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Burrow DT, Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Chilkoti A. Engineering Innovative Interfaces for Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 66:101718. [PMID: 37359425 PMCID: PMC10247612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2023.101718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic illustrates the need for sensitive and reliable tools to diagnose and monitor diseases. Traditional diagnostic approaches rely on centralized laboratory tests that result in long wait times to results and reduce the number of tests that can be given. Point-of-care tests (POCTs) are a group of technologies that miniaturize clinical assays into portable form factors that can be run both in clinical areas --in place of traditional tests-- and outside of traditional clinical settings --to enable new testing paradigms. Hallmark examples of POCTs are the pregnancy test lateral flow assay and the blood glucose meter. Other uses for POCTs include diagnostic assays for diseases like COVID-19, HIV, and malaria but despite some successes, there are still unsolved challenges for fully translating these lower cost and more versatile solutions. To overcome these challenges, researchers have exploited innovations in colloid and interface science to develop various designs of POCTs for clinical applications. Herein, we provide a review of recent advancements in lateral flow assays, other paper based POCTs, protein microarray assays, microbead flow assays, and nucleic acid amplification assays. Features that are desirable to integrate into future POCTs, including simplified sample collection, end-to-end connectivity, and machine learning, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon T Burrow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jacob T Heggestad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - David S Kinnamon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
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2
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De Masi A, Scognamiglio PL, Battista E, Netti PA, Causa F. Hydrogel particles-on-chip (HyPoC): a fluorescence micro-sensor array for IgG immunoassay. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2458-2468. [PMID: 37092599 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Novel microparticles have generated growing interest in diagnostics for potential sensitivity and specificity in biomolecule detection and for the possibility to be integrated in a micro-system array as a lab-on-chip. Indeed, bead-based technologies integrated in microfluidics could speed up incubation steps, reduce reagent consumption and improve accessibility of diagnostic devices to non-expert users. To limit non-specific interactions with interfering molecules and to exploit the whole particle volume for bioconjugation, hydrogel microparticles, particularly polyethylene glycol-based, have emerged as promising materials to develop high-performing biosensors since their network can be functionalized to concentrate the target and improve detection. However, the limitations in positioning, trapping and mainly fine manipulation of a precise number of particles in microfluidics have largely impaired point-of-care applications. Herein, we developed an on-chip sandwich immunoassay for the detection of human immunoglobulin G in biological fluids. The detection system is based on finely engineered cleavable PEG-based microparticles, functionalized with specific monoclonal antibodies. By changing the particle number, we demonstrated tuneable specificity and sensitivity (down to 3 pM) in serum and urine. Therefore, a controlled number of hydrogel particles have been integrated in a microfluidic device for on-chip detection (HyPoC) allowing for their precise positioning and fluid exchange for incubation, washing and target detection. HyPoC dramatically decreases incubation time from 180 minutes to one minute and reduces washing volumes from 3.5 ml to 90 μL, achieving a limit of detection of 0.07 nM (with a dynamic range of 0.07-1 nM). Thus, the developed approach represents a versatile, fast and easy point-of-care testing platform for immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra De Masi
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Edmondo Battista
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Causa
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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3
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Ren AH, Diamandis EP, Kulasingam V. Uncovering the Depths of the Human Proteome: Antibody-based Technologies for Ultrasensitive Multiplexed Protein Detection and Quantification. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100155. [PMID: 34597790 PMCID: PMC9357438 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing the human proteome in tissues and biofluids such as plasma is attractive for biomarker and drug target discovery. Recent breakthroughs in multiplex, antibody-based, proteomics technologies now enable the simultaneous quantification of thousands of proteins at as low as sub fg/ml concentrations with remarkable dynamic ranges of up to 10-log. We herein provide a comprehensive guide to the methodologies, performance, technical comparisons, advantages, and disadvantages of established and emerging technologies for the multiplexed ultrasensitive measurement of proteins. Gaining holistic knowledge on these innovations is crucial for choosing the right multiplexed proteomics tool for applications at hand to critically complement traditional proteomics methods. This can bring researchers closer than ever before to elucidating the intricate inner workings and cross talk that spans multitude of proteins in disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie H Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vathany Kulasingam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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4
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Fan W, Liu D, Ren W, Liu C. Trends of Bead Counting-Based Technologies Toward the Detection of Disease-Related Biomarkers. Front Chem 2021; 8:600317. [PMID: 33409266 PMCID: PMC7779676 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.600317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the biomolecular assay platforms built-up based on bead counting technologies have emerged to be powerful tools for the sensitive and high-throughput detection of disease biomarkers. In this mini-review, we classified the bead counting technologies into statistical counting platforms and digital counting platforms. The design principles, the readout strategies, as well as the pros and cons of these platforms are introduced in detail. Finally, we point out that the digital bead counting technologies will lead the future trend for the absolute quantification of critical biomarkers, and the integration of new signal amplification approaches and routine optical/clinical instruments may provide new opportunities in building-up easily accessible digital assay platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Sankova N, Shalaev P, Semeykina V, Dolgushin S, Odintsova E, Parkhomchuk E. Spectrally encoded microspheres for immunofluorescence analysis. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Sankova
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Group of template synthesis Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Shalaev
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Translational Biomedicine Laboratory Moscow Russian Federation
- Aivok LLC Moscow Russian Federation
- National Research University of Electronic Technology, Institute of Biomedical Systems Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Viktoriya Semeykina
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Group of template synthesis Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Dolgushin
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Translational Biomedicine Laboratory Moscow Russian Federation
- Aivok LLC Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Elena Odintsova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Parkhomchuk
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Group of template synthesis Novosibirsk Russian Federation
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6
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Spychalska K, Zając D, Baluta S, Halicka K, Cabaj J. Functional Polymers Structures for (Bio)Sensing Application-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1154. [PMID: 32443618 PMCID: PMC7285029 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we present polymeric materials for (bio)sensor technology development. We focused on conductive polymers (conjugated microporous polymer, polymer gels), composites, molecularly imprinted polymers and their influence on the design and fabrication of bio(sensors), which in the future could act as lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices. LOC instruments enable us to perform a wide range of analysis away from the stationary laboratory. Characterized polymeric species represent promising candidates in biosensor or sensor technology for LOC development, not only for manufacturing these devices, but also as a surface for biologically active materials' immobilization. The presence of biological compounds can improve the sensitivity and selectivity of analytical tools, which in the case of medical diagnostics is extremely important. The described materials are biocompatible, cost-effective, flexible and are an excellent platform for the anchoring of specific compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Cabaj
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-137 Wrocław, Poland; (K.S.); (D.Z.); (S.B.); (K.H.)
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7
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Christodoulides N, McRae MP, Simmons GW, Modak SS, McDevitt JT. Sensors that Learn: The Evolution from Taste Fingerprints to Patterns of Early Disease Detection. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E251. [PMID: 30995728 PMCID: PMC6523560 DOI: 10.3390/mi10040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The McDevitt group has sustained efforts to develop a programmable sensing platform that offers advanced, multiplexed/multiclass chem-/bio-detection capabilities. This scalable chip-based platform has been optimized to service real-world biological specimens and validated for analytical performance. Fashioned as a sensor that learns, the platform can host new content for the application at hand. Identification of biomarker-based fingerprints from complex mixtures has a direct linkage to e-nose and e-tongue research. Recently, we have moved to the point of big data acquisition alongside the linkage to machine learning and artificial intelligence. Here, exciting opportunities are afforded by multiparameter sensing that mimics the sense of taste, overcoming the limitations of salty, sweet, sour, bitter, and glutamate sensing and moving into fingerprints of health and wellness. This article summarizes developments related to the electronic taste chip system evolving into a platform that digitizes biology and affords clinical decision support tools. A dynamic body of literature and key review articles that have contributed to the shaping of these activities are also highlighted. This fully integrated sensor promises more rapid transition of biomarker panels into wide-spread clinical practice yielding valuable new insights into health diagnostics, benefiting early disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaos Christodoulides
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Bioengineering Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | - Michael P McRae
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Bioengineering Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | - Glennon W Simmons
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Bioengineering Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | - Sayli S Modak
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Bioengineering Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | - John T McDevitt
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Bioengineering Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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8
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Liao Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Miao Y, Gao S, Lin F, Deng Y, Geng L. Microfluidic chip coupled with optical biosensors for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:697-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Lee M, Lim H, Lee J. Fabrication of Artificial Leaf to Develop Fluid Pump Driven by Surface Tension and Evaporation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14735. [PMID: 29116152 PMCID: PMC5676738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants transport water from roots to leaves via xylem through transpiration, which is an evaporation process that occurs at the leaves. During transpiration, suction pressure is generated by the porous structure of mesophyll cells in the leaves. Here, we fabricate artificial leaf consisting of micro and nano hierarchy structures similar to the mesophyll cells and veins of a leaf using cryo-gel method. We show that the microchannels in agarose gel greatly decrease the flow resistance in dye diffusion and permeability experiments. Capillary tube and silicone oil are used for measuring the suction pressure of the artificial leaf. We maintain low humidity (20%) condition for measuring suction pressure that is limited by Laplace pressure, which is smaller than the water potential of air followed by the Kelvin-Laplace relation. Suction pressure of the artificial leaf is maximized by changing physical conditions, e.g., pore size, wettability of the structure. We change the agarose gel’s concentration to decrease the pore size down to 200 nm and add the titanium nano particles to increase the wettability by changing contact angle from 63.6° to 49.4°. As a result, the measured suction pressure of the artificial leaf can be as large as 7.9 kPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minki Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosub Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkee Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Basconi JE, Carta G, Shirts MR. Effects of protein properties on adsorption and transport in polymer‐grafted ion exchangers: A multiscale modeling study. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Basconi
- Dept. of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville VA22904
| | - Giorgio Carta
- Dept. of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville VA22904
| | - Michael R. Shirts
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulder CO80309
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11
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Gregurec D, Velasco-Lozano S, Moya SE, Vázquez L, López-Gallego F. Force spectroscopy predicts thermal stability of immobilized proteins by measuring microbead mechanics. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:8718-8725. [PMID: 27714304 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Optimal immobilization of enzymes on porous microbeads enables the fabrication of highly active and stable heterogeneous biocatalysts to implement biocatalysis in synthetic and analytical chemistry. However, empirical procedures for enzyme immobilization still prevail over rational ones because there is an unmet need for more comprehensive characterization techniques that aid to understand and trace the immobilization process. Here, we present the use of atomic force spectroscopy (AFS) as an innovative solution to indirectly characterize immobilized proteins on porous materials and monitor the immobilization process in real time. We investigate the mechanical properties of porous agarose microbeads immobilizing proteins by indenting a colloidal probe (silica microparticle) into a single bead. AFS demonstrates that the binding of proteins to the solid matrix of an agarose microbead alters its stiffness. Interestingly, we discovered that irreversible and multivalent immobilizations that make microbeads stiffer also stabilize the immobilized proteins against the temperature. Hence, we propose atomic force spectroscopy as a useful technique to indirectly unravel the stability of the immobilized enzymes investigating the mechanics of the heterogenous biocatalysts as a solid biomaterial beyond the intrinsic mechanics of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Gregurec
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, San Sebasitan-Donostia, 20009, Spain and RLE-Bioelectronics Research Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave 8-031, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneus Biocatalysis Group, CIC BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, San Sebasitan-Donostia, 20009, Spain.
| | - Sergio E Moya
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, San Sebasitan-Donostia, 20009, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, C\Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneus Biocatalysis Group, CIC BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, San Sebasitan-Donostia, 20009, Spain. and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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12
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Markwalter CF, Ricks KM, Bitting AL, Mudenda L, Wright DW. Simultaneous capture and sequential detection of two malarial biomarkers on magnetic microparticles. Talanta 2016; 161:443-449. [PMID: 27769430 PMCID: PMC5080451 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid magnetic microparticle-based detection strategy for malarial biomarkers Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (PfHRPII). In this assay, magnetic particles functionalized with antibodies specific for pLDH and PfHRPII as well as detection antibodies with distinct enzymes for each biomarker are added to parasitized lysed blood samples. Sandwich complexes for pLDH and PfHRPII form on the surface of the magnetic beads, which are washed and sequentially re-suspended in detection enzyme substrate for each antigen. The developed simultaneous capture and sequential detection (SCSD) assay detects both biomarkers in samples as low as 2.0 parasites/µl, an order of magnitude below commercially available ELISA kits, has a total incubation time of 35 min, and was found to be reproducible between users over time. This assay provides a simple and efficient alternative to traditional 96-well plate ELISAs, which take 5–8 h to complete and are limited to one analyte. Further, the modularity of the magnetic bead-based SCSD ELISA format could serve as a platform for application to other diseases for which multi-biomarker detection is advantageous. Rapid, magnetic microparticle-based detection of pLDH and PfHRPII from one sample. Detection of both biomarkers is critical in the context of malaria elimination. Total incubation time of 35 min. LODs an order of magnitude below commercial ELISA kits, within asymptomatic regime. Reproducible across users over time, and simple enough for novice users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine F Markwalter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Anna L Bitting
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Lwiindi Mudenda
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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13
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McRae MP, Simmons G, Wong J, McDevitt JT. Programmable Bio-nanochip Platform: A Point-of-Care Biosensor System with the Capacity To Learn. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1359-68. [PMID: 27380817 PMCID: PMC6504240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The combination of point-of-care (POC) medical microdevices and machine learning has the potential transform the practice of medicine. In this area, scalable lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices have many advantages over standard laboratory methods, including faster analysis, reduced cost, lower power consumption, and higher levels of integration and automation. Despite significant advances in LOC technologies over the years, several remaining obstacles are preventing clinical implementation and market penetration of these novel medical microdevices. Similarly, while machine learning has seen explosive growth in recent years and promises to shift the practice of medicine toward data-intensive and evidence-based decision making, its uptake has been hindered due to the lack of integration between clinical measurements and disease determinations. In this Account, we describe recent developments in the programmable bio-nanochip (p-BNC) system, a biosensor platform with the capacity for learning. The p-BNC is a "platform to digitize biology" in which small quantities of patient sample generate immunofluorescent signal on agarose bead sensors that is optically extracted and converted to antigen concentrations. The platform comprises disposable microfluidic cartridges, a portable analyzer, automated data analysis software, and intuitive mobile health interfaces. The single-use cartridges are fully integrated, self-contained microfluidic devices containing aqueous buffers conveniently embedded for POC use. A novel fluid delivery method was developed to provide accurate and repeatable flow rates via actuation of the cartridge's blister packs. A portable analyzer instrument was designed to integrate fluid delivery, optical detection, image analysis, and user interface, representing a universal system for acquiring, processing, and managing clinical data while overcoming many of the challenges facing the widespread clinical adoption of LOC technologies. We demonstrate the p-BNC's flexibility through the completion of multiplex assays within the single-use disposable cartridges for three clinical applications: prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and acute myocardial infarction. Toward the goal of creating "sensors that learn", we have developed and describe here the Cardiac ScoreCard, a clinical decision support system for a spectrum of cardiovascular disease. The Cardiac ScoreCard approach comprises a comprehensive biomarker panel and risk factor information in a predictive model capable of assessing early risk and late-stage disease progression for heart attack and heart failure patients. These marker-driven tests have the potential to radically reduce costs, decrease wait times, and introduce new options for patients needing regular health monitoring. Further, these efforts demonstrate the clinical utility of fusing data from information-rich biomarkers and the Internet of Things (IoT) using predictive analytics to generate single-index assessments for wellness/illness status. By promoting disease prevention and personalized wellness management, tools of this nature have the potential to improve health care exponentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. McRae
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Glennon Simmons
- Department of Biomaterials, Bioengineering Institute, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Jorge Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - John T. McDevitt
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Biomaterials, Bioengineering Institute, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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14
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McRae MP, Bozkurt B, Ballantyne CM, Sanchez X, Christodoulides N, Simmons G, Nambi V, Misra A, Miller CS, Ebersole JL, Campbell C, McDevitt JT. Cardiac ScoreCard: A Diagnostic Multivariate Index Assay System for Predicting a Spectrum of Cardiovascular Disease. EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2016; 54:136-147. [PMID: 31467464 PMCID: PMC6715313 DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have the potential to save lives and reduce unnecessary costs through early detection and frequent monitoring of both traditional risk factors and novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the widespread adoption of CDSSs for the identification of heart diseases has been limited, likely due to the poor interpretability of clinically relevant results and the lack of seamless integration between measurements and disease predictions. In this paper we present the Cardiac ScoreCard-a multivariate index assay system with the potential to assist in the diagnosis and prognosis of a spectrum of CVD. The Cardiac ScoreCard system is based on lasso logistic regression techniques which utilize both patient demographics and novel biomarker data for the prediction of heart failure (HF) and cardiac wellness. Lasso logistic regression models were trained on a merged clinical dataset comprising 579 patients with 6 traditional risk factors and 14 biomarker measurements. The prediction performance of the Cardiac ScoreCard was assessed with 5-fold cross-validation and compared with reference methods. The experimental results reveal that the ScoreCard models improved performance in discriminating disease versus non-case (AUC = 0.8403 and 0.9412 for cardiac wellness and HF, respectively), and the models exhibit good calibration. Clinical insights to the prediction of HF and cardiac wellness are provided in the form of logistic regression coefficients which suggest that augmenting the traditional risk factors with a multimarker panel spanning a diverse cardiovascular pathophysiology provides improved performance over reference methods. Additionally, a framework is provided for seamless integration with biomarker measurements from point-of-care medical microdevices, and a lasso-based feature selection process is described for the down-selection of biomarkers in multimarker panels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biykem Bozkurt
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ximena Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicolaos Christodoulides
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Glennon Simmons
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijay Nambi
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Craig S. Miller
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charles Campbell
- Department of Cardiology, Erlanger Health System, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - John T. McDevitt
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Cunningham JC, DeGregory PR, Crooks RM. New Functionalities for Paper-Based Sensors Lead to Simplified User Operation, Lower Limits of Detection, and New Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:183-202. [PMID: 27049635 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, paper analytical devices (PADs) have evolved into sophisticated yet simple sensors with biological and environmental applications in the developed and developing world. The focus of this review is the technological improvements that have over the past five years increased the applicability of PADs to real-world problems. Specifically, this review reports on advances in sample processing, fluid flow control, signal amplification, and component integration. Throughout, we have sought to emphasize advances that retain the main virtues of PADs: low cost, portability, and simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul R DeGregory
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224;
| | - Richard M Crooks
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224;
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16
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Gugliuzza A, Perrotta ML, Drioli E. Controlled Bulk Properties of Composite Polymeric Solutions for Extensive Structural Order of Honeycomb Polysulfone Membranes. MEMBRANES 2016; 6:membranes6020027. [PMID: 27196938 PMCID: PMC4931522 DOI: 10.3390/membranes6020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This work provides additional insights into the identification of operating conditions necessary to overcome a current limitation to the scale-up of the breath figure method, which is regarded as an outstanding manufacturing approach for structurally ordered porous films. The major restriction concerns, indeed, uncontrolled touching droplets at the boundary. Herein, the bulk of polymeric solutions are properly managed to generate honeycomb membranes with a long-range structurally ordered texture. Water uptake and dynamics are explored as chemical environments are changed with the intent to modify the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and local water floatation. In this context, a model surfactant such as the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate is used in combination with alcohols at different chain length extents and a traditional polymer such as the polyethersufone. Changes in the interfacial tension and kinematic viscosity taking place in the bulk of composite solutions are explored and examined in relation to competitive droplet nucleation and growth rate. As a result, extensive structurally ordered honeycomb textures are obtained with the rising content of the surfactant while a broad range of well-sized pores is targeted as a function of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance and viscosity of the composite polymeric mixture. The experimental findings confirm the consistency of the approach and are expected to give propulsion to the commercially production of breath figures films shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarosa Gugliuzza
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende (CS) 87036, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Perrotta
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende (CS) 87036, Italy.
| | - Enrico Drioli
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende (CS) 87036, Italy.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 33C, Rende (CS) 87036, Italy.
- WCU Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul OK763, Korea.
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17
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Kahanovitz L, Seker E, Marks RS, Yarmush ML, Konry T, Russell SJ. Development of a Microsphere-Based System to Facilitate Real-Time Insulin Monitoring. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2016; 10:689-96. [PMID: 26721524 PMCID: PMC5038538 DOI: 10.1177/1932296815625081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The speed of insulin absorption after subcutaneous delivery is highly variable. Incorrect assumptions about insulin pharmacokinetics compromise effective glycemic regulation. Our ultimate goal is to develop a system to monitor insulin levels in vivo continuously, allowing pharmacokinetic parameters to be calculated in real time. We hypothesize that a bead-based detection system can be run on a flow-through microfluidic platform to measure insulin in subcutaneous fluid sampled via microdialysis. As a first step in development, we focused on microsphere-based measurement of insulin. METHODS Polystyrene microspheres coated with an anti-insulin monoclonal antibody were exposed to insulin-containing solutions, and after addition of a fluorescently labeled anti-insulin monoclonal antibody with a distinct epitope, bead-associated fluorescence was detected by fluorescence microscopy in 96-well plates or in a flow-through, microfluidic platform. RESULTS The bead detection system in plates had a linear range in buffer for regular human insulin (RHI), insulin lispro, and insulin aspart of 15-1115 µIU/ml, 14-976 µIU/ml, and 25-836 µIU/ml, respectively. Measurement on plasma samples demonstrated proportionality between basal and peak insulin levels similar to the laboratory reference method. Preliminary results in a polydimethylsiloxane-based, flow-through, microfluidic platform showed a strong signal at peak insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a microsphere-based system to rapidly measure levels of insulin and insulin analogs. We have further demonstrated proof of concept that this bead detection system can be implemented in a lab-on-a-chip format, which will be further developed and combined with microdialysis for real-time monitoring of insulin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy Kahanovitz
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Diabetes Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erkin Seker
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Institute, Boston, MA, USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert S Marks
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tania Konry
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Institute, Boston, MA, USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven J Russell
- Diabetes Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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McRae MP, Simmons G, McDevitt JT. Challenges and opportunities for translating medical microdevices: insights from the programmable bio-nano-chip. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:905-19. [PMID: 27071710 PMCID: PMC4870725 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2015-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective highlights the major challenges for the bioanalytical community, in particular the area of lab-on-a-chip sensors, as they relate to point-of-care diagnostics. There is a strong need for general-purpose and universal biosensing platforms that can perform multiplexed and multiclass assays on real-world clinical samples. However, the adoption of novel lab-on-a-chip/microfluidic devices has been slow as several key challenges remain for the translation of these new devices to clinical practice. A pipeline of promising medical microdevice technologies will be made possible by addressing the challenges of integration, failure to compete with cost and performance of existing technologies, requisite for new content, and regulatory approval and clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P McRae
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Glennon Simmons
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John T McDevitt
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Comina G, Suska A, Filippini D. Towards autonomous lab-on-a-chip devices for cell phone biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 77:1153-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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20
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Van Dorst B, Brivio M, Van Der Sar E, Blom M, Reuvekamp S, Tanzi S, Groenhuis R, Adojutelegan A, Lous EJ, Frederix F, Stuyver LJ. Integration of an optical CMOS sensor with a microfluidic channel allows a sensitive readout for biological assays in point-of-care tests. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 78:126-131. [PMID: 26599482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, a microfluidic detection module, which allows a sensitive readout of biological assays in point-of-care (POC) tests, is presented. The proposed detection module consists of a microfluidic flow cell with an integrated Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS)-based single photon counting optical sensor. Due to the integrated sensor-based readout, the detection module could be implemented as the core technology in stand-alone POC tests, for use in mobile or rural settings. The performance of the detection module was demonstrated in three assays: a peptide, a protein and an antibody detection assay. The antibody detection assay with readout in the detection module proved to be 7-fold more sensitive that the traditional colorimetric plate-based ELISA. The protein and peptide assay showed a lower limit of detection (LLOD) of 200 fM and 460 fM respectively. Results demonstrate that the sensitivity of the immunoassays is comparable with lab-based immunoassays and at least equal or better than current mainstream POC devices. This sensitive readout holds the potential to develop POC tests, which are able to detect low concentrations of biomarkers. This will broaden the diagnostic capabilities at the clinician's office and at patient's home, where currently only the less sensitive lateral flow and dipstick POC tests are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marko Blom
- Micronit Microfluidics, Twente, The Netherlands
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21
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McRae MP, Simmons GW, Wong J, Shadfan B, Gopalkrishnan S, Christodoulides N, McDevitt JT. Programmable bio-nano-chip system: a flexible point-of-care platform for bioscience and clinical measurements. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:4020-31. [PMID: 26308851 PMCID: PMC4589532 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00636h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of integrated instrumentation for universal bioassay systems serves as a key goal for the lab-on-a-chip community. The programmable bio-nano-chip (p-BNC) system is a versatile multiplexed and multiclass chemical- and bio-sensing system for bioscience and clinical measurements. The system is comprised of two main components, a disposable cartridge and a portable analyzer. The customizable single-use plastic cartridges, which now can be manufactured in high volumes using injection molding, are designed for analytical performance, ease of use, reproducibility, and low cost. These labcard devices implement high surface area nano-structured biomarker capture elements that enable high performance signaling and are index-matched to real-world biological specimens. This detection modality, along with the convenience of on-chip fluid storage in blisters and self-contained waste, represents a standard process to digitize biological signatures at the point-of-care. A companion portable analyzer prototype has been developed to integrate fluid motivation, optical detection, and automated data analysis, and it serves as the human interface for complete assay automation. In this report, we provide a systems-level perspective of the p-BNC universal biosensing platform with an emphasis on flow control, device integration, and automation. To demonstrate the flexibility of the p-BNC, we distinguish diseased and non-case patients across three significant disease applications: prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and acute myocardial infarction. Progress towards developing a rapid 7 minute myoglobin assay is presented using the fully automated p-BNC system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glennon. W. Simmons
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Jorge Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Basil Shadfan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | | | - Nicolaos Christodoulides
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - John T. McDevitt
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, U.S.A
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22
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Kulla E, Chou J, Simmons G, Wong J, McRae MP, Patel R, Floriano PN, Christodoulides N, Leach RJ, Thompson IM, McDevitt JT. Enhancement of performance in porous bead-based microchip sensors: Effects of chip geometry on bio-agent capture. RSC Adv 2015; 5:48194-48206. [PMID: 26097696 PMCID: PMC4470495 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07910a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring low concentrations of clinically-important biomarkers using porous bead-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platforms is critical for the successful implementation of point-of-care (POC) devices. One way to meet this objective is to optimize the geometry of the bead holder, referred to here as a micro-container. In this work, two geometric micro-containers were explored, the inverted pyramid frustum (PF) and the inverted clipped pyramid frustum (CPF). Finite element models of this bead array assay system were developed to optimize the micro-container and bead geometries for increased pressure, to increase analyte capture in porous bead-based fluorescence immunoassays. Custom micro-milled micro-container structures containing an inverted CPF geometry resulted in a 28% reduction in flow-through regions from traditional anisotropically-etched pyramidal geometry derived from Si-111 termination layers. This novel "reduced flow-through" design resulted in a 33% increase in analyte penetration into the bead and twofold increase in fluorescence signal intensity as demonstrated with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) antigen, an important biomarker of inflammation. A consequent twofold decrease in the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of a proof-of-concept assay for the free isoform of Prostate-Specific Antigen (free PSA), an important biomarker for prostate cancer detection, is also presented. Furthermore, a 53% decrease in the bead diameter is shown to result in a 160% increase in pressure and 2.5-fold increase in signal, as estimated by COMSOL models and confirmed experimentally by epi-fluorescence microscopy. Such optimizations of the bead micro-container and bead geometries have the potential to significantly reduce the LODs and reagent costs for spatially programmed bead-based assay systems of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliona Kulla
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Jie Chou
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Glennon Simmons
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Jorge Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Michael P. McRae
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Rushi Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | | | - Nicolaos Christodoulides
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Robin J. Leach
- Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Ian M. Thompson
- Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - John T. McDevitt
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
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23
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McDevitt JT, McRae MP, Simmons GW, Christodoulides N. Programmable bio-nano-chip system: a flexible diagnostic platform that learns. JOURNAL OF BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 2015; 6:e137. [PMID: 30918744 PMCID: PMC6432931 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6210.1000e137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John T McDevitt
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael P McRae
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Glennon W Simmons
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicolaos Christodoulides
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Atom transfer radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate followed by amination on the surface of monodispersed highly crosslinked polymer microspheres and the study of cation adsorption. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Rödiger S, Liebsch C, Schmidt C, Lehmann W, Resch-Genger U, Schedler U, Schierack P. Nucleic acid detection based on the use of microbeads: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Kirleis MA, Mathews SA, Verbarg J, Erickson JS, Piqué A. Reconfigurable acquisition system with integrated optics for a portable flow cytometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:115109. [PMID: 24289439 DOI: 10.1063/1.4831835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Portable and inexpensive scientific instruments that are capable of performing point of care diagnostics are needed for applications such as disease detection and diagnosis in resource-poor settings, for water quality and food supply monitoring, and for biosurveillance activities in autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we describe the development of a compact flow cytometer built from three separate, customizable, and interchangeable modules. The instrument as configured in this work is being developed specifically for the detection of selected Centers for Disease Control (CDC) category B biothreat agents through a bead-based assay: E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Listeria, and Shigella. It has two-color excitation, three-color fluorescence and light scattering detection, embedded electronics, and capillary based flow. However, these attributes can be easily modified for other applications such as cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counting. Proof of concept is demonstrated through a 6-plex bead assay with the results compared to a commercially available benchtop-sized instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kirleis
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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