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Hiremath MM, Walvekar PR, Baliga SS. Effect of quality and quantity of diet on nutritional status of under-five children residing in the rural area: A longitudinal study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2085-2091. [PMID: 38948567 PMCID: PMC11213436 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1743_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Variety and adequacy of intake of food are required to meet the nutritional needs of the children. Due to poverty/illiteracy, poor families depend on a single food group that is, cereals. Due to the pandemic also, the nutrition of the growing children is affected. Objective To know the effect of quantity and quality of diet on the nutritional status of under-five children. Methodology This study had 270 children aged between 1 and 4 years registered at Anganwadi as study participants. Information on sociodemographic variables, quantity of calories and proteins consumed, quality of diet, and anthropometry of children was collected. Percentages and paired t-tests were used to find the difference between nutritional status and diet at different intervals, which was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Results In our study, we found that as the quantity and quality of diet improved nutritional status, especially weight for age, body mass index (BMI) for age Z score also improved. There was a significant difference between calories consumed at the baseline, 6 months and 1 year with P < 0.05. Protein intake was significant between baseline and six months with P < 0.005. Conclusion Our study found a high percentage of undernutrition and wasting in the under-five population when diet was not sufficient in quality and quantity. As the quality and quantity of diet improved nutritional status also improved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Padmaja Ravindra Walvekar
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KAHER Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Shinsugi C, Takimoto H. Factors associated with physical growth status among children aged 12-59 months in the Japanese National Growth Survey on Preschool Children: A retrospective analysis. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2024; 20 Suppl 2:e13480. [PMID: 36705033 PMCID: PMC10765346 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the factors associated with physical growth status among children aged 12-59 months in Japan. Data from the 2010 National Growth Survey on Preschool Children, a nationwide cross-sectional survey, were used for this analysis (n = 4196). After adjustment for confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analyses showed that boys who were born small-for-gestational-age were more likely to be underweight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 12.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [6.76-23.3], p < 0.001), stunted (aOR: 5.78, 95% CI: [3.48-9.60], p < 0.001) and wasted (aOR: 7.02, 95% CI: [3.30-15.0], p < 0.001), while boys who were large-for-gestational-age were less likely to be stunted (aOR: 0.26, 95% CI: [0.11-0.60], p < 0.01). Girls who were born small-for-gestational-age were more likely to be underweight (aOR: 5.42, 95% CI: [2.73-10.7], p < 0.001), stunted (aOR: 4.04, 95% CI: [2.43-6.73], p < 0.001) and wasted (aOR: 6.27, 95% CI: [2.55-15.4], p < 0.001), while girls who were large-for-gestational age were more likely to be overweight (aOR: 5.90, 95% CI: [1.64-21.3], p < 0.001). Moreover, the following factors were associated with the physical growth status in children: maternal prepregnancy body mass index, complications during pregnancy, continuous breastfeeding, initiation age of complementary feeding, smoking status of the father or those living with the mother during pregnancy and birth order. Further research is needed to expand support for high-risk families and to verify their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Shinsugi
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical InnovationHealth and NutritionTokyoJapan
| | - Hidemi Takimoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical InnovationHealth and NutritionTokyoJapan
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Cheah WL, Law LS, Adibah Z, Nur Afiqah MS, Nur Aiennie L, Nik Noor Arba'iyah NH, Liew ASI, Nimiet NG, Ngu WH, Nur Thaqifah AM. Differences in the food group consumption among university students in Sarawak during the COVID-19 Movement Control Order: A crosssectional study. MALAYSIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS OF MALAYSIA 2023; 18:16. [PMID: 36992961 PMCID: PMC10042248 DOI: 10.51866/oa.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 Movement Control Order (MCO) has caused a concern on the food consumption among university students. This study aimed to assess food diversity and its relationship with accommodation among university students in Sarawak. METHOD This cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the University Malaysia Sarawak in Kota Samarahan during the MCO. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and food diversity were collected using an online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 478 respondents participated in this study. The majority of the respondents were women (77.4%), and almost half were Malays (49.6%). Half of the respondents stayed at home with their family, while 36.4% stayed in their college dormitories. Except for legumes, nuts and seeds and milk and milk products, all other food groups were common in the respondents' diet, with the highest consumption observed from cereal and cereal products, followed by meat and meat products and water. One-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in the intake of fish and seafood; legumes, nuts and seeds; milk and milk products; and fruits between those who stayed in college dormitories, at home with their families and in rented houses (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Despite reduction in food availability and accessibility, the total energy intake of the university students did not change. University students should be continuously educated on the importance of a balanced diet consisting of all food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whye Lian Cheah
- BSc (UPM), MSc (UNIMAS), PhD (USM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Leh Shii Law
- BSc (UPM), MSc (UPM), PhD (UPM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Zamrie Adibah
- MD students Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Samsudin Nur Afiqah
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Liasin Nur Aiennie
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nik Hassan Nik Noor Arba'iyah
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Audre Siew Ing Liew
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nathalie Grace Nimiet
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Wee Hui Ngu
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Manap Nur Thaqifah
- MD students, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Okuda M, Fujiwara A, Sasaki S. Adherence to the Japanese Food Guide: The Association between Three Scoring Systems and Cardiometabolic Risks in Japanese Adolescents. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010043. [PMID: 35010915 PMCID: PMC8746488 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST) indicates optimal intake of five food groups (grain, fish and meat, vegetables, milk, and fruits) and sugar and confectionaries. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to the JFGST in 8th grade junior high school students (n = 3162) was associated with cardiometabolic risks and how different scorings of the JFGST influenced the associations. Metabolic risks were assessed from anthropometrics, blood pressure measurements, and blood glucose and lipid profile measurements. Three types of scoring adherent to the JFGST were analyzed (10 points were given for each item with optimal intake; range: 0–60): the original scoring (ORG scoring); first modified scoring, which had no upper limits for vegetables and fruits (MOD1 scoring); and MOD2 scoring without upper limits for five dishes (MOD2 scoring). The MOD2 scoring was positively associated with dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, and vitamins. All types of scorings were associated with low glucose levels (p ≤ 0.001); the MOD2 scoring was associated with low systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001) and low cardiometabolic risk (p = 0.003). Our findings suggest that Japanese adolescents adherent to the JFGST had low cardiometabolic risks and should not fall below lower limits for intake of the abovementioned five food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Okuda
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube 755-8505, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-836-22-2231
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, The National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan;
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
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Teixeira B, Afonso C, Rodrigues S, Oliveira A. Healthy and Sustainable Dietary Patterns in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:1144-1185. [PMID: 34850824 PMCID: PMC9340991 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for adherence to a healthy and sustainable dietary pattern in the pediatric stage is discussed worldwide, being linked to a progressive incidence of noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. The aims of this systematic review were to summarize the healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns, defined a priori, described in the literature for use during the pediatric stage; to evaluate the adherence to these dietary patterns; and identify the health-related benefits associated with adherence to these patterns. A literature search was carried out on Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2010 up to 2021, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 128 articles were included according to the following criteria: participants 2-17 y old, healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns defined by an a priori methodology; articles written in English or Portuguese; and published since 2010. Fifty instruments with 14 adaptations that measure adherence to healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns in children and adolescents were found. The Mediterranean Diet was the most studied dietary pattern. Adherence to healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns has wide variations worldwide. Most of the instruments described have been little studied at pediatric ages, reducing the ability to extrapolate results. Higher adherence to these dietary patterns was associated with lower body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, and metabolic risk. There is no consensus regarding the association with BMI. No studies have proofs of the sustainability characteristics of these instruments, it being necessary to produce a new sustainable instrument or test the association of the previous ones with, for example, the ecological footprint. Further validations of these instruments in each country and more prospective studies are needed to establish temporal relations with health-related outcomes. This systematic review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ as CRD42020221788.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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