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Türksayar AAD, Petersmann S, Spintzyk S. The effect of thermomechanical aging on the fracture resistance of additive and subtractive manufactured polyetheretherketone abutments. J Dent 2024:105225. [PMID: 38969266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the fracture resistance (FR) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) abutments produced by additive and subtractive methods compared to milled zirconia abutments. METHODS Custom abutments were designed on Ti-base abutments and produced from three different materials, namely additively manufactured PEEK (PEEK-AM), subtractively manufactured PEEK (PEEK-SM), and zirconia (N=60). PEEK-AM abutments were printed using PEEK filaments (VESTAKEEP®i4 3DF-T, Evonik Industries AG) on a M150 Medical 3D Printer (ORION AM) by fused filament fabrication (FFF). All surface treatments were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. All abutments were cemented on Ti-bases with hybrid abutment cement and then restored with milled zirconia crowns. Each subgroup was divided into non-aged and aged subgroups (n=10). The aged groups were subjected to thermomechanical aging (49 N, 5-55°C, 1.2 million cycles). FR tests were performed by using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way and two-way ANOVA and t-test. RESULTS The survival rate of the specimens after aging was determined as 100%. It was found that both the material and aging had a significant effect on the FR (p<.001). There was a statistical difference among the fracture values of the groups (p<0.001). In both the aged and non-aged groups, PEEK-AM showed the statistically lowest FR, while the highest FR was seen in the zirconia group, which was significantly higher than the PEEK-SM (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Hybrid abutments were successfully manufactured, and extrusion-based processed PEEK seems to be a good alternative to subtractive processed PEEK. However, since subtractive manufacturing still appears to be superior, further developments in additive manufacturing are needed to further improve the quality of 3D-printed PEEK parts, especially in terms of accuracy and bonding between adjacent layers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Additively manufactured PEEK abutments have the potential to be an alternative for implant-supported restorations in the posterior region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almira Ada Diken Türksayar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biruni University, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul, Turkey; ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria.
| | - Sandra Petersmann
- ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria
| | - Sebastian Spintzyk
- ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria
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2
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Sun T, Huang H, Zhao Y, Li Z, Wang H, Zhou G. Low-Temperature Deposited Amorphous Poly(aryl ether ketone) Hierarchically Porous Scaffolds with Strontium-Doped Mineralized Coating for Bone Defect Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400927. [PMID: 38717232 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the demand for clinical bone grafting has increased. As a new solution for orthopedic implants, polyether ether ketone (PEEK, crystalline PAEK) has excellent comprehensive performance and is practically applied in the clinic. In this research, a noteworthy elevated scheme to enhance the performance of PEEK scaffolds is presented. The amorphous aggregated poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) resin is prepared as the matrix material, which maintains high mechanical strength and can be processed through the solution. So, the tissue engineering scaffolds with multilevel pores can be printed by low-temperature deposited manufacturing (LDM) to improve biologically inert scaffolds with smooth surfaces. Also, the feature of PAEK's solution processing is profitable to uniformly add the functional components for bone repair. Ultimately, A system of orthopedic implantable PAEK material based on intermolecular interactions, surface topology, and surface modification is established. The specific steps include synthesizing PAEK that contain polar carboxyl structures, preparing bioinks and fabricating scaffolds by LDM, preparation of scaffolds with strontium-doped mineralized coatings, evaluation of their osteogenic properties in vitro and in vivo, and investigation on the effect and mechanism of scaffolds in promoting osteogenic differentiation. This work provides an upgraded system of PAEK implantable materials for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Sun
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Huagui Huang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Yantao Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Honghua Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
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Ahmad F, Nimonkar S, Belkhode V, Nimonkar P. Role of Polyetheretherketone in Prosthodontics: A Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e60552. [PMID: 38887343 PMCID: PMC11181886 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Implant prostheses and other fixed and removable metal prostheses have led to an increase in demand for the development of new and efficient materials such as high-performance polymers polyetheretherketone (PEEK) over titanium and other metals because of their further complications in the human body. PEEK is a polymer that is nontoxic and has a modulus of elasticity that is comparable to that of human bone. PEEK implants provide benefits over metal implants, such as reducing the stress shielding effect, simple processing, and color resemblance to natural teeth. And it is a fantastic alternative to titanium for dental and orthopedic implants. The current review is undertaken to understand the properties of this PEEK material to weigh its benefits and drawbacks for potential use in dental implants and other prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazail Ahmad
- Prosthodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sharayu Nimonkar
- Prosthodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vikram Belkhode
- Prosthodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pranali Nimonkar
- Trauma Care Centre, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, IND
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4
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Aragón-Niño Í, Pardo-de Vera JLDC, Garrido-Martínez P, Losa-Muñoz PM, Moreiras-Sanchez ÁD, Cebrián-Carretero JL. Interdisciplinary innovative approach to an aggressive ossifying fibroma case: Integrating 3D surgery and customized reconstruction in maxillofacial and dental care. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e661-e665. [PMID: 38988745 PMCID: PMC11231892 DOI: 10.4317/jced.61581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggressive ossifying fibroma is a benign fibro-osseous disorder characterized by its aggressive behavior, which complicates its management. In this article, we present a case involving the recurrence of this condition in the maxillary region, with orbital and dental involvement, in a patient who had previously undergone surgery and reconstruction with a microvascularized free fibula flap. A multidisciplinary approach involving maxillofacial surgery and dentistry was employed to deliver a customized and entirely satisfactory solution for the patient. The use of 3D surgery was integral to our approach, encompassing pre-surgical digital planning and the transfer of this planning to the operating room via navigation software. Customized surgical cutting guides facilitated precise resection, while a personalized polyether ether ketone (PEEK) prosthesis was utilized for reconstruction of the malar and infraorbital region. Pre-prosthetic computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) surgery, along with dental rehabilitation using transepithelial abutments and dental prostheses on a titanium framework, were employed for dental restoration. During the postoperative period, mobility in the reconstructed maxilla was observed due to the loss of support from the initial reconstruction plate. This was addressed by replacing the plate with a custom-made titanium plate, designed to accommodate the location of the transepithelial abutments and prevent disruption of the dental rehabilitation. This case demonstrates the potential of new technologies when applied within the collaborative framework of maxillofacial surgeons and dentists, enabling effective and definitive solutions in complex reconstruction cases. Key words:Aggressive ossifying fibroma; 3D surgery; customized reconstruction; complex dental reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íñigo Aragón-Niño
- Medical Resident. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department. La Paz University Hospital. Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Pedro-Manuel Losa-Muñoz
- Physician attending / Faculty. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department. La Paz University Hospital. Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José-Luis Cebrián-Carretero
- Head of the Department. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department. La Paz University Hospital. Madrid, Spain
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5
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Huang HY, Feng SW, Chiang KY, Li YC, Peng TY, Nikawa H. Effects of various functional monomers' reaction on the surface characteristics and bonding performance of polyetheretherketone. J Prosthodont Res 2024; 68:319-325. [PMID: 37574275 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a new polymeric material that has received significant attention in dentistry because of its mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and aesthetics. However, the bonding performance of PEEK to other materials is not preferable. This study aimed to analyze the variations in the surface characteristics of PEEK under the chemical action of primers containing different functional monomers or polymers and to evaluate the bonding performance of PEEK and dental cement. METHODS Disk-shaped PEEK samples were prepared by dental milling, blasting with alumina oxide, and covering with primers containing functional monomers or polymers. The surface characteristics of the samples were analyzed by microscopy and spectroscopy. The shear bond strength (SBS) between PEEK and dental cement, with and without thermocycling, was tested using a universal testing machine. Finally, the data were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS Functional monomers or polymers were successfully bonded to the surface of PEEK. This treatment significantly improved its hydrophilicity and surface free energy (P < 0.05). The primer containing pentaerythritol triacrylate had the highest SBS without thermocycling (13.89 MPa). Meanwhile, the primers containing urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) (abbreviated as the HC group) showed the highest SBS and lowest reduction (25.51%) after thermocycling. Notably, all the testing groups achieved the ISO10477 standard of 5 MPa. After thermocycling, adhesive failure accounted for the largest proportion of failures in all the groups except the HC group. CONCLUSIONS The chemical priming treatment can significantly improve the SBS of PEEK and dental cement. Moreover, a primer containing both UDMA and MMA can provide improved bonding for PEEK materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Yu Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chiang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Li
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hiroki Nikawa
- Department of Oral Biology & Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
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Omatsu K, Yamawaki I, Taguchi Y, Tsumori N, Hashimoto Y, Umeda M. Surface modification affects human gingival epithelial cell behavior on polyetheretherketone surfaces. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:191-199. [PMID: 38246630 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Gingival epithelial attachment to the abutment is important for the prevention of peri-implantitis. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has recently gained attention as an alternative material to titanium; however, it is biologically inert, which is disadvantageous for obtaining soft tissue sealing of the transmucosal part of the implant abutment. Therefore, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, argon plasma irradiation, and buffing were selected as treatments to modify the PEEK surface. None of the treatments had any effect on the material's mechanical strength. The UV and plasma treatments did not significantly affect the surface morphology. Surface elemental analysis showed a decrease in carbon content and an increase in oxygen content and wettability for all treatments. Human gingival epithelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and the expression of adhesion proteins integrin β4 and laminin 332, were increased. Surface modification to PEEK was suggested to enhance cell activity on PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiju Omatsu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Isao Yamawaki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Yoichiro Taguchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Norimasa Tsumori
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Yoshiya Hashimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
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Alqahtani MA. Conditioning of PEEK Implant Abutment Surfaces Using Photodynamic Therapy, Nd:YAG Laser, and Conventional Methods to Evaluate Shear Bond Strength. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:90-95. [PMID: 38112690 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was done to evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) and modes of failures after different surface treatment modalities on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant abutments. Materials and methods: Seventy-five PEEK implant abutment specimens were randomly distributed into five groups based on surface treatment methods: Group I: No treatment, Group II: methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT), Group III: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, Group IV: Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and Group V: Sandblasting (Sb). The measurements for SBS and failure modes for PEEK implant abutment specimens were evaluated via Universal Testing Machine and Stereomicroscope, respectively. Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test (p > 0.05) were used for the statistical analysis. Moreover, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test was also performed for normality. Results: The SBS mean values and standard deviations in megapascals (MPa) for PEEK abutment specimens with different surface pretreatment groups are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1. The control group had the lowest SBS (9.67 ± 2.1 MPa), while the highest SBS was observed in Group II (MB-PDT; 17.21 ± 1.32 MPa). SBS values for Group IV (H2SO4; 15.83 ± 0.63 MPa) and Group III (Nd:YAG laser; 16.91 ± 2.10 MPa) were similar to Group II (MB-PDT; p > 0.05). The SBS values for the sandblasted specimens (13.90 ± 1.87 MPa) were not significantly different from the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The PEEK implant abutment surfaces treated with MB-PDT and Nd:YAG laser expressed significantly improved SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ayedh Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Le Bars P, Kouadio AA, Amouriq Y, Bodic F, Blery P, Bandiaky ON. Different Polymers for the Base of Removable Dentures? Part II: A Narrative Review of the Dynamics of Microbial Plaque Formation on Dentures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:40. [PMID: 38201705 PMCID: PMC10780608 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the current disparities and gaps in research on the characteristics of the oral ecosystem of denture wearers, making a unique contribution to the literature on this topic. We aimed to synthesize the literature on the state of current knowledge concerning the biological behavior of the different polymers used in prosthetics. Whichever polymer is used in the composition of the prosthetic base (poly methyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyamide (PA), or polyether ether ketone (PEEK)), the simple presence of a removable prosthesis in the oral cavity can disturb the balance of the oral microbiota. This phenomenon is aggravated by poor oral hygiene, resulting in an increased microbial load coupled with the reduced salivation that is associated with older patients. In 15-70% of patients, this imbalance leads to the appearance of inflammation under the prosthesis (denture stomatitis, DS). DS is dependent on the equilibrium-as well as on the reciprocal, fragile, and constantly dynamic conditions-between the host and the microbiome in the oral cavity. Several local and general parameters contribute to this balance. Locally, the formation of microbial plaque on dentures (DMP) depends on the phenomena of adhesion, aggregation, and accumulation of microorganisms. To limit DMP, apart from oral and lifestyle hygiene, the prosthesis must be polished and regularly immersed in a disinfectant bath. It can also be covered with an insulating coating. In the long term, relining and maintenance of the prosthesis must also be established to control microbial proliferation. On the other hand, several general conditions specific to the host (aging; heredity; allergies; diseases such as diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular, respiratory, or digestive diseases; and immunodeficiencies) can make the management of DS difficult. Thus, the second part of this review addresses the complexity of the management of DMP depending on the polymer used. The methodology followed in this review comprised the formulation of a search strategy, definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and selection of studies for analysis. The PubMed database was searched independently for pertinent studies. A total of 213 titles were retrieved from the electronic databases, and after applying the exclusion criteria, we selected 84 articles on the possible microbial interactions between the prosthesis and the oral environment, with a particular emphasis on Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Alain Ayepa Kouadio
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU, Abidjan P.O. Box 612, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Yves Amouriq
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - François Bodic
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Pauline Blery
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Octave Nadile Bandiaky
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
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9
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Jeong M, Radomski K, Lopez D, Liu JT, Lee JD, Lee SJ. Materials and Applications of 3D Printing Technology in Dentistry: An Overview. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 12:1. [PMID: 38275676 PMCID: PMC10814684 DOI: 10.3390/dj12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms of 3D printing, the dental materials relevant to each mechanism, and the possible applications of these materials within different areas of dentistry. METHODS Subtopics within 3D printing technology in dentistry were identified and divided among five reviewers. Electronic searches of the Medline (PubMed) database were performed with the following search keywords: 3D printing, digital light processing, stereolithography, digital dentistry, dental materials, and a combination of the keywords. For this review, only studies or review papers investigating 3D printing technology for dental or medical applications were included. Due to the nature of this review, no formal evidence-based quality assessment was performed, and the search was limited to the English language without further restrictions. RESULTS A total of 64 articles were included. The significant applications, applied materials, limitations, and future directions of 3D printing technology were reviewed. Subtopics include the chronological evolution of 3D printing technology, the mechanisms of 3D printing technologies along with different printable materials with unique biomechanical properties, and the wide range of applications for 3D printing in dentistry. CONCLUSIONS This review article gives an overview of the history and evolution of 3D printing technology, as well as its associated advantages and disadvantages. Current 3D printing technologies include stereolithography, digital light processing, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering/melting, photopolymer jetting, powder binder, and 3D laser bioprinting. The main categories of 3D printing materials are polymers, metals, and ceramics. Despite limitations in printing accuracy and quality, 3D printing technology is now able to offer us a wide variety of potential applications in different fields of dentistry, including prosthodontics, implantology, oral and maxillofacial, orthodontics, endodontics, and periodontics. Understanding the existing spectrum of 3D printing applications in dentistry will serve to further expand its use in the dental field. Three-dimensional printing technology has brought about a paradigm shift in the delivery of clinical care in medicine and dentistry. The clinical use of 3D printing has created versatile applications which streamline our digital workflow. Technological advancements have also paved the way for the integration of new dental materials into dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.J.); (K.R.); (D.L.); (J.D.L.)
| | - Kyle Radomski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.J.); (K.R.); (D.L.); (J.D.L.)
| | - Diana Lopez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.J.); (K.R.); (D.L.); (J.D.L.)
| | - Jack T. Liu
- Dexter Southfield, Brookline, MA 02445, USA;
| | - Jason D. Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.J.); (K.R.); (D.L.); (J.D.L.)
| | - Sang J. Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.J.); (K.R.); (D.L.); (J.D.L.)
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10
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Soliman MM, Islam MT, Chowdhury MEH, Alqahtani A, Musharavati F, Alam T, Alshammari AS, Misran N, Soliman MS, Mahmud S, Khandakar A. Advancement in total hip implant: a comprehensive review of mechanics and performance parameters across diverse novelties. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10507-10537. [PMID: 37873807 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01469j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The UK's National Joint Registry (NJR) and the American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) of 2022 revealed that total hip replacement (THR) is the most common orthopaedic joint procedure. The NJR also noted that 10-20% of hip implants require revision within 1 to 10 years. Most of these revisions are a result of aseptic loosening, dislocation, implant wear, implant fracture, and joint incompatibility, which are all caused by implant geometry disparity. The primary purpose of this review article is to analyze and evaluate the mechanics and performance factors of advancement in hip implants with novel geometries. The existing hip implants can be categorized based on two parts: the hip stem and the joint of the implant. Insufficient stress distribution from implants to the femur can cause stress shielding, bone loss, excessive micromotion, and ultimately, implant aseptic loosening due to inflammation. Researchers are designing hip implants with a porous lattice and functionally graded material (FGM) stems, femur resurfacing, short-stem, and collared stems, all aimed at achieving uniform stress distribution and promoting adequate bone remodeling. Designing hip implants with a porous lattice FGM structure requires maintaining stiffness, strength, isotropy, and bone development potential. Mechanical stability is still an issue with hip implants, femur resurfacing, collared stems, and short stems. Hip implants are being developed with a variety of joint geometries to decrease wear, improve an angular range of motion, and strengthen mechanical stability at the joint interface. Dual mobility and reverse femoral head-liner hip implants reduce the hip joint's dislocation limits. In addition, researchers reveal that femoral headliner joints with unidirectional motion have a lower wear rate than traditional ball-and-socket joints. Based on research findings and gaps, a hypothesis is formulated by the authors proposing a hip implant with a collared stem and porous lattice FGM structure to address stress shielding and micromotion issues. A hypothesis is also formulated by the authors suggesting that the utilization of a spiral or gear-shaped thread with a matched contact point at the tapered joint of a hip implant could be a viable option for reducing wear and enhancing stability. The literature analysis underscores substantial research opportunities in developing a hip implant joint that addresses both dislocation and increased wear rates. Finally, this review explores potential solutions to existing obstacles in developing a better hip implant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohiuddin Soliman
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Tariqul Islam
- Centre for Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad E H Chowdhury
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Abdulrahman Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied, Medical Science, Majmaah University, Majmaah City 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Farayi Musharavati
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Touhidul Alam
- Pusat Sains Ankasa (ANGKASA), Institut Perubahan Iklim, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmed S Alshammari
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University Hail, Hail 81481, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Norbahiah Misran
- Centre for Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamed S Soliman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Sakib Mahmud
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Amith Khandakar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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de Araújo Nobre M, Moura Guedes C, Almeida R, Silva A, Sereno N. The All-on-4 Concept Using Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-Acrylic Resin Prostheses: Follow-Up Results of the Development Group at 5 Years and the Routine Group at One Year. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3013. [PMID: 38002014 PMCID: PMC10669282 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is necessary to investigate the application of polymer materials in implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to examine the outcome of full-arch polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-acrylic resin implant-supported prostheses. METHODS Seventy-six patients were rehabilitated consecutively with 100 full-arch implant-supported prostheses of PEEK-acrylic resin (a development group (DG): 37 patients with 5 years of follow-up; a routine group (RG): 39 patients with 1 year of follow-up). The primary outcome measure was prosthetic survival. Secondary outcome measures were implant survival, marginal bone loss, biological complications, prosthetic complications, veneer adhesion, plaque levels, bleeding levels, and a patient subjective evaluation (including the Oral Health Impact Profile for the RG). RESULTS In both groups, prosthetic (DG: 93.6%; RG: 100%) and implant survival (DG: 98.9%; RG: 99.5%) were high, and marginal bone loss was low (DG: 0.54 mm; RG: 0.28 mm). The veneer adhesion rate was 28.6% of prostheses in DG (RG = 0%). Mechanical complications occurred in 49% and 11.8% of prostheses in DG and RG, respectively. Biological complications, plaque, and bleeding levels were low in both groups. The subjective patient evaluation was excellent in both groups (8.6 < DG < 8.8; 9.3 < RG < 9.5; OHIP = 1.38). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, PEEK can be considered a viable prosthetic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel de Araújo Nobre
- Research, Development and Education Department, MALO CLINIC, Avenida dos Combatentes, 43, Level 11, 1600-042 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Moura Guedes
- Research, Prosthodontic Department, MALO CLINIC, Avenida dos Combatentes, 43, Level 10, 1600-042 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.G.); (R.A.)
| | - Ricardo Almeida
- Research, Prosthodontic Department, MALO CLINIC, Avenida dos Combatentes, 43, Level 10, 1600-042 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.G.); (R.A.)
| | - António Silva
- MALO CLINIC Ceramics, Avenida dos Combatentes, 43, Level 11, 1600-042 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Sereno
- Invibio Biomaterial Solutions & JUVORA, Global Technology Center, Hillhouse International, Thornton, Cleveleys FY5 4QD, UK;
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Helmy MA, El-Shaheed NH, El Waseef FA, Ahmed WS, Hegazy SA. Effect of Ridge Splitting of Mandibular Knife Edge Ridges with Two-implant Retained Overdenture with Locator Attachments on Peri-implant Bone Level and Posterior Ridge Resorption: A One-year Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:834-839. [PMID: 38238269 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to evaluate peri-implant bone height changes and posterior ridge resorption by using two-implant retained polyetheretherketone (PEEK) overdentures with locator attachments following expansion of mandibular knife edge ridges by ridge splitting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients were selected for ridge splitting followed by expansion, implant placement, and bone graft application. Six months later, the fabrication of PEEK overdentures retained by locator attachments was accomplished. Friedman test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Spearman correlation were used to evaluate the changes over time. RESULTS Peri-implant bone height loss increased significantly with the advance of time between 6 and 12 months following denture insertion. Posterior area index changes were significant over time when measured at the time of denture insertion and twelve months following denture insertion. CONCLUSION The effect of using PEEK as overdenture base material retained with two locator attachments allowed sharing the load between the peri-implant bone anteriorly and residual ridge posteriorly in cases with ridge splitting technique. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using PEEK as an overdenture base material is a successful means of bone preservation. How to cite this article: Helmy MA, El-Shaheed NH, El Waseef FA, et al. Effect of Ridge Splitting of Mandibular Knife Edge Ridges with Two-implant Retained Overdenture with Locator Attachments on Peri-implant Bone Level and Posterior Ridge Resorption: A One-year Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(11):834-839.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Helmy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt, Phone: +20 1008871218, e-mail:
| | - Noha H El-Shaheed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Fatma A El Waseef
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Wael S Ahmed
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Salah A Hegazy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
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Zheng W, Wu D, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Yang L, Xu X, Luo F. Multifunctional modifications of polyetheretherketone implants for bone repair: A comprehensive review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213607. [PMID: 37651963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has emerged as a highly promising orthopedic implantation material due to its elastic modulus which is comparable to that of natural bone. This polymer exhibits impressive properties for bone implantation such as corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, self-lubrication and chemical stability. Significantly, compared to metal-based implants, PEEK implants have mechanical properties that are closer to natural bone, which can mitigate the "stress shielding" effect in bone implantation. Nevertheless, PEEK is incapable of inducing osteogenesis due to its bio-inert molecular structure, thereby hindering the osseointegration process. To optimize the clinical application of PEEK, researchers have been working on promoting its bioactivity and endowing this polymer with beneficial properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and angiogenesis-promoting capabilities. Considering the significant growth of research on PEEK implants over the past 5 years, this review aims to present a timely update on PEEK's modification methods. By highlighting the latest advancements in PEEK modification, we hope to provide guidance and inspiration for researchers in developing the next generation bone implants and optimizing their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dongxu Wu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yankun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangrui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Nassif M, Haddad C, Habli L, Zoghby A. Materials and manufacturing techniques for occlusal splints: A literature review. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:1348-1354. [PMID: 37392157 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the materials and fabrications methods of occlusal splints with their advantages and shortcomings and to clarify the indications for each. BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) encompass a range of conditions affecting the masticatory system. Occlusal splints are currently recognised as a viable option for the management of TMDs when they are adopted in conjunction with additional approaches varying from conservative procedures (counselling, biofeedback, physical therapy, pharmacotherapy) to irreversible and less conservative ones (occlusal adjustments, orthodontics, arthroscopy and surgery). These splints can vary in design, function and material. The components used to fabricate the splints must withstand occlusal forces, be aesthetically pleasing, comfortable and minimally interfering with function and phonetics. Traditional methods for fabricating splints include sprinkle-on, thermoforming and lost wax techniques. However, with the advancement of CAD/CAM technology, additive (3D printing) and subtractive (milling) manufacturing methods expand the range of possibilities by introducing novel solutions for elaborating splints. METHODS An electronic search was conducted on PubMed using the following keywords: "occlusal splint", "guard and "materials", and "manufacturing." Thirteen in vitro publications were screened and they consisted of four clinical studies, nine reviews (three of them were systematic reviews), and five case reports. CONCLUSION The choice of material is crucial for the success of splint therapy. Factors such as biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, adjustability, cost and patient preference should be considered. Newer materials and techniques are emerging because of advancements in material science and manufacturing techniques. However, it should be noted that most of the evidence is based on in vitro studies with different methodologies, limiting their validity in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryse Nassif
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Camille Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Habli
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amine Zoghby
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Chen M, Ren M, Shi Y, Liu X, Wei H. State-of-the-art polyetheretherketone three-dimensional printing and multifunctional modification for dental implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1271629. [PMID: 37929192 PMCID: PMC10621213 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer with an elastic modulus close to that of the jawbone. PEEK has the potential to become a new dental implant material for special patients due to its radiolucency, chemical stability, color similarity to teeth, and low allergy rate. However, the aromatic main chain and lack of surface charge and chemical functional groups make PEEK hydrophobic and biologically inert, which hinders subsequent protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. This will be detrimental to the deposition and mineralization of apatite on the surface of PEEK and limit its clinical application. Researchers have explored different modification methods to effectively improve the biomechanical, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, antioxidative, osteogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic, and soft tissue adhesion properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress in material property advantages, three-dimensional printing synthesis, and functional modification of PEEK in the fields of implant dentistry and provides solutions for existing difficulties. We confirm the broad prospects of PEEK as a dental implant material to promote the clinical conversion of PEEK-based dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Ren
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingqi Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuyu Liu
- Hospital of Stomatogy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao Wei
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Ornaghi HL, Monticeli FM, Agnol LD. A Review on Polymers for Biomedical Applications on Hard and Soft Tissues and Prosthetic Limbs. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4034. [PMID: 37836083 PMCID: PMC10575019 DOI: 10.3390/polym15194034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, there has been a significant increase in the use of polymers for biomedical applications. The global medical polymer market size was valued at USD 19.92 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.0% from 2023 to 2030 despite some limitations, such as cost (financial limitation), strength compared to metal plates for bone fracture, design optimization and incorporation of reinforcement. Recently, this increase has been more pronounced due to important advances in synthesis and modification techniques for the design of novel biomaterials and their behavior in vitro and in vivo. Also, modern medicine allows the use of less invasive surgeries and faster surgical sutures. Besides their use in the human body, polymer biomedical materials must have desired physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical, and degradation properties. This review summarizes the use of polymers for biomedical applications, mainly focusing on hard and soft tissues, prosthetic limbs, dental applications, and bone fracture repair. The main properties, gaps, and trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor Luiz Ornaghi
- Mantova Indústria de Tubos Plásticos Ltd.a., R. Isidoro Fadanelli, 194-Centenário, Caxias do Sul 95045-137, RS, Brazil
| | - Francisco Maciel Monticeli
- Department of Aerospace Structures and Materials, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands;
| | - Lucas Dall Agnol
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, RS, Brazil;
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Almohareb T, Al Ahdal K, Maawadh AM, Alshamrani AS, El Mourad AM, Al-Bishry FY, Alrahlah A. Poly-Ether Ether-Ketone Post Conditioned with Sulfuric Acid, Rose Bengal Activated by Photodynamic Therapy and Sandblasting on Pushout Bond Strength to Radicular Dentin Luted with Methyl Methacrylate and Composite-Based Cement. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:576-582. [PMID: 37870415 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Assessment of post surface conditioners [sulfuric acid (SA), Rose Bengal (RB), and sandblasting (SB)] and different luting cements [methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based cement and composite-based cement] on pushout bond strength (PBS) of poly-ether ether-ketone (PEEK) post bonded to canal dentin. Materials and methods: Endodontic treatment was performed on 120 single-rooted human premolar teeth. The preparation of the post space was performed and 4 mm of gutta-percha was retained in the apical region of the root. One hundred and twenty PEEK posts were fabricated from a PEEK blank utilizing a Computer aided design-Computer aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) system. The PEEK posts were allocated randomly into four groups based on post surface conditioning (n = 30). Group A: SA, Group B: RB, Group C: SB, and Group D: No conditioning (NC). Each group was further divided into two subgroups based on the luting cement used for bonding (n = 15). Group A1, B1, C1, and D1 specimens were cemented using composite-based resin cement. However, Group A2, B2, C2, and D2 posts were luted with MMA-based resin cement. PBS assessment using a universal testing machine was performed. Failure modes were analyzed under a stereomicroscope. The data relating to the effects of surface treatment and luting types of cement were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test (p = 0.05). Results: Coronal section of Group B2: RB+Super-Bond C&B [9.61 ± 0.75 megapascals (MPa)] displayed the highest bond scores of PEEK after root dentin. Whereas it was also discovered that Group D1: NC+Panavia®V5 (2.05 ± 0.72 MPa) presented the lowest PBS scores. Intergroup comparison analysis revealed that Group A2: SA+Super-Bond C&B and Group B2: RB+Super-Bond C&B displayed no significant difference in their bond scores. Conclusions: RB and SA possess the potential to be used as a PEEK post conditioner. MMA-based cement displayed better performance than composite-based cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamer Almohareb
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Khold Al Ahdal
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Maawadh
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Ahoud S Alshamrani
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Aminah M El Mourad
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Fatima Y Al-Bishry
- Consultant-Special Care Clinic, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alrahlah
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
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Hung CCU, Costa RC, Pereira G, Abdo VL, Noronha MDS, Retamal-Valdes B, Bertolini M, Feres M, Shibli JA, Barão VAR, Souza JGS. Oral microbial colonization on titanium and polyetheretherketone dental implant healing abutments: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00538-3. [PMID: 37716897 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant healing abutments have become popular because of their esthetic, mechanical, and chemical properties, studies analyzing oral polymicrobial adhesion to PEEK abutments are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro and in vivo study was to evaluate oral microbial adhesion and colonization on titanium (Ti) and PEEK healing abutments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ti (N=35) and PEEK substrates (N=35) were evaluated in vitro in terms of the initial adhesion (1 hour) or biofilm accumulation (48 hours) of Candida albicans and a polymicrobial inoculum using stimulated human saliva to mimic a diverse oral microbiome. Surface decontamination ability was evaluated after 24 hours of in vitro biofilm formation after exposure to an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser. Conventional and flowable composite resin veneering on PEEK was also tested for microbial adhesion. In addition, an in vivo model with 3 healthy volunteers was conducted by using a palatal appliance containing the tested materials (3 or 4 specimens of each material per appliance) for 2 days to evaluate the effect of substrate on the microbial profile. Biofilms were evaluated by live cell counts and scanning electron microscopy images, and the microbial profile by Checkerboard deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization. The t test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the groups (α=.05). RESULTS PEEK and Ti materials showed similar fungal adhesion (P>.05). Although the PEEK surface limited the initial in vitro polymicrobial adhesion (approximately 2 times less) compared with Ti (P=.040), after 48 hours of biofilm accumulation, the microbial load was statistically similar (P=.209). Er:YAG laser decontamination was more effective on PEEK than on Ti surfaces, reducing approximately 11 times more microbial accumulation (P=.019). Both composite resins tested showed similar microbial adhesion (1 hour). In vivo, the PEEK material showed reduced levels of 6 bacterial species (P<.05), including the putative pathogen Treponema denticola. CONCLUSIONS Although PEEK and Ti had similar bacterial and fungus biofilm attachment and accumulation, PEEK promoted a host-compatible microbial profile with a significantly reduced T. denticola load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Cecilia Urdaniga Hung
- PhD student, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- PhD student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Pereira
- Graduate student, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Lopes Abdo
- PhD student, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara do Santos Noronha
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Professor, Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Magda Feres
- Chair, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel Silva Souza
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil; and Professor, Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil..
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Le Bars P, Bandiaky ON, Le Guéhennec L, Clouet R, Kouadio AA. Different Polymers for the Base of Removable Dentures? Part I: A Narrative Review of Mechanical and Physical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3495. [PMID: 37688123 PMCID: PMC10490543 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Even before considering their introduction into the mouth, the choice of materials for the optimization of the prosthesis depends on specific parameters such as their biocompatibility, solidity, resistance, and longevity. In the first part of this two-part review, we approach the various mechanical characteristics that affect this choice, which are closely related to the manufacturing process. Among the materials currently available, it is mainly polymers that are suitable for this use in this field. Historically, the most widely used polymer has been polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), but more recently, polyamides (nylon) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) have provided interesting advantages. The incorporation of certain molecules into these polymers will lead to modifications aimed at improving the mechanical properties of the prosthetic bases. In the second part of the review, the safety aspects of prostheses in the oral ecosystem (fragility of the undercuts of soft/hard tissues, neutral pH of saliva, and stability of the microbiota) are addressed. The microbial colonization of the prosthesis, in relation to the composition of the material used and its surface conditions (roughness, hydrophilicity), is of primary importance. Whatever the material and manufacturing process chosen, the coating or finishes dependent on the surface condition remain essential (polishing, non-stick coating) for limiting microbial colonization. The objective of this narrative review is to compile an inventory of the mechanical and physical properties as well as the clinical conditions likely to guide the choice between polymers for the base of removable prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Octave Nadile Bandiaky
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Laurent Le Guéhennec
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Roselyne Clouet
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes Université, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Alain Ayepa Kouadio
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; (L.L.G.); (R.C.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hospital Center, Abidjan P.O. Box 612, Côte d’Ivoire
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Su Q, Qiao Y, Xiao Y, Yang S, Wu H, Li J, He X, Hu X, Yang H, Yong X. Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1259696. [PMID: 37662437 PMCID: PMC10469012 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1259696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical challenge of bone defects in the craniomaxillofacial region, which can lead to significant physiological dysfunction and psychological distress, persists due to the complex and unique anatomy of craniomaxillofacial bones. These critical-sized defects require the use of bone grafts or substitutes for effective reconstruction. However, current biomaterials and methods have specific limitations in meeting the clinical demands for structural reinforcement, mechanical support, exceptional biological performance, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction of the facial structure. These drawbacks have led to a growing need for novel materials and technologies. The growing development of 3D printing can offer significant advantages to address these issues, as demonstrated by the fabrication of patient-specific bioactive constructs with controlled structural design for complex bone defects in medical applications using this technology. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), among a number of materials used, is gaining recognition as a feasible substitute for a customized structure that closely resembles natural bone. It has proven to be an excellent, conformable, and 3D-printable material with the potential to replace traditional autografts and titanium implants. However, its biological inertness poses certain limitations. Therefore, this review summarizes the distinctive features of craniomaxillofacial bones and current methods for bone reconstruction, and then focuses on the increasingly applied 3D printed PEEK constructs in this field and an update on the advanced modifications for improved mechanical properties, biological performance, and antibacterial capacity. Exploring the potential of 3D printed PEEK is expected to lead to more cost-effective, biocompatible, and personalized treatment of craniomaxillofacial bone defects in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixin Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yile Xiao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinlong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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21
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Moharil S, Reche A, Durge K. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as a Biomaterial: An Overview. Cureus 2023; 15:e44307. [PMID: 37779776 PMCID: PMC10536400 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a very powerful biomaterial that is increasingly used in dentistry. It has superior properties, which make it desirable in implantology. The applications of PEEK include finger prosthesis, RPD and FPD framework, and dental implants. Changes in the production of polyketone-based materials have been made to ensure consistent production of polymers for medical applications. PEEK is a high-performance semicrystalline material that has physical properties such as high resilience and strength. It is a tooth-colored material, making it desirable for its aesthetic appearance. Traditional manufacturing methods like injection molding, extrusion, and compression molding are used for PEEK. Despite the high price of the polymer, the additional value that PEEK materials bring by offering the possibility of manufacturing parts include lightweight, strength or toughness and able to survive longer in harsh environments. PEEK has trauma or shock cancelling abilities, fracture resisting abilities, stress distributing ability, osseointegrating abilities, With such great qualities PEEK has an increased demand in the market, and this biomaterial never failes to surprise with its amazing success rate. Even in dentistry PEEK has a wide range of applications which includes, as a dental implants biomaterial, prosthetic material, abutment material, post and core material, crowns, removable partial denture framework. With such a huge range of applications PEEK is said to have been providing an all in one package for dentistry. PEEK biomaterial shows great compatibility with bioactive materials which has proven to be of great help to mankind as not only it is involved in life sciences but also in automotives and aerodynamics as well. The main motto of this review is to know the qualities and the properties of PEEK as a capable implant prosthesis for its application focusing on dental implants. This review tells us about the challenges faced when using this material and benefits and advantages of this biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavi Moharil
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amit Reche
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Khushboo Durge
- Periodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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22
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Roato I, Genova T, Duraccio D, Ruffinatti FA, Zanin Venturini D, Di Maro M, Mosca Balma A, Pedraza R, Petrillo S, Chinigò G, Munaron L, Malucelli G, Faga MG, Mussano F. Mechanical and Biological Characterization of PMMA/Al 2O 3 Composites for Dental Implant Abutments. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3186. [PMID: 37571080 PMCID: PMC10421041 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical and biological behaviors of PMMA/Al2O3 composites incorporating 30 wt.%, 40 wt.%, and 50 wt.% of Al2O3 were thoroughly characterized as regards to their possible application in implant-supported prostheses. The Al2O3 particles accounted for an increase in the flexural modulus of PMMA. The highest value was recorded for the composite containing 40 wt.% Al2O3 (4.50 GPa), which was about 18% higher than that of its unfilled counterpart (3.86 GPa). The Al2O3 particles caused a decrease in the flexural strength of the composites, due to the presence of filler aggregates and voids, though it was still satisfactory for the intended application. The roughness (Ra) and water contact angle had the same trend, ranging from 1.94 µm and 77.2° for unfilled PMMA to 2.45 µm and 105.8° for the composite containing the highest alumina loading, respectively, hence influencing both the protein adsorption and cell adhesion. No cytotoxic effects were found, confirming that all the specimens are biocompatible and capable of sustaining cell growth and proliferation, without remarkable differences at 24 and 48 h. Finally, Al2O3 was able to cause strong cell responses (cell orientation), thus guiding the tissue formation in contact with the composite itself and not enhancing its osteoconductive properties, supporting the PMMA composite's usage in the envisaged application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Roato
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (R.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; (T.G.); (F.A.R.); (D.Z.V.); (G.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Donatella Duraccio
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility, National Council of Research, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Federico Alessandro Ruffinatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; (T.G.); (F.A.R.); (D.Z.V.); (G.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Diletta Zanin Venturini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; (T.G.); (F.A.R.); (D.Z.V.); (G.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Mattia Di Maro
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility, National Council of Research, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Alessandro Mosca Balma
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (R.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Pedraza
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (R.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Chinigò
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; (T.G.); (F.A.R.); (D.Z.V.); (G.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; (T.G.); (F.A.R.); (D.Z.V.); (G.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Giulio Malucelli
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Maria Giulia Faga
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility, National Council of Research, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Federico Mussano
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (R.P.); (F.M.)
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23
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Elkhadem AH, Fouad HF. Fabrication of CAD-CAM custom-made bar clip for implant-supported overdentures using an intraoral scanner: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00332-3. [PMID: 37328407 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a digital technique for fabricating individually designed overdenture bar clips. The patient was scanned intraorally using a Medit i700 scanner; the custom clip was designed using the Blender software program and milled from polyoxymethylene blocks. This low-cost technique offers more available options compared with traditional clips, improving the management of retention loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Elkhadem
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huda F Fouad
- Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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24
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Vohra F, Alsaif R, Alsayed H, AlSaeed MM, Mourad AME. Decontamination of lithium disilicate ceramics using various photosensitizers, herbal and chemical disinfectants, and the effect of surface conditioners on bond strength values. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023:103619. [PMID: 37209762 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of disinfectants on lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) used in dental applications and shear bond strength (SBS) of LDC after using different conditioners hydrofluoric acid (HF), self-etching ceramic primers (SECP) and Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd: YVO4). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty LDC discs were fabricated by auto-polymerizing acrylic resin using the lost wax technique. S. aureus, S. mutans, and C. albican were inoculated on thirty discs (n=30 each). Each group was further divided into three subgroups based on different disinfecting agents used (n=30) Group 1: Garlic extract, Group 2: Rose Bengal (RB) activated by PDT, and Group 3: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). An assessment of the survival rate of microorganisms was performed. The remaining thirty samples were surface treated using three different LDC surface conditioners (n=10) Group 1: HF + Silane (S), group 2: SECP, and Group 3: Nd: YVO4 laser+S. SBS and failure mode analysis were performed using a universal testing machine and stereomicroscope at 40x magnification, The statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey test. RESULTS Garlic extract, RB, and 2% NaOCl sample displayed comparable outcomes of antimicrobial potency against C. albicans, S aureus, and S. mutans (p>0.05). Furthermore, SBS analysis showed HF+S, SECP, and Nd: YVO4+S exhibited comparable outcomes of bond strength (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Garlic extract and Rose bengal activated by PDT can be contemplated as alternatives to the chemical agent NaOCl used for LDC disinfection. Similarly, SECP and Nd: YVO4 possess the potential to be used for the surface conditioning of LDC to improve the bond integrity with resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Vohra
- Prosthetic dental sciences, college of dentistry, King Saud university.
| | - Rawan Alsaif
- Prosthetic dental sciences, college of dentistry, King Saud university.
| | - Hussain Alsayed
- Prosthetic dental sciences, college of dentistry, King Saud university.
| | - Mojahid M AlSaeed
- University Dental Hospital King Saud University P.O Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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25
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Bruno L, Canullo L, Mayer Y, Schoenbaum T, Giuzio F, Maletta C. Static and Fatigue Mechanical Performance of Abutments Materials for Dental Restorations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103713. [PMID: 37241340 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The choice of the proper restorative material is essential for the long-term success of implant-supported rehabilitations. This study aimed to analyze and compare the mechanical properties of four different types of commercial abutment materials for implant-supported restorations. These materials included: lithium disilicate (A), translucent zirconia (B), fiber-reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (C), and ceramic-reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK) (D). Tests were carried out under combined bending-compression conditions, which involved applying a compressive force tilted with respect to the abutment axis. Static and fatigue tests were performed on two different geometries for each material, and the results were analyzed according to ISO standard 14801:2016. Monotonic loads were applied to measure static strength, whereas alternating loads with a frequency of 10 Hz and a runout of 5 × 106 cycles were applied for fatigue life estimation, corresponding to five years of clinical service. Fatigue tests were carried out with a load ratio of 0.1 and at least four load levels for each material, and the peak value of the load levels was reduced accordingly in subsequent levels. The results showed that the static and fatigue strengths of Type A and Type B materials were better than those of Type C and Type D. Moreover, the fiber-reinforced polymer material, Type C, showed marked material-geometry coupling. The study revealed that the final properties of the restoration depended on manufacturing techniques and the operator's experience. The findings of this study can be used to inform clinicians' choice of restorative materials for implant-supported rehabilitation, considering factors such as esthetics, mechanical properties, and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Bruno
- Department of Mechanical Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Luigi Canullo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Yaniv Mayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Post Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
| | - Todd Schoenbaum
- School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Carmine Maletta
- Department of Mechanical Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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26
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Lee PC, Peng TY, Ma TL, Chiang KY, Mine Y, Lee IT, Yu CC, Chen SF, Yu JH. Effect of Various Airborne Particle Abrasion Conditions on Bonding between Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Dental Resin Cement. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092114. [PMID: 37177258 PMCID: PMC10181231 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of alumina particle size and jet pressure on the bond strength of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were examined to determine the airborne particle abrasion parameters with minimal effects on PEEK and to achieve optimal bond strength, as a reference for future clinical use. An alumina particle with four particle sizes and three jet pressures was used to air-abrade PEEK. Surface roughness (Ra), morphology, chemical structure, and wettability were analyzed using a stylus profilometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and contact angle analyzer, respectively. The shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK and dental resin cement was analyzed using a universal testing machine (n = 10). The failure modes and debonded fracture surfaces were observed using optical microscopy. Airborne particle abrasion increased the Ra and hydrophobicity of PEEK and deposited alumina residues. The SBS generally decreased after thermal cycling. A large particle size damaged the PEEK surface. The effects of different particle sizes and jet pressures on the SBS were only significant in certain groups. Adhesive failure was the main mode for all groups. Within the limitations of this study, 110 μm grain-sized alumina particles combined with a jet pressure of 2 bar prevented damage to PEEK, providing sufficient SBS and bonding durability between PEEK and dental resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Chieh Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Li Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chiang
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yuichi Mine
- Department of Medical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chiang Yu
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Happy Dental Clinic, Taichung 42950, Taiwan
| | - Su-Feng Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hong Yu
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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27
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Fedotkin AY, Akimchenko IO, Tran TH, Shugurov AR, Shesterikov EV, Kozelskaya AI, Rutkowski S, Tverdokhlebov SI. Improvement of the Surface Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone via Arc Evaporation for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2990. [PMID: 37109826 PMCID: PMC10145034 DOI: 10.3390/ma16082990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyether ether ketone is a bioinert polymer, that is of high interest in research and medicine as an alternative material for the replacement of bone implants made of metal. The biggest deficit of this polymer is its hydrophobic surface, which is rather unfavorable for cell adhesion and thus leads to slow osseointegration. In order to address this drawback, 3D-printed and polymer extruded polyether ether ketone disc samples that were surface-modified with titanium thin films of four different thicknesses via arc evaporation were investigated and compared with non-modified disc samples. Depending on the modification time, the thickness of the coatings ranged from 40 nm to 450 nm. The 3D-printing process does not affect the surface or bulk properties of polyether ether ketone. It turned out that the chemical composition of the coatings obtained did not depend on the type of substrate. Titanium coatings contain titanium oxide and have an amorphous structure. Microdroplets formed on the sample surfaces during treatment with an arc evaporator contain a rutile phase in their composition. Surface modification of the samples via arc evaporation resulted in an increase in the arithmetic mean roughness from 20 nm to 40 nm for the extruded samples and from 40 nm to 100 nm for the 3D-printed samples, with the mean height difference increasing from 100 nm to 250 nm and from 140 nm to 450 nm. Despite the fact that the hardness and reduced elastic modulus of the unmodified 3D-printed samples (0.33 GPa and 5.80 GPa) are higher than those of the unmodified extruded samples (0.22 GPa and 3.40 GPa), the surface properties of the samples after modification are approximately the same. The water contact angles of the polyether ether ketone sample surfaces decrease from 70° to 10° for the extruded samples and from 80° to 6° for the 3D-printed samples as the thickness of the titanium coating increases, making this type of coating promising for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y. Fedotkin
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor O. Akimchenko
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tuan-Hoang Tran
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Artur R. Shugurov
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V. Shesterikov
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 40, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna I. Kozelskaya
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sven Rutkowski
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergei I. Tverdokhlebov
- Weinberg Research Center, School of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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28
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Hata K, Komagata Y, Nagamatsu Y, Masaki C, Hosokawa R, Ikeda H. Bond Strength of Sandblasted PEEK with Dental Methyl Methacrylate-Based Cement or Composite-Based Resin Cement. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081830. [PMID: 37111977 PMCID: PMC10145247 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is commonly employed in dental prostheses owing to its excellent mechanical properties; however, it is limited by its low bond strength with dental resin cement. This study aimed to clarify the type of resin cement most suitable for bonding to PEEK: methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based resin cement or composite-based resin cement. For this purpose, two MMA-based resin cements (Super-Bond EX and MULTIBOND II) and five composite-based resin cements (Block HC Cem, RelyX Universal Resin Cement, G-CEM LinkForce, Panavia V5, and Multilink Automix) were used in combination with appropriate adhesive primers. A PEEK block (SHOFU PEEK) was initially cut, polished, and sandblasted with alumina. The sandblasted PEEK was then bonded to resin cement with adhesive primer according to the manufacturer's instructions. The resulting specimens were immersed in water at 37 °C for 24 h, followed by thermocycling. Subsequently, the tensile bond strengths (TBSs) of the specimens were measured; the TBSs of the composite-based resin cements after thermocycling were found to be zero (G-CEM LinkForce, Panavia V5, and Multilink Automix), 0.03 ± 0.04 (RelyX Universal Resin Cement), or 1.6 ± 2.7 (Block HC Cem), whereas those of Super-Bond and MULTIBOND were 11.9 ± 2.6 and 4.8 ± 2.3 MPa, respectively. The results demonstrated that MMA-based resin cements exhibited stronger bonding to PEEK than composite-based resin cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hata
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuya Komagata
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagamatsu
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Chihiro Masaki
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hosokawa
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
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Hsieh KH, Hsu HC, Wu SC, Shih YC, Yang HW, Ho WF. Effect of Hydrothermal and Vapor Thermal Treatments on Apatite Inductivity of Titanate Nanotubes on Anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo Surface. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1296. [PMID: 37110880 PMCID: PMC10140902 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely employed as biomedical materials, they cannot achieve satisfactory osseointegration when implanted in the human body due to their biologically inert nature. Surface modification can enhance both their bioactivity and corrosion resistance. The present study employed a Ti-5Nb-5Mo alloy with a metastable α″ phase. This alloy may undergo phase changes after conventional high-temperature heat treatment, which can deteriorate its properties. This study heat-treated the anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo alloy by using a low-temperature hydrothermal or vapor thermal method to analyze the effects of heat treatment on its apatite induction. The results revealed that the porous nanotube structure on the surface of the alloy was transformed into anatase nanoparticles after hydrothermal or vapor thermal treatment at 150 °C for 6 h. After immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days, the amount of apatite deposited on the surface of the vapor thermal-treated alloy exceeded that on the hydrothermal-treated alloy. Therefore, post-heat treatment of anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo by using the vapor thermal method can enhance its apatite inductivity without altering its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hsiang Hsieh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Shih-Ching Wu
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Yi-Cheng Shih
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fu Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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