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Seidel U, Eberhardt K, Wiebel M, Luersen K, Ipharraguerre IR, Haegele FA, Winterhalter P, Bosy-Westphal A, Schebb NH, Rimbach G. Stearidonic acid improves eicosapentaenoic acid status: studies in humans and cultured hepatocytes. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1359958. [PMID: 38974810 PMCID: PMC11225816 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1359958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ahiflower oil from the seeds of Buglossoides arvensis is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and stearidonic acid (SDA). ALA and SDA are potential precursor fatty acids for the endogenous synthesis of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are n3-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-LC-PUFAS), in humans. Since taurine, an amino sulfonic acid, is often associated with tissues rich in n3-LC-PUFAS (e.g., in fatty fish, human retina), taurine may play a role in EPA- and DHA-metabolism. Objective To examine the capacity of the plant-derived precursor fatty acids (ALA and SDA) and of the potential fatty acid metabolism modulator taurine to increase n3-LC-PUFAS and their respective oxylipins in human plasma and cultivated hepatocytes (HepG2 cells). Methods In a monocentric, randomized crossover study 29 healthy male volunteers received three sequential interventions, namely ahiflower oil (9 g/day), taurine (1.5 g/day) and ahiflower oil (9 g/day) + taurine (1.5 g/day) for 20 days. In addition, cultivated HepG2 cells were treated with isolated fatty acids ALA, SDA, EPA, DHA as well as taurine alone or together with SDA. Results Oral ahiflower oil intake significantly improved plasma EPA levels (0.2 vs. 0.6% of total fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES)) in humans, whereas DHA levels were unaffected by treatments. EPA-levels in SDA-treated HepG2 cells were 65% higher (5.1 vs. 3.0% of total FAMES) than those in ALA-treated cells. Taurine did not affect fatty acid profiles in human plasma in vivo or in HepG2 cells in vitro. SDA-rich ahiflower oil and isolated SDA led to an increase in EPA-derived oxylipins in humans and in HepG2 cells, respectively. Conclusion The consumption of ahiflower oil improves the circulating levels of EPA and EPA-derived oxylipins in humans. In cultivated hepatocytes, EPA and EPA-derived oxylipins are more effectively increased by SDA than ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Seidel
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Michelle Wiebel
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kai Luersen
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Franziska A. Haegele
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The very-long chain (VLC) omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) promote optimal development, physiological function and healthy ageing and help to manage disease. EPA and DHA are sourced mainly from fish, which is not sustainable. This review explores alternative sustainable sources. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research confirms that higher intake and status of EPA and DHA are associated with health benefits including lower risk of incident type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease mortality. Meta-analyses confirm benefits of intravenous EPA and DHA in hospitalized adults. Algal oils and seed oils from some genetically modified (GM) plants are sources of EPA and DHA. An oil from GM camelina showed equivalence with fish oil in human trials. Ahiflower oil, a source of stearidonic acid, had biological effects in experimental studies that might translate into health benefits. An intravenous lipid emulsion based on Ahiflower oil has been tested in experimental research. Pine nut oil (PNO) is a source of pinolenic acid, which is not an omega-3 PUFA but has similar actions. SUMMARY Algal oils, oils from GM seed crops, Ahiflower oil and other sources of stearidonic acid, and nonomega-3 oils including PNO, are plant-sourced sustainable alternatives to fish-sourced VLC omega-3 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella J Baker
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Metherel AH, Klievik BJ, Cisbani G, Smith ME, Cumberford G, Bazinet RP. Blood and tissue docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) turnover rates from Ahiflower® oil are not different than from DHA ethyl ester oil in a diet switch mouse model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159422. [PMID: 37977491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Ahiflower® oil is high in α-linolenic and stearidonic acids, however, tissue/blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) turnover from dietary Ahiflower oil has not been investigated. In this study, we use compound-specific isotope analysis to determine tissue DHA synthesis/turnover from Ahiflower, flaxseed and DHA oils. Pregnant BALB/c mice (13-17 days) were placed on a 2 % algal DHA oil diet of high carbon-13 content (δ13C) and pups (n = 132) were maintained on the diet until 9 weeks old. Mice were then randomly allocated to a low δ13C-n-3 PUFA diet of either: 1) 4 % Ahiflower oil, 2) 4.35 % flaxseed oil or 3) 1 % fish DHA ethyl ester oil for 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60 or 120 days (n = 6). Serum, liver, adipose and brains were collected and DHA levels and δ13C were determined. DHA concentrations were highest (p < 0.05) in the liver and adipose of DHA-fed animals with no diet differences in serum or brain (p > 0.05). Based on the presence or absence of overlapping 95 % C.I.'s, DHA half-lives and synthesis/turnover rates were not different between Ahiflower and DHA diets in the liver, adipose or brain. DHA half-lives and synthesis/turnover rates from flaxseed oil were significantly slower than from the DHA diet in all serum/tissues. These findings suggest that the distinct Ahiflower oil n-3 PUFA composition could support tissue DHA needs at a similar rate to dietary DHA, making it a unique plant-based dietary option for maintaining DHA turnover comparably to dietary DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Metherel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Brinley J Klievik
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giulia Cisbani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mackenzie E Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg Cumberford
- Natures Crops International, Kensington, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Roussel C, Sola M, Lessard-Lord J, Nallabelli N, Généreux P, Cavestri C, Azeggouar Wallen O, Villano R, Raymond F, Flamand N, Silvestri C, Di Marzo V. Human gut microbiota and their production of endocannabinoid-like mediators are directly affected by a dietary oil. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2335879. [PMID: 38695302 PMCID: PMC11067990 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2335879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and the gut microbiome affect each other. We investigated the impact of supplementation with Buglossoides arvensis oil (BO), rich in stearidonic acid (SDA), on the human gut microbiome. Employing the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME), we simulated the ileal and ascending colon microbiomes of four donors. Our results reveal two distinct microbiota clusters influenced by BO, exhibiting shared and contrasting shifts. Notably, Bacteroides and Clostridia abundance underwent similar changes in both clusters, accompanied by increased propionate production in the colon. However, in the ileum, cluster 2 displayed a higher metabolic activity in terms of BO-induced propionate levels. Accordingly, a triad of bacterial members involved in propionate production through the succinate pathway, namely Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Phascolarctobacterium, was identified particularly in this cluster, which also showed a surge of second-generation probiotics, such as Akkermansia, in the colon. Finally, we describe for the first time the capability of gut bacteria to produce N-acyl-ethanolamines, and particularly the SDA-derived N-stearidonoyl-ethanolamine, following BO supplementation, which also stimulated the production of another bioactive endocannabinoid-like molecule, commendamide, in both cases with variations across individuals. Spearman correlations enabled the identification of bacterial genera potentially involved in endocannabinoid-like molecule production, such as, in agreement with previous reports, Bacteroides in the case of commendamide. This study suggests that the potential health benefits on the human microbiome of certain dietary oils may be amenable to stratified nutrition strategies and extend beyond n-3 PUFAs to include microbiota-derived endocannabinoid-like mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), INAF Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathilde Sola
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jacob Lessard-Lord
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), INAF Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Nayudu Nallabelli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Pamela Généreux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Camille Cavestri
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Oumaima Azeggouar Wallen
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Rosaria Villano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Frédéric Raymond
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), INAF Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), INAF Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), INAF Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Lanou AJ, Mast AC, Hill BD, Kim SS, Hanaway P. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of a Novel Dietary Supplement (Braini) on Standardized CNS Vital Signs Cognitive Performance Parameters in Adults. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2023; 29:303-312. [PMID: 36856456 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To test the effectiveness of a novel dietary supplement as a support for cognitive function in healthy younger and older adults Design: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the dietary supplement, Braini® in two age cohorts with 60 participants: 31 healthy younger adults (18-30 years) and 29 healthy older adults (55-80 years). Intervention: A 28-day intervention of a dietary supplement (active or placebo) taken daily with cognitive assessment using CNS Vital Signs computer-based testing at day 0 and 28. Participants were asked to fill out a daily survey regarding compliance with supplement protocol, changes in health, adherence to the protocol, and reported side effects. CNS Vital Signs provides aged normed aggregated outcome measures for Processing Speed, Psychomotor Speed, Reaction Time, Cognitive Flexibility, Executive Function, and Motor Speed. Results: Significant improvements in performance were found for two CNS Vital Signs domains, Cognitive Flexibility (p = 0.048), and Executive Function (p = 0.025) in the treated younger adults (n = 12) compared with the placebo group (n = 19) at day 28 compared with baseline. The Shifting Attention Test Reaction Time (SAT-RT), a measure of shifting attention correct response reaction time, showed significant improvement at 28 days in those taking Braini in both younger (p = 0.004) and older adult cohorts (p = 0.05) with an average improvement over the control subjects of 44%. No serious side effects were reported. Conclusions: The dietary formulation, Braini, safely and significantly improved cognitive flexibility and executive function in younger adults and trended positively in older adults in this study that was stopped prematurely due to pandemic restrictions. Scores on SAT-RT significantly improved in both younger and older adults. Further studies are needed to confirm that Braini reliably improves cognitive function in additional CNS domains in healthy adults (Clinicaltrials.gov under registration number: NCT04025255).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Joy Lanou
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aubrey C Mast
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hill
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Sung-Su Kim
- Precision Medicision Research Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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6
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Rizzo G, Baroni L, Lombardo M. Promising Sources of Plant-Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031683. [PMID: 36767052 PMCID: PMC9914036 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known for their ability to protect against numerous metabolic disorders. The consumption of oily fish is the main source of PUFAs in human nutrition and is commonly used for supplement production. However, seafood is an overexploited source that cannot be guaranteed to cover the global demands. Furthermore, it is not consumed by everyone for ecological, economic, ethical, geographical and taste reasons. The growing demand for natural dietary sources of PUFAs suggests that current nutritional sources are insufficient to meet global needs, and less and less will be. Therefore, it is crucial to find sustainable sources that are acceptable to all, meeting the world population's needs. (2) Scope: This review aims to evaluate the recent evidence about alternative plant sources of essential fatty acids, focusing on long-chain omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. (3) Method: A structured search was performed on the PubMed search engine to select available human data from interventional studies using omega-3 fatty acids of non-animal origin. (4) Results: Several promising sources have emerged from the literature, such as algae, microorganisms, plants rich in stearidonic acid and GM plants. However, the costs, acceptance and adequate formulation deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Luciana Baroni
- Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, 30171 Venice, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Chileh Chelh T, Lyashenko S, Lahlou A, Belarbi EH, Ángel Rincón-Cervera M, Rodríguez-García I, Urrestarazu-Gavilán M, López Ruiz R, Luis Guil-Guerrero J. Buglossoides spp. seeds, a land source of health-promoting n-3 PUFA and phenolic compounds. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhan J, Tang X, Wang F, Han J. Association Between Daily Dietary Eicosatetraenoic Acid Intake and the Lower Risk of Psoriasis in American Adults. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1541-1549. [PMID: 34720595 PMCID: PMC8549974 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s333288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Unlike eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the relationship between eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) and psoriasis remains unclear. Therefore, We performed a cross-sectional study in the general American population to investigate the association between daily dietary ETA, EPA, and DHA intake and the risk of psoriasis. Participants and Methods This study applied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. Dietary n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were calculated based on two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. We defined psoriasis by responding to the question "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health care professional that you had psoriasis?". Multivariable logistic regression analysis, trend tests, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests were used to evaluate the associations of ETA, EPA, and DHA intake with the risk of psoriasis, respectively. Results A total of 15,733 participants were included in this study. In our optimal multivariate-adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of psoriasis were 0.30 (0.12, 0.88), 1.92 (0.78, 4.74), 1.28 (0.72, 2.27) for daily dietary ETA, EPA, and DHA intake, respectively. Trend tests showed a dose-effect relationship between daily dietary ETA intake and the lower risk of psoriasis. Subgroup analysis and tests for interaction showed that the association was stable in different subgroups. Conclusion Our study revealed that there might be a dose-effect association of daily dietary ETA intake with the lower risk of psoriasis in American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipang Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Tang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiande Han
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Liu R, Chang M, Zhang H, Jin Q, Wang X. Dietary oleic acid supplementation and blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2508-2525. [PMID: 33305589 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1854673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of oleic acid (OA) supplementation on blood inflammatory markers in adults. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from 1950 to 2019, with adults and a minimum intervention duration of 4 weeks. The effect size was estimated, adopting standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Of the 719 identified studies, thirty-one RCTs involving 1634 subjects were eligible. The results of this study revealed that increasing OA supplementation significantly reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD: -0.11, 95% CI: -0.21, -0.01, P = 0.038). However, dietary OA consumption did not significantly affect tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (SMD: -0.05, 95% CI: -0.19, 0.10, P = 0.534), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (SMD: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.10, 0.13, P = 0.849), fibrinogen (SMD: 0.08, 95% CI: -0.16, 0.31, P = 0.520), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) activity (SMD: -0.11, 95% CI: -0.34, 0.12, P = 0.355), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) (SMD: -0.06, 95% CI: -0.26, 0.13, P = 0.595) or soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) (SMD: -0.04, 95% CI: -0.27, 0.18, P = 0.701). Overall, the meta-analysis demonstrated that dietary OA supplementation significantly reduced CRP, yet did not affect other inflammatory markers including TNF, IL-6, fibrinogen, PAI-1 activity, sICAM-1or sVCAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ming Chang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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10
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Guil‐Guerrero JL, González‐Fernández MJ, Lyashenko S, Fabrikov D, Rincón‐Cervera MÁ, Urrestarazu M, Gómez‐Mercado F. γ‐Linolenic and Stearidonic Acids from Boraginaceae of Diverse Mediterranean Origin. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000627. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dmitri Fabrikov
- Animal Production Division University of Almería 04120 Almería Spain
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11
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Shikonin and its Esters from Buglossoides arvensis and Other Species of the Family Boraginaceae. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Prasad P, Anjali P, Sreedhar RV. Plant-based stearidonic acid as sustainable source of omega-3 fatty acid with functional outcomes on human health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1725-1737. [PMID: 32431176 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1765137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) are known to be potent biological regulators with therapeutic and preventive effects on human health. Many global health organizations have recommended consuming marine based omega-3 sources for neonatal brain development and reducing the risk of various chronic diseases. However, due to concerns regarding the origin, sustainable supply and safety of the marine sources, alternative n-3 PUFA sources are being explored. Recently, plant-based omega-3 sources are gaining much importance because of their sustainable supply and dietary acceptance. α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) rich seed oils are the major omega-3 fatty acid source available for human consumption. But, efficiency of conversion of ALA to n-3 LC-PUFAs in humans is limited due to a rate-limiting step in the n-3 pathway catalyzed by Δ6-desaturase. Botanical stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n-3) rich oils are emerging as a sustainable omega-3 source with efficient conversion rate to n-3 LC-PUFA especially to EPA, as it bypasses the Δ6-desaturase rate limiting step. Several recent studies have identified the major plant sources of SDA and explored its potential health benefits and preventive roles in inflammation, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. This systematic review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the sources, nutraceutical roles, food-based applications and the future perspectives of botanical SDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Prasad
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - P Anjali
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - R V Sreedhar
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Patel D, Goruk S, Newell M, Chen G, Richard C, Field CJ. Feeding a Bioactive Oil Enriched in Stearidonic Acid during Early Life Influences Immune System Maturation in Neonatal Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Nutr 2020; 150:606-615. [PMID: 31722423 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-chain n-3 PUFAs (LCPUFAs) improve immune development and reduce atopic disease risk in infants. Stearidonic acid (SDA) can be a substrate for biosynthesis of n-3 LCPUFAs. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the effect of feeding an SDA-enriched diet during suckling and weaning on offspring immunity and ability to develop oral tolerance (OT). METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to consume either SDA (3 g SDA/100 g fat) or a control (no SDA) diet, 5 d before parturition and through lactation (21 d). For the OT treatment, 10-d-old pups were fed ovalbumin (Ova; 200 μL of 8 mg/mL) or placebo daily for 5 d. At 21 d, pups (both sexes) were weaned to their respective maternal diet until 6 wk of age or killed. Systemic immunization was induced using Ova (in 3-wk-old pups) or Ova + adjuvant (in 6-wk-old pups). The effect of suckling diet (in 3-wk-old pups) or weaning diet (in 6-wk-old pups) and OT treatment on immune function (main outcome) in spleen and blood was compared using 2-factor ANOVA. RESULTS An SDA-enriched maternal diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in higher plasma phospholipid (PL) EPA (15 times higher), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 3 times higher), and DHA (1.3 times higher) content in 3-wk-old pups, accompanied by higher B-cell function [plasma ovalbumin-specific IgG1 (Ova-IgG1), 2 times higher] ( P < 0.05). Compared with pups fed a control diet, the splenocytes from these pups had more (23%) helper T (Th) cells (CD3+CD4+) and activated (12%) Th cells (CD4+CD28+) (P < 0.02) than controls. At 6 wk, the SDA group had 30% more CD4+CD25+ splenocytes, and when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, produced less inflammatory IL-6 (50%) and TNF-α (30%) and more immunoregulatory IL-10 (45%) cytokines (P < 0.05) than the control group. The Ova-exposed group had less (30%) plasma Ova-IgG1 than the placebo group. Splenocytes and plasma PLs from the 6-wk-old SDA group had more EPA (2x) and DPA (3.5x) (P < 0.05), but not DHA, than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Feeding SDA during lactation and weaning altered immune responses in directions believed to be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruvesh Patel
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Susan Goruk
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Marnie Newell
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Guanqun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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14
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Määttänen P, Lurz E, Botts SR, Wu RY, Robinson SC, Yeung CW, Colas R, Li B, Johnson-Henry KC, Surette ME, Dalli J, Sherman PM. Plant- and Fish-Derived n-3 PUFAs Suppress Citrobacter Rodentium-Induced Colonic Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900873. [PMID: 31945799 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Marine-derived n-3 PUFAs may ameliorate inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Plant-derived n-3 PUFAs are thought to be inferior owing to shorter chain lengths. The aim of this study is to compare the impact of plant- and fish-derived PUFAs on murine colitis. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice are fed high fat (36% kcal) diets with either 2.5% w/w sunflower oil (SO), flaxseed oil (FSO), ahiflower oil (AO), or fish oil (FO). After 4 weeks, mice are orogastrically challenged with Citrobacter rodentium (108 CFU) or sham gavaged. Fecal shedding is assayed at 2, 7, 10, and 14 days post infection (PI), and fecal microbiota at 14 days PI. Colonic inflammation and lipid mediators are measured. Supplementation regulates intestinal inflammation with crypt lengths being 66, 73, and 62 ±17 µm shorter (compared to SO) for FSO, AO, and FO respectively, p < 0.01. FSO blunts pathogen shedding at the peak of infection and FSO and AO both enhance fecal microbial diversity. FO attenuates levels of lipoxin and leukotriene B4 while plant oils increase pro-resolving mediator concentrations including D, E, and T-series resolvins. CONCLUSION Plant and fish n-3 PUFAs attenuate colitis-induced inflammation while exhibiting characteristic pro-resolving lipid mediator metabolomes. Plant oils additionally promote microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Määttänen
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Biology Department, Burman University, Lacombe, Alberta, T4L 2E5, Canada
| | - Eberhard Lurz
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximillians-University LMU, Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - Steven R Botts
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Richard Y Wu
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Shaiya C Robinson
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - C William Yeung
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Romain Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kathene C Johnson-Henry
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Marc E Surette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Philip M Sherman
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
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15
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Laisuan W, Pisitkun P, Ngamjanyaporn P, Suangtamai T, Rotjanapan P. Prospective Pilot Study of Cyclophosphamide as an Adjunct Treatment in Patients With Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency Associated With Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibodies. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa035. [PMID: 32099846 PMCID: PMC7029682 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult-onset immunodeficiency associated with interferon-γ autoantibody (IGA) is an emerging disease. The majority of patients require both antimicrobial and immunosuppressive treatments. However, anti-CD20 therapy is not fully accessible in a resource-limited setting to date. Background The objectives of this work were to study the efficacy of cyclophosphamide treatment and the role of laboratory biomarkers for disease progression monitoring. Methods A prospective pilot cohort study was conducted among patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies (IGA) who had recurrent infections and required long-term antimicrobial therapy between 2015 and 2018. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: receipt of intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) and receipt of anti-CD20 therapy (RTX). Clinical and laboratory data were determined. Results A total of 17 IGA patients were enrolled. Prolonged fever was the most common manifestation, and the most common infection identified was nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Both were found in 88.24% of all patients.After completion of IVCY, 9/11 patients achieved complete remission and tended to reach remission faster compared with individuals in the RTX group. The median duration from treatment initiation to remission (interquartile range) was 84 (42-154) days in the IVCY group and 99 (51-202) days in the RTX group. In remission patients, the biomarkers of interest had normalized after treatment, except interferon γ autoantibody titers. There were no differences in adverse events among the 2 groups. Conclusion IVCY may be considered as alternative therapy in this population, especially in resource-limited countries. A comparable clinical outcome to RTX may support its use on a larger scale. However, further study is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannada Laisuan
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pintip Ngamjanyaporn
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanitta Suangtamai
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Porpon Rotjanapan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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16
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Identification and functional characterization of Buglossoides arvensis microsomal fatty acid desaturation pathway genes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in seeds. J Biotechnol 2019; 308:130-140. [PMID: 31843519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Buglossoides arvensis seed oil is the richest natural source of stearidonic acid (SDA), an ω-3 fatty acid with nutraceutical potential superior to α-linolenic acid (ALA). The molecular basis of polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in B. arvensis is unknown. Here, we describe the identification of B. arvensis fatty acid desaturase2 (BaFAD2), fatty acid desaturase3 (BaFAD3), and Delta-6-desaturase (BaD6D-1 and BaD6D-2) genes by mining the transcriptome of developing seeds and their functional characterization by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In silico analysis of their encoded protein sequences showed conserved histidine-boxes and signature motifs essential for desaturase activity. Expression profiling of these genes showed higher transcript abundance in reproductive tissues than in vegetative tissues, and their expression varied with temperature stress treatments. Yeast expressing BaFAD2 was found to desaturate both oleic acid and palmitoleic acid into linoleic acid (LA) and hexadecadienoic acid, respectively. Fatty acid supplementation studies in yeast expressing BaFAD3 and BaD6D-1 genes revealed that the encoded enzyme activities of BaFAD3 efficiently converted LA to ALA, and BaD6D-1 converted LA to γ-linolenic acid and ALA to SDA, but with an apparent preference to LA. BaD6D-2 did not show the encoded enzyme activity and is not a functional D6D. Our results provide an insight into SDA biosynthesis in B. arvensis and expand the repository of fatty acid desaturase targets available for biotechnological production of SDA in traditional oilseed crops.
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17
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Fernández-Tomé S, Marin AC, Ortega Moreno L, Baldan-Martin M, Mora-Gutiérrez I, Lanas-Gimeno A, Moreno-Monteagudo JA, Santander C, Sánchez B, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP, Bernardo D. Immunomodulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota-Derived Bioactive Peptides on Human Immune System from Healthy Controls and Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112605. [PMID: 31683517 PMCID: PMC6893616 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides secreted by probiotic Bifidobacterium longum (peptide B7) and opportunistic pathogen Bacteroides fragilis (peptide B12) modulate the intestinal cytokine milieu in health. Here, we characterized their capacity to modulate both the mucosal cytokine production and the phenotype of circulating antigen presenting cells (APCs) in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The IBD mucosa produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines referred to healthy controls (HCs). Peptides B7 and B12, however, did not ameliorate the mucosal cytokine milieu in IBD. Human circulating APCs (B-cells, monocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs)) were characterized by flow cytometry in presence/absence of the peptides. Circulating B-cells, monocytes, and cDCs from IBD patients were more activated than those from HCs. Peptide B7, but not B12, decreased CCR2 expression on all APC subsets from HC, but not IBD patients. Moreover, both peptides tend to further increase their pro-inflammatory profile in IBD. In summary, IBD patients display mucosal and circulating APC pro-inflammatory properties. Peptide B7 immunomodulatory capacity elicited over circulating APCs from HC, but not IBD patients, suggests the presence of disrupted modulatory mechanisms for this peptide in IBD. Future studies should address the effect of bacteria-derived immunomodulatory peptides in non-inflamed (quiescent) IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fernández-Tomé
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alicia C Marin
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lorena Ortega Moreno
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Baldan-Martin
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Irene Mora-Gutiérrez
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aitor Lanas-Gimeno
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Andrés Moreno-Monteagudo
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cecilio Santander
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Asturias, Spain.
| | - María Chaparro
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Bernardo
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
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18
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Prasad P, Savyasachi S, Reddy LPA, Sreedhar RV. Physico-chemical Characterization, Profiling of Total Lipids and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Rich B. arvensis Seed Oil from India. J Oleo Sci 2019; 68:209-223. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Prasad
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute campus
| | - S. Savyasachi
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)
| | | | - R. V. Sreedhar
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute campus
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19
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Gagnon KJ, Lefort N, Poirier SJ, Barnett DA, Surette ME. 5-lipoxygenase-dependent biosynthesis of novel 20:4 n-3 metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 138:38-44. [PMID: 30392579 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) into pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. N-3 PUFA like eicosapentaenoic acid are subject to a similar metabolism and are precursors of pro-resolving mediators. Stearidonic acid (18:4 n-3, SDA) is a plant source of n-3 PUFA that is elongated to 20:4 n-3, an analogue of AA. However, no 5-LO metabolites of 20:4 n-3 have been reported. In this study, control and 5-LO-expressing HEK293 cells were stimulated in the presence of 20:4 n-3. Metabolites were characterized by LC-MS/MS and their anti-inflammatory properties assessed using AA-induced autocrine neutrophil stimulation and leukotriene B4-mediated chemotaxis. 8‑hydroxy‑9,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid (Δ17-8-HETE) and 8,15-dihydroxy-9,11,13,17-eicosatetraenoic acid (Δ17-8,15-diHETE) were identified as novel metabolites. Δ17-8,15-diHETE production was inhibited by the leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor SC 57461A. Autocrine neutrophil leukotriene stimulation and neutrophil chemotaxis, both BLT1-dependent processes, were inhibited by Δ17-8,15-diHETE at low nM concentrations. These data support an anti-inflammatory role for Δ17-8,15-diHETE, a novel 5-LO product.
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Key Words
- AA, arachidonic acid
- ADA, adenosine deaminase
- ALA, alpha-linolenic acid
- Abbreviations: 19-OH-PGB(2), 19(R)-hydroxy-prostaglandin B(2)
- BLT1, leukotriene B(4) receptor 1
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- DPA, docosapentaenoic acid
- ETA, eicosatetraenoic acid
- Eicosanoids
- EtOH, ethanol
- HpETE, hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- Inflammation
- LO, lipoxygenase
- LTA(4), leukotriene A(4)
- LTB(4), leukotriene B(4)
- LTC(4), leukotriene C(4)
- Leukotrienes
- Lipid mediators
- MeOH, methanol
- NEM, N-ethylmaleimide
- Neutrophils
- RP-HPLC, reverse phase-HPLC
- SDA, stearidonic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Gagnon
- Départment de Chimie et Biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - N Lefort
- Départment de Chimie et Biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - S J Poirier
- Départment de Chimie et Biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - D A Barnett
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - M E Surette
- Départment de Chimie et Biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
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20
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Fickler A, Staats S, Hasler M, Rimbach G, Schulz C. Dietary Buglossoides arvensis Oil as a Potential Candidate to Substitute Fish Oil in Rainbow Trout Diets. Lipids 2018; 53:809-823. [PMID: 30334262 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of vegetable oils in salmonid diets substantially decreased the body content of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA), and thus the product quality for human consumption. Therefore, new ingredients for aquaculture feeds are needed that maximize the deposition of health-promoting n-3 LC-PUFA. This study investigated Buglossoides arvensis (Ahiflower) oil, a plant oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, ALA) and stearidonic acid (18:4n-3, SDA), as a source of n-3 fatty acids in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) nutrition. Rainbow trout (87.4 ± 0.6 g) were fed for 56 days. The oils of the control diet (FV) were substituted by Ahiflower oil at 33%, 66%, and 100% (A33, A66, A100). Dietary Ahiflower oil increased the final body weights of fish. mRNA steady state levels of fatty acyl desaturase 2a (delta-6) (fads2a(d6)) and 2b (delta-5) (fads2b(d5)) as well as carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 a (cpt1a) were not altered by dietary treatments. In contrast, cpt1c mRNA steady state levels were significantly downregulated in samples of fish fed A66 and A100. Significantly higher eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) levels were found in the liver and significantly higher EPA levels in the fillet of rainbow trout of A66 and A100 compared to FV. The content of DHA in fillets of fish fed Ahiflower oil was not significantly different to fish fed FV. Thus, high dietary amounts of Ahiflower oil can compensate for reduced dietary EPA and DHA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fickler
- GMA-Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761, Büsum, Germany.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Staats
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 6, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mario Hasler
- Lehrfach Variationsstatistik, Kiel University, Hermann- Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 6, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carsten Schulz
- GMA-Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761, Büsum, Germany.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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21
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Novinscak A, Filion M. Enhancing total lipid and stearidonic acid yields inBuglossoides arvensisthrough PGPR inoculation. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:203-215. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Novinscak
- Biology Department; Université de Moncton; Moncton NB Canada
| | - M. Filion
- Biology Department; Université de Moncton; Moncton NB Canada
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