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Rajendran S, Narayansamy A, Annamalai R, Cruze LD, Kuppan K. Proteome of pericytes from retinal vasculature of diabetic donor eyes. Exp Eye Res 2024; 251:110178. [PMID: 39580044 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 10/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024]
Abstract
Retinal pericytes (PCs) are contractile microvascular smooth muscle cells that wrap around the endothelial cells (ECs) maintaining intact retinal vasculature (RV) with a 1:1 ratio. Microvascular complications like diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to chronic diabetes causes apoptotic loss of PCs followed by diminished vessel stability, EC apoptosis, and ischemia, leading to retinal angiogenesis, and eventually severe vision loss. This study aimed to analyze the proteins in PCs isolated from the RV of diabetic human donor eyes and compare them with remaining mixed population (MP) of retinal vascular cells. PCs and MP proteomes were analyzed using semi-quantitative proteomics. Proteins were extracted, quantified, and analyzed in duplicate using LC-MS/MS on a Tandem mass spectrometer. Overall, 42 PC and 27 MP proteins, with 19 shared proteins, were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that PC proteins share common biological processes, such as negative regulation of fibrinolysis and vLDL particle remodeling, nitric oxide transport, phospholipid efflux, positive control over the clearance of apoptotic cells, chondrocyte proliferation, lipoprotein lipase activity, and oxidative stress-induced intrinsic atrophic signaling pathways. In the fold enrichment analysis, the PC proteins were associated with cholesterol metabolism, Complement and coagulant, ECM-receptor interaction, longevity regulating pathway, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), focal adhesion and PI3 Akt signaling pathways. Among the PC proteins, vitronectin, gelsolin, hornerin, apolipoprotein A1, C3, H, and complement Factors C3, C4, and C9 were identified as the most highly ranked proteins in diabetes. The identified unique proteins of retinal PC could prove beneficial as a therapeutic target in the management of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Rajendran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
| | | | - Radha Annamalai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Lawrence D Cruze
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Kaviarasan Kuppan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
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Onigbinde S, Gutierrez Reyes CD, Sandilya V, Chukwubueze F, Oluokun O, Sahioun S, Oluokun A, Mechref Y. Optimization of glycopeptide enrichment techniques for the identification of clinical biomarkers. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:431-462. [PMID: 39439029 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2418491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The identification and characterization of glycopeptides through LC-MS/MS and advanced enrichment techniques are crucial for advancing clinical glycoproteomics, significantly impacting the discovery of disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Despite progress in enrichment methods like Lectin Affinity Chromatography (LAC), Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC), and Electrostatic Repulsion Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (ERLIC), issues with specificity, efficiency, and scalability remain, impeding thorough analysis of complex glycosylation patterns crucial for disease understanding. AREAS COVERED This review explores the current challenges and innovative solutions in glycopeptide enrichment and mass spectrometry analysis, highlighting the importance of novel materials and computational advances for improving sensitivity and specificity. It outlines the potential future directions of these technologies in clinical glycoproteomics, emphasizing their transformative impact on medical diagnostics and therapeutic strategies. EXPERT OPINION The application of innovative materials such as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), functional nanomaterials, and online enrichment shows promise in addressing challenges associated with glycoproteomics analysis by providing more selective and robust enrichment platforms. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning is revolutionizing glycoproteomics by enhancing the processing and interpretation of extensive data from LC-MS/MS, boosting biomarker discovery, and improving predictive accuracy, thus supporting personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Vishal Sandilya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Favour Chukwubueze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Odunayo Oluokun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Sahioun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ayobami Oluokun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Tahir UA, Barber JL, Cruz DE, Kars ME, Deng S, Tuftin B, Gillman MG, Benson MD, Robbins JM, Chen ZZ, Rao P, Katz DH, Farrell L, Sofer T, Hall ME, Ekunwe L, Tracy RP, Durda P, Taylor KD, Liu Y, Johnson WC, Guo X, Chen YDI, Manichaikul AW, Jain D, Wang TJ, Reiner AP, Natarajan P, Itan Y, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Wilson JG, Raffield LM, Gerszten RE. Proteogenomic analysis integrated with electronic health records data reveals disease-associated variants in Black Americans. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e181802. [PMID: 39316441 PMCID: PMC11527441 DOI: 10.1172/jci181802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDMost GWAS of plasma proteomics have focused on White individuals of European ancestry, limiting biological insight from other ancestry-enriched protein quantitative loci (pQTL).METHODSWe conducted a discovery GWAS of approximately 3,000 plasma proteins measured by the antibody-based Olink platform in 1,054 Black adults from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) and validated our findings in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). The genetic architecture of identified pQTLs was further explored through fine mapping and admixture association analysis. Finally, using our pQTL findings, we performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) across 2 large multiethnic electronic health record (EHR) systems in All of Us and BioMe.RESULTSWe identified 1,002 pQTLs for 925 protein assays. Fine mapping and admixture analyses suggested allelic heterogeneity of the plasma proteome across diverse populations. We identified associations for variants enriched in African ancestry, many in diseases that lack precise biomarkers, including cis-pQTLs for cathepsin L (CTSL) and Siglec-9, which were linked with sarcoidosis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, respectively. We found concordant associations across clinical diagnoses and laboratory measurements, elucidating disease pathways, including a cis-pQTL associated with circulating CD58, WBC count, and multiple sclerosis.CONCLUSIONSOur findings emphasize the value of leveraging diverse populations to enhance biological insights from proteomics GWAS, and we have made this resource readily available as an interactive web portal.FUNDINGNIH K08 HL161445-01A1; 5T32HL160522-03; HHSN268201600034I; HL133870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman A. Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacob L. Barber
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel E. Cruz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Shuliang Deng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Madeline G. Gillman
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark D. Benson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Prashant Rao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Laurie Farrell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael E. Hall
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Lynette Ekunwe
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Peter Durda
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - W. Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Ani W. Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics and
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Deepti Jain
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Thomas J. Wang
- Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuval Itan
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, California, USA
| | - James G. Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Yuan Z, Lai Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhou J, Li D, Yu W, Zhou J, Li Z. N-glycosylation of disease-specific haptoglobin for the early screening of diabetic retinopathy. Proteomics Clin Appl 2024; 18:e2300032. [PMID: 38456388 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202300032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy (DR), as one of the microvascular complications of diabetes, is a leading cause of acquired vision loss. Most DR cases are detected in the advanced stage through fundoscopy, making molecular biomarkers urgently needed for early diagnosis of DR. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Serum disease-specific haptoglobin-β (Hp-β) chains of 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 156 T2DM patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) were separated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After in-gel digestion and enrichment, the intact N-glycopeptides were detected by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Fucosylation of Hp-β was significantly increased and sialylation of Hp-β was significantly decreased in background DR (BDR, an early-stage DR) patients compared with non-diabetic retinopathy patients (p < 0.05) and yielded area under curves (AUCs) of 0.801 and 0.829 in training and validation groups, respectively, which had an advantage over glycated hemoglobin A1c (AUC ≤ 0.691). Moreover, a significant increase in sialylated Hp-β was found in severe NPDR patients compared with BDR patients and yielded an AUC of 0.828 to distinguish severe NPDR from BDR. CONCLUSION Changes in Hp-β glycosylation are closely related to DR, and may be used for early diagnosis and screening of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Yuan
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhen Lai
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyun Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Xi X, Yang Y, Chen Q, Ma J, Wang X, Deng Y, Wang X, Li Y. GnT-V-mediated aberrant N-glycosylation of TIMP-1 promotes diabetic retinopathy progression. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:428. [PMID: 38499842 PMCID: PMC10948582 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway plays an important role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The glycosylation modification process of many key functional proteins in DR patients is abnormal. However, the potential involvement of abnormal N-glycoproteins in DR progression remains unclear. METHODS Glycoproteomic profiling of the vitreous humor was performed. The level of protein and N-glycoprotein was confirmed by Western blot and Lectin blot, respectively. The cell viability and migration efficiency were detected by CCK-8 and Transwell assay. Flow cytometry was conducted to analyze the level of cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen specie. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase activity and VEGF content were detected by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. The interaction of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) with N-acetylglucosamine transferase V (GnT-V) was detected by GST pull-down. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and choroidal and retinal flat mount stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate-Dextran assay were used for functional research in vivo. RESULTS We found that N-glycosylation was up-regulated in DR rats and high glucose (HG)-induced human retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE-19. HG-induced inhibited the viability of ARPE-19 cells and promoted cell apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS), but these effects were reversed with kifunensine treatment, GnT-V knockdown and TIMP-1 mutation. Additionally, GnT-V binds to TIMP-1 to promote N-glycosylation of TIMP-1. Over-expression of GnT-V inhibited the viability of ARPE-19 cells and promoted cell apoptosis, OS and VEGF release, which these effects were reversed with TIMP-1 mutation. Interestingly, over-expression of GnT-V promoted retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) angiogenesis but was revered with TIMP-1 mutation, which was terminally boosted by VEGF-A treatment. Finally, knockdown of GnT-V relieved DR progression. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that GnT-V can promote RMECs angiogenesis and ARPE-19 cells injury through activation VEGF signaling pathway by increasing TIMP-1 N-glycosylation level, which provides a new theoretical basis for the prevention of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Xi
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianbo Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yachun Deng
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes at Pre-diabetes Stage by Mass Spectrometry: A Preliminary Study. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10419-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Tabang DN, Ford M, Li L. Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Glycomic and Glycoproteomic Studies of Pancreatic Diseases. Front Chem 2021; 9:707387. [PMID: 34368082 PMCID: PMC8342852 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.707387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of proteins by glycans plays a crucial role in mediating biological functions in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as the most powerful tool for glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses advancing knowledge of many diseases. Such diseases include those of the pancreas which affect millions of people each year. In this review, recent advances in pancreatic disease research facilitated by MS-based glycomic and glycoproteomic studies will be examined with a focus on diabetes and pancreatic cancer. The last decade, and especially the last five years, has witnessed developments in both discovering new glycan or glycoprotein biomarkers and analyzing the links between glycans and disease pathology through MS-based studies. The strength of MS lies in the specificity and sensitivity of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization MS for measuring a wide range of biomolecules from limited sample amounts from many sample types, greatly enhancing and accelerating the biomarker discovery process. Furthermore, imaging MS of glycans enabled by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization has proven useful in complementing histology and immunohistochemistry to monitor pancreatic disease progression. Advances in biological understanding and analytical techniques, as well as challenges and future directions for the field, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Nicholas Tabang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Megan Ford
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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8
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Zhao Y, Wang M, Meng B, Gao Y, Xue Z, He M, Jiang Y, Dai X, Yan D, Fang X. Identification of Dysregulated Complement Activation Pathways Driven by N-Glycosylation Alterations in T2D Patients. Front Chem 2021; 9:677621. [PMID: 34178943 PMCID: PMC8226093 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.677621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has become a major public health concern worldwide, most of which are type 2 diabetes (T2D). The diagnosis of T2D is commonly based on plasma glucose levels, and there are no reliable clinical biomarkers available for early detection. Recent advances in proteome technologies offer new opportunity for the understanding of T2D; however, the underlying proteomic characteristics of T2D have not been thoroughly investigated yet. Here, using proteomic and glycoproteomic profiling, we provided a comprehensive landscape of molecular alterations in the fasting plasma of the 24 Chinese participants, including eight T2D patients, eight prediabetic (PDB) subjects, and eight healthy control (HC) individuals. Our analyses identified a diverse set of potential biomarkers that might enhance the efficiency and accuracy based on current existing biological indicators of (pre)diabetes. Through integrative omics analysis, we showed the capability of glycoproteomics as a complement to proteomics or metabolomics, to provide additional insights into the pathogenesis of (pre)diabetes. We have newly identified systemic site-specific N-glycosylation alterations underlying T2D patients in the complement activation pathways, including decreased levels of N-glycopeptides from C1s, MASP1, and CFP proteins, and increased levels of N-glycopeptides from C2, C4, C4BPA, C4BPB, and CFH. These alterations were not observed at proteomic levels, suggesting new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Our results demonstrate a great potential role of glycoproteomics in understanding (pre)diabetes and present a new direction for diabetes research which deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Man Wang
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Xue
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Minjun He
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - You Jiang
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
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