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Mutukwa D, Taziwa RT, Khotseng L. A Review of Plant-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles for Photodegradation and Antibacterial Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1182. [PMID: 39057861 PMCID: PMC11279911 DOI: 10.3390/nano14141182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the synthesis of plant-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their applications for antibacterial and photocatalytic degradation of dyes, thereby addressing the need for sustainable and eco-friendly methods for the preparation of NPs. Driven by the significant rise in antibiotic resistance and environmental pollution from dye pollution, there is a need for more effective antibacterial agents and photocatalysts. Therefore, this review explores the synthesis of plant-mediated ZnO NPs, and the influence of reaction parameters such as pH, annealing temperature, plant extract concentration, etc. Additionally, it also looks at the application of plant-mediated ZnO NPs for antibacterial and photodegradation of dyes, focusing on the influence of the properties of the plant-mediated ZnO NPs such as size, shape, and bandgap on the antibacterial and photocatalytic activity. The findings suggest that properties such as shape and size are influenced by reaction parameters and these properties also influence the antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of plant-mediated ZnO NPs. This review concludes that plant-mediated ZnO NPs have the potential to advance green and sustainable materials in antibacterial and photocatalysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas Mutukwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd., Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Raymond Tichaona Taziwa
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Old King William Town Road, Potsdam Site, East London 5200, South Africa
| | - Lindiwe Khotseng
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd., Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
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Lal R, Gour T, Dave N, Singh N, Yadav J, Khan A, Jain A, Agarwal LK, Sharma YK, Sharma K. Green route to fabrication of Semal-ZnO nanoparticles for efficient solar-driven catalysis of noxious dyes in diverse aquatic environments. Front Chem 2024; 12:1370667. [PMID: 38817442 PMCID: PMC11137298 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1370667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This work successfully demonstrates a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing Semal-ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Bombax ceiba L. These NPs exhibit an absorption peak at approximately 390 nm in the UV-visible spectrum and an energy gap (Eg) of 3.11 eV. Detailed analyses of the morphology and particle size using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, XRD, FE-SEM with EDS, and HR-TEM reveal crystallographic peaks attributable to the hexagonal phase, with an average crystal size of 17 nm. The Semal-ZnO NPs also exhibit a notable photocatalytic efficiency for degrading methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) under sunlight in different water samples collected from diverse natural sources, indicating that they are promising photocatalysts for environmental remediation. The photocatalytic efficiency of the biofabricated Semal-ZnO NPs is impressive, exhibiting a photodegradation rate of up to 99% for MB and 79% for MO in different water samples under exposure to sunlight. The novel phytofabricated Semal-ZnO NPs are thus a beacon of hope for the environment, with their desirable photocatalytic efficiency, pseudo-first-order kinetics, and ability to break down noxious dye pollutants in various aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratan Lal
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tripti Gour
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Narendra Dave
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Niharika Singh
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jigyasu Yadav
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Afshin Khan
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akshita Jain
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Kuldeep Sharma
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Bashabsheh RH, AL-Fawares O, Natsheh I, Bdeir R, Al-Khreshieh RO, Bashabsheh HH. Staphylococcus aureus epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and application of nano-therapeutics as a promising approach to combat methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pathog Glob Health 2024; 118:209-231. [PMID: 38006316 PMCID: PMC11221481 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2023.2285187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium and one of the most prevalent infectious disease-related causes of morbidity and mortality in adults. This pathogen can trigger a broad spectrum of diseases, from sepsis and pneumonia to severe skin infections that can be fatal. In this review, we will provide an overview of S. aureus and discuss the extensive literature on epidemiology, transmission, genetic diversity, evolution and antibiotic resistance strains, particularly methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). While many different virulence factors that S. aureus produces have been investigated as therapeutic targets, this review examines recent nanotechnology approaches, which employ materials with atomic or molecular dimensions and are being used to diagnose, treat, or eliminate the activity of S. aureus. Finally, having a deeper understanding and clearer grasp of the roles and contributions of S. aureus determinants, antibiotic resistance, and nanotechnology will aid us in developing anti-virulence strategies to combat the growing scarcity of effective antibiotics against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad H.F. Bashabsheh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - O’la AL-Fawares
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Iyad Natsheh
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Roba Bdeir
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Rozan O. Al-Khreshieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
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Raghupathy S, Sivalingam AM, Brahma N, Alex A. Phytochemical Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Its Antibacterial Property. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1256-S1262. [PMID: 38882743 PMCID: PMC11174281 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_565_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonessential heavy metals are toxic to human health. In this study, mercury, a hazardous metal, was detected by colorimetric analysis using Murraya koenigii. The eco-friendliness of this method was also emphasized. UV spectrum is a broad peak observed at 200-250 nm in P. guajava leaf extracts. The UV spectrum of green synthesized P. guajava exhibited an absorption band of 418 nm, which confirms the nanoparticle synthesis. FTIR analysis of the vibrational peak around 3307 cm-1 is assigned to ν(O-H) stretching that could possibly emanate from carbohydrates or phenolics. The peaks found around 2917 and 2849 cm-1 are ascribed to the -C-H stretch of the alkyl group, and the peak around 1625 cm-1 is due to the enolic β-diketones or -C = O stretch of carboxylic acids, while the corresponding -C-O stretch is observed around 1375 and 1029 cm-1. The assignment of peaks is similar. It is clear from the SEM image that the constituent parts were non-uniform sphere-shaped, agglomerated, and of an average size of 30.9 nm. XRD analysis was utilized to determine the structural characteristics and crystalline nature of P. guajava. The observed intensity peaks at 32.35°, 36.69°, 39.24°, 44.76°, 59.42°, and 67.35° represent the 2θ values for P. guajava in the diffraction pattern, aligning with the values in the standard database. The synthesized AgNPs tested antibacterial properties against various strains of microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, 25 μg/mL 6.02 ± 0.17 and 100 μg/mL 7.3 ± 0.05, Staphylococcus aureus, 25 μg/mL 05.02 ± 0.07 and 100 μg/mL 11.3 ± 1.12, Streptococcus mutans, 25 μg/mL 04.02 ± 0.19 and 100 μg/mL 11.1 ± 0.11, Enterococcus faecalis, 25 µg/mL 0.8.05 ± 0.11 and 100 µg/mL 11.7 ± 0.02. The short novelty of Psidium guajava (guava) lies in its potential relevance to human health, as it has been found to possess bioactive compounds with various medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a promising natural resource for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Raghupathy
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhagu Madhavan Sivalingam
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neha Brahma
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arockia Alex
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Vinyagamoorthy S, Sivalingam AM, Alex A, Brahma N. Pharmacological Effect of In Vitro Antioxidant Property and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Utilizing Murraya koenigii Antibacterial Application. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1263-S1269. [PMID: 38882802 PMCID: PMC11174184 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_567_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nonessential heavy metals pose a significant threat to human health due to their toxicity. Mercury, in particular, is identified as a hazardous metal. The study aims to detect mercury using colorimetric analysis with Murraya koenigii, emphasizing the eco-friendliness of the method. Aims and Objectives The primary objective is to detect mercury using a colorimetric analysis method employing Murraya koenigii. Additionally, the study aims to investigate the eco-friendliness of this detection method. Materials and Methods Colorimetric analysis was conducted using Murraya koenigii to detect mercury. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was employed to detect the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), with a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band observed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data analysis was performed to determine the crystalline nature and size of AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to visualize the morphology of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to identify functional groups involved in reducing silver ions. Antibacterial properties of synthesized AgNPs were tested against various microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis. Results Mercury was successfully detected using colorimetric analysis with Murraya koenigii. Formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, with a characteristic SPR band at 418 nm. AgNPs were found to be crystalline with an average size of 5.20 nm, as determined by XRD analysis. SEM images revealed spherical and polycrystalline AgNPs. FTIR spectra indicated the involvement of the -OH group of compounds in the extract in reducing silver ions. Synthesized AgNPs exhibited antibacterial properties against various microorganisms. Conclusion A sustainable and eco-friendly method for synthesizing AgNPs using Murraya koenigii extract was successfully developed. This method not only detected mercury but also demonstrated antibacterial properties against various microorganisms. The study underscores the health implications of nonessential heavy metals, emphasizing the importance of eco-friendly detection and mitigation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vinyagamoorthy
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhagu Madhavan Sivalingam
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arockia Alex
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neha Brahma
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saied E, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Alfuraydi AA, Kiani BH, Bassyouni M, Al-Qabandi OA, Bougafa FHE, Badawy MSEM, Hashem AH. Endophytic Aspergillus hiratsukae mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345423. [PMID: 38533339 PMCID: PMC10964773 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, endophytic Aspergillus hiratsukae was used for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) for the first time. The characterizations were performed using X ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The obtained results demonstrated the successful formation of crystalline, spherical Ag-NPs with particle diameters ranging from 16 to 31 nm. The FT-IR studied and displayed the various functional groups involved, which played a role in capping and reducing agents for Ag-NPs production. The SEM-EDX revealed that the main constituent of the AS-formed sample was primarily Ag, with a weight percentage of 64.2%. The mycosynthesized Ag-NPs were assessed for antimicrobial as well as photocatalytic activities. The antimicrobial results indicated that the synthesized Ag-NPs possess notable antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-NPs ranging from 62.5 to 250 μg/mL. Moreover, the biosynthesized Ag-NPs demonstrated weak antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis and Candida albicans, with MICs of 500 and 1,000 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the mycosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited photocatalytic activity toward acid black 2 (nigrosine) dye under both light and dark stimulation. Notably, After 300 min exposure to light, the nigrosine dye was degraded by 93%. In contrast, 51% degradation was observed after 300 min in darkness. In conclusion, Ag-NPs were successfully biosynthesized using endophytic A. hiratsukae and also exhibited antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities that can be used in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Saied
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram A. Alfuraydi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Hafeez Kiani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Membrane-Based Water Desalination Technology for Testing and Characterization (CEMTC), Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Al-Qabandi
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - Fathia H. E. Bougafa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tobruk University, Tobruk, Libya
| | - Mona Shaban E. M. Badawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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Zaater A, Serhoud MO, Ben Amor I, Zeghoud S, Hemmami A, Rebiai A, Bouras Y, Laiche AT, Alsalme A, Cornu D, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Exploring the potential of a Ephedra alata leaf extract: Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, antibacterial properties, and green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Front Chem 2024; 12:1367552. [PMID: 38449480 PMCID: PMC10914993 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1367552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ephedra alata leaf extracts have therapeutic properties and contain various natural compounds known as phytochemicals. This study assessed the phytochemical content and antioxidant effects of a Ephedra alata leaf extract, as well as zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle production. The extract contained phenolic acids, including vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillin and rutin. Its total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were 48.7 ± 0.9 mg.g-1 and 1.7 ± 0.4 mg.g-1, respectively. The extract displayed a DPPH inhibition rate of 70.5%, total antioxidant activity of 49.5 ± 3.4 mg.g-1, and significant antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles had spherical shape, crystallite size of 25 nm, particle size between 5 and 30 nm, and bandgap energy of 3.3 eV. In specific conditions (90 min contact time, pH 7, and 25°C), these nanoparticles efficiently photodegraded 87% of methylene blue, suggesting potential applications for sustainable water treatment and pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmalek Zaater
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Oualid Serhoud
- Laboratory of Community and Family, University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
- Department of Sociology and Demography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
| | - Ilham Ben Amor
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Soumeia Zeghoud
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Amira Hemmami
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Yacine Bouras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory Biology, Environment and Health (LBEH), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Ammar Touhami Laiche
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Gulf University for Science and Technology, GUST, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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E B, Sivalingam AM, Alex A, Neha B. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Green-Synthesized Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Utilizing Extracts From Allium sativum. Cureus 2024; 16:e55184. [PMID: 38558717 PMCID: PMC10981507 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary objective of this study was to develop an environmentally friendly and efficient method for synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), utilizing extracts from Allium sativum (garlic) plants, characterizing the synthesized ZnO NPs using various analytical techniques, and assessing their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS The synthesis process involved utilizing extracts from garlic plants to create ZnO NPs. The NPs were subjected to comprehensive characterization through UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Antibacterial properties were assessed against different microbial strains. In vitro antioxidant properties were evaluated through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays. Bioactive compounds in the synthesized NPs were also identified. RESULTS Analysis of the UV-vis spectrum confirmed the synthesis of ZnO NPs with an approximate size of 280 nm, as indicated by the absorption peak in the surface plasmon resonance band. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. SEM analysis determined the dimensions of the NPs to be around 11 nm. XRD patterns exhibited distinct Bragg reflections, confirming specific crystallographic planes. In vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated a reduction in absorbance at 517 nm and 734 nm, indicating antioxidant activity. Antibacterial testing revealed inhibition zones against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans,and Enterococcus faecalis. CONCLUSION The study successfully synthesized ZnO NPs using an eco-friendly method with garlic plant extracts. Characterization techniques confirmed the structural and chemical properties of the NPs. The synthesized NPs exhibited antioxidant and antibacterial activities, showcasing their potential for various applications. The identification of bioactive compounds further contributes to the understanding of the biological properties of the synthesized NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benshiga E
- Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Azhagu Madhavan Sivalingam
- Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Arockia Alex
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Brahma Neha
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Aly Khalil AM, Saied E, Mekky AE, Saleh AM, Al Zoubi OM, Hashem AH. Green biosynthesis of bimetallic selenium-gold nanoparticles using Pluchea indica leaves and their biological applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1294170. [PMID: 38274007 PMCID: PMC10809157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1294170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing bacterial resistance and the negative impact of currently used antibacterial agents have produced the need for novel antibacterial agents and anticancer drugs. In this regard, nanotechnology could provide safer and more efficient therapeutic agents. The main methods for nanoparticle production are chemical and physical approaches that are often costly and environmentally unsafe. In the current study, Pluchea indica leaf extract was used for the biosynthesis of bimetallic selenium-gold nanoparticles (Se-Au BNPs) for the first time. Phytochemical examinations revealed that P. indica leaf extract includes 90.25 mg/g dry weight (DW) phenolics, 275.53 mg/g DW flavonoids, and 26.45 mg/g DW tannins. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques were employed to characterize Se-Au BNPs. Based on UV-vis spectra, the absorbance of Se-Au BNPs peaked at 238 and 374 nm. In SEM imaging, Se-Au BNPs emerged as bright particles, and both Au and Se were uniformly distributed throughout the P. indica leaf extract. XRD analysis revealed that the average size of Se-Au BNPs was 45.97 nm. The Se-Au BNPs showed antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 31.25, 15.62, 31.25, and 3.9 μg/mL, respectively. Surprisingly, a cytotoxicity assay revealed that the IC50 value toward the Wi 38 normal cell line was 116.8 μg/mL, implying that all of the MICs described above could be used safely. More importantly, Se-Au BNPs have shown higher anticancer efficacy against human breast cancer cells (MCF7), with an IC50 value of 13.77 μg/mL. In conclusion, this paper is the first to provide data on the effective utilization of P. indica leaf extract in the biosynthesis of biologically active Se-Au BNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alsayed E. Mekky
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Saleh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Mahmoud Al Zoubi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Xu Q, Khan I, Cao X, Yang R, Yan H. Green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using crude extract of Aconitum violaceum and evaluation of their antibacterial, antioxidant and photocatalytic activities. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1320739. [PMID: 38268939 PMCID: PMC10807692 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1320739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) has received extensive attention over other conventional approaches due to their non-toxic nature and more biocompatibility. Herein we report gold and silver NPs (AuNPs@AV and AgNPs@AV) prepared by employing a green approach using crude extract of Aconitum violaceum Jacquem. ex Stapf. The synthesized NPs were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV/Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Zeta Potential. Morphological analysis showed spherical and triangular shapes of the NPs with average size of <100 nm. The AuNPs@AV and AgNPs@AV exhibited effective antibacterial activities, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 95 and 70 μg/mL against Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and 90 and 65 μg/mL against Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. Strong antioxidant effect of AuNPs@AV and AgNPs@AV were reported against DPPH radical and PTIO within range of IC50 values; 161-80 μg/ml as compared to the standard (23-11 μg/mL) respectively. Moreover, the AuNPs@AV and AgNPs@AV showed efficient photocatalytic activity and degraded 89.88% and 93.7% methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Shujaat Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Qianqian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Idrees Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ruimin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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