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Silva VBD, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Pereira RLS, Alcântara BMD, Furlan CM, Coelho JJ, Coutinho HDM, Morais-Braga MFB, Oliveira AFMD. Chemical composition, antibacterial potential, and toxicity of the extracts from the stem bark of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118631. [PMID: 39067831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hancornia speciosa is a medicinal plant popularly used to treat different medical issues, including infectious diseases. Exploring the therapeutic potentialities of the extracts from medicinal plants combined with conventional antibiotic drugs is a promising horizon, especially considering the rising microbial resistance. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of the ethereal (EEHS) and methanolic (MEHS) extracts of the stem bark of H. speciosa, and also evaluate their antibacterial and drug-modifying activity, and toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activity was evaluated against strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the serial microdilution method, obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The toxicity assay was carried out using the Drosophila melanogaster model. RESULTS Thirty compounds were identified in the extracts of the stem bark of H. speciosa, with triterpenoids being predominant in both extracts. Additionally, fatty alcohols, carbohydrates, fatty acids, phenolic acids, and phytosterols were identified in both extracts. EEHS and MEHS extracts had considerable phenol contents (346.4 and 340.0 mg GAE/g, respectively). Flavonoids were detected in a lower proportion (7.6 and 6.9 mg QE/g, respectively). H. speciosa extracts did not display intrinsic antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains evaluated, however, they were capable of modifying the activity of gentamicin, erythromycin, and norfloxacin. EEHS increased the efficacy of norfloxacin against E. coli and S. aureus, reducing MIC values by 50%. MEHS potentiated the action of gentamicin against all bacterial strains, especially against E. coli. The extracts did not display toxicity at clinically relevant concentrations against D. melanogaster. CONCLUSION The stem bark of H. speciosa was considered a rich source of bioactive compounds. Our findings evidenced the therapeutic potential of H. speciosa extracts for the development of new pharmaceutical therapeutics against bacteria. Although the extracts did not exhibit intrinsic antibacterial activity, they enhanced the efficacy of commercial antibiotic drugs and were non-toxic at clinically relevant concentrations. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of these extracts, ensuring their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil.
| | - José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Luiz Silva Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Melo de Alcântara
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Furlan
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Janerson José Coelho
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará - UECE, Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras dos Inhamuns - CECITEC, Tauá, 63660-000, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
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Rehman G, Khan I, Rauf A, Rashid U, Siddique A, Shah SMM, Akram Z, AlMasoud N, Alomar TS, Shah ZA, Ribaudo G. Antidiabetic Properties of Caffeoylmalic Acid, a Bioactive Natural Compound Isolated from Urtica dioica. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106024. [PMID: 38763410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The uncontrolled hyperglycemia that characterizes diabetes mellitus (DM) causes several complications in the organism. DM is among the major causes of deaths, and the limited efficacy of current treatments push the search for novel drug candidates, also among natural compounds. We focused our attention on caffeoylmalic acid, a phenolic derivative extracted from Urtica dioica, a plant investigated for its potential against type 2 DM. This compound was tested for its antidiabetic activity in vitro through a glucose uptake assay, in vivo in a mouse DM model and through molecular docking towards α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The effects on glucose blood level, liver enzymes, insulin and creatinine levels as well as on lipid and blood parameters, considered biochemical markers of diabetes, were also evaluated. The results showed an antidiabetic activity in vitro and in vivo, as the compound stimulates glucose absorbtion and reduces blood glucose levels. Moreover, it ameliorates lipid profile, liver and blood parameters, with moderate effect on insulin secretion. Taken together, these findings pave the way for the compounds from this class of caffeoylmalic acid as potential antidiabetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauhar Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Ilman Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Arshma Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | | | - Zuneera Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Najla AlMasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy.
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Oalđe Pavlović M, Kolarević S, Đorđević Aleksić J, Vuković-Gačić B. Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Lamiaceae Plant Extracts: Inhibition of Bacterial Growth, Adhesion, Invasion, and Biofilm Formation and Degradation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1616. [PMID: 38931048 PMCID: PMC11207635 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In response to the global rise in antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of bacterial biofilm-related infections, the antibacterial efficacy of methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of 18 Lamiaceae plants from Serbia was evaluated. The total coumarins and triterpenes were detected spectrophotometrically, while a microdilution assay measured their effects on bacterial growth. Additionally, the impact of these extracts was assessed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 adhesion and invasion in human fibroblasts and biofilm formation and degradation. The alcoholic extracts had the highest phytochemical content, with Teucrium montanum and Lavandula angustifolia being the richest in coumarins and triterpenes, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Bacillus subtilis, were more susceptible to the extracts. Hyssopus officinalis ethanolic and Sideritis scardica methanolic extracts inhibited bacterial growth the most efficiently. Although the extracts did not inhibit bacterial adhesion, most ethanolic extracts significantly reduced bacterial invasion. Origanum vulgare and H. officinalis ethanolic extracts significantly inhibited biofilm formation, while Teucrium chamaedrys extract was the most active in biofilm degradation. This study significantly contributes to the literature by examining the antibacterial activity of Lamiaceae extracts, addressing major literature gaps, and underscoring their antibacterial potential, particularly Satureja montana and O. vulgare ethanolic extracts, linking their efficacy to coumarins and triterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oalđe Pavlović
- University of Belgrade—Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade—Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Đorđević Aleksić
- University of Belgrade—Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade—Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Witkowska A, Gryn-Rynko A, Syrkiewicz P, Kitala-Tańska K, Majewski MS. Characterizations of White Mulberry, Sea-Buckthorn, Garlic, Lily of the Valley, Motherwort, and Hawthorn as Potential Candidates for Managing Cardiovascular Disease-In Vitro and Ex Vivo Animal Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1313. [PMID: 38732560 PMCID: PMC11085323 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a broadly understood concept focusing on vascular and heart dysfunction. Lack of physical exercise, type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, thromboembolism, and kidney and lung diseases all contribute to the development of heart and blood vessel dysfunction. Although effective and important, traditional treatment with diuretics, statins, beta blockers, calcium inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, and anti-platelet drugs remains a second-line treatment after dietary interventions and lifestyle changes. Scientists worldwide are still looking for an herbal product that would be effective and free from side effects, either taken together with or before the standard pharmacological intervention. Such herbal-originated medication therapy may include Morus alba L. (white mulberry), Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson (sea-buckthorn), Allium sativum L. (garlic), Convallaria majalis L. (lily of the valley), Leonurus cardiaca L. (motherwort), and Crataegus spp. (hawthorn). Valuable herbal raw materials include leaves, fruits, seeds, and even thorns. This short review focuses on six herbs that can constitute an interesting and potential therapeutic option in the management of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michał S. Majewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.W.); (A.G.-R.); (P.S.); (K.K.-T.)
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Nilofar, Eyupoglu OE, Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, Ahmed S, Ferrante C, Senkardes I, Zengin G. An analytical framework combining online high-performance liquid chromatography methodologies and biological properties of different extracts of Leonurus cardiaca. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300695. [PMID: 38044292 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Little or no information is available concerning online high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) antioxidants and the antibiofilm effect of Leonurus cardiaca. Five distinct extractions of methanolic, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, hexane, and water were obtained from L. cardiaca. In the online-HPLC-antioxidant analysis of all examined samples, rosmarinic acid emerged as the primary antioxidant, registering concentrations ranging from 6 to 15 ppm at wavelengths of 517 and 734 nm. Notably, the water extract exhibited robust antioxidant activity In vitro. Regarding acetylcholinesterase and butrylcholinesterase inhibition, the n-hexane extract exhibited superior inhibition with values of 3.08 and 5.83 galanthamine equivalent, respectively. Except for the water extract, all tested extracts (at a concentration of 20 μg/mL) exhibited substantial inhibitory activity against biofilm formation, in many cases superior to 80%, and reached even 94.52% against Escherichia coli. Although less vigorous, the extracts also acted against the mature biofilm (inhibition up 76.50% against Staphylococcus aureus). They could work against the metabolism inside an immature and mature biofilm, with inhibition percentages up to 93.18% (vs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and 76.50% (vs. Acinetobacter baumannii), respectively. Considering its significant antioxidants, enzyme inhibition, and antimicrobial activity, L. cardiaca emerges as a promising candidate for therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Ozan Emre Eyupoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Foodomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Ismail Senkardes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pharmacy Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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de Assunção Morais LC, Koga A, Klein T, Kist A, de Oliveira MRP, Cavalcante Lipinski L, Beltrame FL, Colerato Ferrari P. Preliminary Evaluation of Wound Healing Potential of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. Extracts. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301243. [PMID: 37983672 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Leonurus japonicus Houtt. is a medicinal plant popular in Brazil as "rubim", used in local folk medicine for several applications as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, and antimicrobial phytomedicine. The traditional use for wound healing is related; however, few studies have evaluated the wound healing activity. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the popular indication of the hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of L. japonicus aerial parts in a rat wound healing model. The initial chemical characterization was performed using flavonoid quantification and complemented with mass spectroscopy/chemometrics analysis. The wound's lesion contraction and tissue regeneration (histological study stained with hematoxylin-eosin and picrosirius) were determined. Hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts presented high flavonoid content, and mass spectrometry analysis of the extracts demonstrated the presence of compounds with a mass between 100-650, reinforcing the presence of polyphenolic constituents. The extracts of L. japonicus improve various wound healing phases, like inflammatory modulation, wound contraction, and collagen synthesis, resulting in faster healing in rats. These effects could be related to the extracts' polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Koga
- Department of Medicine, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Traudi Klein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Airton Kist
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávio Luís Beltrame
- Graduation Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Priscileila Colerato Ferrari
- Graduation Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Fierascu IC, Fierascu I, Baroi AM, Ungureanu C, Spinu S, Avramescu SM, Somoghi R, Fierascu RC, Dinu-Parvu CE. Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leonurus cardiaca L. Extracts. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093472. [PMID: 37176353 PMCID: PMC10180527 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes, for the first time in the literature, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Leonurus cardiaca L. extracts. The influence of the extraction method (classical temperature extraction and microwave extraction), as well as of the extract concentration on the characteristics of the nanoparticles, was studied using analytical methods, such as UV-Vis spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Experimental data suggest that use of lower extract concentration leads to smaller dimensions nanoparticles, the same effect using the extract obtained by microwave-assisted extraction. The smallest recorded crystallite sizes (by X-ray diffraction) were under 3 nm. The antioxidant properties (determined by the DPPH assay) and the antimicrobial potential (determined against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains) are enhanced by the phytosynthesis process (as demonstrated by the comparison of the nanoparticles' properties with the parent extracts). The present work could also represent an important step in obtaining nanoparticles with enhanced properties and controlled morphologies, but also offers information on the phytosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles using low extract concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Catalina Fierascu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 37 Dionisie Lupu Str., 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anda Maria Baroi
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Ungureanu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Spinu
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Marius Avramescu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Somoghi
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Dinu-Parvu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 37 Dionisie Lupu Str., 030167 Bucharest, Romania
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Electrochemical Characterization of the Antioxidant Properties of Medicinal Plants and Products: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052308. [PMID: 36903553 PMCID: PMC10004803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds with a wide spectrum of practically useful properties. Various types of antioxidants synthesized in plants are the reasons for their application in medicine, phytotherapy, and aromatherapy. Therefore, reliable, simple, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and rapid methods for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of medicinal plants and products on their basis are required. Electrochemical methods based on electron transfer reactions are promising tools to solve this problem. Total antioxidant parameters and individual antioxidant quantification can be achieved using suitable electrochemical techniques. The analytical capabilities of constant-current coulometry, potentiometry, various types of voltammetry, and chrono methods in the evaluation of total antioxidant parameters of medicinal plants and plant-derived products are presented. The advantages and limitations of methods in comparison to each other and traditional spectroscopic methods are discussed. The possibility to use electrochemical detection of the antioxidants via reactions with oxidants or radicals (N- and O-centered) in solution, with stable radicals immobilized on the electrode surface, via oxidation of antioxidants on a suitable electrode, allows the study of various mechanisms of antioxidant actions occurring in living systems. Attention is also paid to the individual or simultaneous electrochemical determination of antioxidants in medicinal plants using chemically modified electrodes.
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Pavlović MO, Stajić M, Gašić U, Duletić-Laušević S, Ćilerdžić J. The chemical profiling and assessment of antioxidative, antidiabetic and antineurodegenerative potential of Kombucha fermented Camellia sinensis, Coffea arabica and Ganoderma lucidum extracts. Food Funct 2023; 14:262-276. [PMID: 36484426 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02979k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The scientific interest in the medicinal properties of Kombucha beverages, a carbonated drink with live microorganisms, has increased recently. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile and to examine the antioxidant, antidiabetic and antineurodegenerative potential of unfermented and also Kombucha fermented Camellia sinensis (green tea), Coffea arabica (coffee), and Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) extracts. The extracts were prepared as follows: the first (unfermented) set contained 1 L of water, 50 g of sucrose and 20 g of dried and ground green tea, coffee, or Reishi basidiocarp, while the second (fermented) set contained all of the aforementioned ingredients individually inoculated with Kombucha and fermented for 21 days. The chemical analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH, total reducing power (TRP), and β-carotene bleaching assays. The inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity was used to estimate the antidiabetic potential, while the level of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and tyrosinase (TYR) was used to evaluate the antineurodegenerative activity. The results suggested that the fermented extracts of green tea, coffee, and Reishi exert significant antioxidant effects, although they were lower compared to the unfermented extracts. The unfermented green tea extract exhibited the highest DPPH-scavenging activity (87.46%) and the highest preservation of β-carotene (92.41%), while the fermented coffee extract showed the highest TRP (120.14 mg AAE per g) at 10 mg mL-1. Although the extracts did not inhibit the activity of α-amylase, they were quite effective at inhibiting α-glucosidase, especially the unfermented Reishi extract, inhibiting 95.16% (at a concentration of 10 mg mL-1) of α-glucosidase activity, which was slightly higher than the positive control at the same concentration. The most effective AChE inhibitor was unfermented green tea extract (68.51%), while the fermented coffee extract inhibited 34.66% of TYR activity at 10 mg mL-1. Altogether, these results are in accordance with the differences found in the extracts' chemical composition. Finally, this is the first report that highlights the differences in the chemical profile between the unfermented and Kombucha fermented green tea, coffee and Reishi extracts, while it also reveals, for the first time, the antineurodegenerative potential of Kombucha fermented Reishi extract. The examined extracts represent potent functional foods, while their more detailed mechanisms of action are expected to be revealed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oalđe Pavlović
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Mirjana Stajić
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Duletić-Laušević
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasmina Ćilerdžić
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Crystal Violet Adsorption on Eco-Friendly Lignocellulosic Material Obtained from Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) Biomass. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183825. [PMID: 36145969 PMCID: PMC9504819 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of a new eco-friendly adsorbent, obtained from motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) biomass after minimum processing, in crystal violet dye removal from aqueous solutions was studied. Firstly, the adsorbent material was characterized using several technics, such as FTIR, pHPZC determination, SEM and color analysis. The next step was to determine the influence of initial dye concentration, contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dose and ionic strength on adsorbent adsorption capacity. Equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic, optimization and desorption studies were performed in a batch system for studying all aspects related to the adsorption process. The sips isotherm best fit the experimental data with a predicted maximum adsorption capacity of 125.6 (mg g−1). The kinetic data indicate that equilibrium is reached at 50 min and that general order is the best kinetic model to describe the dye retention. The process is endothermic, spontaneous, favorable and supposed to be a physical adsorption. In addition to establishing the optimal adsorption conditions, Taguchi methods and ANOVA analysis showed that the pH is the most influencing parameter of the adsorption process, having a contribution of 61.64%. All the presented data show that the motherwort biomass powder is very suitable to be used as at low-cost, easy available and effective adsorbent for the crystal violet dye removal from aqueous solutions.
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Ponneganti S, Suryanarayana Murty U, Bagul C, Borkar RM, Radhakrishnanand P. Phyto-metabolomics of phlogacanthus thyrsiformis by using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and GC/QTOF-MS: Evaluation of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition potential of extracts. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Śliwiński T, Zajdel K, Malinowska K, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Kucharska E, Zajdel R. In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br. Root
Extract against Cancer Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1383-1395. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220304095225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br. (Lamiaceae) is a shrub traditionally used
to alleviate inflammatory conditions.
Objective:
The present study aimed at investigating the biological activity of methanolic nontransformed and transformed Rhizobium rhizogenes root extracts from L. nepetifolia against human
melanoma cells.
Methods:
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties, the impact on topoisomerase I activity, and
proapoptotic activity were evaluated by the MTT test, comet assay, topoisomerase I assay, and
fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Moreover, the expressions of p53 were examined by
qPCR and Western blot analysis. Docking studies were conducted to assess the potential interactions of the identified phytochemicals with the p53 binding protein Mdm-2, and computational
analyses exhibited their antioxidant potential.
Results:
Both extracts showed cytotoxic potential against human melanoma cells, but generally the
activity was more potent for transformed roots than untransformed (IC50 760 μg/mL and 980
μg/mL, respectively). A similar effect was revealed during the evaluation of genotoxic and
proapoptotic properties. Moreover, the expression of p53 was also found to be increased after extract treatment. The most dominant identified compounds in both extracts were as follows: (+)-
catechin, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, and (+)-rosmarinic acid. Docking studies and computational analysis showed that (+)-rosmarinic acid possesses the highest binding affinity to the p53
binding protein, Mdm-2, and exhibits the best antioxidant property from the most commonly identified phytochemicals.
Conclusion:
Our findings revealed the potential of L. nepetifolia transformed root extract as a
source of bioactive compounds with cytotoxic, genotoxic, and proapoptotic activity against human
melanoma cells as well as antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical
Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malinowska
- Department of Allergology and
Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Kucharska
- Chair of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Social Work at the
Faculty of Pedagogy, Ignatianum Academy in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Gastroprotective effects and metabolomic profiling of Chasteberry fruits against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Song S, Lee YM, Lee YY, Yeum KJ. Oat ( Avena sativa) Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Human Keratinocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:5564. [PMID: 34577035 PMCID: PMC8464938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) is well known for its various health benefits. The protective effect of oat extract against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes HaCaT was determined. First, extracts of two varieties of oat, Daeyang and Choyang, were analyzed for fat-soluble antioxidants such as α-tocotrienol, γ-oryzanols, lutein and zeaxanthin using an UPLC system and for antioxidant activity using a DPPH assay. Specifically, an 80% ethanol extract of Daeyang oat (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang), which had high amounts of antioxidants and potent radical scavenging activity, was further evaluated for protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, the phosphorylation of DNA damage mediating genes such as H2AX, checkpoint kinase 1 and 2, and p53 and the activation of apoptotic genes such as cleaved caspase-3 and 7 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in HaCaT cells. The Daeyang and Choyang oat 80% ethanol extracts had 26.9 and 24.1 mg/100 g γ-oryzanols, 7.69 and 8.38 mg/100 g α-tocotrienol, 1.25 and 0.34 mg/100 g of lutein and 1.20 and 0.17 mg/100 g of zeaxanthin, respectively. The oat 80% ethanol extract treatment (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang) had a protective effect on oxidative stress-induced cell death in HaCaT cells. In addition, the oat 80% ethanol extracts led to a significant decrease in the intracellular ROS level at a concentration of 50-200 μg/mL, the attenuation of DNA damage mediating genes and the inhibition of apoptotic caspase activities in a dose dependent manner (50-200 μg/mL). Thus, the current study indicates that an oat (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang) extract rich in antioxidants, such as polyphenols, avenanthramides, γ-oryzanols, tocotrienols and carotenoids, has a protective role against oxidative stress-induced keratinocyte injuries and that oat may a useful source for oxidative stress-associated skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooji Song
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
| | - Yoon-Mi Lee
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea
| | - Yu Young Lee
- Department of Central Area, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
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Liu L, Hu C, Zou M, Zhao Y, Luo X, Xu Y, Zhang X. A comparative study of the total phenol and flavonoid contents and biological activities of different medicinal parts of Penthorum chinense Pursh. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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