1
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Jain A, De S, Mukherjee D, Haribabu J, Santibanez JF, Barman P. A substituent-modified new salicylaldehyde-diphenyl-azine based AIEgen: A promising skeleton for copper ion sensor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124824. [PMID: 39029203 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have reported a novel 4-bromo-salicylaldehyde-diphenyl-azine (B-1), a new member of salicylaldehyde-diphenyl-azine (SDPA) family known for its excellent sensing properties. In contrast to the previously reported AIEgens, we found that the bromo-substitution at the 4th position of the salicylaldehyde moiety blue-shifted the emission by 10 and 15 nm as compared to the unsubstituted (Tong et.al 2017) and Bromo at the 5th position (Jain et.al 2023) respectively. Moreover, B-1 crystallizes instantly as the cooling process starts, which was not observed in the previously reported scaffolds. The sensing investigation again demonstrated the precise and ultrasensitive behavior of B-1 for copper ions. B-1 has a very low LOD value i.e. 29.2 x 10-8 M with a high association constant and binds with copper ion in 2:1 mode. This time we also analyzed the practical applicability in the solid phase using cotton swabs and performed the real-time estimation of copper ions in water and biological samples like urine and blood serum. The excellent percentage recovery and the RSD value suggest the precision of the experiments. Further, we also perform the sensing in living cancer HeLa cells. Altogether, we found that the SDPA skeleton is precise and ultrasensitive for copper ions and versatile which can be used variously to detect copper ions in the real world. This research will surely help in developing new specific skeleton-based AIEgens with desirable emission properties and precise applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Jain
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam 788010, India
| | - Soumik De
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam 788010, India
| | - Debanggana Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam 788010, India
| | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, 1532502 Copiapo, Chile; Chennai Institute of Technology (CIT), Chennai 600069, India
| | - Juan F Santibanez
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11029, Serbia; Integrative Center for Biology and Applied Chemistry (CIBQA), Bernardo O'Higgins University, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Pranjit Barman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam 788010, India.
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2
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Bhalla P, Malhotra R. Optical Chemosensor as a Sensitive and Selective Tool for the Detection of Thiocyanate Ions Via Cu 2+ Induced Sensor and Its Practical Application. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03943-y. [PMID: 39325305 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
In various fields, including analytical, environmental, and biochemistry, the detection of ions is significant. A simple probe, 3-(1-((4-aminophenyl)imino)ethyl)-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (DPD), was designed for this study and used for the detection of Cu2+ ions in methanol, based on dehydroacetic acid and phenylenediamine moieties. Binding interactions studies were performed using UV-Vis measurements, which showed selective binding behaviour towards Cu2+ ions. The HRMS spectral data and Job's plot were used to check the stoichiometry ratio of 2:1 of a probe to Cu2+ ions. A detection limit of 1.38×10-7 M for Cu2+ ions was observed. Theoretical DFT calculations were used to determine the quantum parameters and the energy gap between frontier molecular orbitals. Interestingly, the DPD-Cu2+ complex acted as a probe for the detection of SCN- ions at a low LOD value, i.e., 1.97×10-7 M. A novel incidence of reversibility with SCN- ions was reported using the HRMS technique. Next, real water and blood samples were used, and the concentration of Cu2+ ions was calculated to further analyse the practical applicability of the probe. The DPD probe showed better selectivity and sensitivity than previously reported sensors, especially in complex matrices, where other sensors frequently experience interference and detection limit issues, indicating its potential as an advanced tool for ion detection in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Bhalla
- Department of Applied Sciences, St. Andrews Institute of Technology & Management, Farrukh Nagar, Gurugram, 122506, India
| | - Rajesh Malhotra
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
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3
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Lv C, Hu B, Tao Y. A Novel AIE-Active Salicylaldehyde-Schiff Base Probe with Carbazole Group for Al 3+ Detection in Aqueous Solution. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03859-7. [PMID: 39133442 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A donor-acceptor Schiff-base fluorescent probe BKS with chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) mechanism was designed and synthesized via benzophenone(Acceptor), salicylaldehyde and carbazole(Donor) for Al3+ detection, which exhibited typical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic. BKS probe could provide outstanding selectivity to Al3+ with a prominent fluorescence "turn-on" at 545 nm in a wide pH range from 2 to 11. By the Job's plot, the binding stoichiometry ratio of probe BKS to Al3+ was determined 1:1. The proposed strategy offered a very low limit of detection at 1.486 µM in THF/H2O(V/V = 1:4, HEPBS = 10 mM, pH = 7.40), which was significantly lower than the standard of WHO (Huang et al., Microchem J 151:104195, 2019)-(Yongjie Ding et al., Spectrochim Acta Mol Biomol Spectrosc 167:59-65, 2021) guidelines for drinking water. BKS probe could provide a wider linear detection range of 50 to 500 µM. Furthermore, the probe could hardly be interfered by other examined metal ions. The analysis of Al3+ in real water samples with appropriate recovery (100.72 to 102.85) with a relative standard deviation less than 2.82% indicated the accuracy and precision of BKS probe and the great potential in the environmental monitoring of Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Lv
- Research and development department, Hunan Langsai technology company, Yueyang, Hunan Province, 414006, PR China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Research and development department, Hunan Langsai technology company, Yueyang, Hunan Province, 414006, PR China.
| | - Yong Tao
- Research and development department, Hunan Langsai technology company, Yueyang, Hunan Province, 414006, PR China.
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4
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S V, Nag A, Das AK. A versatile sensor capable of ratiometric fluorescence detection of trace water and turn-on detection of Cu 2+ modulating the binding interaction of a Cu(II) complex with BSA and DNA complemented by docking studies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:5263-5271. [PMID: 39015041 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00675e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
A fluorescent molecule, pyridine-coupled bis-anthracene (PBA), has been developed for the selective fluorescence turn-on detection of Cu2+. Interestingly, the ligand PBA also exhibited a red-shifted ratiometric fluorescence response in the presence of water. Thus, a ratiometric water sensor has been utilized as a selective fluorescence turn-on sensor for Cu2+, achieving a 10-fold enhancement in the fluorescence and quantum yield at 446 nm, with a lower detection limit of 0.358 μM and a binding constant of 1.3 × 106 M-1. For practical applications, sensor PBA can be used to detect Cu2+ in various types of soils like clay soil, field soil and sand. The interaction of the PBA-Cu(II) complex with transport proteins like bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ct-DNA has been investigated through fluorescence titration experiments. Additionally, the structural optimization of PBA and the PBA-Cu(II) complex has been demonstrated by DFT, and the interaction of the PBA-Cu(II) complex with BSA and ct-DNA has been analyzed using theoretical docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu S
- Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
| | - Anish Nag
- Department of Life Science, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Avijit Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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5
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Roy S, Choudhury P, Biswas B. Chelation therapy-inspired design of a water-stable fluorescent probe for the effectual monitoring of copper(II) ions in real water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:5003-5011. [PMID: 38979725 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces a thought-provoking design to develop a water-soluble chemical probe, sodium 4-hydroxy-3-((E)-((E)-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1yl)methylene)hydrazono)methyl) benzenesulfonate (SW2) and its analytical characterization for the efficient detection and monitoring of Cu2+ ions in a matrix of s-, d-, and f-metal ions in pure water. The water-stable molecular probe, SW2, in the presence of Cu2+ salts in pure water exhibits a fluorescence turn-off characteristic with a high detection limit, 3.8 μM, and irresistibly holds 4-cycle reversibility in the presence of sulphide ions without any significant loss of its chemosensing efficiency. Spectroscopic and computational studies ensure 1 : 1 complexation between SW2 and Cu2+ ions, leading to the formation of SW2-Cu2+ chelate, thus inducing dynamic quenching of SW2 emission, which subsequently reverts on the addition of S2- ions in water. Additionally, the SW2-Cu2+ chelate was isolated in microcrystalline powder and the complexation was studied with mass spectrometry and EPR analysis. Computational analysis reveals the remarkable reduction in the S0-S1 energy level of the SW2-Cu2+ complex, which is attributed to the drastic quenching of the fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, SW2 was successfully applied to the detection of Cu2+ ions in tap and pond water. Interestingly, the probe is also effective for the determination of Cu2+ ions in the aqueous solution of a Cu-based fungicide (copper oxychloride), commercially available as Blitox in India, thus evaluating the effectiveness of SW2 in real sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvojit Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
| | - Prosenjit Choudhury
- Department of Physics, Dr Meghnad Saha College, Uttar Dinajpur 733128, India
| | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
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6
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Li C, Zhao J. Organoplatinum Complex Exhibiting Aggregation-Enhanced Emission (AEE) and Dual-Channel Ion-Sensing Properties by Terminating the Molecular Configuration Transformation (MCT) and Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11757-11767. [PMID: 38866593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Emitters produce weak emissions when they undergo structural changes such as molecular configuration transformation (MCT) or excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) but give out strong emissions after terminating these distortions. Herein, an organoplatinum complex, Pt-ppy-ABP, carrying a salicylaldehyde-based Schiff base unit is synthesized. It exhibits weak emission in dilute solutions but shows bright emission at the aggregated state or after interacting with F- and Zn2+. This suggests that it has an aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) property and holds potential in ion detection. Supported by theoretical calculations and femtosecond transient absorption results, this complex suffers excited-state structural changes including MCT from a square-planar configuration to a tetrahedral one, as well as intramolecular rotation of a monodentate ligand and ESIPT, showing weak emission in its solutions. At the aggregated state, it releases strong yellow emissions because of the restraints of MCT and ligand rotation. Upon interacting with F- or Zn2+, it emits bright-red or -green emissions, achieving detection limits of 10-7 M. The sensing mechanism is concluded as deprotonation- and coordination-induced ESIPT terminations, respectively. Given its AEE property and ion-responsive emissions, its application in information encryption is also explored. Finally, these findings should provide valuable clues for the developments of chemosensors with dual-channel recognition abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
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7
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Bhardwaj K, Anand T, Jangir R, Sahoo SK. Improving Copper(II) Sensitivity by Combined use of AIEE Active and Inactive Schiff Bases. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1065-1074. [PMID: 37452963 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
An aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) active Schiff base PNN was synthesized by condensing benzidine with 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde. The green-fluorescent PNN (λem = 510 nm) in DMF turned to yellow-fluorescent PNN (λem = 557 nm) upon increasing the fractions of HEPES buffer (10 mM, pH 7.4) above 40%. The DLS study supports the self-aggregation of PNN that restricts the intramolecular rotation and activates the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process. The fluorescence emission of AIEE active PNN was quenched by Cu2+ with an estimated detection limit of 2.1 µM. Interestingly, the detection limit of PNN towards Cu2+ was improved in the presence of an AIEE inactive Schiff base PBPM obtained by reacting 1,4-diaminobenzene with pyridine-4-carbaldehyde. The mixed PNN-PBPM showed a detection limit of 0.49 µM. The practical utility of PNN-PBPM was validated by quantifying Cu2+ ions in real environmental water samples and green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishk Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Thangaraj Anand
- Department of Chemistry, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India
| | - Ritambhara Jangir
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Suban K Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India.
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8
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Sambamoorthy S, Thamaraichelvan G, Karikalan A, Kumar SS. Heterocyclic fluorescent Schiff base chemosensors for the detection of Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4739. [PMID: 38685743 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Two new Schiff bases were synthesized from 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone and pyridine derivatives. Both compounds were characterized using infrared, UV-Vis., 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral studies. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for both the Schiff bases with 6-31G(d, p) as the basis set. Vibrational frequencies calculated using the theoretical method were in good agreement with the experimental values. Both the Schiff bases were highly fluorescent in nature. The cation-recognizing profile of the compounds was investigated in aqueous methanol medium. The Schiff base 4-(1-(pyridin-4-ylimino)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol (PYEB) was found to interact with Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions, whereas the Schiff base 4,4'-((pyridine-2,3-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(benzene-1,3-diol) (PDEB) was found to detect Cu(II) ions. The mechanism of recognition was established as combined excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect and chelation-enhanced quenching (CHEQ) process for the detection of Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. The stability constant of the metal complexes formed during the sensing process was determined. The limit of detection for Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions with respect to Schiff base PYEB was found to be 1.64 × 10-6 and 2.16 × 10-7 M, respectively. With respect to Schiff base PDEB, the limit of detection for Cu(II) ion was found to be 4.54 × 10-4 M. The Cu(II) ion sensing property of the Schiff base PDEB was applied in bioimaging studies for the detection of HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhi Sambamoorthy
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Seethalakshmi Ramaswami College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Geetha Thamaraichelvan
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Seethalakshmi Ramaswami College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Abinaya Karikalan
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Seethalakshmi Ramaswami College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Saranya Srinivasa Kumar
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Seethalakshmi Ramaswami College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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9
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Vyas S, Barot YB, Mishra R. Novel Anthracene and Carbazole Based Aggregation Induced Enhanced Emission Active Schiff Base as a Selective Sensor for Cu 2+ ions. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03713-w. [PMID: 38656644 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03713-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In present work our group has synthesized two novel Schiff-bases, Di-Carbazole based Schiff-base (DB-1) and Di-Anthracene based Schiff-base (DB-2) using condensation reaction and characterized thorough different spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the AIE(Aggregation induced emission) studies were done using water-THF mixture. As compared to pure THF, the DB-2 showed a 17.8-fold increase in fluorescence intensity with a bathochromic shift of 64 nm in 80% water: THF mixture. For DB-1increase was seen at 70% water-THF combination. The analysis of the dynamic light scattering (DLS) further supported this excellent AIEE (Aggregation induced enhanced emission) characteristic. Furthermore, the spectrofluorometric techniques were used to examine the capacity of both Schiff bases to detect the heavy metals. It was discovered that only DB-1, with a detection limit of 2.4 × 10-8 M, was selective for the Cu2+ ion, whereas DB-2 had no sensing capability for metal ions. The Job's plot was used to determine the stoichiometry ratio of the DB-1 with Cu2+ to further examine the process. It was discovered that the ratio was 1:1 (DB-1:Cu2+). Additionally, the association constant of DB-1 for Cu2+ was 5.1 × 1011 M-1, demonstrating the excellent binding affinity of DB-1 for the Cu2+ ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Vyas
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Yash B Barot
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Roli Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India.
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10
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Saleh SM, Altaiyah S, Ali R. Dual-emission ciprofloxacin-gold nanoclusters enable ratiometric sensing of Cu 2+, Al 3+, and Hg 2. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:199. [PMID: 38483615 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
An innovative triple optical sensor is presented that utilizes gold nanoclusters (GNCs) stabilized with ciprofloxacin (CIP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The sensor is designed to identify three critical metal ions, namely Cu2+, Al3+, and Hg2+. Under 360 nm excitation, the synthesized CIP-BSA-GNCs demonstrate dual fluorescence emission with peaks at 448 nm (blue) and 612 nm (red). The red emission is associated with the interior of the CIP-BSA-GNCs, whereas the blue emission results from the surface-bound CIP molecules. The sensitive and selective fluorescent nanosensor CIP-BSA-GNCs were employed to detect Cu2+, Al3+, and Hg2+ ions. Cu2+ effectively quenched the fluorescence intensity of the CIP-BSA-GNCs at both peaks via the internal charge transfer mechanism (ICT). Cu2+ could be detected within the concentration range 1.13 × 10-3 to 0.05 µM, with a detection limit of 0.34 nM. Al3+ increased the intensity of CIP fluorescence at 448 nm via the chelation-induced fluorescence enhancement mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of the core CIP-BSA-GNCs at 612 nm was utilized as a reference signal. Thus, the ratiometric detection of Al3+ succeeded with a limit of detection of 0.21 nM within the dynamic range 0.69 × 10-3 to 0.07 µM. Hg2+ effectively quenched the fluorescence intensity of the CIP-BSA-GNCs at 612 nm via the metallophilic interaction mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of CIP molecules at 448 nm was utilized as a reference signal. This allowed for the ratiometric detection of Hg2+ with a detection limit of 0.7 nM within the concentration range 2.3 × 10-3 to 0.1 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, 51452, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, 43721, Egypt.
| | - Shahad Altaiyah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, 51452, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, 51452, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
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11
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Ben Haj Fraj S, Ferlazzo A, El Haskouri J, Neri G, Baouab MHV. New fluorescent Schiff base modified nanocellulose-based chemosensors for the selective detection of Fe 3+, Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ in semi-aqueous media and application in seawater sample. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127762. [PMID: 37924906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive fluorescent-modified biopolymers have received significant attention in the field of chemosensors. Herein, four new fluorescent dyes, namely, S1: (PDA-DANC), S2: (SAL-PDA-DANC), S3: (BrSAL-PDA-DANC) and S4: (ClSAL-PDA-DANC) have been successfully synthesized from 2,3-dialdehyde nanocellulose (DANC) for the detection of heavy metals. The microstructural and photophysical properties of nanocellulose (NC), microcrystalline cellulose (DANC) and the synthesized S1 to S4 dyes were investigated by FT-IR, SEM-EDX, XRD, TGA, DLS and photoluminescence. NC, obtained from conversion of MCC, shows an average size of 802.4 nm with 0.141 of polydispersity index (PdI), and a crystalline index (CI) of 82.40 % and crystallite size of 4.68 nm. The synthesized dyes present good fluorescent properties and have been therefore exploited for developing new probes for heavy metal ions detection. Remarkable "turn off" and/or "turn on" behaviors with Fe3+ and Cu2+ and with Zn2+ in DMF/water solution have been demonstrated, allowing the sensitive and selective determination of these heavy metal ions with a low limit of detection (LOD). Finally, the evaluation of the Fe3+ sensing in a real seawater sample was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ben Haj Fraj
- Research Unit Materials and Organic Synthesis (UR17ES31), Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia; Instituto de Ciencias de Los Materiales de la Universitad de Valencia, Calle Catedratico José Beltran 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Ferlazzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jamal El Haskouri
- Instituto de Ciencias de Los Materiales de la Universitad de Valencia, Calle Catedratico José Beltran 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mohamed Hassen V Baouab
- Research Unit Materials and Organic Synthesis (UR17ES31), Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
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Giri PK, Samanta SS, Mudi N, Mandal U, Misra A. Synthesis of Fluorophore Based Functional Material for Selective Detection of Al 3+ Ion in Water and Decoding the AIEE Property of Its Hydrosol. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:2131-2144. [PMID: 37060429 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
A designed aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) active fluorescence probe 2,3-Bis-[(2-hydroxy-napthalen-1-ylmethylene)-amino]-but-2-enedinitrile (L) was synthesized via one step condensation method. The probe shows swift sensitivity and selectivity toward Al3+over other relevant metal ions and also exhibits significant AIEE phenomena in methanol/water mixture. Significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity is triggered via chelation-enhanced fluorescence through complex (Al3+-L) formation. A 2:1 metal to ligand ratio is observed from Job's plot based on UV - Vis absorption titration and detection limit (LOD) is found as low as 31.14 nM. Moreover, 1H NMR titrations and fluorescence reversibility by adding Al3+ and EDTA sequentially had been performed to establish the binding site of sensor complex (Al3+-L). Time-resolved photoluminescence, dynamic light scattering, optical microscopy, and on-site visualization studies have been performed to understand the AIEE mechanism of L in different volume percentage of water and methanol mixture. An INHIBIT molecular logic gate has been constructed utilizing the fluorescence behavior of the probe, L in presence of Al3+ and strong chelating ligand EDTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Naren Mudi
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Usha Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajay Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India.
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13
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Gao J, Zhang Y, Mu H, Yang M, Guan X, Jin G, Li H. Paying Comprehensive Attention to the Temperature-Dependent Dual-Channel Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanism of Fluorescence Ratio Probe BZ-DAM. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13899. [PMID: 37762210 PMCID: PMC10530469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of fluorescence detection of diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) based on 2-substituted benzothiazole (BZ-DAM) was studied by a theoretical calculation method. It should not be ignored that both the BZ-DAM and the detection product BZ-CHO have two excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) channels. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) theory were used to study the photophysical mechanism of two compounds in two channels in (acetonitrile) ACN solvent, and the temperature dependence of the two channels was given. Channel 1 is more likely to exist at low temperatures and channel 2 is more likely to exist at high temperatures. By theoretical analysis of the constructed potential energy curve, the hydrogen bond energy and electron-hole analysis, we confirmed that both molecules undergo ESIPT and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) processes in channel 1 and ESIPT and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) coupling processes in channel 2. The formation of product BZ-CHO molecules led to a significant fluorescence blue-shift phenomenon and inhibited the ICT process, which confirmed that BZ-DAM could be used as a fluorescence probe for fluorescence detection. We sincerely hope that this work will not only help to clarify the excited-state dynamics behavior of the BZ-DAM probe but also provide a new idea for designing and optimizing a new chemical dosimeter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guangyong Jin
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (J.G.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (X.G.)
| | - Hui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (J.G.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (X.G.)
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14
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Liu X, Shi T, Xu C, Zhu M, Wang Y. A highly selective and sensitive ICT-based Cu 2+ fluorescent probe and its application in bioimaging. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115127. [PMID: 37320915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cu2+ is an essential trace element for the organism, but its excess can also cause irreversible damage to the organism. As such, a "Turn-Off" fluorescent probe DPAP for the specific detection of Cu2+ was successfully constructed. DPAP exhibits large Stokes shift (120 nm), fast reaction speed (1 min), low detection limit (15.2 nM), low toxicity, and good cell permeability. Cu2+ quenches the fluorescence of DPAP by blocking its intramolecular charge transfer process to achieve the detection of Cu2+ and has been confirmed by HRMS, 1H NMR and DFT calculations. Excitingly, the five-cycle detection of Cu2+ and the successful recovery of trace Cu2+ in environmental water samples fully demonstrate the potential of DPAP for practical applications. In particular, DPAP can observe the distribution and translocation patterns of exogenous Cu2+ in HeLa cells and zebrafish in real-time. This research concept has offered important theoretical support for the study of the environmental behavior of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xina Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Taozhong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Meiqing Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China.
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15
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Borlan R, Soritau O, Maniu D, Hada AM, Florea A, Astilean S, Focsan M. Albumin nanoparticles with tunable ultraviolet-to-red autofluorescence for label-free cell imaging and selective biosensing of copper ion. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125129. [PMID: 37263331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Early and simple detection of aberrant cooper metabolism in diseases with neurological-manifestations and several other conditions, including cancer, becomes an urgent necessity. Instrumental methods used today are limited to high-cost equipment and reagents and demand highly qualified personnel. In this work, we report easy-to-use and cost-effective nano-sized sensors for the selective and quantitative detection of copper ion based on fluorescence quenching. Glutaraldehyde cross-linked albumin nanoparticles with tunable ultraviolet-to-red autofluorescence emissions are developed as dual-agents for sensing and imaging. These albumin nanoparticles show great selectivity towards copper ion when tested against a selection of biochemical components and other metal ions, and a limit of detection as low as 1.9 μM, relevant for sensing in clinical diagnosis, was determined. In addition, a lack of toxicity and good cellular uptake were observed and the ultraviolet-to-red intrinsic fluorescence of the albumin nanoparticles was preserved when tested in vitro on NIH:OVCAR3 cell line. Preliminary studies confirm the albumin nanoparticles' ability to detect Cu2+in vitro and establishes their potential for future practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Borlan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Olga Soritau
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Dana Maniu
- Biomolecular Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
| | - Alexandru-Milentie Hada
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania; Biomolecular Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
| | - Simion Astilean
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania; Biomolecular Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
| | - Monica Focsan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
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16
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Li Q, Ma L, Li J, Wang L, Yu L, Zhao Y, Lv Y. Study of a Fluorescent System Based on the Naphthalene Derivative Fluorescent Probe Bound to Al 3. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:868. [PMID: 37421101 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The naphthalene derivative fluorescent probe F6 was synthesized and a 1 × 10-3 mol/L solution of Al3+ and other metals to be tested was prepared for the subsequent experiments. The Al3+ fluorescence system of the naphthalene derivative fluorescent probe F6 was successfully constructed as demonstrated by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The optimal time, temperature and pH of the reaction were investigated. The selectivity and anti-interference ability of the probe F6 for Al3+ were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy in a methanol solution. The experiments showed that the probe has high selectivity and anti-interference ability for Al3+. The binding ratio of F6 to Al3+ was 2:1, and the binding constant was calculated to be 1.598 × 105 M-1. The possible mechanism of the binding of the two was speculated. Different concentrations of Al3+ were added to Panax Quinquefolium and Paeoniae Radix Alba. The results showed that the recoveries of Al3+ were 99.75-100.56% and 98.67-99.67%, respectively. The detection limit was 8.73 × 10-8 mol/L. The experiments demonstrated that the formed fluorescence system can be successfully adapted for the determination of Al3+ content in two Chinese herbal medicines, which has good practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Lei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jianyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Liansheng Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Yuehui Zhao
- Inspection and Testing Center, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Yuguang Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
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17
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Aroua LM, Ali R, Albadri AEAE, Messaoudi S, Alminderej FM, Saleh SM. A New, Extremely Sensitive, Turn-Off Optical Sensor Utilizing Schiff Base for Fast Detection of Cu(II). BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:359. [PMID: 36979571 PMCID: PMC10046006 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Throughout this research, a unique optical sensor for detecting one of the most dangerous heavy metal ions, Cu(II), was designed and developed. The (4-mercaptophenyl) iminomethylphenyl naphthalenyl carbamate (MNC) sensor probe was effectively prepared. The Schiff base of the sensor shows a "turn-off" state with excellent sensitivity to Cu(II) ions. This innovative fluorescent chemosensor possesses distinctive optical features with a substantial Stocks shift (about 114 nm). In addition, MNC has remarkable selectivity for Cu(II) relative to other cations. Density functional theory (DFT) and the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) theoretical calculations were performed to examine Cu(II) chelation structures and associated electronic properties in solution, and the results indicate that the luminescence quenching in this complex is due to ICT. Chelation-quenched fluorescence is responsible for the internal charge transfer (ICT)-based selectivity of the MNC sensing molecule for Cu(II) ions. In a 1:9 (v/v) DMSO-HEPES buffer (20 mM, pH = 7.4) solution, Fluorescence and UV-Vis absorption of the MNC probe and Cu(II) ions were investigated. By utilizing a solution containing several metal ions, the interference of other metal ions was studied. This MNC molecule has outstanding selectivity and sensitivity, as well as a low LOD (1.45 nM). Consequently, these distinctive properties enable it to find the copper metal ions across an actual narrow dynamic range (0-1.2 M Cu(II)). The reversibility of the sensor was obtained by employing an EDTA as a powerful chelating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi M. Aroua
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry-Synthesis and Physicochemical Studies (LR99ES14), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Reham Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Abuzar E. A. E. Albadri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Sayed M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
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18
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Li Y, Song R, Zhao J, Liu Y, Zhao J. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a novel Naphthalene-derived Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Zn2+. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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19
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Waziri I, Yusuf TL, Akintemi E, Kelani MT, Muller A. Spectroscopic, crystal structure, antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluations of new Schiff base compounds: An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Zhao WZ. Crystal structure of 4-((6-bromohexyl)oxy)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, C 13H 17BrO 3. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
C13H17BrO3, triclinic,
P
1
‾
$P\overline{1}$
(no. 2), a = 8.5759(12) Å, b = 9.1690(12) Å, c = 9.9698(12) Å, α = 81.677(4)°, β = 76.029(4)°, γ = 63.441(4)°, V = 679.87(16) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0433, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1253, T = 302(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ze Zhao
- Shandong Vocational College of Industry , Zibo , Shandong , 550025 , P. R. China
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21
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Hydrobenzoic acid-based ‘Turn-Off’ fluorescent sensor for selective detection of Cu2+ ions: Chemical preparation, characterization and photophysical studies. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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22
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Agren S, Chaabene M, El Haskouri J, Ben Chaâbane R, Lahcini M, Hassen V Baouab M. Anil’s ultrasonic synthesis: A preliminary photophysical study of substituent’s effects on chromogenic and fluorogenic cation sensing. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Optical and quantitative sensing capability of phenolphthalein derived Schiff base chromo‐fluorogenic sensor for Cu2+. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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24
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Chopra T, Sasan S, Devi L, Parkesh R, Kapoor KK. A comprehensive review on recent advances in copper sensors. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Rasin P, Manakkadan V, Vadakkedathu Palakkeezhillam VN, Haribabu J, Echeverria C, Sreekanth A. Simple Fluorescence Sensing Approach for Selective Detection of Fe 3+ Ions: Live-Cell Imaging and Logic Gate Functioning. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33248-33257. [PMID: 36157778 PMCID: PMC9494683 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A pyrene-based fluorescent chemosensor APSB [N-(pyrene-1-ylmethylene) anthracen-2-amine] was designed and developed by a simple condensation reaction between pyrene carboxaldehyde and 2-aminoanthracene. The APSB fluorescent sensor selectively binds Fe3+ in the presence of other metal ions. Apart from this, APSB shows high selectivity and sensitivity toward Fe3+ ion detection. The detection limit for APSB was 1.95 nM, and the binding constant (K b) was obtained as 8.20 × 105 M-1 in DMSO/water (95/5, v/v) medium. The fluorescence quantum yields for APSB and APSB-Fe3+ were calculated as 0.035 and 0.573, respectively. The function of this fluorescent sensor APSB can be explained through the photo-induced electron transfer mechanism which was further proved by density functional theory studies. Finally, a live-cell image study of APSB in HeLa cells was also carried out to investigate the cell permeability of APSB and its efficiency for selective detection of Fe3+ in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puthiyavalappil Rasin
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vipin Manakkadan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, 1532502Copiapo, Chile
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, 1532502Copiapo, Chile
| | - Anandaram Sreekanth
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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26
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Chemoselective detection based on experimental and theoretical calculations of Cu2+ ions via deprotonation of chromone derived probe and its application. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Zhao WZ. Crystal structure of N
2, N
6-bis(2-((( E)-quinolin-8-ylmethylene)amino)phenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide, C 39H 27N 7O 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C39H27N7O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.3871(18) Å, b = 19.114(3) Å, c = 13.2430(16) Å, β = 103.236(4)°, V = 3052.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0516, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1313, T = 293(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ze Zhao
- Shandong Vocational College of Industry , Zibo , Shandong , 256414 , People’s Republic of China
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28
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Devi B, Guha AK, Malakar C, Devi A. Synthesis, characterization, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation, and fluorescent study of an efficient and novel Schiff base Cu(II) sensor. J CHEM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-022-02083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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29
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Li Y, Liu Y, Wei X, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhang Q. A symmetric Schiff base fluorescent “turn-on” chemosensor for aluminum (III) ion selective detection based on hydrolysis. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Pundi A, Chang CJ, Chen J, Hsieh SR, Lee MC. A dimedone-phenylalanine-based fluorescent sensor for the detection of iron (III), copper (II), L-cysteine, and L-tryptophan in solution and pharmaceutical samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 274:121108. [PMID: 35272123 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of fluorescence molecules for the fast and effective detection of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) has attracted a lot of attention because it is an important amino acid for baby growth, nitrogen equilibrium in adults, improving sleep, and mood regulation. A dimedone-phenylalanine-based chiral sensor (SDPA) was synthesized and exhibited a strong fluorescence quenching by Fe3+ and Cu2+ in a water/DMSO (3/7) solution with a detection limit of 2.29 × 10-6 M and 6.37 × 10-6 M, respectively. The factors affecting fluorescence sensings, such as the pH and competing cations, were studied. The sensor can be reused at least five times after being treated with EDTA. The Job plot, ESI-MS spectra, 1H NMR spectra, absorbance, and fluorescence titration experiments were investigated to study the mechanism of SDPA-Fe3+ and SDPA-Cu2+ complexation. The SDPA-Cu2+ complex can detect L-tryptophan and L-cysteine at trace levels by turn-on fluorescence with a detection limit of 9.35 × 10-6 M and 8.86 × 10-6 M, respectively. Moreover, applying the SDPA-Cu2+ complex for quantitative analysis of L-tryptophan in real sleep-improving capsules resulted in good recovery. The L-tryptophan level of the Elining capsule was determined at 190.8 ± 10.5 mg/g (mg L-tryptophan/g medicine), which is close to the announced quantity of 180 mg/g. Besides, the SDPA-Cu2+ complex can selectively detect free L-Try molecules and L-Try residues in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Pundi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chi-Jung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan ROC.
| | - Jemkun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec.4, Keelung Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Rong Hsieh
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, 88, Sec. 1, Fengxing Road, Tanzi, Taichung 427, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Ching Lee
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4, Taichung 40705, Taiwan, ROC
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31
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Deb Roy JS, Chowdhury D, Sanfui MH, Hassan N, Mahapatra M, Ghosh NN, Majumdar S, Chattopadhyay PK, Roy S, Singha NR. Ratiometric pH Sensing, Photophysics, and Cell Imaging of Nonaromatic Light-Emitting Polymers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2990-3005. [PMID: 35579235 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Here, four nontraditional fluorescent polymers (NTFPs) of varying N,N-dimethyl-2-propenamide (DMPA) and butyl prop-2-enoate (BPE) mole ratios, i.e., 2:1 (NTFP1), 4:1 (NTFP2), 8:1 (NTFP3), and 16:1 (NTFP4), are prepared via random polymerization in water. The maximum fluorescence enhancement of NTFP3 makes it suitable for ratiometric pH sensing, Cu(II) sensing, and pH-dependent cell imaging of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The oxygen donor functionalities of NTFP3 involved in binding and sensing with Cu(II) ions are studied by absorption, emission, electron paramagnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and O1s/Cu2p X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS). The spectral responses of the ratiometric pH sensor within 1.5-11.5 confirm 22 and 44 nm red shifts in absorption and ratiometric emission, respectively. The striking color changes from blue (436 nm) to green (480 nm) via an increase in pH are thought to be the stabilization of the charged canonical form of tertiary amide, i.e., -C(O-)═N+(CH3)2, realized from the changes in the absorption/fluorescence spectra and XPS/FTIR analyses. The through-space n-π* interactions in the NTFP3 aggregate, N-branching-associated rigidity, and nonconventional intramolecular hydrogen bondings of adjacent NTFP3 moieties in the NTFP3 aggregate contribute to aggregation-enhanced emissions (AEEs). Here, structures of NTFP3, NTFP3 aggregate, and Cu(II)-NTFP3; absorption; n-π* interactions; hydrogen bondings; AEEs; and binding with Cu(II) are ascertained by density functional theory, time-dependent density functional theory, and reduced density gradient calculations. The excellent limits of detection and Stern-Volmer constants of NTFP3 are 2.24 nM/0.14234 ppb and 4.26 × 103 M-1 at pH = 6.5 and 0.95 nM/0.06037 ppb and 4.90 × 103 M-1 at pH = 8.0, respectively. Additionally, the Stokes shift and binding energy of NTFP3 are 13,636 cm-1/1.69 eV and -4.64 eV, respectively. The pH-dependent MDCK cell imaging ability of noncytotoxic NTFP3 is supported via fluorescence imaging and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Sankar Deb Roy
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Deepak Chowdhury
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Md Hussain Sanfui
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Nadira Hassan
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Manas Mahapatra
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Narendra Nath Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
| | - Swapan Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala 799022, India
| | - Pijush Kanti Chattopadhyay
- Department of Leather Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Subhasis Roy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Nayan Ranjan Singha
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
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Zhang X, Su SY, Chen XT, Shen LY, Zhang QL, Ni XL, Xu H, Wang ZY, Redshaw C. A New Cationic Fluorescent Probe for HSO 3- Based on Bisulfite Induced Aggregation Self-Assembly. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082378. [PMID: 35458575 PMCID: PMC9033099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In comparison with the numerous studies that have centered on developing molecular frameworks for the functionalization of fluorescent materials, less research has addressed the influence of the side chains, despite such appendages contributing significantly to the properties and applications of fluorescent materials. In this work, a new series of cationic fluorescent probes with AIE characteristics have been developed, which exhibit unique sensitivity for charge-diffusion anions, namely HSO3−, via the interactions of ions and the cooperation of the controllable hydrophobicity. The impact of the alkyl chain length attached at the cationic probes suggested that the fluorescent intensity and sensitivity of the probes could be partially enhanced by adjusting their aggregation tendency through the action of the hydrophobic effect under aqueous conditions. DLS and SEM images indicated that different particle sizes and new morphologies of the probes were formed in the anion-recognition-triggered self-assembly process, which could be attributed to the composite effect of electrostatic actions, Van der Waals forces and π-π stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
| | - Shao-Yuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Xuan-Ting Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
| | - Ling-Yi Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
| | - Qi-Long Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.Z.); (X.-L.N.); (Z.-Y.W.)
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.Z.); (X.-L.N.); (Z.-Y.W.)
| | - Hong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (X.Z.); (X.-T.C.); (L.-Y.S.); (H.X.)
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.Z.); (X.-L.N.); (Z.-Y.W.)
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK;
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Marandi P, Tyagi N, P Neelakandan P. Aggregation‐Induced Emission, Mechanofluorochromism, and Selective Fluoride Detection by a Tripodal Salicylaldimine. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202100555. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parvati Marandi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Energy and Environment Unit INDIA
| | - Nidhi Tyagi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Energy and Environment Unit INDIA
| | - Prakash P Neelakandan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Energy and Environment Unit Sector 81Knowledge City 140306 Mohali INDIA
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Bhalla P, Tomer N, Bhagat P, Malhotra R. Chromone functionalized pyridine chemosensor for cupric ions detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120279. [PMID: 34438118 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new Schiff base 2-ethoxy-3-{[(6-{[(2-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]amino}pyridine-2-yl)imino]methyl}-2H-chromen-4-ol (CD) was synthesized as a result of the condensation of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 3-formyl chromone in 1:2 M ratio and used for cupric ions detection and characterized through FTIR, HRMS and 1H NMR spectral techniques. The sensing capability of Schiff base for cupric ions as compared to other transition metal ions was examined by absorbance and emission studies. A considerable decrease in emission intensity appeared in Schiff base in the case of cupric ions while irrelevant changes were examined for the rest of the ions. The binding stoichiometry was obtained as 1:2 for CD: Cu2+ complex intended from the job's plot which was confirmed through HRMS spectral technique. DFT calculations were carried for the confirmation of structural relationships and absorption-emission data. The Regression coefficient, Limit of detection, and Association constant were obtained as 98.7%, 1.2 × 10-6 M, and 3.26 × 104 M-1 respectively using Benesi-Hildebrand (B-H) equation. The sensing power of Schiff base CD to recognize cupric ions was unaltered by the addition of the rest of metal ions, which was authenticated through interference studies. Schiff base CD and its complex with cupric ions were found stable over an extensive time period as revealed by time-reliant studies. The data collected by pH studies revealed that the preferred pH range for detecting cupric ions by Schiff base CD was 6 to 11. The Schiff base was finally utilized for sensing cupric ions in a variety of spiked samples of water like canal water, tap water, groundwater, distilled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Nisha Tomer
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Pooja Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry, AND College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India
| | - Rajesh Malhotra
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India.
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A new Schiff base ligand as a fluorescence probe for Cu(II) detection in semi-aqueous solution: synthesis, characterization, fluorescence and mechanistic insight. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Heterocyclic Schiff Bases of 3-Aminobenzanthrone and Their Reduced Analogues: Synthesis, Properties and Spectroscopy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092570. [PMID: 33924984 PMCID: PMC8125169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New substituted azomethines of benzanthrone with heterocyclic substituents were synthesized by condensation reaction of 3-aminobenzo[de]anthracen-7-one with appropriate aromatic aldehydes. The resulting imines were reduced with sodium borohydride to the corresponding amines, the luminescence of which is more pronounced in comparison with the initial azomethines. The novel benzanthrone derivatives were characterized by NMR, IR, MS, UV/Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The structure of three dyes was studied by the X-ray single crystal structure analysis. The solvent effect on photophysical behaviors of synthesized imines and amines was investigated. The obtained compounds absorb at 420–525 nm, have relatively large Stokes shifts (up to 150 nm in ethanol), and emit at 500–660 nm. The results testify that emission of the studied compounds is sensitive to the solvent polarity, exhibiting negative fluorosolvatochromism for the synthesized azomethines and positive fluorosolvatochromism for the obtained amines. The results obtained indicate that the synthesized compounds are promising as luminescent dyes.
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Xochicale-Santana L, López-Espejel M, Jiménez-Pérez VM, Lara-Cerón J, Gómez-Treviño A, Waksman N, Dias HVR, Muñoz-Flores BM. Green synthesis of fluorescent Schiff bases: chemo-photophysical characterization, X-ray structures, and their bioimaging. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02875h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two Schiff bases have been prepared by mechano- and ultrasound-assisted synthesis and their structures were elucidated by X-ray diffraction. One of them showed good fluorescent cell staining in vitro and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Xochicale-Santana
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Margarita López-Espejel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Víctor M. Jiménez-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jesús Lara-Cerón
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Alberto Gómez-Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Noemí Waksman
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Av. Dr Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico
| | - H. V. Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, USA
| | - Blanca M. Muñoz-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Pedro de Alba s/n, C. P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
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