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Chrigui S, Mbarek S, Hadj Taieb S, Haouas Z, Feki M, Benlarbi M, Zemmel A, Chigr F, Boudhrioua N, Ben Chaouacha-Chekir R. Behaviour of Tunisian Psammomys obesus fed high-calorie diets: biochemical disturbance and histopathological alterations. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38982878 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2024.2375983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the biochemical disturbances and histological alteration in Psammomys obesus animal model fed different high calorie diets (HCDs) during three months. Four diets were used: a low-calorie natural diet, Chenopodiaceae halophyte plant used as control (LCD), a high standard carbohydrate diet rich in protein, HCD 0, a high carbohydrate diet rich in two concentrations of fat, HCD 1 and HCD 2. All animals having received HCDs developed dyslipidemia after one month of experiment with distinction of different sub-groups developing or not obesity and diabetes. HCDs induced a remarkable increasing in blood cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels indicating a fast induction of dyslipidemia and a significant increase of aminotransaminases activities revealing a pronounced hepatotoxicity. Animal developing diabetes showed a severe hepatic injury, a degeneration of the adipose tissue and a significant reduction of retinal thickness. P. obesus seems to be an excellent animal model to investigate nutritional metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhaieb Chrigui
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Mbarek
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Hadj Taieb
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic LR18ES40, Faculty of Medicineg of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Monssef Feki
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha Benlarbi
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | | | - Fatiha Chigr
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Nourhène Boudhrioua
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Rafika Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
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Formisano E, Proietti E, Borgarelli C, Sukkar SG, Albertelli M, Boschetti M, Pisciotta L. The impact of overweight on lipid phenotype in different forms of dyslipidemia: a retrospective cohort study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02368-5. [PMID: 38605186 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dyslipidemia plays a pivotal role in increasing cardiovascular risk. In clinical practice the misleading association between altered lipid profile and obesity is common, therefore genetically inherited dyslipidemias may not completely be addressed among patients with overweight. Thus, we aim to investigate the influence of overweight and obesity on the lipid phenotype in a cohort of patients with different forms of dyslipidemia. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with dyslipidemia from 2015 to 2022. Patients were stratified in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), non-familial hyperlipidemia or polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PH). Clinical characteristics and lipid profile were evaluated. RESULTS Of the total of 798 patients, 361 were affected by non-familial hyperlipidemia (45.2%), while FCHL, FH and PH was described in 19.9%, 14.0% and 20.9% of patients, respectively. Overweight prevalence was higher in FCHL and non-familial hyperlipidemia patients than FH and PH patients. Subjects with overweight and obesity were independently associated with lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to patients with normal weight (52.4 and 46.0 vs 58.1, respectively; p < 0.0001); levels of triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL-C were higher in patients with overweight and obesity than patients with normal weight (257.3 and 290.9 vs 194.8, and 221.5 and 219.6 vs 210.1, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.01, respectively), while no differences were observed between patients with overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION While dyslipidemias can be influenced by various factors, an important determinant may lie in genetics, frequently acting as an underlying cause of altered lipid profiles, even in cases of overweight conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Formisano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - E Proietti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Borgarelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - S G Sukkar
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Albertelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Boschetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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de Oliveira J, Moreira ELG, de Bem AF. Beyond cardiovascular risk: Implications of Familial hypercholesterolemia on cognition and brain function. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102149. [PMID: 38056504 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a metabolic condition caused mainly by a mutation in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene (LDLR), which is highly prevalent in the population. Besides being an important causative factor of cardiovascular diseases, FH has been considered an early risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive and emotional behavioral impairments in LDL receptor knockout (LDLr-/-) mice are associated with neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, impaired neurogenesis, brain oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, today, LDLr-/- mice, a widely used animal model for studying cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis, are also considered an interesting tool for studying dementia. Here, we reviewed the main findings in LDLr-/- mice regarding the relationship between FH and brain dysfunctions and dementia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade de Oliveira
- Laboratory of investigation on metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Luiz Gasnhar Moreira
- Neuroscience Coworking Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Metabolism, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Federal District, DF 70910-900, Brazil; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040360, Brazil.
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Jemal M, Shibabaw Molla T, Tiruneh G. Medhin M, Chekol Abebe E, Asmamaw Dejenie T. Blood glucose level and serum lipid profiles among people living with HIV on dolutegravir-based versus efavirenz-based cART; a comparative cross-sectional study. Ann Med 2023; 55:2295435. [PMID: 38118463 PMCID: PMC10763893 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy-linked metabolic abnormalities have become a growing concern among people living with HIV. There is limited data regarding the effects of dolutegravir-based treatment on blood glucose levels and serum lipid profiles in people living with HIV in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess blood glucose levels and serum lipid profiles among people living with HIV on dolutegravir-based versus efavirenz-based therapy. METHOD AND MATERIALS An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from 30 June 2021 to 30 August 2021. A total of 128 participants (64 in the dolutegravir-based group and 64 in the efavirenz-based group) were enrolled in the study. The Chi-square, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and logistic regression were used as appropriate statistical tests using SPSS Version 26.0 for this study. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT The prevalence of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were 17.2% (11/64) and 79.7% (51/64) in the dolutegravir group, and 9.4% (6/64) and 75% (48/64) in the efavirenz group, respectively. The efavirenz group had significantly higher mean values of total cholesterol (190.73 ± 44.13 vs. 175.27 ± 37.67 mg/dl, p = 0.035) and high-density lipoprotein (47.53 ± 14.25 vs. 40.92 ± 13.17 mg/dl, p = 0.007) than the dolutegravir group. For a Kg/m2 increase in BMI and for each month's increase in the duration of HIV, the patients were 66% (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.44), and 13% (AOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.23) more likely to have hyperglycemia, respectively. In contrast, female patients were 3.04 times more likely to have dyslipidemia (AOR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.14, 8.05) as compared to male patients, and with an increase in CD4 cell count of 1 cell/mm3, the odds of dyslipidemia increased by 0.3% (AOR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.006). CONCLUSION Efavirenz-based therapy resulted in higher mean values of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein as compared with dolutegravir-based therapy. It is important to consider and evaluate high-density lipoprotein levels in HIV patients on dolutegravir-based therapy, and total cholesterol levels in people living with HIV on efavirenz-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jemal
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Shibabaw Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh G. Medhin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ba Y, Guo Q, Meng S, Tong G, He Y, Guan Y, Zheng B. Association of exposures to serum terpenes with the prevalence of dyslipidemia: a population-based analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:115295-115309. [PMID: 37880399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to examine hitherto unresearched relationships between serum terpenes and the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Serum terpenes such as limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used as independent variables in this cross-sectional study. Continuous lipid variables included total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), residual cholesterol (RC), and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). Binary lipid variables (elevated TC, ≥5.18 mmol/L; lowered HDL-C, <1.04 mmol/L in men, and <1.30 mmol/L in women; elevated non-HDL-C, ≥4.2 mmol/L; elevated TG, ≥1.7 mmol/L; elevated LDL-C, ≥3.37 mmol/L; elevated RC, ≥1.0 mmol/L; and elevated Apo B, ≥1.3 g/L) suggest dyslipidemia. The relationships between the mixture of serum terpenes with lipid variables were investigated using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The study for TC, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C included a total of 1,528 people, whereas the analysis for TG, LDL-C, RC, and Apo B comprised 714 participants. The mean age of the overall participants was 47.69 years, and 48.77% were male. We found that tertiles of serum terpene were positively associated with binary (elevated TC, non-HDL-C, TG, LDL-C, RC, Apo B, and lowered HDL-C) and continuous (TC, non-HDL-C, TG, LDL-C, RC, and Apo B, but not HDL-C) serum lipid variables. WQS regression and BKMR analysis revealed that the mixture of serum terpenes was linked with the prevalence of dyslipidemia. According to our data, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was correlated with serum concentrations of three terpenes both separately and collectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Ba
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qixin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shasha Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guoxin Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yihong Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Pérez-Beltrán YE, González-Becerra K, Rivera-Iñiguez I, Martínez-López E, Ramos-Lopez O, Alcaraz-Mejía M, Rodríguez-Echevarría R, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG, Mendivil EJ. A Nutrigenetic Strategy for Reducing Blood Lipids and Low-Grade Inflammation in Adults with Obesity and Overweight. Nutrients 2023; 15:4324. [PMID: 37892400 PMCID: PMC10609523 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of obesity and dyslipidemia involves genetic factors, such as polymorphisms related to lipid metabolism alterations predisposing their development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutrigenetic intervention on the blood lipid levels, body composition, and inflammation markers of adults with obesity and overweight. Eleven genetic variants associated with dyslipidemias in Mexicans were selected, and specific nutrigenetic recommendations for these polymorphisms were found. One hundred and one adults were recruited and assigned to follow either a standard or nutrigenetic diet for eight weeks. Anthropometric, biochemical, body composition, and inflammation markers were evaluated through standardized methods. Weighted genetic risk scores (wGRSs) were computed using the study polymorphisms. After intervention, both diets significantly decreased the anthropometric parameters and body composition (p < 0.05). Only the nutrigenetic diet group showed significant reductions in VLDL-c (p = 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.002), TG:HDL (p = 0.002), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and TNF-α (p = 0.04). wGRSs had a high impact on the ΔTGs and ΔVLDL-c of both groups (standard diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.69, p = 0.03; ΔVLDL-c: Adj R2 = 0.71, p = 0.02; nutrigenetic diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.49, p = 0.03 and ΔVLDL-c: R2 = 0.29, p = 0.04). This nutrigenetic intervention improved lipid abnormalities in patients with excessive body weight. Hence, nutrigenetic strategies could be coadjuvant tools and enhance the standard dietary treatment for cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda E. Pérez-Beltrán
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic 63175, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Karina González-Becerra
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, UCSD Center for Healthy Eating and Activity Research (CHEAR), San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.M.-L.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - Mildreth Alcaraz-Mejía
- Departamento de Electrónica, Sistemas e Informática, ITESO, Unioversidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque 45604, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Echevarría
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.M.-L.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Sonia G. Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic 63175, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Edgar J. Mendivil
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de Mexico 01219, Mexico
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Anti-Obesity and Anti-Dyslipidemic Effects of Salicornia arabica Decocted Extract in Tunisian Psammomys obesus Fed a High-Calorie Diet. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061185. [PMID: 36981112 PMCID: PMC10048570 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicornia is a halophyte plant that has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of scurvy, goiter, and hypertension. It is commercialized in Europe and Asia as fresh salads, pickled vegetables, green salt, or tea powder. This work is the first to assess the potential anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects of Salicornia arabica decocted extract (SADE). SADE was characterized by its significant in vitro radical scavenging activity (using DPPH and ABTS assays). The effect of SADE on food intake, weight loss, serum biochemical parameters, liver and kidney weights, adiposity index and on liver histology was investigated in the Tunisian gerbil Psammomys obesus (P. obesus), which is recognized as a relevant animal model of human obesity and diabetes. P. obesus animals were firstly randomly divided into two groups: the first received a natural low-calorie chow diet (LCD), and the second group received a high-calorie diet (HCD) over 12 weeks. On day 90, animals were divided into four groups receiving or not receiving SADE (LCD, LCD + SADE, HCD, and HCD + SADE). If compared to the HCD group, SADE oral administration (300 mg/kg per day during 4 weeks) in HCD + SADE group showed on day 120 a significant decrease in body weight (−34%), blood glucose (−47.85%), serum levels of total cholesterol (−54.92%), LDL cholesterol (−60%), triglycerides (−48.03%), and of the levels of hepatic enzymes: ASAT (−66.28%) and ALAT (−31.87%). Oral administration of SADE restored the relative liver weight and adiposity index and significantly limited HCD-induced hepatic injury in P. obesus. SADE seems to have promising in vivo anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects.
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A Picrocrocin-Enriched Fraction from a Saffron Extract Affects Lipid Homeostasis in HepG2 Cells through a Non-Statin-like Mode. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043060. [PMID: 36834472 PMCID: PMC9965904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder associated with the loss of the physiological homeostasis that ensures safe levels of lipids in the organism. This metabolic disorder can trigger pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, statins currently represent the main pharmacological therapy, but their contraindications and side effects limit their use. This is stimulating the search for new therapeutic strategies. In this work, we investigated in HepG2 cells the hypolipidemic potential of a picrocrocin-enriched fraction, analyzed by high-resolution 1H NMR and obtained from a saffron extract, the stigmas of Crocus sativus L., a precious spice that has already displayed interesting biological properties. Spectrophotometric assays, as well as expression level of the main enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, have highlighted the interesting hypolipidemic effects of this natural compound; they seem to be exerted through a non-statin-like mechanism. Overall, this work provides new insights into the metabolic effects of picrocrocin, thus confirming the biological potential of saffron and paving the way for in vivo studies that could validate this spice or its phytocomplexes as useful adjuvants in balancing blood lipid homeostasis.
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Permatasari ZA, Syauqy A. Food consumption and dyslipidemia in middle-aged adults in Indonesia: A cross-sectional national study. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221139910. [PMID: 36380592 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221139910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Most people with abnormal lipid profiles are found in middle-aged adults in Indonesia. Unhealthy food consumption was positively associated with dyslipidemia. In contrast, healthy food consumption, including fruits and vegetables, was inversely associated with dyslipidemia. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the association between food consumption with dyslipidemia among middle-aged adults in Indonesia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the national representative survey of Indonesian Basic Health Research (IBHR) conducted by the National Institute of Health Research Development (NIHRD), Ministry of Health, Indonesia, in 2018. The study recruited 10,608 participants aged from 45 to 59 years old. An unadjusted or adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and a multivariate logistic regression model were performed to evaluate the associations of food consumption with dyslipidemia. Results: Frequent consumption of barbecue and soft drink was significantly correlated with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.149, CI: 1.055-1.251 and OR = 1.202, CI: 1.041-1.388). Frequent consumption of soft drink, and inadequate intakes of fruits and vegetables were significantly correlated with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.254, CI: 1.012-1.553, OR = 1.178, CI: 1.013-1.388, OR = 1.219, CI: 1.011-1.471, respectively) in men. While, frequent consumption of barbecue was significantly correlated with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.203, CI: 1.068-1.355) in women. Conclusion: Frequent consumption of barbecue and soft drink increased the risk of developing dyslipidemia among middle-aged adults in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Syauqy
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, 95445Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
- Center of Nutrition Research (CENURE), 95445Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
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Guarneiri LL, Paton CM, Cooper JA. Angiopoietin-Like Protein Responses to Pecan-Enriched Diets Versus a Nut-Excluded Diet. J Med Food 2022; 25:1066-1072. [PMID: 36036731 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Daily pecan consumption improves fasting and postprandial triglycerides, but its effect on angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of daily pecan consumption for 8 weeks on fasting and postprandial ANGPTL3, -8, and -4. This was an 8-week, randomized, controlled trial with three treatments: two pecan groups and a nut-free control group (n = 16). The ADD group (n = 15) consumed pecans (68 g) as part of a free-living diet, and the SUB group (n = 16) substituted the pecans (68 g) for isocaloric foods from their habitual diet. Fifty-six participants were randomized but nine subjects did not begin or finish the 8-week intervention and/or testing visits. At pre- and post-intervention, a high saturated fat meal was consumed with 3.5 h postprandial blood draws to determine changes in ANGPTL3, -8, and -4. There was a significant suppression in postprandial ANGPTL3 from pre- to post-intervention within ADD and SUB (P = .004 and P = .002, respectively) but not control (ns). There were no other changes within or between groups for fasting and postprandial outcomes. Daily pecan consumption improved postprandial ANGPTL3, which may mediate improvements in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana L Guarneiri
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Chad M Paton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Pérez-Beltrán YE, Rivera-Iñiguez I, Gonzalez-Becerra K, Pérez-Naitoh N, Tovar J, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG, Mendivil EJ. Personalized Dietary Recommendations Based on Lipid-Related Genetic Variants: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:830283. [PMID: 35387194 PMCID: PMC8979208 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.830283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and dyslipidemias are risk factors for developing cardiovascular diseases, the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of these diseases involves environmental factors, such as nutrition, but other aspects like genetic polymorphisms confer susceptibility to developing obesity and dyslipidemias. In this sense, nutrigenetics is being used to study the influence of genetic variations on the circulating lipid responses promoted by certain nutrients or foods to provide specific dietary strategies considering the genetic factors in personalized nutrition interventions. Objective To identify throughout a systematic review the potential nutrigenetic recommendations that demonstrate a strong interaction between gene-diet and circulating lipid variations. Methods This systematic review used the PRISMA-Protocol for manuscript research and preparation using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Human studies published in English from January 2010 to December 2020 were included. The main results were outcomes related to gene-diet interactions and plasmatic lipids variation. Results About 1,110 articles were identified, but only 38 were considered to fulfill the inclusion criteria established based on the reported data. The acquired information was organized based on gene-diet interaction with nutrients and components of the diet and dietary recommendation generated by each interaction: gene-diet interaction with dietary fats, carbohydrates or dietary fiber, gene-diet interaction with nutraceutical or dietary supplementation, and gene-diet interaction with proteins. Conclusion Findings included in this systematic review indicated that a certain percentage of dietary macronutrients, the consumption of specific amounts of polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, as well as the ingestion of nutraceuticals or dietary supplements could be considered as potential strategies for the development of a wide range of nutrigenetic interventions since they have a direct impact on the blood levels of lipids. In this way, specific recommendations were identified as potential tools in developing precision diets and highlighted the importance of personalized nutrition. These recommendations may serve as a possible strategy to implement as dietary tools for the preventive treatment and control alterations in lipid metabolism. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021248816, identifier [CRD42021248816].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda E. Pérez-Beltrán
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic/Instituto Nacional de México, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez
- Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Naomi Pérez-Naitoh
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Psicología, Educación y Salud, ITESO, Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Mexico
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana (IBERO), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juscelino Tovar
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sonia G. Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic/Instituto Nacional de México, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Edgar J. Mendivil
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Psicología, Educación y Salud, ITESO, Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Edgar J. Mendivil
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12
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Interaction between dietary total antioxidant capacity and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on lipid profiles and atherogenic indices among diabetic patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19108. [PMID: 34580389 PMCID: PMC8476521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the "neurotrophin" family of growth factors, and it has recently been associated to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We anticipated that BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms may alter CVD risk markers such as serum lipid profile differences, and interaction with total antioxidant capacity of diet (DTAC) could alter these clinical parameters. This cross-sectional study consisted of 667 diabetic patients (39.7% male and 60.3% female). DTAC was calculated by international databases. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α). interleukin 18 (IL18), leptin and ghrelin were measured by standard protocol. Atherogenic indices (AIP, AC, CR-I, CR-II) were calculated. Genotyping of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms was conducted by the real-time PCR-RFLP method. The gene-diet interactions were evaluated using a generalized linear mode (GLMs). Carriers of the Val/Met genotype who were in the higher median intake of FRAP had lower HDL (P:0.04) and higher TG (P:0.005), AIP (P:0.02) and AC (P:0.02) index compared to Val/Val genotypes with lower median intake. Moreover, diabetic patients with Val/Met genotype who consumed higher ORAC intake had increased odds for anthropometric indices (BMI (P:0.01) and WC (P:0.03)), lipid profiles (TG) (P:0.01), and atherogenic index (AIP) (P:0.02), also decreased odds for HDL (P:0.03) concentration compared to reference group whit lower ORAC intake. Individuals with Val/Met genotype who consumed higher TRAP intake had increased odds for WC (P:0.04), TC (P:0.001), TG (P < 0.001), AIP (P < 0.001) and AC (P < 0.001). Finally, Val/Met patients with a higher median intake of TEAC had higher TG (P:0.02), AIP (P:0.009) and AC (P:0.03) compared to the reference group whit lower TEAC intake. Our study showed that Val/Met genotype had also the highest lipid profile and atherogenic indices even in the highest adherence to DTAC. While it seems that the presence of the Val/Val wild-type and BDNF Met/Met homozygotes in diabetic patients with a high DTAC is a protective factor.
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13
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Association between Dyslipidemia and Mercury Exposure in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020775. [PMID: 33477628 PMCID: PMC7831478 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background-Dyslipidemia is one of the prominent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Dyslipidemia has various causes, including metabolic capacity, genetic problems, physical inactivity, and dietary habits. This study aimed to determine the association between dyslipidemia and exposure to heavy metals in adults. Methods-Using data from the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2017), 5345 participants aged ≥20 years who were tested for heavy metal levels were analyzed in this study. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to assess the factors affecting the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Results-The risks of dyslipidemia among all and male participants with mercury (Hg) levels of ≥2.75 μg/L (corresponding to the Korean average level) were 1.273 and 1.699 times higher than in those with levels of <2.75 μg/L, respectively. The factors that significantly affected the dyslipidemia risk were age, household income, body mass index, and subjective health status in both males and females. Conclusions-In adult males, exposure to Hg at higher-than-average levels was positively associated with dyslipidemia. These results provide a basis for targeted prevention strategies for dyslipidemia using lifestyle guidelines for reducing Hg exposure and healthy behavioral interventions.
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14
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Park SJ, Kim MS, Choi SW, Lee HJ. The Relationship of Dietary Pattern and Genetic Risk Score with the Incidence Dyslipidemia: 14-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3840. [PMID: 33339179 PMCID: PMC7765618 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between dietary pattern and genetic risk score (GRS) for dyslipidemia risk among Korean adults. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia defined as total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL and triglyceride ≥200 mg/dL or use dyslipidemia medication. The GRS was calculated by summing the risk alleles of the selected seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to dyslipidemia. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis based on the frequency of 36 food groups, "whole grain and soybean products" pattern, "meat, fish and vegetables" pattern, and "bread and noodle" pattern were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. High intake of a "whole grain and soybean products" pattern decreased risks of hypercholesterolemia (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93, p for trend = 0.0006) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97, p for trend = 0.0344). In the highest tertile of GRS, the "whole grain and soybean products" pattern was inversely related to hypercholesterolemia risk. Therefore, for people with genotypes that can cause hypercholesterolemia, eating whole grains and soybean products may have a meaningful response, these results could be utilized for genome-based nutrition management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Joo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technoloyg, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea;
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea;
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | | | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technoloyg, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea;
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15
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Hannon BA, Edwards CG, Thompson SV, Burke SK, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Teran-Garcia M, Khan NA. Genetic Variants in Lipid Metabolism Pathways Interact with Diet to Influence Blood Lipid Concentrations in Adults with Overweight and Obesity. Lifestyle Genom 2020; 13:155-163. [PMID: 33105144 DOI: 10.1159/000507021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of various types of dietary fat on cardiometabolic health continues to be debated, due in part to the high heterogeneity of results following clinical trials investigating the effects of saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fat intake. This variability may be due to genetic differences. Individuals with obesity are at an increased risk for adverse cardiometabolic health and dyslipidemia, and often present with the combined phenotype of elevated triglyceride (TG) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Studying genetic variants relevant to lipid and lipoprotein metabolism can elucidate the mechanisms by which diet might interact with genotype to influence these phenotypes. The objective of this study was to determine relationships of genetic variation, dietary fat intake, and blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. METHODS Genomic DNA, blood lipid concentrations (HDL and TG), and 7-day diet records were obtained from 101 adults (25-45 years of age) with overweight or obesity. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured using indirect calorimetry and used to determine implausible intakes using a modified Goldberg method (kilocalories/REE). Genetic variants included 23 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 15 genes in lipid metabolism pathways. Variants were analyzed with dietary fat intake (total fat, SFA, monounsaturated fat [MUFA], and polyunsaturated fat [PUFA]) via regression analyses. All models were adjusted for age, sex, ancestry, visceral adipose tissue mass, and total kilocalorie intake. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Two interactions were detected for TG concentrations. Five gene-diet interactions were associated with HDL concentrations. There was a significant interaction detected between the rs5882 variant of cholesterol-esterase transfer protein (CETP) and MUFA intake to associate with TG concentrations (interaction p = 0.004, R2 = 0.306). Among carriers of the CETP-rs5882 major allele (G), TG concentrations were significantly lower in individuals consuming more than the median MUFA intake (31 g/day) than in those with an intake below the median. Total dietary fat intake interacted with the rs13702 polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to associate with HDL concentrations (interaction p = 0.041, R2 = 0.419), by which individuals with the risk allele (G) had significantly higher HDL concentrations when consuming a higher-fat diet (>92 g/day) than those with a lower-fat diet (56 ± 3 vs. 46 ± 2 mg/dL, p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Interactions between dietary intake and genes in lipid metabolism pathways were found to be associated with blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. Fatty acid intake may not modulate blood lipid concentrations uniformly across all individuals. Additional research is needed to determine the biological causes of individual variability in response to dietary intake. Understanding the influence of nutrigenetic interactions on dyslipidemia can aid in the development and implementation of personalized dietary strategies to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Hannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Caitlyn G Edwards
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sharon V Thompson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah K Burke
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, .,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA,
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16
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Acharya P, Uppin V, Zarei M, Talahalli RR. Role of n-3 Fatty Acids on Bile Acid Metabolism and Transport in Dyslipidemia: A Review. Lipids 2020; 56:125-139. [PMID: 33074554 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dietary n-3 fatty acids, especially of marine origin, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), have always been lauded for their profound effects on regulating the risk factors for major metabolic disorders. Yet, their consumption rate is poor compared to n-6 fatty acids [linoleic acid (18:2n-6)], which are predominantly consumed. Hence, the skewed n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio may have a bearing on the risk factors of various diseases, including dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia and other lifestyle diseases associated with it, such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, are a growing concern in both developed and developing countries. A common strategy for addressing dyslipidemia involves bile acid (BA) sequestration, to interrupt the enterohepatic circulation of BA, resulting in the modulation of lipid absorption in the intestine, thereby normalizing the levels of circulating lipids. The BA homeostasis is under the tight control of hepatic and enteric BA transporters. Many investigations have reported the effects of dietary constituents, including certain fatty acids on the reabsorption and transport of BA. However, a critical review of the effects of n-3 fatty acids on BA metabolism and transport is not available. The present review attempts to explore certain unmapped facets of the n-3 fatty acids on BA metabolism and transport in dyslipidemia, and their interplay with biological processes involving lipid rafts and gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysore, Karnataka, 570020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vinayak Uppin
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysore, Karnataka, 570020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mehrdad Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysore, Karnataka, 570020, India
| | - Ramaprasad R Talahalli
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysore, Karnataka, 570020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
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17
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Du X, Zeng X, Zhang J, Pan K, Song L, Zhou J, Zhou L, Xie Y, Sun Q, Ge W, Chen R, Zhao J, Kan H. Ambient fine particulate matter induced the elevation of blood pressure through ACE2/Ang(1-7) pathway: The evidence from urine metabolites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:111044. [PMID: 32888613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Although several mechanisms have been proposed including oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, the exact mechanism is still unknown. Few studies have investigated the mechanism linking PM2.5 and blood pressure (BP). In this study, we measured urinary metabolites and BP -related renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to investigate the associations between ambient PM2.5 exposure and BP in healthy C57BL/6 mice. METHODS The C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ambient concentrated PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) for 16 weeks. Systolic BP and diastolic BP were measured by noninvasive BP system. The urine metabolites were quantified using the untargeted metabolomics approach. The expression of RAAS-related proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2, angiotensin (Ang) II, Ang (1-7) and aldosterone (ALD) were measured using Western blot and ELISA kits. RESULTS The metabolomics analysis demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure induced significant changes of some metabolites in urine, including stress hormones, amino acids, fatty acids, and lipids. Furthermore, there was an elevation of BP, increase of serous Ang II and ALD, along with the decrease of ACE2 and Ang (1-7) in kidney in the PM2.5-exposed mice compared with FA-exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure-induced BP elevation might be associated with RAAS activation. Meanwhile, PM2.5 exposure-induced changes of stress hormone and lipid metabolism might mediate the activation of RAAS. The results suggested that the systemic stress hormone and lipid metabolism was associated with the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Du
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejiao Zeng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wenzhen Ge
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., New York, 10591, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhuo Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Hannon BA, Edwards CG, Thompson SV, Reeser GE, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Teran-Garcia M, Khan NA. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Related to Lipoprotein Metabolism Are Associated with Blood Lipid Changes following Regular Avocado Intake in a Randomized Control Trial among Adults with Overweight and Obesity. J Nutr 2020; 150:1379-1387. [PMID: 32195538 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avocados are rich in unsaturated fat and fiber; clinical trials have investigated their effects on metabolic disease. There is high variability in individual changes following avocado consumption, which may be in part due to individual genetic differences. OBJECTIVE Secondary analyses of the Persea americana for Total Health (PATH) Study were used to examine how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact blood lipid changes following a daily meal containing avocado compared with control. METHODS Adults (n = 115, 37% male) aged 25-45 y with overweight and obesity were randomly assigned to receive a daily isocaloric meal with (intervention) or without (control) a standardized amount (males: 175 g; females: 140 g) of avocado for 12 wk. Control meals were higher in saturated fat (17% of energy compared with 7%) and lower in fiber (4 g compared with 16 g) than intervention meals. Whole venous blood was taken at baseline and 12 wk to determine total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Seventeen SNPs in 10 genes related to lipoprotein metabolism were genotyped. Effects of SNP, diet, and SNP-diet interactions were determined using general linear models. RESULTS No group-by-time effects were detected for changes in TC (P = 0.96), HDL cholesterol (P = 0.28), or TG (P = 0.06) over 12 wk. Three SNP-diet interactions were associated with final TC concentrations: ANGPTL3-rs10889337 (P = 0.01), ANGPTL4-rs2278236 (P = 0.02), and CD36-rs10499859 (P = 0.01). SNPs in GCKR and LPL were associated with TC changes (P = 0.01). The interaction between GCKR-rs1260326 and diet was such that C-homozygotes receiving avocado (n = 23) had final TC concentrations that were significantly lower than the C-homozygotes in the control group (n = 20) (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Results from these exploratory analyses indicate that avocado consumption may help manage dyslipidemia in adults with overweight and obesity; however, effectiveness may differ by genetic profile. Understanding the role of genetic variation in variability following dietary intervention can potentially inform personalized nutrition recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Hannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Caitlyn G Edwards
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sharon V Thompson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ginger E Reeser
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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19
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Zhang FH, Yin RX, Yao LM, Yan RQ, Lu L, Su Y. Correlation Between the APOB rs1042034 SNP and Blood Lipid Characteristics of 2 Ethnic Groups in China. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2019; 25:1076029619892088. [PMID: 31833377 PMCID: PMC7019501 DOI: 10.1177/1076029619892088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein (Apo) B gene (APOB) is a susceptible gene for
dyslipidemia. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the relationship between
the APOB rs1042034 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid
levels in the Maonan and Han populations. A total of 598 Maonan participants and 609 Han
participants were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length
polymorphism, and the genotypes were also verified by sequencing. There were no
differences in genotype and allele frequencies between the 2 ethnic groups or between
males and females. The levels of triglyceride (TG) in Maonans were higher and high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in the A allele carriers than the A allele noncarriers;
the A allele carriers in Hans had higher TG levels and lower ApoA1/ApoB ratio than the A
allele noncarriers (P < .05 for all). Subgroup analysis showed that
the A allele carriers in Maonan females had higher TG levels and the A allele carriers in
Han females had higher TG levels and lower ApoA1/ApoB ratio than the A allele noncarriers
(P < .05 for all). In our study populations, there may be ethnicity-
and/or sex-specific associations between the APOB rs1042034 SNP and serum
lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mei Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Qin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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