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Bath SC, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, Sabatier M, ter Borg S, Eilander A, Hora K, Aksoy B, Hristozova N, van Lieshout L, Tanju Besler H, Lazarus JH. OUP accepted manuscript. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:2154-2177. [PMID: 35713524 PMCID: PMC9549594 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Adequate iodine intake is essential throughout life. Key dietary sources are iodized salt and animal products, but dietary patterns in Europe are changing, for example toward lower salt intake and a more plant-based diet. Objective To review iodine intake (not status) in European populations (adults, children, and pregnant women) to identify at-risk groups and dietary sources. Data sources PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, as well as European national nutrition surveys were searched for data on had iodine intake (from dietary assessment) and sources of iodine, collected after 2006. Data selection In total, 57 studies were included, comprising 22 national surveys and 35 sub-national studies. Iodine intake data were available from national surveys of children aged <10 years (n = 11), 11–17 years (n = 12), and adults (n = 15), but data from pregnancy were only available from sub-national studies. Results Iodine intake data are lacking—only 17 of 45 (38%) European countries had iodine-intake data from national surveys. Iodine intake reported from national surveys was below recommendations for: (1) children aged <10 years in 2 surveys (18%), (2) boys and girls aged 11–17 years in 6 (50%) and 8 (68%) surveys, respectively, and (3) adult men and women in 7 (47%) and 12 (80%) surveys, respectively. In pregnant women, intake was below recommendations except where women were taking iodine-containing supplements. Just 32% of national surveys (n = 7) included iodized salt when estimating iodine intake. Milk, dairy products, fish, and eggs were important contributors to intake in many countries, suggesting limited sources in plant-based diets. Conclusion Results are limited by the challenges of dietary assessment for measuring iodine intake. Future national surveys should include iodine intake. Policy makers should consider dietary sources alongside any iodized salt policies when considering methods for improving population iodine intake. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017075422.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Bath
- S.C. Bath, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. E-mail:
| | | | - Magalie Sabatier
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sovianne ter Borg
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ans Eilander
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Hora
- SQM International N.V., Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Burcu Aksoy
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevena Hristozova
- International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Europe, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Halit Tanju Besler
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - John H Lazarus
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F, Malumbres-Chacon M, Ahmed-Mohamed L, Chueca-Guindulain MJ, Berrade-Zubiri S. Are there any seasonal variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone serum levels in children and adolescents with severe obesity? Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:1203-1210. [PMID: 33150518 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in children with severe obesity. We hypothesized that severe obesity could modify the seasonal variations in 25(OH)D and PTH serum levels throughout the year. A cross-sectional clinical and blood testing (calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)D, and PTH) was carried out in 282 patients with severe obesity, aged 7.2-15.2 years. A control group was recruited (348 healthy children, aged 7.1-14.9 years). The criteria of the US Endocrine Society were used for the definition of hypovitaminosis D. Vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism were more frequent (p < 0.05) in the obesity group (44.5 vs. 11.5% and 22.4 vs. 3.9%, respectively). There were seasonal variations in 25(OH)D levels in the obesity group, but they were lower (p < 0.05) with respect to the control group. In contrast, PTH levels were higher (p < 0.05) in the obesity group with respect to the control group, but there were no significant seasonal variations in PTH levels.Conclusion: Suboptimal vitamin D status and high levels of PTH are a common feature in pediatric population with severe obesity. In these patients, the seasonal variations in 25(OH)D were not modified, and PTH levels remained increased throughout the year, but without any seasonal variations. What is Known: • Obesity has been associated with lower 25(OH)D and higher PTH levels. • Relation among vitamin D and PTH through a natural year in children with obesity is partially known. What is New: • Seasonal variations in 25(OH)D are maintained in children with severe obesity, but PTH levels remained increased throughout the year, without seasonal variations. • -PTH levels in obesity are independent of vitamin D status and do not appear to represent secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Durá-Travé
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Avenue Irunlarrea, 4, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | - María Malumbres-Chacon
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Avenue Irunlarrea, 4, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lotfi Ahmed-Mohamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Avenue Irunlarrea, 4, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Jesús Chueca-Guindulain
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Avenue Irunlarrea, 4, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Berrade-Zubiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Avenue Irunlarrea, 4, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Morales-Suarez-Varela M, Peraita-Costa I, Guillamon Escudero C, Llopis-Morales A, Llopis-Gonzalez A. Total body skeletal muscle mass and diet in children aged 6-8 years: ANIVA Study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:944-951. [PMID: 31389713 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess if there was any relationship between the amount of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in children aged 6-8 years and their nutritional intake. The Valencian Anthropometry and Child Nutrition (ANIVA) study is a cross-sectional study with children aged between 6-8 years (n = 1988) from schools in Valencia. Children were distributed into 4 groups for comparison: normal and high SMM and by sex. Anthropometric data were obtained following World Health Organization protocols. Nutritional intake was measured using a prospective 3-day food journal and the KIDMED questionnaire. Of the whole child sample, 63.9% had high SMM values. No differences were found in adherence to a Mediterranean diet or absolute energy intake. Significant differences were found in the proportion of energy intake in relation to estimated energy requirements and between nutritional intake of certain macro or micronutrients with SMM. This study provides values of SMM for children. Children's adherence to a Mediterranean diet was not related to total SMM. At the same time, the consumption of excess calories or overeating is associated with SMM, with those children overeating more having lower SMM values. The differences in the intake of the other macro- and micronutrients were not associated with children's SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morales-Suarez-Varela
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillamon Escudero
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Agustin Llopis-Morales
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Agustin Llopis-Gonzalez
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F, Chueca-Guindulain MJ, Berrade-Zubiri S, Urretavizcaya-Martinez M, Ahmed-Mohamed L. Assessment of vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone during a combined intervention for the treatment of childhood obesity. Nutr Diabetes 2019; 9:18. [PMID: 31164629 PMCID: PMC6547754 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-019-0083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this work is to analyze the changes in vitamin D status and PTH levels in a group of children with obesity receiving combined intervention program in order to get BMI status reduction. METHODS Longitudinal study in 119 children with obesity, aged 9.1-13.9 years, included in a 1-year combined dietary-behavioral-physical activity intervention. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI and fat mass index) were registered every 3 months and blood testing (calcium, phosphorous, 25(OH)D and PTH) were collected at the beginning and after 12 months of follow-up. A control group was recruited (300 healthy children, aged 8.1-13.9 years). The criteria of the US Endocrine Society were used for the definition of hypovitaminosis D. RESULTS Vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in obesity group (31.1 vs. 14%). There was negative correlation between 25(OH)D and fat mass index (r = -0.361, p = 0.001). Patients with BMI reduction throughout combined intervention were 52 (43.7%). There was a significant increase in the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients without BMI reduction at the end of follow-up, but in those patients with BMI reduction there was no changes of vitamin D status. CONCLUSIONS Obesity increases the prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status, and a BMI status reduction in children with obesity may be required to at least stabilize vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Durá-Travé
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | - María Jesús Chueca-Guindulain
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Berrade-Zubiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Ariza C, Arechavala T, Valmayor S, Serral G, Moncada A, Rajmil L, Schiaffino A, Sánchez-Martínez F. Validation of 'POIBA-How do we eat?' questionnaire in 9-10 years old schoolchildren. Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1391665. [PMID: 29151829 PMCID: PMC5678355 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1391665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: It is difficult to obtain good food reports with Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) among children. In addition, validated questionnaires are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the 'POIBA-How do we eat?' (POIBA-HDWE) FFQ and whether it could be administered to children under 10 years of age. Design: We validated the FFQ POIBA-HDWE as part of the Childhood Obesity Prevention Program (POIBA project) in Barcelona. Forty-two out of 63 primary school students (9-10 years old) answered three questionnaires: FFQ POBA-HDWE; another questionnaire, 'POIBA-How do our children eat?' (POIBA-HDOCE), which was administered to the children's parents; and the 24-h recall computer program 'Young Adolescents' Nutrition Assessment on Computer' (YANA-C), which was used on three different days as a gold standard. We tested for correlations using the Spearman test for non-parametric variables. Results: We found low compliance with food recommendations (<50%). The POIBA-HDWE and POIBA-HDOCE questionnaires showed a moderate correlation for soft drinks (r = 0.49; p < 0.01), nuts (r = 0.59; p < 0.01), dairy products (r = 0.41; p < 0.01) and juices (r = 0.49; p < 0.01). There were moderate correlations between POIBA-HDWE and YANA-C for fried potatoes (r = 0.42; p = 0.01), dairy products (r = 0.53; p < 0.01), juices (r = 0.41; p < 0.01), and grains(r = 0.50; p < 0.01). Food frequency questions showed a homogeneity of 0.69, and a sensitivity of over 60% for all food items except chips (37.5%) and sweets (51.7%). Conclusions: The POIBA-HDWE FFQ showed moderate correlations with the gold standard, high sensitivity for most food types and acceptable internal consistency. It is an easy and affordable tool for recording food frequency in children under 10 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Ariza
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Arechavala
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Valmayor
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Serral
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luis Rajmil
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya (AQuAS), Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM-Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Schiaffino
- Ajuntament de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
- Hospitalet de Llobregat, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain
| | - Francesca Sánchez-Martínez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F, Chueca-Guindulain MJ, Berrade-Zubiri S, Moreno-Gónzalez P, Malumbres-Chacón M. [Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and associated factors in Spanish population of school children and adolescents]. Aten Primaria 2017; 50:422-429. [PMID: 28800913 PMCID: PMC6837093 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Analizar la prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D y factores asociados en escolares y adolescentes residentes en una región del norte peninsular. Diseño Estudio descriptivo transversal (muestreo de conveniencia). Emplazamiento Atención primaria. Participantes Fueron incluidos 602 sujetos sanos de raza caucásica con edades comprendidas entre 3,1 y 15,4 años. Mediciones principales Se ha calculado la prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D (variable dependiente) según los criterios de la US Endocrine Society: deficiencia (calcidiol < 20 ng/ml), insuficiencia (calcidiol: 20-29 ng/ml) y suficiencia (calcidiol ≥ 30 ng/ml). Se han registrado como variables independientes: sexo, edad, índice de masa corporal, lugar de residencia y estación del año, analizándose su asociación con la hipovitaminosis D mediante regresión logística múltiple. Resultados La prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D era del 60,4% (insuficiencia: 44,6%; deficiencia: 15,8%). Las variables asociadas con la hipovitaminosis D eran el sexo femenino (OR: 1,6; IC 95%: 1,1-2,3), la edad puberal (OR: 1,8; IC 95%: 1,2-2,6), las estaciones de otoño (OR: 9,5; IC 95%: 4,8-18,7), invierno (OR: 8,8; IC 95%: 4,5-17,5) y primavera (OR: 13,2; IC 95%: 6,4-27,5), el entorno urbano (OR:1,6; IC 95%: 1,1-2,2) y la obesidad severa (OR: 4,4; IC 95%: 1,9-10,3). Conclusiones En la población infantojuvenil existe una alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D, y los factores asociados son el sexo femenino, la edad puberal, el otoño, el invierno y la primavera, la obesidad severa y el entorno urbano. Habría que considerar la necesidad de administrar suplementos vitamínicos o ingerir mayores cantidades de sus fuentes dietéticas naturales y/o alimentos enriquecidos durante los meses de otoño, invierno y primavera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Durá-Travé
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España; Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, España.
| | | | - María Jesús Chueca-Guindulain
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, España
| | - Sara Berrade-Zubiri
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, España
| | - Paula Moreno-Gónzalez
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España
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Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F, Chueca-Guindulain MJ, Berrade-Zubiri S. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and associated factors in obese Spanish children. Nutr Diabetes 2017; 7:e248. [PMID: 28287628 PMCID: PMC5380890 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2016.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to endocrine health and disease (diabetes, autoimmune thyroid diseases, polycystic ovarian syndrome, etc.). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specific factors for hypovitaminosis D among children stratified by body mass index (BMI) in Northern Spain. Subjects/Methods: A cross-sectional clinical (sex, age, season of study visit, place of residence and BMI) and blood testing (calcium, phosphorous, calcidiol and parathyroid hormone (PTH)) were accomplished in 546 Caucasian individuals (aged 3.2–15.8 years). The BMI (Z-score) allowed establishing four groups: normal, overweight, obesity and severe obesity. The criteria of the US Endocrine Society were used for the definition of hypovitaminosis D. Results: Calcidiol levels were significantly higher in normal and overweight groups (P=0.001), whereas PTH levels were significantly higher in obesity and severe obesity groups (P=0.001). Hypovitaminosis D prevalence was significantly higher in severe obesity (81.1%) and obesity (68.2%) groups, whereas was lowest in overweight (55%) and normal (58.1%) groups (P=0.001). There was a negative correlation between calcidiol and PTH levels (P<0.01). Female (90.9%), adolescent group (88,2%), winter (100%) and autumn (82.4%) time and urban residence (94.1%) imply a higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in subjects with severe obesity (P<0.001). Female, puberal age, autumn, winter and spring time, urban residence and severe obesity were found to be independent predictors for hypovitaminosis D. Conclusions: Severe obesity could be considered as an associated factor for vitamin D deficiency, and, owing to its high prevalence, the implementation of systematic screening and hypovitaminosis treatment programs would be particularly useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Durá-Travé
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - M J Chueca-Guindulain
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Berrade-Zubiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Complex, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
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8
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Nutrient Intake and Depression Symptoms in Spanish Children: The ANIVA Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030352. [PMID: 27011198 PMCID: PMC4809015 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nutritional intake and depressive symptoms in Valencian schoolchildren. The ANIVA (Antropometria y Nutricion Infantil de Valencia) study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. During academic year 2013–2014, 710 schoolchildren aged 6–9 years were selected from eleven primary schools in Valencia (Spain). Children’s dietary intake was measured on three-day food records, completed by parents/guardians; children completed the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) Questionnaire to measure depressive symptoms. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), and z-scores were evaluated in all subjects. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using Spanish dietary recommended intakes (DRIs); 20.70% of the sample presented depressive symptoms. We identified a positive association between children with depressive symptoms and non-depressive symptoms for thiamin, vitamin K, and bromine (p < 0.05), and a negative association for protein, carbohydrates, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B12 and E, zinc, manganese, cobalt, and aluminum (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between both groups according to the DRIs for intakes of total energy (p = 0.026), fiber (p < 0.001), vitamin C (p < 0.001), vitamin E (p = 0.004), magnesium (p = 0.018), and iron (p = 0.013). Our results demonstrated that carbohydrates were the most closely associated factor with depressive symptoms, and highlight the potential significant public health implications of inadequate nutritional intake on schoolchildren’s mental health.
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Pampaloni B, Cianferotti L, Gronchi G, Bartolini E, Fabbri S, Tanini A, Brandi ML. Growing Strong and Healthy with Mister Bone: An Educational Program to Have Strong Bones Later in Life. Nutrients 2015; 7:9985-98. [PMID: 26633485 PMCID: PMC4690062 DOI: 10.3390/nu7125510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal peak bone mass and bone health later in life are favored by a sufficient calcium intake in infancy, childhood and adolescence. The purpose of this study was to test a new educational program created to monitor and to improve calcium and vitamin D intake in children. Nutritional habits in children were evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the intake of calcium, vitamin D, dairy products, and total caloric energy at baseline and after seven months of exposure to a unique educational program applied between November 2013 and May 2014 in 176 schoolchildren (48% male, 52% female) attending the fourth and fifth grades of two selected primary schools in Florence, Italy. A significant increase of calcium (from 870 ± 190 to 1100 ± 200 mg/day, p < 0.05), and vitamin D (from 3.6 ± 1.53 to 4.1 ± 2 µg/day) intake in children was documented after the educational program. The amount of specific foods important for bone health consumed, such as milk and vegetables, increased significantly, both in male and female children (p < 0.05). The proposed educational program appears to be effective in modifying calcium intake in children, with a significant increase in the consumption of dairy products and vegetables, but without a significant change in the total caloric intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pampaloni
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Luisella Cianferotti
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Gronchi
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Elisa Bartolini
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Sergio Fabbri
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Tanini
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, Florence 50139, Italy.
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