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Rothenberg WA, Skinner AT, Lansford JE, Bacchini D, Bornstein MH, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Gurdal S, Junla D, Liu Q, Long Q, Oburu P, Pastorelli C, Sorbring E, Steinberg L, Tirado LMU, Yotanyamaneewong S, Alampay LP, Al-Hassan SM. How adolescents' lives were disrupted over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal investigation in 12 cultural groups in 9 nations from March 2020 to July 2022. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38273765 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
It is unclear how much adolescents' lives were disrupted throughout the COVID-19 pandemic or what risk factors predicted such disruption. To answer these questions, 1,080 adolescents in 9 nations were surveyed 5 times from March 2020 to July 2022. Rates of adolescent COVID-19 life disruption were stable and high. Adolescents who, compared to their peers, lived in nations with higher national COVID-19 death rates, lived in nations with less stringent COVID-19 mitigation strategies, had less confidence in their government's response to COVID-19, complied at higher rates with COVID-19 control measures, experienced the death of someone they knew due to COVID-19, or experienced more internalizing, externalizing, and smoking problems reported more life disruption due to COVID-19 during part or all of the pandemic. Additionally, when, compared to their typical levels of functioning, adolescents experienced spikes in national death rates, experienced less stringent COVID-19 mitigation measures, experienced less confidence in government response to the COVID-19 pandemic, complied at higher rates with COVID-19 control measures, experienced more internalizing problems, or smoked more at various periods during the pandemic, they also experienced more COVID-19 life disruption. Collectively, these findings provide new insights that policymakers can use to prevent the disruption of adolescents' lives in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Andrew Rothenberg
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- University of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Marc H Bornstein
- NICHD, Bethesda, MD, USA
- UNICEF, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK
| | | | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Qin Liu
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Long
- Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | | | | | | | - Laurence Steinberg
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Suha M Al-Hassan
- Abu Dhabi Early Childhood Authority, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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2
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Litwic-Kaminska K, Błachnio A, Kapsa I, Brzeziński Ł, Kopowski J, Stojković M, Hinić D, Krsmanović I, Ragni B, Sulla F, Limone P. Resilience, Positivity and Social Support as Perceived Stress Predictors among University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6892. [PMID: 37835162 PMCID: PMC10572749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have been trying to identify which personal resources can contribute to minimizing the mental health costs in students incurred due to the restrictions that disrupted safety and predictability in their academic lives. The aim of the study was to verify if and how individual factors (resilience and positivity) and socio-environmental factors (social support and nationality) allow prediction of the level of perceived stress. University students (n = 559) from Poland, Serbia, and Italy were surveyed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), the Positivity Scale (PS), and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12). Personal resources-positivity, resilience, and support-were found to be positively interrelated and significantly associated with stress levels. Additionally, gender and nationality differentiated stress levels. A general linear model (GLM) showed that levels of perceived stress are best explained by resilience, positivity, tangible support, and gender. The results obtained can strengthen students' awareness of personal resources and their protective role in maintaining mental health, as well as contribute to the creation of prevention-oriented educational activities. Nationality was not a significant predictor of the level of perceived stress, which highlights the universality of examined predictors among university students from different countries and suggests that interventions aimed at enhancing these resources could benefit students across different cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Błachnio
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Izabela Kapsa
- Faculty of Political Science and Administration, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-671 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Brzeziński
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kopowski
- Faculty of Computer Science, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Milica Stojković
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Darko Hinić
- Department of Psychology, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Krsmanović
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Benedetta Ragni
- Department of Humanistic Studies, Learning Science Hub, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Francesco Sulla
- Department of Humanistic Studies, Learning Science Hub, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Humanistic Studies, Learning Science Hub, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.S.); (P.L.)
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Carey RL, Bailey MJ, Polanco CI. How the COVID-19 pandemic shaped adolescents' future orientations: Insights from a global scoping review. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101655. [PMID: 37540938 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Throughout adolescence, youth imagine what the future holds and determine plans to achieve their educational, professional, and personal goals. In this article, we review research that explores how adolescents' future orientations were shaped by the societal unpredictability, physical and mental health risks, and educational disruptions brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings show that the pandemic, which exacerbated existing societal inequities, also heightened adolescents' social awareness, provoked feelings of uncertainty, and altered adolescents' short- and long-term plans for educational and career prospects. Throughout school building closures and program cancellations, families played a greater role in fostering adolescents' plans. With prospects for more societal uncertainty on the horizon, future directions point toward supporting adolescents in developing adaptable and flexible future orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick L Carey
- University of Delaware, College of Education and Human Development, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Michelle J Bailey
- University of Delaware, College of Education and Human Development, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Camila I Polanco
- University of Delaware, College of Education and Human Development, Newark, DE, USA
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Bobba B, Lynch LS, Sugimura K, Crocetti E. I was, I am, I will be: Identity and time perspective before and during COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:762-773. [PMID: 36747335 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ways in which youth reach a stable identity, a core developmental task of emerging adulthood, are intertwined with their perceptions of the past, present, and future. Additionally, these dynamics are embedded in and are strongly influenced by the socio-historical context and concurrent events, such as COVID-19. This study examines how different groups of emerging adults (university students and workers) engage in identity processes in educational/vocational and interpersonal domains and frame their perspective of time before (N = 299, Mage = 21.90; 51.4% females) and during the pandemic (N = 497; Mage = 23.11; 68.2% females). Significant differences in identity processes and time perspective emerged between the two cohorts. Moreover, significant associations between identity and time perspective were found to be similar across different identity domains and cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bobba
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Stella Lynch
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kazumi Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Barbieri V, Piccoliori G, Mahlknecht A, Plagg B, Ausserhofer D, Engl A, Wiedermann CJ. Adolescent Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Interplay of Age, Gender, and Mental Health Outcomes in Two Consecutive Cross-Sectional Surveys in Northern Italy. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:643. [PMID: 37622783 PMCID: PMC10451173 DOI: 10.3390/bs13080643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the development of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental health among adolescents in Northern Italy by comparing cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2021 and 2022, with a particular focus on the influence of age and gender. The sample included adolescents aged 11-19 years from public schools in South Tyrol. Validated psychometric instruments were used to assess HRQoL, anxiety and depression symptoms, and psychosomatic complaints. Sociodemographic variables, COVID-19 burden, and pandemic-related factors were measured. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, correlation coefficients, and logistic regression analyses. The results indicated that while the self-reported burden of adolescents decreased significantly in 2022 (n = 1885) compared to 2021 (n = 1760), there were no significant differences in symptoms of anxiety, depressive symptoms, low HRQoL, and increased psychosomatic complaints between the two surveys for both early and late adolescents. Females consistently had higher percentages for all outcome variables, and symptoms of anxiety increased with age in females, but not in males. Both genders experienced an increase in depressive symptoms and low HRQoL with age. The co-occurrence of mental health outcomes was observed, suggesting overlapping patterns among anxiety, depression, low HRQoL, and psychosomatic complaints. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between age, gender, and mental health outcomes among adolescents during the pandemic. It is important to recognize that late adolescents may exhibit distinct vulnerabilities and may require tailored support approaches to address their specific mental health challenges, differing from those needed for early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Barbieri
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
| | - Giuliano Piccoliori
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
| | - Angelika Mahlknecht
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
| | - Barbara Plagg
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
- Faculty of Education, Free University of Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Dietmar Ausserhofer
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
| | - Adolf Engl
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
| | - Christian J. Wiedermann
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, Claudiana College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy (A.E.)
- Department of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology—Tyrol, 6060 Hall, Austria
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Introduction to Special Issue “Parenting in the 21st Century”. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of parenting and parent–child relationships is often dramatically affected by the historical period in which one raises children [...]
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Future Orientation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Italian University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Resilience and the Perceived Threat of COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10060974. [PMID: 35742025 PMCID: PMC9223037 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have already examined the psychological impact of COVID-19 on psychological well-being in samples of the general population. However, given the importance of future orientation for university students’ mental well-being, it is important to explore whether and how COVID-19 affected this vulnerable population. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the protective role of future orientation and the mediating effect of resilience on negative emotional symptoms (anxiety and depression). An online questionnaire was administered to a sample of 244 non-infected Italian university students. The mediation analysis results indicated that resilience fully mediated the relationship between anxiety and depression. Finally, the perceived threat of death from COVID-19 moderated the association between resilience and anxiety. This study shows that university students with higher levels of future orientation exhibit higher resilience levels and, consequently, fewer symptoms of negative emotions.
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