1
|
Bakhsh JA, Vidmar AP, Salvy SJ. Intermittent Fasting in Youth: A Scoping Review. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4524102. [PMID: 39011109 PMCID: PMC11247931 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4524102/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) focuses on the timing of eating rather than diet quality or energy intake, with evidence supporting its effects on weight loss and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults. However, there is limited evidence for its efficacy in adolescents and emerging adults. To address this, a scoping review examined IF regimens in individuals aged 10 to 25, focusing on methodology, intervention parameters, outcomes, adherence, feasibility, and efficacy. The review included 39 studies with 731 participants aged 15 to 25. Methodologies varied, with 18 studies on time-restricted eating and others requiring caloric restriction. Primary outcomes included cardiometabolic risk factors (11/29), body composition (9/29), anthropometric measurements (8/29), and feasibility (2/29). Most studies reported significant weight loss. This review underscores IF's potential in treating obesity in this age group but highlights the need for rigorous studies with standardized frameworks for feasibility to ensure comparability and determine IF's practicality in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jomanah A Bakhsh
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California
| | - Alaina P Vidmar
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassan NH, Saleh D, Abo El-Khair SM, Almasry SM, Ibrahim A. The relation between autophagy modulation by intermittent fasting and aquaporin 2 expression in experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy in albino rat. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102395. [PMID: 38692159 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Polyuria is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy (DN) that produces dehydration in diabetic patients. This could be caused by alteration of renal aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expression. This study aimed to describe the relation between autophagy modulation via intermittent fasting (IF) and renal AQP2 expression and polyuria in case of DN. We divided the rats into control, DN and IF groups. After 2 and 4 weeks of diabetes induction, blood glucose (BG), serum creatinine (Scr), urine volume, and 24 hours urine protein (UP) were examined. Diabetic nephropathy histopathological index (DNHI) was calculated to evaluate histopathological changes. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to measure the levels of AQP2 and the autophagy marker; LC3 in kidney tissue. DNHI was correlated to the PCR and immunoexpression of AQP2 and LC3. Intermittent fasting significantly decreased the BG, Scr, urine volume, 24 hours UP, and DNHI as compared diabetes. Diabetes significantly elevated the immunoreactivity and mRNA expression levels of AQP2 and LC3 as compared to the control. However, the IF decreased AQP2 and stimulated autophagy in cyclic fashion. Our data revealed significant positive correlations between AQP2 and LC3 at the level of immunoexpression and mRNA at 2nd weeks. Taken together, these data showed that autophagy stimulation didn't regulate AQP2 expression in case of diabetic nephropathy, however IF decreased polyuria through improvement of glycemic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Hisham Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Dalia Saleh
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Salwa M Abo El-Khair
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Shaima M Almasry
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Amira Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cadena-Ullauri S, Guevara-Ramírez P, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Zambrano-Villacres R, Simancas-Racines D, Zambrano AK. The effect of intermittent fasting on microbiota as a therapeutic approach in obesity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1393292. [PMID: 38725575 PMCID: PMC11079193 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1393292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a public health challenge, arises from a complex interplay of factors such as dietary habits and genetic predisposition. Alterations in gut microbiota, characterized by an imbalance between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, further exacerbate metabolic dysregulation, promoting inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Intermittent fasting (IF) emerges as a promising dietary strategy showing efficacy in weight management and favoring fat utilization. Studies have used mice as animal models to demonstrate the impact of IF on gut microbiota composition, highlighting enhanced metabolism and reduced inflammation. In humans, preliminary evidence suggests that IF promotes a healthy microbiota profile, with increased richness and abundance of beneficial bacterial strains like Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. However, further clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and elucidate the long-term effects of IF on microbiota and obesity. Future research should focus on specific tissues and cells, the use of advanced -omics techniques, and exploring the interaction of IF with other dietary patterns, to analyze microbiota composition, gene expression, and potential synergistic effects for enhanced metabolic health. While preliminary evidence supports the potential benefits of IF in obesity management and microbiota regulation, further research with diverse populations and robust methodologies is necessary to understand its implications and optimize personalized dietary interventions. This review explores the potential impact of IF on gut microbiota and its intricate relationship with obesity. Specifically, we will focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms through which IF affects microbiota composition, as well as its subsequent effects on obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Şentürk E, Yıldız M, Şentürk M, Varol E, Yildirim MS, Yilmaz DA, Atay ME. Investigation of the effect of Ramadan fasting on serum levels of melatonin, cortisol, and serotonin: the case of Turkey. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:1073-1077. [PMID: 37737915 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on melatonin, cortisol, and serotonin levels. METHODS In this study, the blood of 19 healthy male individuals between the ages of 26 and 51, registered in Agri (Turkey) Family Health Center and fasting during Ramadan, was studied. The study was carried out in 2021-2022. The SPSS-22 package program was used in the analysis of the data. Wilcoxon analysis was used in the study. RESULTS It was determined that the pre-test-post-test melatonin and cortisol levels of the individuals were not statistically significant (p>0.05). It was determined that the pre-test-post-test serotonin difference of the individuals was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION It has been determined that Ramadan fasting increases the serotonin level of individuals but does not change the levels of melatonin and cortisol. It was determined that the level of happiness of individuals increased after Ramadan fasting. Longitudinal studies on the effects of Ramadan fasting are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Şentürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Metin Yıldız
- Department of Nursing, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Murat Şentürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Ela Varol
- Department of Nursing, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University School of Health, Agri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Yildirim
- Vocational School of Health Services, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University School of Health, Agri, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Emin Atay
- Vocational School of Health Services, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University School of Health, Agri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ranjbar M, Shab-Bidar S, Rostamian A, Mohammadi H, Djafarian K. The effects of intermittent fasting diet on quality of life, clinical symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:168. [PMID: 38443945 PMCID: PMC10916248 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known as a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily targets synovial joints, and may cause pain and functional limitations. Studies show diet can have beneficial effects on symptoms and oxidative stress of this disease. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a dietary approach with cycles of fasting and intake. The current study aims to investigate the effect of IF on quality of life, clinical symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese postmenopausal women with RA. METHODS The current study is a randomized clinical trial, in which 44 patients with mild to moderate severity of RA will be randomly allocated to receive either IF (n = 22) or the usual diet (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures and biochemical indicators including serum concentrations of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), c-reactive protein (CRP), and total oxidant and antioxidant capacity (TOC and TAC) will be assessed at the baseline and end of the study. Also, disease severity will be assessed by Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) and clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and disability index will be assessed by Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) questionnaire. DISCUSSION Studies show fasting has beneficial effects on inflammatory markers and results in an improvement in the health of different populations. Literature review shows it seems there is no study in this field to evaluate the effects of IF on RA patients, and they are limited to other types of fasting. However, studies show IF can have many positive effects on chronic and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, IF may have positive effects on these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20230217057441N1. Registered on 14 February 2023. https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/68669 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ranjbar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Institute, Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Rostamian
- Rheumatology Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Institute, Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pavlidou E, Papadopoulou SK, Fasoulas A, Papaliagkas V, Alexatou O, Chatzidimitriou M, Mentzelou M, Giaginis C. Diabesity and Dietary Interventions: Evaluating the Impact of Mediterranean Diet and Other Types of Diets on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Management. Nutrients 2023; 16:34. [PMID: 38201865 PMCID: PMC10780530 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabesity, the intersection of obesity and diabetes, presents a global health crisis with profound implications. Addressing diabesity requires multifaceted strategies, with diet playing a pivotal role. Over the last 15 years, clinical studies have intensified their exploration of various dietary approaches in diabesity management. This literature review aims to synthesize findings from clinical studies conducted in the last 15 years, shedding light on the efficacy, mechanisms, and nuances of different diet types in diabesity management with special focus on the Mediterranean diet (MD). METHODS Thorough research of academic databases yielded a collection of relevant clinical studies. These studies encompassed a range of dietary strategies, including the MD, low-carbohydrate diets, plant-based diets, high-protein diets, low-fat regimens, and intermittent fasting. Key findings, methodologies, and outcomes were thoroughly extracted and analyzed. RESULTS The last 15 years have witnessed considerable improvements in recognizing the role of human nutritional habits in diabesity management. The MD appears to be the most well-recognized diet, exerting favorable effects against both obesity and diabetes. Low-carbohydrate diets were found to enhance glycemic regulation and decrease insulin resistance. Plant-based diets demonstrated potential benefits in weight management and cardiometabolic health. High-protein, low-fat dietary models exhibited positive effects on satiety and body weight decline. Intermittent fasting regimens also exerted metabolic improvements and body weight decline. Personalization emerged as a crucial factor in dietary recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Clinical studies from the last 15 years underscore the intricate relationship between diet types and diabesity management. The above results contribute to an increasing body of evidence, emphasizing the need for tailored dietary approaches and especially the MD. Healthcare providers can utilize this knowledge to offer personalized dietary recommendations for individuals with diabesity, potentially curbing the rise of these twin epidemics and improving the well-being of affected populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (A.F.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Fasoulas
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (A.F.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Vasileios Papaliagkas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (A.F.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Chatzidimitriou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (A.F.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (A.F.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Popa AD, Niță O, Gherasim A, Enache AI, Caba L, Mihalache L, Arhire LI. A Scoping Review of the Relationship between Intermittent Fasting and the Human Gut Microbiota: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Nutrients 2023; 15:2095. [PMID: 37432222 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) has been promoted as an alternative to dietary caloric restriction for the treatment of obesity. IF restricts the amount of food consumed and improves the metabolic balance by synchronizing it with the circadian rhythm. Dietary changes have a rapid effect on the gut microbiota, modulating the interaction between meal timing and host circadian rhythms. Our paper aims to review the relationships between IF and human gut microbiota. In this study, the primary area of focus was the effect of IF on the diversity and composition of gut microbiota and its relationship with weight loss and metabolomic alterations, which are particularly significant for metabolic syndrome characteristics. We discussed each of these findings according to the type of IF involved, i.e., time-restricted feeding, Ramadan fasting, alternate-day fasting, and the 5:2 diet. Favorable metabolic effects regarding the reciprocity between IF and gut microbiota changes have also been highlighted. In conclusion, IF may enhance metabolic health by modifying the gut microbiota. However additional research is required to draw definitive conclusions about this outcome because of the limited number and diverse designs of existing studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Delia Popa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Otilia Niță
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Gherasim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Armand Iustinian Enache
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lavinia Caba
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihalache
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lidia Iuliana Arhire
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Casanova A, Wevers A, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. Mitochondria: It is all about energy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1114231. [PMID: 37179826 PMCID: PMC10167337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium homeostasis to the production of hormones and neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable and influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, the nucleus, and the outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk mechanisms between mitochondria and circadian clocks, the gut microbiota, and the immune system. They might even be the hub supporting and integrating activity across all these domains. Hence, they might be the (missing) link in both health and disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding the mitochondrial mechanisms of action that allow for the maintenance of mitochondrial health and the pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although mitochondria have allowed us to adapt to changes over the course of evolution, in turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences mitochondria in its own way. The use of physiological stress triggers tolerance to the stressor, achieving adaptability and resistance. This review describes strategies that could recover mitochondrial functioning in multiple diseases, providing a comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach to recovering health and treating people suffering from chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amaloha Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Wevers
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chrysi MS, Michopoulos I, Dimitriadis G, Peppa M. A modern web-based health promotion program for patients in Greece with diabetes 2 and obesity: an interventional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:639. [PMID: 37013500 PMCID: PMC10069363 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health promotion programs are most beneficial in chronic diseases such as diabetes and morbid obesity, which can be positively affected by changes in attitudes, beliefs, and lifestyle. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop an internet-based modern Health Promotion model using interactive online applications through continuing education and participation. METHODS The goal was to positively impact knowledge, behavior, and quality of life for patients with obesity and/or diabetes. This is a prospective interventional study on patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Seventeen two patients who met the inclusion criteria were distributed randomly into two groups (control and intervention) from 2019 to 2021 in Greece. All the participants were given questionaries concerning quality of life anxiety and depression (HADS) attitudes and beliefs, knowledge about their condition and general questions to establish a baseline. A traditional health promotion model was followed for the control group. For participants in the intervention group, a web-based health promotion program was created according to the goals of the research. Participants were instructed to log on 1-2 times a week for 5-15 min, with the understanding that the research team would be monitoring their activities. The website included two knowledge games and personalized educational material based on their needs. RESULTS The sample comprised 72 patients (36 in control and 36 in the intervention groups). The mean age was 47.8 years for the control group and 42.7 years for the intervention group (p = 0.293). Both study groups had a significant increase in knowledge score on diabetes (Control group:3,24, Intervention group 11,88 p < 0,001) and obesity (Control group:4,9, Intervention group 51,63 p < 0,001) along with a positive attitude score towards fighting obesity (Control group: 1,8, Intervention group 13,6 p < 0,001). Still, the overall change was more remarkable for the intervention group, as indicated by the significant interaction effect of the analysis. Anxiety was decreased only in the intervention group (Control group:0,11, Intervention group - 0,17 p < 0,005). Analysis for QOL during follow-up showed that Physical Health and Level of Independence was improved in both study groups but the degree of improvement was more significant in the intervention group (Control group 0,31,Intervention group 0,73 p < 0,001). Psychological Health was improved only in the intervention group, with better scores at 6 and 12 months compared to controls (Control group 0,28,Intervention group 1,42 p < 0,001). Furthermore, Social relationships were improved only in the intervention group (Control group 0,02, Intervention group 0,56 p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study showed that the participants in the intervention group showed significant improvement in knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs after using the internet as a learning tool. The intervention group also showed significantly reduced anxiety and depression arising from chronic illness. All of this resulted in an improved quality of life regarding physical Health, mental Health, and social relationships. Technology and online-based health promotion programs can revolutionize how we approach the prevention and management of chronic and terminal illnesses by improving accessibility, personalizing care, increasing engagement and motivation, improving data analysis, and disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Chrysi
- Intensive Care Unit, Hellenic Anticancer Institute, "Saint Savvas" Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Michopoulos
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Athens University Medical School, Athens, 12462, Greece
| | - George Dimitriadis
- 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Athens University Medical School, Athens, 12462, Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Univeristy Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Melpomeni Peppa
- 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Athens University Medical School, Athens, 12462, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Association between Meal Frequency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Adults: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061348. [PMID: 36986079 PMCID: PMC10056094 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet frequency may potentially influence metabolic health. However, general population-based evidence on the association between meal frequency and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between meal frequency and T2DM in resource limited area. A total of 29,405 qualified participants were enrolled from the Henan rural cohort study. Data on meal frequency were collected through a validated face-to-face questionnaire survey. Logistic regression models were utilized to explore the association between meal frequency and T2DM. Compared with 21 times per week meal frequency group, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were 0.75 (0.58, 0.95) and 0.70 (0.54, 0.90) for 16–20 times/week group and 14–15 times/week group, respectively. For the analysis of the three meals, significant associations were only found between dinner frequency and T2DM. Compared with seven times per week dinner group, the ORs (95%CIs) were 0.66 (0.42, 0.99) and 0.51 (0.29, 0.82) for the group with three to six times/week and zero to two times/week. Reduced meal frequency, especially dinner frequency, was associated with lower prevalence of T2DM, which suggests that an appropriate reduction in meal frequency per week may have a role in decreasing the risk of T2DM.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Q, Li M, Liu J, Zhang L, Yuan R, Xu Y, Zheng J, Cao S, Dai H, Liao M, Lv M, Chen X, Guo Y, Xie X, Zhang L, Chen X, Liang W. Intermittent fasting ameliorates neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive impairment in mice after traumatic brain injury. Nutrition 2023; 109:111992. [PMID: 36871445 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.111992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly characterized form of programmed cell death that results from lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction, has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Scientific evidence has shown that intermittent fasting (IF) reduces both the lipid peroxidation and the mitochondrial dysfunction, raising the question of whether IF affects the ferroptosis induced by TBI. Here, based on an established TBI animal model, we examine the effects of IF on the activation of ferroptosis pathway as well as related outcomes. We uncovered that a 1-mo IF elevated the protective Gpx4 and Hspb1 expression, and partly abolished the increase of Nfe2l2, Slc7a11, Alox8, Steap3, and Nox2 in the cortex, which were induced by TBI. Furthermore, the characteristic cellular damage induced by ferroptosis was alleviated by IF, as revealed by Perls' Prussian blue staining, Nissl staining, and transmission electron microscope examination. Consistently, we examined the outcomes of mice subjected to TBI and found an improved cognitive function of the IF mice. In sum, our study demonstrated, to our knowledge for the first time, that a 1-mo IF regimen partly ameliorates ferroptosis in the cortex of mice subjected to TBI, which potentially contributes to a lessening of cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Yang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manrui Li
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Yang Xu
- Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Shuqiang Cao
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Liao
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meili Lv
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Xiameng Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weibo Liang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen S, Han R, Liu H. A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Intermittent Fasting. Front Public Health 2022; 10:946795. [PMID: 35875030 PMCID: PMC9298749 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.946795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CiteSpace software was utilized to visually analyze the literature on intermittent fasting from Web of Science from 2000 to 2020 in order to reveal the current status, research hotspots and emerging trends of intermittent fasting. The results show that: (1) intermittent fasting research results are increasing year by year; (2) the United States is at the core of this field and has a high influence; (3) intermittent fasting research is mainly concentrated in the fields of nutrition, cell biology and kinesiology, which embodies interdisciplinary characteristics; (4) the literature of Sutton, Mattson and Trepanowski that were published in the same period have the highest co-citation frequencies, however, their research perspectives are quite different, reflecting that the research in this field is still in a state of continuous development; (5) from the perspective of citation bursts, the evolution of research hotspots in this field in the last 20 years can be divided into 3 stages; (6) the keyword timeline mapping shows that time restricted feeding is at the forefront of this research field. This study can help researchers explore the field for the first time to quickly grasp the frontiers and obtain more valuable data, thereby providing facilitation for the follow-up research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Chen
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rui Han
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Research Center for Sports Reform and Development, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Research Center for Sports Reform and Development, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fasting in mood disorders and its potential therapeutic aspects -narrative review. CURRENT PROBLEMS OF PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/cpp-2022-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Fasting is defined as a period of voluntary abstinence from eating food for religious, therapeutic or political reasons, which is associated with a reduction in the supply of sources (kilocalories) to the body. There are different types of fasting, including short, long or intermittent fasting. It has been shown that the use of different types of fasting can influence the occurrence of mood disorders. The aim of this review was to search for the relationship between the use of fasting and mood disorders and its potential use as a therapeutic method.
Material and method: The available literature was reviewed by searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: fasting, intermittent fasting, mood disorders, depression, Ramadan, for studies listed from database inception to November 2021.
Results: A review of the collected scientific articles indicates that the dietary restrictions, including both daily restriction of caloric consumption and the use of intermittent fasting (IF), has potentially numerous health benefits in the co-treatment of mental diseases. However, due to conflicting results, further clinical trials in mentally ill people should be conducted. It is worth remembering that among patients with mental illnesses there are somatically ill. IF in these people may require additional nutritional modifications or discontinuation of therapy.
Conclusions: Dietary restriction and fasting are promising methods in co-therapy of mood disorders treatment. However, implementing therapy needs earlier individual evaluation of their benefits and risk, the same as patient’s feasibility of implementing this type of intervention.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cui J, Lee S, Sun Y, Zhang C, Hill MA, Li Y, Zhang H. Alternate Day Fasting Improves Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Mice: Role of Adipose-Derived Hormones. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:925080. [PMID: 35711339 PMCID: PMC9196729 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.925080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intermittent fasting, including alternate day fasting (ADF), has grown in popularity as it can produce clinically significant metabolic benefits and is often considered to be easier to adhere to than other types of diets such as chronic calorie restriction. However, the effects of ADF on diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction, and the role of adipose-derived hormones, i.e., adipokines, in mediating its effects, remain largely unknown. Objective We aimed to test the hypothesis that ADF protects against diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction, at least partly through modulating adipokine profiles. Methods Control mice (m Lepr db ) and diabetic mice (Leprdb ) were treated with 12-weeks of ADF. Glucose metabolism, endothelial function, and adipokine profile were assessed. Results ADF reduced fasting blood glucose level and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and improved insulin sensitivity. ADF improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of small mesenteric arteries (SMA) of Leprdb mice. The improvement in endothelial function was largely attenuated by incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME. These ADF-induced metabolic and vascular benefits were accompanied by increased circulating adiponectin. Adenovirus-mediated adiponectin supplementation improved endothelial function in Leprdb mice, supporting endothelial protective roles in diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction. Protein tyrosine nitration is a post-translational modification that serves as a marker of oxidative stress. Nitrotyrosine protein levels in SMA and mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) were elevated in Leprdb mice. ADF reduced nitrotyrosine protein in SMA, but not in MAT, of Leprdb mice. Conclusion ADF exerts metabolic and endothelial protective benefits. The improvement of endothelial function was partly mediated by increased adiponectin, representing an important mechanism for the beneficial vascular effects resulting from ADF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Sewon Lee
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Division of Sport Science, College of Arts and Physical Education, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cuihua Zhang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Michael A. Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiometabolic Genomics Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Novel Biomolecules in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 2.0. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084364. [PMID: 35457182 PMCID: PMC9031541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become a major public health problem and one of the most discussed issues in modern obstetrics. GDM is associated with serious adverse perinatal outcomes and long-term health consequences for both the mother and child. Currently, the importance and purposefulness of finding a biopredictor that will enable the identification of women with an increased risk of developing GDM as early as the beginning of pregnancy are highly emphasized. Both “older” molecules, such as adiponectin and leptin, and “newer” adipokines, including fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), have proven to be of pathophysiological importance in GDM. Therefore, in our previous review, we presented 13 novel biomolecules, i.e., galectins, growth differentiation factor-15, chemerin, omentin-1, osteocalcin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin, irisin, apelin, FABP4, fibroblast growth factor 21, and lipocalin-2. The purpose of this review is to present the potential and importance of another nine lesser known molecules in the pathogenesis of GDM, i.e., 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), angiopoietin-like protein-8 (ANGPTL-8), nesfatin-1, afamin, adropin, fetuin-A, zonulin, secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs), and amylin. It seems that two of them, fetuin-A and zonulin in high serum levels, may be applied as biopredictors of GDM.
Collapse
|
16
|
Moore MP, Wieschhaus NE, Alessi IG. The impact of time-restricted feeding in combination with aerobic exercise on weight gain and markers of hepatic metabolism. J Physiol 2022; 600:2277-2278. [PMID: 35362100 DOI: 10.1113/jp283020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Moore
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nicole E Wieschhaus
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211
| | | |
Collapse
|