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Kuźniar J, Kozubek P, Gomułka K. Differences in the Course, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Food Allergies Depending on Age-Comparison of Children and Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1317. [PMID: 38732564 PMCID: PMC11085589 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) has become a common global public health issue, with a growing prevalence in the modern world and a significant impact on the lives of patients, their families, and caregivers. It affects every area of life and is associated with elevated costs. Food allergy is an adverse immune reaction that occurs in response to a given food. The symptoms vary from mild to severe and can lead to anaphylaxis. This is why it is important to focus on the factors influencing the occurrence of food allergies, specific diagnostic methods, effective therapies, and especially prevention. Recently, many guidelines have emphasized the impact of introducing specific foods into a child's diet at an early age in order to prevent food allergies. Childhood allergies vary with age. In infants, the most common allergy is to cow's milk. Later in life, peanut allergy is more frequently diagnosed. Numerous common childhood allergies can be outgrown by adulthood. Adults can also develop new IgE-mediated FA. The gold standard for diagnosis is the oral provocation test. Skin prick tests, specific IgE measurements, and component-resolved diagnostic techniques are helpful in the diagnosis. Multiple different approaches are being tried as possible treatments, such as immunotherapy or monoclonal antibodies. This article focuses on the prevention and quality of life of allergic patients. This article aims to systematize the latest knowledge and highlight the differences between food allergies in pediatric and adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kuźniar
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kozubek
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Gomułka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Nagata A, Onishi K, Masumoto T, Nakagawa T, Ishitsuka K, Kurozawa Y. Early childhood neurodevelopmental milestones in children with allergic diseases: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Sci Rep 2024; 14:6460. [PMID: 38499597 PMCID: PMC10948893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential link between early childhood allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental milestone attainment during the first 3 years of life. Utilizing data from a large-scale prospective birth cohort study in Japan, encompassing 87,986 children, we examined physician-diagnosed and caregiver-reported allergic conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and food allergy (FA). Neurodevelopmental milestones were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 years of age. Stabilized inverse probability-weighted generalized estimating equation models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs). Our analysis revealed no significant association of AD and asthma with delay in communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social skills during the initial 3 years of life. However, children with FA showed an increased likelihood of experiencing gross motor delay compared with that shown by those without FA (weighted adjusted OR: 1.14). Despite this, no significant association of FA with other developmental domains was observed. Early childhood allergies may not influence neurodevelopmental delays. However, there is a potential association between FA and delays, specifically in gross motor skills, that warrants routine developmental monitoring and additional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Nagata
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazunari Onishi
- Division of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, 3-6-2 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Toshio Masumoto
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazue Ishitsuka
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Huang H, Zhang KP, Sun KK, Yu G. Association between type 2 inflammatory diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in low-birth-weight children and adolescents. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1292071. [PMID: 38455122 PMCID: PMC10918750 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1292071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence of the association of certain neurodevelopmental disorder with specific type 2 inflammatory (T2) disease has been found. However, the association of various neurodevelopmental disorders with T2 diseases as a whole remains unclear in low-birth-weight (LBW) infants. Objective To evaluate the association of type 2 inflammatory (T2) diseases with intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and learning disability (LD) in LBW children and adolescents. Methods The study sample was derived from 2005 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey sample child files. LBW children and adolescents aged 3-17 were included. History of T2 diseases (including asthma and atopic dermatitis) and four neurodevelopmental disorders were reported by adults in families. The relationship between T2 diseases and the risk of four neurodevelopmental disorders was investigated through multiple-weighted logistic regression. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, region, highest education in family and ratio of family income to the poverty threshold were adjusted as covariates for model estimation. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age stratification (3-11 and 12-17 years), sex (male and female), and race (white and non-white). Results 11,260 LBW children aged 3-17 years [mean age (SE), 9.73 (0.05) years] were included, in which 3,191 children had T2 diseases. History of T2 diseases was associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, with an OR of 1.35 (95% CI, 0.99-1.84) for ID, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.05-2.05) for ASD, 1.81 (95% CI, 1.51-2.16) for ADHD, and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.49-2.04) for LD following the adjustment of all the covariates. The correlations between T2 disorders and each of the four neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly different by sex and race (all P for interaction < 0.001), and no differences were found in age stratification (all P for interaction > 0.05). Conclusion In a nationally representative sample of children, we found a significant association of T2 diseases with ASD, ADHD, and LD, even after adjusting for demographic baseline. We also found that the association of T2 disease with neurodevelopmental disorders differed between sex and race. Further investigation is needed to evaluate causal relationships and elucidate their potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kelvin Pengyuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Karol Kexin Sun
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guangjun Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Big Data in Pediatric Precision Medicine, Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Sztandera-Tymoczek M, Szuster-Ciesielska A. Fungal Aeroallergens-The Impact of Climate Change. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050544. [PMID: 37233255 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of allergic diseases worldwide is rapidly increasing, making allergies a modern pandemic. This article intends to review published reports addressing the role of fungi as causative agents in the development of various overreactivity-related diseases, mainly affecting the respiratory tract. After presenting the basic information on the mechanisms of allergic reactions, we describe the impact of fungal allergens on the development of the allergic diseases. Human activity and climate change have an impact on the spread of fungi and their plant hosts. Particular attention should be paid to microfungi, i.e., plant parasites that may be an underestimated source of new allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sztandera-Tymoczek
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Huber F, Schulz J, Schlack R, Hölling H, Ravens-Sieberer U, Meyer T, Rothenberger A, Wang B, Becker A. Long-term changes in serum levels of lipoproteins in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:597-609. [PMID: 36826608 PMCID: PMC10050056 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 5% of children worldwide. The causal mechanisms of ADHD remain unclear as the aetiology of this disorder seems to be multifactorial. One research field addresses the impact on lipid metabolism and particularly serum lipid fractions on the development of ADHD symptoms. This post hoc analysis aimed to investigate long-term changes in serum levels of lipoproteins in children and adolescents with ADHD and controls. Data of German children and adolescents from the nationwide and representative "Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurvey (KiGGS)" study were analysed at baseline and at a ten-year follow-up. At the two time points, participants in the control group were compared with those in the ADHD group, both before and after propensity score matching. Differences in total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and triglycerides were assessed between matched children with and without ADHD. In addition, subgroups with versus without methylphenidate use were compared at both time points. At baseline before matching, there were no significant differences for lipid parameters between participants in the ADHD group (n = 1,219) and the control group (n = 9,741): total cholesterol (Exp(ß) = 0.999, 95%-CI 0.911-1.094, p = .979), LDL (Exp(ß) = 0.967, 95%-CI 0.872-1.071, p = .525), HDL (Exp(ß) = 1.095, 95%-CI 0.899-1.331, p = .366) and triglycerides (Exp(ß) = 1.038, 95%-CI 0.948-1.133, p = .412). Propensity score matching confirmed the non-significant differences between the ADHD and non-ADHD group at baseline. At the 10-year follow-up, n = 571 participants fulfilled complete inclusion criteria, among them 268 subjects were classified as ADHD. The two groups did not significantly differ in lipid fractions, neither cross-sectionally nor with regard to long-term changes. There was also no significant difference between methylphenidate subgroups. In this sample of children and adolescents we could not reveal any significant associations between serum lipid fractions and the diagnosis of ADHD, neither cross-sectionally nor longitudinally; even when methylphenidate use was considered. Thus, further studies using larger sample sizes are required to investigate putative long-term changes in serum lipid fractions related to ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Huber
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Schulz
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Schlack
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Unit Mental Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Unit Mental Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aribert Rothenberger
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Biyao Wang
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Becker
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Pelsser L, Stobernack T, Frankena K. Physical Complaints Decrease after Following a Few-Foods Diet in Children with ADHD. Nutrients 2022; 14:3036. [PMID: 35893890 PMCID: PMC9332265 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms may significantly decrease after following a few-foods diet (FFD). The results of a small randomised controlled trial (RCT) showed that co-occurring physical complaints in children with ADHD decreased as well. To further investigate the effect of an FFD on physical complaints, we analysed unpublished data from previously published studies (i.e., 'Impact of Nutrition on Children with ADHD' [INCA], an RCT, and 'Biomarker Research in ADHD: the Impact of Nutrition' [BRAIN], an open-label trial). In both trials, the association between an FFD, ADHD, and 21 individual physical complaints was assessed. Children either followed a 5-week FFD (the INCA FFD group and BRAIN participants) or received healthy food advice (the INCA control group). The ADHD rating scale and a physical complaint questionnaire were filled in at the start and end of the trials. The INCA results showed, for 10 of 21 complaints, a clinically relevant reduction in the FFD group compared to the control group. The open-label BRAIN results confirmed the outcomes of the FFD group. No association was detected between the decrease in physical complaints and the decrease in ADHD symptoms. The results point toward an association between the FFD and a decrease in thermoregulation problems, gastrointestinal complaints, eczema, and sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidy Pelsser
- ADHD Research Centre, 5624 JE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Stobernack
- Department of Animal Science, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Klaas Frankena
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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