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Bartsch R, Aletaha D, Fuereder T, Aapro M, Jornayvaz FR, Lang PO, Migliorini D, Csajka C, Aretin MB, Dougoud-Chauvin V. Corticosteroid therapy in older adults with cancer: Expert recommendations from a task force of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology. J Geriatr Oncol 2024:102077. [PMID: 39424435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2024.102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Corticosteroids are used frequently in oncology and many patients require short- or long-term corticosteroid therapy. General clinical guidelines and recommendations exist on the use of corticosteroids; however, evidence is lacking for recommendations on their appropriate use in older adult with cancer. Treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) has dramatically improved over the last decade with 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists and neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists or a combination of both. However, corticosteroids continue to play an important role in the management of acute and delayed CINV prevention. While highly efficacious, the toxicity profile of corticosteroids must be considered, particularly in heterogeneous older patients with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. Guidance on corticosteroid-reducing/sparing strategies in this specific population is needed. This consensus, supported by the International Society of Geriatric Oncology, aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for the use of corticosteroid therapy in older adults with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Department of Medicine 3, Clinical Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thorsten Fuereder
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matti Aapro
- Genolier Cancer Centre, Genolier, Switzerland
| | - Francois R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Denis Migliorini
- Oncology Department, Neuro Oncology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Bernadette Aretin
- Pharmacy Department, Vienna General Hospital - Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sadarangani SP, Htun HL, Ling W, Hawkins R, Yeo TW, Rivino L, MacAry PA, Leo YS. Association of systemic vitamin D on the course of dengue virus infection in adults: a single-centre dengue cohort study at a large institution in Singapore. Singapore Med J 2024; 65:332-339. [PMID: 35651103 PMCID: PMC11232714 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2022064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Host immune responses may impact dengue severity in adults. Vitamin D has multiple immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive immunity. METHODS We evaluated the association between systemic 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) D] and dengue disease severity in adults. We measured plasma for total 25-(OH) D levels with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay using stored samples from participants with laboratory-confirmed dengue, who were prospectively enrolled in 2012-2016 at our institution. RESULTS A total of 80 participants (median age 43 years) were enrolled in the study. Six participants had severe dengue based on the World Health Organization (WHO) 1997 criteria (i.e. dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome) and another six had severe dengue based on the WHO 2009 criteria. Median 25-(OH) D at the acute phase of dengue was 6.175 (interquartile range 3.82-8.21, range 3.00-15.29) mcg/L in all participants. The 25-(OH) D showed an inverse linear trend with severe dengue manifestations based on the WHO 2009 criteria (adjusted risk ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.57-0.91, P < 0.01) after adjustment for age, gender and ethnicity. CONCLUSION Limited studies have evaluated the role of systemic 25-(OH) D on dengue severity. Our study found low systemic 25-(OH) D was associated with increased dengue disease severity, particularly for severe bleeding that was not explained by thrombocytopenia. Further studies investigating the underlying immune mechanisms and effects on the vascular endothelium are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna P Sadarangani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Htet Lin Htun
- Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Weiping Ling
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Robert Hawkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Tsin Wen Yeo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Laura Rivino
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Paul A MacAry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-Sin Leo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Yang J. Using nutrigenomics to guide personalized nutrition supplementation for bolstering immune system. Health Inf Sci Syst 2023; 11:4. [PMID: 36660409 PMCID: PMC9846659 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-022-00208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunity refers to the ability of the human immune system to resist pathogen infection. Immune system has the basic functions of immune defense, immune self stabilization and immune surveillance. Balanced nutrition is the cornerstone of the immune system to play its immune function, and nutritional intervention is also an important means to maintain and improve immunity. Previous studies have confirmed that T cells have individual differences in recognizing viral antigens of virus infected cells, and the body's response to antigens is controlled by a variety of genetic genes, such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, immune response (Ir) genes, etc. In this paper, through immunity genetic testing, we screen out genetically susceptible people with low immunity and people with the risk of nutrient metabolism disorders; through using lifestyle questionnaire and physical examination results, we analyze people's physical condition, dietary habits, and exercise habits to evaluate people's nutrient deficiency degree. Then, combining multi-dimensional health data, we evaluate users' immune status and nutritional deficiency risk comprehensively, further, we implemented personalized nutrition intervention on the types and doses of nutritional supplements to improve immunity. We also validated the effectiveness of our personalized nutrition solution through a population-based cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Yang
- School of Information Science, Beijing Language and Culture University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
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4
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Girsang RT, Rusmil K, Fadlyana E, Kartasasmita CB, Dwi Putra MG, Setiabudiawan B. Correlation Between Vitamin D Status and HBsAg Antibody Levels in Indonesian Adolescents Immunised Against Hepatitis B. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5183-5192. [PMID: 38021059 PMCID: PMC10640812 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s434290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem. Anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels increase along with vitamin D levels in adults. However, few studies have examined this relationship in adolescents. Few studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D and HBsAg antibody levels, especially in Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional study examined vitamin D and anti-HBsAg levels before and after hepatitis B immunisation. All subjects blood was taken to check for vitamin D level. This study was part of the Safety and Preliminary of Immunogenicity Following Recombinant Hepatitis B (Bio Farma) Vaccine in Adults and Children Phase I trial. Results This study found that 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status was primarily deficient based on endocrine criteria. The children's hepatitis B antibody response was mostly <10 mIU/mL before and ≥10 mIU/mL after vaccination. There was a relationship between sex and 25(OH)D status, with median 25(OH)D levels higher in females (18.2 ng/mL) than in males (9.8 ng/mL). However, the relationship between vitamin 25(OH)D status and anti-HBsAg levels pre- and post-vaccination was not significant. Discussion However, some research found that vitamin D supplementation after immunisation did not impact vaccine response, several studies have reported that vitamin D can decrease HBV replication through various mechanisms, including reducing viral transcription and interfering with viral protein synthesis. Conclusion There was no relationship between 25(OH)D status and anti-HBsAg levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and establish optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodman Tarigan Girsang
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Kusnandi Rusmil
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Eddy Fadlyana
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Cissy B Kartasasmita
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Gilang Dwi Putra
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Budi Setiabudiawan
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
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Sekhar Miraj S, Vyas N, Kurian SJ, Baral T, Thomas L, Reddy BS, Munisamy M, Banerjee M, Rao M. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and vitamin D supplementation on clinical/ treatment outcome in tuberculosis: current and future perspectives. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2022; 20:1179-1186. [PMID: 35608034 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.2081546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) is a transnational public health concern, which requires more precise treatment strategies than the existing approaches. Vitamin D modulates the inflammatory and immune response to the disease. Robust evidence shows that vitamin D deficiency and its receptor gene polymorphism influence the susceptibility to TB and the outcome of the anti-tubercular treatment (ATT). However, in the different populations, these findings were inconsistent and even contradictory. AREAS COVERED The current review focuses on the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism with the risk of development of TB disease and response to the ATT. Additionally, it reviews various systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the impact of vitamin D supplements on both clinical and treatment outcomes in TB patients. EXPERT OPINION Although the majority of the findings rule out the benefits of the supplementation, sufficient evidence is available to warrant larger epidemiological research that should be aimed to generate possible interaction among the VDR polymorphism, vitamin D status, and the outcome in TB. We conclude that establishing such an association in different ethnic populations will help design nutrigenomics- or pharmacogenomics-based vitamin D supplementation to develop a personalized medicine approach to flatten the curve of TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Navya Vyas
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Department of Health Policy, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Tejaswini Baral
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Levin Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - B Shrikar Reddy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Murali Munisamy
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Youssry S, Shalaby T, Maher AS, Ghoneim H. Association of hepatitis B vaccine response to vitamin D supplementation and ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure during different time intervals in experimental animals. Immunol Res 2022; 70:537-545. [PMID: 35585421 PMCID: PMC9273550 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The implications of vitamin D deficiency on the immune system have become clearer in recent years, being associated with less immune response following HBV vaccine. We aimed to elucidate the effect of vitamin D supplementation and UVB exposure on short- and long-term performance of hepatitis B vaccine. Forty-five male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups that were immunized with recombinant HBsAg. The first group (group I) represented a negative control group, whereas group III rabbits were administered with commercially available 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D as an alternative for UVB exposure in group II. Results showed that vitamin D concentrations were significantly higher in UVB exposed group compared to both negative control and vitamin D-supplemented groups during short- and long-time intervals. In addition, means of anti-HBsAg isotypes’ levels and anti-HBsAg IgG avidity% were significantly higher in negative control group compared to other groups during short- and long-time intervals. Moreover, vitamin D serum concentration was positively correlated with anti-HBsAg IgG level and avidity % in both negative control and vitamin D-supplemented groups, while it was negatively correlated with anti-HBsAg IgM level in negative control group. It can be concluded from the above results that UVB radiation may have both augmenting and suppressive effects and that circulating serum vitamin D concentration may have a positive association with premium immune modulation following HBV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Youssry
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horreya Avenue, El Hadara, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
| | - Thanaa Shalaby
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horreya Avenue, El- Hadara, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | | | - Hossam Ghoneim
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horreya Avenue, El Hadara, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
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Galușca D, Popoviciu MS, Babeș EE, Vidican M, Zaha AA, Babeș VV, Jurca AD, Zaha DC, Bodog F. Vitamin D Implications and Effect of Supplementation in Endocrine Disorders: Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders (Hashimoto’s Disease and Grave’s Disease), Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020194. [PMID: 35208518 PMCID: PMC8877323 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is involved in numerous pathologies, including endocrine pathology. The purpose of this review consists of presenting the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of certain endocrine disorders, autoimmune thyroid disorders (Hashimoto’s disease and Grave’s disease), diabetes mellitus, and obesity, and whether its supplementation can influence the outcome of these diseases. Materials and Methods: Review articles and original articles from the literature were consulted that corresponded with the thematic. Results: Vitamin D deficiency is frequently encountered in endocrine disorders and supplementation restores the normal values. In Hashimoto’s disease, vitamin D deficiency appears to be correlated with a higher titer of anti-TPO antibodies and with thyroid volume, and supplementation was associated with reduction of antibodies in some studies. In other studies, supplementation appeared to reduce TSH levels. In Grave’s disease, there was a significant correlation regarding vitamin D levels and thyroid volume respective to the degree of exophthalmos. In diabetes mellitus type 2 patients, supplementation led to some improvement of the HOMA-IR index and HbA1c, whereas obesity data from literature do not report significant beneficial findings. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in endocrine disorders and its supplementation appears to have numerous beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Galușca
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (D.G.); (M.S.P.); (E.E.B.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Mihaela Simona Popoviciu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (D.G.); (M.S.P.); (E.E.B.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Emilia Elena Babeș
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (D.G.); (M.S.P.); (E.E.B.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Mădălina Vidican
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.V.); (A.D.J.)
| | - Andreea Atena Zaha
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Vlad Victor Babeș
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (D.G.); (M.S.P.); (E.E.B.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Alexandru Daniel Jurca
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.V.); (A.D.J.)
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.V.); (A.D.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Florian Bodog
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
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Falahi S, Kenarkoohi A. Host factors and vaccine efficacy: Implications for COVID-19 vaccines. J Med Virol 2021; 94:1330-1335. [PMID: 34845730 PMCID: PMC9015327 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of the vaccines varies between individuals and populations. The immunogenicity of the vaccine is influenced by various factors, including host factors. Previous studies have shown that host factors affect the effectiveness of vaccines, which may be true about COVID‐19 vaccines. In this review, we evaluate the possible association of host factors with vaccine efficacy with a special focus on COVID‐19 vaccines. In general, immunosenescence, inflammaging, poor diet, diversity and composition of gut microbiota, and high prevalence of comorbidities are associated with lower vaccine responses in aged people. Immune responses vary between two sexes, which can lead to sex disparities in vaccine responses. Vaccines are less effective in low‐ and middle‐income countries compare to high‐income countries, but malnutrition can contribute. Association between individual microbiota composition and vaccination response has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Falahi
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Azra Kenarkoohi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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9
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Cromer SJ, Yu EW. Challenges and Opportunities for Osteoporosis Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4795-e4808. [PMID: 34343287 PMCID: PMC8385842 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has both directly and indirectly affected osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment throughout the world. METHODS This mini-review summarizes the available evidence regarding the effects of COVID-19, its treatment, and the consequences of the pandemic itself on bone health. Additionally, we review evidence and expert recommendations regarding putative effects of osteoporosis medications on COVID-19 outcomes and vaccine efficacy and summarize recommendations for continuation of osteoporosis treatment during the pandemic. RESULTS The use of standard screening procedures to assess for osteoporosis and fracture risk declined dramatically early in the pandemic, while rates of fragility fractures were largely unchanged. COVID-19, its treatments, and public health measures to prevent viral spread are each likely to negatively affect bone health. Osteoporosis treatments are not known to increase risk of adverse events from COVID-19, and preclinical data suggest possible beneficial effects of some therapies. Vitamin D deficiency is clearly associated with adverse outcomes from COVID-19, but it remains unclear whether vitamin D supplementation may improve outcomes. Osteoporosis treatment should be continued whenever possible, and recommendations for substituting therapies, if required, are available. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has decreased screening and disrupted treatment for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis medications are safe and effective during the pandemic and should be continued whenever possible. Further studies are needed to fully understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Cromer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School;Boston, MA
| | - Elaine W Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School;Boston, MA
- Corresponding Author: Elaine W. Yu, MD, MGH Endocrine Unit, 50 Blossom Street, Thier 1051, Boston, MA 02114,
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10
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Wang M, Zhou Y, Yan Y. Vitamin D status and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in acne patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3802-3807. [PMID: 33690970 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, affects approximately 85% of adolescents and young adults.The level of vitamin D in acne patients and the effect on acne patients of a vitamin D supplementation have previously been documented; however, it remains to be disputed whether vitamin D deficiency is normal in acne patients. AIMS This paper explores the relationship between vitamin D and acne levels and the advantageous implications of vitamin D supplements on acne. METHODS From every database start date until December 2020, we checked the PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and the Cochrane libraries. Case-controls or randomized controlled trial reporting on the serum 25(OH)D level and the efficacy of vitamin D supplement to acne patients were included. RESULTS The serum 25(OH)D levels in acne patients is lower (standardized mean difference = -7.66 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -10.92 to -4.40). Articles also revealed the prospect of a therapeutic breakthrough through the supplementing of vitamin D for acne patients. CONCLUSION Our research offers a new guide in the field of acne prevention and health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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11
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Demers-Mathieu V, Mathijssen G, Dapra C, Do DM, Medo E. Active free secretory component and secretory IgA in human milk: do maternal vaccination, allergy, infection, mode of delivery, nutrition and active lifestyle change their concentrations? Pediatr Res 2021; 89:795-802. [PMID: 32434213 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Free secretory component (free SC) in human milk is a critical constituent of secretory IgA (SIgA) for immune exclusion, but its concentration in human milk is unknown. To evaluate the relationship between free SC and SIgA, the influence of maternal factors (vaccination during pregnancy, allergy, previous infections, nutrition, mode of delivery and active lifestyle) on the concentrations of those secretory immune components in human milk was investigated. METHODS Concentration of active free SC and SIgA in 124 milk samples from 91 mothers were measured via ELISA. RESULTS Free SC in milk from Tdap-vaccinated mothers was lower than the Tdap-flu-vaccinated, flu-vaccinated or Rhogam-vaccinated mothers. Free SC in mothers who had a cesarean delivery was higher than mothers who had a vaginal delivery. Free SC in the nonallergic group was higher than the allergic group. Free SC was higher in mothers who rarely/never eat junk food, than in mothers who always/frequently eat junk food. Free SC also was higher in the moderate exercise group (active lifestyle) compared with the group who rarely/never exercise (sedentary lifestyle). Free SC in human milk was not affected by previous maternal infection or probiotic supplementation whereas SIgA was not changed by all investigated maternal factors. CONCLUSION This study suggests that active free SC is more impacted by maternal factors than active SIgA in human milk. IMPACT Active free secretory component (free SC) is more impacted by maternal factors than active secretory IgA (SIgA) in human milk. Vaccination during pregnancy, allergy, nutrition, type of delivery and active lifestyle affect the secretion of free SC in human milk, but not SIgA secretion. Free SC in human milk is a critical constituent of secretory IgA (SIgA) for immune exclusion against pathogens and its active concentration in milk strongly varies between mothers, partially due to their specific maternal background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Demers-Mathieu
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories (A Public Benefit Corporation), Boulder City, NV, USA.
| | - Gabrielle Mathijssen
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories (A Public Benefit Corporation), Boulder City, NV, USA
| | - Ciera Dapra
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories (A Public Benefit Corporation), Boulder City, NV, USA
| | - Dung M Do
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories (A Public Benefit Corporation), Boulder City, NV, USA
| | - Elena Medo
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories (A Public Benefit Corporation), Boulder City, NV, USA
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12
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Zhao R, Zhang W, Ma C, Zhao Y, Xiong R, Wang H, Chen W, Zheng SG. Immunomodulatory Function of Vitamin D and Its Role in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:574967. [PMID: 33679732 PMCID: PMC7933459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.574967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is one of the most important nutrients required by the human body. It is a steroid hormone that plays an important role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and bone health. Epidemiological studies have revealed a close correlation between vitamin D and many common chronic diseases. Additionally, vitamin D has recently been shown to act as an immunomodulatory hormone, and, accordingly, vitamin D deficiency was uncovered as a risk factor for autoimmune thyroid diseases, although the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. It is therefore necessary to disclose the role and mechanism of action of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of autoimmune thyroid diseases. This knowledge will help design intervention and early treatment strategies for patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases who present with low levels of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chenghong Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hanmin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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13
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Abraham J, Dowling K, Florentine S. Can Optimum Solar Radiation Exposure or Supplemented Vitamin D Intake Reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Symptoms? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E740. [PMID: 33467131 PMCID: PMC7829816 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The foremost mortality-causing symptom associated with COVID-19 is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A significant correlation has been identified between the deficiency in vitamin D and the risk of developing ARDS. It has been suggested that if we can reduce or modify ARDS in COVID-19 patients, we may significantly reduce the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and associated mortality rates. The increased mortality of dark-skinned people, who have a reduced UV absorption capacity, may be consistent with diminished vitamin D status. The factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, such as old age, ethnicity, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, are all found to be linked with vitamin D deficiency. Based on this review and as a precautionary measure, it is suggested that the adoption of appropriate and safe solar exposure and vitamin D enriched foods and supplements should be considered to reduce the possible severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Safe sun exposure is deemed beneficial globally, specifically in low and middle-income countries, as there is no cost involved. It is also noted that improved solar exposure and vitamin D levels can reduce the impact of other diseases as well, thus assisting in maintaining general human well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Abraham
- School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Mount Helen Campus, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia;
| | - Kim Dowling
- School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Mount Helen Campus, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia;
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Singarayer Florentine
- School of Science, Psychology, and Sport, Centre for Environmental Management, Mount Helen Campus, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia;
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14
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Vyas N, Kurian SJ, Bagchi D, Manu MK, Saravu K, Unnikrishnan MK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rao M, Miraj SS. Vitamin D in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: Current Perspective and Future Prospects. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:632-645. [PMID: 32870735 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1806758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) partly explains geographical differences in COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and mortality. VDD among African-Americans, diabetics, hypertensive, and aged populations possibly explain the higher death rate, aggravated by cocooning. Vitamin D is pleiotropic, mediating bone metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and immune functions, whereas VDD is associated with inflammatory reactions and immune dysfunction, predisposing individuals to severe infections. Vitamin D modulates innate and adaptive immunity via the expression of genes that code antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). And the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)14, the co-receptor for epidermal toll-like receptor (TLR)4. AMPs stimulate TLR2 in macrophages, increasing the conversion of vitamin D into its active form by cytochrome P450 27B1. Antiviral properties of vitamin D-induced AMPs can shift the polarization of the adaptive immune response from helper T cells (Th)1 to the more regulatory Th2 responses that suppress immune over-reactivity by preventing cytokine storm, which is already demonstrated during the Spanish flu episode. Vitamin D induces antiviral effects by both direct and indirect mechanisms via AMPs, immunomodulation, the interplay between major cellular and viral elements, induction of autophagy and apoptosis, variation of genetic and epigenetic factors. The crosstalk between vitamin D and intracellular signaling pathways may operate as a primary regulatory action on viral gene transcription. VDD may increase the likelihood of infection with enveloped viruses, including retrovirus, hepatitis, and dengue. Global data correlates severe VDD with COVID-19 associated coagulopathy, disrupted immune response and mortality, reduced platelet count, and prolonged prothrombin time, suggesting benefits from supplementation.Key teaching pointsVitamin D induces antiviral effects by direct and indirect mechanisms via AMPs, immunomodulation, induction of autophagy, etc.Epidemiology of VDD partly explains geographical differences in COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and mortality.Global data correlates severe VDD with COVID-19 associated coagulopathy, disrupted immune response and mortality, reduced platelet count, and prolonged prothrombin time, together suggesting benefits from supplementation.Many clinical trials are underway globally to delineate the role of vitamin D in both prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Vyas
- Department of Health Policy, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohan K Manu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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15
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Kashi DS, Oliver SJ, Wentz LM, Roberts R, Carswell AT, Tang JCY, Jackson S, Izard RM, Allan D, Rhodes LE, Fraser WD, Greeves JP, Walsh NP. Vitamin D and the hepatitis B vaccine response: a prospective cohort study and a randomized, placebo-controlled oral vitamin D 3 and simulated sunlight supplementation trial in healthy adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:475-491. [PMID: 32390123 PMCID: PMC7867563 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D relationship with hepatitis B vaccination (study 1). Then, to investigate the effects on hepatitis B vaccination of achieving vitamin D sufficiency (serum 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L) by a unique comparison of simulated sunlight and oral vitamin D3 supplementation in wintertime (study 2). Methods Study 1 involved 447 adults. In study 2, 3 days after the initial hepatitis B vaccination, 119 men received either placebo, simulated sunlight (1.3 × standard-erythema dose, 3 × /week for 4 weeks and then 1 × /week for 8 weeks) or oral vitamin D3 (1000 IU/day for 4 weeks and 400 IU/day for 8 weeks). We measured hepatitis B vaccination efficacy as percentage of responders with anti-hepatitis B surface antigen immunoglobulin G ≥ 10 mIU/mL. Results In study 1, vaccine response was poorer in persons with low vitamin D status (25(OH)D ≤ 40 vs 41–71 nmol/L mean difference [95% confidence interval] − 15% [− 26, − 3%]; 1,25(OH)2D ≤ 120 vs ≥ 157 pmol/L − 12% [− 24%, − 1%]). Vaccine response was also poorer in winter than summer (− 18% [− 31%, − 3%]), when serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were at seasonal nadirs, and 81% of persons had serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L. In study 2, vitamin D supplementation strategies were similarly effective in achieving vitamin D sufficiency from the winter vitamin D nadir in almost all (~ 95%); however, the supplementation beginning 3 days after the initial vaccination did not effect the vaccine response (vitamin D vs placebo 4% [− 21%, 14%]). Conclusion Low vitamin D status at initial vaccination was associated with poorer hepatitis B vaccine response (study 1); however, vitamin D supplementation commencing 3 days after vaccination (study 2) did not influence the vaccination response. Clinical trial registry number Study 1 NCT02416895; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT02416895; Study 2 NCT03132103; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03132103. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-020-02261-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Kashi
- College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2PZ, UK.,Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Samuel J Oliver
- College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2PZ, UK.
| | - Laurel M Wentz
- Beaver College of Health Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, USA
| | - Ross Roberts
- College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2PZ, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah Jackson
- Department of Army Health and Physical Performance Research, Army HQ, Andover, UK
| | - Rachel M Izard
- Occupational Medicine, HQ Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command, Upavon, UK
| | - Donald Allan
- Medical Physics Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lesley E Rhodes
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Julie P Greeves
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Army Health and Physical Performance Research, Army HQ, Andover, UK
| | - Neil P Walsh
- Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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16
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Anderson J, Do LAH, Toh ZQ, Hoe E, Reitsma A, Mulholland K, Licciardi PV. Vitamin D Induces Differential Effects on Inflammatory Responses During Bacterial and/or Viral Stimulation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:602. [PMID: 32318074 PMCID: PMC7154168 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are the leading causes of respiratory infections amongst children <5 years of age. Co-infection with these pathogens is common during early life and often associated with increased disease severity. Epidemiological studies have shown that low levels of Vitamin D3 (VitD3) are associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory pathogens. However, the role of VitD3 in the context of pneumococcal and RSV exposure are poorly understood. We found that VitD3 significantly reduced Th17 cell expression and IL-17A and IL-22 secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when stimulated with a pneumococcal whole cell antigen (WCA). Levels of IFN-γ were also decreased whilst IL-10 and IL-1β were increased. Effects of VitD3 on innate responses following RSV stimulation was limited, only reducing IL-6. VitD3 also reduced the number of TLR2+CD14+ monocytes, whilst increasing TLR7+CD14+ monocytes and TLR4+CD56+ NK cells. In WCA-stimulated PBMCs, VitD3 increased IL-1β levels but reduced TLR2+CD14+ monocytes. For pneumococcal WCA-RSV co-stimulation, VitD3 only had a limited effect, mainly through increased IL-1β and RANTES as well as TLR4+CD56+ NK cells. Our results suggest that VitD3 can modulate the inflammatory response to pneumococci but has limited effects during viral or bacterial-viral exposure. This is the first study to examine the effects of VitD3 in the context of pneumococcal-RSV co-stimulation, with important implications on the potential role of VitD3 in the control of excessive inflammatory responses during pneumococcal and RSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lien Anh Ha Do
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zheng Quan Toh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Edwin Hoe
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Reitsma
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim Mulholland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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17
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Ahmed Mohamed A, Salah Ahmed EM, Abdel-Aziz RTA, Eldeeb Abdallah HH, El-Hanafi H, Hussein G, Abbassi MM, El Borolossy R. The impact of active vitamin D administration on the clinical outcomes of acne vulgaris. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 32:756-761. [PMID: 31868550 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1708852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has a role in various inflammatory skin diseases as acne. This study aimed to investigate the serum level of 25 hydroxy vitamin D in acne patients and to assess the efficacy and safety of active vitamin D in management of acne. This study was conducted on 100 patients with acne and 100 healthy controls, then the 100 acne patients were randomized to either the study group that received 0.25ug alfacalcidol daily or the placebo group that received oral placebo during the 3 months study period. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were significantly lower in acne patients than in healthy control and were inversely correlated to the severity of acne. After alfacalcidol administration, the study group showed significant higher level of 25(OH) D levels (p < .05) compared to placebo group. In addition, median serum level of IL6 and TNFα significantly decreased (p < .05) in the study group in comparison to placebo group and as compared to their baseline results. Acne patients are more commonly to have vitamin D deficiency as compared to healthy people and hence, alfacalcidol might have a beneficial role in the acne management with no reported side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, National Hepatology & Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Salah Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha T A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Dermatology, STDs and Andrology, Faculty of medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Hadeel El-Hanafi
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr El-Einy hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maggie M Abbassi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Radwa El Borolossy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Serum Vitamin D and Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1324:21-28. [PMID: 32946038 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure that reduces the risk of influenza and post-influenza complications. It prevents influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths in 50-60% and about 80% of patients aged over 65, respectively. There is the clinical plausibility of the association between serum vitamin D (VIT D) content and viral respiratory infections. In this study, we addressed the issue of a vitamin D modulatory effect on the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination in elderly persons. The study comprised 96 participants aged 60-75 during the 2016/17 epidemic season. After the determination of the baseline content of VIT D and anti-hemagglutinin antibodies (H1, H3, and HB), participants were vaccinated with a trivalent vaccine. The content of the anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was rechecked 4-5 weeks afterward, showing inappreciable alterations. The negative findings of this study make the influence of serum VIT D content on the immunogenicity of influenza vaccination highly unlikely in elderly persons.
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19
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Mandlik R, Mughal Z, Khadilkar A, Chiplonkar S, Ekbote V, Kajale N, Patwardhan V, Padidela R, Khadilkar V. Occurrence of infections in schoolchildren subsequent to supplementation with vitamin D-calcium or zinc: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 14:117-126. [PMID: 32256986 PMCID: PMC7075745 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vitamin D and zinc are recognized for their roles in immune-modulation, and their deficiencies are suggested to be important risk factors for childhood infections. This study, therefore, undertook to assess the occurrence of infections in rural Indian schoolchildren, subsequent to daily supplementation with vitamin D-calcium or zinc for 6 months. MATERIALS/METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in apparently healthy 6–12 year-old rural Indian children, recruited to 3 study arms: vitamin D arm (1,000 IU D3 - 500 mg calcium, n = 135), zinc arm (10 mg, n = 150) and placebo arm (n = 150). The infection status was assessed using a validated questionnaire, and the biochemical parameters of serum 25(OH)D and serum zinc were measured by ELISA and colorimetry, respectively. The primary outcome variable was occurrence of infections (upper respiratory and total infections). RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D concentration in the vitamin D arm improved significantly by 34%, from 59.7 ± 10.9 nmol/L to 80 ± 23.3 nmol/L (P < 0.0001), but no improvement was observed for serum zinc concentration. While there was significant increase in the percentage of children reporting no or mild upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and total infections (TI) in all three groups, improvements in the supplemented groups were similar to the placebo group. However, the vitamin D arm reported lower URTI and TI status in the vitamin D sufficient versus insufficient children. Also, URTI and TI status were found to be significantly (P < 0.0001) lower in children with improved 25(OH)D versus unchanged 25(OH)D. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D-calcium supplementation helped to improve the vitamin D status but exerts no effect on the occurrence of infections when compared to the placebo group. Improvement in the serum 25(OH)D concentrations and attainment of vitamin D sufficiency may exert a beneficial effect on the infection status and needs to be investigated further. To evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation, higher dosages need to be administered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Mandlik
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India.,Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Road, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Zulf Mughal
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolic Bone Diseases, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Anuradha Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India.,Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Road, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shashi Chiplonkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Veena Ekbote
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha Kajale
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vivek Patwardhan
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raja Padidela
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolic Bone Diseases, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Vaman Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune - 411001, Maharashtra, India
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20
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Plasma 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D is not Associated with Acne Vulgaris. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101525. [PMID: 30336597 PMCID: PMC6212990 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the association between Acne vulgaris (AV) and vitamin D level. In this study we aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-VitD) level and AV in a country with plenty of sunshine. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 714 adolescents who were randomly selected from public schools using multistage cluster random sampling with probability proportional to size. 25-OH-VitD levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) was used to assess the severity of AV. Data on potential confounders were collected from the parents through a self-administered questionnaire, and from the adolescents using a face-to-face interview. Of 714 participants, 351 (41.16%) were males. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age was 12.28 (0.81) years. AV was observed in 479 (67.1%) adolescents. There was no significant association between 25-OH-VitD level and clinically assessed AV before or after adjusting for potential confounders. This was consistent whether 25-OH-VitD was fitted as a continuous variable or categorized using acceptable cutoff points or tertiles. In this study vitamin D status was not associated with AV, therefore our data do not support vitamin D supplementation either to treat or to prevent AV.
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21
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K Nearest Neighbor Algorithm Coupled with Metabonomics to Study the Therapeutic Mechanism of Sendeng-4 in Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2484912. [PMID: 29681970 PMCID: PMC5842719 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2484912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
As a traditional Mongolian medicine, Sendeng-4 (SD) has been widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Inner Mongolia and exhibits a good curative effect. Unfortunately, due to geographical factors, it is difficult to popularize this drug throughout the whole country, and the mechanism of action of SD has been unclear. In this study, a serum metabolite profile analysis was performed to identify potential biomarkers associated with adjuvant-induced RA and investigate the mechanism of action of SD. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was performed for the metabonomics analysis. K nearest neighbor (KNN) models were established in both positive and negative spectra for classifying data from the control, model, and SD administration groups. Accuracy rate for classification was 95.8% in positive ion mode and 91.7% in negative ion mode. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) enabled the identification of 12 metabolites as potential biomarkers of adjuvant-induced RA. After treatment with SD, the levels of uridine triphosphate, calcitroic acid, dynorphin B (6-9), and docosahexaenoic acid were restored to normal, indicating that SD likely ameliorated RA by regulating the levels of these biomarkers. This study identified early biomarkers of RA and elucidated the underlying mechanism of action of SD, which is worth further investigation for development as a clinical therapy.
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22
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Alexander BM, Ingold BC, Young JL, Fensterseifer SR, Wechsler PJ, Austin KJ, Larson-Meyer DE. Sunlight exposure increases vitamin D sufficiency in growing pigs fed a diet formulated to exceed requirements. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 59:37-43. [PMID: 27930936 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional confinement practices limit exposure to sunlight and vitamin D synthesis, and vitamin insufficiency occurs even with dietary supplementation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of limited sun exposure on serum concentration of vitamin D and the expression of vitamin D synthesizing enzymes in the liver and kidney of pigs on a vitamin D sufficient diet. White-pigmented grower pigs (29.7 ± 2.3 kg) fed 15% CP diet ad libitum providing >1,200 IU vitamin D3/kg of feed were exposed to sunlight for 1 h each day at solar noon for 14 d at the spring equinox (March pigs, n = 10) or summer solstice (June pigs, n = 5) and again before slaughter in June (March pigs) and September (June pigs). Blood for the analysis of 25(OH)D was collected before and after sunlight exposure. Traditionally housed pigs served as controls. After initial sun exposure, blood samples were collected from June pigs daily for 5 d and weekly for 8 wk to determine vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D decay, respectively. Kidney and liver samples were collected from the June pigs at slaughter after sun exposure for analysis of messenger RNA expression of vitamin D binding protein and synthesizing/degrading enzymes. Average daily gain (ADG) was not influenced (P > 0.5) by sunlight exposure. June pigs had fewer days on feed, lower (P = 0.003) ADG and were slaughtered at a lighter (P < 0.001) weight. Exposure to sunlight increased (P < 0.001) 25(OH) vitamin D for all pigs. March pigs, obtained from a Midwest producer, had lower (P < 0.001) concentration of 25(OH)D than June pigs born on-farm. Initial sunlight exposure increased serum concentration of 25(OH)D in March pigs by 200% and June pigs by 67%. Serum concentration of vitamin D3 was decreased (P < 0.05) by 72 h with 25(OH)D decreased (P < 0.05) by wk 4 after exposure. Expression of vitamin D binding protein, vitamin D synthesizing CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP2D25, or degrading enzyme CYP24A1 were not influenced (P ≥ 0.19) by sunlight exposure. Expression of CYP27B1 was decreased (P = 0.04) in the kidney but tended to be increased (P = 0.06) in the liver after sun exposure. These results suggest limited sun exposure can efficiently increase serum concentration of vitamin D in growing pigs with varying levels of vitamin sufficiency. The lack of major changes in vitamin synthesizing enzymes suggests the 14-d exposure period did not saturate the capacity of slaughter-weight pigs to synthesize vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Alexander
- Deparment of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - B C Ingold
- Department of Family and Consumer Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - J L Young
- Deparment of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - S R Fensterseifer
- Deparment of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - P J Wechsler
- Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - K J Austin
- Deparment of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - D E Larson-Meyer
- Department of Family and Consumer Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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Jafarzadeh A, Keshavarz J, Bagheri-Jamebozorgi M, Nemati M, Frootan R, Shokri F. The association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody at 20years after primary vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in infancy. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2017; 41:66-74. [PMID: 27459879 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Vitamin D has potent immunoregulatory effects due to the expression of its receptor on the majority of immune cells. The aim was to evaluate the association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and immune response to booster immunization at 20years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B (HB) vaccine. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 300 adults 20years after completion of the primary HB vaccination in infancy. The serum levels of vitamin D and anti-HBs antibody were measured by ELISA. A single booster dose of a recombinant HB vaccine was administered to a total of 138 subjects, whose anti-HBs titer was<10IU/L. The sera of revaccinated subjects were re-tested for anti-HBs antibody, 4weeks after booster vaccination. RESULTS At 20years after primary vaccination, the mean vitamin D concentrations were significantly higher in seroprotective subjects as compared to non-seroprotective individuals (P<0.01). The levels of anti-HBs were significantly increased with advanced concentrations of vitamin D (P<0.01). Overall, 125/138 (90.6%) of the revaccinated subjects showed an anamnestic response to booster vaccination. The concentrations of vitamin D were significantly higher in subjects with an anamnestic response to booster vaccination as compared with subjects without this response (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Vitamin D status may influence the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and durability of protection after primary vaccination with a recombinant HB vaccine in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - J Keshavarz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Bagheri-Jamebozorgi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Nemati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - R Frootan
- Islamic Azad University of Flavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - F Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Delomas C, Hertzog M, Vogel T, Lang PO. Vitamin D Supplementation in Nursing Home Residents: Randomized Single Cholecalciferol Loading Protocol vs. Individualized Loading Dose Regimen. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:421-428. [PMID: 28346569 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of a single cholecalciferol loading protocol in nursing home (NH) residents taking no VitD supplementation at regular basis. DESIGN Randomized single-blind controlled study. SETTING One NH. PARTICIPANTS All residents. INTERVENTION From March 21st to May 19th, 2015, NH residents were randomly assigned to either 4x100'000IU to be taken every 2 weeks (treatment group) or an individualized regimen according to baseline 25(OH)VitD level (control group). MEASUREMENTS 25(OH)VitD, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, and creatinine serum levels were centrally measured at day 7 after the last dose in both groups, and at baseline in the control group. RESULTS 111 residents (mean age 85.1±6.7 years) were randomized to the treatment (N=53) or the control group (N=58). No significant difference in terms of demographic characteristics, risk for osteoporosis, and past history of VitD supplementation was measured. At baseline, 37.9%, 25.5% and 5.2% were respectively sub-optimal, insufficient, and deficient for VitD. Whatever the study group, at the 7th day after the last dose of cholecalciferol, 100% of residents reached serum values ≥20ng/mL (p value for non-inferiority <0.001 and p value for superiority p=1.00) and 93.6 vs. 88.2% reached values ≥30ng/mL in the treatment and control group respectively (p value for non-inferiority <0.01 and p value for superiority p=0.48). While mean value was higher in the treatment group (50.2±615.4 vs. 35.8±66.5ng/mL; p<0.0001), none of participants have seen their value >150 ng/mL. Not any biological adverse effects was measured. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that a single loading protocol is at least as effective and safe as tailored regimen in terms of the ability to rapidly normalize 25(OH)VitD values. The often required dosage of 25(OH)VitD is reasonably not necessary to initiate VitD supplementation protocol in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delomas
- Lang Pierre-Olivier, Geriatric medicine and Geriatric rehabilitation division, Department of medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Chemin de Mont Paisible 16, MP16/04/414, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland, E-Mail: Pierre ; Tel: +41.(0)21.314.37.04; Fax: +41.(0)21.314.17.20
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25
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Crum-Cianflone NF, Won S, Lee R, Lalani T, Ganesan A, Burgess T, Agan BK. Vitamin D levels and influenza vaccine immunogenicity among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults. Vaccine 2016; 34:5040-5046. [PMID: 27577557 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is the most important preventive strategy against influenza, however post-vaccination antibody responses are often inadequate especially among HIV-infected persons. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to adversely influence immune responses and is highly prevalent among HIV-infected adults. Therefore, we evaluated the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and post-influenza vaccination responses. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study evaluating the immunogenicity of monovalent influenza A (H1N1) vaccination among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults (18-50years of age) during the 2009-2010 influenza season. Antibody titers were evaluated at baseline, day 28, and 6months post-vaccination using hemagluttination inhibition assays. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at day 28. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses examined the association between 25(OH)D levels [categorized as <20ng/ml (deficiency) vs. ⩾20ng/ml] with the primary outcome of seroconversion. Secondary outcomes included seroprotection; a ⩾4-fold increase in titers; and geometric mean titers post-vaccination. Analyses were repeated using 25(OH)D levels as a continuous variable. RESULTS A total of 128 adults [64 HIV-infected (median CD4 count 580cells/mm(3)) and 64 HIV-uninfected] were included. Seroconversion at day 28 post-vaccination was achieved in fewer HIV-infected participants compared with HIV-uninfected participants (56% vs. 74%, p=0.03). Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among HIV-infected persons vs. HIV-uninfected persons (25% vs. 17%), although not significantly different (p=0.39). There were no associations found between lower 25(OH)D levels and poorer antibody responses at day 28 or 6months for any of the study outcomes among either HIV-infected or HIV-uninfected adults. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency was common among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults, but lower levels did not predict antibody responses after H1N1 (2009) influenza vaccination. Low 25(OH)D levels do not explain poorer post-vaccination responses among HIV-infected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy F Crum-Cianflone
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States; Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States; Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Seunghyun Won
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rachel Lee
- Operational Infectious Diseases, Naval Health Res. Ctr., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tahaniyat Lalani
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States; Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, United States
| | - Anuradha Ganesan
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Timothy Burgess
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brian K Agan
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
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26
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Zimmerman RK, Lin CJ, Raviotta JM, Nowalk MP. Do vitamin D levels affect antibody titers produced in response to HPV vaccine? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:2345-9. [PMID: 26176493 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1062955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-known effects on bone metabolism, vitamin D is an immunomodulating hormone. Serum vitamin D levels in males 18-25 years were measured at baseline, and HPV antibody titers were measured one month following the third quadrivalent HPV vaccine dose. Vitamin D levels were ≥ 30 ng/ml (normal) in 60 males and <30 ng/ml (low) in 113 males. Reverse cumulative distribution curves and scatter plots showed higher antibody titers with low vitamin D for all vaccine strains (P < 0.05). In linear regression analyses, antibody titers for all HPV strains were significantly higher among those with lower vitamin D levels and among younger participants (P < 0.05). These relationships add to the body of knowledge of the complex role of vitamin D in immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K Zimmerman
- a Department of Family Medicine ; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Chyongchiou Jeng Lin
- a Department of Family Medicine ; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Jonathan M Raviotta
- a Department of Family Medicine ; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Mary Patricia Nowalk
- a Department of Family Medicine ; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh PA USA
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Szymczak I, Pawliczak R. The Active Metabolite of Vitamin D3 as a Potential Immunomodulator. Scand J Immunol 2016; 83:83-91. [PMID: 26678915 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past, vitamin D was known for its classical, skeletal action as a regulator of calcium and bone homoeostasis. Currently, vitamin D was found to have a role in numerous physiological processes in the human body; thus, vitamin D has pleiotropic activity. The studies carried out in the past two decades showed the role of vitamin D in the regulation of immune system functions. Basically, these effects may be mediated not only via endocrine mechanism of circulating calcitriol but also via paracrine one (based on cell-cell communication that leads to production of signal inducing the changes in nearby/adjacent cells and modulating their differentiation or behaviour) and intracrine mechanism (the action of vitamin D inside a cell) of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2 D3 ) synthetized from its precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 ). Both vitamin D receptor (VDR) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) are expressed in several types of immune cells (i.e. antigen presenting cells, T and B cells), and thus, they are able to synthetize the bioactive form of vitamin D that modulates both the innate and adaptive immune system. This review discusses the role of vitamin D as regulator of immune system, and our understanding of how vitamin D regulates both adaptive and innate immunity as well as inflammatory cascade on the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Szymczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medical Science and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - R Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medical Science and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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The Association of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms with Multiple Sclerosis in a Case-Control Study from Kuwait. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142265. [PMID: 26540116 PMCID: PMC4634763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with several diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). Several factors influence vitamin D levels and its optimal multi-function maintenance. Our objective was to assess quantifiable variables influencing vitamin D level and metabolism in MS patients from Kuwait. In a case-control study involving 50 MS patients, and 50 healthy control individuals for which plasma vitamin D levels, supplement use, vitamin D receptor (VDR) variants, and skin pigmentation indices were ascertained; we found overall vitamin D levels to be deficient in both groups, and supplement use to be common practice. VDR variants TaqI and BsmI associated with MS risk, and ApaI associated with low disease progression. VDR variant FokI associated with higher vitamin D levels in both groups. We conclude that several quantifiable variables related to vitamin D associate with MS suggesting a possible clinical immuno-modulatory application of vitamin D for MS patients in Kuwait.
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Barragan M, Good M, Kolls JK. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Function by Vitamin D. Nutrients 2015; 7:8127-51. [PMID: 26402698 PMCID: PMC4586578 DOI: 10.3390/nu7095383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last two decades have revealed profound immunomodulatory aspects of vitamin D on various aspects of the immune system. This review will provide an overview of Vitamin D metabolism, a description of dendritic cell subsets, and highlight recent advances on the effects of vitamin D on dendritic cell function, maturation, cytokine production and antigen presentation. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, has important immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Specifically, the 1,25(OH)2D3-Vitamin D3 complex can affect the maturation and migration of many dendritic cell subsets, conferring a special immunoregulatory role as well as tolerogenic properties affecting cytokine and chemokine production. Furthermore, there have been many recent studies demonstrating the effects of Vitamin D on allergic disease and autoimmunity. A clear understanding of the effects of the various forms of Vitamin D will provide new opportunities to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Barragan
- Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Misty Good
- Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Division of Newborn Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
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Ezeamama AE, Guwatudde D, Wang M, Bagenda D, Kyeyune R, Sudfeld C, Manabe YC, Fawzi WW. Vitamin-D deficiency impairs CD4+T-cell count recovery rate in HIV-positive adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A longitudinal study. Clin Nutr 2015; 35:1110-7. [PMID: 26371397 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We implemented a prospective study among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults to examine the association between vitamin-D deficiency (VDD) and insufficiency (VDI) vs sufficiency (VDS) and CD4+T-cell improvement over 18 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS We used data from a randomized placebo-controlled micronutrient trial with 25-hydroxy vitamin-D (25(OH)D) measured at enrollment in 398 adults. CD4+T-cell count was measured repeatedly at months 0, 3, 6, 12 and 18. Linear mixed models quantified the vitamin-D-related differences in CD4+T-cell count and associated 99% confidence intervals at baseline and respective follow-up intervals. RESULTS At baseline 23%, 60% and 17% of participants were VDS, VDI and VDD, respectively. Absolute CD4+T- cell counts recovered during follow-up were persistently lower for baseline VDD and VDI relative to VDS participants. The greatest deficit in absolute CD4+T-cells recovered occurred in VDD vs VDS participants with estimates ranging from a minimum deficit of 26 cells/μl (99% CI: -77, 26) to a maximum deficit of 65 cells/μl (99% CI: -125, -5.5) during follow-up. This VDD-associated lower absolute CD4+T-cell gain was strongest among patients 35 years old or younger and among participants with a baseline body mass index of less than 25 kg/m(2). CONCLUSIONS VDD is associated with lower absolute CD4+T-cell count recovery in HIV-positive patients on HAART. Vitamin-D supplementation may improve CD4+T-cell recovery during HAART. However, future intervention studies are needed to definitively evaluate the effectiveness of this vitamin as an adjunct therapy during HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Esther Ezeamama
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The University of Georgia, B.S. Miller Hall Room 125, 101 Buck Rd, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - David Guwatudde
- School of Public Health, and Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danstan Bagenda
- School of Public Health, and Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Kyeyune
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Christopher Sudfeld
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yukari C Manabe
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Sadarangani SP, Whitaker JA, Poland GA. "Let there be light": the role of vitamin D in the immune response to vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:1427-40. [PMID: 26325349 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1082426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D's non-skeletal actions, including immunomodulatory role, have been increasingly recognized. Of significance, many immune cells are able to synthesize a biologically active form of vitamin D from circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D with subsequent intracrine actions, and the vitamin D receptor is broadly distributed. In this review, we discuss vitamin D's potent role in innate and adaptive immune responses and published studies evaluating the impact of serum vitamin D, vitamin D gene pathway polymorphisms or empiric vitamin D supplementation on vaccine immunogenicity. We highlight existing knowledge gaps and propose the steps needed to advance the science and answer the question of whether vitamin D may prove valuable as a vaccine adjuvant for certain vaccines against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna P Sadarangani
- a 1 Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Rochester, MN, USA.,b 2 Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Gregory A Poland
- a 1 Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Rochester, MN, USA.,c 3 Mayo Clinic Division of General Internal Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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