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Tang L, Liu J, Yang H, Zhao HQ, Hu C, Ma SJ, Qing YH, Yang L, Zhou RR, Zhang SH. Microbiome Metabolomic Analysis of the Anxiolytic Effect of Baihe Dihuang Decoction in a Rat Model of Chronic Restraint Stress. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2227-2248. [PMID: 38882046 PMCID: PMC11180446 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s458983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Baihe Dihuang decoction (BDD) is a representative traditional Chinese medicinal formula that has been used to treat anxiety disorders for thousands of years. This study aimed to reveal mechanisms of anxiolytic effects of BDD with multidimensional omics. Methods First, 28-day chronic restraint stress (CRS) was used to create a rat model of anxiety, and the open field test and elevated plus maze were used to assess anxiety-like behavior. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate inflammatory response. Besides, 16S rRNA gene sequencing assessed fecal microbiota composition and differential microbiota. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of feces was performed to determine fecal biomarkers, and targeted metabolomics was used to observe the levels of hippocampus neurotransmitters. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine relationships among gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and neurotransmitters. Results BDD significantly improved anxiety-like behaviors in CRS-induced rats and effectively ameliorated hippocampal neuronal damage and abnormal activation of hippocampal microglia. It also had a profound effect on the diversity of microbiota, as evidenced by significant changes in the abundance of 10 potential microbial biomarkers at the genus level. Additionally, BDD led to significant alterations in 18 fecal metabolites and 12 hippocampal neurotransmitters, with the majority of the metabolites implicated in amino acid metabolism pathways such as D-glutamine and D-glutamate, alanine, arginine and proline, and tryptophan metabolism. Furthermore, Pearson analysis showed a strong link among gut microbiota, metabolites, and neurotransmitters during anxiety and BDD treatment. Conclusion BDD can effectively improve anxiety-like behaviors by regulating the gut-brain axis, including gut microbiota and metabolite modification, suppression of hippocampal neuronal inflammation, and regulation of neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Hospital-Made Preparations Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Medical Innovation Experiment Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Medical Innovation Experiment Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qing Zhao
- Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Jing Ma
- The Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Qing
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hospital-Made Preparations Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shui-Han Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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2
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Jung Y, Lee T, Oh HS, Hyun Y, Song S, Chun J, Kim HW. Gut microbial and clinical characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder differ depending on the ecological structure of the gut microbiome. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115775. [PMID: 38503005 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between the gut microbiome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of ASD. Here, we analyzed the microbial and clinical characteristics of individuals with ASD using enterotypes. A total of 456 individuals participated in the study, including 249 participants with ASD, 106 typically developing siblings, and 101 controls. The alpha and beta diversities of the ASD, sibling, and control groups did not show significant differences. Analysis revealed a negative association between the Bifidobacterium longum group and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, as well as a negative association between the Streptococcus salivarus group and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) within the ASD group. When clustered based on microbial composition, participants with ASD exhibited two distinct enterotypes, E1 and E2. In the E2 group, the SRS score was significantly higher, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale score was significantly lower compared to the E1 group. Machine learning results indicated that the microbial species predicting SRS scores were distinct between the two enterotypes. Our study suggests that the microbial composition in individuals with ASD exhibits considerable variability, and the patterns of associations between the gut microbiome and clinical symptoms may vary depending on the enterotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjae Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; CJ Bioscience, Inc. Seoul, Korea
| | - Taeyeop Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yerin Hyun
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jongsik Chun
- CJ Bioscience, Inc. Seoul, Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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3
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Sun C, Deng J, Ma Y, Meng F, Cui X, Li M, Li J, Li J, Yin P, Kong L, Zhang L, Tang P. The dual role of microglia in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: Detrimental and protective effects. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114570. [PMID: 37852469 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that is frequently accompanied by neuropathic pain, resulting in significant physical and psychological harm to a vast number of individuals globally. Despite the high prevalence of neuropathic pain following SCI, the precise underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Microglia are a type of innate immune cell that are present in the central nervous system (CNS). They have been observed to have a significant impact on neuropathic pain following SCI. This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in understanding the role of microglia in the development of neuropathic pain following SCI. Specifically, the article delves into the detrimental and protective effects of microglia on neuropathic pain following SCI, as well as the mechanisms underlying their interconversion. Furthermore, the article provides a thorough overview of potential avenues for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China; Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Junhao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Ma
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Lingjie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China.
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China.
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Wei J, Chen J, Fang X, Liu T, Yuan Y, Zhang J. Protocol for the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation liquid in children with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1236904. [PMID: 37675433 PMCID: PMC10477363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, repetitive behavior and language impairment, and its worldwide prevalence has been found to be increasing annually in recent years. Till now, ASD is uncurable as its pathogenesis remains unknown. However, studies on both animals and humans have demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may ameliorate the symptoms of ASD, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. Nonetheless, there is still no agreement regarding the optimal dosage or duration of FMT treatment for individuals with ASD. Methods This clinical study is a double-blind, randomized, interventional trial conducted at a single center. The aim is to investigate the safety and efficacy of a pediatric formulation of FMT for ASD. A total of 42 children between the ages of 3-9 with ASD will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either an FMT treatment group (n = 28) or a placebo group (n = 14), forming cohort 1. Additionally, 30 healthy children of similar age and gender will be recruited as the control group (cohort 2). Cohort 1 will be assessed using a variety of scales, including the Autism Behavior Checklist, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Social Responsiveness Scale, Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and Psychoeducational Profile (Third Edition). These assessments will evaluate the effectiveness of FMT in reducing core symptoms and comorbidities (such as gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep disturbances) in children with ASD. The study will use metagenomic and metabolomic sequencing to assess changes in the composition and structure of the intestinal flora and its metabolites in blood, urine, and feces following treatment. Furthermore, the study will evaluate the acceptability of the FMT formulation by participants' legal guardians and investigate differences in the intestinal flora and metabolism in the FMT group before and after treatment compared to 30 healthy children. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR2200058459.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Fang
- Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhan Yuan
- Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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De Sales-Millán A, Aguirre-Garrido JF, González-Cervantes RM, Velázquez-Aragón JA. Microbiome-Gut-Mucosal-Immune-Brain Axis and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Novel Proposal of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ASD Aetiology. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:548. [PMID: 37503995 PMCID: PMC10376175 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted and stereotyped interests. Due of the high prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with ASD, researchers have investigated the gut microbiota as a potential contributor to its aetiology. The relationship between the microbiome, gut, and brain (microbiome-gut-brain axis) has been acknowledged as a key factor in modulating brain function and social behaviour, but its connection to the aetiology of ASD is not well understood. Recently, there has been increasing attention on the relationship between the immune system, gastrointestinal disorders and neurological issues in ASD, particularly in relation to the loss of specific species or a decrease in microbial diversity. It focuses on how gut microbiota dysbiosis can affect gut permeability, immune function and microbiota metabolites in ASD. However, a very complete study suggests that dysbiosis is a consequence of the disease and that it has practically no effect on autistic manifestations. This is a review of the relationship between the immune system, microbial diversity and the microbiome-gut-brain axis in the development of autistic symptoms severity and a proposal of a novel role of gut microbiome in ASD, where dysbiosis is a consequence of ASD-related behaviour and where dysbiosis in turn accentuates the autistic manifestations of the patients via the microbiome-gut-brain axis in a feedback circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amapola De Sales-Millán
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Félix Aguirre-Garrido
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rina María González-Cervantes
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
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Zhao X, Xu M, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wan X, Jiang M, Luo X, Shen Y, Chen L, Zhou M, Wang F, Sun X. Bifidobacterium promotes retinal ganglion cell survival by regulating the balance of retinal glial cells. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29 Suppl 1:146-160. [PMID: 36924268 PMCID: PMC10314105 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Optic nerve injury is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons cannot be regenerated once damaged. Therefore, reducing RGC damage is crucial to prevent blindness. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the potential influence of the gut microbiota on RGC survival, as well as the associated action mechanisms. METHODS We evaluated the effects of microbiota, specifically Bifidobacterium, on RGC. Optic nerve crush (ONC) was used as a model of optic nerve injury. Vancomycin and Bifidobacterium were orally administered to specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice. RESULTS Bifidobacterium promoted RGC survival and optic nerve regeneration. The administration of Bifidobacterium inhibited microglia activation but promoted Müller cell activation, which was accompanied by the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of neurotrophic factors and retinal ERK/Fos signaling pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium-induced changes in intestinal flora promote RGC survival. The protective effect of Bifidobacterium on RGC can be attributed to the inhibition of microglia activation and promotion of Müller cell activation and the secondary regulation of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mengqiao Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoling Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xueting Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yao Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Minwen Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghaiChina
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Zubareva OE, Dyomina AV, Kovalenko AA, Roginskaya AI, Melik-Kasumov TB, Korneeva MA, Chuprina AV, Zhabinskaya AA, Kolyhan SA, Zakharova MV, Gryaznova MO, Zaitsev AV. Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum in a Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098451. [PMID: 37176158 PMCID: PMC10179354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a challenging brain disorder that is often difficult to treat with conventional therapies. The gut microbiota has been shown to play an important role in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy. In this study, the effects of Bifidobacterium longum, a probiotic, on inflammation, neuronal degeneration, and behavior are evaluated in a lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) induced in young adult rats. B. longum was administered orally at a dose of 109 CFU/rat for 30 days after pilocarpine injection. The results show that B. longum treatment has beneficial effects on the TLE-induced changes in anxiety levels, neuronal death in the amygdala, and body weight recovery. In addition, B. longum increased the expression of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective genes, such as Il1rn and Pparg. However, the probiotic had little effect on TLE-induced astrogliosis and microgliosis and did not reduce neuronal death in the hippocampus and temporal cortex. The study suggests that B. longum may have a beneficial effect on TLE and may provide valuable insights into the role of gut bacteria in epileptogenesis. In addition, the results show that B. longum may be a promising drug for the comprehensive treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga E Zubareva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Dyomina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Kovalenko
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna I Roginskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tigran B Melik-Kasumov
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Marina A Korneeva
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alesya V Chuprina
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alesya A Zhabinskaya
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Stepan A Kolyhan
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Maria V Zakharova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marusya O Gryaznova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Zaitsev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Chu C, Yu L, Li Y, Guo H, Zhai Q, Chen W, Tian F. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM405 against Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Branched-Chain Amino Acids Biosynthesis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071737. [PMID: 37049578 PMCID: PMC10096885 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that disturbances in the gut microbiota and microbiota -derived metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), suggesting that probiotic treatments that restore them may delay disease progression. This study aimed to examine the attenuating efficacy of L. plantarum CCFM405 and the potential mechanisms in mice with rotenone-induced PD. Our results indicate that L. plantarum CCFM405 ameliorated rotenone-induced motor deficits and constipation, decreased dopaminergic neuronal death, reduced intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation, and raised dopamine levels, 5-HT, and associated metabolites in the striatal region of the brain in mice with PD. Sequencing of 16S rRNA from fecal microbiota revealed that L. plantarum CCFM405 normalized the gut bacterial composition in mice with PD, as evidenced by the increased relative abundance of the following genus, Bifidobacterium, Turicibacter, and Faecalibaculum, and decreased relative abundance of Alistipes, Bilophila, Akkermansia, and Escherichia-Shigella. The PICRUSt-predicted gut microbiota function revealed that L. plantarum CCFM405 enhanced the biosynthesis of amino acid pathways, particularly valine, leucine, and isoleucine (branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs). A non-metabolomic analysis of the serum and feces showed that L. plantarum CCFM405 markedly increased the levels of BCAAs. Pathway enrichment analysis based on the KEGG database further suggested that L. plantarum CCFM405 supplementation can promote BCAAs biosynthesis. Collectively, L. plantarum CCFM405 can help to prevent rotenone-induced PD by modulating the gut microbiota–metabolite axis. BCAAs may play a dominant role in L. plantarum CCFM405-associated neuroprotection in PD mice. This probiotic could be utilized as a potential food supplement in the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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9
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Feng P, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Li E. A review of probiotics in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders: Perspectives from the gut–brain axis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123462. [PMID: 37007501 PMCID: PMC10060862 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a class of neurodevelopmental conditions with a large societal impact. Despite existing evidence suggesting a link between ASD pathogenesis and gut–brain axis dysregulation, there is no systematic review of the treatment of probiotics on ASD and its associated gastrointestinal abnormalities based on the gut–brain axis. Therefore, we performed an analysis for ASD based on preclinical and clinical research to give a comprehensive synthesis of published evidence of a potential mechanism for ASD. On the one hand, this review aims to elucidate the link between gastrointestinal abnormalities and ASD. Accordingly, we discuss gut microbiota dysbiosis regarding gut–brain axis dysfunction. On the other hand, this review suggests that probiotic administration to regulate the gut–brain axis might improve gastrointestinal symptoms, restore ASD-related behavioral symptoms, restore gut microbiota composition, reduce inflammation, and restore intestinal barrier function in human and animal models. This review suggests that targeting the microbiota through agents such as probiotics may represent an approach for treating subsets of individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Feng
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Enyao Li
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Enyao Li,
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10
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Inserra A, Giorgini G, Lacroix S, Bertazzo A, Choo J, Markopolous A, Grant E, Abolghasemi A, De Gregorio D, Flamand N, Rogers G, Comai S, Silvestri C, Gobbi G, Di Marzo V. Effects of repeated lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the mouse brain endocannabinoidome and gut microbiome. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:721-739. [PMID: 36316276 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Psychedelics elicit prosocial, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects via neuroplasticity, neurotransmission and neuro-immunomodulatory mechanisms. Whether psychedelics affect the brain endocannabinoid system and its extended version, the endocannabinoidome (eCBome) or the gut microbiome, remains unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Adult C57BL/6N male mice were administered lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or saline for 7 days. Sociability was assessed in the direct social interaction and three chambers tests. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampal endocannabinoids, endocannabinoid-like mediators and metabolites were quantified via high-pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Neurotransmitter levels were assessed via HPLC-UV/fluorescence. Gut microbiome changes were investigated by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. KEY RESULTS LSD increased social preference and novelty and decreased hippocampal levels of the N-acylethanolamines N-linoleoylethanolamine (LEA), anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine) and N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (DHEA); the monoacylglycerol 1/2-docosahexaenoylglycerol (1/2-DHG); the prostaglandins D2 (PGD2 ) and F2α (PGF2α ); thromboxane 2 and kynurenine. Prefrontal eCBome mediator and metabolite levels were less affected by the treatment. LSD decreased Shannon alpha diversity of the gut microbiota, prevented the decrease in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio observed in saline-treated mice and altered the relative abundance of the bacterial taxa Bifidobacterium, Ileibacterium, Dubosiella and Rikenellaceae RC9. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The prosocial effects elicited by repeated LSD administration are accompanied by alterations of hippocampal eCBome and kynurenine levels, and the composition of the gut microbiota. Modulation of the hippocampal eCBome and kynurenine pathway might represent a mechanism by which psychedelic compounds elicit prosocial effects and affect the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Inserra
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Giada Giorgini
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Canada Research Excellence Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sebastien Lacroix
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Canada
| | - Antonella Bertazzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Jocelyn Choo
- Microbiome and Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Infection and Immunity, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Athanasios Markopolous
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emily Grant
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Armita Abolghasemi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Danilo De Gregorio
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Canada Research Excellence Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Geraint Rogers
- Microbiome and Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Infection and Immunity, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stefano Comai
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Canada Research Excellence Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Canada.,Centre NUTRISS, École de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Canada Research Excellence Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Canada.,Centre NUTRISS, École de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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11
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Jia Y, Cheng S, Liu L, Cheng B, Liang C, Ye J, Chu X, Yao Y, Wen Y, Kafle OP, Zhang F. Evaluating the Genetic Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Development of Neuroticism and General Happiness: A Polygenic Score Analysis and Interaction Study Using UK Biobank Data. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:156. [PMID: 36672898 PMCID: PMC9858947 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited efforts have been invested in exploring the interaction effects between genetic factors and gut microbiota on neuroticism and general happiness. The polygenic risk scores (PRS) of gut microbiota were calculated from individual-level genotype data of the UK Biobank cohort. Linear regression models were then used to assess the associations between individual PRS of gut microbiota and mental traits and interaction analysis was performed by PLINK2.0. KOBAS-i was used to conduct gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the identified genes. We observed suggestive significant associations between neuroticism and PRS for the genus Bifidobacterium (rank-normal transformation, RNT) (beta = -1.10, P = 4.16 × 10-3) and the genus Desulfovibrio (RNT) (beta = 0.54, P = 7.46 × 10-3). PRS for the genus Bifidobacterium (hurdle binary, HB) (beta = 1.99, P = 5.24 × 10-3) and the genus Clostridium (RNT) (beta = 1.26, P = 9.27 × 10-3) were found to be suggestive positively associated with general happiness. Interaction analysis identified several significant genes that interacted with gut microbiota, such as RORA (rs575949009, beta = -45.00, P = 1.82 × 10-9) for neuroticism and ASTN2 (rs36005728, beta = 19.15, P = 3.37 × 10-8) for general happiness. Our study results support the genetic effects of gut microbiota on the development of neuroticism and general happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
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12
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Varela-Trinidad GU, Domínguez-Díaz C, Solórzano-Castanedo K, Íñiguez-Gutiérrez L, Hernández-Flores TDJ, Fafutis-Morris M. Probiotics: Protecting Our Health from the Gut. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071428. [PMID: 35889147 PMCID: PMC9316266 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) comprises billions of microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract. This microbial community exerts numerous physiological functions. Prominent among these functions is the effect on host immunity through the uptake of nutrients that strengthen intestinal cells and cells involved in the immune response. The physiological functions of the GM are not limited to the gut, but bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and various extraintestinal organs have been identified. These interactions have been termed interorganic axes by several authors, among which the gut–brain, gut–skin, gut–lung, gut–heart, and gut–metabolism axes stand out. It has been shown that an organism is healthy or in homeostasis when the GM is in balance. However, altered GM or dysbiosis represents a critical factor in the pathogenesis of many local and systemic diseases. Therefore, probiotics intervene in this context, which, according to various published studies, allows balance to be maintained in the GM, leading to an individual’s good health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Urait Varela-Trinidad
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Con Orientaciones en Inmunología y Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.U.V.-T.); (C.D.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología (CIINDE), Calzada del Federalismo Nte 3102, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | - Carolina Domínguez-Díaz
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Con Orientaciones en Inmunología y Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.U.V.-T.); (C.D.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología (CIINDE), Calzada del Federalismo Nte 3102, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | - Karla Solórzano-Castanedo
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Liliana Íñiguez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación de Inmunodeficiencias y VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Coronel Calderón 777, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico; (L.Í.-G.); (T.d.J.H.-F.)
| | - Teresita de Jesús Hernández-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación de Inmunodeficiencias y VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Coronel Calderón 777, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico; (L.Í.-G.); (T.d.J.H.-F.)
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosóficas Metodológicas e Intrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Mary Fafutis-Morris
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología (CIINDE), Calzada del Federalismo Nte 3102, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-1411-4590
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