1
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Pang LF, Fang WL, Zhang B, Xu QJ. Synthesis of non-modified near-infrared carbon dots for hypochlorite detection and cell membrane imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124743. [PMID: 38950478 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Devising carbon dots with long wavelength emission (red light or near infrared), high selectivity and good bio-compatibility is critical in fluorescence detection and imaging, but achieving this goal remains a great challenge. Herein, near-infrared emissive carbon dots (NIR-CDs) with obvious emission characteristic of 653 nm were synthesized through hydrothermally treatment of toluidine bule and gallic acid. Noticeably, the NIR-CDs exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity to hypochlorite (ClO-), and the limit of detection is as low as 42.7 nM. The selective recognition reaction between ClO- and the surface functional groups of NIR-CDs inhibits the fluorescence from NIR-CDs. The quenching mechanism was confirmed by fluorescence lifetime decays, FT-IR spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption spectra. More remarkably, the NIR-CDs have rich hydrophilic groups showed lower cytotoxicity, excellent bio-compatibility and specific cell membrane localization ability. The established spectrofluorometric method based on NIR-CDs has been used to determination of ClO- level in tap water sample, the recoveries were 97.7 %-103.3 %. In addition, the NIR-CDs also has been successfully applied for the imaging of cell membrane. The study provides a novel idea for developing NIR ClO- probe as well as cell membrane localization probe based on CDs, which present bright prospects in real water samples monitoring and cell membrane imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Fang Pang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China.
| | - Wen-Le Fang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China
| | - Qi-Jie Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China.
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2
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Kostyuk AI, Rapota DD, Morozova KI, Fedotova AA, Jappy D, Semyanov AV, Belousov VV, Brazhe NA, Bilan DS. Modern optical approaches in redox biology: Genetically encoded sensors and Raman spectroscopy. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 217:68-115. [PMID: 38508405 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the current review is to summarize the current state of optical methods in redox biology. It consists of two parts, the first is dedicated to genetically encoded fluorescent indicators and the second to Raman spectroscopy. In the first part, we provide a detailed classification of the currently available redox biosensors based on their target analytes. We thoroughly discuss the main architecture types of these proteins, the underlying engineering strategies for their development, the biochemical properties of existing tools and their advantages and disadvantages from a practical point of view. Particular attention is paid to fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy as a possible readout technique, since it is less prone to certain artifacts than traditional intensiometric measurements. In the second part, the characteristic Raman peaks of the most important redox intermediates are listed, and examples of how this knowledge can be implemented in biological studies are given. This part covers such fields as estimation of the redox states and concentrations of Fe-S clusters, cytochromes, other heme-containing proteins, oxidative derivatives of thiols, lipids, and nucleotides. Finally, we touch on the issue of multiparameter imaging, in which biosensors are combined with other visualization methods for simultaneous assessment of several cellular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Kostyuk
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Diana D Rapota
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Kseniia I Morozova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Anna A Fedotova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - David Jappy
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alexey V Semyanov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119435, Russia; College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, 314001, China
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia; Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, Moscow, 143025, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Brazhe
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Bilan
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
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3
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Wang S, Gai L, Chen Y, Ji X, Lu H, Guo Z. Mitochondria-targeted BODIPY dyes for small molecule recognition, bio-imaging and photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3976-4019. [PMID: 38450547 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for a diverse array of biological functions. There is increasing research focus on developing efficient tools for mitochondria-targeted detection and treatment. BODIPY dyes, known for their structural versatility and excellent spectroscopic properties, are being actively explored in this context. Numerous studies have focused on developing innovative BODIPYs that utilize optical signals for imaging mitochondria. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this field, aiming to investigate mitochondria-related biological events. It covers key factors such as design strategies, spectroscopic properties, and cytotoxicity, as well as mechanism to facilitate their future application in organelle imaging and targeted therapy. This work is anticipated to provide valuable insights for guiding future development and facilitating further investigation into mitochondria-related biological sensing and phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lizhi Gai
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Yuncong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hua Lu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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4
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Fu Q, Yang X, Wang M, Zhu K, Wang Y, Song J. Activatable Probes for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous Biomarkers In Vivo. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3916-3968. [PMID: 38258800 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic variations in the concentration and abnormal distribution of endogenous biomarkers are strongly associated with multiple physiological and pathological states. Therefore, it is crucial to design imaging systems capable of real-time detection of dynamic changes in biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Recently, ratiometric imaging has emerged as a widely used technique for sensing and imaging of biomarkers due to its advantage of circumventing the limitations inherent to conventional intensity-dependent signal readout methods while also providing built-in self-calibration for signal correction. Here, the recent progress of ratiometric probes and their applications in sensing and imaging of biomarkers are outlined. Ratiometric probes are classified according to their imaging mechanisms, and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging, ratiometric optical imaging including photoluminescence imaging and self-luminescence imaging, ratiometric magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-modal ratiometric imaging are discussed. The applications of ratiometric probes in the sensing and imaging of biomarkers such as pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), gas molecules, enzymes, metal ions, and hypoxia are discussed in detail. Additionally, this Review presents an overview of challenges faced in this field along with future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Kang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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5
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Lin S, Ye C, Lin Z, Huang L, Li D. Recent progress of near-infrared fluorescent probes in the determination of reactive oxygen species for disease diagnosis. Talanta 2024; 268:125264. [PMID: 37832458 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a chemically defined group of reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen, are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including immune defense, cellular metabolism, and other physiological processes. To access their detailed function in these processes, it is critical to establish rapid, accurate and in situ assays for these species in vivo. Among the potential assays, fluorescent probes are considered as the most promising candidate to monitor the biological ROS in vivo with great spatial and temporal resolution and are extensively used as an excellent tool in modern redox biology discovery. Recently, abundant fluorescent probes have been successively developed for in vitro or intracellular detection of ROS, but most of them could not be used for in vivo imaging due to their intrinsic shortcomings such as short emission wavelengths, phototoxicity and poor tissue penetration. Recent development of fluorescent ROS probes with near-infrared emission aim to address these concerns to develop practical assays. Herein, we review recent developments of ROS-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probes, with an emphasis on the design, synthesis, characteristics of fluorescent probes, as well as their applications. We hope this review will aid the development of a new generation of efficient, sensitive and biocompatible fluorescent probes for in vivo ROS detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China
| | - Chenqian Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China
| | - Zengyan Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China
| | - Luqiang Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China.
| | - Daliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China.
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6
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Chen P, Nie Q, Yan Y, Yang J, Feng HT, Tang BZ. A ratiometric fluorescent probe for rapid and specific detection of hypochlorite. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4600. [PMID: 37752625 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO- ), as a kind of essential reactive oxygen species, plays a crucial role in vitro and in vivo. Here, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (TPAM) was designed and constructed for sensing ClO- based on substituted triphenylamine and malononitrile, which exhibited obvious colour transfer from orange to colourless under daylight accompanied by noticeable fluorescence change from red to green in response to ClO- . TPAM could effectively monitor ClO- with the merits of fast response, excellent selectivity, high sensitivity and a low detection limit of 0.1014 μM. 1 H NMR, mass spectra and theoretical calculations proved that ClO- caused the oxidation of the carbon-carbon double bond in TPAM, resulting in compound 1 and marked changes in colour and fluorescence. In addition, TPAM was utilized for imaging ClO- in living cells successfully with good photostability and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Qingli Nie
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Yuting Yan
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juncheng Yang
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Hai-Tao Feng
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
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7
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Xu J, Zhou X, He H, Li S, Ma C. A turn-on fluorescence strategy for hypochlorous acid detection based on DNAzyme-assisted cyclic signal amplification. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123243. [PMID: 37562215 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a crucial active oxygen component and one of the innate immunity's barrier substances in the body. Abnormal fluctuations in HClO concentration can lead to increased oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, and the onset of various diseases. Thus, developing convenient, affordable, efficient, and sensitive methods to monitor HClO concentration in healthcare and pathophysiology research is highly significant. In this study, we developed a novel fluorescence strategy for HClO detection based on nucleic acid oxidative cleavage and Pb2+-dependent DNAzyme. By introducing a phosphorothioate site in the hairpin-structured nucleic acid sequence, the nucleic acid probe specifically recognized HClO and underwent oxidative cleavage. Upon cleavage, the enzyme strand is liberated, forming DNAzyme. This DNAzyme then cleaves the substrate strand, liberating the initially quenched fluorescent dyes and generating a turn-on fluorescent signal. The enzyme strand produced by the oxidative cleavage of HClO can be repeatedly utilized, thus realizing the cyclic signal amplification to reduce background noise. We verified the detection mechanism of this strategy through stepwise fluorescence spectroscopy analysis and electrophoresis. Under optimal experimental conditions, the method achieved a detection limit of 5.38 nM and a linear range of 1 nM-800 nM. This method demonstrated exceptional performance in actual biological sample testing and presented an exciting opportunity for expanded utilization in clinical diagnosis and medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shanni Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Changbei Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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8
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Wen H, Liu Z, Su Z, Kowah JAH, Hao E, Liu X. Development of a novel hypochlorite ratio probe based on coumarin and its application in living cells. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32518-32522. [PMID: 37928861 PMCID: PMC10624156 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04729f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid is a reactive oxygen species that is widely present in the body and has been found to exhibit an elevated concentration in tumors. As a result, fluorescent probes for tumor detection have recently gained significant attention. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe, LW-1, using coumarin as a scaffold, and characterized its spectral properties. LW-1 displayed indigo blue fluorescence at low concentrations of hypochlorous acid. As the concentration of hypochlorous acid increased, the probe underwent a reaction, resulting in a red shift in its fluorescence peak and exhibiting green fluorescence. The fluorescence intensity ratio (green/blue) was a susceptible detection signal for HClO. LW-1 exhibited favorable characteristics, including a low detection limit, high sensitivity, good stability, and low background interference. The detection limit has reached 2.4642 nM. Moreover, we successfully employed LW-1 to image normal human liver and colon cancer cells in vitro, demonstrating its potential as a promising tool for tumor detection. Overall, our findings suggest that LW-1 could serve as a valuable addition to the current arsenal of fluorescent probes for tumor detection, with potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Zifan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Zixia Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530200 Guangxi China
| | - Jamal A H Kowah
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530200 Guangxi China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
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Assiri MA, Hussain S, Junaid HM, Waseem MT, Hamad A, Ajab H, Iqbal J, Rauf W, Shahzad SA. Highly sensitive fluorescent probes for selective detection of hypochlorite: Applications in blood serum and cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 294:122537. [PMID: 36827864 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Being one of the vital reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal level of hypochlorite ion (ClO-) may pose detrimental threats to living organisms. Therefore, highly selective, and rapid monitoring of ClO- in living system is of prime importance to protect living organisms from its harmful effects. In this regard, design of synthetic fluorescent probes for ClO- has garnered considerable attention. However less fluorescence emission in aggregated state and less photostability of several existing probes for ClO- inspired us to design aggregation induced emission (AIE) active fluorescent probes SH1 and SH2. Probes were rationally designed by introducing thiourea moiety that selectively reacted through desulfurization reaction and resulted in highly selective detection of ClO-. Hypochlorite induced desulfurization reaction was validated through 1H NMR titration and DFT studies. Fine tuning of probes SH1 and SH2 prompted highly sensitive nanoscale (55 nM and 77 nM) and rapid (15 and 35 sec) detection of ClO-. Probe SH1 displayed less cytotoxic effect to live cells before it was successfully applied for bioimaging of ClO- in live MCF-7 cells. Moreover, probes displayed excellent sensing potential for ClO- in blood serum and real water samples. Advantageously, probe coated portable fluorescent films were fabricated for the easy and fast monitoring of ClO-. Of note, this work offers excellent design strategy for highly selective detection of ClO- that may lead to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Assiri
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61514, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Waseem
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Asad Hamad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grand Asian University Sialkot, 51310 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Huma Ajab
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Rauf
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
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10
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Long T, Hu Z, Gao Z, Luo H, Li H, Chen Y, Liu L, Xu D. Carbon dots electrochemically prepared from dopamine and epigallocatechin gallate for hypochlorite detection with high selectivity via a dynamic quenching mechanism. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 301:122947. [PMID: 37295382 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring hypochlorite levels in water is of great importance because of its high toxicity and wide applications as water disinfectants. In this manuscript, carbon dot (CD) was electrochemically prepared by using dopamine and epigallocatechin gallate (molar ratio 1:1) as the carbon source for efficient hypochlorite determination. By electrolyzing the solution at 10 V for 12 min with PBS as an electrolyte, dopamine would react with epigallocatechin at the anode, and through polymerization, dehydration, and carbonization, strong blue-fluorescent CDs were obtained. CDs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR, etc. These CDs have an excitation wavelength at 372 nm and an emission wavelength at 462 nm, owing an average particle size of 5.5 nm. The presence of hypochlorites can quench the fluorescence of CDs, and its reduction in intensity is linear with hypochlorite concentration over the range of 0.5-50 μM, ΔF/F0 = 0.0056 + 0.0194CClO-, R2=0.997. The detection limit achieved 0.23 μM (S/N = 3). The mechanism for fluorescence quenching is via a dynamic process. Different from many other fluorescence methods based on the strong oxidizing ability of hypochlorites, our method shows strong selectivity toward hypochlorites over other oxidizing agents such as H2O2. The assay was validated by the detection of hypochlorites in water samples, with recoveries between 98.2% and 104.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Long
- The Health Management Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-products Further Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu 843100, China
| | - Zhongyang Hu
- The Neurology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziyun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongmei Luo
- The Health Management Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hongchen Li
- The Health Management Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Hunan Intellijoy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Lei Liu
- The Health Management Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Dong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-products Further Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
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11
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Li X, Nie S, Liu C, Zhang Y, Guo J. A fluorescent probe based on phenothiazine for detection of ClO− with naked-eye color change properties. Anal Biochem 2023; 670:115131. [PMID: 37001597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-) plays a key role in life systems and it is necessary to develop an effective detection method. In view of the significant advantages of the fluorescent probe, we have synthesized a naked-eye recognition fluorescent probe NNCF for the detection of ClO- based on phenothiazine and naphthalimide. The probe NNCF is sensitive (LOD = 9.5 nM) and fast for ClO- (within 30 s), and its Stokes shift is as large as 161 nm. In addition, the probe NNCF has been successfully used for imaging detection of exogenous ClO- in MCF-7 cells with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China.
| | - Yiming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Shiru Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
| | - Jinghao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, China
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12
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Liu SZ, Xu JH, Ma QJ, Wang BY, Li LK, Zhu NN, Liu SY, Wang GG. A naphthalimide-based and Golgi-targetable fluorescence probe for quantifying hypochlorous acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 286:121986. [PMID: 36265303 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a vital organelle in biological systems and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is produced during stress in the Golgi apparatus. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a significant reactive oxygen species and has strong oxidative and antibacterial activity, but excessive secretion of hypochlorous acid can affect Golgi structure or function abnormally, it will lead to a series of diseases including Alzheimer's disease, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, and Parkinson's disease. In present work, a novel fluorescent probe for Golgi localization utilizing naphthalimide derivatives was constructed to detect hypochlorous acid. The fluorescent probe used a derivatived 1,8-naphthalimide as the emitting fluorescence group, phenylsulfonamide as the localization group and dimethylthiocarbamate as the sensing unit. When HOCl was absent, the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process of the developed probe was hindered and the probe exhibited a weak fluorescence. When HOCl was present, the ICT process occurred and the probe showed strong green fluorescence. When the HOCl concentration was altered from 5.0 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-5 mol·L-1, the fluorescence intensity of the probe well linearly correlated with the HOCl concentration. The detection limit of 5.7 × 10-8 mol·L-1 was obtained for HOCl. The HOCl fluorescent probe possessed a rapid reaction time, a high selectivity and a broad working pH scope. In addition, the probe possessed good biocompatibility and had been magnificently employed to image Golgi HOCl in Hela cells. These characteristics of the probe demonstrated its ability to be used for sensing endogenous and exogenous hypochlorous acids within the Golgi apparatus of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Zhen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Jun-Hong Xu
- Department of Dynamical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, PR China
| | - Qiu-Juan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
| | - Bai-Yan Wang
- Key Discipline Laboratory of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
| | - Lin-Ke Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Nan-Nan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Shuang-Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Ge-Ge Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
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13
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Hiranmartsuwan P, Wangngae S, Nootem J, Kamkaew A, Daengngern R, Wattanathana W, Chansaenpak K. BODIPY-Based Fluorescent Probes for Selective Visualization of Endogenous Hypochlorous Acid in Living Cells via Triazolopyridine Formation. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:923. [PMID: 36354432 PMCID: PMC9687994 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the two pyridylhydrazone-tethered BODIPY compounds (2 and 3) were synthesized. These compounds aimed to detect hypochlorous acid (HOCl) species via cyclic triazolopyridine formation. The open forms and the resulting cyclic forms of BODIPYs (2, 3, 4, and 5) were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. These two probes can selectively detect HOCl through a fluorescence turn-on mechanism with the limit of detections of 0.21 µM and 0.77 µM for compounds 2 and 3, respectively. This fluorescence enhancement phenomenon could be the effect from C = N isomerization inhibition due to HOCl-triggered triazolopyridine formation. In cell imaging experiments, these compounds showed excellent biocompatibility toward RAW 264.7 murine live macrophage cells and greatly visualized endogenous HOCl in living cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peraya Hiranmartsuwan
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sirilak Wangngae
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Jukkrit Nootem
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Rathawat Daengngern
- Integrated Applied Chemistry Research Unit, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, School of Science, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Worawat Wattanathana
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kantapat Chansaenpak
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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14
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A New Phenylazo-Based Fluorescent Probe for Sensitive Detection of Hypochlorous Acid in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092978. [PMID: 35566328 PMCID: PMC9102862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we designed and synthesized a novel phenylazo-based fluorescent probe (RHN) for the sensing and imaging of hypochlorous acid (HClO) in mitochondria in living cells. In this process, HClO promoted the oxidation of the phenylazo group to generate a free Rhodol fluorophore moiety, which in turn restored strong fluorescence and realized the detection of HClO. As expected, RHN exhibited high selectivity, high sensitivity and rapid response, with detection limits as low as 22 nM (1.155 ng/mL). Importantly, the results of the cell imaging experiments indicated that RHN has the ability to image and sense HClO in mitochondria, which is of great significance for exploration of the specific role of HClO in both the immune system and diseases.
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15
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Enbanathan S, Manickam S, Munusamy S, Jothi D, Manoj Kumar S, Kulathu Iyer S. A phenanthridine-based probe for selective detection of hypochlorite ions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxime-based fluorescent chemosensor (E)-2-(4′-(7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,i]phenanthridin-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethen-1-ol (PBO) has been developed for the fluorimetric detection of hypochlorite ion (OCl−).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
| | - Saravanakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai-602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dhanapal Jothi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
| | - Selin Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
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16
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Wu Q, Tao T, Zhao Y, Huang W. A Flexible Chemosensor Based on Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual Modes for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Hypochlorite Anion. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:8082. [PMID: 34884086 PMCID: PMC8659631 DOI: 10.3390/s21238082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A flexible chemosensor has been developed based on colorimetric and fluorescent dual modes using tetraphenylethylene-centered tetraaniline (TPE4A) for rapid and sensitive detection of hypochlorite anion. The fluorescent probe TPE4A exhibits a unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) character which is proved by a blue shift of the fluorescent peak from 544 to 474 nm with the water equivalents increasing. With the addition of hypochlorite in solution, the absorbance of the probe changes and the responding fluorescence color can be observed to change from light green to purple. The detection limit of hypochlorite is 1.80 × 10-4 M in solution, and the visual detection limit is 1.27 µg/cm2 with the naked eye for the flexible paper-based chemosensor. The proposed flexible chemosensors show a good selectivity and sensitivity which has great potential for effective detection of hypochlorite anions without any spectroscopic instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Tao Tao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
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