:654-659. [PMID: 32674628 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1795658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Species from the Genus Calophyllum are rich source for bioactive phenolic compounds such as coumarins and xanthones. Phytochemical study carried out on the plant, Calophyllum macrocarpum has led to the isolation of three known prenylated xanthones, ananixanthone (1), trapezifolixanthone (2) and 8-deoxygartanin (3) with two common triterpenoids, stigmasterol (4), and friedelin (5). The structures of these compounds were identified and determined using spectroscopic techniques such as NMR and MS. The cytotoxic activities of compounds 1 and 2 as well as the extracts were tested against HeLa Chang liver and HEK-293 cell lines. Compound 1 exhibited appreciable cytotoxicity with the IC50 value of 11.08 ± 3.09 µM against HeLa Chang liver cell line and moderate cytotoxicity against HEK-293 cell line while compound 2 showed limited toxicity against these two cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruventhan Karunakaran
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.,School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Rameshkumar Santhanam
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Vivien Yi Mian Jong
- Centre of Applied Science Studies, Universiti Teknologi Mara, UiTM, Kuching, Sarawak Malaysia
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22
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Galam N, Tulay P, Adali T. In Vitro MCF-7 Cells Apoptosis Analysis of Carboplatin Loaded Silk Fibroin Particles. Molecules 2020; 25:E1110. [PMID: 32131498 PMCID: PMC7179122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks as the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is commonly used directly or as neo-adjuvant therapy for the management of breast cancer with its attendant adverse effects, underscoring the need to develop biocompatible bioactive compounds for pharmacological applications. The aim of this study is to encapsulate carboplatin (CP) with silk fibroin protein (SF) by using an ionic gelation method as a drug carrier system and assess the apoptotic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells during in vitro studies. The characterization of silk fibroin encapsulated carboplatin (SFCP) microparticles was analyzed by FTIR spectrophotometer, SEM, Mastersizer, and biodegradation methods. The encapsulation efficiency and release profile of SFCP microparticles were analyzed by an indirect UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. An apoptotic screening of MCF-7 cells was carried out with 10-200 µg/mL CP loaded SFCP, which were cultured for 24, 48, and 72 h. Data were analyzed using the Student's t test and analysis of variance. FTIR and drug release studies confirmed an interaction of silk fibroin with the carboplatin moiety. SFCP showed successful encapsulation of the carboplatin moiety. Apoptotic screening showed a dose dependent increase in absorbance, indicating significant cell death (p < 0.05). Thus, the direct apoptotic effect of SFCP microparticles on MCF-7 was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyak Galam
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Research Center, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tulay
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey;
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Terin Adali
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Research Center, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, P.O. Box 99138 North Cyprus, 10 99138 Mersin, Turkey
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