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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Pan Z, Wang B, Yang L, Zhang N, Chen B, Wang X, Jian Z, Wang L, Ling H, Qin X, Zhang Z, Liu T, Zheng A, Tan Y, Bi Y, Yang R. Toxicity assessment of Cucurbita pepo cv Dayangua and its effects on gut microbiota in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:243. [PMID: 38909225 PMCID: PMC11193904 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucurbita pepo cv Dayangua (CPD) is an edible plant with diverse pharmacological properties. The current research on CPD has primarily focused on initial investigations of its chemical composition and pharmacological effects, and no comprehensive toxicity assessment has been conducted to date. METHODS In the present study, the toxicity of CPD was evaluated through both acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity tests in mice. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the composition of the gut microbiota of mice at different time points to observe the effect of CPD on these microbial communities. RESULTS In the acute toxicity test, CPD exhibited low toxicity, with a median lethal dose (LD50) > 2000 mg/kg. The sub-chronic toxicity test indicated that CPD administration at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg did not cause mortality or significant organ damage in mice. Furthermore, analysis of the gut microbiota after gavage administration of CPD at 400 and 600 mg/kg revealed an improved abundance of some beneficial gut bacteria. CONCLUSIONS In summary, no acute or sub-chronic toxic effects were observed in mice following the oral administration of CPD. CPD did not affect the structure and diversity of the gut microbiota and may contribute to an increase in the number of beneficial gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yazhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Bikun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Biodi Bio-Pharma Technology Company Lmt., No. 178, Yuexiujie, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Baiyi Chen
- Heilongjiang Biodi Bio-Pharma Technology Company Lmt., No. 178, Yuexiujie, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Heilongjiang Biodi Bio-Pharma Technology Company Lmt., No. 178, Yuexiujie, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhiguang Jian
- Heilongjiang Biodi Bio-Pharma Technology Company Lmt., No. 178, Yuexiujie, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Likun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hui Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaoming Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhelin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Teng Liu
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Ruifu Yang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Wu L, Guo X, Gao Y, Yu W, Qin W, Kuang H, Su Y. Untargeted metabolomics reveals intervention effects of wine-processed Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide on Alzheimer's disease mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:130804. [PMID: 38565361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC) is a traditional sedative in China, with wide applications for treating various neurological disorders. Its polysaccharide component has been gaining increased attention for its potential in nerve protection. While raw SC is the primary focus of current research, its processed products are primarily utilized as clinical medicines. Notably, limited research exists on the mechanisms underlying the effects of wine-processed Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide (WSCP) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Therefore, this study seeks to assess the therapeutic impact of WSCP on AD mice and investigate the underlying mechanisms through biochemical and metabolomics analyses. The results demonstrate that WSCP exerts significant therapeutic effects on AD mice by enhancing learning and memory abilities, mitigating hippocampal neuronal damage, reducing abnormal amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, and attenuating hyperphosphorylation of Tau. Biochemical analysis revealed that WSCP can increase SOD content and decrease MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α content in AD mice. Furthermore, serum metabolomic results showed that WSCP intervention can reverse metabolic disorders in AD mice. 43 endogenous metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers for WSCP treatment of AD, and the major metabolic pathways were Ala, Glu and Asp metabolism, TCA cycle. Overall, these findings will provide a basis for further development of WSCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Xingyu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Wenting Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Wen Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yang Su
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
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3
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Ning N, Nan Y, Chen G, Huang S, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. Anti-Tumor Effects and Toxicity Reduction Mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2024; 29:1843. [PMID: 38675663 PMCID: PMC11052495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and systematically describe the mechanism of action of Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) against digestive system tumors and related toxicity reduction. METHODS This study briefly describes the history of medicinal food and the pharmacological effects of P. vulgaris, focusing on the review of the anti-digestive tumor effects of the active ingredients of P. vulgaris and the mechanism of its toxicity reduction. RESULTS The active ingredients of P. vulgaris may exert anti-tumor effects by inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting angiogenesis, inhibiting the migration and invasion of tumor cells, and inhibiting autophagy. In addition, P. vulgaris active ingredients inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and macrophages and increase the level of indicators of oxidative stress through the modulation of target genes in the pathway to achieve the effect of toxicity reduction. CONCLUSION The active ingredients in the medicine food homology plant P. vulgaris not only treat digestive system tumors through different mechanisms but also reduce the toxic effects. P. vulgaris is worthy of being explored more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Yating Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
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Yuandani, Jantan I, Haque MA, Rohani AS, Nugraha SE, Salim E, Septama AW, Juwita NA, Khairunnisa NA, Nasution HR, Utami DS, Ibrahim S. Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1222195. [PMID: 37533631 PMCID: PMC10391552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Centre of Excellence for Chitosan and Advanced Materials, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md. Areeful Haque
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ade Sri Rohani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sony Eka Nugraha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nur Aira Juwita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Dinda Sari Utami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Cheng-yuan W, Jian-gang D. Research progress on the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia by medicinal and edible plants and its bioactive components. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186161. [PMID: 37377486 PMCID: PMC10291132 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is another common metabolic disease, which is considered to be closely related to the development of many chronic diseases, in addition to the "three highs." Currently, although drugs show positive therapeutic effects, they have been shown to produce side effects that can damage the body. There is growing evidence that medicinal and edible plants and their bioactive components have a significant effect on hyperuricemia. In this paper, we review common medicinal and edible plants with uric acid-lowering effects and summarize the uric acid-lowering mechanisms of different bioactive components. Specifically, the bioactive components are divided into five categories: flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and saponins. These active substances exhibit positive uric acid-lowering effects by inhibiting uric acid production, promoting uric acid excretion, and improving inflammation. Overall, this review examines the potential role of medicinal and edible plants and their bioactive components as a means of combating hyperuricemia, with the hope of providing some reference value for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Ververis A, Ioannou K, Kyriakou S, Violaki N, Panayiotidis MI, Plioukas M, Christodoulou K. Sideritis scardica Extracts Demonstrate Neuroprotective Activity against Aβ 25-35 Toxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1716. [PMID: 37111938 PMCID: PMC10142657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative condition, primarily affecting seniors. Despite the significant time and money spent over the past few decades, no therapy has been developed yet. In recent years, the research has focused on ameliorating the cytotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates and the increased elevated oxidative stress, two interconnected main AD hallmarks. Medicinal plants constitute a large pool for identifying bioactive compounds or mixtures with a therapeutic effect. Sideritis scardica (SS) has been previously characterized as neuroprotective toward AD. We investigated this ability of SS by generating eight distinct solvent fractions, which were chemically characterized and assessed for their antioxidant and neuroprotective potential. The majority of the fractions were rich in phenolics and flavonoids, and all except one showed significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, four SS extracts partly rescued the viability in Aβ25-35-treated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, with the initial aqueous extract being the most potent and demonstrating similar activity in retinoic-acid-differentiated cells as well. These extracts were rich in neuroprotective substances, such as apigenin, myricetin-3-galactoside, and ellagic acid. Our findings indicate that specific SS mixtures can benefit the pharmaceutical industry to develop herbal drugs and functional food products that may alleviate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Ververis
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Kristia Ioannou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Niki Violaki
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Michael Plioukas
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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Palimariciuc M, Balmus IM, Gireadă B, Ciobica A, Chiriță R, Iordache AC, Apostu M, Dobrin RP. The Quest for Neurodegenerative Disease Treatment-Focusing on Alzheimer's Disease Personalised Diets. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1519-1535. [PMID: 36826043 PMCID: PMC9955192 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia represents a clinical syndrome characterised by progressive decline in memory, language, visuospatial and executive function, personality, and behaviour, causing loss of abilities to perform instrumental or essential activities of daily living. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which accounts for up to 80% of all dementia cases. Despite that extensive studies regarding the etiology and risk factors have been performed in recent decades, and how the current knowledge about AD pathophysiology significantly improved with the recent advances in science and technology, little is still known about its treatment options. In this controverted context, a nutritional approach could be a promising way to formulate improved AD management strategies and to further analyse possible treatment strategy options based on personalised diets, as Nutritional Psychiatry is currently gaining relevance in neuropsychiatric disease treatment. Based on the current knowledge of AD pathophysiology, as well as based on the repeatedly documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of different functional foods, we aimed to find, describe, and correlate several dietary compounds that could be useful in formulating a nutritional approach in AD management. We performed a screening for relevant studies on the main scientific databases using keywords such as "Alzheimer's disease", "dementia", "treatment", "medication", "treatment alternatives", "vitamin E", "nutrition", "selenium", "Ginkgo biloba", "antioxidants", "medicinal plants", and "traditional medicine" in combinations. Results: nutrients could be a key component in the physiologic and anatomic development of the brain. Several nutrients have been studied in the pursuit of the mechanism triggered by the pathology of AD: vitamin D, fatty acids, selenium, as well as neuroprotective plant extracts (i.e., Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng, Curcuma longa), suggesting that the nutritional patterns could modulate the cognitive status and provide neuroprotection. The multifactorial origin of AD development and progression could suggest that nutrition could greatly contribute to the complex pathological picture. The identification of adequate nutritional interventions and the not yet fully understood nutrient activity in AD could be the next steps in finding several innovative treatment options for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matei Palimariciuc
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Alexandru Lapusneanu Street, No. 26, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Gireadă
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, B dul Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei nr. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, B dul Carol I, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Roxana Chiriță
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin-Constantin Iordache
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Strada, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Apostu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Romeo Petru Dobrin
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
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Zhang M, Lei J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu D. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Benincasae Exocarpium: A review. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023; 15:15-26. [PMID: 36875430 PMCID: PMC9975641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benincasae Exocarpium (BE, Dongguapi in Chinese), as the dried outer pericarp of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) in Cucurbitaceae family, is one of traditional Chinese medicines with the same origin as medicine and food. Up to now, 43 compounds were isolated from BE, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, soluble fiber and carbohydrates. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice showed that BE has diuretic, hypolipidemic effects, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and other effects. The folk uses, functional factors, pharmacological activities, patents and clinical applications of BE were reviewed in this paper. In addition, the paper also discussed the current problems for the further studies. The information summarized in this paper provides valuable clues for the comprehensive utilization of medicine and food resources and gives a scientific basis for the development of medicinal plants of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jialong Lei
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yansheng Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Dailin Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
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Bakrim S, Aboulaghras S, El Menyiy N, El Omari N, Assaggaf H, Lee LH, Montesano D, Gallo M, Zengin G, AlDhaheri Y, Bouyahya A. Phytochemical Compounds and Nanoparticles as Phytochemical Delivery Systems for Alzheimer's Disease Management. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249043. [PMID: 36558176 PMCID: PMC9781052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease remains one of the most widespread neurodegenerative reasons for dementia worldwide and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Therefore, it has been considered a priority for research. Indeed, several risk factors are involved in the complexity of the therapeutic ways of this pathology, including age, traumatic brain injury, genetics, exposure to aluminum, infections, diabetes, vascular diseases, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is mostly associated with hyperphosphorylated protein in the neuronal cytoplasm and extracellular plaques of the insoluble β-amyloid peptide. Therefore, the management of this pathology needs the screening of drugs targeting different pathological levels, such as acetylcholinesterase (AchE), amyloid β formation, and lipoxygenase inhibitors. Among the pharmacological strategies used for the management of Alzheimer's disease, natural drugs are considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Indeed, bioactive compounds isolated from different natural sources exhibit important anti-Alzheimer effects by their effectiveness in promoting neuroplasticity and protecting against neurodegeneration as well as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. These effects involve different sub-cellular, cellular, and/or molecular mechanisms, such as the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), the modulation of signaling pathways, and the inhibition of oxidative stress. Moreover, some nanoparticles were recently used as phytochemical delivery systems to improve the effects of phytochemical compounds against Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the present work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key advances concerning nano-drug delivery applications of phytochemicals for Alzheimer's disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Sara Aboulaghras
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Yusra AlDhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.A.); (A.B.)
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Long Y, Li D, Yu S, Shi A, Deng J, Wen J, Li XQ, Ma Y, Zhang YL, Liu SY, Wan JY, Li N, Yang M, Han L. Medicine-food herb: Angelica sinensis, a potential therapeutic hope for Alzheimer's disease and related complications. Food Funct 2022; 13:8783-8803. [PMID: 35983893 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01287a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which has brought a huge burden to the world. The current therapeutic approach of one-molecule-one-target strategy fails to address the issues of AD because of multiple pathological features of AD. Traditionally, the herb of Angelica sinensis (AS) comes from the root of an umbrella plant Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. As a typical medicine-food herb, studies have shown that AS can alleviate AD and AD-complications by multiple targets through the various foundations of pharmaceutical material and dietary supply basis. Therefore, this review summarizes the pharmacological effects of AS for the treatment of AD and AD-complications for the first time. AS contains many effective components, such as ligustilide, z-ligustilide, n-butylidenephthalide, α-pinene, p-cymene, myrcene, ferulic acid, vanillic acid and coniferyl ferulate. It is found that AS, AS-active compounds and AS-compound recipes mainly treat AD through neuroprotective, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant effects, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, anti-neuronal apoptosis, regulating autophagy, regulating intestinal flora and enhancing the central cholinergic system, which shows the multi-component and multi-target effect of AS. The role of dietary supplement components in AS for AD intervention is summarized, including vitamin B12, folic acid, arginine, and oleic acid, which can improve the symptoms of AD. Besides, this review focuses on the safety and toxicity evaluation of AS, which provides a basis for its application. This review will provide further support for the research on AD and the application of medicine-food herb AS in a healthy lifestyle in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jin-Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Mi Y, Hu W, Li W, Wan S, Xu X, Liu M, Wang H, Mei Q, Chen Q, Yang Y, Chen B, Jiang M, Li X, Yang W, Guo D. Systematic Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Wenxin Granule via Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Triple Quadrupole–Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113647. [PMID: 35684583 PMCID: PMC9181919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wenxin granule (WXG) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for the treatment of arrhythmia disease. Potent analytical technologies are needed to elucidate its chemical composition and assess the quality differences among multibatch samples. In this work, both a multicomponent characterization and quantitative assay of WXG were conducted using two liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approaches. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) approach combined with intelligent peak annotation workflows was developed to characterize the multicomponents of WXG. A hybrid scan approach enabling alternative data-independent and data-dependent acquisitions was established. We characterized 205 components, including 92 ginsenosides, 53 steroidal saponins, 14 alkaloids, and 46 others. Moreover, an optimized scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (sMRM) method was elaborated, targeting 24 compounds of WXG via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTrap-MS), which was validated based on its selectivity, precision, stability, repeatability, linearity, sensitivity, recovery, and matrix effect. By applying this method to 27 batches of WXG samples, the content variations of multiple markers from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma (21) and Codonopsis Radix (3) were depicted. Conclusively, we achieved the comprehensive multicomponent characterization and holistic quality assessment of WXG by targeting the non-volatile components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Wandi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Shiyu Wan
- Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen 518101, China; (S.W.); (Q.M.); (Q.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Meiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Quanxi Mei
- Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen 518101, China; (S.W.); (Q.M.); (Q.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen 518101, China; (S.W.); (Q.M.); (Q.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen 518101, China; (S.W.); (Q.M.); (Q.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Boxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Meiting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-022-5979-1833
| | - Dean Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; (Y.M.); (W.H.); (W.L.); (X.X.); (M.L.); (H.W.); (B.C.); (M.J.); (X.L.); (D.G.)
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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