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Yang Q, Al Mamun A, Reza MNH, Naznen F. Modelling the significance of value-belief-norm framework to predict mass adoption potentials of internet of things-enabled wearable fitness devices. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30179. [PMID: 38737228 PMCID: PMC11088247 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-health monitoring technologies have become increasingly popular in averting unanticipated health complications. However, the adoption rate of such technologies in developing countries is surprisingly low. Furthermore, empirical studies on the application of the value-belief-norm (VBN) model to elucidate intention to use IoT-enabled wearable fitness devices (IoT-enabled WFDs) are scarce. This study aimed to expand the VBN model by integrating health values, health consciousness, health knowledge-seeking, and social norms as influencing constructs. The proposed holistic framework was empirically tested to examine these constructs on users' decision-making process of adopting IoT-enabled WFDs. A web-based survey involving 866 adults in China aged 18-30 years was conducted. The gathered data were analysed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling. The results revealed the significant influence of health consciousness and health knowledge-seeking on personal health beliefs, as well as the favourable impact of personal health beliefs on personal norms and awareness of consequences. The results further demonstrated the substantial influence of awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibilities on personal norms. Besides that, personal norms and societal norms were found to have strong influence on the intention to adopt IoT-enabled WFDs, which was revealed to have significant influence on the actual usage. This study's findings offer novel theoretical insights on the behavioural characteristics of adopting IoT-enabled WFDs and serve as a practical guideline for industry experts and marketers to establish appropriate marketing strategies to support the IoT-enabled wearable sector. The findings also benefit policymakers in their efforts of developing strategies that emphasise the unique benefits of self-healthcare monitoring to encourage active lifestyle and decrease obesity and overweight-related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- UKM - Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- UKM - Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Nurul Hassan Reza
- UKM - Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Farzana Naznen
- UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSI University, Malaysia. No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights (Taman Connaught), Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hindelang M, Wecker H, Biedermann T, Zink A. Continuously monitoring the human machine? - A cross-sectional study to assess the acceptance of wearables in Germany. Health Informatics J 2024; 30:14604582241260607. [PMID: 38900846 DOI: 10.1177/14604582241260607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Background: Wearables have the potential to transform healthcare by enabling early detection and monitoring of chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess wearables' acceptance, usage, and reasons for non-use. Methods: Anonymous questionnaires were used to collect data in Germany on wearable ownership, usage behaviour, acceptance of health monitoring, and willingness to share data. Results: Out of 643 respondents, 550 participants provided wearable acceptance data. The average age was 36.6 years, with 51.3% female and 39.6% residing in rural areas. Overall, 33.8% reported wearing a wearable, primarily smartwatches or fitness wristbands. Men (63.3%) and women (57.8%) expressed willingness to wear a sensor for health monitoring, and 61.5% were open to sharing data with healthcare providers. Concerns included data security, privacy, and perceived lack of need. Conclusion: The study highlights the acceptance and potential of wearables, particularly for health monitoring and data sharing with healthcare providers. Addressing data security and privacy concerns could enhance the adoption of innovative wearables, such as implants, for early detection and monitoring of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hindelang
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Wecker
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Cruz A, Dias EM, Scoton MLD, Branco BHM. Health 4.0 in the medical sector: a narrative review. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20231149. [PMID: 38511760 PMCID: PMC10941873 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20231149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Cruz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Institute of Radiology, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mário Dias
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Polytechnic School, Department of Electrical Energy Engineering and Automation – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Maria Lídia Dias Scoton
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Electrical Automation in Industrial Systems Group – São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Campesi I, Franconi F, Serra PA. The Appropriateness of Medical Devices Is Strongly Influenced by Sex and Gender. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:234. [PMID: 38398743 PMCID: PMC10890141 DOI: 10.3390/life14020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Until now, research has been performed mainly in men, with a low recruitment of women; consequentially, biological, physiological, and physio-pathological mechanisms are less understood in women. Obviously, without data obtained on women, it is impossible to apply the results of research appropriately to women. This issue also applies to medical devices (MDs), and numerous problems linked to scarce pre-market research and clinical trials on MDs were evidenced after their introduction to the market. Globally, some MDs are less efficient in women than in men and sometimes MDs are less safe for women than men, although recently there has been a small but significant decrease in the sex and gender gap. As an example, cardiac resynchronization defibrillators seem to produce more beneficial effects in women than in men. It is also important to remember that MDs can impact the health of healthcare providers and this could occur in a sex- and gender-dependent manner. Recently, MDs' complexity is rising, and to ensure their appropriate use they must have a sex-gender-sensitive approach. Unfortunately, the majority of physicians, healthcare providers, and developers of MDs still believe that the human population is only constituted by men. Therefore, to overcome the gender gap, a real collaboration between the inventors of MDs, health researchers, and health providers should be established to test MDs in female and male tissues, animals, and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Campesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Pier Andrea Serra
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
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Cao YT, Zhao XX, Yang YT, Zhu SJ, Zheng LD, Ying T, Sha Z, Zhu R, Wu T. Potential of electronic devices for detection of health problems in older adults at home: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 51:54-64. [PMID: 36893611 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to evaluate the overall diagnostic performance of e-devices for detection of health problems in older adults at home. METHODS A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. RESULTS 31 studies were included with 24 studies included in meta-analysis. The included studies were divided into four categories according to the signals detected: physical activity (PA), vital signs (VS), electrocardiography (ECG) and other. The meta-analysis showed the pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were 0.94 and 0.98 respectively in the 'VS' group. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.97 and 0.98 respectively in the 'ECG' group. CONCLUSIONS All kinds of e-devices perform well in diagnosing the common health problems. While ECG-based health problems detection system is more reliable than VS-based ones. For sole signal detection system has limitation in diagnosing specific health problems, more researches should focus on developing new systems combined of multiple signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Cao
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yi-Ting Yang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Liang-Dong Zheng
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Ying
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 201318 Shanghai, China
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Benchekroun M, Velmovitsky PE, Istrate D, Zalc V, Morita PP, Lenne D. Cross Dataset Analysis for Generalizability of HRV-Based Stress Detection Models. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23041807. [PMID: 36850407 PMCID: PMC9960690 DOI: 10.3390/s23041807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress is an increasingly prevalent mental health condition across the world. In Europe, for example, stress is considered one of the most common health problems, and over USD 300 billion are spent on stress treatments annually. Therefore, monitoring, identification and prevention of stress are of the utmost importance. While most stress monitoring is carried out through self-reporting, there are now several studies on stress detection from physiological signals using Artificial Intelligence algorithms. However, the generalizability of these models is only rarely discussed. The main goal of this work is to provide a monitoring proof-of-concept tool exploring the generalization capabilities of Heart Rate Variability-based machine learning models. To this end, two Machine Learning models are used, Logistic Regression and Random Forest to analyze and classify stress in two datasets differing in terms of protocol, stressors and recording devices. First, the models are evaluated using leave-one-subject-out cross-validation with train and test samples from the same dataset. Next, a cross-dataset validation of the models is performed, that is, leave-one-subject-out models trained on a Multi-modal Dataset for Real-time, Continuous Stress Detection from Physiological Signals dataset and validated using the University of Waterloo stress dataset. While both logistic regression and random forest models achieve good classification results in the independent dataset analysis, the random forest model demonstrates better generalization capabilities with a stable F1 score of 61%. This indicates that the random forest can be used to generalize HRV-based stress detection models, which can lead to better analyses in the mental health and medical research field through training and integrating different models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Benchekroun
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Lab, University of Technology of Compiègne (UMR CNRS 7338), 60200 Compiègne, France
- Heudiasyc Lab (Heuristics and Diagnosis of Complex Systems), University of Technology of Compiègne (UMR CNRS 7338), 60200 Compiègne, France
| | - Pedro Elkind Velmovitsky
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dan Istrate
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Lab, University of Technology of Compiègne (UMR CNRS 7338), 60200 Compiègne, France
| | - Vincent Zalc
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Lab, University of Technology of Compiègne (UMR CNRS 7338), 60200 Compiègne, France
| | - Plinio Pelegrini Morita
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2J 0E2, Canada
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Dominique Lenne
- Heudiasyc Lab (Heuristics and Diagnosis of Complex Systems), University of Technology of Compiègne (UMR CNRS 7338), 60200 Compiègne, France
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Félix J, Moreira J, Santos R, Kontio E, Pinheiro AR, Sousa ASP. Health-Related Telemonitoring Parameters/Signals of Older Adults: An Umbrella Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:796. [PMID: 36679588 PMCID: PMC9862356 DOI: 10.3390/s23020796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the greatest challenges in modern society. The development of wearable solutions for telemonitoring biological signals has been viewed as a strategy to enhance older adults' healthcare sustainability. This study aims to review the biological signals remotely monitored by technologies in older adults. PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Web of Science, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports were systematically searched in December 2021. Only systematic reviews and meta-analyses of remote health-related biological and environmental monitoring signals in older adults were considered, with publication dates between 2016 and 2022, written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Studies referring to conference proceedings or articles with abstract access only were excluded. The data were extracted independently by two reviewers, using a predefined table form, consulting a third reviewer in case of doubts or concerns. Eighteen studies were included, fourteen systematic reviews and four meta-analyses. Nine of the reviews included older adults from the community, whereas the others also included institutionalized participants. Heart and respiratory rate, physical activity, electrocardiography, body temperature, blood pressure, glucose, and heart rate were the most frequently measured biological variables, with physical activity and heart rate foremost. These were obtained through wearables, with the waist, wrist, and ankle being the most mentioned body regions for the device's placement. Six of the reviews presented the psychometric properties of the systems, most of which were valid and accurate. In relation to environmental signals, only two articles presented data on this topic. Luminosity, temperature, and movement were the most mentioned variables. The need for large-scale long-term health-related telemonitoring implementation of studies with larger sample sizes was pointed out by several reviews in order to define the feasibility levels of wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Félix
- Department of Physics, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Juliana Moreira
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rubim Santos
- Department of Physics, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Elina Kontio
- Faculty of Engineering and Business, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Joukahaisenkatu 3, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Ana Rita Pinheiro
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia S. P. Sousa
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Guo CC, Chiesa PA, de Moor C, Fazeli MS, Schofield T, Hofer K, Belachew S, Scotland A. Digital Devices for Assessing Motor Functions in Mobility-Impaired and Healthy Populations: Systematic Literature Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e37683. [DOI: 10.2196/37683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
With the advent of smart sensing technology, mobile and wearable devices can provide continuous and objective monitoring and assessment of motor function outcomes.
Objective
We aimed to describe the existing scientific literature on wearable and mobile technologies that are being used or tested for assessing motor functions in mobility-impaired and healthy adults and to evaluate the degree to which these devices provide clinically valid measures of motor function in these populations.
Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted by searching Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL (January 1, 2015, to June 24, 2020), the United States and European Union clinical trial registries, and the United States Food and Drug Administration website using predefined study selection criteria. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by 2 independent reviewers.
Results
A total of 91 publications representing 87 unique studies were included. The most represented clinical conditions were Parkinson disease (n=51 studies), followed by stroke (n=5), Huntington disease (n=5), and multiple sclerosis (n=2). A total of 42 motion-detecting devices were identified, and the majority (n=27, 64%) were created for the purpose of health care–related data collection, although approximately 25% were personal electronic devices (eg, smartphones and watches) and 11% were entertainment consoles (eg, Microsoft Kinect or Xbox and Nintendo Wii). The primary motion outcomes were related to gait (n=30), gross motor movements (n=25), and fine motor movements (n=23). As a group, sensor-derived motion data showed a mean sensitivity of 0.83 (SD 7.27), a mean specificity of 0.84 (SD 15.40), a mean accuracy of 0.90 (SD 5.87) in discriminating between diseased individuals and healthy controls, and a mean Pearson r validity coefficient of 0.52 (SD 0.22) relative to clinical measures. We did not find significant differences in the degree of validity between in-laboratory and at-home sensor-based assessments nor between device class (ie, health care–related device, personal electronic devices, and entertainment consoles).
Conclusions
Sensor-derived motion data can be leveraged to classify and quantify disease status for a variety of neurological conditions. However, most of the recent research on digital clinical measures is derived from proof-of-concept studies with considerable variation in methodological approaches, and much of the reviewed literature has focused on clinical validation, with less than one-quarter of the studies performing analytical validation. Overall, future research is crucially needed to further consolidate that sensor-derived motion data may lead to the development of robust and transformative digital measurements intended to predict, diagnose, and quantify neurological disease state and its longitudinal change.
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Pohl J, Ryser A, Veerbeek JM, Verheyden G, Vogt JE, Luft AR, Easthope CA. Accuracy of gait and posture classification using movement sensors in individuals with mobility impairment after stroke. Front Physiol 2022; 13:933987. [PMID: 36225292 PMCID: PMC9549863 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.933987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke leads to motor impairment which reduces physical activity, negatively affects social participation, and increases the risk of secondary cardiovascular events. Continuous monitoring of physical activity with motion sensors is promising to allow the prescription of tailored treatments in a timely manner. Accurate classification of gait activities and body posture is necessary to extract actionable information for outcome measures from unstructured motion data. We here develop and validate a solution for various sensor configurations specifically for a stroke population.Methods: Video and movement sensor data (locations: wrists, ankles, and chest) were collected from fourteen stroke survivors with motor impairment who performed real-life activities in their home environment. Video data were labeled for five classes of gait and body postures and three classes of transitions that served as ground truth. We trained support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) models to identify gait bouts only or gait and posture. Model performance was assessed by the nested leave-one-subject-out protocol and compared across five different sensor placement configurations.Results: Our method achieved very good performance when predicting real-life gait versus non-gait (Gait classification) with an accuracy between 85% and 93% across sensor configurations, using SVM and LR modeling. On the much more challenging task of discriminating between the body postures lying, sitting, and standing as well as walking, and stair ascent/descent (Gait and postures classification), our method achieves accuracies between 80% and 86% with at least one ankle and wrist sensor attached unilaterally. The Gait and postures classification performance between SVM and LR was equivalent but superior to kNN.Conclusion: This work presents a comparison of performance when classifying Gait and body postures in post-stroke individuals with different sensor configurations, which provide options for subsequent outcome evaluation. We achieved accurate classification of gait and postures performed in a real-life setting by individuals with a wide range of motor impairments due to stroke. This validated classifier will hopefully prove a useful resource to researchers and clinicians in the increasingly important field of digital health in the form of remote movement monitoring using motion sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pohl
- Department of Neurology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Johannes Pohl,
| | - Alain Ryser
- Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Geert Verheyden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Andreas Rüdiger Luft
- Department of Neurology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cereneo, Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - Chris Awai Easthope
- Cereneo Foundation, Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CEFIR), Vitznau, Switzerland
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Koch M, Matzke I, Huhn S, Gunga HC, Maggioni MA, Munga S, Obor D, Sié A, Boudo V, Bunker A, Dambach P, Bärnighausen T, Barteit S. Wearables for Measuring Health Effects of Climate Change–Induced Weather Extremes: Scoping Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022; 10:e39532. [PMID: 36083624 PMCID: PMC9508665 DOI: 10.2196/39532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Although climate change is one of the biggest global health threats, individual-level and short-term data on direct exposure and health impacts are still scarce. Wearable electronic devices (wearables) present a potential solution to this research gap. Wearables have become widely accepted in various areas of health research for ecological momentary assessment, and some studies have used wearables in the field of climate change and health. However, these studies vary in study design, demographics, and outcome variables, and existing research has not been mapped.
Objective
In this review, we aimed to map existing research on wearables used to detect direct health impacts and individual exposure during climate change–induced weather extremes, such as heat waves or wildfires.
Methods
We conducted a scoping review according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) framework and systematically searched 6 databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], IEEE Xplore, CINAHL [EBSCOhost], WoS, Scopus, Ovid [MEDLINE], and Google Scholar). The search yielded 1871 results. Abstracts and full texts were screened by 2 reviewers (MK and IM) independently using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria comprised studies published since 2010 that used off-the-shelf wearables that were neither invasive nor obtrusive to the user in the setting of climate change–related weather extremes. Data were charted using a structured form, and the study outcomes were narratively synthesized.
Results
The review included 55,284 study participants using wearables in 53 studies. Most studies were conducted in upper–middle-income and high-income countries (50/53, 94%) in urban environments (25/53, 47%) or in a climatic chamber (19/53, 36%) and assessed the health effects of heat exposure (52/53, 98%). The majority reported adverse health effects of heat exposure on sleep, physical activity, and heart rate. The remaining studies assessed occupational heat stress or compared individual- and area-level heat exposure. In total, 26% (14/53) of studies determined that all examined wearables were valid and reliable for measuring health parameters during heat exposure when compared with standard methods.
Conclusions
Wearables have been used successfully in large-scale research to measure the health implications of climate change–related weather extremes. More research is needed in low-income countries and vulnerable populations with pre-existing conditions. In addition, further research could focus on the health impacts of other climate change–related conditions and the effectiveness of adaptation measures at the individual level to such weather extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Koch
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Matzke
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sophie Huhn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environment Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Anna Maggioni
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environment Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - David Obor
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Ali Sié
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre de Recherche en Santé, Nouna, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Aditi Bunker
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter Dambach
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Sandra Barteit
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Ruyobeza B, Grobbelaar SS, Botha A. Hurdles to developing and scaling remote patients' health management tools and systems: a scoping review. Syst Rev 2022; 11:179. [PMID: 36042505 PMCID: PMC9427160 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite all the excitement and hype generated regarding the expected transformative impact of digital technology on the healthcare industry, traditional healthcare systems around the world have largely remained unchanged and resultant improvements in developed countries are slower than anticipated. One area which was expected to significantly improve the quality of and access to primary healthcare services in particular is remote patient monitoring and management. Based on a combination of rapid advances in body sensors and information and communication technologies (ICT), it was hoped that remote patient management tools and systems (RPMTSs) would significantly reduce the care burden on traditional healthcare systems as well as health-related costs. However, the uptake or adoption of above systems has been extremely slow and their roll out has not yet properly taken off especially in developing countries where they ought to have made the greatest positive impact. AIM The aim of the study was to assess whether or not recent, relevant literature would support the development of in-community, design, deployment and implementation framework based on three factors thought to be important drivers and levers of RPMTS's adoption and scalability. METHODS A rapid, scoping review conducted on relevant articles obtained from PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC and Cochrane databases and grey literature on Google and published between 2012 and May 2020, by combining a number of relevant search terms and phrases. RESULTS Most RPMTSs are targeted at and focused on a single disease, do not extensively involve patients and clinicians in their early planning and design phases, are not designed to best serve a specific catchment area and are mainly directed at post-hospital, disease management settings. This may be leading to a situation where patients, potential patients and clinicians simply do not make use of these tools, leading to low adoption and scalability thereof. CONCLUSION The development of a user-centred, context-dependent, customizable design and deployment framework could potentially increase the adoption and scalability of RPMTSs, if such framework addressed a combination of diseases, prevalent in a given specific catchment area, especially in developing countries with limited financial resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barimwotubiri Ruyobeza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Sara S Grobbelaar
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, South Africa AND DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (SciSTIP), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Adele Botha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University and CSIR Next Generation Enterprises and Institutions, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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12
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Paganelli AI, Velmovitsky PE, Miranda P, Branco A, Alencar P, Cowan D, Endler M, Morita PP. A conceptual IoT-based early-warning architecture for remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients in wards and at home. INTERNET OF THINGS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 18:100399. [PMID: 38620637 PMCID: PMC8023791 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2021.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, health services around the globe are struggling. An effective system for monitoring patients can improve healthcare delivery by avoiding in-person contacts, enabling early-detection of severe cases, and remotely assessing patients' status. Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have been used for monitoring patients' health with wireless wearable sensors in different scenarios and medical conditions, such as noncommunicable and infectious diseases. Combining IoT-related technologies with early-warning scores (EWS) commonly utilized in infirmaries has the potential to enhance health services delivery significantly. Specifically, the NEWS-2 has been showing remarkable results in detecting the health deterioration of COVID-19 patients. Although the literature presents several approaches for remote monitoring, none of these studies proposes a customized, complete, and integrated architecture that uses an effective early-detection mechanism for COVID-19 and that is flexible enough to be used in hospital wards and at home. Therefore, this article's objective is to present a comprehensive IoT-based conceptual architecture that addresses the key requirements of scalability, interoperability, network dynamics, context discovery, reliability, and privacy in the context of remote health monitoring of COVID-19 patients in hospitals and at home. Since remote monitoring of patients at home (essential during a pandemic) can engender trust issues regarding secure and ethical data collection, a consent management module was incorporated into our architecture to provide transparency and ensure data privacy. Further, the article details mechanisms for supporting a configurable and adaptable scoring system embedded in wearable devices to increase usefulness and flexibility for health care professions working with EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Iyda Paganelli
- Informatics Departament, Pontifical Catholic University, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225-Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22541-041, Brazil
| | - Pedro Elkind Velmovitsky
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Pedro Miranda
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Adriano Branco
- Informatics Departament, Pontifical Catholic University, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225-Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22541-041, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alencar
- David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Donald Cowan
- David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Markus Endler
- Informatics Departament, Pontifical Catholic University, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225-Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22541-041, Brazil
| | - Plinio Pelegrini Morita
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, 250 Laurelwood Drive, Waterloo, ON N2J 0E2, Canada
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- eHealth Innovation, Techna Institute, University Health Network, R. Fraser Elliott Building, 4th Floor, 190 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
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13
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Mattison G, Canfell O, Forrester D, Dobbins C, Smith D, Töyräs J, Sullivan C. The influence of wearables on healthcare outcomes in chronic disease: a systematic review (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e36690. [PMID: 35776492 PMCID: PMC9288104 DOI: 10.2196/36690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic diseases contribute to high rates of disability and mortality. Patient engagement in chronic disease self-management is an essential component of chronic disease models of health care. Wearables provide patient-centered health data in real time, which can help inform self-management decision-making. Despite the perceived benefits of wearables in improving chronic disease self-management, their influence on health care outcomes remains poorly understood. Objective This review aimed to examine the influence of wearables on health care outcomes in individuals with chronic diseases through a systematic review of the literature. Methods A narrative systematic review was conducted by searching 6 databases for randomized and observational studies published between January 1, 2016, and July 1, 2021, that included the use of a wearable intervention in a chronic disease group to assess its impact on a predefined outcome measure. These outcomes were defined as any influence on the patient or clinician experience, cost-effectiveness, or health care outcomes as a result of the wearable intervention. Data from the included studies were extracted based on 6 key themes, which formed the basis for a narrative qualitative synthesis. All outcomes were mapped against each component of the Quadruple Aim of health care. The guidelines of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement were followed in this study. Results A total of 30 articles were included; studies reported 2446 participants (mean age: range 10.1-74.4 years), and the influence of 14 types of wearables on 18 chronic diseases was presented. The most studied chronic diseases were type 2 diabetes (4/30, 13%), Parkinson disease (3/30, 10%), and chronic lower back pain (3/30, 10%). The results were mixed when assessing the impact on a predefined primary outcome, with 50% (15/30) of studies finding a positive influence on the studied outcome and 50% (15/30) demonstrating a nil effect. There was a positive effect of 3D virtual reality systems on chronic pain in 7% (2/30) of studies that evaluated 2 distinct chronic pain syndromes. Mixed results were observed in influencing exercise capacity; weight; and biomarkers of disease, such as hemoglobin A1c, in diabetes. In total, 155 outcomes were studied. Most (139/155, 89.7%) addressed the health care outcomes component. This included pain (11/155, 7.5%), quality of life (7/155, 4.8%), and physical function (5/155, 3.4%). Approximately 7.7% (12/155) of outcome measures represented the patient experience component, with 1.3% (2/155) addressing the clinician experience and cost. Conclusions Given their popularity and capability, wearables may play an integral role in chronic disease management. However, further research is required to generate a strong evidence base for safe and effective implementation. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021244562; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=244562
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Mattison
- Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Metro North Hospitals and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
- Digital Health Cooperative Research Centre, Australian Government, Sydney, Australia
| | - Oliver Canfell
- Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Digital Health Cooperative Research Centre, Australian Government, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland Business School, Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Doug Forrester
- Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Metro North Hospitals and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chelsea Dobbins
- Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel Smith
- Metro North Hospitals and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juha Töyräs
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Clair Sullivan
- Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Metro North Hospitals and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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14
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Huhn S, Axt M, Gunga HC, Maggioni MA, Munga S, Obor D, Sié A, Boudo V, Bunker A, Sauerborn R, Bärnighausen T, Barteit S. The Impact of Wearable Technologies in Health Research: Scoping Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022; 10:e34384. [PMID: 35076409 PMCID: PMC8826148 DOI: 10.2196/34384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wearable devices hold great promise, particularly for data generation for cutting-edge health research, and their demand has risen substantially in recent years. However, there is a shortage of aggregated insights into how wearables have been used in health research. Objective In this review, we aim to broadly overview and categorize the current research conducted with affordable wearable devices for health research. Methods We performed a scoping review to understand the use of affordable, consumer-grade wearables for health research from a population health perspective using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) framework. A total of 7499 articles were found in 4 medical databases (PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and CINAHL). Studies were eligible if they used noninvasive wearables: worn on the wrist, arm, hip, and chest; measured vital signs; and analyzed the collected data quantitatively. We excluded studies that did not use wearables for outcome assessment and prototype studies, devices that cost >€500 (US $570), or obtrusive smart clothing. Results We included 179 studies using 189 wearable devices covering 10,835,733 participants. Most studies were observational (128/179, 71.5%), conducted in 2020 (56/179, 31.3%) and in North America (94/179, 52.5%), and 93% (10,104,217/10,835,733) of the participants were part of global health studies. The most popular wearables were fitness trackers (86/189, 45.5%) and accelerometer wearables, which primarily measure movement (49/189, 25.9%). Typical measurements included steps (95/179, 53.1%), heart rate (HR; 55/179, 30.7%), and sleep duration (51/179, 28.5%). Other devices measured blood pressure (3/179, 1.7%), skin temperature (3/179, 1.7%), oximetry (3/179, 1.7%), or respiratory rate (2/179, 1.1%). The wearables were mostly worn on the wrist (138/189, 73%) and cost <€200 (US $228; 120/189, 63.5%). The aims and approaches of all 179 studies revealed six prominent uses for wearables, comprising correlations—wearable and other physiological data (40/179, 22.3%), method evaluations (with subgroups; 40/179, 22.3%), population-based research (31/179, 17.3%), experimental outcome assessment (30/179, 16.8%), prognostic forecasting (28/179, 15.6%), and explorative analysis of big data sets (10/179, 5.6%). The most frequent strengths of affordable wearables were validation, accuracy, and clinical certification (104/179, 58.1%). Conclusions Wearables showed an increasingly diverse field of application such as COVID-19 prediction, fertility tracking, heat-related illness, drug effects, and psychological interventions; they also included underrepresented populations, such as individuals with rare diseases. There is a lack of research on wearable devices in low-resource contexts. Fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, we see a shift toward more large-sized, web-based studies where wearables increased insights into the developing pandemic, including forecasting models and the effects of the pandemic. Some studies have indicated that big data extracted from wearables may potentially transform the understanding of population health dynamics and the ability to forecast health trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Huhn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Axt
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Anna Maggioni
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environment, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - David Obor
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Ali Sié
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre de Recherche en Santé Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Aditi Bunker
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Sauerborn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Sandra Barteit
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Daily Living Activity Recognition In-The-Wild: Modeling and Inferring Activity-Aware Human Contexts. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in smart sensing and computing technologies has provided a dynamic opportunity to develop intelligent systems for human activity monitoring and thus assisted living. Consequently, many researchers have put their efforts into implementing sensor-based activity recognition systems. However, recognizing people’s natural behavior and physical activities with diverse contexts is still a challenging problem because human physical activities are often distracted by changes in their surroundings/environments. Therefore, in addition to physical activity recognition, it is also vital to model and infer the user’s context information to realize human-environment interactions in a better way. Therefore, this research paper proposes a new idea for activity recognition in-the-wild, which entails modeling and identifying detailed human contexts (such as human activities, behavioral environments, and phone states) using portable accelerometer sensors. The proposed scheme offers a detailed/fine-grained representation of natural human activities with contexts, which is crucial for modeling human-environment interactions in context-aware applications/systems effectively. The proposed idea is validated using a series of experiments, and it achieved an average balanced accuracy of 89.43%, which proves its effectiveness.
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16
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Kristoffersson A, Lindén M. A Systematic Review of Wearable Sensors for Monitoring Physical Activity. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22020573. [PMID: 35062531 PMCID: PMC8778538 DOI: 10.3390/s22020573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the use of wearable sensors for the monitoring of physical activity (PA) for different purposes, including assessment of gait and balance, prevention and/or detection of falls, recognition of various PAs, conduction and assessment of rehabilitation exercises and monitoring of neurological disease progression. The article provides in-depth information on the retrieved articles and discusses study shortcomings related to demographic factors, i.e., age, gender, healthy participants vs patients, and study conditions. It is well known that motion patterns change with age and the onset of illnesses, and that the risk of falling increases with age. Yet, studies including older persons are rare. Gender distribution was not even provided in several studies, and others included only, or a majority of, men. Another shortcoming is that none of the studies were conducted in real-life conditions. Hence, there is still important work to be done in order to increase the usefulness of wearable sensors in these areas. The article highlights flaws in how studies based on previously collected datasets report on study samples and the data collected, which makes the validity and generalizability of those studies low. Exceptions exist, such as the promising recently reported open dataset FallAllD, wherein a longitudinal study with older adults is ongoing.
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17
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An Intelligent Clustering-Based Routing Protocol (CRP-GR) for 5G-Based Smart Healthcare Using Game Theory and Reinforcement Learning. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11219993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
With advantages such as short and long transmission ranges, D2D communication, low latency, and high node density, the 5G communication standard is a strong contender for smart healthcare. Smart healthcare networks based on 5G are expected to have heterogeneous energy and mobility, requiring them to adapt to the connected environment. As a result, in 5G-based smart healthcare, building a routing protocol that optimizes energy consumption, reduces transmission delay, and extends network lifetime remains a challenge. This paper presents a clustering-based routing protocol to improve the Quality of services (QoS) and energy optimization in 5G-based smart healthcare. QoS and energy optimization are achieved by selecting an energy-efficient clustering head (CH) with the help of game theory (GT) and best multipath route selection with reinforcement learning (RL). The cluster head selection is modeled as a clustering game with a mixed strategy considering various attributes to find equilibrium conditions. The parameters such as distance between nodes, the distance between nodes and base station, the remaining energy and speed of mobility of the nodes were used for cluster head (CH) selection probability. An energy-efficient multipath routing based on reinforcement learning (RL) having (Q-learning) is proposed. The simulation result shows that our proposed clustering-based routing approach improves the QoS and energy optimization compared to existing approaches. The average performances of the proposed schemes CRP-GR and CRP-G are 78% and 71%, respectively, while the existing schemes, such as FBCFP, TEEN and LEACH have average performances of 63%, 48% and 35% accordingly.
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18
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Martín-Escudero P, Cabanas AM, Fuentes-Ferrer M, Galindo-Canales M. Oxygen Saturation Behavior by Pulse Oximetry in Female Athletes: Breaking Myths. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11100391. [PMID: 34677347 PMCID: PMC8534025 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The myths surrounding women’s participation in sport have been reflected in respiratory physiology. This study aims to demonstrate that continuous monitoring of blood oxygen saturation during a maximal exercise test in female athletes is highly correlated with the determination of the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) or anaerobic threshold (AnT). The measurements were performed using a pulse oximeter during a maximum effort test on a treadmill on a population of 27 healthy female athletes. A common behavior of the oxygen saturation evolution during the incremental exercise test characterized by a decrease in saturation before the aerobic threshold (AeT) followed by a second significant drop was observed. Decreases in peripheral oxygen saturation during physical exertion have been related to the athlete’s physical fitness condition. However, this drop should not be a limiting factor in women’s physical performance. We found statistically significant correlations between the maximum oxygen uptake and the appearance of the ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2), the desaturation time, the total test time, and between the desaturation time and the VT2. We observed a relationship between the desaturation time and the VT2 appearance. Indeed, a linear regression model between the desaturation time and the VT2 appearance can predict 80% of the values in our sample. Besides, we suggest that pulse oximetry is a simple, fairly accurate, and non-invasive technique for studying the physical condition of athletes who perform physical exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Martín-Escudero
- Professional Medical School of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.M.-E.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Ana María Cabanas
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1010064, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Manuel Fuentes-Ferrer
- Unit of Clinical Management (UGC), Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Galindo-Canales
- Professional Medical School of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.M.-E.); (M.G.-C.)
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19
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Salamone F, Masullo M, Sibilio S. Wearable Devices for Environmental Monitoring in the Built Environment: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4727. [PMID: 34300467 PMCID: PMC8309593 DOI: 10.3390/s21144727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The so-called Internet of Things (IoT), which is rapidly increasing the number of network-connected and interconnected objects, could have a far-reaching impact in identifying the link between human health, well-being, and environmental concerns. In line with the IoT concept, many commercial wearables have been introduced in recent years, which differ from the usual devices in that they use the term "smart" alongside the terms "watches", "glasses", and "jewellery". Commercially available wearables aim to enhance smartphone functionality by enabling payment for commercial items or monitoring physical activity. However, what is the trend of scientific production about the concept of wearables regarding environmental monitoring issues? What are the main areas of interest covered by scientific production? What are the main findings and limitations of the developed solution in this field? The methodology used to answer the above questions is based on a systematic review. The data were acquired following a reproducible methodology. The main result is that, among the thermal, visual, acoustic, and air quality environmental factors, the last one is the most considered when using wearables even though in combination with some others. Another relevant finding is that of the acquired studies; in only one, the authors shared their wearables as an open-source device, and it will probably be necessary to encourage researchers to consider open-source as a means to promote scalability and proliferation of new wearables customized to cover different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Salamone
- Construction Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Italy (ITC-CNR), Via Lombardia, 49, San Giuliano Milanese, 20098 Milano, Italy
- Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, Abazia di San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Masullo
- Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, Abazia di San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sergio Sibilio
- Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, Abazia di San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
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20
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Physical Activity Recognition Based on a Parallel Approach for an Ensemble of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Classifiers. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21144713. [PMID: 34300453 PMCID: PMC8309563 DOI: 10.3390/s21144713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human activity recognition (HAR) by wearable sensor devices embedded in the Internet of things (IOT) can play a significant role in remote health monitoring and emergency notification to provide healthcare of higher standards. The purpose of this study is to investigate a human activity recognition method of accrued decision accuracy and speed of execution to be applicable in healthcare. This method classifies wearable sensor acceleration time series data of human movement using an efficient classifier combination of feature engineering-based and feature learning-based data representation. Leave-one-subject-out cross-validation of the method with data acquired from 44 subjects wearing a single waist-worn accelerometer on a smart textile, and engaged in a variety of 10 activities, yielded an average recognition rate of 90%, performing significantly better than individual classifiers. The method easily accommodates functional and computational parallelization to bring execution time significantly down.
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21
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Ocagli H, Lorenzoni G, Lanera C, Schiavo A, D’Angelo L, Liberti AD, Besola L, Cibin G, Martinato M, Azzolina D, D’Onofrio A, Tarantini G, Gerosa G, Cabianca E, Gregori D. Monitoring Patients Reported Outcomes after Valve Replacement Using Wearable Devices: Insights on Feasibility and Capability Study: Feasibility Results. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137171. [PMID: 34281108 PMCID: PMC8297062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Wearable devices (WDs) can objectively assess patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) in clinical trials. In this study, the feasibility and acceptability of using commercial WDs in elderly patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) will be explored. This is a prospective observational study. Participants were trained to use a WD and a smartphone to collect data on their physical activity, rest heart rate and number of hours of sleep. Validated questionnaires were also used to evaluate these outcomes. A technology acceptance questionnaire was used at the end of the follow up. In our participants an overall good compliance in wearing the device (75.1% vs. 79.8%, SAVR vs. TAVR) was assessed. Half of the patients were willing to continue using the device. Perceived ease of use is one of the domains that scored higher in the technology acceptance questionnaire. In this study we observed that the use of a WD is accepted in our frail population for an extended period. Even though commercial WDs are not tailored for clinical research, they can produce useful information on patient behavior, especially when coordinated with intervention tailored to the single patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honoria Ocagli
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Giulia Lorenzoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Corrado Lanera
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Alessandro Schiavo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, 35121 Padua, Italy; (A.S.); (L.D.); (A.D.L.); (G.T.)
| | - Livio D’Angelo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, 35121 Padua, Italy; (A.S.); (L.D.); (A.D.L.); (G.T.)
| | - Alessandro Di Liberti
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, 35121 Padua, Italy; (A.S.); (L.D.); (A.D.L.); (G.T.)
| | - Laura Besola
- Saint Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6 VBC, Canada;
| | - Giorgia Cibin
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Matteo Martinato
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Danila Azzolina
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Augusto D’Onofrio
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, 35121 Padua, Italy; (A.S.); (L.D.); (A.D.L.); (G.T.)
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Ester Cabianca
- Cardiology Unit, Dipartimento Strutturale Cardio-vascolare, Azienda ULSS 8 Berica, 36100 Vicenza, Italy;
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (H.O.); (G.L.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-8275384
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22
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Moore K, O'Shea E, Kenny L, Barton J, Tedesco S, Sica M, Crowe C, Alamäki A, Condell J, Nordström A, Timmons S. Older Adults' Experiences With Using Wearable Devices: Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e23832. [PMID: 34081020 PMCID: PMC8212622 DOI: 10.2196/23832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults may use wearable devices for various reasons, ranging from monitoring clinically relevant health metrics or detecting falls to monitoring physical activity. Little is known about how this population engages with wearable devices, and no qualitative synthesis exists to describe their shared experiences with long-term use. OBJECTIVE This study aims to synthesize qualitative studies of user experience after a multi-day trial with a wearable device to understand user experience and the factors that contribute to the acceptance and use of wearable devices. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase (2015-2020; English) with fixed search terms relating to older adults and wearable devices. A meta-synthesis methodology was used. We extracted themes from primary studies, identified key concepts, and applied reciprocal and refutational translation techniques; findings were synthesized into third-order interpretations, and finally, a "line-of-argument" was developed. Our overall goal was theory development, higher-level abstraction, and generalizability for making this group of qualitative findings more accessible. RESULTS In total, we reviewed 20 papers; 2 evaluated fall detection devices, 1 tested an ankle-worn step counter, and the remaining 17 tested activity trackers. The duration of wearing ranged from 3 days to 24 months. The views of 349 participants (age: range 51-94 years) were synthesized. Four key concepts were identified and outlined: motivation for device use, user characteristics (openness to engage and functional ability), integration into daily life, and device features. Motivation for device use is intrinsic and extrinsic, encompassing many aspects of the user experience, and appears to be as, if not more, important than the actual device features. To overcome usability barriers, an older adult must be motivated by the useful purpose of the device. A device that serves its intended purpose adds value to the user's life. The user's needs and the support structure around the device-aspects that are often overlooked-seem to play a crucial role in long-term adoption. Our "line-of-argument" model describes how motivation, ease of use, and device purpose determine whether a device is perceived to add value to the user's life, which subsequently predicts whether the device will be integrated into the user's life. CONCLUSIONS The added value of a wearable device is the resulting balance of motivators (or lack thereof), device features (and their accuracy), ease of use, device purpose, and user experience. The added value contributes to the successful integration of the device into the daily life of the user. Useful device features alone do not lead to continued use. A support structure should be placed around the user to foster motivation, encourage peer engagement, and adapt to the user's preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Moore
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emma O'Shea
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lorna Kenny
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - Antti Alamäki
- Research, Development and Innovation Activities & Physiotherapy Education, Karelia University of Applied Sciences, Karelia, Finland
| | - Joan Condell
- School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Nordström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- School of Sport Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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23
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Zompanti A, Sabatini A, Grasso S, Pennazza G, Ferri G, Barile G, Chello M, Lusini M, Santonico M. Development and Test of a Portable ECG Device with Dry Capacitive Electrodes and Driven Right Leg Circuit. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2777. [PMID: 33920787 PMCID: PMC8071160 DOI: 10.3390/s21082777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of wearable sensors for health monitoring is rapidly growing. Over the past decade, wearable technology has gained much attention from the tech industry for commercial reasons and the interest of researchers and clinicians for reasons related to its potential benefit on patients' health. Wearable devices use advanced and specialized sensors able to monitor not only activity parameters, such as heart rate or step count, but also physiological parameters, such as heart electrical activity or blood pressure. Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is becoming one of the most attractive health-related features of modern smartwatches, and, because cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death globally, the use of a smartwatch to monitor patients could greatly impact the disease outcomes on health care systems. Commercial wearable devices are able to record just single-lead ECG using a couple of metallic contact dry electrodes. This kind of measurement can be used only for arrhythmia diagnosis. For the diagnosis of other cardiac disorders, additional ECG leads are required. In this study, we characterized an electronic interface to be used with multiple contactless capacitive electrodes in order to develop a wearable ECG device able to perform several lead measurements. We verified the ability of the electronic interface to amplify differential biopotentials and to reject common-mode signals produced by electromagnetic interference (EMI). We developed a portable device based on the studied electronic interface that represents a prototype system for further developments. We evaluated the performances of the developed device. The signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is favorable, and all the features needed for a clinical evaluation (P waves, QRS complexes and T waves) are clearly readable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zompanti
- Unit of Electronics for Sensor Systems, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Anna Sabatini
- Unit of Electronics for Sensor Systems, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Simone Grasso
- Unit of Electronics for Sensor Systems, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Giorgio Pennazza
- Unit of Electronics for Sensor Systems, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Ferri
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.F.); (G.B.)
| | - Gianluca Barile
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.F.); (G.B.)
| | - Massimo Chello
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mario Lusini
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Marco Santonico
- Unit of Electronics for Sensor Systems, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (M.S.)
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24
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Shitanda I, Mitsumoto M, Loew N, Yoshihara Y, Watanabe H, Mikawa T, Tsujimura S, Itagaki M, Motosuke M. Continuous sweat lactate monitoring system with integrated screen-printed MgO-templated carbon-lactate oxidase biosensor and microfluidic sweat collector. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Mohammadzadeh N, Gholamzadeh M, Saeedi S, Rezayi S. The application of wearable smart sensors for monitoring the vital signs of patients in epidemics: a systematic literature review. JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING 2020; 14:6027-6041. [PMID: 33224305 PMCID: PMC7664168 DOI: 10.1007/s12652-020-02656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Wearable smart sensors are emerging technology for daily monitoring of vital signs with the reducing discomfort and interference with normal human activities. The main objective of this study was to review the applied wearable smart sensors for disease control and vital signs monitoring in epidemics outbreaks. A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Library, PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies published until June 2, 2020. Main extracted specifications for each paper are publication details, type of sensor, disease, type of monitored vital sign, function and usage. Of 277 articles, 11 studies were eligible for criteria. 36% of papers were published in 2020. Articles were published in 10 different journals and only in the Journal of Medical Systems more than one article was published. Most sensors were used to monitor body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure. Wearable devices (like a helmet, watch, or cuff) and body area network sensors were popular types which can be used monitoring vital signs for epidemic trending. 65% of total papers (n = 6) were conducted by the USA, Malaysia and India. Applying appropriate technological solutions could improve control and management of epidemic disease as well as the application of sensors for continuous monitoring of vital signs. However, further studies are needed to investigate the real effects of these sensors and their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marsa Gholamzadeh
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Saeedi
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorayya Rezayi
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Wearable Sensors for Monitoring and Preventing Noncommunicable Diseases: A Systematic Review. INFORMATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/info11110521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ensuring healthy lives and promoting a healthy well-being for all at all ages are listed as some of the goals in Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development. Considering that noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, reducing the mortality of NCDs is an important target. To reach this goal, means for detecting and reacting to warning signals are necessary. Here, remote health monitoring in real time has great potential. This article provides a systematic review of the use of wearable sensors for the monitoring and prevention of NCDs. In addition, this article not only provides in-depth information about the retrieved articles, but also discusses examples of studies assessing warning signals that may result in serious health conditions, such as stroke and cardiac arrest, if left untreated. One finding is that even though many good examples of wearable sensor systems for monitoring and controlling NCDs are presented, many issues also remain to be solved. One major issue is the lack of testing on representative people from a sociodemographic perspective. Even though substantial work remains, the use of wearable sensor systems has a great potential to be used in the battle against NCDs by providing the means to diagnose, monitor and prevent NCDs.
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27
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Toward a Regulatory Qualification of Real-World Mobility Performance Biomarkers in Parkinson's Patients Using Digital Mobility Outcomes. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20205920. [PMID: 33092143 PMCID: PMC7589106 DOI: 10.3390/s20205920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wearable inertial sensors can be used to monitor mobility in real-world settings over extended periods. Although these technologies are widely used in human movement research, they have not yet been qualified by drug regulatory agencies for their use in regulatory drug trials. This is because the first generation of these sensors was unreliable when used on slow-walking subjects. However, intense research in this area is now offering a new generation of algorithms to quantify Digital Mobility Outcomes so accurate they may be considered as biomarkers in regulatory drug trials. This perspective paper summarises the work in the Mobilise-D consortium around the regulatory qualification of the use of wearable sensors to quantify real-world mobility performance in patients affected by Parkinson's Disease. The paper describes the qualification strategy and both the technical and clinical validation plans, which have recently received highly supportive qualification advice from the European Medicines Agency. The scope is to provide detailed guidance for the preparation of similar qualification submissions to broaden the use of real-world mobility assessment in regulatory drug trials.
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