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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Guo S, Qin D, Yan J, Cheng H, Zhou J, Ren J, Sun L, Peng H, Wu X, Li B. Copper doped carbon dots modified bacterial cellulose with enhanced antibacterial and immune regulatory functions for accelerating wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122656. [PMID: 39245512 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment of wound healing is susceptible to bacterial infection, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and inadequate angiogenesis, requiring the development of innovative wound dressings with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic capabilities. This research crafted a new multifunctional bacterial cellulose composite membrane infused with copper-doped carbon dots (BC/Cu(II)-RCDs). Findings validated the successful loading of copper-doped carbon dots onto the BC membrane via hydrogen bonding interactions. Compared to the pure BC membrane, the BC/Cu(II)-RCDs composite membrane exhibited significantly enhanced hydrophilicity, tensile properties, and thermal stability. Diverse in vitro assays demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of BC/Cu(II)-RCDs composite membranes, alongside their ability to expedite the inflammatory phase and stimulate angiogenesis. In vivo trials corroborated the membrane's ability to foster epithelial regeneration, collagen deposition, and tissue regrowth in full-thickness skin wounds in rats while also curbing inflammation in infected full-thickness skin wounds. More importantly, the treatment of the BC/Cu(II)-RCDs composite membrane may result in the activation of VEGF and MAPK signaling proteins, which are key players in cell migration, angiogenesis, and skin tissue development. In essence, the developed BC/Cu(II)-RCDs composite membrane shows promise for treating infected wounds and serves as a viable alternative material for medicinal bandages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Liu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Susu Guo
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Danlei Qin
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Huaiyi Cheng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Ren
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingxiang Sun
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyi Peng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Sharda D, Attri K, Choudhury D. Greener healing: sustainable nanotechnology for advanced wound care. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:127. [PMID: 39136798 PMCID: PMC11322481 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing involves a carefully regulated sequence of events, encompassing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory stages, tissue regeneration, and remodeling. However, in individuals with diabetes, this process gets disrupted due to dysregulation caused by elevated glucose levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bloodstream. Consequently, the pro-inflammatory stage is prolonged, while the anti-inflammatory phase is delayed, leading to impaired tissue regeneration and remodeling with extended healing time. Furthermore, the increased glucose levels in open wounds create an environment conducive to microbial growth and tissue sepsis, which can escalate to the point of limb amputation. Managing diabetic wounds requires meticulous care and monitoring due to the lack of widely available preventative and therapeutic measures. Existing clinical interventions have limitations, such as slow recovery rates, high costs, and inefficient drug delivery methods. Therefore, exploring alternative avenues to develop effective wound-healing treatments is essential. Nature offers a vast array of resources in the form of secondary metabolites, notably polyphenols, known for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, glucose-regulating, and cell growth-promoting properties. Additionally, nanoparticles synthesized through environmentally friendly methods hold promise for wound healing applications in diabetic and non-diabetic conditions. This review provides a comprehensive discussion and summary of the potential wound-healing abilities of specific natural polyphenols and their nanoparticles. It explores the mechanisms of action underlying their efficacy and presents effective formulations for promoting wound-healing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepinder Sharda
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Komal Attri
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology-Virginia Tech (USA) Centre of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology-Virginia Tech (USA) Centre of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Korsa G, Konwarh R, Masi C, Ayele A, Haile S. Microbial cellulase production and its potential application for textile industries. ANN MICROBIOL 2023; 73:13. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The textile industry’s previous chemical use resulted in thousands of practical particulate emissions, such as machine component damage and drainage system blockage, both of which have practical implications. Enzyme-based textile processing is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-hazardous, and water-saving. The purpose of this review is to give evidence on the potential activity of microbial cellulase in the textile industry, which is mostly confined to the realm of research.
Methods
This review was progressive by considering peer-reviewed papers linked to microbial cellulase production, and its prospective application for textile industries was appraised and produced to develop this assessment. Articles were divided into two categories based on the results of trustworthy educational journals: methods used to produce the diversity of microorganisms through fermentation processes and such approaches used to produce the diversity of microbes through microbial fermentation. Submerged fermentation (SMF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) techniques are currently being used to meet industrial demand for microbial cellulase production in the bio textile industry.
Results
Microbial cellulase is vital for increasing day to day due to its no side effect on the environment and human health becoming increasingly important. In conventional textile processing, the gray cloth was subjected to a series of chemical treatments that involved breaking the dye molecule’s amino group with Cl − , which started and accelerated dye(-resistant) bond cracking. A cellulase enzyme is primarily derived from a variety of microbial species found in various ecological settings as a biotextile/bio-based product technology for future needs in industrial applications.
Conclusion
Cellulase has been produced for its advantages in cellulose-based textiles, as well as for quality enhancement and fabric maintenance over traditional approaches. Cellulase’s role in the industry was microbial fermentation processes in textile processing which was chosen as an appropriate and environmentally sound solution for a long and healthy lifestyle.
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Gilmour KA, Aljannat M, Markwell C, James P, Scott J, Jiang Y, Torun H, Dade-Robertson M, Zhang M. Biofilm inspired fabrication of functional bacterial cellulose through ex-situ and in-situ approaches. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120482. [PMID: 36641190 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been explored for use in a range of applications including tissue engineering and textiles. BC can be produced from waste streams, but sustainable approaches are needed for functionalisation. To this end, BslA, a B. subtilis biofilm protein was produced recombinantly with and without a cellulose binding module (CBM) and the cell free extract was used to treat BC either ex-situ, through drip coating or in-situ, by incorporating during fermentation. The results showed that ex-situ modified BC increased the hydrophobicity and water contact angle reached 120°. In-situ experiments led to a BC film morphological change and mechanical testing demonstrated that addition of BslA with CBM resulted in a stronger, more elastic material. This study presents a nature inspired approach to functionalise BC using a biofilm hydrophobin, and we demonstrate that recombinant proteins could be effective and sustainable molecules for functionalisation of BC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Gilmour
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Mahab Aljannat
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Christopher Markwell
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Paul James
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Jane Scott
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Yunhong Jiang
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Hamdi Torun
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Engineering, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Martyn Dade-Robertson
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
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Raut MP, Asare E, Syed Mohamed SMD, Amadi EN, Roy I. Bacterial Cellulose-Based Blends and Composites: Versatile Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:986. [PMID: 36674505 PMCID: PMC9865793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose of bacterial origin, known as bacterial cellulose (BC), is one of the most versatile biomaterials that has a huge potential in tissue engineering due to its favourable mechanical properties, high hydrophilicity, crystallinity, and purity. Additional properties such as porous nano-fibrillar 3D structure and a high degree of polymerisation of BC mimic the properties of the native extracellular matrix (ECM), making it an excellent material for the fabrication of composite scaffolds suitable for cell growth and tissue development. Recently, the fabrication of BC-based scaffolds, including composites and blends with nanomaterials, and other biocompatible polymers has received particular attention owing to their desirable properties for tissue engineering. These have proven to be promising advanced materials in hard and soft tissue engineering. This review presents the latest state-of-the-art modified/functionalised BC-based composites and blends as advanced materials in tissue engineering. Their applicability as an ideal biomaterial in targeted tissue repair including bone, cartilage, vascular, skin, nerve, and cardiac tissue has been discussed. Additionally, this review briefly summarises the latest updates on the production strategies and characterisation of BC and its composites and blends. Finally, the challenges in the future development and the direction of future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
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6
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Cai W, Shen T, Wang D, Li T, Yu J, Peng C, Tang BZ. Efficient antibacterial AIEgens induced ROS for selective photodynamic treatment of bacterial keratitis. Front Chem 2023; 10:1088935. [PMID: 36688052 PMCID: PMC9846558 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1088935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is an acute infection of the cornea, accompanied by uneven epithelium boundaries with stromal ulceration, potentially resulting in vision loss. Topical antibiotic is the regular treatment for BK. However, the incidence rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria limits the application of traditional antibiotics. Therefore, a cationic aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) named TTVP is utilized for the treatment of BK. TTVP showed no obvious cytotoxicity in maintaining the normal cell morphology and viability under a limited concentration, and revealed the ability to selectively combine with bacteria in normal ocular environment. After light irradiation, TTVP produced reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus exerting efficient antibacterial ability in vitro. What's more, in rat models of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection, the therapeutic intervention of TTVP lessens the degree of corneal opacity and inflammatory infiltration, limiting the spread of inflammation. Besides, TTVP manifested superior antibacterial efficacy than levofloxacin in acute BK, endowing its better vision salvage ability than conventional method. This research demonstrates the efficacy and advantages of TTVP as a photodynamic drug in the treatment of BK and represents its promise in clinical application of ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
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7
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Tang KY, Heng JZX, Chai CHT, Chan CY, Low BQL, Chong SME, Loh HY, Li Z, Ye E, Loh XJ. Modified Bacterial Cellulose for Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200598. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Yuanting Tang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Jerry Zhi Xiong Heng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Casandra Hui Teng Chai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Chui Yu Chan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Beverly Qian Ling Low
- National University of Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Serene Ming En Chong
- Singapore Institute of Technology Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Cluster SINGAPORE
| | - Hong Yi Loh
- Nanyang Technological University Department of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #8-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
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Shrivastav P, Pramanik S, Vaidya G, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Singh A, Abualsoud BM, Amaral LS, Abourehab MAS. Bacterial cellulose as a potential biopolymer in biomedical applications: a state-of-the-art review. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3199-3241. [PMID: 35445674 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02709c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Throughout history, natural biomaterials have benefited society. Nevertheless, in recent years, tailoring natural materials for diverse biomedical applications accompanied with sustainability has become the focus. With the progress in the field of materials science, novel approaches for the production, processing, and functionalization of biomaterials to obtain specific architectures have become achievable. This review highlights an immensely adaptable natural biomaterial, bacterial cellulose (BC). BC is an emerging sustainable biopolymer with immense potential in the biomedical field due to its unique physical properties such as flexibility, high porosity, good water holding capacity, and small size; chemical properties such as high crystallinity, foldability, high purity, high polymerization degree, and easy modification; and biological characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, excellent biological affinity, and non-biotoxicity. The structure of BC consists of glucose monomer units polymerized via cellulose synthase in β-1-4 glucan chains, creating BC nano fibrillar bundles with a uniaxial orientation. BC-based composites have been extensively investigated for diverse biomedical applications due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix structure. The recent progress in nanotechnology allows the further modification of BC, producing novel BC-based biomaterials for various applications. In this review, we strengthen the existing knowledge on the production of BC and BC composites and their unique properties, and highlight the most recent advances, focusing mainly on the delivery of active pharmaceutical compounds, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Further, we endeavor to present the challenges and prospects for BC-associated composites for their application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Shrivastav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India.,Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kolivery Village, Mathuradas Colony, Kalina, Vakola, Santacruz East, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 098, India
| | - Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Gayatri Vaidya
- Department of Studies in Food Technology, Davangere University, Davangere 577007, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, J.S. University, Shikohabad, Firozabad, UP 283135, India.
| | - Bassam M Abualsoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Larissa Souza Amaral
- Department of Bioengineering (USP ALUMNI), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566590, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 11566, Egypt
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9
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Recent Advances on Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Management: Promises and Challenges. INT J POLYM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1214734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a therapeutic challenge due to the complexity of the wound. Various wounds could cause severe physiological trauma and bring social and economic burdens to the patient. The conventional wound healing treatments using bandages and gauze are limited particularly due to their susceptibility to infection. Different types of wound dressing have developed in different physical forms such as sponges, hydrocolloids, films, membranes, and hydrogels. Each of these formulations possesses distinct characteristics making them appropriate for the treatment of a specific wound. In this review, the pathology and microbiology of wounds are introduced. Then, the most recent progress on bacterial cellulose- (BC-) based wound dressing discussed and highlighted their antibacterial and reepithelization properties in vitro and in vivo wound closure. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives on the development of BC-based wound dressing biomaterials are outlined.
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He W, Wu J, Xu J, Mosselhy DA, Zheng Y, Yang S. Bacterial Cellulose: Functional Modification and Wound Healing Applications. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:623-640. [PMID: 32870775 PMCID: PMC8392072 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound dressings are frequently used for wound covering and healing. Ideal wound dressings should provide a moist environment for wounds and actively promote wound healing and skin recovery. The materials used as ideal wound dressings should possess specific properties, thus accelerating skin tissue regeneration process. Recent Advances: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer synthesized by some bacteria. As a kind of natural biopolymer, BC shows good biological activity, biodegradability, and biological adaptability. It has many unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, such as ultrafine nanofiber network, high crystallinity, high water absorption and retention capacity, and high tensile strength and elastic modulus. These excellent properties of BC have laid the foundation for its application as dressing in wound healing. Critical Issues: To optimize the biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of BC, different methods including microbial fermentation, physical modification, chemical modification, and compound modification have been adopted to modify BC to ensure a better application in wound healing. BC-based wound dressings have been applied in infected wounds, acute traumatic injuries, burns, and diabetic wounds, showing remarkable therapeutic effects on promoting wound healing. Furthermore, there have been some commercial BC-based dressings and they have been utilized in clinical practice. Future Directions: Because of its excellent physicochemical characteristics and biological properties, BC shows high clinical value to be used as a wound dressing for skin tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Xiangcheng Medical Materials Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Suzhou Xiangcheng Medical Materials Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
- Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dina A. Mosselhy
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Yudong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Wound Repair and Regeneration of PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical College of PLA, Beijing, China
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11
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Benign Production of AgNPs/Bacterial Nanocellulose for Wound Healing Dress: Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity and In Vitro Studies. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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12
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Bacterial Cellulose as a Potential Bio-Scaffold for Effective Re-Epithelialization Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101592. [PMID: 34683885 PMCID: PMC8540158 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are several therapeutic approaches available for wound injury management. However, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of how biomaterials affect cell behavior is needed to develop potential repair strategies. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a bacteria-produced biopolymer with several advantageous qualities for skin tissue engineering. The aim here was to investigate BC-based scaffold on epithelial regeneration and wound healing by examining its effects on the expression of scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) and underlying macrophage behavior. Full-thickness skin wounds were generated on Sprague-Dawley rats and the healing of these wounds, with and without BC scaffolds, was examined over 14 days using Masson’s trichome staining. BC scaffolds displayed excellent in vitro biocompatibility, maintained the stemness function of cells and promoted keratinocyte differentiation of cells, which are vital in maintaining and restoring the injured epidermis. BC scaffolds also exhibited positive in vivo effects on the wound microenvironment, including improved skin extracellular matrix deposition and controlled excessive inflammation by reduction of SR-A expression. Furthermore, BC scaffold significantly enhanced epithelialization by stimulating the balance of M1/M2 macrophage re-programming for beneficial tissue repair relative to that of collagen material. These findings suggest that BC-based materials are promising products for skin injury repair.
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13
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Hecker A, Schellnegger M, Hofmann E, Luze H, Nischwitz SP, Kamolz LP, Kotzbeck P. The impact of resveratrol on skin wound healing, scarring, and aging. Int Wound J 2021; 19:9-28. [PMID: 33949795 PMCID: PMC8684849 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a well‐known antioxidant that harbours many health beneficial properties. Multiple studies associated the antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and cell protective effects of resveratrol. These diverse effects of resveratrol are also potentially involved in cutaneous wound healing, scarring, and (photo‐)aging of the skin. Hence, this review highlighted the most relevant studies involving resveratrol in wound healing, scarring, and photo‐aging of the skin. A systematic review was performed and the database PubMed was searched for suitable publications. Only original articles in English that investigated the effects of resveratrol in wound healing, scarring, and (photo‐)aging of the skin were analysed. The literature search yielded a total of 826 studies, but only 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies showed promising results that resveratrol might be a feasible treatment approach to support wound healing, counteract excessive scarring, and even prevent photo‐aging of the skin. Resveratrol represents an interesting and promising novel therapy regime but to confirm resveratrol‐associated effects, more evidence based in vitro and in vivo studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Hecker
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlies Schellnegger
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Hofmann
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hanna Luze
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Philipp Nischwitz
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- COREMED-Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases-A Literature Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040451. [PMID: 33810552 PMCID: PMC8066164 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.
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15
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Emre Oz Y, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Safa N, Esin Hames Tuna E. A review of functionalised bacterial cellulose for targeted biomedical fields. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:648-681. [PMID: 33673762 DOI: 10.1177/0885328221998033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC), which can be produced by microorganisms, is an ideal biomaterial especially for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems thanks to its properties of high purity, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, high crystallinity, 3 D nanofiber structure, porosity and high-water holding capacity. Therefore, wide ranges of researches have been done on the BC production process and its structural and physical modifications to make it more suitable for certain targeted biomedical applications thoroughly. BC's properties such as mechanical strength, pore diameter and porosity can be tuned in situ or ex situ processes by using various polymer and compounds. Besides, different organic or inorganic compounds that support cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation or provide functions such as antimicrobial effectiveness can be gained to its structure for targeted application. These processes not only increase the usage options of BC but also provide success for mimicking the natural tissue microenvironment, especially in tissue engineering applications. In this review article, the studies on optimisation of BC production in the last decade and the BC modification and functionalisation studies conducted for the three main perspectives as tissue engineering, drug delivery and wound dressing with diverse approaches are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Oz
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Neriman Safa
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - E Esin Hames Tuna
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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16
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Poltronieri P, Xu B, Giovinazzo G. Resveratrol and other Stilbenes: Effects on Dysregulated Gene Expression in Cancers and Novel Delivery Systems. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:567-574. [PMID: 32628597 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200705220722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trans-resveratrol (RESV), pterostilbene, trans-piceid and trans-viniferins are bioactive stilbenes present in grapes and other plants. Several groups applied biotechnology to introduce their synthesis in plant crops. Biochemical interaction with enzymes, regulation of non-coding RNAs, and activation of signaling pathways and transcription factors are among the main effects described in literature. However, solubility in ethanol, short half-life, metabolism by gut bacteria, make the concentration responsible for the effects observed in cultured cells difficult to achieve. Derivatives obtained by synthesis, trans-resveratrol analogs and methoxylated stilbenes show to be more stable and allow the synthesis of bioactive compounds with higher bioavailability. However, changes in chemical structure may require testing for toxicity. Thus, the delivery of RESV and its natural analogs incorporated into liposomes or nanoparticles, is the best choice to ensure stability during administration and appropriate absorption. The application of RESV and its derivatives with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity is presented with description of novel clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmiro Poltronieri
- Department of Agrofood and Biological Sciences, National Research Council, CNR-ISPA, Lecce, Italy
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Giovanna Giovinazzo
- Department of Agrofood and Biological Sciences, National Research Council, CNR-ISPA, Lecce, Italy
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17
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Naomi R, Bt Hj Idrus R, Fauzi MB. Plant- vs. Bacterial-Derived Cellulose for Wound Healing: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6803. [PMID: 32961877 PMCID: PMC7559319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is a naturally existing element in the plant's cell wall and in several bacteria. The unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose (BC), such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility, together with the modifiable form of nanocellulose, or the integration with nanoparticles, such as nanosilver (AgNP), all for antibacterial effects, contributes to the extensive usage of BC in wound healing applications. Due to this, BC has gained much demand and attention for therapeutical usage over time, especially in the pharmaceutical industry when compared to plant cellulose (PC). This paper reviews the progress of related research based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials, including the overall information concerning BC and PC production and its mechanisms in wound healing. The physicochemical differences between BC and PC have been clearly summarized in a comparison table. Meanwhile, the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved BC products in the biomedical field are thoroughly discussed with their applications. The paper concludes on the need for further investigations of BC in the future, in an attempt to make BC an essential wound dressing that has the ability to be marketable in the global marketplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
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18
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Scull G, Brown AC. Development of novel microenvironments for promoting enhanced wound healing. CURRENT TISSUE MICROENVIRONMENT REPORTS 2020; 1:73-87. [PMID: 33748773 PMCID: PMC7968354 DOI: 10.1007/s43152-020-00009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonhealing wounds are a significant issue facing the healthcare industry. Materials that modulate the wound microenvironment have the potential to improve healing outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS A variety of acellular and cellular scaffolds have been developed for regulating the wound microenvironment, including materials for controlled release of antimicrobials and growth factors, materials with inherent immunomodulative properties, and novel colloidal-based scaffolds. Scaffold construction methods include electrospinning, 3D printing, decellularization of extracellular matrix, or a combination of techniques. Material application methods include layering or injecting at the wound site. SUMMARY Though these techniques show promise for repairing wounds, all material strategies thus far struggle to induce regeneration of features such as sweat glands and hair follicles. Nonetheless, innovative technologies currently in the research phase may facilitate future attainment of these features. Novel methods and materials are constantly arising for the development of microenvironments for enhanced wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Scull
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Ashley C. Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
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19
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Torgbo S, Sukyai P. Biodegradation and thermal stability of bacterial cellulose as biomaterial: The relevance in biomedical applications. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Bacterial Cellulose as a Versatile Platform for Research and Development of Biomedical Materials. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique pool of features found in intracellular and extracellular bacterial biopolymers attracts a lot of research, with bacterial cellulose (BC) being one of the most versatile and common. BC is an exopolysaccharide consisting solely of cellulose, and the variation in the production process can vary its shape or even its composition when compounding is applied in situ. Together with ex situ modification pathways, including specialised polymers, particles or exclusively functional groups, BC provides a robust platform that yields complex multifunctional compounds that go far beyond ultra-high purity, intrinsic hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and biocompatibility to introduce bioactive, (pH, thermal, electro) responsive, conductive and ‘smart’ properties. This review summarises the research outcomes in BC-medical applications, focusing mainly on data from the past decade (i.e., 2010–2020), with special emphasis on BC nanocomposites as materials and devices applicable in medicine. The high purity and unique structural/mechanical features, in addition to its capacity to closely adhere to irregular skin surfaces, skin tolerance, and demonstrated efficacy in wound healing, all stand as valuable attributes advantageous in topical drug delivery. Numerous studies prove BC compatibility with various human cells, with modifications even improving cell affinity and viability. Even BC represents a physical barrier that can reduce the penetration of bacteria into the tissue, but in its native form does not exhibit antimicrobial properties, therefore carious modifications have been made or specific compounds added to confer antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory properties. Progress in the use of BC-compounds as wound dressings, vascular grafts, and scaffolds for the treatment of cartilage, bone and osteochondral defects, the role as a basement membrane in blood-brain barrier models and many more are discussed to particular extent, emphasising the need for BC compounding to meet specific requirements.
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21
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Cell-free scaffold from jellyfish Cassiopea andromeda (Cnidaria; Scyphozoa) for skin tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 111:110748. [PMID: 32279751 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the continuous cutaneous membrane in the integumentary system is considered a health problem of high cost for any nation. Several attempts have been made for developing skin substitutes in order to restore injured tissue including autologous implants and the use of scaffolds based on synthetic and natural materials. Current biomaterials used for skin tissue repair include several scaffold matrices types, synthetic or natural, absorbable, degradable or non-degradable polymers, porous or dense scaffolds, and cells capsulated in hydrogels or spheroids systems so forth. These materials have advantages and disadvantages and its use will depend on the desired application. Recently, marine organisms such as jellyfish have attracted renewed interest, because both its composition and structure resemble the architecture of human dermic tissue. In this context, the present study aims to generate scaffolds from Cassiopea andromeda (C. andromeda), with application in skin tissue engineering, using a decellularization process. The obtained scaffold was studied by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crystal violet staining and DNA quantification assessed decellularization effectiveness while the biocompatibility of scaffold was determined with human dermic fibroblasts. Results indicated that the decellularization process reduce native cell population leading to 70% reduction in DNA content. In addition, SEM showed that the macro and microstructure of the collagen I-based scaffold were preserved allowing good adhesion and proliferation of human dermic fibroblasts. The C. andromeda scaffold mimics human skin and therefore represents great potential for skin tissue engineering.
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22
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Hodel KVS, Fonseca LMDS, Santos IMDS, Cerqueira JC, dos Santos-Júnior RE, Nunes SB, Barbosa JDV, Machado BAS. Evaluation of Different Methods for Cultivating Gluconacetobacter hansenii for Bacterial Cellulose and Montmorillonite Biocomposite Production: Wound-Dressing Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020267. [PMID: 31991906 PMCID: PMC7077264 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received considerable attention due to its unique properties, including an ultrafine network structure with high purity, mechanical strength, inherent biodegradability, biocompatibility, high water-holding capacity and high crystallinity. These properties allow BC to be used in biomedical and industrial applications, such as medical product. This research investigated the production of BC by Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC 23769 using different carbon sources (glucose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose) at two different concentrations (25 and 50 g∙L−1). The BC produced was used to develop a biocomposite with montmorillonite (MMT), a clay mineral that possesses interesting characteristics for enhancing BC physical-chemical properties, at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3% concentrations. The resulting biocomposites were characterized in terms of their physical and barrier properties, morphologies, water-uptake capacities, and thermal stabilities. Our results show that bacteria presented higher BC yields in media with higher glucose concentrations (50 g∙L−1) after a 14-day incubation period. Additionally, the incorporation of MMT significantly improved the mechanical and thermal properties of the BC membranes. The degradation temperature of the composites was extended, and a decrease in the water holding capacity (WHC) and an improvement in the water release rate (WRR) were noted. Determining a cost-effective medium for the production of BC and the characterization of the produced composites are extremely important for the biomedical applications of BC, such as in wound dressing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, Health Institute of Technologies (ITS CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (K.V.S.H.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (J.C.C.); (J.D.V.B.)
| | - Larissa Moraes dos Santos Fonseca
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, Health Institute of Technologies (ITS CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (K.V.S.H.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (J.C.C.); (J.D.V.B.)
| | - Isa Moreira da Silva Santos
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (I.M.d.S.S.); (R.E.d.S.-J.); (S.B.N.)
| | - Jamile Costa Cerqueira
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, Health Institute of Technologies (ITS CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (K.V.S.H.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (J.C.C.); (J.D.V.B.)
| | | | - Silmar Baptista Nunes
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (I.M.d.S.S.); (R.E.d.S.-J.); (S.B.N.)
| | - Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, Health Institute of Technologies (ITS CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (K.V.S.H.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (J.C.C.); (J.D.V.B.)
| | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, Health Institute of Technologies (ITS CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (K.V.S.H.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (J.C.C.); (J.D.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(71)-3879-5624
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