1
|
Gong Q, Wang C, Fan W, Li S, Zhang H, Huang Z, Liu X, Ma Z, Wang Y, Zhang B. RsRbohD1 Plays a Significant Role in ROS Production during Radish Pithiness Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1386. [PMID: 38794456 PMCID: PMC11125187 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pithiness is one of the physiological diseases of radishes, which is accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the sponging of parenchyma tissue in the fleshy roots. A respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh, also known as NADPH oxidase) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the production of ROS in plants. To understand the role of Rboh genes in radish pithiness, herein, 10 RsRboh gene families were identified in the genome of Raphanus sativus using Blastp and Hmmer searching methods and were subjected to basic functional analyses such as phylogenetic tree construction, chromosomal localization, conserved structural domain analysis, and promoter element prediction. The expression profiles of RsRbohs in five stages (Pithiness grade = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively) of radish pithiness were analyzed. The results showed that 10 RsRbohs expressed different levels during the development of radish pithiness. Except for RsRbohB and RsRbohE, the expression of other members increased and reached the peak at the P2 (Pithiness grade = 2) stage, among which RsRbohD1 showed the highest transcripts. Then, the expression of 40 genes related to RsRbohD1 and pithiness were analyzed. These results can provide a theoretical basis for improving pithiness tolerance in radishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Weiqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
- Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuiling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
- Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ziyun Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Renziehausen T, Frings S, Schmidt-Schippers R. 'Against all floods': plant adaptation to flooding stress and combined abiotic stresses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1836-1855. [PMID: 38217848 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Current climate change brings with it a higher frequency of environmental stresses, which occur in combination rather than individually leading to massive crop losses worldwide. In addition to, for example, drought stress (low water availability), also flooding (excessive water) can threaten the plant, causing, among others, an energy crisis due to hypoxia, which is responded to by extensive transcriptional, metabolic and growth-related adaptations. While signalling during flooding is relatively well understood, at least in model plants, the molecular mechanisms of combinatorial flooding stress responses, for example, flooding simultaneously with salinity, temperature stress and heavy metal stress or sequentially with drought stress, remain elusive. This represents a significant gap in knowledge due to the fact that dually stressed plants often show unique responses at multiple levels not observed under single stress. In this review, we (i) consider possible effects of stress combinations from a theoretical point of view, (ii) summarize the current state of knowledge on signal transduction under single flooding stress, (iii) describe plant adaptation responses to flooding stress combined with four other abiotic stresses and (iv) propose molecular components of combinatorial flooding (hypoxia) stress adaptation based on their reported dual roles in multiple stresses. This way, more future emphasis may be placed on deciphering molecular mechanisms of combinatorial flooding stress adaptation, thereby potentially stimulating development of molecular tools to improve plant resilience towards multi-stress scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tilo Renziehausen
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stephanie Frings
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Romy Schmidt-Schippers
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shahzad F, Tang L, Vashisth T. Unraveling the mystery of canopy dieback caused by citrus disease Huanglongbing and its link to hypoxia stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119530. [PMID: 37139109 PMCID: PMC10149946 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Devastating citrus disease Huanglongbing (HLB) is without existing cures. Herein, we present results demonstrating the possible mechanisms (hypoxia stress) behind HLB-triggered shoot dieback by comparing the transcriptomes, hormone profiles, and key enzyme activities in buds of severely and mildly symptomatic 'Hamlin' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). Within six months (October - May) in field conditions, severe trees had 23% bud dieback, greater than mild trees (11%), with a concomitant reduction in canopy density. In February, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with responses to osmotic stress, low oxygen levels, and cell death were upregulated, with those for photosynthesis and cell cycle downregulated in severe versus mild trees. For severe trees, not only were the key markers for hypoxia, including anaerobic fermentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and lipid oxidation, transcriptionally upregulated, but also alcohol dehydrogenase activity was significantly greater compared to mild trees, indicating a link between bud dieback and hypoxia. Tricarboxylic acid cycle revival, given the upregulation of glutamate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase DEGs, suggests that ROS may also be generated during hypoxia-reoxygenation. Greater (hormonal) ratios of abscisic acid to cytokinins and jasmonates and upregulated DEGs encoding NADPH oxidases in severe versus mild trees indicate additional ROS production under limited oxygen availability due to stomata closure. Altogether, our results provided evidence that as HLB progresses, excessive ROS produced in response to hypoxia and during hypoxia-reoxygenation likely intensify the oxidative stress in buds leading to cell death, contributing to marked bud and shoot dieback and decline of the severely symptomatic sweet orange trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Shahzad
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Lisa Tang
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Tripti Vashisth
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Tripti Vashisth,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Z, Hartman S, van Veen H, Zhang H, Leeggangers HACF, Martopawiro S, Bosman F, de Deugd F, Su P, Hummel M, Rankenberg T, Hassall KL, Bailey-Serres J, Theodoulou FL, Voesenek LACJ, Sasidharan R. Ethylene augments root hypoxia tolerance via growth cessation and reactive oxygen species amelioration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1365-1383. [PMID: 35640551 PMCID: PMC9516759 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Flooded plants experience impaired gas diffusion underwater, leading to oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). The volatile plant hormone ethylene is rapidly trapped in submerged plant cells and is instrumental for enhanced hypoxia acclimation. However, the precise mechanisms underpinning ethylene-enhanced hypoxia survival remain unclear. We studied the effect of ethylene pretreatment on hypoxia survival of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) primary root tips. Both hypoxia itself and re-oxygenation following hypoxia are highly damaging to root tip cells, and ethylene pretreatments reduced this damage. Ethylene pretreatment alone altered the abundance of transcripts and proteins involved in hypoxia responses, root growth, translation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Through imaging and manipulating ROS abundance in planta, we demonstrated that ethylene limited excessive ROS formation during hypoxia and subsequent re-oxygenation and improved oxidative stress survival in a PHYTOGLOBIN1-dependent manner. In addition, we showed that root growth cessation via ethylene and auxin occurred rapidly and that this quiescence behavior contributed to enhanced hypoxia tolerance. Collectively, our results show that the early flooding signal ethylene modulates a variety of processes that all contribute to hypoxia survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongtao Zhang
- Plant Sciences and the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Hendrika A C F Leeggangers
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Shanice Martopawiro
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Bosman
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Florian de Deugd
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Peng Su
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Maureen Hummel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Tom Rankenberg
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsty L Hassall
- Intelligent Data Ecosystems, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | | | - Laurentius A C J Voesenek
- Plant-Environment Signaling, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shah AA, Yasin NA, Mudassir M, Ramzan M, Hussain I, Siddiqui MH, Ali HM, Shabbir Z, Ali A, Ahmed S, Kumar R. Iron oxide nanoparticles and selenium supplementation improve growth and photosynthesis by modulating antioxidant system and gene expression of chlorophyll synthase (CHLG) and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR) in arsenic-stressed Cucumis melo. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119413. [PMID: 35525515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current research reveals the positive role of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and selenium (Se) in extenuation of arsenic (As) induced toxicity in Cucumis melo. C. melo plants grown in As spiked soil (20 mg kg-1 As) showed reduced growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductivity and transpiration. On the other hand, the alone applications of IONPs or Se improved growth and physiochemical parameters of C. melo plants. Additionally, exogenous application IONPs and Se synergistically improved the activity of antioxidative enzymes and glyoxalase system in C. melo plants. In addition, the collective treatment of IONPs and Se reduced As uptake, enhanced rate of photosynthesis and increased gas exchange attributes of C. melo plants under As stress. Interactive effect of IONPs and Se regulated reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ascorbate (AsA) content in C. melo plants exposed to As-contaminated Soil. IONPs and Se treatment also regulated expression of respiratory burst oxidase homologue D (RBOHD) gene, chlorophyll synthase (CHLG) and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR). Therefore, the combined treatment of IONPs and Se may enhance the growth of crop plants by alleviating As stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Gardens, RO-II office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Musarrat Ramzan
- Department of Botany, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Iqtidar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zunera Shabbir
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, USA
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
León J, Castillo MC, Gayubas B. The hypoxia-reoxygenation stress in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5841-5856. [PMID: 33367851 PMCID: PMC8355755 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants are very plastic in adapting growth and development to changing adverse environmental conditions. This feature will be essential for plants to survive climate changes characterized by extreme temperatures and rainfall. Although plants require molecular oxygen (O2) to live, they can overcome transient low-O2 conditions (hypoxia) until return to standard 21% O2 atmospheric conditions (normoxia). After heavy rainfall, submerged plants in flooded lands undergo transient hypoxia until water recedes and normoxia is recovered. The accumulated information on the physiological and molecular events occurring during the hypoxia phase contrasts with the limited knowledge on the reoxygenation process after hypoxia, which has often been overlooked in many studies in plants. Phenotypic alterations during recovery are due to potentiated oxidative stress generated by simultaneous reoxygenation and reillumination leading to cell damage. Besides processes such as N-degron proteolytic pathway-mediated O2 sensing, or mitochondria-driven metabolic alterations, other molecular events controlling gene expression have been recently proposed as key regulators of hypoxia and reoxygenation. RNA regulatory functions, chromatin remodeling, protein synthesis, and post-translational modifications must all be studied in depth in the coming years to improve our knowledge on hypoxia-reoxygenation transition in plants, a topic with relevance in agricultural biotechnology in the context of global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José León
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mari Cruz Castillo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gayubas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Loreti E, Striker GG. Plant Responses to Hypoxia: Signaling and Adaptation. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121704. [PMID: 33287421 PMCID: PMC7761823 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen deficiency leads to altered cellular metabolism and can dramatically reduce crop productivity. Nearly all crops are negatively affected by lack of oxygen (hypoxia) due to adverse environmental conditions such as excessive rain and soil waterlogging. Extensive efforts to fully understand how plants sense oxygen deficiency and their ability to respond using different strategies are crucial to increase hypoxia tolerance. It was estimated that 57% of crop losses are due to floods [1]. Progress in our understanding has been significant in the last years. This topic deserved more attention from the academic community; therefore, we have compiled a Special Issue including four reviews and thirteen research articles reflecting the advancements made thus far.[...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Loreti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.L.); (G.G.S.)
| | - Gustavo G. Striker
- IFEVA, CONICET, Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
- Correspondence: (E.L.); (G.G.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee HJ, Park JS, Shin SY, Kim SG, Lee G, Kim HS, Jeon JH, Cho HS. Submergence deactivates wound-induced plant defence against herbivores. Commun Biol 2020; 3:651. [PMID: 33159149 PMCID: PMC7648080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flooding is a common and critical disaster in agriculture, because it causes defects in plant growth and even crop loss. An increase in herbivore populations is often observed after floods, which leads to additional damage to the plants. Although molecular mechanisms underlying the plant responses to flooding have been identified, how plant defence systems are affected by flooding remains poorly understood. Herein, we show that submergence deactivates wound-induced defence against herbivore attack in Arabidopsis thaliana. Submergence rapidly suppressed the wound-induced expression of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes, resulting in reduced JA accumulation. While plants exposed to hypoxia in argon gas exhibited similar reduced wound responses, the inhibitory effects were initiated after short-term submergence without signs for lack of oxygen. Instead, expression of ethylene-responsive genes was increased after short-term submergence. Blocking ethylene signalling by ein2-1 mutation partially restored suppressed expression of several wound-responsive genes by submergence. In addition, submergence rapidly removed active markers of histone modifications at a gene locus involved in JA biosynthesis. Our findings suggest that submergence inactivates defence systems of plants, which would explain the proliferation of herbivores after flooding. Hyo-Jun Lee et al. show that submergence in Arabidopsis deactivates wound-induced defence against herbivore attack by suppressing the expression of jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes and increasing expression of ethylene-responsive genes. These results shed light on how flooding may impact plant defence systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
| | - Ji-Sun Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seung Yong Shin
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sang-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Gisuk Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jae Heung Jeon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Cho
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou X, Xiang Y, Li C, Yu G. Modulatory Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Root Development in Model Plant of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:485932. [PMID: 33042167 PMCID: PMC7525048 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.485932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a type of oxygen monoelectronic reduction product, have a higher chemical activity than O2. Although ROS pose potential risks to all organisms via inducing oxidative stress, indispensable role of ROS in individual development cannot be ignored. Among them, the role of ROS in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is deeply studied. Mounting evidence suggests that ROS are essential for root and root hair development. In the present review, we provide an updated perspective on the latest research progress pertaining to the role of ROS in the precise regulation of root stem cell maintenance and differentiation, redox regulation of the cell cycle, and root hair initiation during root growth. Among the different types of ROS, O2 •- and H2O2 have been extensively investigated, and they exhibit different gradient distributions in the roots. The concentration of O2 •- decreases along a gradient from the meristem to the transition zone and the concentration of H2O2 decreases along a gradient from the differentiation zone to the elongation zone. These gradients are regulated by peroxidases, which are modulated by the UPBEAT1 (UPB1) transcription factor. In addition, multiple transcriptional factors, such as APP1, ABO8, PHB3, and RITF1, which are involved in the brassinolide signaling pathway, converge as a ROS signal to regulate root stem cell maintenance. Furthermore, superoxide anions (O2 •-) are generated from the oxidation in mitochondria, ROS produced during plasmid metabolism, H2O2 produced in apoplasts, and catalysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) in the cell membrane. Furthermore, ROS can act as a signal to regulate redox status, which regulates the expression of the cell-cycle components CYC2;3, CYCB1;1, and retinoblastoma-related protein, thereby controlling the cell-cycle progression. In the root maturation zone, the epidermal cells located in the H cell position emerge to form hair cells, and plant hormones, such as auxin and ethylene regulate root hair formation via ROS. Furthermore, ROS accumulation can influence hormone signal transduction and vice versa. Data about the association between nutrient stress and ROS signals in root hair development are scarce. However, the fact that ROBHC/RHD2 or RHD6 is specifically expressed in root hair cells and induced by nutrients, may explain the relationship. Future studies should focus on the regulatory mechanisms underlying root hair development via the interactions of ROS with hormone signals and nutrient components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guanghui Yu
- *Correspondence: Guanghui Yu, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-1878
| |
Collapse
|