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Akhmetova VR, Akhmadiev NS, Gubaidullin AT, Samigullina AI, Glazyrin AB, Sadykov RA, Ishmetova DV, Vakhitova YV. Novel binuclear copper(II) complexes with sulfanylpyrazole ligands: synthesis, crystal structure, fungicidal, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activity. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae024. [PMID: 38802123 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
New binuclear copper(II) [Cu(II)] tetraligand complexes (six examples) with sulfanylpyrazole ligands were synthesized. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies have shown that in solution the complexes are transformed to the mononuclear one. Fungicidal properties against Candida albicans were found for the Cu complexes with benzyl and phenyl substituents. An in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic properties of Cu chelates against HEK293, Jurkat, MCF-7, and THP-1 cells identified the Cu complex with the cyclohexylsulfanyl substituent in the pyrazole core as the lead compound, whereas the Cu complex without a sulfur atom in the pyrazole ligand had virtually no cytotoxic or fungicidal activity. The lead Cu(II) complex was more active than cisplatin. Effect of the S-containing Cu complex on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution has been investigated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vnira R Akhmetova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 141, Ufa 450075, Russia
| | - Nail S Akhmadiev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 141, Ufa 450075, Russia
| | - Aidar T Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Aida I Samigullina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Andrey B Glazyrin
- Ufa University of Science and Technology, Mingazheva str. 100, Ufa 450078, Russia
| | - Rais A Sadykov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 71, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - Diana V Ishmetova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 71, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - Yulia V Vakhitova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 71, Ufa 450054, Russia
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2
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Ramírez-Contreras D, Vázquez-Rodríguez S, García-García A, Noriega L, Mendoza A, Sánchez-Gaytán BL, Meléndez FJ, Castro ME, Cárdenas-García M, González-Vergara E. L-Citrullinato-Bipyridine and L-Citrullinato-Phenanthroline Mixed Copper Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Potential Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:747. [PMID: 38931869 PMCID: PMC11207372 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrulline (C6H13N3O3) is an amino acid found in the body as a zwitterion. This means its carboxylic and amine groups can act as Lewis donors to chelate metal cations. In addition, citrulline possesses a terminal ureido group on its aliphatic chain, which also appears to coordinate. Here, two new mixed complexes of citrulline were made with 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine. These compounds, once dissolved in water, gave aquo-complexes that were subject to DFT studies and in vitro toxicity studies on cancer cell lines (HeLa, MDA-MB-231, HCT 15, and MCF7) showed promising results. Docking studies with DNA were also conducted, indicating potential anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ramírez-Contreras
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Sergio Vázquez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Amalia García-García
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18003 Granada, Spain
| | - Lisset Noriega
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, Mérida 97310, Mexico;
| | - Angel Mendoza
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Brenda L. Sánchez-Gaytán
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Meléndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico;
| | - María Eugenia Castro
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Maura Cárdenas-García
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 sur 2702, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Enrique González-Vergara
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.R.-C.); (S.V.-R.); (A.G.-G.); (A.M.); (B.L.S.-G.); (M.E.C.)
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3
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Ni K, Montesdeoca N, Karges J. Highly cytotoxic Cu(II) terpyridine complexes as chemotherapeutic agents. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8223-8228. [PMID: 38652088 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as the biggest medicinal challenge worldwide. During a typical treatment, the tumorous tissue is removed in a surgical procedure and the patient further treated by chemotherapy. One of the most frequently applied drugs are platinum complexes. Despite their clinical success, these compounds are associated with severe side effects and low therapeutic efficiency. To overcome these limitations, herein, the synthesis and biological evaluation of Cu(II) terpyridine complexes as chemotherapeutic drug candidates is suggested. The compounds were found to be highly cytotoxic in the nanomolar range against various cancer cell lines. Mechanistic insights revealed that the compounds primarily accumulated in the cytoplasm and generated reactive oxygen species in this organelle, triggering cell death by apoptosis. Based on their high therapeutic effect, these metal complexes could serve as a starting point for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Ni
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Nicolás Montesdeoca
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Johannes Karges
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
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4
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Maciel-Flores CE, Lozano-Alvarez JA, Bivián-Castro EY. Recently Reported Biological Activities and Action Targets of Pt(II)- and Cu(II)-Based Complexes. Molecules 2024; 29:1066. [PMID: 38474580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Most diseases that affect human beings across the world are now treated with drugs of organic origin. However, some of these are associated with side effects, toxicity, and resistance phenomena. For the treatment of many illnesses, the development of new molecules with pharmacological potential is now an urgent matter. The biological activities of metal complexes have been reported to have antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and antiparasitic effects, amongst others. Metal complexes are effective because they possess unique properties. For example, the complex entity possesses the effective biological activity, then the formation of coordination bonds between the metal ions and ligands is controlled, metal ions provide it with extraordinary mechanisms of action because of characteristics such as d-orbitals, oxidation states, and specific orientations; metal complexes also exhibit good stability and good physicochemical properties such as water solubility. Platinum is a transition metal widely used in the design of drugs with antineoplastic activities; however, platinum is associated with side effects which have made it necessary to search for, and design, novel complexes based on other metals. Copper is a biometal which is found in living systems; it is now used in the design of metal complexes with biological activities that have demonstrated antitumoral, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, amongst others. In this review, we consider the open horizons of Cu(II)- and Pt(II)-based complexes, new trends in their design, their synthesis, their biological activities and their targets of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian Eduardo Maciel-Flores
- Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Díaz de León 1144, Col. Paseos de la Montaña, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Lozano-Alvarez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940 Cd. Universitaria, Aguascalientes 20131, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Egla Yareth Bivián-Castro
- Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Díaz de León 1144, Col. Paseos de la Montaña, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico
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5
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Moura FDS, Sobrinho YS, Stellet C, Serna JDP, Ligiero CBP, Yoguim MI, Cukierman DS, Diniz R, Alves OC, Morgon NH, de Souza AR, Rey NA. Copper(II) complexes of a furan-containing aroylhydrazonic ligand: syntheses, structural studies, solution chemistry and interaction with HSA. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17731-17746. [PMID: 37916692 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02597g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes have become a potential alternative to the use of platinum drugs in cancer therapy due to their multi-target mode of action. In this context, we report the syntheses of new mononuclear and dinuclear coordination compounds of this element, 1 and 2, derived from the ligand 5-methylsalicylaldehyde 2-furoyl hydrazone (H2L). All three compounds were structurally and spectroscopically characterized, both in the solid state and in solution. In 1, Cu is coordinated by three donor-atoms from the hydrazonic ligand and one chloride ion. H2L is deprotonated at the phenol oxygen. The dinuclear complex 2 is, on the other hand, a dimeric form of 1 in which the chloride ions of a pair of mononuclear units are lost and phenoxo bridges take their places, double-connecting the metal centres and resulting in a single species with the ligand fully deprotonated. The compounds were fairly stable in aqueous medium at room temperature. An experimental-theoretical combined approach demonstrated that all of them are able to bind human serum albumin (HSA), although at different sites and with diverse stoichiometries and affinities (as concluded by the calculated binding energies). In view of this, and due to the well-known antiproliferative activity of hydrazone-containing copper complexes, we consider the compounds presented in here promising, and believe that they deserve more profound studies regarding the assessment of their potential against tumour cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fagner da Silva Moura
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ygor S Sobrinho
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Stellet
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maurício I Yoguim
- Department of Chemistry, Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Daphne S Cukierman
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Chemistry Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Diniz
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Odivaldo C Alves
- Chemistry Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Nelson H Morgon
- Chemistry Institute, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aguinaldo R de Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Nicolás A Rey
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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6
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Xu X, Dai F, Mao Y, Zhang K, Qin Y, Zheng J. Metallodrugs in the battle against non-small cell lung cancer: unlocking the potential for improved therapeutic outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1242488. [PMID: 37727388 PMCID: PMC10506097 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1242488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy is standard-of-care but has limitations including toxicity and resistance. Metal complexes of gold, ruthenium, and other metals have emerged as promising alternatives. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of metallodrugs for NSCLC. Bibliometric analysis reveals growing interest in elucidating mechanisms, developing targeted therapies, and synergistic combinations. Classification of metallodrugs highlights platinum, gold, and ruthenium compounds, as well as emerging metals. Diverse mechanisms include DNA damage, redox modulation, and immunomodulation. Preclinical studies demonstrate cytotoxicity and antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo, providing proof-of-concept. Clinical trials indicate platinums have utility but resistance remains problematic. Non-platinum metallodrugs exhibit favorable safety but modest single agent efficacy to date. Drug delivery approaches like nanoparticles show potential to enhance therapeutic index. Future directions include optimization of metal-based complexes, elucidation of resistance mechanisms, biomarker development, and combination therapies to fully realize the promise of metallodrugs for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Xu
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiting Mao
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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7
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Lim H, Oh C, Park MS, Park HB, Ahn C, Bae WK, Yoo KH, Hong S. Hint from an Enzymatic Reaction: Superoxide Dismutase Models Efficiently Suppress Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37441741 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are essential antioxidant enzymes that prevent massive superoxide radical production and thus protect cells from damage induced by free radicals. However, this concept has rarely been applied to directly impede the function of driver oncogenes, thus far. Here, leveraging efforts from SOD model complexes, we report the novel finding of biomimetic copper complexes that efficiently scavenge intracellularly generated free radicals and, thereby, directly access the core consequence of colorectal cancer suppression. We conceived four structurally different SOD-mimicking copper complexes that showed distinct disproportionation reaction rates of intracellular superoxide radical anions. By replenishing SOD models, we observed a dramatic reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) concentrations that led to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M stage and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Our results showcase how nature-mimicking models can be designed and fine-tuned to serve as a viable chemotherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Chaeun Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Myong-Suk Park
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Korea
| | - Hyung-Bin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Chaewon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
- Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Seungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Novoa-Ramírez CS, Silva-Becerril A, González-Ballesteros MM, Gomez-Vidal V, Flores-Álamo M, Ortiz-Frade L, Gracia-Mora J, Ruiz-Azuara L. Biological activity of mixed chelate copper(II) complexes, with substituted diimine and tridentate Schiff bases (NNO) and their hydrogenated derivatives as secondary ligands: Casiopeína's fourth generation. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 242:112097. [PMID: 36812707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We synthesize and characterize nine copper(II) compounds. Four with general formula [Cu(NNO)(NO3)] and five mixed chelates [Cu(NNO)(N-N)]+, where NNO corresponds to asymmetric salen ligands (E)-2-((2-(methylamino)ethylimino)methyl)phenolate (L1) and (E)-3-((2-(methylamino)ethylimino)methyl)naphthalenolate (LN1); and their hydrogenated derivatives 2-((2-(methylamino)ethylamino)methyl)phenolate (LH1) and 3-((2-(methylamino)ethylamino)methyl)naphthalenolate (LNH1); and N-N correspond to 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipiridyne(dmbpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). Using EPR, the geometries of the compounds in solution in DMSO were assigned, [Cu(LN1)(NO3)] and [Cu(LNH1)(NO3)] a square-planar, [Cu(L1)(NO3)], [Cu(LH1)(NO3)], [Cu(L1)(dmby)]+ and [Cu(LH1)(dmby)]+ a square-based pyramid; and [Cu(LN1)(dmby)]+, [Cu(LNH1)(dmby)]+ and [Cu(L1)(phen)]+ and elongated octahedral. By X-ray it was observed that [Cu(L1)(dmby)]+ and. [Cu(LN1)(dmby)]+ presented a square-based pyramidal, and [Cu(LN1)(NO3)]+ a square-planar geometry. The electrochemical study showed that copper reduction process is a quasi-reversible system, where the complexes with hydrogenated ligands were less oxidizing. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was tested by MTT assay, all the compounds showed biological activity in HeLa cell line, the mixed compounds were the more active ones. Naphthalene moiety, imine hydrogenation and aromatic diimine coordination, increased biological activity. A structure-activity relationships were found: Log(IC50) = - 1.01(Epc) - 0.35(Conjugated Rings) + 0.87, for Schiff base complexes and Log(IC50) = 0.078(Epc) - 0.32(Conjugated Rings) + 1.94, for hydrogenated complexes; the less oxidizing species with a great number of conjugated rings presented the best biological activity. Complexes-DNA binding constants were obtained by uv-vis studies using CT-DNA, the results suggested that the complexes can interact through the grooves, except the phenanthroline mixed complex that intercalate with DNA. Gel electrophoresis study with pBR 322 showed that compounds can produce changes in the form of DNA and some complexes can cleave DNA in the presence of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Sinai Novoa-Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Areli Silva-Becerril
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Misael González-Ballesteros
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Virginia Gomez-Vidal
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcos Flores-Álamo
- Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo a la Investigación y a la Industria, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Ortiz-Frade
- Departamento de Electroquímica, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica S.C. Parque Tecnológico, Sanfandila, Pedro de Escobedo, 76703 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Jesús Gracia-Mora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lena Ruiz-Azuara
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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9
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Alvarez N, Rocha A, Collazo V, Ellena J, Costa-Filho AJ, Batista AA, Facchin G. Development of Copper Complexes with Diimines and Dipicolinate as Anticancer Cytotoxic Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051345. [PMID: 37242587 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination complexes may act as anticancer agents. Among others, the formation of the complex may facilitate the ligand uptake by the cell. Searching for new copper compounds with cytotoxic activity, the complex Cu-dipicolinate was studied as a neutral scaffold to form ternary complexes with diimines. A series of [Cu(dipicolinate)(diimine)] complexes (where diimine: Phenanthroline, phen, 5-NO2-phenanthroline, 4-methyl-phenanthroline, neocuproine, 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-phenanthroline, tmp, bathophenanthroline, bipyridine, dimethyl-bipyridine, as well as the ligand 2,2-dipyridil-amine, bam) were synthesized and characterized both in the solid state, including a new crystal structure of [Cu2(dipicolinate)2(tmp)2]·7H2O. Their chemistry in aqueous solution was explored by UV/vis spectroscopy, conductivity, cyclic voltammetry, and electron paramagnetic resonance studies. Their DNA binding was analyzed by electronic spectroscopy (determining Kb values), circular dichroism, and viscosity methods. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was assessed on human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 (breast, the first triple negative), A549 (lung epithelial) and A2780cis (ovarian, Cisplatin-resistant), and non-tumor cell lines MRC-5 (lung) and MCF-10A (breast). The major species are ternary, in solution and solid state. Complexes are highly cytotoxic as compared to Cisplatin. Complexes containing bam and phen are interesting candidates to study their in vivo activity in triple-negative breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alvarez
- Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Analu Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Victoria Collazo
- Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Javier Ellena
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. do Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio J Costa-Filho
- RIbeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Science and Literature, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Gianella Facchin
- Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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New Copper(II)-L-Dipeptide-Bathophenanthroline Complexes as Potential Anticancer Agents-Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies-And Comparative DNA-Binding Study of Related Phen Complexes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020896. [PMID: 36677957 PMCID: PMC9863540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Searching for new copper compounds which may be useful as antitumor drugs, a series of new [Cu(L-dipeptide)(batho)] (batho:4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, L-dipeptide: Gly-Val, Gly-Phe, Ala-Gly, Ala-Ala, Ala-Phe, Phe-Ala, Phe-Val and Phe-Phe) complexes were synthesized and characterized. To interpret the experimental IR spectra, [Cu(ala-gly)(batho)] was modelled in the gas phase using DFT at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory and the calculated vibrational frequencies were analyzed. Solid-state characterization is in agreement with pentacoordinate complexes of the general formula [Cu(L-dipeptide)(batho)]·x solvent, similar to other [Cu(L-dipeptide)(diimine)] complexes. In solution, the major species are heteroleptic, as in the solid state. The mode of binding to the DNA was evaluated by different techniques, to understand the role of the diimine and the dipeptide. To this end, studies were also performed with complexes [CuCl2(diimine)], [Cu(L-dipeptide)(diimine)] and free diimines, with phenanthroline, neocuproine and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-phenanthroline. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was determined on human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 (breast, the first triple negative), and A549 (lung epithelial) and non-tumor cell lines MRC-5 (lung) and MCF-10A (breast). [Cu(L-dipeptide)(batho)] complexes are highly cytotoxic as compared to cisplatin and [Cu(L-dipeptide)(phenanthroline)] complexes, being potential candidates to study their in vivo activity in the treatments of aggressive tumors for which there is no curative pharmacological treatment.
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Godínez-Loyola Y, Gracia-Mora J, Rojas-Montoya ID, Hernández-Ayala LF, Reina M, Ortiz-Frade LA, Rascón-Valenzuela LA, Robles-Zepeda RE, Gómez-Vidales V, Bernad-Bernad MJ, Ruiz-Azuara L. Casiopeinas® third generation, with indomethacin: synthesis, characterization, DFT studies, antiproliferative activity, and nanoencapsulation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21662-21673. [PMID: 35975050 PMCID: PMC9347768 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven new Casiopeinas® were synthesized and properly characterized. These novel compounds have a general formula [Cu(N–N)(Indo)]NO3, where Indo is deprotonated indomethacin and N–N is either bipyridine or phenanthroline with some methyl-substituted derivatives, belonging to the third generation of Casiopeinas®. Spectroscopic characterization suggests a square-based pyramid geometry and voltammetry experiments indicate that the redox potential is strongly dependent on the N–N ligand. All the presented compounds show high cytotoxic efficiency, and most of them exhibit higher efficacy compared to the well-known cisplatin drug and acetylacetonate analogs of the first generation. Computational calculations show that antiproliferative behavior can be directly related to the volume of the molecules. Besides, a chitosan (CS)–polyacrylamide (PNIPAAm) nanogel was synthesized and characterized to examine the encapsulation and release properties of the [Cu(4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(Indo)]NO3 compound. The results show good encapsulation performance in acidic conditions and a higher kinetic drug release in acidic media than at neutral pH. This result can be described by the Peppas–Sahlin model and indicates a release mechanism predominantly by Fick diffusion. Seven new 3rd generation Casiopeinas® are presented with the indomethacin ligand that improves their antiproliferative activity. A chitosan–polyacrylamide nanogel presents good encapsulation and release properties for the more efficient compound.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yokari Godínez-Loyola
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Jesús Gracia-Mora
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Iván D Rojas-Montoya
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Hernández-Ayala
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Miguel Reina
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | | | - Luisa Alondra Rascón-Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Virginia Gómez-Vidales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - María Josefa Bernad-Bernad
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Lena Ruiz-Azuara
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
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