1
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Cao X, Zhou Y, Huang J, Yu B, Zhao W, Wu W. Self-assembled lignin-based flame retardant hybrids carrying Cu 2+ for poly(lactic acid) composites with improved fire safety and mechanical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132141. [PMID: 38723809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
To enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical performance of PLA, a polyelectrolyte complex predicated on lignin was obtained by electrostatic mutual adsorption of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and copper ions as raw materials. The FT-IR spectra and EDX analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of a lignin-based flame retardant hybrid (APL-Cu2+) containing copper, phosphorus, and nitrogen elements. The combustion test results showed that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the PLA composite containing 12 wt% APL-Cu2+ were decreased by 15.1 % and 18.2 %, respectively, as compared to those of pure PLA. The char residue morphology observation revealed that the addition of APL-Cu2+ could promote the formation of a highly dense and stable graphitized char layer, while TG-MS detected the emission of refractory gases such as ammonia gas, carbon dioxide, and water during combustion. The strong hydrogen bonding between APL-Cu2+ and the PLA matrix kept the composite maintaining good strength and toughness. The tensile strength and impact strength of PLA/6APL-Cu2+ increased by 4.73 % and 65.71 %, respectively, due to its high crystallinity and good interfacial compatibility. This work provides a feasible method to develop biobased flame retardant hybrids for PLA composites with better fire safety and improved mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yangsheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingshu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wanjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Engineering Center for Superlubricity, Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China.
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2
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Ju Z, Brosse N, Hoppe S, Wang Z, Ziegler-Devin I, Zhang H, Shu B. Thermal and mechanical properties of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified lignin/polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129997. [PMID: 38340934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a method was proposed to prepare biocomposites from polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified lignin using twin-screw extrusion process. The structure of PEG-modified lignin was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) analysis. The effects of different contents of soda lignin and PEG-modified lignin on PLA composites were studied by tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and degradation analysis. The experimental results showed that the addition of PEG-modified lignin enhanced the heat resistance of PLA composite. PLA could be combined with up to 30 % PEG-modified lignin, with no significant reduction in tensile strength properties. Compared with PLA-L30, the tensile stress and elongation at break of PLA-PL30 were increased by 26.4 % and 78.9 %, respectively. This approach provided a new way to produce high-performance lignin based-PLA composites and had certain industrial application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Ju
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; Université de Lorraine - INRAE - LERMAB - GP4W, F 54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Nicolas Brosse
- Université de Lorraine - INRAE - LERMAB - GP4W, F 54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Sandrine Hoppe
- Université de Lorraine - CNRS - LRGP, F 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | | | - Haiyang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Biqing Shu
- College of Civil Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
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3
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Ma Q, Yu C, Zhou Y, Hu D, Chen J, Zhang X. A review on the calculation and application of lignin Hansen solubility parameters. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128506. [PMID: 38040143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) play a critical role in the majority of processes involving lignin depolymerization, separation, fractionation, and polymer blending, which are directly related to dissolution properties. However, the calculation of lignin HSPs is highly complicated due to the diversity of sources and the complexity of lignin structures. Despite their important role, lignin HSPs have been undervalued, attracting insufficient attention. This review summarizes the calculation methods for lignin HSPs and proposes a straightforward method based on lignin subunits. Furthermore, it highlights the crucial applications of lignin HSPs, such as identifying ideal solvents for lignin dissolution, selecting suitable solvents for lignin depolymerization and extraction, designing green solvents for lignin fractionation, and guiding the preparation of lignin-based composites. For instance, leveraging HSPs to design a series of solvents could potentially achieve sequential controllable lignin fractionation, addressing issues of low value-added applications of lignin resulting from poor homogeneity. Notably, HSPs serve as valuable tools for understanding the dissolution behavior of lignin. Consequently, we expect this review to be of great interest to researchers specializing in lignin and other macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Changqing Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of New Polyolefin Materials, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Yuran Zhou
- Winbon Schoeller New Materials Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324400, China
| | - Dinggen Hu
- Winbon Schoeller New Materials Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324400, China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; Winbon Schoeller New Materials Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324400, China
| | - Xuejin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
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4
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Vasile C, Baican M. Lignins as Promising Renewable Biopolymers and Bioactive Compounds for High-Performance Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3177. [PMID: 37571069 PMCID: PMC10420922 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The recycling of biomass into high-value-added materials requires important developments in research and technology to create a sustainable circular economy. Lignin, as a component of biomass, is a multipurpose aromatic polymer with a significant potential to be used as a renewable bioresource in many fields in which it acts both as promising biopolymer and bioactive compound. This comprehensive review gives brief insights into the recent research and technological trends on the potential of lignin development and utilization. It is divided into ten main sections, starting with an outlook on its diversity; main properties and possibilities to be used as a raw material for fuels, aromatic chemicals, plastics, or thermoset substitutes; and new developments in the use of lignin as a bioactive compound and in nanoparticles, hydrogels, 3D-printing-based lignin biomaterials, new sustainable biomaterials, and energy production and storage. In each section are presented recent developments in the preparation of lignin-based biomaterials, especially the green approaches to obtaining nanoparticles, hydrogels, and multifunctional materials as blends and bio(nano)composites; most suitable lignin type for each category of the envisaged products; main properties of the obtained lignin-based materials, etc. Different application categories of lignin within various sectors, which could provide completely sustainable energy conversion, such as in agriculture and environment protection, food packaging, biomedicine, and cosmetics, are also described. The medical and therapeutic potential of lignin-derived materials is evidenced in applications such as antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor agents; carriers for drug delivery systems with controlled/targeting drug release; tissue engineering and wound healing; and coatings, natural sunscreen, and surfactants. Lignin is mainly used for fuel, and, recently, studies highlighted more sustainable bioenergy production technologies, such as the supercapacitor electrode, photocatalysts, and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Vasile
- Romanian Academy, “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, RO700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baican
- “Grigore T. Popa” Medicine and Pharmacy University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences I Department, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physics, 16 University Street, RO700115 Iaşi, Romania;
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5
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Guo H, Zhao Y, Chang JS, Lee DJ. Lignin to value-added products: Research updates and prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 384:129294. [PMID: 37311532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the urgent need for renewable and clean energy, the efficient use of lignin is of wide interest. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of lignin depolymerization and the generation of high-value products will contribute to the global control of the formation of efficient lignin utilization. This review explores the lignin value-adding process and discusses the link between lignin functional groups and value-added products. Mechanisms and characteristics of lignin depolymerization methods are presented, and challenges and prospects for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Guo
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li 32003, Taiwan.
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6
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Wu W, Huang J, Zhao W, Zhang Q, Cao X, Li X, Li RKY. Construction of highly ductile, UV-shielding polylactide/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) biocomposites with hyperbranched polysiloxane functionalized lignin as a biocompatibilizer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124943. [PMID: 37210051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polylactide/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) blends have been widely utilized as packaging materials. However, it is urgent to develop a biocompatibilizer to improve the interfacial interaction of the biodegradable immiscible polymer blends in practice. In this paper, a novel type of hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) with terminal methoxy groups was synthesized and then utilized to functionalize lignin through a hydrosilation reaction. The HBPSi modified lignin (lignin@HBPSi) was incorporated into immiscible PLA/PBAT blends to serve as a biocompatibilizer. The lignin@HBPSi was uniformly dispersed in the PLA/PBAT matrix with improved interfacial compatibility. Dynamic rheological results revealed that the addition of lignin@HBPSi reduced the complex viscosity, improving the processing ability of the PLA/PBAT composite. The PLA/PBAT composite containing 5 wt% lignin@HBPSi had a superior toughness with an elongation at break of 300.2 % and a slight enhancement in tensile stress (34.47 MPa). In addition, the presence of lignin@HBPSi contributed to blocking ultraviolet rays in the full ultraviolet band. This work provides a feasible way to develop highly ductile PLA/PBAT/lignin composites with good UV-shielding properties for the packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Engineering Center for Superlubricity, Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingshu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wanjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qunchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Xianwu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Engineering Center for Superlubricity, Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China.
| | - Robert K Y Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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7
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Bouzaglou O, Golan O, Lachman N. Process Design and Parameters Interaction in Material Extrusion 3D Printing: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102280. [PMID: 37242855 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM), commonly known as "3D printing", is rapidly integrated into many various fields, from everyday commercial to high-end medical and aerospace. Its production flexibility in small-scale and complex shapes is a significant advantage over conventional methods. However, inferior physical properties of parts manufactured by AM in general, and by material extrusion in particular, compared to traditional fabrication methods, inhibit its full assimilation. Specifically, the mechanical properties of printed parts are not high enough and, more importantly, not consistent enough. Optimization of the many various printing parameters is therefore required. This work reviews the influence of material selection, printing parameters such as path (e.g., layer thickness and raster angle), build (e.g., infill and building orientation) and temperature parameters (e.g., nozzle or platform temperature) on mechanical properties. Moreover, this work focuses on the interactions between the printing parameters, their mechanisms, and the statistical methods required to identify such interactions. Choosing the right parameters can increase mechanical properties by up to 60% (raster angle and orientation build), or render other parameters insignificant (material selection), while specific settings of certain parameters can completely inverse the influence trend of other parameters. Finally, trends for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouri Bouzaglou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofek Golan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Noa Lachman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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8
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Boarino A, Klok HA. Opportunities and Challenges for Lignin Valorization in Food Packaging, Antimicrobial, and Agricultural Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1065-1077. [PMID: 36745923 PMCID: PMC10015462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of renewable resources is essential to help transition toward a more sustainable materials economy. The valorization of lignin can be a key component of this transition. Lignin is an aromatic polymer that constitutes approximately one-third of the total lignocellulosic biomass and is isolated in huge quantities as a waste material of biofuel and paper production. About 98% of the 100 million tons of lignin produced each year is simply burned as low-value fuel, so this renewable polymer is widely available at very low cost. Lignin has valuable properties that make it a promising material for numerous applications, but it is far from being fully exploited. The aim of this Perspective is to highlight opportunities and challenges for the use of lignin-based materials in food packaging, antimicrobial, and agricultural applications. In the first part, the ongoing research and the possible future developments for the use of lignin as an additive to improve mechanical, gas and UV barrier, and antioxidant properties of food packaging items will be treated. Second, the application of lignin as an antimicrobial agent will be discussed to elaborate on the activity of lignin against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Finally, the use of lignin in agriculture will be presented by focusing on the application of lignin as fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Boarino
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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9
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Comparative Evaluation of the Stiffness of Abaca-Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyethylene and High Density Polyethylene Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051096. [PMID: 36904336 PMCID: PMC10006884 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of bio-based matrices together with natural fibers as reinforcement is a strategy for obtaining materials with competitive mechanical properties, costs, and environmental impacts. However, bio-based matrices, unknown by the industry, can be a market entry barrier. The use of bio-polyethylene, which has properties similar to polyethylene, can overcome that barrier. In this study, composites reinforced with abaca fibers used as reinforcement for bio-polyethylene and high density polyethylene are prepared and tensile tested. A micromechanics analysis is deployed to measure the contributions of the matrices and reinforcements and to measure the evolution of these contributions regarding AF content and matrix nature. The results show that the mechanical properties of the composites with bio-polyethylene as a matrix were slightly higher than those of the composites with polyethylene as a matrix. It was also found that the contribution of the fibers to the Young's moduli of the composites was susceptible to the percentage of reinforcement and the nature of the matrices. The results show that it is possible to obtain fully bio-based composites with mechanical properties similar to those of partially bio-based polyolefin or even some forms of glass fiber-reinforced polyolefin.
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10
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Muzata TS, Gebrekrstos A, Orasugh JT, Ray SS. An overview of recent advances in polymer composites with improved
UV
‐shielding properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata
- Department of Polymer Technology and Engineering Harare Institute of Technology Harare Zimbabwe
| | - Amanuel Gebrekrstos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Jonathan Tersur Orasugh
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
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11
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Heo JW, Chen J, Kim MS, Kim JW, Zhang Z, Jeong H, Kim YS. Eco-friendly and facile preparation of chitosan-based biofilms of novel acetoacetylated lignin for antioxidant and UV-shielding properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1384-1393. [PMID: 36435473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of eco-friendly, sustainable, biodegradable, and biocompatible green biopolymer composites is becoming increasingly important. In this study, acetoacetylated lignin (ATL) was obtained via an eco-friendly, facile one-step synthesis reaction, and chitosan (CS)-containing ATL films (CSL) were prepared. The chemical structural analysis of ATL confirmed that the acetoacetyl groups were successfully grafted onto kraft lignin (KL). ATL with adequate acetoacetyl groups exhibited enhanced molecular weight and antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV)-shielding properties. In particular, ATL, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 23.8 μg·mL-1, exhibited superior antioxidant activity than butylated hydroxytoluene (38.3 μg·mL-1) and KL (50.0 μg·mL-1). When ATL was incorporated into the CS solution to prepare biofilms, the antioxidant activity, UV-shielding property, water resistance, and thermal stability of the CSL greatly improved. Notably, the UV-A and UV-B shielding properties of the 2 % CSL were 130 % and 78 % higher than those of the pure CS film, respectively. Therefore, ATL designed with lignin-derived multifunctional properties has potential applications as an antioxidant and UV-shielding bio-additive and shows significant prospects in food packaging and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Heo
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiansong Chen
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhili Zhang
- Changgang Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseob Jeong
- Forest Industrial Materials Division, Forest Products and Industry Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Shabani Samghabadi M, Karkhaneh A, Katbab AA. Synthesis and characterization of biphasic layered structure composite with simultaneous electroconductive and piezoelectric behavior as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shabani Samghabadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Katbab
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
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13
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Komisarz K, Majka TM, Pielichowski K. Chemical and Physical Modification of Lignin for Green Polymeric Composite Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:16. [PMID: 36614353 PMCID: PMC9821536 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a valuable polymer of natural origin, displays numerous desired intrinsic properties; however, modification processes leading to the value-added products suitable for composite materials' applications are in demand. Chemical modification routes involve mostly reactions with hydroxyl groups present in the structure of lignin, but other paths, such as copolymerization or grafting, are also utilized. On the other hand, physical techniques, such as irradiation, freeze-drying, and sorption, to enhance the surface properties of lignin and the resulting composite materials, are developed. Various kinds of chemically or physically modified lignin are discussed in this review and their effects on the properties of polymeric (bio)materials are presented. Lignin-induced enhancements in green polymer composites, such as better dimensional stability, improved hydrophobicity, and improved mechanical properties, along with biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity, have been presented. This review addresses the challenges connected with the efficient modification of lignin, which depends on polymer origin and the modification conditions. Finally, future outlooks on modified lignins as useful materials on their own and as prospective biofillers for environmentally friendly polymeric materials are presented.
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14
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Emerging challenges on viability and commercialization of lignin in biobased polymers for food packaging: A review. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Fabrication of high-performance lignin/PHBH biocomposites with excellent thermal, barrier and UV-shielding properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Rizal S, Alfatah T, Abdul Khalil HPS, Yahya EB, Abdullah CK, Mistar EM, Ikramullah I, Kurniawan R, Bairwan RD. Enhanced Functional Properties of Bioplastic Films Using Lignin Nanoparticles from Oil Palm-Processing Residue. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:5126. [PMID: 36501521 PMCID: PMC9740209 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of bioplastic materials that are biobased and/or degradable is commonly presented as an alleviating alternative, offering sustainable and eco-friendly properties over conventional petroleum-derived plastics. However, the hydrophobicity, water barrier, and antimicrobial properties of bioplastics have hindered their utilization in packaging applications. In this study, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) with a purification process were used in different loadings as enhancements in a Kappaphycus alvarezii matrix to reduce the hydrophilic nature and improve antibacterial properties of the matrix and compared with unpurified LNPs. The influence of the incorporation of LNPs on functional properties of bioplastic films, such as morphology, surface roughness, structure, hydrophobicity, water barrier, antimicrobial, and biodegradability, was studied and found to be remarkably enhanced. Bioplastic film containing 5% purified LNPs showed the optimum enhancement in almost all of the ultimate performances. The enhancement is related to strong interfacial interaction between the LNPs and matrix, resulting in high compatibility of films. Bioplastic films could have additional advantages and provide breakthroughs in packaging materials for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samsul Rizal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Tata Alfatah
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - H. P. S. Abdul Khalil
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - C. K. Abdullah
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Eka Marya Mistar
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Ikramullah Ikramullah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rudi Kurniawan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - R. D. Bairwan
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
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17
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Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(lactic acid) Composites with Organosolv Lignin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238143. [PMID: 36500235 PMCID: PMC9740318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lignin, being one of the main structural components of lignocellulosic biomass, is considered the most abundant natural source of phenolics and aromatics. Efforts for its valorisation were recently explored as it is mostly treated as waste from heat/energy production via combustion. Among them, polymer-based lignin composites are a promising approach to both valorise lignin and to fine tune the properties of polymers. In this work, organosolv lignin, from beech wood, was used as fillers in a poly (lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. The PLA/lignin composites were prepared using melt mixing of masterbatches with neat PLA in three different lignin contents: 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 wt%. Lignin was used as-isolated, via the organosolv biomass pretreatment/fractionation process and after 8 h of ball milling. The composites were characterised with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, their antioxidant activity was assessed with the 2,2-Diphenyil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, the colour was measured with a colorimeter and the mechanical properties were evaluated with tensile testing. Ball milling, at least under the conditions applied in this study, did not induce a further substantial decrease in the already relatively small organosolv lignin primary particles of ~1 μm. All the produced PLA/lignin composites had a uniform dispersion of lignin. Compression-moulded films were successfully prepared, and they were coloured brown, with ball-milled lignin, giving a slightly lighter colour in comparison with the as-received lignin. Hydrogen bonding was detected between the components of the composites, and crystallization of the PLA was suppressed by both lignin, with the suppression being less pronounced by the ball-milled lignin. All composites showed a significantly improved antioxidant activity, and their mechanical properties were maintained for filler content 1 wt%.
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18
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Barros JJP, Soares CP, de Moura EAB, Wellen RMR. Enhanced miscibility of PBAT/PLA/lignin upon
γ
‐irradiation and effects on the non‐isothermal crystallization. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janetty Jany Pereira Barros
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos Pereira Soares
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Renate Maria Ramos Wellen
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil
- Materials Engineering Department Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
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19
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High-heat and UV-barrier poly(lactic acid) by microwave-assisted functionalization of waste natural fibers. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:827-836. [PMID: 35998855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) in the packaging area is frequently dwarfed by the inadequate gas/water barrier properties, low heat resistance and high UV transmittance. Herein, an environmentally friendly and high-efficiency microwave-assisted functionalization (MAF) approach was proposed to aqueous grafting waste bamboo fibers with the bridging agent. It permitted significant promotion of interfacial interactions between the MAF bamboo fibers (MAFBs) and neighboring PLA chains, contributing to uniform dispersion and intimate interphase. Featuring the morphological features, the MAFB-reinforced (5, 10 and 20 wt%) PLA biocomposites achieved an unexpected combination of high mechanical properties, exceptional resistance to heat deflection and UV irradiation, and excellent water barrier performance. Upon addition of only 5 wt% MAFBs, the tensile strength and toughness of PLA composite films were increased to 46.5 MPa and 0.6 MJ/m3, increasing over 52 % and nearly 107 % compared to those of the counterpart loaded pristine bamboo fibers (PBFs), respectively. This was favorably accompanied by the remarkably reduced water vapor permeability, falling down to the lowest value of 3.5 × 10-11 g∙m/Pa∙s∙m2 for PLA/MAFB (80/20) with a decrease of nearly 79 % compared to the counterpart. It is of interest to note the MAFB-enabled nearly 100 % UV-blocking ratio for PLA loaded 10 and 20 wt% fibers, as well as excellent resistance to heat deflection even at high temperatures like 120 °C. This effort paves the way to multifunctional natural fibers with high affinity to PLA for elegant implementation of high-heat and UV-resistant packaging materials in an ecofriendly manner.
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20
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Liang R, Yang X, Yew PYM, Sugiarto S, Zhu Q, Zhao J, Loh XJ, Zheng L, Kai D. PLA-lignin nanofibers as antioxidant biomaterials for cartilage regeneration and osteoarthritis treatment. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:327. [PMID: 35842720 PMCID: PMC9287996 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is common musculoskeletal disorders associated with overgeneration of free radicals, and it causes joint pain, inflammation, and cartilage degradation. Lignin as a natural antioxidant biopolymer has shown its great potential for biomedical applications. In this work, we developed a series of lignin-based nanofibers as antioxidative scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Results The nanofibers were engineered by grafting poly(lactic acid) (PLA) into lignin via ring-opening polymerization and followed by electrospinning. Varying the lignin content in the system was able to adjust the physiochemical properties of the resulting nanofibers, including fiber diameters, mechanical and viscoelastic properties, and antioxidant activity. In vitro study demonstrated that the PLA-lignin nanofibers could protect bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) from oxidative stress and promote the chondrogenic differentiation. Moreover, the animal study showed that the lignin nanofibers could promote cartilage regeneration and repair cartilage defects within 6 weeks of implantation. Conclusion Our study indicated that lignin-based nanofibers could serve as an antioxidant tissue engineering scaffold and facilitate the cartilage regrowth for OA treatment. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01534-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Liang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application , Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xingchen Yang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application , Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Pek Yin Michelle Yew
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Sigit Sugiarto
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application , Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application , Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China. .,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Dan Kai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore. .,Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore.
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21
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Boarino A, Schreier A, Leterrier Y, Klok HA. Uniformly Dispersed Poly(lactic acid)-Grafted Lignin Nanoparticles Enhance Antioxidant Activity and UV-Barrier Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Packaging Films. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:4808-4817. [PMID: 35846781 PMCID: PMC9274615 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) represents one of the most widely used biodegradable polymers for food packaging applications. While this material provides many advantages, it is characterized by limited antioxidant and UV-barrier properties. Blending PLA with lignin is an attractive strategy to address these limitations. Lignin possesses antioxidant properties and absorbs UV-light and is a widely available low value byproduct of the paper and pulp industry. This study has explored the use of lignin nanoparticles to augment the properties of PLA-based films. A central challenge in the preparation of PLA-lignin nanoparticle blend films is to avoid nanoparticle aggregation, which could compromise optical properties as well as antioxidant activity, among others. To avoid nanoparticle aggregation in the PLA matrix, PLA-grafted lignin nanoparticles were prepared via organocatalyzed lactide ring-opening polymerization. In contrast to lignin and unmodified lignin nanoparticles, these PLA-grafted lignin nanoparticles could be uniformly dispersed in PLA for lignin contents up to 10 wt %. The addition of as little as the equivalent of 1 wt % of lignin of these nanoparticles effectively blocked transmission of 280 nm UV-light. At the same time, these blend films retained reasonable visible light transmittance. The optical properties of the PLA lignin blend films also benefited from the well-dispersed nature of the PLA-grafted nanoparticles, as evidenced by significantly higher visible light transmittance of blends of PLA and PLA-grafted nanoparticles, as compared to blends prepared from PLA with lignin or unmodified lignin nanoparticles. Finally, blending PLA with PLA-grafted lignin nanoparticles greatly augments the antioxidant activity of these films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Boarino
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aigoul Schreier
- Institut
des Matériaux, Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Station
12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Leterrier
- Institut
des Matériaux, Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Station
12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- . Phone: + 41 21 693 4866
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22
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Compatibility and interphase properties of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA)/Kraft lignin films assessed by nanomechanical analyses. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Effect of hybrid cross‐linked polyphosphazene microspheres on ablative and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding polylactide composites containing hierarchical structured POSS functionalized lignin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:323-332. [PMID: 34375661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The demand for biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding materials is ever increasing due to the rising concern for the environment. In this paper, biobased lignin was functionalized by polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with an epoxy substituent. Then the POSS decorated lignin (lignin-POSS) was mixed with polylactide (PLA) to act as UV-shielding filler by melt compounding. The SEM observation revealed that the presence of POSS contributed to improving the homogeneous dispersion of lignin-POSS in the PLA matrix with good compatibility when the content of lignin-POSS was lower than 5 wt%. The synergistic effects of lignin and POSS endowed PLA composite films with a good balance of UV-shielding ability and transparency in the visible light region. With the addition of 5 wt% lignin-POSS, the PLA composite film absorbed almost all UV irradiation across the entire UV spectrum. In addition, the presence of lignin-POSS could serve as a nucleating agent to increase the degree of crystallinity of PLA. The dynamical rheological tests revealed that the lignin-POSSS reduced the complex viscosity and storage modulus of PLA composites, improving the flowability of PLA composites. This work presents a viable pathway to prepare biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding materials for potential packaging applications.
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25
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A Review: Research Progress in Modification of Poly (Lactic Acid) by Lignin and Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050776. [PMID: 33802505 PMCID: PMC7959458 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the depletion of petroleum energy, the possibility of prices of petroleum-based materials increasing, and increased environmental awareness, biodegradable materials as a kind of green alternative have attracted more and more research attention. In this context, poly (lactic acid) has shown a unique combination of properties such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and good workability. However, examples of its known drawbacks include poor tensile strength, low elongation at break, poor thermal properties, and low crystallization rate. Lignocellulosic materials such as lignin and cellulose have excellent biodegradability and mechanical properties. Compounding such biomass components with poly (lactic acid) is expected to prepare green composite materials with improved properties of poly (lactic acid). This paper is aimed at summarizing the research progress of modification of poly (lactic acid) with lignin and cellulose made in in recent years, with emphasis on effects of lignin and cellulose on mechanical properties, thermal stability and crystallinity on poly (lactic acid) composite materials. Development of poly (lactic acid) composite materials in this respect is forecasted.
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26
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Thermal stability, hydrophobicity and antioxidant potential of ultrafine poly (lactic acid)/rice husk lignin fibers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-020-00083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Liao JJ, Latif NHA, Trache D, Brosse N, Hussin MH. Current advancement on the isolation, characterization and application of lignin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:985-1024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Shu Y, Luo Q, Wang M, Ouyang Y, Lin H, Sheng L, Su S. Preparation and properties of poly(lactic acid)/lignin‐modified polyvinyl acetate composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- You Shu
- Key Lab for Fine Processing of Resources and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Material Huaihua University Huaihua Hunan China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro‐chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Qionglin Luo
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Material Huaihua University Huaihua Hunan China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Key Lab for Fine Processing of Resources and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yuejun Ouyang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Material Huaihua University Huaihua Hunan China
| | - Hongwei Lin
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Material Huaihua University Huaihua Hunan China
| | - Liping Sheng
- Key Lab for Fine Processing of Resources and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Shengpei Su
- Key Lab for Fine Processing of Resources and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro‐chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China
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29
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Moradi S, Shayesteh K, Behbudi G. Preparation and characterization of biodegradable lignin-sulfonate nanoparticles using the microemulsion method to enhance the acetylation efficiency of lignin-sulfonate. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:632-641. [PMID: 32446897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel method is presented for producing lignin-sulfonate nanoparticles. Then, the effect of produced nanoparticles is investigated on enhancing the acetylation efficiency. For these purposes, lignin-sulfonate was isolated from black-liquor of pulp-and-paper mill wastewater. Next, lignin-sulfonate nanoparticles were obtained using the oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion, followed by modification of micro/nano-lignin-sulfonate particles. The physical, chemical, and morphological properties of lignin sulfonate micro/nanoparticles and modified forms of both samples were analyzed using FTIR, DLS, FE-SEM, AFM, 1H NMR, and 13CNMR analyses. Surface morphology revealed that the nanoparticles were homogenized and spherical with an average diameter of 25.5 nm. The chemical structure of the nanoparticles was similar to that of the microparticles. On the other hand, the chemical structure of acetylated lignin-sulfonate was slightly different from that of unmodified samples. The results also showed that the production of nano-lignin-sulfonate increased the acetylation efficiency and reduced the time and temperature of acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Moradi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Keivan Shayesteh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Gity Behbudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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