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Chang H, Ouyang J, Tian M, Yang J, Gao J, Yang M, Zhang M, Yuan H, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Chen Z. The associations between modifiable risk factors and constipation: a comprehensive mendelian randomization study. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:370. [PMID: 39420266 PMCID: PMC11488088 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early identification of modifiable risk factors is crucial for the prevention of constipation. This study systematically investigated the relationship between genetically predicted modifiable risk factors and constipation. METHODS The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach. For similar exposure indicators, the multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) method was used to adjust for potential biases in univariate MR analysis. The robustness of the results was further evaluated using the MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis. Bonferroni correction was applied to reduce the false positive rate in the results. RESULTS The IVW analysis indicated a significant causal association between genetically predicted gastroesophageal reflux disease [OR (95% CI) = 1.192 (1.079-1.315), P = 0.0005], atorvastatin use [OR (95% CI) = 16.995 (3.327-86.816), P = 0.0007], and constipation. Additionally, there was a potential causal association between education level [OR (95% CI) = 0.859 (0.767-0.964), P = 0.009], major depressive disorder [OR (95% CI) = 1.206 (1.041-1.399), P = 0.013], hypothyroidism [OR (95% CI) = 2.299 (1.327-3.985), P = 0.003], and aspirin use [OR (95% CI) = 4.872 (1.174-20.221), P = 0.029] with constipation. No causal associations were found for the other included indicators. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the absence of evidence for heterogeneity and pleiotropy in any positive results. CONCLUSION This study identified several risk factors that could be targeted for the prevention of constipation, offering valuable insights for public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chang
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Yang
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Chen C, Lin Y, Xu J, Chen Q, Huang J. Causal relationship between green tea intake and gastrointestinal disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1426779. [PMID: 39371947 PMCID: PMC11449853 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1426779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The precise association between green tea intake and gastrointestinal disorders remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal association between green tea intake and gastrointestinal disorders through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods Utilizing publicly accessible data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified SNPs strongly linked with the study variables from multiple large databases to serve as instrumental variables (IVs). MR analyses were executed utilizing the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, with the resultant effect estimates serving as the primary outcome measure. In addition, a multivariate MR design was performed to adjust for smoking and alcohol consumption. To ensure the robustness of our findings, a series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess reliability. Results Univariable MR analysis revealed suggestive associations between green tea intake and gastroesophageal reflux (OR = 0.9950, 95% CI 0.9900-1.0000, p IVW = 0.047), diverticulosis (OR = 0.9998, 95% CI 0.9996-1.0000, p IVW = 0.030), Crohn's disease (OR = 1.0001, 95% CI 1.0000-1.0002, p IVW = 0.019), and cholangitis was observed (OR = 1.0440, 95% CI 1.0100-1.0790, p IVW = 0.011). Multivariate MR analysis indicated after controlling for potential confounders, greater green tea consumption was suggestively associated with the decreased risk of oesophagitis (OR = 0.9667, 95% CI: 0.9405-0.9936, p IVW = 0.016) and gastric cancer (OR = 0.9810, 95% CI: 0.9628-0.9996, p IVW = 0.046). Nevertheless, multivariate MR analysis also showed that greater green tea consumption was suggestively associated with the increased risk of Crohn's disease (OR = 1.0001, 95% CI: 1.0000-1.0002, p IVW = 0.007). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that these results were reliable. Conclusion Our study provides suggestive evidence that genetically predicted green tea intake is causally associated with the risk of oesophagitis, gastric cancer and Crohn's disease, but a larger GWAS database is needed for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Chen
- Fujian Vocational College of Agricultural, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yifei Lin
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinni Xu
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Jing Huang
- Fujian Vocational College of Agricultural, Fuzhou, China
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Wang N, Liu J, Chai B, Yao J, Du X, Mei Q, Wang X. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis investigates causal associations between cathepsins and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Genet 2024; 15:1436407. [PMID: 39359476 PMCID: PMC11445167 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1436407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cathepsins, key regulators of the pathology of gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are a target protease that has attracted much attention in recent years. IBD is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut. Traditional studies have shown a correlation between cathepsin and the risk of IBD, while the causal relationship remains unclear. Methods This study utilized Mendelian randomization techniques to evaluate the causal relationships between eleven cathepsins and the subtypes of IBD, such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). We also performed a series of sensitivity analyses to validate the primary Mendelian randomization (MR) results, including Cochran's Q test, the MR-PRESSO global test, and the MR pleiotropy test. Results The forward MR analyses showed no significant association between cathepsins and IBD. Reverse Mendelian randomization analyses suggested that UC might lead to elevated cathepsin G levels [inverse-variance weighted (IVW): p = 0.038, b = 9.966], and CD might cause a decrease in cathepsin B levels [IVW: p = 0.002, b = -10.525] and cathepsin L1 levels [IVW: p = 0.045, b = -4.742]. Conclusions Our findings offer novel and comprehensive evidence on the impact of UC or CD on cathepsins, potentially providing valuable insights into the treatment and prognosis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bao Chai
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianhong Yao
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xufang Du
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Chen Q, Zhang X, Tie Y, Zhang J, Huang P, Xie Y, Zhang L, Tang X, Zeng Z, Li L, Chen M, Chen R, Zhang S. Serum amyloid A for predicting prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2024; 11:e001497. [PMID: 39266020 PMCID: PMC11404264 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum amyloid A (SAA) was found to be positively correlated with the activity of Crohn's disease (CD); however, its prognostic value remains uncertain. Here, we examined its predictive ability in newly diagnosed CD and explored genetic association. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients newly diagnosed as CD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between June 2010 and March 2022. We employed receiver operating characteristic curve, Cox proportional hazard regression models and restricted cubic splines to investigate the prognostic performance of SAA for surgery and disease progression. To assess possible causality, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) of published genome-wide association study data was conducted. RESULTS During 2187.6 person-years (median age, 28 years, 72.4% male), 87 surgery and 153 disease progression events were documented. A 100-unit increment in SAA level generated 14% higher risk for surgery (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.14 (1.05-1.23), p=0.001) and 12% for disease progression (1.12 (1.05-1.19), p<0.001). Baseline SAA level ≥89.2 mg/L led to significantly elevated risks for surgery (2.08 (1.31-3.28), p=0.002) and disease progression (1.72 (1.22-2.41), p=0.002). Such associations were assessed as linear. Adding SAA into a scheduled model significantly improved its predictive performances for surgery and disease progression (p for net reclassification indexes and integrated discrimination indexes <0.001). Unfortunately, no genetic causality between SAA and CD was observed in MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses showed robust results. CONCLUSION Although causality was not found, baseline SAA level was an independent predictor of surgery and disease progression in newly diagnosed CD, and had additive benefit to existing prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qia Chen
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yizhe Tie
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwu Zhang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinwei Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Xie
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqian Zhang
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueer Tang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rirong Chen
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Malicevic U, Rai V, Skrbic R, Agrawal DK. NLRP3 Inflammasome and Gut Dysbiosis Linking Diabetes Mellitus and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH 2024; 7:200-218. [PMID: 39328924 PMCID: PMC11426418 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease are chronic conditions with significant overlap in their pathophysiology, primarily driven by chronic inflammation. Both diseases are characterized by an aberrant immune response and disrupted homeostasis in various tissues. However, it remains unclear which disease develops first, and which one contributes to the other. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and inflammatory bowel disease may increase the risk of developing diabetes. This review focuses on comprehensively discussing the factors commonly contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease to draw a relationship between them and the possibility of targeting common factors to attenuate the incidence of one if the other is present. A key player in the intersection of diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease is the NLRP3 inflammasome, which regulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to prolonged inflammation and tissue damage. Additionally, toll-like receptors via sensing microbial components contribute to diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease by initiating inflammatory responses. Gut dysbiosis, a common link in both diseases, further intensifies inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Alterations in gut microbiota composition affect intestinal permeability and immune modulation, perpetuating a vicious cycle of inflammation and disease progression by changing protein expression. The overlap in the underlying inflammatory mechanisms has led to the potential of targeting mediators of chronic inflammation using anti-inflammatory drugs and biologics that benefit both conditions or attenuate the incidence of one in the presence of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugljesa Malicevic
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Departments of Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
| | - Ranko Skrbic
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Departments of Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
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Wang S, Zhang T, Sun Y, Yao Y, Yang D, Cao X. Exploring the causality of appendectomy and ischaemic heart disease: a Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1443906. [PMID: 39165263 PMCID: PMC11333265 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1443906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is increased in appendectomy patients, but it is not clear whether there is a causal relationship. We aimed to systematically estimate the causal relationship between appendectomy and IHD and its subtypes, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angina pectoris (AP), using Mendelian randomization (MR) study methods and meta-analysis. Methods As the discovery cohort analysis, we extracted independent genetic variants strongly associated with appendectomy from the FinnGen study (28,601 cases) as instrumental variables (IVs). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) from UK Biobank were selected for outcome data. A first two-sample MR analysis was then conducted. As the replication cohort, IVs associated with appendectomy were extracted in the UK Biobank (50,105 cases). GWAS from the FinnGen study were selected for outcome data. A second MR analysis was then performed. Finally, meta-analyses were applied to assess the combined causal effects of the MR results. Results In the discovery cohort, there was a significant positive causal relationship between appendectomy and IHD and its subtypes AMI and AP. The replication cohort only found a positive causal relationship between appendectomy and AMI. Meta-analysis showed a positive causal relationship between appendectomy and IHD (OR: 1.128, 95% CI: 1.067-1.193, P = 2.459e-05), AMI (OR: 1.195, 95% CI: 1.095-1.305, P = 6.898e-05), and AP (OR: 1.087, 95% CI: 1.016-1.164, P = 1.598e-02). Conclusions This comprehensive MR analysis suggests that genetically predicted appendectomy may be a risk factor for the development of IHD and its subtypes AMI and AP. We need to continue to pay attention to these links.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Serrano-Fernandez V, Laredo-Aguilera JA, Navarrete-Tejero C, Molina-Gallego B, Lopez-Fernandez-Roldan A, Carmona-Torres JM. The Role of Environmental and Nutritional Factors in the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2463. [PMID: 39125343 PMCID: PMC11313778 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are increasing around the world, especially in Western countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the health habits of healthy controls and individuals with IBDs to identify possible risk factors for IBD development. METHODS A case-control study was conducted among Spanish participants over 18 years of age. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by subjects to collect information on several sociodemographic variables and habits, such as the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and macronutrients; anxiety and depression; and quality of life. RESULTS The main risk factors identified were age; living in an urban environment; anxiety; and excessive consumption of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. In addition, the consumption of fibre had a preventive effect against IBD development. CONCLUSIONS Age, anxiety and living in urban areas pose a risk of suffering from IBD, as does the excessive consumption of certain macronutrients. However, the consumption of fibre has a protective effect on the development of some IBD types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Serrano-Fernandez
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jose Alberto Laredo-Aguilera
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Carlos Navarrete-Tejero
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
| | - Brigida Molina-Gallego
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
| | - Angel Lopez-Fernandez-Roldan
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
| | - Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermeria, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (V.S.-F.); (C.N.-T.); (B.M.-G.); (A.L.-F.-R.); (J.M.C.-T.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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Zhang J, Li T, Zhao J, Chai J, Wang L, Cao W, Liu J, Wang F. The causal relationship of depression, anxiety, and neuroticism with endometriosis: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38823. [PMID: 38996127 PMCID: PMC11245226 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, identified by the abnormal growth of endometrial cells beyond the inner lining of the uterus, often manifests through symptoms like painful menstruation and challenges in conceiving. Observational studies suggest that endometriosis is often comorbid with mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. The nature of these connections, whether they are causal, is still debated and calls for further empirical evidence. We utilized a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, harnessing genome-wide association study data to explore the connections among depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and endometriosis. To scrutinize the causative connections between mental health issues and endometriosis, Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) was employed as the primary analytical tool, complemented by Weighted Median Estimation, Simple mode, Weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression for additional analysis. To examine the potential for reverse causation, reverse MR was applied. To strengthen the reliability of our findings, we carried out sensitivity analyses that included heterogeneity tests, tests for pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analyses. The IVW analysis revealed a significant correlation between the genetic inclination towards depression and a heightened risk of developing endometriosis [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.151, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.025-1.293, P = .017]. Similarly, a genetic predisposition to neuroticism was significantly associated with an increased risk of endometriosis (OR = 1.128, 95% CI = 1.038-1.226, P = .004). However, no causative link was found between genetic susceptibility to anxiety and the occurrence of endometriosis. Reverse MR analysis did not support a bidirectional genetic susceptibility between endometriosis and psychiatric disorders. The MR analysis presents genetic data supporting the notion that depression and neuroticism are risk factors for endometriosis. Conversely, it found no evidence of a causal connection between anxiety and the development of endometriosis. Enhancing mental health treatment should be considered a preventive measure against endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tie Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiapeng Chai
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxuan Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fuchun Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Nutrients Editorial Office. RETRACTED: Saadh et al. A Mendelian Randomization Analysis Investigates Causal Associations between Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Variable Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023, 15, 1202. Nutrients 2024; 16:1778. [PMID: 38892728 PMCID: PMC11174639 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Nutrients Editorial Office retracts the article, "A Mendelian Randomization Analysis Investigates Causal Associations between Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Variable Risk Factors" [...].
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Lin Z, Luo W, Zhang K, Dai S. Environmental and Microbial Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Model Establishment: A Review Partly through Mendelian Randomization. Gut Liver 2024; 18:370-390. [PMID: 37814898 PMCID: PMC11096900 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex condition resulting from environmental, microbial, immunologic, and genetic factors. With the advancement of Mendelian randomization research in IBD, we have gained new insights into the relationship between these factors and IBD. Many animal models of IBD have been developed using different methods, but few studies have attempted to model IBD by combining environmental factors and microbial factors. In this review, we examine how environmental factors and microbial factors affect the development and progression of IBD, and how they interact with each other and with the intestinal microbiota. We also summarize the current methods for creating animal models of IBD and compare their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the latest findings from Mendelian randomization studies on the role of environmental factors in IBD, we discuss which environmental and microbial factors could be used to construct a more realistic and reliable IBD experimental model. We propose that animal models of IBD should consider both environmental and microbial factors to better mimic human IBD pathogenesis and to reveal the underlying mechanisms of IBD at the immune and genetic levels. We highlight the importance of environmental and microbial factors in IBD pathogenesis and offer new perspectives and suggestions for improving experimental animal modeling. Our goal is to create a model that closely resembles the clinical picture of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesheng Lin
- The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixue Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Geriatric Center, National Regional Medical Center, Ganzhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Chen S, Zhang M, Yang P, Guo J, Liu L, Yang Z, Nan K. Genetic Association between Lipid-Regulating Drug Targets and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization Study. J Lipids 2024; 2024:5324127. [PMID: 38757060 PMCID: PMC11098603 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5324127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetic microvascular complication and a leading cause of vision loss. However, there is a lack of effective strategies to reduce the risk of DR currently. The present study is aimed at assessing the causal effect of lipid-regulating targets on DR risk using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Method Genetic variants within or near drug target genes, including eight lipid-regulating targets for LDL-C (HMGCR, PCSK9, and NPC1L1), HDL-C (CETP, SCARB1, and PPARG), and TG (PPARA and LPL), were selected as exposures. The exposure data were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project. The outcome dataset related to DR was obtained from the FinnGen research project. Inverse-variance-weighted MR (IVW-MR) was used to calculate the effect estimates by each target. Sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the robustness of the results. Results There was suggestive evidence that PCSK9-mediated LDL-C levels were positively associated with DR, with OR (95% CI) of 1.34 (1.02-1.77). No significant association was found between the expression of HMGCR- and NPC1L1-mediated LDL-C levels; CETP-, SCARB1-, and PPARG-mediated HDL-C levels; PPARA- and LPL-mediated TG levels; and DR risk. Conclusions This is the first study to reveal a genetically causal relationship between lipid-regulating drug targets and DR risk. PCSK9-mediated LDL-C levels maybe positively associated with DR risk at the genetic level. This study provides suggestive evidence that PCSK9 inhibition may reduce the risk of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
- Medical Department of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of General Practice, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianbin Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Nan
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
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12
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Deng Z, Hu Y, Duan L, Buyang Z, Huang Q, Fu X, Luo H, Hou T. Causality between sleep traits and the risk of frailty: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1381482. [PMID: 38784581 PMCID: PMC11112029 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research based on observation has demonstrated a relationship between sleep traits and frailty; however, it remains uncertain if this correlation indicates causation. The purpose of this study was to look at the causal relationship that exists between frailty and sleep traits. Method Using summaries from a genome-wide association study of self-reported sleep features and frailty index, we performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Examining the causal relationships between seven sleep-related traits and frailty was the goal. The major method used to calculate effect estimates was the inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by the weighted median and MR-Egger approaches. The study investigated pleiotropy and heterogeneity using several methodologies, such as the MR-Egger intercept, the MR-PRESSO approach, and the Cochran's Q test. We took multivariate Mendelian randomization and genetic correlations between related traits to enhance the confidence of the results. Furthermore, we used MRlap to correct for any estimation bias due to sample overlap. Results Insomnia, napping during the day, and sleep apnea syndrome exhibited a positive connection with the frailty index in forward MR analysis. Conversely, there is a negative link between getting up in the morning, snoring and sleep duration with the frailty index. During the reverse MR analysis, the frailty index exhibited a positive correlation with insomnia, napping during the day, and sleep apnea syndrome, while demonstrating a negative correlation with sleep duration. There was no direct correlation between snoring, chronotype, and frailty. In MVMR analyses, the causal effect of sleep characteristics on frailty indices remained consistent after adjusting for potential confounders including BMI, smoking, and triglycerides. Conclusion The findings of our investigation yield novel evidence that substantiates the notion of a bidirectional causal connection between sleep traits and frailty. Through the optimization of sleep, it is potentially feasible to hinder, postpone, or even reverse the state of frailty, and we proposed relevant interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Deng
- Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lincheng Duan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziding Buyang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedan Fu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianshu Hou
- Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
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13
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Zhu Z, Yang Y, Han X, Peng L, Zhu H. Causality of Helicobacter pylori infection on eosinophilic esophagitis and potential pathogenesis: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365604. [PMID: 38779684 PMCID: PMC11109363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have indicated a possible connection between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but their causal relationship has yet to be established. To investigate the causal associations between H. pylori infection and EoE, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods Firstly, we conducted both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Furthermore, a two-step MR was carried out to ascertain the potential underlying pathways of these associations, particularly the involvement of inflammatory cytokines. We employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the main analysis in our MR study. To enhance the credibility of the results, we also conducted several sensitivity analyses. Results Our study demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between genetically predicted anti-H. pylori IgG antibody levels and a reduced risk of EoE (OR=0.325, 95% CI=0.165-0.643, P value=0.004, adj p value=0.009). No significant causal associations were detected between other H. pylori antibodies and EoE in our study. When it comes to multivariable MR analysis controlling for education attainment, household income, and deprivation individually, the independent causal impact of anti-H. pylori IgG on EoE persisted. Surprisingly, the two-step MR analysis indicated that inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) did not appear to mediate the protective effect of H. pylori infection against EoE. Conclusion Findings suggested that among the range of H. pylori-related antibodies, anti-H. pylori IgG antibody is the sole causal factor associated with protection against EoE. Certain inflammatory factors may not be involved in mediating this association. These findings make a significant contribution to advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis of EoE and its evolving etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Wu H, Xia Y, Luo Q, Li Q, Jiang H, Xiong Y. Psychological Distress and Meniere's Disease: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:1391-1403. [PMID: 38123520 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is aim to explore the causal relationship between anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and Meniere's disease (MD). STUDY DESIGN Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. SETTING IEU, FinnGen, CTG, and UKB databases. METHODS The genome-wide association studies data for anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and MD involved over 357,957 participants. MR was performed to explore relationships between anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and MD. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the MR results. Reverse MR was used to exclude the possibility of reverse causality. Finally, multivariate MR was performed to explore the collinear relationships between neuroticism subclusters. RESULTS MR results showed that anxiety and depression are not causes of MD, nor does MD cause anxiety and depression. Elevated neuroticism sum score is a cause of anxiety, depression, and MD, but MD does not lead to an increase in the level of neuroticism sum score. Further analysis showed that the 5 subclusters of neuroticism often feel lonely, mood often goes up and down, often feel fed-up, feelings easily hurt, and sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity are causes of MD. Multivariate MR analysis results suggested that the 5 neuroticism subclusters have a collinear relationship. CONCLUSION Anxiety and depression are not causative factors of MD, and vice versa. Elevated neuroticism levels serve as a shared causative factor for anxiety, depression, and MD. Identification and effective management of neuroticism is a potential target for preventing and treating MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Univeristy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunyan Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Univeristy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Jiangxi Branch Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Univeristy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Jiangxi Branch Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Wenshan, China
| | - Hongqun Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Univeristy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Jiangxi Branch Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanping Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Univeristy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Jiangxi Branch Center, Nanchang, China
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15
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Zou F, Hu Y, Xu M, Wang S, Wu Z, Deng F. Associations between sex hormones, receptors, binding proteins and inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1272746. [PMID: 38660517 PMCID: PMC11039946 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1272746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gender differences existed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Observational studies have revealed associations between sex hormones and IBD, such as estrogen and testosterone. However, the exact relationship between these sex hormones and IBD is unclear. Method Based on the genome-wide association studies data of eight sex hormones, two sex hormone receptors, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total IBD and its two subtypes, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to analyze their mutual relationship. For estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), bioavailable testosterone (BAT), total testosterone (TT) and SHBG, sex-stratified MR analyses were also performed. Inverse variance weighted method, MR-Egger regression and Weighted median method were used for causal analyses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the stability of causal relationships. Besides, a reverse MR analysis was performed to estimate the reverse causation. Results E2 (P=0.028) and TT (P=0.034) had protective effects on CD. Sex-stratified analyses revealed protective roles of E2 in males on total IBD (P=0.038) and CD (P=0.020). TT in females had protective effects on total IBD (P=0.025) and CD (P=0.029), and BAT in females decreased the risk of developing CD (P=0.047) and UC (P=0.036). Moreover, SHBG in males was also associated with a decreased risk of CD (P=0.021). The reversed MR analysis showed that CD was negatively correlated with estrogen receptor (P=0.046). UC was negatively correlated with PROG in females (P=0.015) and positively correlated with SHBG levels in males (P=0.046). Conclusion Findings of this study revealed the mutual causal associations between sex hormones and the risk of developing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaxian Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zengrong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feihong Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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16
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Chen Y, Yang L, Wang K, An Y, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhou Y. Relationship between fatty acid intake and aging: a Mendelian randomization study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5711-5739. [PMID: 38535988 PMCID: PMC11006485 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have previously shown a possible link between fatty acids and aging-related diseases, raising questions about its health implications. However, the causal relationship between the two remains uncertain. METHODS Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyze the relationship between five types of fatty acids-polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), saturated fatty acid (SFA), Omega-6 fatty acid (Omega-6 FA), and Omega-3 fatty acid (Omega-3 FA) and three markers of aging: telomere length (TL), frailty index (FI), and facial aging (FclAg). The primary approach for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis involved utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with additional supplementary methods employed. RESULTS Univariate MR analysis revealed that MUFA, PUFA, SFA, and Omega-6 fatty acids were positively associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.019, 95% CI: 1.006-1.033; PUFA OR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.002-1.026; SFA OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.002-1.031; Omega-6 FAs OR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.006-1.058). PUFA was also associated with a higher FI (OR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.009-1.057). In multivariate MR analysis, after adjusting for mutual influences among the five fatty acids, MUFA and PUFA were positively independently associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.1508, 95% CI = 1.0724-1.2350; PUFA OR: 1.1670, 95% CI = 1.0497-1.2973, while SFA was negatively correlated (OR: 0.8005, 95% CI: 0.7045-0.9096). CONCLUSIONS Our research presents compelling evidence of a causal association between certain fatty acids and indicators of the aging process. In particular, MUFA and PUFA may play a role in slowing down the aging process, while SFAs may contribute to accelerated aging. These findings could have significant implications for dietary recommendations aimed at promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu An
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Xu G, Xu Y, Zheng T, Liu T. Type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5149. [PMID: 38429331 PMCID: PMC10907708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the association between T2DM and IBD by bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to clarify the casual relationship. Independent genetic variants for T2DM and IBD were selected as instruments from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS), mainly in European ancestry. Instrumental variables (IVs) associated with T2DM and IBD were extracted separately from the largest GWAS meta-analysis. MR analyses included inverse variance weighting, weighted median estimator, MR Egger regression, and sensitivity analyses with Steiger filtering and MR PRESSO. In the data samples for Ulcerative colitis (UC) (6968 cases, 20,464 controls) and Crohn's disease (CD) (5956 cases, 14,927 controls), there was a negative causal relationship between T2DM and UC [IVW, OR/95%CI: 0.882/(0.826,0.942), p < 0.001]. However, the causal relationships between T2DM and CD, UC and T2DM, CD and T2DM were not significant, and the p value measured by the IVW method was ≥ 0.05. All SNPs showed no significant horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). The results of the bidirectional MR Study suggest that T2DM has a negative causal effect on UC, which provides implications for clinical treatment decisions in IBD patients with T2DM. The findings do not support a causal relationship between T2DM and CD, UC and T2DM, or CD and T2DM, and the impact of IBD on T2DM needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Xu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Taohua Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Dong H, Xu F, Linghu E. Unraveling the link between plasma caffeine concentrations and inflammatory bowel disease risk through Mendelian randomization. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:711-715. [PMID: 38211690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeine is believed to possess anti-inflammatory properties, yet direct population-based evidence regarding its impact on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains scarce. OBJECTIVES In this study, we used 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causal relationship between long-term plasma caffeine concentrations and IBD and its subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD). METHODS We used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with plasma caffeine concentrations at genome-wide significance within a ±100-kb range around the CYP1A2 or AHR genes as instrumental variables. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for IBD and its subtypes were obtained from FinnGen and International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium. We conducted a meta-analysis of MR-related SNPs from both sources and used a multiplicative inverse variance-weighted random effects model to combine the effects of each SNP proxy on exposure to outcomes. RESULTS In our study, genetically predicted higher plasma caffeine concentrations were associated with a lower risk of IBD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66, 0.91; PFDR = 0.004). This trend was also observed in UC and CD, with ORs of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.94; PFDR = 0.014) and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.98; PFDR = 0.032), respectively. CONCLUSION Our study indicates a potential causal link between genetically predicted higher plasma caffeine concentrations and a reduced risk of IBD, including its subtypes UC and CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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19
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Ahmetov II, John G, Semenova EA, Hall ECR. Genomic predictors of physical activity and athletic performance. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2024; 111:311-408. [PMID: 38908902 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity and athletic performance are complex phenotypes influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Recent advances in lifestyle and behavioral genomics led to the discovery of dozens of DNA polymorphisms (variants) associated with physical activity and allowed to use them as genetic instruments in Mendelian randomization studies for identifying the causal links between physical activity and health outcomes. On the other hand, exercise and sports genomics studies are focused on the search for genetic variants associated with athlete status, sports injuries and individual responses to training and supplement use. In this review, the findings of studies investigating genetic markers and their associations with physical activity and athlete status are reported. As of the end of September 2023, a total of 149 variants have been associated with various physical activity traits (of which 42 variants are genome-wide significant) and 253 variants have been linked to athlete status (115 endurance-related, 96 power-related, and 42 strength-related).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildus I Ahmetov
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - George John
- Transform Specialist Medical Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekaterina A Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia; Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elliott C R Hall
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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Shu Y, Yang B, Liu X, Xu M, Deng C, Wu H. Causal effects from inflammatory bowel disease on liver function and disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1320842. [PMID: 38298515 PMCID: PMC10827874 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1320842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has shown that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have liver function abnormalities and are susceptible to liver diseases. However, the existence of a causal relationship between IBD and liver function or disease remains unclear. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using genetic associations from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). These associations encompass ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), liver function traits, and liver disease phenotypes. The liver function traits comprised hepatic biochemistries, percent liver fat, and liver iron content from the UK Biobank. Furthermore, the liver disease phenotypes included cholelithiasis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in cohorts of European ancestry. The primary estimation used the inverse-variance weighted method, with GWAS of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the UK Biobank serving as a positive control outcome. Results Genetically predicted UC is causally associated with decreased levels of albumin (ALB) and liver iron content, while genetically predicted CD is causally associated with increased levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, genetically predicted UC or CD increases the risk of PSC, and CD increases the risk of PBC. Neither UC nor CD causally increases the risk of cholelithiasis and NAFLD. Conclusion UC affects the levels of ALB and liver iron content, while CD affects the levels of ALP. Both UC and CD increase the risk of PSC, and CD increases the risk of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bocheng Yang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Meihua Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wen H, Leong PM, Wang X, Li D. Isolation and Characterization of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Enteromorpha prolifera Lipids and Their Preventive Effects on Ulcerative Colitis in C57BL/6J Mice. Foods 2023; 13:46. [PMID: 38201073 PMCID: PMC10778640 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) is a green alga that causes green bloom worldwide. This study aimed to isolate and identify n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from EP oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and to explore its preventive effects against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6J mice. In EP oil, we found the novel n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid C16:4n-3 and two unusual fatty acids C18:4n-3 and C16:3n-3, using GC-MS. The administration of EP oil reduced histopathological of symptoms colitis and the shortening of the colon length. Pro-inflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum of EP oil treatment were lower than DSS treatment (by 37.63% and 83.52%), and IL-6 gene expression in the colon was lower in than DSS group by 48.28%, and IL-10 in serum was higher than DSS group by 2.88-fold. Furthermore, the protein expression of p-STAT3 by the EP oil treatment was significantly reduced compared with DSS treatment group by 73.61%. Lipidomics study suggested that phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were positively associated with the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, while cholesteryl ester and sphingomyelin were negatively related to inflammation cytokines in the EP oil group. The present results indicated that EP oil rich in n-3 PUFA contains a novel fatty acid C16:4n-3, as well as two uncommon fatty acids C18:4n-3 and C16:3n-3. EP oil could prevent DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating the JAK/STAT pathway and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wen
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.W.); (X.W.)
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Pooi Mun Leong
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Xincen Wang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.W.); (X.W.)
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.W.); (X.W.)
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China;
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22
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Bertin B, Foligne B, Ley D, Lesage J, Beghin L, Morcel J, Gottrand F, Hermann E. An Overview of the Influence of Breastfeeding on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:5103. [PMID: 38140362 PMCID: PMC10745409 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The first 1000 days of life is a critical period that contributes significantly to the programming of an individual's future health. Among the many changes that occur during this period early in life, there is growing evidence that the establishment of healthy gut microbiota plays an important role in the prevention of both short- and long-term health problems. Numerous publications suggest that the quality of the gut microbiota colonisation depends on several dietary factors, including breastfeeding. In this respect, a relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been suggested. IBDs are chronic intestinal diseases, and perinatal factors may be partly responsible for their onset. We review the existence of links between breastfeeding and IBD based on experimental and clinical studies. Overall, despite encouraging experimental data in rodents, the association between breastfeeding and the development of IBD remains controversial in humans, partly due to the considerable heterogeneity between clinical studies. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding is probably decisive for its lasting effect on IBD. Thus, specific improvements in our knowledge could support dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiome, such as the early use of prebiotics, probiotics or postbiotics, in order to prevent the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bertin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Benoit Foligne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Delphine Ley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Jean Lesage
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Laurent Beghin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jules Morcel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Hermann
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
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Papadimitriou K, Detopoulou P, Soufleris K, Voulgaridou G, Tsoumana D, Ntopromireskou P, Giaginis C, Chatziprodromidou IP, Spanoudaki M, Papadopoulou SK. Nutritional Risk and Sarcopenia Features in Patients with Crohn's Disease: Relation to Body Composition, Physical Performance, Nutritional Questionnaires and Biomarkers. Nutrients 2023; 15:3615. [PMID: 37630805 PMCID: PMC10458234 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) face malnutrition risk, which, combined with inflammation, can lead to sarcopenia, associated with a worse prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to assess malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with CD. Fifty-three patients (26 women) participated (38.1 ± 10.9 years, 79% in remission). Body composition, physical performance, nutritional questionnaires, and biomarkers were performed. Malnutrition was screened with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT) and was assessed with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) tool using etiologic along with three different phenotypic criteria: low Body Mass Index (BMI), low Calf Circumference (CC), and low Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI). To find cases and evaluate sarcopenia, the Sarcopenia Questionnaire (SARC-F) and European Working Group on Sarcopenia2 (EWGSOP2) criteria were used. Malnutrition rates were 11.3% (n = 6), 7.5% (n = 4), and 5.6% (n = 3) based on low FFMI, CC, and BMI, correspondingly. Four (7%) patients had low Hand-Grip Strength (HGS), n = 8 (14.8%) had low Appendicular Lean Mass (ALM), and n = 3 (5.6%) had low gait speed. No-one had sarcopenia. A high albumin and triceps skinfold pattern, identified by principal component analysis, was related to reduced C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels (B = -0.180, SE = 0.085, p = 0.045). In conclusion, based on the studied anthropometric, nutritional, and functional variables, CD patients were not diagnosed with sarcopenia in the present study. Body composition patterns were related to the inflammatory burden, underlying the interplay of inflammation and malnutrition, even in remission states. Further studies on older populations and during disease exacerbation are necessary to explore the potential link between CD, inflammation, and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Papadimitriou
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Metropolitan College of Thessaloniki, University of East London, 546 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, 115 26 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Soufleris
- Gastroenterology-Oncology Department, Theageneio Anticancer Hospital of Thessaloniki, 546 39 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Despoina Tsoumana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Panagiotis Ntopromireskou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 811 00 Myrina, Greece; (P.N.); (C.G.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 811 00 Myrina, Greece; (P.N.); (C.G.)
| | | | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.S.)
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24
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Jabłońska B, Mrowiec S. Nutritional Status and Its Detection in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081991. [PMID: 37111210 PMCID: PMC10143611 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is an important issue in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It is caused by altered digestion and absorption within the small bowel, inadequate food intake, and drug-nutrient interactions in patients. Malnutrition is an essential problem because it is related to an increased risk of infections and poor prognosis in patients. It is known that malnutrition is also related to an increased risk of postsurgery complications in IBD patients. Basic nutritional screening involves anthropometric parameters with body mass index (BMI) and others (fat mass, waist-to-hip ratio, muscle strength), medical history concerning weight loss, and biochemical parameters (including the Prognostic Nutritional Index). Besides standard nutritional screening tools, including the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutritional Risk Score 2002 (NRS 2002), and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), specific nutritional screening tools are used in IBD patients, such as the Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NR Tool and IBD-specific Nutritional Screening Tool). There is a higher risk of nutrient deficiencies (including iron, zinc, magnesium) and vitamin deficiencies (including folic acid, vitamin B12 and D) in IBD patients. Therefore, regular evaluation of nutritional status is important in IBD patients because many of them are undernourished. An association between plasma ghrelin and leptin and nutritional status in IBD patients has been observed. According to some authors, anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNFα) therapy (infliximab) can improve nutritional status in IBD patients. On the other hand, improvement in nutritional status may increase the response rate to infliximab therapy in CD patients. Optimization of nutritional parameters is necessary to improve results of conservative and surgical treatment and to prevent postoperative complications in patients with IBDs. This review presents basic nutritional screening tools, anthropometric and laboratory parameters, dietary risk factors for IBDs, common nutrient deficiencies, associations between anti-TNFα therapy and nutritional status, selected features regarding the influence of nutritional status, and surgical outcome in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jabłońska
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sławomir Mrowiec
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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