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Branković M, Zivic F, Grujovic N, Stojadinovic I, Milenkovic S, Kotorcevic N. Review of Spider Silk Applications in Biomedical and Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:169. [PMID: 38534854 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review will present the latest research related to the production and application of spider silk and silk-based materials in reconstructive and regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, with a focus on musculoskeletal tissues, and including skin regeneration and tissue repair of bone and cartilage, ligaments, muscle tissue, peripheral nerves, and artificial blood vessels. Natural spider silk synthesis is reviewed, and the further recombinant production of spider silk proteins. Research insights into possible spider silk structures, like fibers (1D), coatings (2D), and 3D constructs, including porous structures, hydrogels, and organ-on-chip designs, have been reviewed considering a design of bioactive materials for smart medical implants and drug delivery systems. Silk is one of the toughest natural materials, with high strain at failure and mechanical strength. Novel biomaterials with silk fibroin can mimic the tissue structure and promote regeneration and new tissue growth. Silk proteins are important in designing tissue-on-chip or organ-on-chip technologies and micro devices for the precise engineering of artificial tissues and organs, disease modeling, and the further selection of adequate medical treatments. Recent research indicates that silk (films, hydrogels, capsules, or liposomes coated with silk proteins) has the potential to provide controlled drug release at the target destination. However, even with clear advantages, there are still challenges that need further research, including clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Branković
- Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Knezevine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Fatima Zivic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Knezevine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nenad Grujovic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Knezevine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Stojadinovic
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Clinical Center, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Strahinja Milenkovic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Knezevine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nikola Kotorcevic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Knezevine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Hovanová V, Hovan A, Humenik M, Sedlák E. Only kosmotrope anions trigger fibrillization of the recombinant core spidroin eADF4(C16) from Araneus diadematus. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4832. [PMID: 37937854 PMCID: PMC10661072 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant core spidroin eADF4(C16) has received increasing attention due to its ability to form micro- and nano-structured scaffolds, which are based on nanofibrils with great potential for biomedical and biotechnological applications. Phosphate anions have been demonstrated to trigger the eADF4(C16) self-assembly into cross-beta fibrils. In the present work, we systematically addressed the effect of nine sodium anions, namely SO4 2- , HPO4 2- (Pi), F- , Cl- , Br- , NO3 - , I- , SCN- , and ClO4 - from the Hofmeister series on the in vitro self-assembly kinetics of eADF4(C16). We show that besides the phosphate anions, only kosmotropic anions such as sulfate and fluoride can initiate the eADF4(C16) fibril formation. Global analysis of the self-assembly kinetics, utilizing the platform AmyloFit, showed the nucleation-based mechanism with a major role of secondary nucleation, surprisingly independent of the type of the kosmotropic anion. The rate constant of the fibril elongation in mixtures of phosphate anions with other studied anions correlated with their kosmotropic or chaotropic position in the Hofmeister series. Our findings suggest an important role of anion hydration in the eADF4(C16) fibrillization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hovanová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation ParkP.J. Šafárik UniversityKošiceSlovakia
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik UniversityKošiceSlovakia
| | - Andrej Hovan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik UniversityKošiceSlovakia
| | - Martin Humenik
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering ScienceUniversity BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Erik Sedlák
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation ParkP.J. Šafárik UniversityKošiceSlovakia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik UniversityKošiceSlovakia
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Wu SD, Chuang WT, Ho JC, Wu HC, Hsu SH. Self-Healing of Recombinant Spider Silk Gel and Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081855. [PMID: 37112001 PMCID: PMC10141599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-healing properties, originating from the natural healing process, are highly desirable for the fitness-enhancing functionality of biomimetic materials. Herein, we fabricated the biomimetic recombinant spider silk by genetic engineering, in which Escherichia coli (E. coli) was employed as a heterologous expression host. The self-assembled recombinant spider silk hydrogel was obtained through the dialysis process (purity > 85%). The recombinant spider silk hydrogel with a storage modulus of ~250 Pa demonstrated autonomous self-healing and high strain-sensitive properties (critical strain ~50%) at 25 °C. The in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (in situ SAXS) analyses revealed that the self-healing mechanism was associated with the stick-slip behavior of the β-sheet nanocrystals (each of ~2-4 nm) based on the slope variation (i.e., ~-0.4 at 100%/200% strains, and ~-0.9 at 1% strain) of SAXS curves in the high q-range. The self-healing phenomenon may occur through the rupture and reformation of the reversible hydrogen bonding within the β-sheet nanocrystals. Furthermore, the recombinant spider silk as a dry coating material demonstrated self-healing under humidity as well as cell affinity. The electrical conductivity of the dry silk coating was ~0.4 mS/m. Neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferated on the coated surface and showed a 2.3-fold number expansion after 3 days of culture. The biomimetic self-healing recombinant spider silk gel and thinly coated surface may have good potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Da Wu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Chen Ho
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Chen Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
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Lin B, Yuan L, Gao B, He B. Patterned Duplex Fabric Based on Genetically Modified Spidroin for Smart Wound Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202213. [PMID: 36349744 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of diabetic wounds remains a great challenge for the medical community. Here, a smart patterned DNA double helix (duplex)-like fabric based on genetically modified spider silk protein (PDF-S) which is inspired by soft plant tendrils, is proposed for diabetic wound treatment. Benefiting from spider silk protein (spidroin); PDF-S is equipped with high strength; high toughness, and excellent biocompatibility. Notably, the fabric crimped through the biomimetic DNA double-helix-like structure can effectively adapt to tensile impact and the maximum stretch rate reaches 1500%. A pattern-based microfluidic channel of PDF-S allowed wound secretion to flow spontaneously through the channel. Meanwhile; due to the optical properties of the introduced photonic crystal structure; PDF-S is equipped with fluorescence enhancement properties; enabling PDF-S to display color-sensitive behavior suitable for wound monitoring and guiding clinical treatment. In addition, to enable sensitive motion monitoring, microelectronic circuits are integrated on the surface of the PDF-S. These unique material features suggest that this study will lead to a new generation of biomimetic artificial spider silk materials for design and application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyang Lin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Liquan Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Gao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bingfang He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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Recombinant Spider Silk Fiber with High Dimensional Stability in Water and Its NMR Characterization. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238479. [PMID: 36500566 PMCID: PMC9739919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spider dragline silk has unique characteristics of strength and extensibility, including supercontraction. When we use it as a biomaterial or material for textiles, it is important to suppress the effect of water on the fiber by as much as possible in order to maintain dimensional stability. In order to produce spider silk with a highly hydrophobic character, based on the sequence of ADF-3 silk, we produced recombinant silk (RSSP(VLI)) where all QQ sequences were replaced by VL, while single Q was replaced by I. The artificial RSSP(VLI) fiber was prepared using formic acid as the spinning solvent and methanol as the coagulant solvent. The dimensional stability and water absorption experiments of the fiber were performed for eight kinds of silk fiber. RSSP(VLI) fiber showed high dimensional stability, which is suitable for textiles. A remarkable decrease in the motion of the fiber in water was made evident by 13C solid-state NMR. This study using 13C solid-state NMR is the first trial to put spider silk to practical use and provide information regarding the molecular design of new recombinant spider silk materials with high dimensional stability in water, allowing recombinant spider silk proteins to be used in next-generation biomaterials and materials for textiles.
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Croft AS, Spessot E, Bhattacharjee P, Yang Y, Motta A, Wöltje M, Gantenbein B. Biomedical applications of silk and its role for intervertebral disc repair. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1225. [PMID: 36601376 PMCID: PMC9799090 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is the main contributor to chronic low back pain. To date, the present therapies mainly focus on treating the symptoms caused by IDD rather than addressing the problem itself. For this reason, researchers have searched for a suitable biomaterial to repair and/or regenerate the IVD. A promising candidate to fill this gap is silk, which has already been used as a biomaterial for many years. Therefore, this review aims first to elaborate on the different origins from which silk is harvested, the individual composition, and the characteristics of each silk type. Another goal is to enlighten why silk is so suitable as a biomaterial, discuss its functionalization, and how it could be used for tissue engineering purposes. The second part of this review aims to provide an overview of preclinical studies using silk-based biomaterials to repair the inner region of the IVD, the nucleus pulposus (NP), and the IVD's outer area, the annulus fibrosus (AF). Since the NP and the AF differ fundamentally in their structure, different therapeutic approaches are required. Consequently, silk-containing hydrogels have been used mainly to repair the NP, and silk-based scaffolds have been used for the AF. Although most preclinical studies have shown promising results in IVD-related repair and regeneration, their clinical transition is yet to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas S. Croft
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedic & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Eugenia Spessot
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly
| | - Promita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemical SciencesSSPC the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Yuejiao Yang
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly,INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of MaterialsTrentoItaly
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly,INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of MaterialsTrentoItaly
| | - Michael Wöltje
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material TechnologyDresdenGermany
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedic & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, InselspitalBern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of BernBernSwitzerland
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Asakura T, Matsuda H, Naito A, Abe Y. Formylation of Recombinant Spider Silk in Formic Acid and Wet Spinning Studied Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Infrared Spectroscopies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2390-2402. [PMID: 35532754 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We reported wet spinning of recombinant spider silk protein (RSSP) and formylation of RSSP in formic acid (FA). First, FA was selected as the spinning solvent and the detailed spinning condition was determined. Next, the mechanical property was compared between the RSSP fiber spun after allowing the spinning solution dissolved in FA to stand for 2 days and the fiber spun immediately after being dissolved in FA for 4 h. The tensile strength of the former fiber was lower than the strength of the latter fiber. This difference can be explained by the difference in the degree of formylation as follows. FA is a known formylating agent, although most researchers who prepared silk fiber by wet spinning with FA have not pointed out about formylation. The formylation of the Ser OH group was confirmed by 13C solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the time course of formylation of the RSSP film prepared from the FA solution was tracked by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The 13C solid-state NMR spectra were also compared between two kinds of the formylated RSSP fibers and indicated that the packing state was tighter for the latter fiber than the former one, which could explain higher tensile strength of the latter fiber in the dry state. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that the RSSP sample decomposed gradually with storage time in FA and the decomposition has begun partly even at 2 h after dissolution in FA. The decomposition by formylation seems to have no significant effect on the backbone structure of the RSSP fiber, although the packing of the fiber becomes loose as a whole. Finally, preliminary trial of deformylation of the formylated RSSP fiber was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hironori Matsuda
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yunoske Abe
- Spiber Inc., 234-1 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
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El-Aziz FEZAA, Ismail MS, Askary AE, El-Kott AF, Tantawy AA. The assessment of the protective impact of spidroin extract against UV-A radiation damage by using earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) as a robust human skin model via macroscopic and histological observations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:44906-44916. [PMID: 35141825 PMCID: PMC9200702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed the damage caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet-A rays. Malignant melanoma and skin cancer are two of the most serious health consequences. Thus, the UV-A protectant is intended to protect the skin, especially the two primary layers of skin (epidermis that represents the interface between the body and its surroundings and dermis). Spider silk is the most powerful natural fibre due to its regeneration, biocompatibility, antimicrobial, wound healing, antiseptic, and blood clotting properties. This work targeted to determine the protective effect of spidroin extract against UV-A radiation damage. Earthworms Aporrectodea caliginosa were collected from Assiut University's farm. Each set of ten earthworms was separated into six groups and placed in a plastic container. Webs of spiders collected from trees and old houses. Spidroin was extracted and utilised in this work to determine the potential effects of topical application on UV-A protection. The experiment is divided into two sections: (1) UV-A exposure and (2) the use of spidroin extract to protect the earthworms from ultraviolet radiation. Two control groups (1،2) of worms were not received UV-A exposure, and four groups (3,4,5,6) were exposed to UVR-A. In contrast, groups (5,6) were received spidroin extract before exposure to UV-A. Each group from the groups (3,4,5,6) was exposed for three consecutive days (¼ hour/day, ½ hour/day, and 1 h/day), using a UV-Lamp with a wavelength of 366 nm. The histopathological changes revealed that after 1⁄4 h of UV exposure, the cuticle was swollen with a slightly detached epithelium. The cuticle was down after 1⁄2 h of exposure, and the epidermis was totally damaged and necrosed. After 1 h, the exposure showed destruction of the epidermis in the circular muscle with a loss of muscle filament integrity, varying size, and altered nucleus form, along with mild disintegration of longitudinal muscle. Spidroin extract is critical for earthworm protection against UV-A radiation damage and able to regeneration. For the first time, morphological and histological analysis was established to detect the Spidroin extract evaluated for topical application on earthworms. Earthworms can be considered as a robust human skin model prior to UV-A exposure. It induces a complete protective effect against UV-A radiation damage in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - May S Ismail
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Tantawy
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Chan NJ, Lentz S, Gurr PA, Scheibel T, Qiao GG. Mimicry of silk utilizing synthetic polypeptides. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Asakura T, Matsuda H, Aoki A, Naito A. Acetylation and hydration treatment of recombinant spider silk fiber, and their characterization using 13C NMR spectroscopy. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bakhshandeh B, Nateghi SS, Gazani MM, Dehghani Z, Mohammadzadeh F. A review on advances in the applications of spider silk in biomedical issues. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:258-271. [PMID: 34627845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Spider silk, as one of the hardest natural and biocompatible substances with extraordinary strength and flexibility, have become an ideal option in various areas of science and have made their path onto the biomedical industry. Despite its growing popularity, the difficulties in the extraction of silks from spiders and farming them have made it unaffordable and almost impossible for industrial scale. Biotechnology helped production of spider silks recombinantly in different hosts and obtaining diverse morphologies out of them based on different processing and assembly procedures. Herein, the characteristics of these morphologies and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. A detailed view about applications of recombinant silks in skin regeneration and cartilage, tendon, bone, teeth, cardiovascular, and neural tissues engineering are brought out, where there is a need for strong scaffolds to support cell growth. Likewise, spider silk proteins have applications as conduit constructs, medical sutures, and 3D printer bioinks. Other characteristics of spider silks, such as low immunogenicity, hydrophobicity, homogeneity, and adjustability, have attracted much attention in drug and gene delivery. Finally, the challenges and obstacles ahead for industrializing the production of spider silk proteins in sufficient quantities in biomedicine, along with solutions to overcome these barriers, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Saba Nateghi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Maddah Gazani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Dehghani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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Grabska-Zielińska S, Sionkowska A. How to Improve Physico-Chemical Properties of Silk Fibroin Materials for Biomedical Applications?-Blending and Cross-Linking of Silk Fibroin-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1510. [PMID: 33808809 PMCID: PMC8003607 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review supplies a report on fresh advances in the field of silk fibroin (SF) biopolymer and its blends with biopolymers as new biomaterials. The review also includes a subsection about silk fibroin mixtures with synthetic polymers. Silk fibroin is commonly used to receive biomaterials. However, the materials based on pure polymer present low mechanical parameters, and high enzymatic degradation rate. These properties can be problematic for tissue engineering applications. An increased interest in two- and three-component mixtures and chemically cross-linked materials has been observed due to their improved physico-chemical properties. These materials can be attractive and desirable for both academic, and, industrial attention because they expose improvements in properties required in the biomedical field. The structure, forms, methods of preparation, and some physico-chemical properties of silk fibroin are discussed in this review. Detailed examples are also given from scientific reports and practical experiments. The most common biopolymers: collagen (Coll), chitosan (CTS), alginate (AL), and hyaluronic acid (HA) are discussed as components of silk fibroin-based mixtures. Examples of binary and ternary mixtures, composites with the addition of magnetic particles, hydroxyapatite or titanium dioxide are also included and given. Additionally, the advantages and disadvantages of chemical, physical, and enzymatic cross-linking were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Alina Sionkowska
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
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Xia Y, Xin X, Pan Y, Zhang P, Liu F, Li X. Guiding uniform Zn deposition by cocoons for long-life Zn metal batteries. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01147b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interlaced carbon membranes are prepared using silk cocoons via high-temperature sintering processes and has been assembled in symmetric zinc batteries to successfully inhibit the dendrite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Xing Xin
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Yu Pan
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Xuyi County Attapulgite Application Technology R&D and Achievement Transformation Center
- Xuyi
- P. R. China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo
- P. R. China
- Xuyi County Attapulgite Application Technology R&D and Achievement Transformation Center
| | - Xing Li
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
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Huang T, Kumari S, Herold H, Bargel H, Aigner TB, Heath DE, O’Brien-Simpson NM, O’Connor AJ, Scheibel T. Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Se Nanoparticles Upon Coating with Recombinant Spider Silk Protein eADF4(κ16). Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4275-4288. [PMID: 32606677 PMCID: PMC7306472 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s255833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) are promising antibacterial agents to tackle the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to fabricate Se NPs with a net positive charge to enhance their antibacterial efficacy. METHODS Se NPs were coated with a positively charged protein - recombinant spider silk protein eADF4(κ16) - to give them a net positive surface charge. Their cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity were investigated, with negatively charged polyvinyl alcohol coated Se NPs as a control. Besides, these eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs were immobilized on the spider silk films, and the antibacterial activity of these films was investigated. RESULTS Compared to the negatively charged polyvinyl alcohol coated Se NPs, the positively charged eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs demonstrated a much higher bactericidal efficacy against the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli, with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) approximately 50 times lower than that of negatively charged Se NPs. Cytotoxicity testing showed that the eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs are safe to both Balb/3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts and HaCaT human skin keratinocytes up to 31 µg/mL, which is much higher than the MBC of these particles against E. coli (8 ± 1 µg/mL). In addition, antibacterial coatings were created by immobilising the eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs on positively charged spider silk films and these were shown to retain good bactericidal efficacy and overcome the issue of low particle stability in culture broth. It was found that these Se NPs needed to be released from the film surface in order to exert their antibacterial effects and this release can be regulated by the surface charge of the film, such as the change of the spider silk protein used. CONCLUSION Overall, eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs are promising new antibacterial agents against life-threatening bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
| | - Sushma Kumari
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
| | - Heike Herold
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bargel
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
| | - Tamara B Aigner
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
| | - Daniel E Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Neil M O’Brien-Simpson
- Melbourne Dental School and the Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Andrea J O’Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof. Rüdiger Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth95447, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Bayreuth Center for Material Science and Engineering (BayMAT), Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces (BZKG), Bayreuth Center for Molecular Biosciences (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95447, Germany
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15
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Leem JW, Fraser MJ, Kim YL. Transgenic and Diet-Enhanced Silk Production for Reinforced Biomaterials: A Metamaterial Perspective. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2020; 22:79-102. [PMID: 32160010 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082719-032747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Silk fibers, which are protein-based biopolymers produced by spiders and silkworms, are fascinating biomaterials that have been extensively studied for numerous biomedical applications. Silk fibers often have remarkable physical and biological properties that typical synthetic materials do not exhibit. These attributes have prompted a wide variety of silk research, including genetic engineering, biotechnological synthesis, and bioinspired fiber spinning, to produce silk proteins on a large scale and to further enhance their properties. In this review, we describe the basic properties of spider silk and silkworm silk and the important production methods for silk proteins. We discuss recent advances in reinforced silk using silkworm transgenesis and functional additive diets with a focus on biomedical applications. We also explain that reinforced silk has an analogy with metamaterials such that user-designed atypical responses can be engineered beyond what naturally occurring materials offer. These insights into reinforced silk can guide better engineering of superior synthetic biomaterials and lead to discoveries of unexplored biological and medical applications of silk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Woo Leem
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Malcolm J Fraser
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Young L Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA;
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16
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Salehi S, Koeck K, Scheibel T. Spider Silk for Tissue Engineering Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E737. [PMID: 32046280 PMCID: PMC7037138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its properties, such as biodegradability, low density, excellent biocompatibility and unique mechanics, spider silk has been used as a natural biomaterial for a myriad of applications. First clinical applications of spider silk as suture material go back to the 18th century. Nowadays, since natural production using spiders is limited due to problems with farming spiders, recombinant production of spider silk proteins seems to be the best way to produce material in sufficient quantities. The availability of recombinantly produced spider silk proteins, as well as their good processability has opened the path towards modern biomedical applications. Here, we highlight the research on spider silk-based materials in the field of tissue engineering and summarize various two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds made of spider silk. Finally, different applications of spider silk-based materials are reviewed in the field of tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Salehi
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (K.K.)
| | - Kim Koeck
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (K.K.)
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (K.K.)
- The Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces (BZKG), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- The Bayreuth Center for Molecular Biosciences (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- The Bayreuth Materials Center (BayMAT), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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17
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Nanostructured, Self-Assembled Spider Silk Materials for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1174:187-221. [PMID: 31713200 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The extraordinary mechanical properties of spider silk fibers result from the interplay of composition, structure and self-assembly of spider silk proteins (spidroins). Genetic approaches enabled the biotechnological production of recombinant spidroins which have been employed to unravel the self-assembly and spinning process. Various processing conditions allowed to explore non-natural morphologies including nanofibrils, particles, capsules, hydrogels, films or foams. Recombinant spider silk proteins and materials made thereof can be utilized for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering or 3D-biomanufacturing.
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18
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Hardy JG, Bertin A, Torres‐Rendon JG, Leal‐Egaña A, Humenik M, Bauer F, Walther A, Cölfen H, Schlaad H, Scheibel TR. Facile Photochemical Modification of Silk Protein–Based Biomaterials. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1800216. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John G. Hardy
- Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
- Department of ChemistryLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Materials Science InstituteLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Annabelle Bertin
- German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFree University of Berlin Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Aldo Leal‐Egaña
- Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
- Institute of BiomaterialsUniversity of Erlangen‐Nuremberg Ulrich‐Schalk‐Straße 3 91056 Erlangen Germany
| | - Martin Humenik
- Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Felix Bauer
- Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstraße 50 52056 Aachen Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 31 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research CenterUniversity of Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Physical Chemistry GroupDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Thomas R. Scheibel
- Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
- Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen (BZKG)Universität Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI)Universität Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Bayreuther Zentrum für Bio‐Makromoleküle (Bio‐Mac)Universität Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Bayreuther Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (BZMB)Universität Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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19
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Kumari S, Bargel H, Anby MU, Lafargue D, Scheibel T. Recombinant Spider Silk Hydrogels for Sustained Release of Biologicals. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1750-1759. [PMID: 33445332 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic biologics (i.e., proteins) have been widely recognized for the treatment, prevention, and cure of a variety of human diseases and syndromes. However, design of novel protein-delivery systems to achieve a nontoxic, constant, and efficient delivery with minimal doses of therapeutic biologics is still challenging. Here, recombinant spider silk-based materials are employed as a delivery system for the administration of therapeutic biologicals. Hydrogels made of the recombinant spider silk protein eADF4(C16) were used to encapsulate the model biologicals BSA, HRP, and LYS by direct loading or through diffusion, and their release was studied. Release of model biologicals from eADF4(C16) hydrogels is in part dependent on the electrostatic interaction between the biological and the recombinant spider silk protein variant used. In addition, tailoring the pore sizes of eADF4(C16) hydrogels strongly influenced the release kinetics. In a second approach, a particles-in-hydrogel system was used, showing a prolonged release in comparison with that of plain hydrogels (from days to week). The particle-enforced spider silk hydrogels are injectable and can be 3D printed. These initial studies indicate the potential of recombinant spider silk proteins to design novel injectable hydrogels that are suitable for delivering therapeutic biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Kumari
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bargel
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Mette U Anby
- Technologie Servier, 25/27 rue Eugène Vignat, 45000 Orleans, France.,H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - David Lafargue
- Technologie Servier, 25/27 rue Eugène Vignat, 45000 Orleans, France
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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20
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Chawla S, Midha S, Sharma A, Ghosh S. Silk-Based Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701204. [PMID: 29359861 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting field is making remarkable progress; however, the development of critical sized engineered tissue construct is still a farfetched goal. Silk fibroin offers a promising choice for bioink material. Nature has imparted several unique structural features in silk protein to ensure spinnability by silkworms or spider. Researchers have modified the structure-property relationship by reverse engineering to further improve shear thinning behavior, high printability, cytocompatible gelation, and high structural fidelity. In this review, it is attempted to summarize the recent advancements made in the field of 3D bioprinting in context of two major sources of silk fibroin: silkworm silk and spider silk (native and recombinant). The challenges faced by current approaches in processing silk bioinks, cellular signaling pathways modulated by silk chemistry and secondary conformations, gaps in knowledge, and future directions acquired for pushing the field further toward clinic are further elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Chawla
- Department of Textile TechnologyIIT Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Swati Midha
- Department of Textile TechnologyIIT Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Aarushi Sharma
- Department of Textile TechnologyIIT Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Department of Textile TechnologyIIT Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
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21
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Venkatesan H, Hu J, Chen J. Bioinspired Fabrication of Polyurethane/Regenerated Silk Fibroin Composite Fibres with Tubuliform Silk-Like Flat Stress⁻Strain Behaviour. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E333. [PMID: 30966368 PMCID: PMC6414937 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubuliform silk is one of the seven different types of spider silks, which is well known for its unique tensile behaviour with Flat Tensile Stress⁻Strain (FTSS) curve. It is found that anisotropic microstructure of β-sheets is responsible for this property. In recent years, bioinspired approaches to engineer fibres supported by modern manufacturing systems have been attracting considerable interest. The present paper aims to investigate a strategy to biomimic the FTSS behaviour of tubuliform silk in synthetic polymer composite fibres by blending polyurethane (PU) and regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) at different ratios. Wet spinning of composite fibres results in the reconstruction of β-sheets in the synthetic fibre matrix. PU/RSF composite fibre at a ratio of 75/25 produce a tensile curve with FTSS characteristics. Secondary structural changes in RSF and interchain directions of β-sheets within the fibre are studied using Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), respectively. Interestingly, results of TEM patterns confirm transverse anisotropic properties of RSF β-sheets. The composite fibres also display tuneable mechanical properties with respect to RSF contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Venkatesan
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jianming Chen
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Sutherland TD, Huson MG, Rapson TD. Rational design of new materials using recombinant structural proteins: Current state and future challenges. J Struct Biol 2017; 201:76-83. [PMID: 29097186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-definable polymers are seen as a prerequisite for design of future materials, with many polymer scientists regarding such polymers as the holy grail of polymer science. Recombinant proteins are sequence-defined polymers. Proteins are dictated by DNA templates and therefore the sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined, and molecular biology provides tools that allow redesign of the DNA as required. Despite this advantage, proteins are underrepresented in materials science. In this publication we investigate the advantages and limitations of using proteins as templates for rational design of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mickey G Huson
- CSIRO, Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Trevor D Rapson
- CSIRO, Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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23
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Tasei Y, Nishimura A, Suzuki Y, Sato TK, Sugahara J, Asakura T. NMR Investigation about Heterogeneous Structure and Dynamics of Recombinant Spider Silk in the Dry and Hydrated States. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Tasei
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Akio Nishimura
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yu Suzuki
- Tenure-Track
Program for Innovative Research, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Takehiro K. Sato
- Spiber Inc., 234-1 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugahara
- Spiber Inc., 234-1 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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24
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Naito A, Tasei Y, Nishimura A, Asakura T. Packing Arrangements and Intersheet Interaction of Alanine Oligopeptides As Revealed by Relaxation Parameters Obtained from High-Resolution 13C Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8946-8955. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Naito
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Yugo Tasei
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Akio Nishimura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
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25
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Asakura T, Nishimura A, Kametani S, Kawanishi S, Aoki A, Suzuki F, Kaji H, Naito A. Refined Crystal Structure of Samia cynthia ricini Silk Fibroin Revealed by Solid-State NMR Investigations. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1965-1974. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Asakura
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Akio Nishimura
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kametani
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shuto Kawanishi
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Akihiro Aoki
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Furitsu Suzuki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Department
of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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26
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Tseng P, Napier B, Zhao S, Mitropoulos AN, Applegate MB, Marelli B, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Directed assembly of bio-inspired hierarchical materials with controlled nanofibrillar architectures. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:474-480. [PMID: 28250472 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In natural systems, directed self-assembly of structural proteins produces complex, hierarchical materials that exhibit a unique combination of mechanical, chemical and transport properties. This controlled process covers dimensions ranging from the nano- to the macroscale. Such materials are desirable to synthesize integrated and adaptive materials and systems. We describe a bio-inspired process to generate hierarchically defined structures with multiscale morphology by using regenerated silk fibroin. The combination of protein self-assembly and microscale mechanical constraints is used to form oriented, porous nanofibrillar networks within predesigned macroscopic structures. This approach allows us to predefine the mechanical and physical properties of these materials, achieved by the definition of gradients in nano- to macroscale order. We fabricate centimetre-scale material geometries including anchors, cables, lattices and webs, as well as functional materials with structure-dependent strength and anisotropic thermal transport. Finally, multiple three-dimensional geometries and doped nanofibrillar constructs are presented to illustrate the facile integration of synthetic and natural additives to form functional, interactive, hierarchical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tseng
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Bradley Napier
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Siwei Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | | | - Matthew B Applegate
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Benedetto Marelli
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Fiorenzo G Omenetto
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875 Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Department of Physics, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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27
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Helfricht N, Doblhofer E, Bieber V, Lommes P, Sieber V, Scheibel T, Papastavrou G. Probing the adhesion properties of alginate hydrogels: a new approach towards the preparation of soft colloidal probes for direct force measurements. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:578-589. [PMID: 27976776 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02326f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of alginate hydrogels to solid surfaces was probed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the sphere/plane geometry. For this purpose a novel approach has been developed for the immobilization of soft colloidal probes onto AFM-cantilevers, which is inspired by techniques originating from cell biology. The aspiration and consecutive manipulation of hydrogel beads by micropipettes allows the entire manipulation sequence to be carried-out in situ. Hence, any alteration of the hydrogel beads upon drying can be excluded. The adhesive behaviour of alginate hydrogels was first evaluated by determining the distribution of pull-off forces on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) terminating in different functional groups (-CH3, -OH, -NH2, -COOH). It was demonstrated that solvent exclusion plays practically no role in the adhesion process, in clear difference to solid colloidal probes. The adhesion of alginate beads is dominated by chemical interactions rather than solvent exclusion, in particular in the case of amino-terminated SAMs. The data set acquired on the SAMs provided the framework to relate the adhesion of alginate beads on recombinant spider silk protein films to specific functional groups. The preparation of soft colloidal probes and the presented approach in analysing the adhesive behaviour is not limited to alginate hydrogel beads but can be generally applied for probing and understanding the adhesion behaviour of hydrogels on a wide range of substrates, which would be relevant for various applications such as biomedical surface modification or tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Helfricht
- Physical Chemistry/Physics of Polymers, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany.
| | - Elena Doblhofer
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Vera Bieber
- Physical Chemistry/Physics of Polymers, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany.
| | - Petra Lommes
- Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Georg Papastavrou
- Physical Chemistry/Physics of Polymers, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany.
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Sutherland TD, Rapson TD, Huson MG, Church JS. Recombinant Structural Proteins and Their Use in Future Materials. Subcell Biochem 2017; 82:491-526. [PMID: 28101871 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-49674-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are polymers that offer the materials engineer absolute control over chain length and composition: key attributes required for design of advanced polymeric materials. Through this control, these polymers can be encoded to contain information that enables them to respond as the environment changes. However, despite their promise, protein-based materials are under-represented in materials science. In this chapter we investigate why this is and describe recent efforts to address this. We discuss constraints limiting rational design of structural proteins for advanced materials; advantages and disadvantages of different recombinant expression platforms; and, methods to fabricate proteins into solid-state materials. Finally, we describe the silk proteins used in our laboratory as templates for information-containing polymers.
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Kametani S, Tasei Y, Nishimura A, Asakura T. Distinct solvent- and temperature-dependent packing arrangements of anti-parallel β-sheet polyalanines studied with solid-state 13C NMR and MD simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20829-20838. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03693k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Change from rectangular arrangement to staggered arrangement of (Ala)6 by heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kametani
- Department of Biotechnology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
- Mitsui Chemical Analysis & Consulting Service, Inc
| | - Yugo Tasei
- Department of Biotechnology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Akio Nishimura
- Department of Biotechnology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
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Heppner R, Weichert N, Schierhorn A, Conrad U, Pietzsch M. Low-Tech, Pilot Scale Purification of a Recombinant Spider Silk Protein Analog from Tobacco Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1687. [PMID: 27735843 PMCID: PMC5085719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spider dragline is used by many members of the Araneae family not only as a proteinogenic safety thread but also for web construction. Spider dragline has been shown to possess high tensile strength in combination with elastic behavior. This high tensile strength can be attributed to the presence of antiparallel β-sheets within the thread; these antiparallel β-sheets are why the protein is classified as a silk. Due to the properties of spider silk and its technical and medical uses, including its use as a suture material and as a scaffold for tissue regeneration, spider dragline is a focus of the biotechnology industry. The production of sufficient amounts of spider silk is challenging, as it is difficult to produce large quantities of fibers because of the cannibalistic behavior of spiders and their large spatial requirements. In recent years, the heterologous expression of genes coding for spider silk analogs in various hosts, including plants such as Nicotiana tabacum, has been established. We developed a simple and scalable method for the purification of a recombinant spider silk protein elastin-like peptide fusion protein (Q-/K-MaSp1-100× ELP) after heterologous production in tobacco leaves involving heat and acetone precipitation. Further purification was performed using centrifugal Inverse Transition Cycling (cITC). Up to 400 mg of highly pure spider silk protein derivatives can be isolated from six kilograms of tobacco leaves, which is the highest amount of silk protein derivatives purified from plants thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Heppner
- Department of Downstream Processing, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I-Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle 06120, Germany.
| | - Nicola Weichert
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research-IPK, Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland OT Gatersleben 06466, Germany.
| | - Angelika Schierhorn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences I-Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, Halle 06120, Germany.
| | - Udo Conrad
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research-IPK, Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland OT Gatersleben 06466, Germany.
| | - Markus Pietzsch
- Department of Downstream Processing, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I-Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle 06120, Germany.
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Structural characterization of the major ampullate silk spidroin-2 protein produced by the spider Nephila clavipes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1444-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hardy JG, Torres-Rendon JG, Leal-Egaña A, Walther A, Schlaad H, Cölfen H, Scheibel TR. Biomineralization of Engineered Spider Silk Protein-Based Composite Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E560. [PMID: 28773681 PMCID: PMC5456849 DOI: 10.3390/ma9070560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Materials based on biodegradable polyesters, such as poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) or poly(butylene terephthalate-co-poly(alkylene glycol) terephthalate) (PBTAT), have potential application as pro-regenerative scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Herein, the preparation of films composed of PBT or PBTAT and an engineered spider silk protein, (eADF4(C16)), that displays multiple carboxylic acid moieties capable of binding calcium ions and facilitating their biomineralization with calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate is reported. Human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on films mineralized with calcium phosphate show enhanced levels of alkaline phosphatase activity suggesting that such composites have potential use for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Hardy
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
| | | | - Aldo Leal-Egaña
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
| | - Andreas Walther
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen 52056, Germany.
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam 14476, Germany.
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, Konstanz D-78457, Germany.
| | - Thomas R Scheibel
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
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Schierling MB, Doblhofer E, Scheibel T. Cellular uptake of drug loaded spider silk particles. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1515-1523. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00435k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Medical therapies are often accompanied by not-wanted side-effects or, even worse, targeted cells can develop drug resistance leading to an ineffective treatment. Here, it was shown that drugs can be efficiently delivered into and released within cells when spider silk particles were used as a carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina B. Schierling
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien
- Universitätsstraße 30
- Universität Bayreuth
- Bayreuth D-95447
- Germany
| | - Elena Doblhofer
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien
- Universitätsstraße 30
- Universität Bayreuth
- Bayreuth D-95447
- Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien
- Universitätsstraße 30
- Universität Bayreuth
- Bayreuth D-95447
- Germany
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Ebrahimi D, Tokareva O, Rim NG, Wong JY, Kaplan DL, Buehler MJ. Silk-Its Mysteries, How It Is Made, and How It Is Used. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:864-876. [PMID: 27398402 PMCID: PMC4936833 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews fundamental and applied aspects of silk-one of Nature's most intriguing materials in terms of its strength, toughness, and biological role-in its various forms, from protein molecules to webs and cocoons, in the context of mechanical and biological properties. A central question that will be explored is how the bridging of scales and the emergence of hierarchical structures are critical elements in achieving novel material properties, and how this knowledge can be explored in the design of synthetic materials. We review how the function of a material system at the macroscale can be derived from the interplay of fundamental molecular building blocks. Moreover, guidelines and approaches to current experimental and computational designs in the field of synthetic silklike materials are provided to assist the materials science community in engineering customized finetuned biomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoud Ebrahimi
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Olena Tokareva
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Nae Gyune Rim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Joyce Y. Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Markus J. Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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dos Santos-Pinto JRA, Arcuri HA, Priewalder H, Salles HC, Palma MS, Lubec G. Structural Model for the Spider Silk Protein Spidroin-1. J Proteome Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto
- Center
of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of
Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil
- Department
of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Helen Andrade Arcuri
- Center
of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of
Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil
| | - Helga Priewalder
- Department
of Paleontology, Geological Survey of Austria, Vienna 1230, Austria
| | - Heliana Clara Salles
- Center
of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of
Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Palma
- Center
of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of
Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department
of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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Huot A, Lefèvre T, Rioux-Dubé JF, Paquet-Mercier F, Nault AP, Auger M, Pézolet M. Effect of mechanical deformation on the structure of regenerated Bombyx mori silk fibroin films as revealed using Raman and infrared spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 69:689-698. [PMID: 25954973 DOI: 10.1366/14-07776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the effect of mechanical stress during the spinning of silk, the protein orientation and conformation of Bombyx mori regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) films have been studied as a function of deformation in a static mode or in real time by tensile-Raman experiments and polarization modulation infrared linear dichroism (PM-IRLD), respectively. The data show that either for step-by-step or continuous stretching, elongation induces the progressive formation of β-sheets that align along the drawing axis, in particular above a draw ratio of ~2. The formation of β-sheets begins before their alignment during a continuous drawing. Unordered chains were, however, never found to be oriented, which explains the very low level of orientation of the amorphous phase of the natural fiber. Stress-perturbed unordered chains readily convert into β-sheets, the strain-induced transformation following a two-state process. The final level of orientation and β-sheet content are lower than those found in the native fiber, indicating that various parameters have to be optimized in order to implement a spinning process as efficient as the natural one. Finally, during the stress relaxation period in a step-by-step drawing, there is essentially no change of the content and orientation of the β-sheets, suggesting that only unordered structures tend to reorganize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrine Huot
- Department of Chemistry, Centre de recherche sur les matériaux avancés, Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels, Regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, la structure et l'ingénierie des protéines, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
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Desai MS, Lee SW. Protein-based functional nanomaterial design for bioengineering applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 7:69-97. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malav S. Desai
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley CA USA
- Physical Biosciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley CA USA
| | - Seung-Wuk Lee
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley CA USA
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dos Santos-Pinto JRA, Lamprecht G, Chen WQ, Heo S, Hardy JG, Priewalder H, Scheibel TR, Palma MS, Lubec G. Structure and post-translational modifications of the web silk protein spidroin-1 from Nephila spiders. J Proteomics 2014; 105:174-85. [PMID: 24434585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Spidroin-1 is one of the major ampullate silk proteins produced by spiders for use in the construction of the frame and radii of orb webs, and as a dragline to escape from predators. Only partial sequences of spidroin-1 produced by Nephila clavipes have been reported up to now, and there is no information on post-translational modifications (PTMs). A gel-based mass spectrometry strategy with ETD and CID fragmentation methods were used to sequence and determine the presence/location of any PTMs on the spidroin-1. Sequence coverage of 98.06%, 95.05%, and 98.37% were obtained for N. clavipes, Nephila edulis and for Nephila madagascariensis, respectively. Phosphorylation was the major PTM observed with 8 phosphorylation sites considered reliable on spidroin-1 produced by N. clavipes, 4 in N. madagascariensis and 2 for N. edulis. Dityrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (formed by oxidation of the spidroin-1) were observed, although the mechanism by which they are formed (i.e. exposure to UV radiation or to peroxidases in the major ampullate silk gland) is uncertain. Herein we present structural information on the spidroin-1 produced by three different Nephila species; these findings may be valuable for understanding the physicochemical properties of the silk proteins and moreover, future designs of recombinantly produced spider silk proteins. Biotechnological significance The present investigation shows for the first time spidroin structure and post-translational modifications observed on the major ampullate silk spidroin-1. The many site specific phosphorylations (localized within the structural motifs) along with the probably photoinduction of hydroxylations may be relevant for scientists in material science, biology, biochemistry and environmental scientists. Up to now all the mechanical properties of the spidroin have been characterized without any consideration about the existence of PTMs in the sequence of spidroins. Thus, these findings for major ampullate silk spidroin-1 from Nephila spiders provide the basis for mechanical-elastic property studies of silk for biotechnological and biomedical potential applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics of non-model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto
- Center of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Günther Lamprecht
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna 1230, Austria
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Seok Heo
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - John George Hardy
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Helga Priewalder
- Department of Paleontology, Geological Survey of Austria, Vienna 1230, Austria
| | - Thomas Rainer Scheibel
- Lehrstuhl Biomaterialien, Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Mario Sergio Palma
- Center of the Study of Social Insects, Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP 13500, Brazil.
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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Menezes GM, Teulé F, Lewis RV, Silva LP, Rech EL. Nanoscale investigations of synthetic spider silk fibers modified by physical and chemical processes. Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2013.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Helfricht N, Klug M, Mark A, Kuznetsov V, Blüm C, Scheibel T, Papastavrou G. Surface properties of spider silk particles in solution. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:1166-1171. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wohlrab S, Müller S, Schmidt A, Neubauer S, Kessler H, Leal-Egaña A, Scheibel T. Cell adhesion and proliferation on RGD-modified recombinant spider silk proteins. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6650-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Young SL, Gupta M, Hanske C, Fery A, Scheibel T, Tsukruk VV. Utilizing Conformational Changes for Patterning Thin Films of Recombinant Spider Silk Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3189-99. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300964h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seth L. Young
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Maneesh Gupta
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christoph Hanske
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse
30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse
30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Biomaterials, FAN, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse
30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Vladimir V. Tsukruk
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Recombinant spider silk particles for controlled delivery of protein drugs. Biomaterials 2012; 33:1554-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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