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Liu J, Bai Y, Feng Y, Liu X, Pang B, Zhang S, Jiang M, Chen A, Huang H, Chen Y, Ling J, Mei L. ABCC1 deficiency potentiated noise-induced hearing loss in mice by impairing cochlear antioxidant capacity. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103218. [PMID: 38870779 PMCID: PMC11225891 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The ABCC1 gene belongs to the ATP-binding cassette membrane transporter superfamily, which plays a crucial role in the efflux of various endogenous and exogenous substances. Mutations in ABCC1 can result in autosomal dominant hearing loss. However, the specific roles of ABCC1 in auditory function are not fully understood. Through immunofluorescence, we found that ABCC1 was expressed in microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) of the stria vascularis (StV) in the murine cochlea. Then, an Abcc1 knockout mouse model was established by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to elucidate the role of ABCC1 in the inner ear. The ABR threshold did not significantly differ between WT and Abcc1-/- mice at any age studied. After noise exposure, the ABR thresholds of the WT and Abcc1-/- mice were significantly elevated. Interestingly, after 14 days of noise exposure, ABR thresholds largely returned to pre-exposure levels in WT mice but not in Abcc1-/- mice. Our subsequent experiments showed that microvascular integrity in the StV was compromised and that the number of outer hair cells and the number of ribbons were significantly decreased in the cochleae of Abcc1-/- mice post-exposure. Besides, the production of ROS and the accumulation of 4-HNE significantly increased. Furthermore, StV microvascular ECs were cultured to elucidate the role of ABCC1 in these cells under glucose oxidase challenge. Notably, 30 U/L glucose oxidase (GO) induced severe oxidative stress damage in Abcc1-/- cells. Compared with WT cells, the ROS and 4-HNE levels and the apoptotic rate were significantly elevated in Abcc1-/- cells. In addition, the reduced GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly decreased in Abcc1-/- cells after GO treatment. Taken together, Abcc1-/- mice are more susceptible to noise-induced hearing loss, possibly because ABCC1 knockdown compromises the GSH antioxidant system of StV ECs. The exogenous antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may protect against oxidative damage in Abcc1-/- murine cochleae and ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yijiang Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianlin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengzhu Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Anhai Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huping Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongjia Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Ling
- Medical Functional Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Lingyun Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Santus P, Signorello JC, Danzo F, Lazzaroni G, Saad M, Radovanovic D. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Properties of N-Acetylcysteine: A Fresh Perspective. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4127. [PMID: 39064168 PMCID: PMC11278452 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) was initially introduced as a treatment for mucus reduction and widely used for chronic respiratory conditions associated with mucus overproduction. However, the mechanism of action for NAC extends beyond its mucolytic activity and is complex and multifaceted. Contrary to other mucoactive drugs, NAC has been found to exhibit antioxidant, anti-infective, and anti-inflammatory activity in pre-clinical and clinical reports. These properties have sparked interest in its potential for treating chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis (BE), cystic fibrosis (CF), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which are associated with oxidative stress, increased levels of glutathione and inflammation. NAC's anti-inflammatory activity is noteworthy, and it is not solely secondary to its antioxidant capabilities. In ex vivo models of COPD exacerbation, the anti-inflammatory effects have been observed even at very low doses, especially with prolonged treatment. The mechanism involves the inhibition of the activation of NF-kB and neurokinin A production, resulting in a reduction in interleukin-6 production, a cytokine abundantly present in the sputum and breath condensate of patients with COPD and correlates with the number of exacerbations. The unique combination of mucolytic, antioxidant, anti-infective, and anti-inflammatory properties positions NAC as a safe, cost-effective, and efficacious therapy for a plethora of respiratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierachille Santus
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy; (J.C.S.); (F.D.); (G.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Juan Camilo Signorello
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy; (J.C.S.); (F.D.); (G.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Fiammetta Danzo
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy; (J.C.S.); (F.D.); (G.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Giada Lazzaroni
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy; (J.C.S.); (F.D.); (G.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Marina Saad
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Dejan Radovanovic
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy; (J.C.S.); (F.D.); (G.L.); (D.R.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
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Zheng H, Liu J, Sun L, Meng Z. The role of N-acetylcysteine in osteogenic microenvironment for bone tissue engineering. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1435125. [PMID: 39055649 PMCID: PMC11269162 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1435125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defect is a common clinical symptom which can arise from various causes. Currently, bone tissue engineering has demonstrated positive therapeutic effects for bone defect repair by using seeding cells such as mesenchymal stem cells and precursor cells. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a stable, safe and highly bioavailable antioxidant that shows promising prospects in bone tissue engineering due to the ability to attenuate oxidative stress and enhance the osteogenic potential and immune regulatory function of cells. This review systematically introduces the antioxidant mechanism of NAC, analyzes the advancements in NAC-related research involving mesenchymal stem cells, precursor cells, innate immune cells and animal models, discusses its function using the classic oral microenvironment as an example, and places particular emphasis on the innovative applications of NAC-modified tissue engineering biomaterials. Finally, current limitations and future prospects are proposed, with the aim of providing inspiration for targeted readers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Zheng
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanxin Sun
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaosong Meng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
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Kilic K, Vardar-Yagli N, Nayir-Buyuksahin H, Guzelkas I, Dogru D, Saglam M, Calik-Kutukcu E, Inal-Ince D, Emiralioglu N, Yalcin E, Ozcelik U, Kiper N. Exercise intolerance, oxidative stress, and irisin in pediatric cystic fibrosis: Can telehealth-based exercise training make a difference? Heart Lung 2024; 68:145-153. [PMID: 38981171 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience increased oxidative stress. Tele-exercise can be a new method to improve exercise in CF. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of telehealth-based exercise training using different modalities (combined exercise training group, CombG, core stabilization exercise group, SG), in comparison with control group (CG), on exercise capacity, oxidative stress, and irisin in children with CF. METHODS Thirty-nine children with CF (mean age=11.41±2.18 years, mean FEV1(z-score)=-0.66±1.96) were included in the study. The children were randomly allocated to groups. The CombG and SG performed core stabilization exercises (CS) 3 days per week for 8 weeks. The CombG also performed aerobic exercises 3 days per week in addition to CS. Physical activity (PA) recommendations were provided to the CG. Exercise capacity was evaluated using the Modified Shuttle Test (MST). Oxidative stress was assessed using total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The irisin level was also measured. RESULTS Children's baseline sex, age, BMI, and FEV1 z-scores were similar (p > 0.05). The MST distance (p = 0.047,np2=0.157) and%MST distance (p = 0.045, np2=0.159) significantly improved in the CombG compared with the SG and CG. Although TAS and SOD decreased over time (p < 0.05), no significant changes were observed for TAS, TOS, OSI, MDA, SOD, and irisin parameters between the groups after training (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Combining aerobic exercise training with core stabilization applied using telehealth improved exercise capacity more than core stabilitation training only or PA recommendations in children with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Kilic
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naciye Vardar-Yagli
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Halime Nayir-Buyuksahin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Guzelkas
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Dogru
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melda Saglam
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Calik-Kutukcu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Inal-Ince
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nagehan Emiralioglu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yalcin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozcelik
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nural Kiper
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey
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Oh HN, Yoo D, Park S, Lee S, Kim WK. Assessment of poly(hexamethylenebicyanoguanide-hexamethylenediamine) hydrochloride-induced developmental neurotoxicity via oxidative stress mechanism: Integrative approaches with neuronal cells and zebrafish. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133146. [PMID: 38064952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Poly(hexamethylenebicyanoguanide-hexamethylenediamine) hydrochloride (PHMB) is a biocide with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Its use as a disinfectant and preservative in consumer products results in human exposure to PHMB. Toxicity studies on PHMB mainly focus on systemic toxicity or skin irritation; however, its effects on developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the DNT effects of PHMB were evaluated using IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y cell lines and zebrafish. In both cell lines, PHMB concentrations ≥ 10 µM reduced neurite outgrowth, and cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations up to 40 µM. PHMB regulated expression of neurodevelopmental genes and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine reversed the toxic effects of PHMB. Toxicity tests on zebrafish embryos showed that PHMB reduced viability and heart rate and caused irregular hatching. PHMB concentrations of 1-4 µM reduced the width of the brain and spinal cord of transgenic zebrafish and attenuated myelination processes. Furthermore, PHMB modulated expression of neurodevelopmental genes in zebrafish and induced ROS accumulation. These results suggested that PHMB exerted DNT effects in vitro and in vivo through a ROS-dependent mechanism, highlighting the risk of PHMB exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggon Yoo
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Scoffone VC, Barbieri G, Irudal S, Trespidi G, Buroni S. New Antimicrobial Strategies to Treat Multi-Drug Resistant Infections Caused by Gram-Negatives in Cystic Fibrosis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:71. [PMID: 38247630 PMCID: PMC10812592 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from recurrent bacterial infections which induce inflammation, lung tissue damage and failure of the respiratory system. Prolonged exposure to combinatorial antibiotic therapies triggers the appearance of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The development of alternative antimicrobial strategies may provide a way to mitigate antimicrobial resistance. Here we discuss different alternative approaches to the use of classic antibiotics: anti-virulence and anti-biofilm compounds which exert a low selective pressure; phage therapies that represent an alternative strategy with a high therapeutic potential; new methods helping antibiotics activity such as adjuvants; and antimicrobial peptides and nanoparticle formulations. Their mechanisms and in vitro and in vivo efficacy are described, in order to figure out a complete landscape of new alternative approaches to fight MDR Gram-negative CF pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Buroni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.B.); (S.I.); (G.T.)
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Tieu S, Charchoglyan A, Paulsen L, Wagter-Lesperance LC, Shandilya UK, Bridle BW, Mallard BA, Karrow NA. N-Acetylcysteine and Its Immunomodulatory Properties in Humans and Domesticated Animals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1867. [PMID: 37891946 PMCID: PMC10604897 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an acetylated derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, has been widely used as a mucolytic agent and antidote for acetaminophen overdose since the 1960s and the 1980s, respectively. NAC possesses antioxidant, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and mucolytic properties, making it a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of diseases in both humans and domesticated animals. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role in the onset and progression of all these diseases. NAC's primary role is to replenish glutathione (GSH) stores, the master antioxidant in all tissues; however, it can also reduce levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-∝) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), inhibit the formation of microbial biofilms and destroy biofilms, and break down disulfide bonds between mucin molecules. Many experimental studies have been conducted on the use of NAC to address a wide range of pathological conditions; however, its effectiveness in clinical trials remains limited and studies often have conflicting results. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of promising NAC usages for the treatment of different human and domestic animal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tieu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Armen Charchoglyan
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauryn Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Lauri C. Wagter-Lesperance
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Umesh K. Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
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Samide A, Dobriţescu A, Tigae C, Spînu CI, Oprea B. Experimental and Computational Study on Inhibitory Effect and Adsorption Properties of N-Acetylcysteine Amino Acid in Acid Environment. Molecules 2023; 28:6799. [PMID: 37836642 PMCID: PMC10574521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to study the inhibitory effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution. N-acetylcysteine influenced the iron dissolution to a greater extent than the hydrogen evolution reaction acting as a mixed inhibitor, predominantly anodic. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) gradually increased with the inhibitor concentration. From both methods, the inhibition efficiency (IE) reached a value of 89 ± 1% and NAC adsorption followed the Temkin isotherm. The value of adsorption Gibbs energy (ΔGadso), around -35 kJ mol-1, indicated a spontaneous adsorption and mixed action mechanism, with NAC chemical adsorption prevailing over physical one. New data will be reported by the computational study, that was performed using the density functional theory (DFT) method in aqueous phase. Quantum chemical descriptors were determined by B3LYP theory level with 6-31G+(d) basis set. Metropolis Monte Carlo atomistic simulation was used to reveal the adsorption configuration and interactions between acetylcysteine molecules and the carbon steel surface. Theoretical results were consistent with the experimental data, showing that the inhibitor action mechanism consisted of mainly chemisorption of its molecules on the carbon steel surface accompanied by van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Samide
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 107i Calea Bucuresti, 200478 Craiova, Romania; (C.T.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Aurelian Dobriţescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 107i Calea Bucuresti, 200478 Craiova, Romania; (C.T.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Cristian Tigae
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 107i Calea Bucuresti, 200478 Craiova, Romania; (C.T.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Cezar Ionuţ Spînu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 107i Calea Bucuresti, 200478 Craiova, Romania; (C.T.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Bogdan Oprea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares, 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
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Mokra D, Mokry J, Barosova R, Hanusrichterova J. Advances in the Use of N-Acetylcysteine in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1713. [PMID: 37760016 PMCID: PMC10526097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used because of its mucolytic effects, taking part in the therapeutic protocols of cystic fibrosis. NAC is also administered as an antidote in acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdosing. Thanks to its wide antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, NAC may also be of benefit in other chronic inflammatory and fibrotizing respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, idiopathic lung fibrosis, or lung silicosis. In addition, NAC exerts low toxicity and rare adverse effects even in combination with other treatments, and it is cheap and easily accessible. This article brings a review of information on the mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress in selected chronic respiratory diseases and discusses the use of NAC in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Juraj Mokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Romana Barosova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
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Mechlińska A, Wiglusz MS, Słupski J, Włodarczyk A, Cubała WJ. Exploring the Relationship between Mood Disorders and Coexisting Health Conditions: The Focus on Nutraceuticals. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1262. [PMID: 37759862 PMCID: PMC10526332 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are the leading causes of global disability. Approximately 50% of patients fail to attain remission, prompting a pronounced focus on the significance of dietary patterns and specific nutrients within the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The connection between chronic diseases and mood disorders follows a bidirectional pattern: physical ailments are interrelated with affective disorders, and, concurrently, mood symptoms often precede chronic diseases and have the potential to worsen their prognosis. Nutraceuticals affect factors that could potentially impact the onset of mood disorders: monoamines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and sleep quality. Furthermore, mood disorders rarely manifest in isolation. Typically, such patients concurrently experience other mental disorders or somatic comorbidities: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), etc., where providing nutritional support is also pertinent. To optimize the therapeutic approach for individuals with mood disorders, incorporating nutritional support may not solely ameliorate symptoms stemming directly from the mental condition, but also indirectly through interventions targeting comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mechlińska
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.S.W.); (J.S.); (A.W.)
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11
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Sakai M, Yu Z, Taniguchi M, Picotin R, Oyama N, Stellwagen D, Ono C, Kikuchi Y, Matsui K, Nakanishi M, Yoshii H, Furuyashiki T, Abe T, Tomita H. N-Acetylcysteine Suppresses Microglial Inflammation and Induces Mortality Dose-Dependently via Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043798. [PMID: 36835209 PMCID: PMC9968039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant that prevents tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced cell death, but it also acts as a pro-oxidant, promoting reactive oxygen species independent apoptosis. Although there is plausible preclinical evidence for the use of NAC in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, deleterious side effects are still of concern. Microglia, key innate immune cells in the brain, play an important role in inflammation in psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial and deleterious effects of NAC on microglia and stress-induced behavior abnormalities in mice, and its association with microglial TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) production. The microglial cell line MG6 was stimulated by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using NAC at varying concentrations for 24 h. NAC inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and NO synthesis, whereas high concentrations (≥30 mM) caused MG6 mortality. Intraperitoneal injections of NAC did not ameliorate stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in mice, but high-doses induced microglial mortality. Furthermore, NAC-induced mortality was alleviated in microglial TNF-α-deficient mice and human primary M2 microglia. Our findings provide ample evidence for the use of NAC as a modulating agent of inflammation in the brain. The risk of side effects from NAC on TNF-α remains unclear and merits further mechanistic investigations.
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Grants
- 20dm0107099h0005, JP19dm0107099, JP18ek0109183, JP22gm0910012, and JP22wm0425001 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, the Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences, and the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- KAKENHI 21390329, 16K07210, 18H05429, 21H04812, and 19K16372 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- No. 24116007 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Sakai
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-7261
| | - Masayuki Taniguchi
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Rosanne Picotin
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nanami Oyama
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - David Stellwagen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Chiaki Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kikuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ko Matsui
- Super-network Brain Physiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Miharu Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hatsumi Yoshii
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Regenerative and Biomedical Engineering Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tomita
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute for Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
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Impact of N-Acetylcysteine and Antibiotics Against Single and Dual Species Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:5. [PMID: 36434296 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lungs of cystic fibrosis patients are often colonized or infected with organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other emerging pathogenic bacteria such as Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Further, it is well established that infections of the cystic fibrosis lung airways are caused by polymicrobial infections, although its composition and diversity may change throughout the patient's life. In the present study, we investigated the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and amikacin, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and tobramycin alone and in combination against single- and dual-species biofilms of P. aeruginosa and A. xylosoxidans, in vitro and in the Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. Results showed that tobramycin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics, while aztreonam was the least effective antibiotic against both single- and dual-species biofilms of P. aeruginosa and A. xylosoxidans. However, NAC showed little effect on both single- and dual-species, even with a combination of antibiotics. Increased survival was observed in C. elegans when treated with NAC in combination with tobramycin or ciprofloxacin, compared to no treatment or NAC alone. Tobramycin and ciprofloxacin were found effective in biofilms, but more research is needed to better understand the effects of NAC and antibiotics against single- and dual-species biofilms.
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Cystic Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress: The Role of CFTR. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165324. [PMID: 36014562 PMCID: PMC9413234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence in the literature that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have higher oxidative stress than patients with other diseases or healthy subjects. This results in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in a deficit of antioxidant molecules and plays a fundamental role in the progression of chronic lung damage. Although it is known that recurrent infection–inflammation cycles in CF patients generate a highly oxidative environment, numerous clinical and preclinical studies suggest that the airways of a patient with CF present an inherently abnormal proinflammatory milieu due to elevated oxidative stress and abnormal lipid metabolism even before they become infected. This could be directly related to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) deficiency, which appears to produce a redox imbalance in epithelial cells and extracellular fluids. This review aims to summarize the main mechanism by which CFTR deficiency is intrinsically responsible for the proinflammatory environment that characterizes the lung of a patient with CF.
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Changing Perspectives from Oxidative Stress to Redox Signaling-Extracellular Redox Control in Translational Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061181. [PMID: 35740078 PMCID: PMC9228063 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has changed the understanding of oxidative stress that has been linked to every major disease. Today we distinguish oxidative eu- and distress, acknowledging that redox modifications are crucial for signal transduction in the form of specific thiol switches. Long underestimated, reactive species and redox proteins of the Thioredoxin (Trx) family are indeed essential for physiological processes. Moreover, extracellular redox proteins, low molecular weight thiols and thiol switches affect signal transduction and cell–cell communication. Here, we highlight the impact of extracellular redox regulation for health, intermediate pathophenotypes and disease. Of note, recent advances allow the analysis of redox changes in body fluids without using invasive and expensive techniques. With this new knowledge in redox biochemistry, translational strategies can lead to innovative new preventive and diagnostic tools and treatments in life sciences and medicine.
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Madarshahian S, Enayati M, Vinyes Parés G, Ufheil G, Abbaspourrad A. Solid phase wax coating of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to decrease its solubility profile as a ready to mix supplement. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17550-17558. [PMID: 35765435 PMCID: PMC9192162 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09279k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) has health benefits attributed to its antioxidant properties and disulfide bond cleavage ability. Unfortunately, solutions of NAC are acidic with an undesirable taste and an unpleasant aftertaste. A method for slowing NAC release in water was developed using a solid phase wax coating. A coating of natural waxes, using food grade corn oil as the solvent and surfactants to facilitate the wax coating on the particles was used to decrease the solubility of NAC powder, crystals, and granules in water. A high NAC loading, between 55 and 91% for NAC granules and NAC crystals, was achieved as measured using LC-MS. The NAC wax-coated particles were fully characterized, and microscopy and SEM images revealed the shape, morphology, and size of the particles. Conductometry was used to study NAC release profile in water from wax-coated particles and the results indicate that solid phase wax coatings slowed the release of NAC into water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Madarshahian
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
| | - Mojtaba Enayati
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
| | - Gerard Vinyes Parés
- Nestlé Product Technology Center Nestlé Health Science Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA
| | | | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
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In Silico and In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Some 1,3-Oxazole-Based Compounds and Their Isosteric Analogues. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the antimicrobial activity assessment of 49 compounds previously synthesized as derivatives of alanine or phenylalanine that incorporate a 4-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl)phenyl fragment (X = H, Cl, or Br), namely 21 acyclic compounds (6 × N-acyl-α-amino acids, 1 × N-acyl-α-amino acid ester, and 14 × N-acyl-α-amino ketones) and 28 pentatomic heterocycles from the oxazole-based compound class (6 × 4H-1,3-oxazol-5-ones, 16 × 5-aryl-1,3-oxazoles, and 6 × ethyl 1,3-oxazol-5-yl carbonates). Both in silico and in vitro qualitative and quantitative assays were used to investigate the antimicrobial potential of these derivatives against planktonic and biofilm-embedded microbial strains. Some of the tested compounds showed promising antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity depending on their chemical scaffold and lipophilic character.
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The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on antimycin A-induced respiratory chain deficiency in mesenchymal stem cells. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109937. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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