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Khaled N, Ibrahim N, Ali AE, Youssef FS, El-Ahmady SH. LC-qTOF-MS/MS phytochemical profiling of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex DC.) Standl. leaf and assessment of its neuroprotective potential in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118292. [PMID: 38705428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tabebuia impetiginosa (Bignoniaceae) was traditionally used for memory enhancement and central nervous system (CNS) stimulation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to create a metabolic profile of the ethyl acetate fraction of T. impetiginosa (TEF) and investigate for the first time its neuroprotective potential on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced chemobrain, validating its traditional use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Metabolite profiling of TEF was performed using Liquid Chromatography coupled with Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass/Mass Spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS/MS). For the in vivo study, CP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to induce cognitive impairment in rats; TEF (30 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered throughout the 14 days of the experiment to assess its role in mitigating CP-induced neuronal deficits. Behavioral tests including locomotor, Y-maze, and passive avoidance tests were conducted. Additionally, biochemical markers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and caspase-3 immunoexpression were assessed in the hippocampus area. RESULTS Forty-four phytoconstituents were tentatively identified in TEF, mainly iridoids and organic acids. TEF showed significant memory enhancement as evidenced by the increase in step-through latency in the passive avoidance test by 1.5 folds and the increase in sequence alternation percentage (SAP) in the Y-maze test by 67.3%, as compared to CP-group. Moreover, it showed pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials evidenced by the significant elevation in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels by 80% and a pronounced decline in MDA and TNF-α levels by 24% and 45%, respectively relative to the CP group. TEF treatment restored normal hippocampal histological features and attenuated apoptotic caspase-3 expression by 70% compared to the CP group. CONCLUSIONS TEF can act as a promising natural scaffold in managing the chemobrain induced by CP in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma Khaled
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Nehal Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Alaa E Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Ceylan C, Cetin N, Menevse E, Celik ZE, Akdam N, Pasayeva L, Tugay O, Rama ST, Buyukyıldırım T, Kose H, Ulukus D. Echinophora tournefortii Jaub. & Spach: Evaluation of the effect on indomethacin-induced gastric ulser in rats and phytochemical analyses by LC-HRMS. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106072. [PMID: 38897249 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
E. tournefortii has wound healing properties in folk medicine and 5% infusions are used for stomach ulcers. It is also used in colds, abdominal pain, digestive problems, as an appetite enhancer and antispasmodic. For this purpose, in the study biochemical and histopathological evaluation of the ulcer protective effect of the extract obtained from the E. tournefortii in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats was aimed to develop new strategies in the treatment of ulcers. The phytochemical profile of the plant was elucidated for the first time by LC-HRMS in this study. The results indicate that, in terms of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, PGE2, NF-κB, VEGF, NO, COX-1 and COX-2 biochemical parameters, E. tournefortii protects the gastric mucosa to the inflammation, and also modulates the PGE2 pathway, and has a similar effect or even a more positive effect than the reference substance lansoprazole. According to LC-HRMS analysis results, chlorogenic acid, genistein and quinic acid were the main constituents of E. tournefortii extract with 1397.081, 1014.177 and 992.527μg/g extract, respectively. Considering the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of these phenolic components, it is thought that the major components are responsible for the anti-ulcer activity of the E. tournefortii extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengizhan Ceylan
- Selcuk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Nihal Cetin
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Konya, 42131, Turkey.
| | - Esma Menevse
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Esin Celik
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Neriman Akdam
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Leyla Pasayeva
- Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Kayseri, 38280, Turkey
| | - Osman Tugay
- Selcuk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Seyma Tetik Rama
- Selcuk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Konya, 42131, Turkey; Ankara University Graduate School of Health Science, Department of Pharmacology, Ankara, 06110, Turkey
| | - Tugsen Buyukyıldırım
- Selcuk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Konya, 42131, Turkey; Gazi University Graduate School of Health Science, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ankara, 06500, Turkey
| | - Hamiyet Kose
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Konya, 42131, Turkey
| | - Deniz Ulukus
- Selcuk University Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Konya, 42131, Turkey
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Cai X, Wu J, Lian Y, Yang S, Xue Q, Li D, Wu D. Characterization and Discrimination of Marigold Oleoresin from Different Origins Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking and Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Metabolites 2024; 14:225. [PMID: 38668353 PMCID: PMC11051770 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marigold oleoresin is an oil-soluble natural colorant mainly extracted from marigold flowers. Xinjiang of China, India, and Zambia of Africa are the three main production areas of marigold flowers. Therefore, this study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) technology, combined with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and multivariate statistical analysis, for the qualitative and discriminant analysis of marigold oleoresin obtained from three different regions. Firstly, 83 compounds were identified in these marigold oleoresin samples. Furthermore, the results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated significant differences in the chemical compositions of the marigold oleoresin samples from different regions. Finally, 12, 23, and 38 differential metabolites were, respectively, identified by comparing the marigold oleoresin from Africa with Xinjiang, Africa with India, and Xinjiang with India. In summary, these results can be used to distinguish marigold oleoresin samples from different regions, laying a solid foundation for further quality control and providing a theoretical basis for assessing its safety and nutritional aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Cai
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources in Hebei Province, Handan 057250, China
| | - Yunhe Lian
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Shuaiyao Yang
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Qiang Xue
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group HanDan Co., Ltd., Handan 056000, China
| | - Dewang Li
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Di Wu
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources in Hebei Province, Handan 057250, China
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Saeed Kotb S, Ayoub IM, El-Moghazy SA, Singab ANB. Phytochemical analysis of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth Bark via UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and evaluation of its biological activity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1424-1429. [PMID: 36318868 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2140153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The metabolites profile of Egyptian P. dulce bark was investigated using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis with subsequent analysis of its cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Asides, in silico molecular docking study was performed for validation of cytotoxicity. P. dulce bark showed richness in polyphenolics and flavonoids, displaying 575.5 mg GAE/g extract (total phenolic content) and 310.82 mg CE/g extract (flavonoid content). A total of 29 compounds were tentatively identified. Proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids were the major classes observed. P. dulce bark possessed promising antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, however, it exhibited a weak antimicrobial activity. No antifungal activity was observed. In silico molecular docking revealed that daidzein compound achieved the best interaction energy score on the 5II2 of Gibbs free energy of -6.911 kcal/mol. This study revealed that P. dulce bark can be introduced as a potential source for valuable bioactive compounds that supporting its usage in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Saeed Kotb
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa A El-Moghazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Basit A, Khan KUR, Rahman AU, Khan M, Ahmad T, Arafat M, Khan KU, Nalinbenjapun S, Sripetthong S, Ovatlarnporn C. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS profiling of Viola stocksii Boiss. and evaluation of aphrodisiac potential and risk factors associated with erectile dysfunction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117477. [PMID: 38007166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Viola stocksii Boiss. locally known as makhni or makhanr booti, is an important medicinal food plant with multiple therapeutic applications, including erectile dysfunction (ED). It is mixed with butter and used for boosting energy and sexual health in the subcontinent. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition, aphrodisiac potential and effect of V. stocksii on the risk factors associated with ED. METHODOLOGY The hydroethanolic extract of V. stocksii (HEEVS) was prepared through the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique. The chemical composition was evaluated using preliminary phytochemical screening and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Metals and minerals analysis was performed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The aphrodisiac activity of HEEVS was evaluated using an in vivo aphrodisiac model established in male albino rats and the effect on various sexual parameters such as mount, intromission, ejaculation frequencies and mount, intromission, ejaculation latencies, postejaculatory interval, penile reflexes and serum hormone concentration were analyzed. The effect of HEEVS on various risk factors associated with ED, including prostate cancer (PC), bacterial infections, diabetes and obesity, was evaluated using various in vitro assays. Moreover, four compounds were selected from the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS profile and evaluated for in silico computational analysis against phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) for possible interaction. FINDINGS The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites in HEEVS, while 58 compounds were tentatively identified in the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Various important minerals and metals such as zinc, calcium, cadmium and magnesium were detected in the atomic absorption spectrometry analysis. The in vivo aphrodisiac evaluation showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the mount, intromission and ejaculation frequencies and a decrease in the mount, intromission latencies and post-ejaculatory intervals at a dose of 300 mg/kg. A marked (p < 0.05) increase was observed in the concentration of serum testosterone and luteinizing hormones in HEEVS treated animals with a significant increase in total penile reflexes. The extract displayed significant anti-prostate cancer activity and a potential antibacterial spectrum against E. coli and S. aureus, with MIC50 values of 215.72 μg/mL and 139.05 μg/mL, respectively. Similarly, HEEVS was found active towards pancreatic lipase (67.34 ± 1.03%), α-glucosidase (3.87 ± 0.54 mmol ACAE/g d.w.) and α-amylase (6.98 ± 1.63 mmol ACAE/g d.w.). The in silico docking study presented a potential interaction between the selected compounds and residues of the active site of PDE-5. CONCLUSION This report highlights the aphrodisiac potential of V. stocksii and provides experimental support for its traditional use in ED with an attenuative effect on the risk factors associated with ED. Moreover, the chemical composition displayed the presence of functional phytoconstituents and minerals in HEEVS and paves the way for the isolation of compounds with potent aphrodisiac activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Drug Delivery System and Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Kashif Ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Asad Ur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Tawseef Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Mosab Arafat
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kifayat Ullah Khan
- Quaid-e-Azam College of Pharmacy, Quaid-e-Azam Educational Complex, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sirinporn Nalinbenjapun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Drug Delivery System and Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sasikarn Sripetthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Drug Delivery System and Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Drug Delivery System and Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Yang X, Wang L, Cui X, Zhang J, Liang Y, Luo Z, Zhou B, Jiang Z, Yang RYH, Wu Y, Wei K, Du M, Qin S, Dai C, Zhao G. Proteomics and network pharmacology of Ganshu Nuodan capsules in the prevention of alcoholic liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1229777. [PMID: 37795374 PMCID: PMC10547213 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1229777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ganshu Nuodan is a liver-protecting dietary supplement composed of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) spore powder, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. (P. montana), Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza) and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. (A. membranaceus). However, its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action remain unknown. Methods A mouse model of acute alcohol liver disease (ALD) induced by intragastric administration of 50% alcohol was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan. The chemical constituents of Ganshu Nuodan were comprehensively identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS, and then its pharmacodynamic material basis and potential mechanism of action were explored by proteomics and network pharmacology. Results Ganshu Nuodan could ameliorate acute ALD, which is mainly manifested in the significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver and the remarkably increase of glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver. Totally 76 chemical constituents were identified from Ganshu Nuodan by UPLC-QTOF/MS, including 21 quinones, 18 flavonoids, 11 organic acids, 7 terpenoids, 5 ketones, 4 sterols, 3 coumarins and 7 others. Three key signaling pathways were identified via proteomics studies, namely Arachidonic acid metabolism, Retinol metabolism, and HIF-1 signaling pathway respectively. Combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking, six key targets were subsequently obtained, including Ephx2, Lta4h, Map2k1, Stat3, Mtor and Dgat1. Finally, these six key targets and their related components were verified by molecular docking, which could explain the material basis of the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan. Conclusion Ganshu Nuodan can protect acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress, lipid accumulation and apoptosis. Our study provides a scientific basis for the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan in acute ALD mice and supports its traditional application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuejie Cui
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Zhaojing Luo
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingxue Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rachel Y. H. Yang
- Upper School, La Jolla Country Day School, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Maobo Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Chen Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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El-Gendy ZA, Taher RF, Elgamal AM, Serag A, Hassan A, Jaleel GAA, Farag MA, Elshamy AI. Metabolites Profiling and Bioassays Reveal Bassia indica Ethanol Extract Protective Effect against Stomach Ulcers Development via HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1263. [PMID: 37371993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical manifestation of gastric ulcers is frequent, in addition to their costly drug regimens, warranting the development of novel drugs at lower costs. Although Bassia indica is well characterized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, capacity of its ethanol extract (BIEE) to prevent stomach ulcers' progression has not been reported. A nuclear protein termed high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays a key role in the formation of stomach ulcers by triggering a number of inflammatory responses. The main purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic capabilities of BIEE against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats via the HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-B signaling pathway. HMGB1 and Nuclear factor kappa (NF-B) expression, IL-1β and Nrf2 contents showed an increase along with ulcer development, concurrent with an increase in immunohistochemical TLR-4 level. In contrast, pre-treatment with BIEE significantly reduced HMGB1 and Nuclear factor kappa (NF-B) expression levels, IL-1β and Nrf2 contents and ulcer index value. Such protective action was further confirmed based on histological and immunohistochemical TLR-4 assays. Untargeted analysis via UPLC-ESI-Qtof-MS has allowed for the comprehensive characterization of 40 metabolites in BIEE mostly belonged to two main chemical classes, viz., flavonoids and lipids. These key metabolites, particularly flavonoids, suggesting a mediation for the anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic properties of BIEE, pose it as a promising natural drug regimen for treatment of stomach ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab A El-Gendy
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab F Taher
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelbaset M Elgamal
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Azza Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Gehad A Abdel Jaleel
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Jia X, He Y, Li L, Xu D. Pharmacological targeting of gastric mucosal barrier with traditional Chinese medications for repairing gastric mucosal injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1091530. [PMID: 37361204 PMCID: PMC10285076 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The gastric mucosa (GM) is the first barrier and vital interface in the stomach that protects the host from hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and defends against exogenous insults to gastric tissues. The use of traditional Chinese medications (TCMs) for the treatment of gastric mucosal injury (GMI) has long-standing history and a good curative effect. Whereas there are poor overall reports on the intrinsic mechanisms of these TCM preparations that pharmacology uses to protect body from GMI, which is crucial to treating this disease. These existing reviews have deficiencies that limit the clinical application and development of both customary prescriptions and new drugs. Methods: Further basic and translational studies must be done to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms of influence of these TCM preparations. Moreover, well-designed and well-conducted experiences and clinical trials are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and mechanisms of these agents. Therefore, this paper presents a focused overview of currently published literature to assess how TCMs action that facilitates the cures for GMI. It offers a whole train of current state of pharmacological evidence, identifies the pharmacological mechanisms of TCMs on GM, and highlights that remarkable capacity of TCMs to restore GM after damage. Results: These TCMs preparations promote the repair of multicomponent targets such as the gastric mucus, epithelial layer, blood flow (GMBF) and lamina propria barrier. Summary: Overall, this study has summarized the essential regulatory mechanisms and pharmacological efficacy of TCMs on new and productive therapeutic targets. Discussion: This review provides an avenue for studying various drugs with potentially promising effects on mucosal integrity, as well as subsequent pharmacological studies, clinical applications, and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Jia
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yihuai He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Hassan HA, Ayoub IM, Ragab TIM, Afifi SM, El-Gendy AENG, Farrag ARH, Abd-ELGawad AM, Farag M, Elshamy A, Ammar NM. Metabolomics approach of Symphyotrichum squamatum ethanol extract and its nano-Ag formulation protective effect on gastric ulcer via bio-chemical and pathological analyses. Biomarkers 2023; 28:190-205. [PMID: 36484430 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2157488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ContextGastric ulcer (GU) a widely distributed ailment is associated with many causes, including alcohol consumption.Materials and MethodsChemical profiling of Symphyotrichum squamatum ethanol extract (SSEE) was established via ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-qTOF-MS) and employed in a silver nano-formulation (SSEE-N-Ag). SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag antiulcer activities were estimated against ethanol-induced rats by biochemical, histological, and metabolomics assessments. Reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity and prostaglandin E2 levels and gastric mucosa histopathological examination were analysed. The rats' metabolome changing alongside action pathways were elucidated via metabolite profile coupled to multivariate data analysis.ResultsUPLC-MS profiling of SSEE identified 75 components belonging to various classes. Compared with control, EtOH-treated rats showed decreased of tissue GSH, TAC and PGE2 by 62.32%, 51.85% and 47.03% respectively. SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag administration mitigated biochemical and histopathological alterations. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed for changes in several low molecular weight metabolites with ulcer development. These metabolites levels were restored to normal post-administration of SSEE-N-Ag. SSEE-N-Ag as mediated via modulating numerous metabolic pathways such as lipids, pyrimidine, energy metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signalling. This study provides novel insight for metabolic mechanisms underlying gastric ulcer relieving effect.ConclusionPresent results revealed potential antiulcer effect of SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag by decreasing ulcer-associated syndromes, supporting their anti-ulcerogenic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Hassan
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer I M Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed M Abd-ELGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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10
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Lv Y, Xu X, Wei Y, Shen Y, Chen W, Wei X, Wang J, Xin J, He J, Zu X. Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020204. [PMID: 36837823 PMCID: PMC9963253 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonis Radix, also known as "Maidong" (MD) in China, is frequently sulfur-fumigated (SF) in the pretreatment process of MD to improve the appearance and facilitate preservation. However, the process leads to changes in chemical composition, so it is essential to develop an approach to identify the chemical characteristics between nonfumigated and sulfur-fumigated products. This paper provided a practical method based on UPLC-QTOF-MS combined Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) with multivariate statistical analysis for the characterization and discrimination of MD with different levels of sulfur fumigation, high concentration sulfur fumigation (HS), low concentration sulfur fumigation (LS) and without sulfur fumigation (WS). First, a number of 98 compounds were identified in those MD samples. Additionally, the results of Principal component analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) demonstrated that there were significant chemical differences in the chemical composition of MD with different degrees of SF. Finally, fourteen and sixteen chemical markers were identified upon the comparison between HS and WS, LS and WS, respectively. Overall, these results can be able to discriminate MD with different levels of SF as well as establish a solid foundation for further quality control and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanping Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xintong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiayun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jixiang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +086-0531-89628200 (J.H.); +086-021-81871248 (X.Z.)
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +086-0531-89628200 (J.H.); +086-021-81871248 (X.Z.)
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11
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El-Wakil ES, Shaker S, Aboushousha T, Abdel-Hameed ESS, Osman EEA. In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic and chemical studies of Cyperus rotundus L. extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:15. [PMID: 36658562 PMCID: PMC9850539 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichinellosis, a zoonosis caused by the genus Trichinella, is a widespread foodborne disease. Albendazole, one of the benzimidazole derivatives, is used for treating human trichinellosis, but with limited efficacy in killing the encysted larvae and numerous adverse effects. Cyperus rotundus L. is a herbal plant with a wide range of medicinal uses, including antiparasitic, and is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses. METHODS LC-ESI-MS was used to identify the active phytoconstituents in the methanol extract (MeOH ext.) of the aerial parts of C. rotundus and its derivate fractions ethyl acetate (EtOAc fr.), petroleum ether (pet-ether fr.), and normal butanol (n-BuOH fr.). The in vivo therapeutic effects of C. rotundus fractions of the extracts were evaluated using the fraction that showed the most promising effect after detecting their in vitro anti-Trichinella spiralis potential. RESULTS C. rotundus extracts are rich in different phytochemicals, and the LC-ESI-MS of the 90% methanol extract identified 26 phenolic compounds classified as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and organic acids. The in vitro studies showed that C. rotundus extracts had a lethal effect on T. spiralis adults, and the LC50 were 156.12 µg/ml, 294.67 µg/ml, 82.09 µg/ml, and 73.16 µg/ml in 90% MeOH ext., EtOAc fr., pet-ether fr. and n-BuOH fr., respectively. The n-BuOH fr. was shown to have the most promising effects in the in vitro studies, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The in vivo effects of n-BuOH fr. alone and in combination with albendazole using a mouse model were evaluated by counting adults in the small intestine and larvae in the muscles, in addition to the histopathological changes in the small intestine and the muscles. In the treated groups, there was a significant decrease in the number of adults and larvae compared to the control group. Histopathologically, treated groups showed a remarkable improvement in the small intestine and muscle changes. Remarkably, maximal therapeutic effects were detected in the combination therapy compared to each monotherapy. CONCLUSION Accordingly, C. rotundus extracts may have anti-T. spiralis potential, particularly when combined with albendazole, and they may be used as synergistic to anti-T. spiralis medication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S. El-Wakil
- grid.420091.e0000 0001 0165 571XDepartment of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411 Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Shaker
- grid.420091.e0000 0001 0165 571XDepartment of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411 Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek Aboushousha
- grid.420091.e0000 0001 0165 571XDepartment of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411 Giza, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed S. Abdel-Hameed
- grid.420091.e0000 0001 0165 571XDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ezzat E. A. Osman
- grid.420091.e0000 0001 0165 571XDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411 Giza, Egypt
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12
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Al-Rooqi MM, Mughal EU, Raja QA, Hussein EM, Naeem N, Sadiq A, Asghar BH, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Flavonoids and related privileged scaffolds as potential urease inhibitors: a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3210-3233. [PMID: 36756398 PMCID: PMC9869662 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08284e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by bacteria are a significant issue on a global scale, and imperative action is required to discover novel or improved therapeutic agents. Flavonoids are a class of plant-derived compounds that have a variety of potentially useful bioactivities. These activities include immediate antimicrobial properties, synergistic effect with antimicrobials, ferocious repression of pathogenicity, anti-urease activity etc. This review summarizes current studies concerning anti-urease actions of flavonoids as well as structural-activity correlation investigations of the flavonoid core structure. It is possible that if researchers investigate the many structural changes that may be made in flavonoid rings, they'll be able to build up novel compounds that have powerful and effective anti-urease properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munirah M Al-Rooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Essam M Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
| | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat-50700 Pakistan
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Sialkot-51300 Pakistan
| | - Basim H Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
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Comparative metabolic profiling of olive leaf extracts from twelve different cultivars collected in both fruiting and flowering seasons. Sci Rep 2023; 13:612. [PMID: 36635360 PMCID: PMC9837098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Olea europaea is an economically significant crop native to Mediterranean countries. Its leaves exhibit several biological properties associated to their chemical composition. The aqueous ethanolic extracts of olive leaves from twelve different cultivars were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/PDA/ESI-MS/MS). A total of 49 phytochemicals were identified in both positive and negative ionization modes. The identified compounds belonged to four classes of secondary metabolites including secoiridoids, flavonoids, pentacyclic triterpenoids and various phenolic compounds. Seasonal variation in chemical composition among the studied cultivars was apparent in autumn and spring. Secologanoside, oleuropein, hydroxy-oleuropein, demethyl oleuropein, gallocatechin, luteolin-O-hexoside, diosmetin, oleanolic acid and maslinic acid were detected in all cultivars in both seasons. Oleuropein-O-deoxyhexoside was tentatively identified for the first time in olive leaf extracts; detected only in the Spanish cultivar Picual (PIC) collected in spring. Also, dihydroxy-oxooleanenoic acid and hydroxy-oxooleanenoic acid, two bioactive pentacyclic triterpenes, were identified. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed good discrimination among the studied cultivars in terms of their botanical origin. This study is considered the first study for non-targeted metabolic profiling of different olive leaf cultivars cultivated in Egypt.
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14
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Basit A, Ahmad S, Khan KUR, Aati HY, Sherif AE, Ovatlarnporn C, Khan S, Rao H, Arshad MA, Shahzad MN, Perveen S. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential of Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae): A comprehensive biochemical, toxicological, and in silico computational study. Front Chem 2023; 10:1077581. [PMID: 36688045 PMCID: PMC9853444 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1077581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae) is an important edible plant with ethnomedicinal significance. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxicity aspects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of C. amara (HAECA). Methods: The phytochemical composition was evaluated through total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) determination and UPLC-QTOF-MS profiling. Anti-inflammatory evaluation of HAECA was carried out through the carrageenan induced paw edema model. Four in vitro methods were applied in the antioxidant evaluation of HAECA. MTT assay was used to investigate the toxicity profile of the species against human normal liver cells (HL7702), human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2) and human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). Three major compounds (Gentisic acid, skullcapflavone and conidendrine) identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis were selected for in silico study against cyclooxygenase (COX-I and COX-II). Results and Discussion: The findings revealed that HAECA is rich in TPC (39.32 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g DE) and TFC (17.26 ± 0.8 mg RE/g DE). A total of 21 secondary metabolites were tentatively identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. In the MTT cytotoxicity assay, the extract showed low toxicity against normal cell lines, while significant anticancer activity was observed against human liver and breast cancer cells. The carrageenan induced inflammation was inhibited by HAECA in a dose dependent manner and showed a marked alleviation in the levels of oxidative stress (catalase, SOD, GSH) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β). Similarly, HAECA showed maximum antioxidant activity through the Cupric reducing power antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay (31.21 ± 0.3 mg TE/g DE). The in silico study revealed a significant molecular docking score of the three studied compounds against COX-I and COX-I. Conclusively the current study encourages the use of C. amara as a novel polyphenolic rich source with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and warrants further investigations on its toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Safiullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel Arshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
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Valorization of Pimenta racemosa Essential Oils and Extracts: GC-MS and LC-MS Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Inhibitory Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227965. [PMID: 36432065 PMCID: PMC9695514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pimenta racemosa is a commonly known spice used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments. In this study, comprehensive phytochemical profiling of the essential oils and methanol extracts of P. racemosa leaves and stems was performed, alongside assessing their potential Helicobacter pylori inhibitory activity in vitro and in silico. The essential oils were chemically profiled via GC-MS. Moreover, the methanol extracts were profiled using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils and methanol extracts against H. pylori was determined by adopting the micro-well dilution method. GC-MS analysis unveiled the presence of 21 constituents, where eugenol represented the major component (57.84%) and (59.76%) in both leaves and stems of essential oils, respectively. A total of 61 compounds were annotated in both leaves and stems of P. racemosa methanolic extracts displaying richness in phenolic compounds identified as (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin monomers and proanthocyanidins, hydrolyzable tannin derivatives (gallotannins), flavonoids, and phenolic acids. The stem essential oil showed the most promising inhibitory effects on H. pylori, exhibiting an MIC value of 3.9 µg/mL, comparable to clarithromycin with an MIC value of 1.95 µg/mL. Additionally, in silico molecular modeling studies revealed that decanal, eugenol, terpineol, delta-cadinene, and amyl vinyl showed potential inhibitory activity on H. pylori urease as demonstrated by high-fitting scores indicating good binding to the active sites. These findings indicate that P. racemosa comprises valuable phytochemical constituents with promising therapeutic effects, particularly the stem, an economic agro-industrial waste.
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The Potential Neuroprotective Effect of Cyperus esculentus L. Extract in Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats: Extensive Biological and Metabolomics Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207118. [PMID: 36296710 PMCID: PMC9606906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the phytochemical composition of tiger nut (TN) (Cyperus esculentus L.) and its neuroprotective potential in scopolamine (Scop)-induced cognitive impairment in rats. The UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis enabled the putative annotation of 88 metabolites, such as saccharides, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Treatment with TN extract restored Scop-induced learning and memory impairments. In parallel, TN extract succeeded in lowering amyloid beta, β-secretase protein expression and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus of rats. TN extract decreased malondialdehyde levels, restored antioxidant levels and reduced proinflammatory cytokines as well as the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Histopathological analysis demonstrated marked neuroprotection in TN-treated groups. In conclusion, the present study reveals that TN extract attenuates Scop-induced memory impairments by diminishing amyloid beta aggregates, as well as its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-AChE activities.
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Chemical Profile of Cyperus laevigatus and Its Protective Effects against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196470. [PMID: 36235007 PMCID: PMC9573427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus species represent a group of cosmopolitan plants used in folk medicine to treat several diseases. In the current study, the phytochemical profile of Cyperus laevigatus ethanolic extract (CLEE) was assessed using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The protective effect of CLEE at 50 and 100 mg /kg body weight (b.w.) was evaluated on hepatorenal injuries induced by thioacetamide (100 mg/kg) via investigation of the extract's effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of CLEE resulted in the identification of 94 compounds, including organic and phenolic acids, flavones, aurones, and fatty acids. CLEE improved the antioxidant status in the liver and kidney, as manifested by enhancement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), in addition to the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Moreover, CLEE positively affected oxidative stress parameters in plasma and thwarted the depletion of hepatorenal ATP content by thioacetamide (TAA). Furthermore, treatment of rats with CLEE alleviated the significant increase in plasma liver enzymes, kidney function parameters, and inflammatory markers. The protective effect of CLEE was confirmed by a histopathological study of the liver and kidney. Our results proposed that CLEE may reduce TAA-hepatorenal toxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suppressing oxidative stress.
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Zhang S, Li P, Wei Z, Cheng Y, Liu J, Yang Y, Wang Y, Mu Z. Cyperus ( Cyperus esculentus L.): A Review of Its Compositions, Medical Efficacy, Antibacterial Activity and Allelopathic Potentials. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1127. [PMID: 35567128 PMCID: PMC9102041 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyperus (Cyperus esculentus L.) is an edible perennial grass-like plant, which propagates exclusively with underground tubers. Its tubers are rich in starch (20-30%), fat (25-35%), sugar (10-20%), protein (10-15%) and dietary fiber (8-9%). In addition, the tubers also contain alkaloids, organic acids, vitamins (C and E), steroids, terpenoids and other active components. The contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid in Cyperus oil are very high, which have important medicinal value and health-promoting properties. Most of the extracts from the tubers, stems and leaves of Cyperus have allelopathic potential and antibacterial, antioxidant and insecticidal activities. In recent years, the planting area of Cyperus has increased significantly all over the world, especially in China and some other countries. This paper presents the current status of Cyperus and the recent trend in research in this area. Published reports on its nutritional contents, active ingredients, medicinal efficacy, antibacterial activity and allelopathic potential were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengai Zhang
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
- Binzhou Vocational College, Binzhou 256600, China;
| | - Peizhi Li
- Jia Sixie Agricultural College, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China;
| | - Zunmiao Wei
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Cheng
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiayao Liu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanmin Yang
- Binzhou Vocational College, Binzhou 256600, China;
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
- Binzhou Vocational College, Binzhou 256600, China;
| | - Zhongsheng Mu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136105, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.)
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Korany DA, Said RS, Ayoub IM, Labib RM, El-Ahmady SH, Singab ANB. Protective effects of Brownea grandiceps (Jacq.) against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112603. [PMID: 35062069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is the most common complication of radiotherapy in patients with pelvic malignancies. Thus, the radioprotective activity of the total hydro-alcoholic extract (BGE) and the ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EAF) of Brownea grandiceps leaves was evaluated against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats. (BGE) and (EAF) were characterized using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also quantified. In vivo administration of (BGE) (400 mg/kg) and (EAF) (200 & 400 mg/kg) prevented intestinal injury and maintained the mucosal integrity of irradiated rats through increasing villi length and promoting crypt regeneration. Also, (EAF) showed more potent antioxidant activity than (BGE) through reduction of MDA level and enhancement of GSH content and catalase enzyme activity. (BGE) and (EAF) down-regulated intestinal NF-κB expression leading to diminished expression of downstream inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, (EAF) markedly reduced the expression of profibrotic marker TGF-β1. Seventy-nine compounds were tentatively identified, including flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, polar lipids and phenolic acids. (EAF) showed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as compared to (BGE). Results revealed remarkable radioprotective activity of (BGE) and (EAF), with significantly higher activity for (EAF). The chemical constituents of (BGE) and (EAF) strongly supported their radioprotective activity. To the best of our knowledge, the present study describes for the first time the radioprotective activity of B. grandiceps leaves in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint; emphasizing the great promise of B. grandiceps leaves, especially (EAF), to be used as natural radio-protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Korany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Riham S Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rola M Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt; Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Negm WA, El-Kadem AH, Elekhnawy E, Attallah NGM, Al-Hamoud GA, El-Masry TA, Zayed A. Wound-Healing Potential of Rhoifolin-Rich Fraction Isolated from Sanguisorba officinalis Roots Supported by Enhancing Re-Epithelization, Angiogenesis, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Effects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020178. [PMID: 35215291 PMCID: PMC8874642 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A wound is a complicated bioprocess resulting in significant tissue damage, which is worsened by a secondary bacterial infection, commonly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The goal of our study was to investigate the metabolic profile and possible wound-healing effect of Sanguisorba officinalis roots rhoifolin rich fraction (RRF). The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of S. officinalis roots crude ethanol extract resulted in a tentative identification of 56 bioactive metabolites, while a major flavonoid fraction was isolated by column chromatography and identified by thin-layer chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (TLC-ESI/MS), where rhoifolin was the major component representing 94.5% of its content. The antibiofilm activity of RRF on the mono-species and dual-species biofilm of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was investigated. RRF exhibited inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus mono-species biofilm at 2× minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 4× MIC values. It also significantly inhibited the dual-species biofilm at 4× MIC values. Moreover, the wound-healing characteristics of RRF gel formulation were investigated. Rats were randomly allocated into four groups (eight rats in each): Untreated control; Blank gel; Betadine cream, and RRF gel groups. Animals were anesthetized, and full-thickness excisional skin wounds were created on the shaved area in the dorsal skin. The gels were topically applied to the wound’s surface daily for 10 days. The results demonstrated that RRF had a promising wound-healing effect by up-regulating the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and fibronectin, while metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were suppressed. It also enhanced the immune staining of transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and improved histopathological findings. Furthermore, it displayed an immunomodulatory action on lipopolysaccharide-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Hence, the wound-healing effect of rhoifolin was confirmed by supporting re-epithelization, angiogenesis, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Aya H. El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (A.H.E.-K.); (T.A.E.-M.)
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Nashwah G. M. Attallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (N.G.M.A.); (A.Z.)
| | | | - Thanaa A. El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (A.H.E.-K.); (T.A.E.-M.)
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Correspondence: (N.G.M.A.); (A.Z.)
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Ayoub I, George MY, Menze ET, Mahmoud M, Botros M, Essam M, Ashmawy I, Shendi P, Hany A, Galal M, Ayman M, Labib R. Insights on the neuroprotective effects of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia microphylla Kunth in memory impairment rat model. Food Funct 2022; 13:2253-2268. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02988f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salvia species have a traditional longstanding culinary use mostly consumed in the Mediterranean diet as a common spice added to food. Salvia is commonly consumed as an herbal tea for...
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Jiao Y, Si Y, Li L, Wang C, Lin H, Liu J, Liu Y, Liu J, Li P, Li Z. Comprehensive phytochemical profiling of American ginseng in Jilin province of China based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4787. [PMID: 34725896 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
American ginseng (AG), the underground part of Panax quinquefolium L., is composed of four morphological regions, including main root (MR), lateral root (LR), fibrous root (FR), and rhizome (RH). In the clinical, MR is the main medicinal region, other regions are rarely attention. Aiming at revealing the chemical composition of AG and making better use of AG, screening analysis and metabolomic analysis were both performed to profile MR, LR, FR, and RH. First, in the systematical screening analysis, a total of 134 compounds (including 122 shared components) with various structural patterns were identified and tentatively characterized. The results indicated that the phytochemicals with various structural types were rich in MR, LR, FR, and RH. Second, 6, 4, 8, and 11 chemical markers were identified from MR, LR, FR, and RH, respectively. Seven triterpene saponins (protopanaxatriol, quinquenoside R1 , ginsenoside Rc, Rk1 , Rg1 , Re, and vinaginsenoside R1 ) might be used for rapid differentiation of four morphological regions. This comprehensive profile study of metabolites illustrated the similarities and differences of phytochemicals in four morphological regions of AG. The results could be used for the quality control of AG and furnish a basis for the further development and utilization of AG sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Si
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Le Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junli Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Anti-Allergic, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity of Chasmanthe aethiopica Leaf Extract and Its Profiling Using LC/MS and GLC/MS. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061118. [PMID: 34073129 PMCID: PMC8226651 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to comprehensively explore the phytoconstituents as well as investigate the different biological activities of Chasmanthe aethiopica (Iridaceae) for the first time. Metabolic profiling of the leaf methanol extract of C. aethiopica (CAL) was carried out using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Twenty-nine compounds were annotated belonging to various phytochemical classes including organic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and fatty acids. Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside was the major compound identified. GLC/MS analysis of the n-hexane fraction (CAL-A) resulted in the identification of 45 compounds with palmitic acid (16.08%) and methyl hexadecanoic acid ester (11.91%) representing the major constituents. CAL-A exhibited a potent anti-allergic activity as evidenced by its potent inhibition of β-hexosaminidase release triggered by A23187 and IgE by 72.7% and 48.7%, respectively. Results were comparable to that of dexamethasone (10 nM) in the A23187 degranulation assay showing 80.7% inhibition for β-hexosaminidase release. Both the n-hexane (CAL-A) and dichloromethane (CAL-B) fractions exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity manifested by the significant inhibition of superoxide anion generation and prohibition of elastase release. CAL showed anti-hyperglycemic activity in vivo using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model by reducing fasting blood glucose levels (FBG) by 53.44% as compared with STZ-treated rats along with a substantial increase in serum insulin by 22.22%. Molecular modeling studies indicated that dicaffeoylquinic acid showed the highest fitting with free binding energies (∆G) of -47.24 and -60.50 Kcal/mol for human α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively confirming its anti-hyperglycemic activity. Thus, C. aethiopica leaf extract could serve as an effective antioxidant natural remedy combating inflammation, allergy, and hyperglycemia.
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Al-Rowaily SL, Abd-ElGawad AM, Assaeed AM, Elgamal AM, Gendy AENGE, Mohamed TA, Dar BA, Mohamed TK, Elshamy AI. Essential Oil of Calotropis procera: Comparative Chemical Profiles, Antimicrobial Activity, and Allelopathic Potential on Weeds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215203. [PMID: 33182287 PMCID: PMC7664932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are considered green resources for thousands of bioactive compounds. Essential oils (EOs) are an important class of secondary compounds with various biological activities, including allelopathic and antimicrobial activities. Herein, the present study aimed to compare the chemical profiles of the EOs of the widely distributed medicinal plant Calotropis procera collected from Saudi Arabia and Egypt. In addition, this study also aimed to assess their allelopathic and antimicrobial activities. The EOs from Egyptian and Saudi ecospecies were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed via GC-MS. The correlation between the analyzed EOs and those published from Egypt, India, and Nigeria was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The allelopathic activity of the extracted EOs was tested against two weeds (Bidens pilosa and Dactyloctenium aegyptium). Moreover, the EOs were tested for antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial and two fungal strains. Ninety compounds were identified from both ecospecies, where 76 compounds were recorded in Saudi ecospecies and 33 in the Egyptian one. Terpenes were recorded as the main components along with hydrocarbons, aromatics, and carotenoids. The sesquiterpenes (54.07%) were the most abundant component of EO of the Saudi sample, while the diterpenes (44.82%) represented the mains of the Egyptian one. Hinesol (13.50%), trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (12.33%), 1,4-trans-1,7-cis-acorenone (7.62%), phytol (8.73%), and myristicin (6.13%) were found as the major constituents of EO of the Saudi sample, while phytol (38.02%), n-docosane (6.86%), linoleic acid (6.36%), n-pentacosane (6.31%), and bicyclogermacrene (4.37%) represented the main compounds of the Egyptian one. It was evident that the EOs of both ecospecies had potent phytotoxic activity against the two tested weeds, while the EO of the Egyptian ecospecies was more effective, particularly on the weed D. aegyptium. Moreover, the EOs showed substantial antibacterial and antifungal activities. The present study revealed that the EOs of Egyptian and Saudi ecospecies were different in quality and quantity, which could be attributed to the variant environmental and climatic conditions. The EOs of both ecospecies showed significant allelopathic and antimicrobial activity; therefore, these EOs could be considered as potential green eco-friendly resources for weed and microbe control, considering that this plant is widely grown in arid habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud L. Al-Rowaily
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.L.A.-R.); (A.M.A.); (B.A.D.)
| | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.L.A.-R.); (A.M.A.); (B.A.D.)
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.-E.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +966-562680864 (A.M.A.-E.); +20-1005525108 (A.I.E.)
| | - Abdulaziz M. Assaeed
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.L.A.-R.); (A.M.A.); (B.A.D.)
| | - Abdelbaset M. Elgamal
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Tarik A. Mohamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Basharat A. Dar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.L.A.-R.); (A.M.A.); (B.A.D.)
| | - Tahia K. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.-E.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +966-562680864 (A.M.A.-E.); +20-1005525108 (A.I.E.)
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