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Ironson G, Ahmad SS. Frequency of Private Prayer Predicts Survival Over 6 Years in a Nationwide U.S. Sample of Individuals with a Chronic Illness. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:2910-2923. [PMID: 37515683 PMCID: PMC11319365 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Prayer is central to religious/spiritual life, and there are many claims for its effectiveness. However, few studies have examined whether frequency of prayer predicts survival in people with a chronic illness. This study follows a nationwide United States sample of people with a chronic illness (N = 1931) from 2014 to 2020. Those who prayed on a daily basis or more were significantly more likely to survive over 6 years (Hazard Ratio = 1.48; 95% Confidence Intervals: 1.08-2.03) compared with those who prayed less often, after controlling for biomedical variables (age, medical symptoms), sociodemographics (sex, race, and education), psychosocial variables (depression, social support), and health behaviors (alcohol use, smoking, exercise, and body mass index/weight).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Ironson
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA.
| | - Salman Shaheen Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
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2
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Irsay L, Ciortea VM, Popa T, Iliescu MG, Ciubean AD. Exploring the Connections between Medical Rehabilitation, Faith and Spirituality. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1202. [PMID: 38921316 PMCID: PMC11204077 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Patients who undergo a medical rehabilitation treatment are often facing a physical, emotional and spiritual crisis, mostly due to pain, loss of limb functionality, the memory of the pre-disease days or questions about their role and value in life. Most of the time, the physician does not have the ability to deal with these issues or to provide the expected responses. The aim of this study was to analyze the patient's perception on spirituality and faith while going through a medical rehabilitation program. (2) Methods: The current study included 173 patients treated in the Rehabilitation Department of the Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Of them, 91 comprised the study group and were assessed in 2023, while 82 comprised the control group and were assessed in 2007. All patients answered a 34-item questionnaire designed by the authors regarding the role of religion, spirituality and prayer in their post-disease life. (3) Results: The results show that 99% of the patients assessed believe in God, 80% pray every day, 50% have less pain after praying and 44% trust their priest the same as they trust their doctor. When comparing groups, results from 2023 show that more patients pray every day, while fewer are afraid of dying, think their disease is serious or wish for the medical team to pray with them, compared to 2007. (4) Conclusions: The physician should not neglect the faith of the patient and should use it to achieve a better rehabilitation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Irsay
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.I.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Viorela Mihaela Ciortea
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.I.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Theodor Popa
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.I.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Madalina Gabriela Iliescu
- Techirghiol Sanatorium Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 906100 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Alina Deniza Ciubean
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.I.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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3
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Cho HE, Shepherd WS, Colombo GM, Wiese AD, Rork WC, Kostick KM, Nguyen D, Murali CN, Robinson ME, Schneider SC, Qian JH, Lee B, Sutton VR, Storch EA. Resilience and coping: a qualitative analysis of cognitive and behavioral factors in adults with osteogenesis Imperfecta. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38841844 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2358903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate resilience among adults with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 adults with OI. Transcripts were coded and subsequently abstracted, yielding themes specific to resilience and coping. Interview guides covered broad topics including pain challenges specific to OI, mental health issues related to OI, and priorities for future interventions for individuals with OI. RESULTS Participants described resilience in the context of OI as the ability to grow from adversity, adapt to challenges resulting from OI-related injuries, and find identities apart from their condition. Psychological coping strategies included acceptance, self-efficacy, cognitive reframing, perspective-taking, and positivity. Behavioral factors that helped participants develop resilience included developing new skills, pursuing meaningful goals, practicing spirituality, and seeking external resources such as psychotherapy, education, and connection with community. CONCLUSION Having identified how adults with OI define resilience and the strategies they use to cope, we can now develop interventions and guide healthcare providers in improving psychological wellbeing in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Whitney S Shepherd
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gianna M Colombo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew D Wiese
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - W Conor Rork
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin M Kostick
- Center for Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dianne Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chaya N Murali
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Sophie C Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin H Qian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - V Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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4
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Reimer-Kirkham S, Sharma S. The social relations of prayer in healthcare: Adding to nursing's equity-oriented professional practice and disciplinary knowledge. Nurs Inq 2024; 31:e12608. [PMID: 37869907 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Although spiritual practices such as prayer are engaged by many to support well-being and coping, little research has addressed nurses and prayer, whether for themselves or facilitating patients' use of prayer. We conducted a qualitative study to explore how prayer (as a proxy for spirituality and religion) is manifest-whether embraced, tolerated, or resisted-in healthcare, and how institutional and social contexts shape how prayer is understood and enacted. This paper analyzes interviews with 21 nurses in Vancouver and London as a subset of the larger study. Findings show that nurses' kindness can buffer the loneliness and exclusion of ill health and in this way support the "spirit" of those in their care. Spiritual support for patients rarely incorporated prayer, in part because of ambiguities about permission and professional boundaries. Nurses' engagement with prayer and spiritual support could become a politicized site of religious accommodation, where imposition, religious illiteracy, and racism could derail person-centered care and consequently enact social exclusion. Spiritual support (including prayer) sustained nurses themselves. We propose that nursing's equity-oriented knowledge encompass spirituality and religion as sites of exclusion and inclusion. Nurses must be supported to move past religious illiteracy to provide culturally and spiritually sensitive care with clarity about professional boundaries and collaborative models of spiritual care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonya Sharma
- Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Hidayat AI, Purnawan I, Mulyaningrat W, Saryono S, Siwi AS, Rias YA, Efendi F. Effect of Combining Dhikr and Prayer Therapy on Pain and Vital Signs in Appendectomy Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study. J Holist Nurs 2024; 42:6-14. [PMID: 37277995 DOI: 10.1177/08980101231180051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Dhikr and prayer reduce pain and improve a patient's vital signs. However, the interactions among these require further clarification in patients undergoing appendectomy. This study aimed to assess the effects of the combination of dhikr and prayer on pain, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation. Study design: Quasi-experimental design. Method: Pain, pulse, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were measured via clinical examination immediately after leaving the recovery room at 1 and 2 hr after surgery in both the experimental and control groups. In total, 88 eligible participants were allocated to two groups: participants who received both dhikr and prayer (n = 44), and those who received routine care without analgesic therapy (n = 44). The chi-square test, independent t test, and general equation model were employed. Results: Respondents showed a significant interaction between group and time to decrease in pain, pulse, respiratory rate, and improved oxygen saturation, except for pain within 1 hr. The differences in all outcome scores between the groups after 1 and 2 hr were statistically significant, except for oxygen saturation after 1 hr. Conclusion: The combination of dhikr and prayer effectively decreased pain and improved vital signs. This helped nurses implement this procedure by promoting an essential culture of spiritual care for appendectomy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwan Purnawan
- Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
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6
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Ahmad A, Asim M, Malik N, Safdar MR, Sher F, Sohail MM. Between Life and Death: How do Muslim Terminal Patients in Pakistan cope with Hepatitis C utilizing their Beliefs and Social Support? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10943-023-01828-1. [PMID: 37166691 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Life-threatening events including terminal illness intensify the search for meaning and incite individuals to get closer to religion. Terminal patients can often find religious practices as helpful as medical therapy for bettering both physical and mental health. The present research aims to explain the interaction between religion, spirituality, and social support in coping with terminal illness among Muslim hepatitis C patients in Pakistan. A semi-structured open-ended interview guide was utilized to collect the data. Participants expressed that the deployment of religious and spiritual beliefs along with socio-emotional support during illness fostered medical therapy. Participants also revealed that belief in God provided them the strength to be steadfast during the terminal stage of the disease. Religious beliefs enabled terminal participants to accept death as an eventual reality and a normal part of their lives. Furthermore, participants put forward their longing for those kinds of religious practices that terminal diseases usually restrained them from receiving. The emotional support stemming from social relationships also improved resilience to cope with the terminal stage of illness. The study concludes that the interplay of religion, spirituality, and social support normalizes the fear of death, lessens pain, and improves resilience among Muslim hepatitis C patients in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhlaq Ahmad
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA.
| | - Nazia Malik
- Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Falak Sher
- Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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7
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Cordero DA. The Virus and the Famous: Narratives of Religious Experience by Selected Filipino Celebrities Who had COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:1394-1430. [PMID: 36715877 PMCID: PMC9886208 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed our lives, whether that be for ordinary citizens or those occupying higher social status. The experience of sickness and suffering however, can give meaning and can pose a challenge to our religious beliefs and practices. This article explores in depth the experience of battling COVID-19 by selected Filipino celebrities who are a significant part of the Filipino culture and are admired by the general public. This article draws inspiration from their narratives about how they faced, struggled, and recovered from the dreaded COVID-19 disease. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, the transcripts of their interview revealled three major themes: total dependence on the Divine, therapeutic social support, and sickness as purposeful and transformative. These themes may contribute to future research in the discussion of how valuable are the life lessons during such a crisis, most especially from popular personalities who are considered "models" by the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalmacito A Cordero
- Department of the Theology and Religious Education (DTRE), De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.
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8
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Elkhalloufi F, Boutayeb S, Alaoui YL, Zakkouri FAZ, Jaouhari ME, Errihani H. Association Between Religiosity, Depression, and Anxiety Among Moroccan Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:4382-4397. [PMID: 35279760 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between religiosity, depression, and anxiety in Moroccan cancer patients. A convenience sample of 1055 participants was recruited to complete questionnaires. Socio-demographic, religious, and cancer characteristics were assessed. The Arabic version of the HADS scale was used to assess depression and anxiety. Bivariate chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze data. The results revealed that engaging in religious practices significantly decreases the risk of suffering from depression and/or anxiety. However, some religious practices may have a counter effect. These findings suggest that religiosity is important for cancer patients in Morocco and is also associated with a better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Elkhalloufi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat Institut., Mohammed V University, Av Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, B.P 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Saber Boutayeb
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat Institut., Mohammed V University, Av Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, B.P 6203, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Fatima Az-Zahra Zakkouri
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat Institut., Mohammed V University, Av Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, B.P 6203, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mounia El Jaouhari
- Culture, Language, Education, Migration, and Society Laboratory, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hassan Errihani
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat Institut., Mohammed V University, Av Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, B.P 6203, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
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9
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Ironson G, Ahmad SS. Praying for People You Know Predicts Survival over 17 Years Among People Living with HIV in the U.S. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:4081-4095. [PMID: 35999335 PMCID: PMC9398051 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most studies predicting the effects of prayer on health have examined intercessory prayer (prayers by others who often don't know you), yet most people pray for their own health and the health of others who they know. Our study, conducted in Miami, USA, differentiated praying for self, known others, and unknown others in people living with HIV, a virus with clearly defined biological markers of progression, enabling control for initial CD4-count and viral load. Only praying for known others predicted greater survival. People with HIV who prayed for known others were twice as likely to survive over 17 years compared to those who did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Ironson
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
| | - Salman Shaheen Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
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10
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Kim SS, Kim-Godwin Y, Gil M, Kim D, Cheon YK. The Benefits of Spiritual Diaries: A Mixed-Method Study in Korea. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:3978-3992. [PMID: 33978877 PMCID: PMC8542544 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This mixed study examined the benefits of spiritual diaries in Korea. Quantitatively, differences in spiritual growth and psychological well-being were examined in relation to the frequency of writing spiritual diaries among 385 participating adults. The group who wrote spiritual diaries '5-7 times a week' had significantly higher scores relating to spiritual growth and psychological wellbeing than other groups across the outcome variables. Qualitatively, the study also explored the benefits of writing spiritual diaries among 37 adults. Three major themes using four focus group interviews, were identified: (a) the acquisition of godly habits, (b) a closer walk with Jesus, and (c) the fullness of God's presence. These findings are particularly important for healthcare providers who want to facilitate patient self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Sun Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Korea
| | - Yeounsoo Kim-Godwin
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA
| | - Minji Gil
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Korea
| | - DaEun Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Korea
| | - Yeon Kum Cheon
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Korea
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11
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GÜL A, AYGİN D. Stomalı Hastalarda Dini Ritüeller. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.937111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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Wisesrith W, Soonthornchaiya R, Hain D. Thai Nurses' Experiences of Spiritual Care for Older Adults at End of Life. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2021; 23:286-292. [PMID: 33631777 DOI: 10.1097/njh.0000000000000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Most Thai registered nurses who provide end-of-life care emphasize the physical dimension of care rather than spiritual care. There is a need to explore the experiences of Thai nurses who provide spiritual care. The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences of Thai palliative care nurses providing spiritual care for older adults at the end of life. A descriptive qualitative research design was used. The 8 participants were Thai nurses with experience of palliative care in hospitals in the central, northeastern, northern, and southern regions of Thailand. A focus group discussion was used for data collection. Content analysis was used to analyze data. Five themes were as follows: (1) spiritual care was searching for meaning in patients' lives, (2) spiritual self-preparation of nurses for making sense and connecting to patients' spirituality, (3) caring for patients' spiritual needs by recognizing psychological and religious beliefs, (4) facilitating ways to ease patients' suffering, and (5) assuring confidence of patients and relatives for receiving the best care. These findings that should be included in training registered nurses are honoring the patients' lives, addressing spiritual needs to decrease patients' suffering, and enhancing patients' perceptions of care through spiritual self-preparation and spiritual concern of nurses.
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13
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Chin F, Chou R, Waqas M, Vakharia K, Rai H, Levy E, Holmes D. Efficacy of prayer in inducing immediate physiological changes: a systematic analysis of objective experiments. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:679-684. [PMID: 33544510 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the immediate impact of prayer on physiological state by systematically reviewing objective, controlled experimental studies in the literature. CONTENT Experimental studies measuring objective physiological changes induced by prayer. Studies containing the keyword, "Prayer" anywhere in the title or abstract were curated from the following databases: Public/Publisher Medline (PubMed), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) in May 2019. Titles and abstracts were screened with the remaining 30 articles analyzed for inclusion. Only experimental studies were included. SUMMARY Eight experimental studies were identified of which five investigated neurocognitive changes and three investigated systemic physiological changes during prayer. The five studies focusing on neuroactivity used functional MRI (fMRI), electroencephalography or SPECT imaging to obtain measurements. The remaining three studies analyzed an array of systemic physiological metrics, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, peripheral resistance, baroreceptor sensitivity and/or cardiovascular rhythm variability during prayer. All studies aside from one saw objective changes during prayer. Neurocognitive changes were mainly associated with improved mental functioning, control and pain tolerance. Prayer was found to slow down physiological functions in two of the three vital-based studies, with the third reporting no change in physiological status. None of the studies measured blood marker changes. OUTLOOK Experimental studies show prayer to induce healthy neurocognitive and physiological changes. Additional studies exploring objective measures from prayer are encouraged to provide practitioners with a more nuanced, scientific perspective when it comes to prescribing prayer as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Chin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Chou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kunal Vakharia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hamid Rai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elad Levy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David Holmes
- Department of Family Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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14
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Sohail MM. Belief in God's Help During Hepatitis C: A Qualitative Study on Muslim Patients in Pakistan. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:928-945. [PMID: 30229413 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Religious/spiritual beliefs play an important role in nursing of patients during chronic condition. Religion comprises an institutionalized set of transcendent ideas, while spirituality is personal and subjective dimension of religious experience in search of sacred (Hill and Pargament in Psychol Relig Spiritual S(1):3-17, 2008). The prevailing literature describes the influential impact of religiosity/spirituality on coping with chronic disease, but specifically patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) have not been studied in Pakistani context. This study examined the patients' belief in religious/spiritual coping, role of religious/spiritual beliefs and prayer as coping strategy. Furthermore, it explored the importance of religious/spiritual beliefs in diverting attention from pain and other needs of CLD patient. A total of 20 patients with chronic liver disease were selected through an appropriate screening process. Subsequently, in-depth detailed interviews were conducted to gather experiences of the hepatitis patients. Religious/spiritual beliefs put forth multiple positive effects that help in coping with chronic hepatitis C. It has been found that patients of hepatitis C use prayer as a coping strategy. Religious/spiritual beliefs have been found as source of diverting attention from pain for the patients suffering from chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Muhammad Sohail
- University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
- Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Tozzer Anthropology Building, 21 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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15
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Silva GCN, Reis DCD, Miranda TPS, Melo RNR, Coutinho MAP, Paschoal GDS, Chaves ÉDCL. Religious/spiritual coping and spiritual distress in people with cancer. Rev Bras Enferm 2019; 72:1534-1540. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relation between the presence of spiritual distress and use of RSC and sociodemographic, clinical and religious/spiritual variables in people with cancer. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted in an association for support to people with cancer. The data obtained with the tools were analyzed using the Spearman‘s correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney Test. Results: 129 volunteers participated in the study, of which 57% showed moderate spiritual distress, 96% used medium and high positive religious/spiritual coping. Spiritual distress showed positive correlation with negative religious/spiritual coping (P<0.001) and inverse correlation with age (p 0.002). The use of positive religious coping was statistically significant in people who have religious practices (p 0.001). Conclusão: Spiritual distress is a phenomenon that is present in the lives of people with cancer and has significant relation with the use, in a negative manner, of religion/spirituality as a way of coping with the disease.
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Rashidi M, Khodabakhshi-koolaee A, Vahedian Ardakani H. Comparison of Spiritual Experiences and Hope between Breast Cancer Survivors and Healthy Counterparts. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BASIC RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/jcbr.3.2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Martins H, Dias Domingues T, Caldeira S. Spiritual Well-Being in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy in an Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Holist Nurs 2019; 38:68-77. [DOI: 10.1177/0898010119858269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the spiritual well-being (SWB) of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in an outpatient setting. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. A convenience sample of 150 participants was obtained. Data collection instrument was a self-reported questionnaire that included the SWB Questionnaire (SWBQ), whose scores range from 20 to 100. SPSS software, version 21, was used in data analysis. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Results: Patients’ ages ranged between 35 and 83 years; most were female (64.7%), married (68.0%), Catholic (86.7%), and with breast cancer (35.3%) and colorectal cancer (25.3%). The average SWBQ total score was 65.91 ( SD = 12.177). The highest score of the SWBQ was obtained in females, widows and singles, Evangelic and Catholic, and with lower educational level and professional occupation. The Cronbach α was 0.89, and the subscales αs ranged between 0.78 and 0.94. Conclusion: The SWBQ scores were reasonable. These results can guide nurses’ clinical reasoning, as the assessment of SWB may precede the diagnosis of risk for spiritual distress, readiness for enhanced SWB, or spiritual distress. Thus, the use of this instrument may facilitate spirituality being effectively implemented in clinical practice, favoring holistic health care.
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de-Graft Aikins A, Dodoo F, Awuah RB, Owusu-Dabo E, Addo J, Nicolaou M, Beune E, Mockenhaupt FP, Danquah I, Bahendeka S, Meeks K, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Afrifa-Anane E, Smeeth L, Stronks K, Agyemang C. Knowledge and perceptions of type 2 diabetes among Ghanaian migrants in three European countries and Ghanaians in rural and urban Ghana: The RODAM qualitative study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214501. [PMID: 30939148 PMCID: PMC6445464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
African migrants in Europe and continental Africans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both groups develop T2D at a younger age, and have higher morbidity and mortality from T2D and complications, compared to European populations. To reduce risk, and avoidable disability and premature deaths, culturally congruent and context specific interventions are required. This study aimed to: (a) assess perceptions and knowledge of T2D among Ghanaian migrants in Europe and their compatriots in Ghana and (b) identify specific perceptions and knowledge gaps that might predispose migrants to higher risk of diabetes. Data was gathered through 26 focus groups with 180 individuals, aged 21 to 70, from Amsterdam, Berlin and London and rural and urban Ashanti Region, Ghana. Thematic analysis of the data was informed by Social Representations Theory, which focuses on the sources, content and functions of social knowledge. Three key insights emerged from analysis. First, there was general awareness, across migrant and non-migrant groups, of T2D as a serious chronic condition with life threatening complications, and some knowledge of biomedical strategies to prevent diabetes (e.g healthy eating) and diabetes complications (e.g medication adherence). However, knowledge of T2D prevention and reduction of diabetes complications was not comprehensive. Secondly, knowledge of biomedical diabetes theories and interventions co-existed with theories about psychosocial and supernatural causes of diabetes and the efficacy of herbal and faith-based treatment of diabetes. Finally, migrants' knowledge was informed by both Ghanaian and European systems of T2D knowledge suggesting enculturation dynamics. We discuss the development of culturally congruent and context-specific T2D interventions for the research communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ama de-Graft Aikins
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Francis Dodoo
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Juliet Addo
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Beune
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank P. Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charite, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Danquah
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Karlijn Meeks
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kirstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University, Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ernest Afrifa-Anane
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Jones P. Mindfulness Training: Can It Create Superheroes? Front Psychol 2019; 10:613. [PMID: 30971978 PMCID: PMC6443831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of the science of heroism there now exists both theoretical and empirical literature on the characteristics of our everyday hero. We seek to expand this inquiry and ask what could be the causes and conditions of a superhero. To address this we investigate the origins of mindfulness, Buddhist psychology and the assertion that its practitioners who have attained expertise in mindfulness practices can develop supernormal capabilities. Examining first their foundational eight "jhana" states (levels of attention) and the six consequent "abhinnas" (siddhis or special abilities) that arise from such mental mastery, we then explore any evidence that mindfulness practices have unfolded the supernormal potential of its practitioners. We found a growing base of empirical literature suggesting some practitioners exhibit indicators of enhanced functioning including elevated physical health and resistance to disease, increased immunity to aging and improved cognitive processing, greater resilience and fearlessness, more self-less and pro-social behaviors, some control over normally autonomic responses, and possibly some paranormal functionality. These improvements in normal human functioning provide some evidence that there are practices that develop these abilities, and as such we might want to consider adopting them to develop this capability. There are however insufficient studies of expert meditators and more research of adepts is called for that explores the relationship between levels of attentional skill and increases in functionality. We propose in search of the superhero, that if conventional mindfulness training can already augment mental and physical capabilities, a more serious inquiry and translation of its advanced methods into mainstream psychological theory is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jones
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Pilger C, Santos ROPD, Lentsck MH, Marques S, Kusumota L. Spiritual well-being and quality of life of older adults in hemodialysis. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 70:689-696. [PMID: 28793096 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between spiritual well-being, sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health variables and the quality of life of older adults undergoing hemodialysis. Method: This was a cross-sectional and correlational study conducted with 169 older adults undergoing hemodialysis. The researchers conducted interviews to collect sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health data and applied the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and the WHO quality of life assessment (WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD). Results: Most of the older adults attained a moderate level of total spiritual well-being (SWB). In terms of QOL, the psychological domain (66.8; sd=13.9) and social relationships domain (66.8; sd=15.1) presented the highest mean scores. The WHOQOL-BREF domains were positively correlated with the SWB scale, with statistical significance among all domains and subscales except the environmental domain. Conclusion: The QOL of older adults was associated with the construct of SWB, either positively or negatively. Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre o bem-estar espiritual, variáveis sociodemográficas, econômicas, religiosas e de saúde com a qualidade de vida de idosos em tratamento hemodialítico. Método: Estudo transversal e correlacional feito com 169 idosos que realizavam hemodiálise. Foram realizadas entrevistas para caracterização sociodemográfica, econômica, religiosa e de saúde, além de aplicação da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual (EBE) e de Qualidade de vida (QV) (WHOQOL- bref e WHOQOL - Old). Resultados: A maioria dos idosos possuía moderado bem-estar espiritual total (EBE). Com relação à QV, os domínios psicológico (66,8; dp=13,9) e relações sociais (66,8; dp=15,1) apresentaram os maiores escores médios. A correlação dos domínios do WHOQOL- bref com os escores da escala de EBE foi positiva, com significância estatística em todos os domínios e nas subescalas, exceto no domínio meio ambiente. Conclusão; A QV dos idosos está relacionada, seja de forma positiva ou negativa, com o constructo EBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calíope Pilger
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - Regional Catalão, Undergraduate Program in Nursing. Catalão, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sueli Marques
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Department of General and Specialized Nursing. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Kusumota
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Department of General and Specialized Nursing. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Brasileiro TOZ, Prado AADO, Assis BBD, Nogueira DA, Lima RS, Chaves EDCL. Effects of prayer on the vital signs of patients with chronic kidney disease: randomized controlled trial. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2017; 51:e03236. [PMID: 28746558 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2016024603236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of prayer on blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in patients with chronic kidney disease and learn their perception of the intervention. METHOD A randomized controlledtrial, double blind with a sample of volunteers, randomized into an intervention group (n=42) and a control group (n=37). Questionnaires addressing socio-demographic, clinical and spiritual characteristics and the Duke University Religious Index were applied. Blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate were measured. The prayer was conducted at three different moments on alternating weeks. The qualitative data were organized and analyzed through Thematic Analysis. RESULTS The sample consisted of 95 randomized volunteers. In the intra-group analysis, a statistically significant reduction (P<0001) of blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate was observed in all evaluations of the people who were prayed for. The qualitative analysis resulted in the themes Prayer in a "Place of Suffering" and Positive Evaluation and in the sub-themes Relief from Suffering, Hope for Improvement, and Coping with Hemodialysis. CONCLUSIONPrayer reduced blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in patients who suffer from chronic kidney disease, and the volunteers' evaluation of the intervention was positive.BrazilianClinicalTrials Registry: RBR-2zv39y. OBJETIVO Avaliar o efeito da prece sobre a pressão arterial, a frequência cardíaca e respiratória em paciente com insuficiência renal crônica e conhecer sua percepção a respeito da intervenção. MÉTODO Ensaio clínico controlado, randomizado, duplo cego com uma amostra de voluntários, randomizados em grupo intervenção (n=42) e grupo controle (n=37). Foram aplicados, por meio de entrevista, um questionário de características sociodemográficas, clínicas e espirituais e o Índice de Religiosidade da Universidade de Duke, além da mensuração da pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e respiratória. A prece foi ministrada em três momentos diferentes, durantes semanas alternadas. Os dados qualitativos foram organizados e analisados por meio da Análise Temática. RESULTADOS A amostra totalizou 95 voluntários randomizados.Na análiseintragruposfoi observada uma redução estatisticamente significativa (P<0001) dos valores de pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e respiratória em todas as análises das pessoas que receberam a prece. Aanálise qualitativa resultou nos temasA Prece em um "Lugar de Sofrimento" e Avaliação Positiva e nos subtemas Alívio do Sofrimento, Esperança de Superação, Enfrentamento do Tratamento Hemodialítico. CONCLUSÃO A prece reduziu os valores da pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e respiratória de pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica e a avaliação dos voluntários em relação à intervenção foi positiva. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-2zv39y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rogério Silva Lima
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Escola de Enfermagem, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Romeiro J, Caldeira S, Brady V, Timmins F, Hall J. Spiritual aspects of living with infertility: A synthesis of qualitative studies. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:3917-3935. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romeiro
- Institute of Health Sciences; Universidade Católica Portuguesa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Sílvia Caldeira
- Institute of Health Sciences; Universidade Católica Portuguesa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Vivienne Brady
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Fiona Timmins
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Jenny Hall
- Centre of Midwifery, Maternal and Perinatal Health; Faculty of Health and Social Sciences; Bournemouth University; Poole UK
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Special Issue “International Conference of Spirituality in Healthcare. Sowing the Seeds”—Trinity College Dublin 2015. RELIGIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rel7110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Minton ME, Isaacson M, Banik D. Prayer and the Registered Nurse (PRN): nurses' reports of ease and dis-ease with patient-initiated prayer request. J Adv Nurs 2016; 72:2185-95. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Minton
- College of Nursing; South Dakota State University; Brookings South Dakota USA
| | - Mary Isaacson
- College of Nursing; South Dakota State University; Sioux Falls South Dakota USA
| | - Deborah Banik
- College of Nursing; South Dakota State University; Rapid City South Dakota USA
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