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van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, Knapen D. Effects of Metabolic Disruption on Lipid Metabolism and Yolk Retention in Zebrafish Embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38860666 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
A subgroup of endocrine-disrupting chemicals have the ability to disrupt metabolism. These metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) can end up in aquatic environments and lead to adverse outcomes in fish. Although molecular and physiological effects of MDCs have been studied in adult fish, few studies have investigated the consequences of metabolic disruption in fish during the earliest life stages. To investigate the processes affected by metabolic disruption, zebrafish embryos were exposed to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone, the PPARγ antagonist T0070907, and the well-known environmentally relevant MDC bisphenol A. Decreased apolipoprotein Ea transcript levels indicated disrupted lipid transport, which was likely related to the observed dose-dependent increases in yolk size across all compounds. Increased yolk size and decreased swimming activity indicate decreased energy usage, which could lead to adverse outcomes because the availability of energy reserves is essential for embryo survival and growth. Exposure to T0070907 resulted in a darkened yolk. This was likely related to reduced transcript levels of genes involved in lipid transport and fatty acid oxidation, a combination of responses that was specific to exposure to this compound, possibly leading to lipid accumulation and cell death in the yolk. Paraoxonase 1 (Pon1) transcript levels were increased by rosiglitazone and T0070907, but this was not reflected in PON1 enzyme activities. The present study shows how exposure to MDCs can influence biochemical and molecular processes involved in early lipid metabolism and may lead to adverse outcomes in the earliest life stages of fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-14. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Shin GC, Lee HM, Kim N, Hur J, Yoo SK, Park YS, Park HS, Ryu D, Park MH, Park JH, Seo SU, Choi LS, Madsen MR, Feigh M, Kim KP, Kim KH. Paraoxonase-2 agonist vutiglabridin promotes autophagy activation and mitochondrial function to alleviate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38852992 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Only limited therapeutic agents have been developed for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Glabridin, a promising anti-obesity candidate, has only limited druggability due to its low in vivo chemical stability and bioavailability. Therefore, we developed vutiglabridin (VUTI), which is based on a glabridin backbone, and investigated its mechanism of action in treating NASH in animal models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Anti-NASH effects of VUTI were determined in in vitro fatty liver models, spheroids of primary human hepatocytes and L02 normal liver cell lines. To identify VUTI possible cellular target/s, biotin-labelled VUTI was synthesized and underwent chemical proteomic analysis. Further, the evaluation of VUTI therapeutic efficacy was carried out using an amylin-NASH and high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse models. This was carried out using transcriptomic, lipidomic and proteomic analyses of the livers from the amylin-NASH mouse model. KEY RESULTS VUTI treatment markedly reduces hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation by promoting lipid catabolism, activating autophagy and improving mitochondrial dysfunction, all of which are hallmarks of effective NASH treatment. The cellular target of VUTI was identified as paraoxonase 2 (PON2), a newly proposed protein target for the treatment of NASH, VUTI enhanced PON2 activity. The results using PON2 knockdown cells demonstrated that PON2 is important for VUTI- activation of autophagy, promoting mitochondrial function, decreasing oxidative stress and alleviating lipid accumulation under lipotoxic condition. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our data demonstrated that VUTI is a promising therapeutic for NASH. Targeting PON2 may be important for improving liver function in various immune-metabolic diseases including NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu-Choul Shin
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Glaceum Inc., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Hur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental & Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Seo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Ji L, Zhang L, Zhao L, Guo Y, Wei H, Lu L. Bacillus subtilis improves antioxidant capacity and optimizes inflammatory state in broilers. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:1041-1052. [PMID: 38419535 PMCID: PMC11065946 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacillus subtilis, a kind of probiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial function, was commonly used in livestock and poultry production. Recent research suggested that Bacillus subtilis may have antioxidant properties and improve immune response. This study aimed to verify the probiotic function of Bacillus subtilis in the production of broiler chickens. METHODS A total of 324 (1-day-old) Arbor Acres broilers were selected and randomly divided into three groups: basal diet group (Ctr Group), basal diet + antibiotic growth promoter group (Ctr + AGP) and basal diet + 0.5% Bacillus subtilis preparation group (Ctr + Bac). The experiment lasted for 42 days. Muscle, serum and liver samples were collected at 42 days for determination. RESULTS The results showed that Bacillus subtilis could decrease malondialdehyde content in the serum and liver (p<0.05) and increase superoxide dismutase 1 mRNA expression (p<0.01) and total superoxide dismutase (p<0.05) in the liver. In addition, compared with AGP supplementation, Bacillus subtilis supplementation increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β level in the serum (p<0.05). At 45 minutes after slaughter Ctr + Bac presented a higher a* value of breast muscle than Ctr Group (p<0.05), while significant change in leg muscle was not identified. Moreover, there was no difference in weight, shear force, cooking loss and drip loss of breast and leg muscle between treatments. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that Bacillus subtilis in diet can enhance antioxidant capacity and optimize immune response of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193,
China
| | - Junyan Zhou
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
| | - Linbao Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193,
China
| | - Lian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193,
China
| | - Liying Zhao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
| | - Yubing Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
| | - Haitao Wei
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
| | - Lin Lu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206,
China
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Zhang S, Ren X, Zhang B, Lan T, Liu B. A Systematic Review of Statins for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Safety, Efficacy, and Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2024; 29:1859. [PMID: 38675679 PMCID: PMC11052408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver component of a cluster of conditions, while its subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), emerges as a potentially progressive liver disorder that harbors the risk of evolving into cirrhosis and culminating in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have common risk factors, but compared to liver-related causes, the most common cause of death in NASH patients is CVD. Within the pharmacological armamentarium, statins, celebrated for their lipid-modulating prowess, have now garnered attention for their expansive therapeutic potential in NASH. Evidence from a plethora of studies suggests that statins not only manifest anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties but also impart a multifaceted beneficial impact on hepatic health. In this review, we used "statin", "NAFLD", "NASH", and "CVD" as the major keywords and conducted a literature search using the PubMed and Web of Science databases to determine the safety and efficacy of statins in patients and animals with NASH and NAFLD, and the mechanism of statin therapy for NASH. Simultaneously, we reviewed the important role of the intestinal microbiota in statin therapy for NASH, as it is hoped that statins will provide new insights into modulating the harmful inflammatory microbiota in the gut and reducing systemic inflammation in NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.Z.); (X.R.); (B.Z.)
| | - Xiaoling Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.Z.); (X.R.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bingzheng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.Z.); (X.R.); (B.Z.)
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.Z.); (X.R.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.Z.); (X.R.); (B.Z.)
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Sirca TB, Mureșan ME, Pallag A, Marian E, Jurca T, Vicaș LG, Tunduc IP, Manole F, Ștefan L. The Role of Polyphenols in Modulating PON1 Activity Regarding Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2962. [PMID: 38474211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases are still rising. The principal mechanism that drives them is atherosclerosis, an affection given by dyslipidemia and a pro-inflammatory state. Paraoxonase enzymes have a protective role due to their ability to contribute to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, especially paraoxonase 1 (PON1). PON1 binds with HDL (high-density lipoprotein), and high serum levels lead to a protective state against dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and many others. Modulating PON1 expression might be a treatment objective with significant results in limiting the prevalence of atherosclerosis. Lifestyle including diet and exercise can raise its levels, and some beneficial plants have been found to influence PON1 levels; therefore, more studies on herbal components are needed. Our purpose is to highlight the principal roles of Praoxonase 1, its implications in dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and other diseases, and to emphasize plants that can modulate PON1 expression, targeting the potential of some flavonoids that could be introduced as supplements in our diet and to validate the hypothesis that flavonoids have any effects regarding PON1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Bianca Sirca
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, No. 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mariana Eugenia Mureșan
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, No. 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Tunde Jurca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Laura Grațiela Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana Paula Tunduc
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Bihor, Gheorghe Doja Street 65-67, 410169 Oradea, Romania
| | - Felicia Manole
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Liana Ștefan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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Zamanian MY, Sadeghi Ivraghi M, Khachatryan LG, Vadiyan DE, Bali HY, Golmohammadi M. A review of experimental and clinical studies on the therapeutic effects of pomegranate ( Punica granatum) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Focus on oxidative stress and inflammation. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7485-7503. [PMID: 38107091 PMCID: PMC10724645 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently linked to metabolic disorders and is prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. The pathophysiology of NAFLD involves multiple factors, including insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and genetic predisposition. Recently, there has been an emphasis on the use of herbal remedies with many people around the world resorting to phytonutrients or nutraceuticals for treatment of numerous health challenges in various national healthcare settings. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) parts, such as juice, peel, seed and flower, have high polyphenol content and is well known for its antioxidant capabilities. Pomegranate polyphenols, such as hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids, have high antioxidant capabilities that can help lower the OS and inflammation associated with NAFLD. The study aimed to investigate whether pomegranate parts could attenuate OS, inflammation, and other risk factors associated with NAFLD, and ultimately prevent the development of the disease. The findings of this study revealed that: 1. pomegranate juice contains hypoglycemic qualities that can assist manage blood sugar levels, which is vital for avoiding and treating NAFLD. 2. Polyphenols from pomegranate flowers increase paraoxonase 1 (PON1) mRNA and protein levels in the liver, which can help protect liver enzymes and prevent NAFLD. 3. Punicalagin (PU) is one of the major ellagitannins found in pomegranate, and PU-enriched pomegranate extract (PE) has been shown to inhibit HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid deposition in rats. 4. Pomegranate fruit consumption, which is high in antioxidants, can decrease the activity of AST and ALT (markers of liver damage), lower TNF-α (a marker of inflammation), and improve overall antioxidant capacity in NAFLD patients. Overall, the polyphenols in pomegranate extracts have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and protective effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yassin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of PharmacyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | | | - Lusine G. Khachatryan
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, N.F. Filatov Clinical Institute of Children's HealthI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Diana E. Vadiyan
- Institute of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and OrthodonticsI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
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van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, Koedijk N, da Silva KM, Covaci A, Knapen D. Combined western diet and bisphenol A exposure induces an oxidative stress-based paraoxonase 1 response in larval zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 274:109758. [PMID: 37757927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme linked to metabolic disorders by genome-wide association studies in humans. Exposure to metabolic disrupting chemicals (MDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA), together with genetic and dietary factors, can increase the risk of metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate how PON1 responds to the metabolic changes and oxidative stress caused by a western diet, and whether exposure to BPA alters the metabolic and PON1 responses. Zebrafish larvae at 14 days post fertilization were fed a custom-made western diet with and without aquatic exposure to two concentrations of BPA for 5 days. A combination of western diet and 150 μg/L BPA exposure resulted in a stepwise increase in weight, length and oxidative stress, suggesting that BPA amplifies the western diet-induced metabolic shift. PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in all western diet and BPA exposure groups and PON1 lactonase activity was increased when western diet was combined with exposure to 1800 μg/L BPA. Both PON1 activities were positively correlated to oxidative stress. Based on our observations we hypothesize that a western diet caused a shift towards fatty acid-based metabolism, which was increased by BPA exposure. This shift resulted in increased oxidative stress, which in turn was associated with a PON1 activity increase as an antioxidant response. This is the first exploration of PON1 responses to metabolic challenges in zebrafish, and the first study of PON1 in the context of MDC exposure in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Noortje Koedijk
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Kunachowicz D, Ściskalska M, Kepinska M. Modulatory Effect of Lifestyle-Related, Environmental and Genetic Factors on Paraoxonase-1 Activity: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2813. [PMID: 36833509 PMCID: PMC9957543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a calcium-dependent, HDL-bound serum hydrolase active toward a wide variety of substrates. PON1 displays three types of activities, among which lactonase, paraoxonase, arylesterase and phosphotriesterase can be distinguished. Not only is this enzyme a major organophosphate compound detoxifier, but it is also an important constituent of the cellular antioxidant system and has anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic functions. The concentration and activity of PON1 is highly variable among individuals, and these differences can be both of genetic origin and be a subject of epigenetic regulation. Owing to the fact that, in recent decades, the exposure of humans to an increasing number of different xenobiotics has been continuously rising, the issues concerning the role and activity of PON1 shall be reconsidered with particular attention to growing pharmaceuticals intake, dietary habits and environmental awareness. In the following manuscript, the current state of knowledge concerning the influence of certain modifiable and unmodifiable factors, including smoking, alcohol intake, gender, age and genotype variation on PON1 activity, along with pathways through which these could interfere with the enzyme's protective functions, is presented and discussed. Since exposure to certain xenobiotics plays a key role in PON1 activity, the influence of organophosphates, heavy metals and several pharmaceutical agents is also specified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Division of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland
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Watanabe J, Kotani K, Gugliucci A. Paraoxonase 1 and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031199. [PMID: 36769846 PMCID: PMC9917420 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to be associated with the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that has been proposed as a biomarker for CKD. While several studies have reported an association between serum PON1 activity and CKD, consensus based on systematically analyzed data remains necessary. We set out to conduct a meta-analysis of literature on PON1 in CKD. Electronic databases, such as MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL, were searched for available studies on PON1 activity in patients with CKD (without dialysis) as published before December 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. In total, 24 studies (22 studies on paraoxonase and 11 on arylesterase activity) were eligibly identified. Patients with CKD showed a lower activity of paraoxonase (standard mean difference [SMD], -1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.15 to -1.29) and arylesterase (SMD, -2.60; 95%CI, -3.96 to -1.24) than healthy controls. In the subgroup analyses, paraoxonase activity was lower in chronic kidney failure (CKF), an advanced stage of CKD, than in non-CKF. In summary, PON1 activity is low in patients with CKD, suggesting that the antioxidant defense by PON1 is impaired in CKD. The decrease in enzyme activity is pronounced in advanced CKD showing some variability depending on the substrate employed to measure PON1 activity. Further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City 329-0498, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81285-58-7394; Fax: +81285-44-0628
| | - Alejandro Gugliucci
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Touro University-California, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA
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Yamano T, Kotani K, Kitano N, Morimoto J, Emori H, Takahata M, Fujita S, Wada T, Ota S, Satogami K, Kashiwagi M, Shiono Y, Kuroi A, Tanimoto T, Tanaka A. Telecardiology in Rural Practice: Global Trends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074335. [PMID: 35410012 PMCID: PMC8998494 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The management of cardiovascular diseases in rural areas is plagued by the limited access of rural residents to medical facilities and specialists. The development of telecardiology using information and communication technology may overcome such limitation. To shed light on the global trend of telecardiology, we summarized the available literature on rural telecardiology. Using PubMed databases, we conducted a literature review of articles published from January 2010 to December 2020. The contents and focus of each paper were then classified. Our search yielded nineteen original papers from various countries: nine in Asia, seven in Europe, two in North America, and one in Africa. The papers were divided into classified fields as follows: seven in tele-consultation, four in the telemedical system, four in the monitoring system, two in prehospital triage, and two in tele-training. Six of the seven tele-consultation papers reported the consultation from rural doctors to urban specialists. More reports of tele-consultations might be a characteristic of telecardiology specific to rural practice. Further work is necessary to clarify the improvement of cardiovascular outcomes for rural residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Naomi Kitano
- Health Administration Center, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan;
| | - Junko Morimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Hiroki Emori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Masahiro Takahata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Suwako Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Teruaki Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Shingo Ota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Keisuke Satogami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Manabu Kashiwagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Yasutsugu Shiono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Akio Kuroi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Takashi Tanimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan; (J.M.); (H.E.); (M.T.); (S.F.); (T.W.); (S.O.); (K.S.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (A.K.); (T.T.); (A.T.)
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11
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Medina-Díaz IM, Ponce-Ruíz N, Rojas-García AE, Zambrano-Zargoza JF, Bernal-Hernández YY, González-Arias CA, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Herrera-Moreno JF. The Relationship between Cancer and Paraoxonase 1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040697. [PMID: 35453382 PMCID: PMC9028432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been carried out to understand and elucidate the mechanisms of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in the development of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between PON1 and cancer. The data suggest that PON1, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cancer are closely linked. Certainly, the gene expression of PON1 will remain challenging to study. Therefore, targeting PON1, redox-sensitive pathways, and transcription factors promise prevention and therapy in the development of several diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Néstor Ponce-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | | | - Yael Y. Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Cyndia Azucena González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Briscia S. Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
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