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Xiang Y, Naik S, Zhao L, Shi J, Ke H. Emerging phosphodiesterase inhibitors for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1404-1445. [PMID: 38279990 DOI: 10.1002/med.22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neuron structure and ultimately lead to neuronal cell death. Since the available drugs show only limited symptomatic relief, NDs are currently considered as incurable. This review will illustrate the principal roles of the signaling systems of cyclic adenosine and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphates (cAMP and cGMP) in the neuronal functions, and summarize expression/activity changes of the associated enzymes in the ND patients, including cyclases, protein kinases, and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). As the sole enzymes hydrolyzing cAMP and cGMP, PDEs are logical targets for modification of neurodegeneration. We will focus on PDE inhibitors and their potentials as disease-modifying therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. For the overlapped but distinct contributions of cAMP and cGMP to NDs, we hypothesize that dual PDE inhibitors, which simultaneously regulate both cAMP and cGMP signaling pathways, may have complementary and synergistic effects on modifying neurodegeneration and thus represent a new direction on the discovery of ND drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Swapna Naik
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengming Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Alcaráz N, Salcedo-Tello P, González-Barrios R, Torres-Arciga K, Guzmán-Ramos K. Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103014. [PMID: 38861840 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Alcaráz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pamela Salcedo-Tello
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo González-Barrios
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México
| | - Karla Torres-Arciga
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kioko Guzmán-Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Mexico State, Mexico.
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3
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Akyazı O, Korkmaz D, Cevher SC. Experimental Parkinson models and green chemistry approach. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115092. [PMID: 38844056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's is the most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. Motor findings in Parkinson's occur as a result of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ending in the putamen and caudate nucleus. Loss of neurons and the formation of inclusions called Lewy bodies in existing neurons are characteristic histopathological findings of Parkinson's. The disease primarily impairs the functional capacity of the person with cardinal findings such as tremor, bradykinesia, etc., as a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Experimental animal models of Parkinson's have been used extensively in recent years to investigate the pathology of this disease. These models are generally based on systemic or local(intracerebral) administration of neurotoxins, which can replicate many features of Parkinson's mammals. The development of transgenic models in recent years has allowed us to learn more about the modeling of Parkinson's. Applying animal modeling, which shows the most human-like effects in studies, is extremely important. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress increases in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and various age-related degenerative diseases in humans and that neurons are sensitive to it. In cases where oxidative stress increases and antioxidant systems are inadequate, natural molecules such as flavonoids and polyphenols can be used as a new antioxidant treatment to reduce neuronal reactive oxygen species and improve the neurodegenerative process. Therefore, in this article, we examined experimental animal modeling in Parkinson's disease and the effect of green chemistry approaches on Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Akyazı
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey.
| | - Dılara Korkmaz
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Sule Coskun Cevher
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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4
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Piergiorge RM, Vasconcelos ATRD, Santos-Rebouças CB. Understanding the (epi)genetic dysregulation in Parkinson's disease through an integrative brain competitive endogenous RNA network. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111942. [PMID: 38762037 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a rapidly growing neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) and aggregation of α-synuclein. Its aetiology involves a multifaceted interplay among genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. We integrated brain gene expression data from PD patients to construct a comprehensive regulatory network encompassing messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and, for the first time, RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Expression data from the SN of PD patients and controls were systematically selected from public databases to identify combined differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Brain co-expression analysis revealed modules comprising significant DEGs that function cooperatively. The relationships among co-expressed DEGs, miRNAs, circRNAs, and RBPs revealed an intricate competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network responsible for post-transcriptional dysregulation in PD. Many genes in the ceRNA network, including the TOMM20 and HMGCR genes, overlap with the most relevant genes in our previous Alzheimer's disease-associated ceRNA network, suggesting common underlying mechanisms between both conditions. Moreover, in the ceRNA subnetwork, the RBP Aly/REF export factor (ALYREF), which acts as an RNA 5-methylcytosine(m5C)-binding protein, stood out. Our data sheds new light on the potential role of brain ceRNA networks in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mina Piergiorge
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cíntia Barros Santos-Rebouças
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Chatterjee A, Kumar S, Roy Sarkar S, Halder R, Kumari R, Banerjee S, Sarkar B. Dietary polyphenols represent a phytotherapeutic alternative for gut dysbiosis associated neurodegeneration: A systematic review. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109622. [PMID: 38490348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Globally, neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular disease are common and growing causes of morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of this group of diseases encompasses various factors from oxidative stress to gut microbial dysbiosis. The study of the etiology and mechanisms of oxidative stress as well as gut dysbiosis-induced neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and Huntington's disease has recently received a lot of attention. Numerous studies lend credence to the notion that changes in the intestinal microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system have an impact on the initiation and severity of these diseases. The prebiotic role of polyphenols can influence the makeup of the gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders by modulating intracellular signalling pathways. Metabolites of polyphenols function directly as neurotransmitters by crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly via influencing the cerebrovascular system. This assessment aims to bring forth an interlink between the consumption of polyphenols biotransformed by gut microbiota which in turn modulate the gut microbial diversity and biochemical changes in the brain. This systematic review will further augment research towards the association of dietary polyphenols in the management of gut dysbiosis-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suparna Roy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ritabrata Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sugato Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
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Niu B, Zhao M, Gao X, Xu J, Yu L. TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis of neuroprotective effects of Forsythoside A on the MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114642. [PMID: 38056584 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characteristized by the presence of dyskinesia and the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Although certain drugs can mitigate the symptoms of PD, they are unable to delay the disease progression, and their prolonged use may result in complications. Therefore, there exists an urgent necessity to identify potential agents that can effectively delay PD progression with fewer side effects. Recent research has unveiled that several traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) exhibit neuroprotective properties in various models pertinent to PD. Forsythoside A (FSA), the primary bioactive compound derived from TCM Lianqiao, has undergone extensive research in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. However, the investigation into the impact of FSA on PD is limited in existing research. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of FSA on MPTP-induced PD mouse model. FSA demonstrated significant improvements in the behavioral and neuropathological changes triggered by MPTP in mice. Furthermore, it exerted a suppressive effect on the activations of astrocyte and microglia. Meanwhile, Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics of striatal tissue and bioinformatics analysis were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of FSA on PD mouse model. Proteomics demonstrated a total of 68 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between HFSA and MPTP groups including 26 upregulated and 42 downregulated. Systematic bioinformatics analysis of the 68 DEPs illustrated that they were predominantly related to estrogen signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. The related DEPs (PLCβ4, Grm2, HPAC and Cox4i1) expression levels were verified by Western blot. FSA effectively restored the altered expression of the four DEPs induced by MPTP. Summarily, FSA exerted remarkable neuroprotective effects in MPTP-induced mice. Further, our research may provide proteomics insights that contribute to the further exploration of FSA as a potential treatment for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Niu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Minhong Zhao
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Xiu'an Gao
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Linzhong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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7
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González-May CA, Barradas-Castillo MDR, Perera-Rios JH, Gallegos-Tintoré S, Pérez-Izquierdo O, Aranda-González II. Dietary flavonoids may have a protective and therapeutic effect in Parkinson disease: A systematic review. Nutr Res 2024; 121:39-50. [PMID: 38039600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons because of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Polyphenols in vegetables, known for their high antioxidant capacity, may prevent the onset, or delay the progression of the disease; among these, flavonoids are the most abundant class of polyphenols in foods. Clinical and cohort studies have evaluated the effect of polyphenol consumption on the risk of developing PD or of attenuating the symptoms after diagnosis; therefore, it is necessary to integrate the scientific evidence into making dietary recommendations. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that have investigated the use of polyphenols in PD. The studies were identified through the PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Web of Science databases. A total of 1100 studies were found; these were analyzed and filtered by 2 independent reviewers. After completion, 5 studies were included (3 randomized controlled trials and 2 cohort studies). The consumption of flavonoids, anthocyanins, or 2-5 servings/week of specific foods (apples, red wine, blueberries, and strawberries) reduces the risk of PD and associated mortality. Treatment with licorice, curcumin, or cocoa, which are rich in flavonoids and other polyphenols, improves motor function in PD patients. No statistically significant differences were found in quality of life, disease progression or nonmotor symptoms such as cognitive ability and mood. Although cohort studies suggest a neuroprotective effect, further clinical studies are urgently needed to evaluate the effect of specific flavonoids and other polyphenols in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Santiago Gallegos-Tintoré
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Colonia Chuburná Hidalgo Inn, 97203, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Odette Pérez-Izquierdo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Centro, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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Açar Y, Ağagündüz D, De Cicco P, Capasso R. Flavonoids: Their putative neurologic roles, epigenetic changes, and gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115788. [PMID: 37913731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the degeneration of progressive dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra region of the human midbrain. Although just what causes PD remains a mystery, it is known that oxidative stress (OS) as well as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuro-inflammation, and insufficient neurotrophic support play a role in the disease's pathophysiology. Phytochemicals are a diverse small molecule group derived from plants that can be classified into numerous classes on the basis of their biological activities and chemical structure. Of these groups of phytochemicals, the most abundant, which has well-established anti-Parkinson's effects, are polyphenols. Flavonoids, including naringin and naringenin, genistein, kaempferol, anthocyanins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and baicalein are plant-based biologically active polyphenols, which have been shown to exhibit therapeutic potential when used as treatment for a variety of pathological illnesses, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and PD. Recently, it was reported that flavonoids have beneficial effects on PD, such as the protection of DA neurons, improvement of motor and cognitive abilities, regulation of signaling pathways, and modulation of OS and neuro-inflammation. In addition, by changing the composition of bacteria in gut microbiota, flavonoids reduce pathogenic strains and promote the growth of beneficial strains. In this context, the current paper will provide a literature review on the neurological roles that flavonoids play, as one of the most abundant phytochemical families, in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Açar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Paola De Cicco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy.
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Tresserra-Rimbau A, Thompson AS, Bondonno N, Jennings A, Kühn T, Cassidy A. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Analysis of the UK Biobank. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1994-2004. [PMID: 37602951 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets have been associated with a lower risk of several chronic diseases, but the relationship with PD is unknown. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of three different plant-based diets with PD incidence in the UK Biobank cohort. METHODS We conducted a prospective study among 126,283 participants from the UK Biobank cohort. Three plant-based diet indices (overall plant-based diet index, PDI; healthful plant-based diet index, hPDI; and unhealthful plant-based diet index, uPDI) were derived from 24-hour dietary recalls based on 17 food groups. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the risk of PD across quartiles of the PDIs and for each of the food groups that constituted the score. Further analyses were carried out to assess potential heterogeneity in associations between hPDI and PD across strata of some hypothesized effect modifiers. RESULTS During 11.8 years of follow-up (1,490,139 person-years), 577 cases of PD incidence were reported. After multivariable adjustment, participants in the highest hPDI and overall PDI quartile had lower risk of PD (22% and 18%, respectively), whereas a higher uPDI was associated with a 38% higher PD risk. In food-based analyses, higher intakes of vegetables, nuts, and tea were associated with a lower risk of PD (28%, 31% and 25%, respectively). Stratifying by Polygenic Risk Score (PRS), results were significant only for those with a lower PRS for PD. CONCLUSIONS Following a healthful plant-based diet and in particular the inclusion of readily achievable intakes of vegetables, nuts and tea in the habitual diet are associated with a lower risk of PD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alysha S Thompson
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Bondonno
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Amy Jennings
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Tilman Kühn
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Vienna, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Centre for Public Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Spiegel M. Theoretical Insights into the Oxidative Stress-Relieving Properties of Pinocembrin─An Isolated Flavonoid from Honey and Propolis. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8769-8779. [PMID: 37816048 PMCID: PMC10591471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Bee products are a valuable group of substances that have a wide range of applications for humans. They contain a high level of polyphenolic compounds, which have been shown to combat radicals and effectively reduce oxidative stress. In this study, density functional theory was utilized to determine the anti-OOH activity, sequestration of free Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions, the potential pro-oxidative activity of the formed complexes, and the repairing capabilities toward essential biomolecules. The kinetic constants for scavenging of hydroperoxide radical were found to be low, with an order of magnitude not exceeding 10-3 M-1 s-1. Chelating properties showed slightly more satisfactory outcomes, although most complexes exhibited pro-oxidant activity. Pinocembrin, however, proved effective in repairing oxidatively damaged biological compounds and restoring their original functionality. The study found that whilst the system displays limited type I and type II antioxidant activity, it may support the role of physiological reductants already present in the biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Spiegel
- Department of Pharmacognosy
and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Vega-Galvez A, Gomez-Perez LS, Zepeda F, Vidal RL, Grunenwald F, Mejías N, Pasten A, Araya M, Ah-Hen KS. Assessment of Bio-Compounds Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Neuroprotective Effect of Red Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. Capitata rubra) Processed by Convective Drying at Different Temperatures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1789. [PMID: 37760092 PMCID: PMC10526076 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and no efficient therapy able to cure or slow down PD is available. In this study, dehydrated red cabbage was evaluated as a novel source of bio-compounds with neuroprotective capacity. Convective drying was carried out at different temperatures. Total phenolics (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), anthocyanins (TAC), and glucosinolates (TGC) were determined using spectrophotometry, amino acid profile by LC-DAD and fatty acid profile by GC-FID. Phenolic characterization was determined by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity and neuroprotection assays were evaluated in SH-SY5Y human cells, observing the effect on preformed fibrils of α-synuclein. Drying kinetic confirmed a shorter processing time with temperature increase. A high concentration of bio-compounds was observed, especially at 90 °C, with TPC = 1544.04 ± 11.4 mg GAE/100 g, TFC = 690.87 ± 4.0 mg QE/100 g and TGC = 5244.9 ± 260.2 µmol SngE/100 g. TAC degraded with temperature. Glutamic acid and arginine were predominant. Fatty acid profiles were relatively stable and were found to be mostly C18:3n3. The neochlorogenic acid was predominant. The extracts had no cytotoxicity and showed a neuroprotective effect at 24 h testing, which can extend in some cases to 48 h. The present findings underpin the use of red cabbage as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vega-Galvez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Avda. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Luis S. Gomez-Perez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Avda. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Francisca Zepeda
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Avda. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - René L. Vidal
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Neurociencia Biomédica (BNI), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Gerociencia, Salud Mental y Metabolismo (GERO), Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro de Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Felipe Grunenwald
- Centro de Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Nicol Mejías
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Avda. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Alexis Pasten
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Avda. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Michael Araya
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
| | - Kong Shun Ah-Hen
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Alimentarias, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
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Grabarczyk M, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Glabinski A, Szpakowski P. Dietary Polyphenols Decrease Chemokine Release by Human Primary Astrocytes Responding to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2294. [PMID: 37765263 PMCID: PMC10537369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are considered to be the dominant cell fraction of the central nervous system. They play a supportive and protective role towards neurons, and regulate inflammatory processes; they thus make suitable targets for drugs and supplements, such as polyphenolic compounds. However, due to their wide range, knowledge of their anti-inflammatory potential remains relatively incomplete. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether myricetin and chrysin are able to decrease chemokine release in reactive astrocytes. To assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols, human primary astrocytes were cultured in the presence of a reactive and neurotoxic astrocyte-inducing cytokine mixture (TNF-α, IL-1a, C1q), either alone or in the presence of myricetin or chrysin. The examined polyphenols were able to modify the secretion of chemokines by human cortical astrocytes, especially CCL5 (chrysin), CCL1 (myricetin) and CCL2 (both), while cell viability was not affected. Surprisingly, the compounds did not demonstrate any antioxidant properties in the astrocyte cultures.
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13
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Uceda S, Echeverry-Alzate V, Reiriz-Rojas M, Martínez-Miguel E, Pérez-Curiel A, Gómez-Senent S, Beltrán-Velasco AI. Gut Microbial Metabolome and Dysbiosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Psychobiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Therapeutic Approach-A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13294. [PMID: 37686104 PMCID: PMC10487945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive narrative review conducted in this study delves into the mechanisms of communication and action at the molecular level in the human organism. The review addresses the complex mechanism involved in the microbiota-gut-brain axis as well as the implications of alterations in the microbial composition of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases with neuronal loss or death is analyzed, as well as the mechanisms of action of the main metabolites involved in the bidirectional communication through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In addition, interventions targeting gut microbiota restructuring through fecal microbiota transplantation and the use of psychobiotics-pre- and pro-biotics-are evaluated as an opportunity to reduce the symptomatology associated with neurodegeneration in these pathologies. This review provides valuable information and facilitates a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms to be addressed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Uceda
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Echeverry-Alzate
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Reiriz-Rojas
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Martínez-Miguel
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Curiel
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Gómez-Senent
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Grabska-Kobyłecka I, Szpakowski P, Król A, Książek-Winiarek D, Kobyłecki A, Głąbiński A, Nowak D. Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development. Nutrients 2023; 15:3454. [PMID: 37571391 PMCID: PMC10420887 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases' development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, and dysfunction of DNA repair systems. The increased consumption of antioxidants can postpone the development of these disorders and improve the quality of patients' lives who have already been diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases. Prolonging life span in developed countries contributes to an increase in the incidence ratio of chronic age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD (Parkinson's disease), AD (Alzheimer's disease), or numerous forms of age-related dementias. Dietary supplementation with neuroprotective plant-derived polyphenols might be considered an important element of healthy aging. Some polyphenols improve cognition, mood, visual functions, language, and verbal memory functions. Polyphenols bioavailability differs greatly from one compound to another and is determined by solubility, degree of polymerization, conjugation, or glycosylation resulting from chemical structure. It is still unclear which polyphenols are beneficial because their potential depends on efficient transport across the BBB (blood-brain barrier), bioavailability, and stability in the CNS (central nervous system). Polyphenols improve brain functions by having a direct impact on cells and processes in the CNS. For a direct effect, polyphenolic compounds must be able to overcome the BBB and accumulate in brain tissue. In this review, the latest achievements in studies (animal models and clinical trials) on the effect of polyphenols on brain activity and function are described. The beneficial impact of plant polyphenols on the brain may be summarized by their role in increasing brain plasticity and related cognition improvement. As reversible MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, polyphenols are mood modulators and improve neuronal self-being through an increase in dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline amounts in the brain tissue. After analyzing the prohealth effects of various eating patterns, it was postulated that their beneficial effects result from synergistic interactions between individual dietary components. Polyphenols act on the brain endothelial cells and improve the BBB's integrity and reduce inflammation, thus protecting the brain from additional injury during stroke or autoimmune diseases. Polyphenolic compounds are capable of lowering blood pressure and improving cerebral blood flow. Many studies have revealed that a nutritional model based on increased consumption of antioxidants has the potential to ameliorate the cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Randomized clinical trials have also shown that the improvement of cognitive functions resulting from the consumption of foods rich in flavonoids is independent of age and health conditions. For therapeutic use, sufficient quantities of polyphenols must cross the BBB and reach the brain tissue in active form. An important issue in the direct action of polyphenols on the CNS is not only their penetration through the BBB, but also their brain metabolism and localization. The bioavailability of polyphenols is low. The most usual oral administration also conflicts with bioavailability. The main factors that limit this process and have an effect on therapeutic efficacy are: selective permeability across BBB, gastrointestinal transformations, poor absorption, rapid hepatic and colonic metabolism, and systemic elimination. Thus, phenolic compounds have inadequate bioavailability for human applications to have any beneficial effects. In recent years, new strategies have been attempted in order to exert cognitive benefits and neuroprotective effects. Converting polyphenols into nanostructures is one of the theories proposed to enhance their bioavailability. The following nanoscale delivery systems can be used to encapsulate polyphenols: nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes. It results in great expectations for the wide-scale and effective use of polyphenols in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus far, only natural polyphenols have been studied as neuroprotectors. Perhaps some modification of the chemical structure of a given polyphenol may increase its neuroprotective activity and transportation through the BBB. However, numerous questions should be answered before developing neuroprotective medications based on plant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Grabska-Kobyłecka
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Szpakowski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Król
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Dominika Książek-Winiarek
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrzej Kobyłecki
- Interventional Cardiology Lab, Copernicus Hospital, Pabianicka Str. 62, 93-513 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Głąbiński
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Dariusz Nowak
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
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15
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Abaza A, Jamil A, Gutlapalli SD, Ali M, Oble MJP, Sonia SN, George S, Shahi SR, Ali Z, Khan S. Parkinson's Neuropathology Puzzle: A Systematic Review Uncovering the Pathological Culprits Behind the Neurological Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e44353. [PMID: 37664277 PMCID: PMC10472082 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Being one of the most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorders (falling second only to Alzheimer's disease) with a clinical pattern affecting millions of lives all over the world, Parkinson's disease (PD) has never failed to attract a formidable interest from the vast majority of neurologists and researchers worldwide. This review article will analyze the pathophysiology, etiology, genetics, and pathological stages of Parkinson's disease with their corresponding clinical sequels. A review article was conducted using research databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Springer, and Elsevier. The research articles reviewed using databases were written in English, German, Japanese, and Chinese and published within the preceding 50 years. Based on the article's findings, we concluded that Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder with a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms that are influenced by a cascade of pathological neuronal abnormalities such as Lewy neurites and Lewy bodies that gradually build up with an eventual consequence of neurodegeneration of dopamine-secreting neurons. Multiple genetic mutations, pathophysiological events, and environmental factors act as the foundation to initiate that cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Abaza
- Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Aneeque Jamil
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sai Dheeraj Gutlapalli
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center Affiliated With Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Staten Island, USA
- Internal Medicine Clinical Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Marya Ali
- Psychiatry, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
| | - Mrinal J P Oble
- Medicine, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, IND
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shamsun Nahar Sonia
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | | | - Srushti R Shahi
- Medicine, St. Martinus University Faculty of Medicine (SMUFOM), Willemstad, CUW
| | - Zahra Ali
- Medicine, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, PAK
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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16
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Zhang CT, Qin DL, Cao XY, Kan JS, Huang XX, Gao DS, Gao J. Dephosphorylation of Six2Y129 protects tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in SNpc by regulating TEA domain 1 expression. iScience 2023; 26:107049. [PMID: 37534182 PMCID: PMC10391717 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). We recently reported that Six2 could reverse the degeneration of DA neurons in a dephosphorylation state. Here we further identified that Eya1 was the phosphatase of Six2 that could dephosphorylate the tyrosine 129 (Y129) site by forming a complex with Six2 in damaged DA cells. Dephosphorylated Six2 then translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Using ChIP-qPCR and dual luciferase assay, we found that dephosphorylated Six2 down-regulates TEA domain1 (Tead1) expression, thus inhibiting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced apoptosis in DA cells. Furthermore, we showed Six2Y129F/Tead1 signaling could protect against the loss of SNpc tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) cells and improve motor function in PD model rats. Our results demonstrate a dephosphorylation-dependent mechanism of Six2 that restores the degeneration of DA neurons, which could represent a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-tang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Deng-li Qin
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xia-yin Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jia-shuo Kan
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xin-xing Huang
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dian-shuai Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
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17
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Dunk D, Mulryan P, Affonso S, O'Keeffe GW, O'Keeffe M, Sullivan AM. Diet quality, sleep and quality of life in Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:1371-1380. [PMID: 36056229 PMCID: PMC10250501 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor and non-motor symptoms that impact quality of daily life, including diet and sleep. However, relatively little is known about dietary intake and quality in people with PD (PwP). Lifestyle factors, and how they relate to diet, are also insufficiently understood. The aims of this study were to investigate dietary intake and quality, sleep and quality of life in PwP, and to explore the relationships between these factors. METHODS Forty-five community-dwelling participants with PD (n = 45) were recruited to this cross-sectional study through the Cork Parkinson's Association, Ireland. Dietary intake was assessed using the EPIC food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Diet Indicator. Dietary intakes were compared to Irish RDAs for adults > 65 years. Sleep duration and quality were subjectively measured using the PD Sleep Scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index and objectively measured by actigraphy in a subset of participants (n = 27). QOL was measured using the validated PDQ-39 questionnaire. RESULTS Energy intake in PwP was significantly higher than that of the general population (2013 vs 1755 kcal/d, p = 0.01), despite their lower mean BMI (25.9 vs 27.7 kg/m2, p = 0.02). Intakes of carbohydrate, protein and fruits and vegetables were significantly higher in PwP compared to recommended and population intakes (all p < 0.01), but fibre intake was significantly lower than recommended (17.3 vs 25 g/d, p [Formula: see text] 0.05). Seventy-eight percent of participants had poor dietary quality, and poor sleep quality was associated with poor QOL. CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrates, protein, fruit and vegetable intakes were greater in PwP than population norms, but overall diet quality was low. Interventions to improve dietary and lifestyle factors may improve health and QOL in PwP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dunk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip Mulryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean Affonso
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard W O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Majella O'Keeffe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aideen M Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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18
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Zhang W, Dong X, Huang R. Antiparkinsonian Effects of Polyphenols: A Narrative Review with a Focus on the Modulation of the Gut-brain Axis. Pharmacol Res 2023:106787. [PMID: 37224894 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols, which are naturally occurring bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, are emerging as potential therapeutics for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Polyphenols have diverse biological activities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and α-synuclein aggregation inhibitory effects, which could ameliorate PD pathogenesis. Studies have shown that polyphenols are capable of regulating the gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites; in turn, polyphenols are extensively metabolized by the GM, resulting in the generation of bioactive secondary metabolites. These metabolites may regulate various physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, energy metabolism, intercellular communication, and host immunity. With increasing recognition of the importance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) in PD etiology, polyphenols have attracted growing attention as MGBA regulators. In order to address the potential therapeutic role of polyphenolic compounds in PD, we focused on MGBA. DATA AVAILABILITY: Data will be made available on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR, China.
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19
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Zamanian MY, Parra RMR, Soltani A, Kujawska M, Mustafa YF, Raheem G, Al-Awsi L, Lafta HA, Taheri N, Heidari M, Golmohammadi M, Bazmandegan G. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway and oxidative stress by resveratrol for Parkinson's disease: an overview and update on new developments. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5455-5464. [PMID: 37155008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) as a prevalent neurodegenerative condition impairs motor function and is caused by the progressive deterioration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. The current therapy solutions for PD are ineffective because they could not inhibit the disease's progression and they even have adverse effects. Natural polyphenols, a group of phytochemicals, have been found to offer various health benefits, including neuroprotection against PD. Among these, resveratrol (RES) has neuroprotective properties owing to its capacity to protect mitochondria and act as an antioxidant. An increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress (OS), which is responsible for cellular damage resulting in lipid peroxidation, oxidative protein alteration, and DNA damage. In PD models, it's been discovered that RES pretreatment can diminish oxidative stress by boosting endogenous antioxidant status and directly scavenging ROS. Several studies have examined the involvement of RES in the modulation of the transcriptional factor Nrf2 in PD models because this protein recognizes oxidants and controls the antioxidant defense. In this review, we have examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the RES activity and reviewed its effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of PD. The gathered evidence herein showed that RES treatment provides neuroprotection against PD by reducing OS and upregulation of Nrf2. Moreover, in the present study, scientific proof of the neuroprotective properties of RES against PD and the mechanism supporting clinical development consideration has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, Poznan, 60-631, Poland
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Ghaidaa Raheem
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
| | - Lateef Al-Awsi
- Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Holya A Lafta
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Niloofar Taheri
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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20
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Rani L, Ghosh B, Ahmad MH, Mondal AC. Evaluation of Potential Neuroprotective Effects of Vanillin Against MPP +/MPTP-Induced Dysregulation of Dopaminergic Regulatory Mechanisms in SH-SY5Y Cells and a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03358-z. [PMID: 37145378 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition. The pathogenesis of PD is still unknown, and drugs available for PD treatment either have side effects or have suboptimal efficacy. Flavonoids are potent antioxidants having little toxicity with extended use, suggesting they might hold promising therapeutic potential against PD. Vanillin (Van) is a phenolic compound that has exhibited neuroprotective properties in various neurological disorders, including PD. However, the neuroprotective role of Van in PD and its underlying mechanisms are scarce and therefore need more exploration. Here, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Van and its associated mechanisms against MPP+/MPTP-induced neuronal loss in differentiated human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells and the mouse model of PD. In the present study, Van treatment significantly enhanced the cell viability and alleviated oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, Van significantly ameliorated the MPP+-induced dysregulations in protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and mRNA expressions of GSK-3β, PARP1, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes in SH-SY5Y cells. Similar to our in vitro results, Van significantly alleviated MPTP-induced neurobehavioral dysregulations, oxidative stress, aberrant TH protein expressions, and immunoreactivity in SNpc of mice brains. Treatment of Van also prevented MPTP-mediated loss of TH-positive intrinsic dopaminergic neurons to SNpc and TH-fibers projecting to the striatum of mice. Thus, Van exhibited promising neuroprotective properties in the current study against MPP+/MPTP-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells and mice, indicating its potential therapeutic properties against PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchi Rani
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Medinipur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mir Hilal Ahmad
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067.
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21
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Franco GA, Interdonato L, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Bioactive Compounds of the Mediterranean Diet as Nutritional Support to Fight Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087318. [PMID: 37108480 PMCID: PMC10139089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a widespread cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal depletion. They include selective malfunction and progressive loss of neurons, glial cells, and neural networks in the brain and spinal cord. There is an urgent need to develop new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating diseases because, today, there is no treatment that can cure degenerative diseases; however, we have many symptomatic treatments. Current nutritional approaches are beginning to reflect a fundamental change in our understanding of health. The Mediterranean diet may have a protective effect on the neurodegenerative process because it is rich in antioxidants, fiber, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Increasing knowledge regarding the impact of diet on regulation at the genetic and molecular levels is changing the way we consider the role of nutrition, resulting in new dietary strategies. Natural products, thanks to their bioactive compounds, have recently undergone extensive exploration and study for their therapeutic potential for a variety of diseases. Targeting simultaneous multiple mechanisms of action and a neuroprotection approach with the diet could prevent cell death and restore function to damaged neurons. For these reasons, this review will be focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and the associations between the Mediterranean-style diet (MD), neurodegenerative diseases, and markers and mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Antonio Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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22
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Dutta AK, Armstrong C, Luo D, Das B, Spencer B, Rissman RA. D-685 Reverses Motor Deficits and Reduces Accumulation of Human α-Synuclein Protein in Two Different Parkinson's Disease Animal Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:885-896. [PMID: 36749600 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) protein in the periphery and central nervous system (CNS) gives rise to a group of disorders, which are labeled collectively as synucleinopathies. These clinically distinct disorders are known as pure autonomic failure, Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). In the case of PD, it has been demonstrated that toxic aggregates of α-syn protein not only cause apoptosis of dopamine neurons but its accumulation in the neocortex and limbic area principally contributes to dementia. In our multifunctional drug discovery research for PD, we converted one of our catechol-containing lead dopamine agonist molecules D-520 into its prodrug D-685. The prodrug exhibited higher in vivo anti-Parkinsonian efficacy in a reserpinized PD animal model than the parent D-520 and exhibited facile brain penetration. In our study with an α-syn transgenic animal model (D line) for PD and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), we have shown that 1 month of chronic treatment with the compound D-685 was sufficient to reduce the accumulation of α-syn and phospho-α-syn in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum areas significantly compared to the control tg mice. Furthermore, D-685 did not exhibit any deleterious effect in the CNS as was evident from the neuron and microglia studies. Future studies will further explore in depth the potential of D-685 to modify disease progression while addressing symptomatic deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloke K Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Christopher Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Banibrata Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Brian Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Petraglia T, Latronico T, Fanigliulo A, Crescenzi A, Liuzzi GM, Rossano R. Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052176. [PMID: 36903422 PMCID: PMC10005153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study the antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of an enriched polysaccharide fraction (EPF) obtained from the fruiting body of cultivated P. eryngii was evaluated. Proximate composition (moisture, proteins, fat, carbohydrates and ash) was determined using the AOAC procedures. The EPF was extracted by using, in sequence, hot water and alkaline extractions followed by deproteinization and precipitation with cold ethanol. Total α- and β-glucans were quantified using the Megazyme International Kit. The results showed that this procedure allows a high yield of polysaccharides with a higher content of (1-3; 1-6)-β-D-glucans. The antioxidant activity of EPF was detected from the total reducing power, DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities. The EPF was found to scavenge DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals with a IC50 values of 0.52 ± 0.02, 1.15 ± 0.09, 0.89 ± 0.04 and 2.83 ± 0.16 mg/mL, respectively. As assessed by the MTT assay, the EPF was biocompatible for DI-TNC1 cells in the range of 0.006-1 mg/mL and, at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 mg/mL, significantly counteracted H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production. This study demonstrated that polysaccharides extracted from P. eryngii might be used as functional food to potentiate the antioxidant defenses and to reduce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Petraglia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Fanigliulo
- Bioagritest Srl-Centro Interregionale di Diagnosi Vegetale, 85010 Pignola, Italy
| | - Aniello Crescenzi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.); (R.R.)
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Huang B, Hu G, Zong X, Yang S, He D, Gao X, Liu D. α-Cyperone protects dopaminergic neurons and inhibits neuroinflammation in LPS-induced Parkinson's disease rat model via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109698. [PMID: 36634417 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that α-Cyperone inhibited the inflammatory response triggered by activated microglia and protected dopaminergic neuron in in vitro cell model of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is unclear the effect of α-Cyperone in animal models of PD. In this study, our results indicated that α-Cyperone ameliorated motor dysfunction, protected dopaminergic neurons, and inhibited the reduction of dopamine and its metabolites in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD rat model. Moreover, α-Cyperone suppressed the activation of microglia and the expression of neuroinflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, COX-2 and ROS). Furthermore, the molecular mechanism research revealed that α-Cyperone inhibited neuroinflammation and oxidative stress to exert protective effect in microglia by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, α-Cyperone upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes (GCLC, GCLM and NQO1) in microglia. In conclusion, our study demonstrates α-Cyperone alleviates dopaminergic neurodegeneration by inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-induced PD rat model via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zong
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dewei He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiyu Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dianfeng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Kruczek M, Gumul D, Korus A, Buksa K, Ziobro R. Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Status of Cookies Supplemented with Apple Pomace. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020324. [PMID: 36829883 PMCID: PMC9952554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The post-production leftovers after the pressing of apple juice are a rich source of health-promoting compounds, which could be used in the food industry for the manufacture of dietary foods, applicable also for people with celiac disease. This raw material is currently little used, and the cost of its disposal is considerable. Therefore, an attempt was made to enrich gluten-free cookies with different proportions of apple pomace. The content of individual polyphenols determined by the UPLC-PDA-MS/MS method, basic chemical composition, physical properties of cookies with 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% apple pomace, were evaluated. It was found that apple pomace in gluten-free cookies caused an increase in the content of phenolic acids, quercetin derivatives, flavan-3-ols and dihydrochalcones. An elevation in protein, fat, and minerals was also observed. The growing share of apple pomace caused a significant increase in the content of total fiber, soluble, and insoluble fractions, but resulted in an increase in the hardness and darkening of the cookies while reducing their volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kruczek
- Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Gumul
- Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Korus
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Buksa
- Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Ziobro
- Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Perdigão JM, Teixeira BJB, Carvalho-da-Silva V, Prediger RD, Lima RR, Rogez H. A critical analysis on the concentrations of phenolic compounds tested using in vitro and in vivo Parkinson's disease models. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 36718558 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2171960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) have neuroprotective effects with potential to prevent or slower the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether the PCs neuroprotective effects can be observed under their dietary concentrations remains unclear. Therefore, we searched for the most cited articles in density on PCs and PD in the Web of Science Core Collection and All-Database (WoS-CC/AD) and selected the articles based on our eligibility criteria. From these 81 articles selected, we extracted information on experimental design, compounds tested, concentration and/or dose administered, route of administration, and main results obtained. We compared the concentrations of PCs evaluated in vitro with the concentrations bioavailable in the human bloodstream. Further, after extrapolation to humans, we compared the doses administered to animals in vivo with the daily consumed amounts of PCs. Concentrations evaluated in 21 in vitro laboratory studies were higher than those bioavailable in the bloodstream. In the case of in vivo laboratory studies, only one study administered doses of PCs in normal daily amount. The results of the comparisons demonstrate that the neuroprotective effects of the selected articles are mainly associated with concentrations, amounts and routes of administration that do not correspond to the consumption of phenolic compounds through the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Messias Perdigão
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Herve Rogez
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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27
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Li Z, Zhao T, Shi M, Wei Y, Huang X, Shen J, Zhang X, Xie Z, Huang P, Yuan K, Li Z, Li N, Qin D. Polyphenols: Natural food grade biomolecules for treating neurodegenerative diseases from a multi-target perspective. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1139558. [PMID: 36925964 PMCID: PMC10011110 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1139558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As natural functional bioactive ingredients found in foods and plants, polyphenols play various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles to prevent the development of disease and restore human health. The multi-target modulation of polyphenols provides a novel practical therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases that are difficult to treat with traditional drugs like glutathione and cholinesterase inhibitors. This review mainly focuses on the efficacy of polyphenols on ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, including in vivo and in vitro experimental studies. It is further emphasized that polyphenols exert neuroprotective effects primarily through inhibiting production of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, which may be the underlying mechanism. However, polyphenols are still rarely used as medicines to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the lack of clinical trials, the mechanism of polyphenols is still in the stage of insufficient exploration. Future large-scale multi-center randomized controlled trials and in-depth mechanism studies are still needed to fully assess the safety, efficacy and side effects of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Peidong Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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28
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Exploiting Polyphenol-Mediated Redox Reorientation in Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121540. [PMID: 36558995 PMCID: PMC9787032 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol, one of the major components that exert the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), comprises several categories, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes, and has long been studied in oncology due to its significant efficacy against cancers in vitro and in vivo. Recent evidence has linked this antitumor activity to the role of polyphenols in the modulation of redox homeostasis (e.g., pro/antioxidative effect) in cancer cells. Dysregulation of redox homeostasis could lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress, which is essential for many aspects of tumors, such as tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Thus, investigating the ROS-mediated anticancer properties of polyphenols is beneficial for the discovery and development of novel pharmacologic agents. In this review, we summarized these extensively studied polyphenols and discussed the regulatory mechanisms related to the modulation of redox homeostasis that are involved in their antitumor property. In addition, we discussed novel technologies and strategies that could promote the development of CHM-derived polyphenols to improve their versatile anticancer properties, including the development of novel delivery systems, chemical modification, and combination with other agents.
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29
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Shamilov AA, Olennikov DN, Pozdnyakov DI, Bubenchikova VN, Garsiya ER, Larskii MV. Caucasian Blueberry: Comparative Study of Phenolic Compounds and Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Potential of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium arctostaphylos Leaves. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122079. [PMID: 36556444 PMCID: PMC9782065 DOI: 10.3390/life12122079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Two Caucasian blueberries Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. are famous berry bushes growing in the Caucasus region and used to treat neurological diseases, but the chemistry and bioactivity of leaf extracts are still poorly studied. (2) Methods: Phenolic compounds of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos leaf extracts were profiled and quantified by HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS. The neurotropic potential of Vaccinium extracts was studied using the model of middle cerebral artery permanent occlusion to determine cerebral blood flow, the area of the brain tissue necrosis, and antioxidant enzyme activity (including superoxide dismutase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome C oxidase), as well as the concentration of TBARS. (3) Results: Hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids were identified in the leaves of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos, and the dominant metabolite of both extracts was 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the amount of 105-226 mg/g. The studied extracts enhanced the cerebral hemodynamics and decreased the frequency of necrotic and lipooxidative processes in the brain tissue, accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The positive effect of V. arctostaphylos was stronger and exceeded the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba standardized extract. (4) Conclusion: The leaf extracts of Caucasian blueberries V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos as a new source of hydroxycinnamates demonstrated a protective effect of the brain ischemia pathology and can be used as therapeutic agents to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold A. Shamilov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Olennikov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakhyanovoy Street, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-902-160-06-27
| | - Dmitryi I. Pozdnyakov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Bubenchikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Kursk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 3 Karl Marks Street, 305000 Kursk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R. Garsiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Larskii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
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Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112774. [PMID: 36361562 PMCID: PMC9655332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sumac, Rhus coriaria L., is a Mediterranean plant showing several useful properties, such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Currently, there is no evidence about its possible neuroprotective action in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized that sumac could modulate mitochondrial functionality in fibroblasts of familial early-onset PD patients showing PARK2 mutations. Sumac extract volatile profile, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity have been previously characterized. We evaluated ROS and ATP levels on sumac-treated patients’ and healthy control fibroblasts. In PD fibroblasts, all treatments were effective in reducing H2O2 levels, while patients’ ATP content was modulated differently, probably due to the varying mutations in the PARK2 gene found in individual patients which are also involved in different mitochondrial phenotypes. We also investigated the effect of sumac extract on THP-1-differentiated macrophages, which show different embryogenic origin with respect to fibroblasts. In THP-1 macrophages, sumac treatment determined a reduction in H2O2 levels and an increase in the mitochondrial ATP content in M1, assuming that sumac could polarize the M1 to M2 phenotype, as demonstrated with other food-derived compounds rich in polyphenols. In conclusion, Rhus coriaria L. extracts could represent a potential nutraceutical approach to PD.
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Liu H, Deng B, Zhou H, Wu Z, Chen Y, Weng G, Zhu S, Xu J, Wang H, Zhou Z, Tan EK, Wang Q. QEEG indices are associated with inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in Parkinson's disease dementia: An observational study. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 52:101615. [PMID: 36034410 PMCID: PMC9399166 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) is a reliable and non-invasive diagnostic tool to quantify cortical synaptic injury or loss in the clinical assessment of neurodegenerative diseases, and may be able to differentiate various types of dementia. We investigated if QEEG indices can differentiate Parkinson's Disease (PD) with nondementia (PD-ND) from PD with dementia (PDD), and to determine if QEEG indices correlate with inflammation and lipid metabolism markers in PD. METHODS This clinical study collected data between July 1, 2018 and July 1, 2021 in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University in China and data was analysed. A total of 125 individuals comprising of 31 PDD, 47 patients with PD-ND and 47 healthy controls were included. We calculated the absolute spectral power (ASP) of frequency bands and the slow-to-fast frequency ratios of specific brain regions. Plasma levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured and correlations with QEEG indices were examined. FINDINGS A significantly higher ASP of delta frequency especially in the frontal region was observed in patients with PDD compared to PD-ND (P=0.004) and controls (P=0.000). Decreased HDL-C (OR=0.186, P=0.030), and increased Hs-CRP (OR =2.856, P=0.015) were associated with PDD. Frontal-delta ASP was negatively correlated with plasma HDL-C (r=-0.353, P=0.000) and SOD (r=-0.322, P=0.001), and positively correlated with Hs-CRP (r=0.342, P=0.000). INTERPRETATION We highlight novel correlations between QEEG indices and inflammation and lipid metabolism markers in PD-ND and PDD. QEEG indices, HDL-C and Hs-CRP are potentially useful for the evaluation of PDD. Our current findings suggest that peripheral inflammation might contribute to the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and EEG slowing in PDD. The mechanism underlying frontal-delta ASP and its correlation with neuro-inflammatory and metabolic markers in PDD should be further investigated. FUNDING The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO: 81873777, 82071414); the Scientific Research Foundation of Guangzhou (NO: 202206010005); the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong of China (NO: 2020A0505100037); the High-level Hospital Construction Research Project of Maoming People's Hospital (NO: xz2020009); the Science and Technology Program of Maoming City (NO: 2021S0026). Dr EK Tan is supported by the National Medical Research Council, Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Zhihuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Guomei Weng
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
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Xu B, Chen J, Liu Y. Curcumin Interacts with α-Synuclein Condensates To Inhibit Amyloid Aggregation under Phase Separation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30281-30290. [PMID: 36061735 PMCID: PMC9434619 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is highly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Discovering α-Syn amyloid inhibitors is one of the strategies for PD therapies. Recent studies suggested that α-Syn undergoes phase separation to accelerate amyloid aggregation. Molecules modulating α-Syn phase separation or transition have the potential to regulate amyloid aggregation. Here, we discovered that curcumin, a small natural molecule, interacts with α-Syn during phase separation. Our study showed that curcumin neither affects the formation of α-Syn condensates nor influences the initial morphology of α-Syn condensates. However, curcumin decreases the fluidity of α-Syn inside the condensates and efficiently inhibits α-Syn from turning into an amyloid. It also inhibits the amyloid aggregations of PD disease-related α-Syn E46K and H50Q mutants under phase separation. Furthermore, curcumin can destabilize preformed α-Syn amyloid aggregates in the condensates. Together, our findings demonstrate that curcumin regulates α-Syn amyloid formation during protein phase separation and reveal that α-Syn amyloid aggregation under phase separation can be modulated by small molecules.
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Apiraksattayakul S, Pingaew R, Prachayasittikul V, Ruankham W, Jongwachirachai P, Songtawee N, Suwanjang W, Tantimongcolwat T, Prachayasittikul S, Prachayasittikul V, Phopin K. Neuroprotective Properties of Bis-Sulfonamide Derivatives Against 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson's Model via Sirtuin 1 Activity and in silico Pharmacokinetic Properties. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:890838. [PMID: 35935335 PMCID: PMC9354714 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.890838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is considered one of the health problems in the aging society. Due to the limitations of currently available drugs in preventing disease progression, the discovery of novel neuroprotective agents has been challenged. Sulfonamide and its derivatives were reported for several biological activities. Herein, a series of 17 bis-sulfonamide derivatives were initially tested for their neuroprotective potential and cytotoxicity against the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neuronal death in SH-SY5Y cells. Subsequently, six compounds (i.e., 2, 4, 11, 14, 15, and 17) were selected for investigations on underlying mechanisms. The data demonstrated that the pretreatment of selected compounds (5 μM) can significantly restore the level of cell viability, protect against mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, decrease the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decrease the intracellular oxidative stress, and enhance the activity of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Molecular docking was also performed to support that these compounds could act as SIRT1 activators. In addition, in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile prediction was also conducted for guiding the potential development. Thus, the six neuroprotective bis-sulfonamides were highlighted as potential agents to be further developed for PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setthawut Apiraksattayakul
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ratchanok Pingaew
| | - Veda Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waralee Ruankham
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Papitcha Jongwachirachai
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napat Songtawee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Suwanjang
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanawut Tantimongcolwat
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Kamonrat Phopin
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Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 2 and cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein in Cultured Neurons by the Macrocyclic Ellagitannin Oenothein B. NEUROSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/neurosci3030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The findings of our recent in vivo study indicated that the oral administration of oenothein B, a unique macrocyclic ellagitannin, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 2 and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the mouse brain. A large hydrophilic oenothein B is unable to reach the brain, suggesting that any metabolite(s) of oenothein B might function in the brain. (2) Results: The addition of oenothein B to the culture medium of rat cortical neurons induced the prompt and significant activation of ERK2 and CREB. (3) Conclusions: The activation of ERK2 and CREB is crucial for synaptic transmission and learning/memory formation in the brain. The present results suggest oenothein B exerts neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects in the brain through the modulation of neuronal signaling pathways, if it reaches the brain.
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do Nascimento TG, Paes-Silva RP, da Luz MCL, Cabral PC, de Araújo Bezerra GK, Gomes ACB. Phase angle, muscle mass, and functionality in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:4203-4209. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-05975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Fanarioti E, Tsarouchi M, Vasilakopoulou PB, Chiou A, Karvelas M, Karathanos VT, Dermon CR. Brain polar phenol content, behavioural and neurochemical effects of Corinthian currant in a rotenone rat model of Parkinson's disease. Nutr Neurosci 2022; 26:652-666. [PMID: 35656969 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2080792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons, leading to reduced motor control. A contributing factor for the nigrostriatal degeneration is known to be oxidative stress, while antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties of natural polyphenols have been suggested to show beneficial effects. The present study questioned the potential neuroprotective effects of supplementary diet with Corinthian currant, using a rat rotenone PD model. METHODS The alterations in motor activity, brain Corinthian currant polar phenols' accumulation, expression patterns of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system were determined in rotenone-treated, currant-diet rats and matching controls. RESULTS Rotenone treatment resulted in motor deficits and TH expression decreases in the nigrostriatal pathway, exhibiting PD-like behavioural motor and neurochemical phenotypes. Interestingly, 38 days Corinthian currant consumption resulted in differential accumulation of polar phenols in mesencephalon and striatum and had a significant effect on attenuating motor deficits and dopaminergic cell loss in substantia nigra pars compacta. In addition, it induced up-regulation of BDNF expression in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. DISCUSSION Taken all together, evidence is provided for the potential neuroprotective influences of Corinthian currant consumption, involving the neurotrophic factor BDNF, in rescuing aspects of PD-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Fanarioti
- Department of Biology, University of Patras - Patras Campus Rion: Panepistemio Patron, Patras, Greece
| | - Martha Tsarouchi
- Department of Biology, University of Patras - Patras Campus Rion: Panepistemio Patron, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Antonia Chiou
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vaios T Karathanos
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Agricultural Cooperatives' Union of Aeghion, Aigio, Greece
| | - Catherine R Dermon
- Department of Biology, University of Patras - Patras Campus Rion: Panepistemio Patron, Patras, Greece
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Xu B, Mo X, Chen J, Yu H, Liu Y. Myricetin Inhibits α-Synuclein Amyloid Aggregation by Delaying the Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200216. [PMID: 35657723 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is a critical pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Prevention of α-Syn aggregation has become a key strategy for treating PD. Recent studies have suggested that α-Syn undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to facilitate nucleation and amyloid formation. Here, we examined the modulation of α-Syn aggregation by myricetin, a polyhydroxyflavonol compound, under the conditions of LLPS. Unexpectedly, neither the initial morphology nor the phase-separated fraction of α-Syn was altered by myricetin. However, the dynamics of α-Syn condensates decreased upon myricetin binding. Further studies showed that myricetin dose-dependently inhibits amyloid aggregation in the condensates by delaying the liquid-to-solid phase transition. In addition, myricetin could disassemble the preformed α-Syn amyloid aggregates matured from the condensates. Together, our study shows that myricetin inhibits α-Syn amyloid aggregation in the condensates by retarding the liquid-to-solid phase transition and reveals that α-Syn phase transition can be targeted to inhibit amyloid aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingkuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, (P. R. China)
| | - Xiaoli Mo
- Biology Department, Clark University 950 Main Street, Worcester, Massachusetts (USA) 01610
| | - Jing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, (P. R. China)
| | - Haijia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, (P. R. China)
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, (P. R. China)
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Witucki Ł, Kurpik M, Jakubowski H, Szulc M, Łukasz Mikołajczak P, Jodynis-Liebert J, Kujawska M. Neuroprotective Effects of Cranberry Juice Treatment in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102014. [PMID: 35631155 PMCID: PMC9144186 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rich in polyphenols, cranberry juice (CJ) with high antioxidant activity is believed to contribute to various health benefits. However, our knowledge of the neuroprotective potential of cranberries is limited. Previously, we have demonstrated that CJ treatment controls oxidative stress in several organs, with the most evident effect in the brain. In this study, we examined the capability of CJ for protection against Parkinson's disease (PD) in a rotenone (ROT) rat model. Wistar rats were administered with CJ in a dose of 500 mg/kg b.w./day (i.g.) and subcutaneously injected with ROT (1.3 mg/kg b.w./day). The experiment lasted 45 days, including 10 days pre-treatment with CJ and 35 days combined treatment with CJ and ROT. We quantified the expression of α-synuclein and apoptosis markers in the midbrain, performed microscopic examination, and assessed postural instability to evaluate the CJ neuroprotective effect. Our results indicate that the juice treatment provided neuroprotection, as evidenced by declined α-synuclein accumulation, Bax and cleaved/active caspase-9 expression, and normalized cytochrome c level that was accompanied by the enhancement of neuronal activity survival and improved postural instability. Importantly, we also found that long-term administration of CJ alone in a relatively high dose may exert a deleterious effect on cell survival in the midbrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Witucki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (Ł.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Monika Kurpik
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.); (J.J.-L.)
| | - Hieronim Jakubowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (Ł.W.); (H.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, International Center for Public Health, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Michał Szulc
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (P.Ł.M.)
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Mikołajczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (P.Ł.M.)
| | - Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.); (J.J.-L.)
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.); (J.J.-L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-847-2081 (ext. 156)
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Rahimmi A, Tozandehjani S, Daraei M, Khademerfan M. The neuroprotective roles of Dietary Micronutrients on Parkinson’s disease: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8051-8060. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07345-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Banerjee P, Saha I, Sarkar D, Maiti AK. Contributions and Limitations of Mitochondria-Targeted and Non-Targeted Antioxidants in the Treatment of Parkinsonism: an Updated Review. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:847-873. [PMID: 35386026 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As conventional therapeutics can only treat the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), major focus of research in recent times is to slow down or prevent the progression of neuronal degeneration in PD. Non-targeted antioxidants have been an integral part of the conventional therapeutics regimen; however, their importance have lessened over time because of their controversial outcomes in clinical PD trials. Inability to permeate and localize within the mitochondria remains the main drawback on the part of non-targeted antioxidants inspite of possessing free radical scavenging properties. In contrast, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants (MTAs), a special class of compounds have emerged having high advantages over non-targeted antioxidants by virtue of efficient pharmacokinetics and better absorption rate with capability to localize many fold inside the mitochondrial matrix. Preclinical experimentations indicate that MTAs have the potential to act as better alternatives compared to conventional non-targeted antioxidants in treating PD; however, sufficient clinical trials have not been conducted to investigate the efficacies of MTAs in treating PD. Controversial clinical outcomes on the part of non-targeted antioxidants and lack of clinical trials involving MTAs have made it difficult to go ahead with a direct comparison and in turn have slowed down the progress of development of safer and better alternate strategies in treating PD. This review provides an insight on the roles MTAs and non-targeted antioxidants have played in the treatment of PD till date in preclinical and clinical settings and discusses about the limitations of mitochondria-targeted and non-targeted antioxidants that can be resolved for developing effective strategies in treating Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyajit Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, Pin-713104, India
| | - Ishita Saha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, Pin-700073, India
| | - Diptendu Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Belur Math, Howrah, West Bengal, 711202, India
| | - Arpan Kumar Maiti
- Mitochondrial Biology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, District - Darjeeling, P.O. N.B.U, Raja Rammohunpur, West Bengal, Pin-734013, India.
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Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Azizi Z, Majlessi N, Choopani S, Naghdi N. Neuroprotective effects of carvacrol against Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases: A review. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 12:371-387. [PMID: 35782773 PMCID: PMC9121261 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.19491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective Neurodegenerative diseases are considered an important cause of cognitive deficit and morbidity in old ages. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of these disorders affecting about 40 million people in the world at the present time. Available drug therapy is mostly symptomatic and does not modify or stop disease progression. Recently, biologically active chemicals from herbs have been studied to develop new therapeutic drugs. Carvacrol has shown positive properties on many neurological diseases. This compound is expected to have the ability to affect AD pathogenesis and therefore, it is considered an anti-AD agent. Materials and Methods This review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct bibliographic databases until November 2021. For data collection, the following keywords were used: carvacrol, neuroprotective, cognition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Acetylcolinesterase inhibitor (AChEI), Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, stroke, ischemic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. Results This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies on protective potential of carvacrol in neurodegenerative disorders and various underlying mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase effects. Conclusion We gave an overview of available literature concerning neuroprotective effects of carvacrol in ameliorating the neurodegenerative diseases symptoms in vivo and in vitro. Particular attention is given to AD. Several neuro-pharmacological actions of carvacrol have been summarized in the current review article including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and AChEI properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nasser Naghdi
- Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-2164112262, Fax: +98-2164112834,
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Fu XX, Wang J, Cai HY, Jiang H, Jiang JZ, Chen HH, Han S. Co-Application of C16 and Ang-1 Improves the Effects of Levodopa in Parkinson Disease Treatment. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:3797-3814. [PMID: 35836722 PMCID: PMC9273834 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s368291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa is regarded as a standard medication in Parkinson disease (PD) treatment. However, long-term administration of levodopa leads to levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), which can markedly affect patient quality of life. Previous studies have shown that neuroinflammation in the brain plays a role in LID and increases potential neuroinflammatory mediators associated with the side effects of levodopa. OBJECTIVE The treatment effect of C16 (a peptide that competitively binds integrin αvβ3 and inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1; a vascular endothelial growth factor vital for blood vessel protection), along with levodopa, was evaluated in a rodent model of PD. METHODS We administered a combination of C16 and Ang-1 in a rodent model of PD induced by MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). Seventy-five mice were randomly divided into five treatment groups: control, vehicle, levodopa, C16+Ang-1, and levodopa+C16+Ang-1. Behavioral, histological, and electrophysiological experiments were used to determine neuron function and recovery. RESULTS The results showed that C16+Ang-1 treatment alleviated neuroinflammation in the CNS and promoted the recovery effects of levodopa on neural function. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that C16+Ang-1 can compensate for the shortcomings of levodopa, improve the CNS microenvironment, and ameliorate the effects of levodopa. This treatment strategy could be developed as a combinatorial therapeutic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Fu
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Ying Cai
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhan Jiang
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
- Hao-Hao Chen, Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, 1188 Wuzhou Steet, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-579-82265128, Fax +86-579-82265110, Email
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shu Han, Institute of Anatomy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-88208160, Fax +86-571-88208094, Email
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Miao Q, Chai Z, Song LJ, Wang Q, Song GB, Wang J, Yu JZ, Xiao BG, Ma CG. The neuroprotective effects and transdifferentiation of astrocytes into dopaminergic neurons of Ginkgolide K on Parkinson's disease mice. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 364:577806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gubert C, Gasparotto J, H. Morais L. OUP accepted manuscript. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac017. [PMID: 35582476 PMCID: PMC9109005 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has been uncovering the role of the gut microbiota for brain health and disease. These studies highlight the role of gut microbiota on regulating brain function and behavior through immune, metabolic, and neuronal pathways. In this review we provide an overview of the gut microbiota axis pathways to lay the groundwork for upcoming sessions on the links between the gut microbiota and neurogenerative disorders. We also discuss how the gut microbiota may act as an intermediate factor between the host and the environment to mediate disease onset and neuropathology. Based on the current literature, we further examine the potential for different microbiota-based therapeutic strategies to prevent, to modify, or to halt the progress of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gubert
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Livia H. Morais
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Corresponding author. Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Tel: +1-626-395-8980;
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Prakash S, Carter WG. The Neuroprotective Effects of Cannabis-Derived Phytocannabinoids and Resveratrol in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Literature Review of Pre-Clinical Studies. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11121573. [PMID: 34942876 PMCID: PMC8699487 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no pharmacological treatments able to reverse nigral degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD), hence the unmet need for the provision of neuroprotective agents. Cannabis-derived phytocannabinoids (CDCs) and resveratrol (RSV) may be useful neuroprotective agents for PD due to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. To evaluate this, we undertook a systematic review of the scientific literature to assess the neuroprotective effects of CDCs and RSV treatments in pre-clinical in vivo animal models of PD. The literature databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science core collection were systematically searched to cover relevant studies. A total of 1034 publications were analyzed, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria for this review. Collectively, the majority of PD rodent studies demonstrated that treatment with CDCs or RSV produced a significant improvement in motor function and mitigated the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Biochemical analysis of rodent brain tissue suggested that neuroprotection was mediated by anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. This review highlights the neuroprotective potential of CDCs and RSV for in vivo models of PD and therefore suggests their potential translation to human clinical trials to either ameliorate PD progression and/or be implemented as a prophylactic means to reduce the risk of development of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayne G. Carter
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1332-724738; Fax: +44-(0)-1332-724626
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Targeting Mitochondria by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Promising Strategy in Combating Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212570. [PMID: 34830453 PMCID: PMC8619002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative conditions, and is currently on the rise. Several dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of PD; however, the critical targets remain unclear. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to reveal the key dysregulated pathways in PD. Prevailing reports have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial and cross-talked mediators in neurological disorders, genetic changes, and related complications of PD. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms of PD, as well as the low efficacy and side effects of conventional neuroprotective therapies, drive the need for finding novel alternative agents. Recently, much attention has been paid to using plant secondary metabolites (e.g., flavonoids/phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and terpenoids) in the modulation of PD-associated manifestations by targeting mitochondria. In this line, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potential for the simultaneous modulation of mitochondrial apoptosis and reactive oxygen species. This review aimed to address mitochondria and multiple dysregulated pathways in PD by plant-derived secondary metabolites.
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Goyal S, Seth B, Chaturvedi RK. Polyphenols and Stem Cells for Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:806-828. [PMID: 34781865 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211115154450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurological disorders, pathologically characterized by chronic degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons respectively. There is still no cure or effective treatment against the disease progression and most of the treatments are symptomatic. The present review offers an overview of the different factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Subsequently, we focused on the recent advanced studies of dietary polyphenols and stem cell therapies, which have made it possible to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. To date, stem cells and different polyphenols have been used for the directional induction of neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons. We have also discussed their involvement in the modulation of different signal transduction pathways and growth factor levels in various in vivo and in vitro studies. Likewise stem cells, polyphenols also exhibit the potential of neuroprotection by their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant properties regulating the growth factors levels and molecular signaling events. Overall this review provides a detailed insight into recent strategies that promise the use of polyphenol with stem cell therapy for the possible treatment of PD and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Goyal
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Brashket Seth
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
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Studying the effect of alpha-synuclein and Parkinson's disease linked mutants on inter pathway connectivities. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16365. [PMID: 34381149 PMCID: PMC8358055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. The differential expression of alpha-synuclein within Lewy Bodies leads to this disease. Some missense mutations of alpha-synuclein may resultant in functional aberrations. In this study, our objective is to verify the functional adaptation due to early and late-onset mutation which can trigger or control the rate of alpha-synuclein aggregation. In this regard, we have proposed a computational model to study the difference and similarities among the Wild type alpha-synuclein and mutants i.e., A30P, A53T, G51D, E46K, and H50Q. Evolutionary sequence space analysis is also performed in this experiment. Subsequently, a comparative study has been performed between structural information and sequence space outcomes. The study shows the structural variability among the selected subtypes. This information assists inter pathway modeling due to mutational aberrations. Based on the structural variability, we have identified the protein-protein interaction partners for each protein that helps to increase the robustness of the inter-pathway connectivity. Finally, few pathways have been identified from 12 semantic networks based on their association with mitochondrial dysfunction and dopaminergic pathways.
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Abstract
The gut microbiota is known to play a role in various disease states through inflammatory, immune and endocrinologic response. Parkinson's Disease is of particular interest as gastrointestinal involvement is one of the earlier features seen in this disease. This paper examines the relationship between gut microbiota and Parkinson's Disease, which has a growing body of literature. Inflammation caused by gut dysbiosis is thought to increase a-synuclein aggregation and worsen motor and neurologic symptoms of Parkinson's disease. We discuss potential treatment and supplementation to modify the microbiota. Some of these treatments require further research before recommendations can be made, such as cord blood transplant, antibiotic use, immunomodulation and fecal microbiota transplant. Other interventions, such as increasing dietary fiber, polyphenol and fermented food intake, can be made with few risks and may have some benefit for symptom relief and speed of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gallop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 7547Saint Louis University, MO, USA
| | - James Weagley
- Division of Biological Sciences, 7548Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Saif-Ur-Rahman Paracha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 7547Saint Louis University, MO, USA
| | - George Grossberg
- Samuel W. Fordyce Professor and Director of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 7547Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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