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Branquinho C, Moraes B, Noronha C, Ferreira T, Neto Rodrigues N, Gaspar de Matos M. Perceived Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction: Does the Role of Gender, Age, Skills, and Psychological Factors Remain Relevant after the COVID-19 Pandemic? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1460. [PMID: 37761421 PMCID: PMC10528662 DOI: 10.3390/children10091460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After two years of psychological, physical, social, economic, environmental, and societal challenges, this paper examines the psychological health and well-being of Portuguese students based on their socioemotional skills (SSES), positive youth development (PYD), depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS), as well as the relationship between these variables and their influence on perceived quality of life and life satisfaction. METHODS This study examined 3235 students from lower to upper secondary, half of whom were female (M = 14.46 ± 1.883 years old). Using SPSS software, descriptive statistics were determined for all variables; mean differences between age and gender were found using ANOVA and the post hoc Scheffe test. Linear regressions with the Enter method were used to study how to predict perceived quality of life and satisfaction with life. RESULTS Males had scores indicating more SSES|optimism, emotional control, resilience, confidence, sociability, creativity, energy, a sense of belonging to school, and PYD. Girls had better skills for cooperating and relating to teachers but more test anxiety and DASS. Younger adolescents had better psychological health, greater skills, and a better perception of quality of life and life satisfaction when compared to older adolescents. Age, gender, SSES, PYD, and the DASS variables can explain 69% of the variance in life satisfaction, while these variables can explain 60.5% of the variance in perceived quality of life. CONCLUSIONS These results point to the relevance of SSES for psychological health and well-being, suggesting that interventions should focus on promoting these variables, paying special attention to female gender and age-related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Branquinho
- Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (B.M.); (C.N.)
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Dream Teens/Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Bárbara Moraes
- Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (B.M.); (C.N.)
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Dream Teens/Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Noronha
- Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (B.M.); (C.N.)
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Dream Teens/Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Tomás Ferreira
- Dream Teens/Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Neto Rodrigues
- Directorate-General for Education and Science Statistics, 1399-054 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (B.M.); (C.N.)
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Dream Teens/Aventura Social Project, 1400-415 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Portuguese Catholic University, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA—University Institute, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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Galán-Arroyo C, Gómez-Paniagua S, Contreras-Barraza N, Adsuar JC, Olivares PR, Rojo-Ramos J. Bullying and Self-Concept, Factors Affecting the Mental Health of School Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2214. [PMID: 37570453 PMCID: PMC10418767 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullying is an aggressive and repetitive behavior, where one person or several people physically, socially, or emotionally harm a vulnerable person and provokean imbalance of power in a school setting. Several factors such as age, sex, school performance, psychological factors, and ethnicity have been associated with bullying and more are being sought. Thus, the objectives of this study were as follows: (1) analyze the differences in bullying (victimization and aggression) and self-concept (academic, social, emotional, family, and physical) with respect to sex, school location, and educational level among Spanish adolescents; (2) explore the associations of bullying and self-concept with these sociodemographic dimensions. A cross-sectional study was designed with a total of 1155 participants (between 12 and 18 years old); there were 48.8% boys and 51.2% girls, where 75.9% studied compulsory secondary education (CSE) and 24.1% Baccalaureate, and 31.9% were students from rural schools and 68.1% were from urban schools. Medium and inverse correlations were shown between victimization and self-concept at the general level, for both sexes, both types of school, and both educational stages. For the aggression dimension, the correlations with self-concept were inverse at the general level (low), in girls (low), in rural students (medium), and in compulsory secondary education students (medium). For academic self-concept and family self-concept, the associations were medium and inverse with bullying in all variables. For emotional self-concept the correlation with bullying was direct and medium in all variables; in physical self-concept, the correlations with bullying were inverse in almost all variables except in boys. Self-concept may be a protective factor for bullying and interventions should aim at adolescents building a positive multidimensional self-concept that prevents and protects them from bullying either as aggressor or victim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Galán-Arroyo
- Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQoL), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
- Sport, Health & Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco Polytechnic Institute, School of Education, Department Sport and Well-Being, 6000-266 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Santiago Gómez-Paniagua
- BioẼrgon Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Pedro R. Olivares
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Lindell-Postigo D, Zurita-Ortega F, Melguizo-Ibáñez E, González-Valero G, Ortiz-Franco M, Ubago-Jiménez JL. Effectiveness of a Judo Intervention Programme on the Psychosocial Area in Secondary School Education Students. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:140. [PMID: 37624120 PMCID: PMC10457884 DOI: 10.3390/sports11080140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, many combat sports are pedagogically conceived as uneducational and unreliable for the development of young people. The present research aims to investigate the influence of a Judo intervention programme on the motivational climate towards sport, aggressive behaviour, emotional intelligence, and self-concept in secondary school students and to establish the relationships between them. This objective was broken down into (a) developing an explanatory model of the variables mentioned above and (b) testing the model equations through a multi-group analysis in terms of pre-test and post-test. The present study conducted a pre-post-test quasi-experimental design with a single experimental group. The sample consisted of a total of 139 adolescents (12.67 ± 1.066), 50.4% of whom were male (n = 70) and 49.6% female (n = 69). The results show that the intervention decreased all types of aggression and increased levels of emotional intelligence. An increase in social, physical and academic self-concept and decreases in the family and emotional areas were also observed. Finally, for the motivational climate, a tendency towards the ego climate to the detriment of the task climate was observed. It is concluded that the Judo intervention programme is effective in decreasing aggressive behaviour and effective in increasing levels of emotional intelligence and self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain (G.G.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | - Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain (G.G.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain (G.G.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | | | - José Luis Ubago-Jiménez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain (G.G.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
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Li B, Ng K, Tong X, Zhou X, Ye J, Yu JJ. Physical activity and mental health in children and youth during COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:92. [PMID: 37468975 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and universal mitigation strategies have fundamentally affected peoples' lives worldwide, particularly during the first two years of the pandemic. Reductions in physical activity (PA) and increased mental health (MH) problems among children and youth have been observed. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) among children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Four electronic databases (EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) were systematically searched to identify studies that (1) examined the relationship between PA and MH among children and youth (aged 2-24 years old) and (2) were published in peer-reviewed journals in English between January 2020 and December 2021. Relationships between PA and two MH aspects (i.e., negative and positive psychological responses) among children and youth at different age ranges and those with disabilities or chronic conditions (DCC) were synthesized. Meta-analyses were also performed for eligible studies to determine the pooled effect size. RESULTS A total of 58 studies were eventually included for variable categorization, with 32 eligible for meta-analyses. Our synthesis results showed that greater PA participation was strongly related to lower negative psychological responses (i.e., anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, fatigue, and mental health problems) and higher positive psychological responses (i.e., general well-being and vigor) in children and youth during COVID-19. The pattern and strength of relations between PA and MH outcomes varied across age ranges and health conditions, with preschoolers and those with DCC receiving less attention in the existing research. Meta-analysis results showed that the magnitude of associations of PA with negative (Fisher's z = - 0.198, p < 0.001) and positive (Fisher's z = 0.170, p < 0.001) psychological responses among children and youth was weak. These results were linked to age of participants, study quality, and reporting of PA-related information. CONCLUSIONS PA participation and MH among children and youth deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic and were closely associated with each other. For the post-COVID-19 era, additional research on age- and health condition-specific relationships between PA and MH outcomes from a comprehensive perspective is warranted. (Word count: 344 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kwok Ng
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Xiuhong Tong
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchuan Ye
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jane Jie Yu
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Jauch M, Lalot F, Greifeneder R. No man is an island: Men living alone during
COVID
‐19 report lower need satisfaction and well‐being. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Jauch
- Faculty of Psychology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Fanny Lalot
- Faculty of Psychology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- School of Psychology University of Kent Canterbury UK
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Zurita-Ortega F, Alonso-Vargas JM, Puertas-Molero P, González-Valero G, Ubago-Jiménez JL, Melguizo-Ibáñez E. Levels of Physical Activity, Family Functioning and Self-Concept in Elementary and High School Education Students: A Structural Equation Model. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:163. [PMID: 36670713 PMCID: PMC9856633 DOI: 10.3390/children10010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the adolescent population there is great concern about low levels of physical activity and low levels of family awareness of the benefits of physical exercise on physical and mental health. This study aims to determine the influence of physical activity levels, family functioning and self-concept in primary and secondary school students, as well as to develop a structural equation model as a function of weekly physical activity time. A descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted on whether students engage in more than three hours of physical activity per week. To collect the data, instruments validated by the scientific community were used, such as the Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve family questionnaire (APGAR) and the self-concept questionnaire form 5. The results show that those students who engage in more than 3 h of physical activity per week have higher levels of family functioning than those who do not meet this sport criterion. In addition, physically active students show higher scores on all dimensions of self-concept than those who practice less than 3 h of physical activity per week. Finally, as a conclusion, it can be affirmed that the amount of physical activity practice brings benefits to student's mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Alonso-Vargas
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Frömel K, Groffik D, Valach P, ŠafáŘ M, MitአJ. The Impact of Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity and Well-Being of Czech and Polish Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2022; 92:1137-1147. [PMID: 35916129 PMCID: PMC9539205 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify the changes in the structure of weekly physical activity (PA) and well-being among adolescent boys and girls between habitual education (HE) and distance education (DE) during the pandemic in secondary schools. METHODS The research was carried out in 12 Czech and 18 Polish schools during 2019 to 2020 academic session for HE and 2020 to 2021 academic session for DE. The research involved 723 girls and 626 boys aged 15 to 18 years. The structure of the weekly PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form, while well-being was assessed using the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index. RESULTS There was a statistically significant decrease of PA among boys in school PA, transportation PA, recreation PA, vigorous PA, moderate PA, walking, and overall weekly PA during the DE resulting from the pandemic. In girls, during DE, a decrease was observed in school PA, vigorous PA, and overall PA. During DE, a high level of well-being was reported by only 34.9% of girls (43.8% during HE) and 50% of boys (65.6% during HE). CONCLUSIONS The observed low PA and high incidence of depressive symptoms in adolescents in distance education during pandemic constraints are a challenge for schools to change in supporting physical activity, eliminating similar negative impacts on school life in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Frömel
- Faculty of Physical CulturePalacký University Olomouc, třída Míru, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Faculty of Physical Education, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska 72a, 40‐065 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Dorota Groffik
- Faculty of Physical Education, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska 72a, 40‐065KatowicePoland
| | - Petr Valach
- Faculty of EducationUniversity of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 2732/8301 00PilsenCzech Republic
| | - Michal ŠafáŘ
- Faculty of Physical CulturePalacký University Olomouc, třída Míru, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef MitáŠ
- Faculty of Physical CulturePalacký University Olomouc, třída Míru, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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González-Serrano MH, González-García RJ, Gómez-Tafalla A, Refoyo Román I, García-Pascual F, Calabuig F. Promoting Physical Activity Habits after Completing Secondary School: Does the Age Matter? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14160. [PMID: 36361037 PMCID: PMC9655472 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the most important problems in our society, especially during adolescence. During this stage of schooling, students practice physical activity in physical education classes, but after they finish school, many of them stop practicing it. This research aims to determine which variables predict the intention to practice physical activity after finishing secondary school and to discover the effect that age during adolescence has on these predictive variables. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of secondary school students. The results show that physical exercise identity influences the three antecedents of this theory, while the attitude towards the behaviour (β = 0.13; p < 0.05), perceived behavioural control (β = 0.46; p < 0.05), and physical self-concept (β = 0.41; p < 0.05), have a statistically significant influence on the intention to be physically active. Moreover, when the age is lower, is more important to develop a positive perceived behavioural control and physical exercise identity. Moreover, for younger male adolescents instead of the physical exercise itself, identity seems more important in developing a positive attitude towards behaviour. Likewise, in young female adolescents a low level of support from their close environment (subjective norm) leads to dropping out. The research concludes with the importance of including these variables in physical education classes to promote physical activity practice after completion of secondary school. Some practical implications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Huertas González-Serrano
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana Gómez-Tafalla
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Refoyo Román
- Departamento de Deportes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Pascual
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ferran Calabuig
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Melguizo-Ibáñez E, Zurita-Ortega F, González-Valero G, Puertas-Molero P, Badicu G, Greco G, Cataldi S, Fischetti F. Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption on Physical Activity and Physical and Social Self-Concept in Secondary School Students: An Explanatory Model Regarding Gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610243. [PMID: 36011878 PMCID: PMC9408357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the adolescent population consumes substances that are harmful to health at an earlier age. Therefore, the present research aimed to (i) develop an explanatory model of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption on physical self-concept, social self-concept, and physical activity practice and (ii) contrast the model through a multi-group analysis according to the gender of the participants. For this purpose, descriptive, comparative, and cross-sectional research was carried out on adolescent students (M = 13.91; SD = 1.31, years), using the Self-Concept Form 5 Questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), and the State Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education (ETUDES) for data collection. Findings revealed that the consumption of harmful substances has a positive impact on the social area and the practice of physical exercise, showing a negative relationship between the latter variable and the social and physical area of self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Puertas-Molero
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Negative Physical Self-Concept Is Associated to Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Negative Lifestyle and Poor Mental Health in Chilean Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132771. [PMID: 35807951 PMCID: PMC9269072 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that physical self-concept (PSC) is linked to well-being in children and adolescents. Objective: The objective was to investigate the association of PSC with mental health (i.e., depression and body image), physical status (i.e., fitness and weight status) and lifestyle (physical activity (PA) patterns and nutritional level) in Chilean schoolchildren. Methods: A total of 617 schoolchildren (n = 271 girls and n = 346 boys) aged 10−14 years participated in this study. Self-concept, depression and body image dissatisfaction were determined by questionnaires. Physical fitness, PA, screen time (ST), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and anthropometric parameters were also included. Results: Poor PSC was linked to bad cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (<42 VO2max) (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.12−2.34; p = 0.01), severe body image dissatisfaction (OR 2.51, 95%CI 0.99−6.35; p = 0.05), ST of more than two hours a day (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.41−3.12; p < 0.001), PA after school of no more than two hours per week (OR 1.52; 95%CI 1.08−2.13; p = 0.015) and depression (OR 1.80; 95%CI 1.1−2.92; p = 0.017). High nutritional level showed an association with general PSC and general self-concept (p < 0.05). Absence of body image dissatisfaction was related to general self-concept (p < 0.01) and physical condition dimensions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: PSC is associated with CRF, PA after school, ST and nutritional level. According to mental health variables, poor PSC is related to depression in Chilean schoolchildren. Therefore, promoting a healthy lifestyle among children should be a target of community- and school-based interventions to promote PSC.
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Exploring the Correlation between Time Management, the Mediterranean Diet, and Physical Activity: A Comparative Study between Spanish and Romanian University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052554. [PMID: 35270247 PMCID: PMC8909744 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation started from the premise that there are links between time management (TM), physical activity (PA), and the Mediterranean diet (MD). The aim of our study is to determine the correlation between the variables TM, the MD, and PA in Spanish and Romanian university students. METHODS The study was conducted on a group of 296 students (198 Romanian and 98 Spanish students between the ages of 23.44 ± 5.92 years, with 108 males and 188 females, where 171 were from the sports faculty and 125 were from the psychology faculty), using the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) to measure TM, the KIDMED test to measure MD, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) to measure PA. RESULTS The obtained results show that there are significant differences, regarding MD and PA, between the Romanian and Spanish respondents, between the respondents from the sports faculty and those from the psychology faculty, and between the female and male respondents. The TM variable did not show a significant difference depending on the country, faculty, or gender. There was only a significant relationship between the MD and the other two variables (TM and PA). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were observed between the variables the MD and PA, but not TM, depending on the country, gender, and faculty. There was only a significant correlation between the MD and the other two variables (TM and PA). The results provided us with relevant data for the need for a TM protocol to improve the MD adherence and PA in university students.
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McNeill B, Gillon GT. Lockdown Experiences of 10-13 Year Olds in New Zealand. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL STUDIES 2021; 57:173-189. [PMID: 38624791 PMCID: PMC8715840 DOI: 10.1007/s40841-021-00237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of lockdowns that include the closure of educational facilities for face to face teaching has been one of the strategies used internationally to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Research suggests lockdowns are associated with negative impacts on children's psycho-social functioning, Most research, however, has been conducted in countries where extended lockdown periods have been in place and has primarily used parent/child survey to gain insight into lockdown effects. The current study was conducted in the context of New Zealand's initial 7-week national lockdown which allowed examination of the impact of a relatively short lockdown period. Participants (n = 139) aged 10 to 13 years from one school were interviewed face to face about their experiences during lockdown immediately following the re-opening of schools. Participants' self-concept was also evaluated to gain an understanding of their psycho-social skills after lockdown. Qualitative analysis identified positive and negative features of lockdown from children's perspectives. Analysis also focused on changes to children's relationships with close family members during lockdown. The findings have implications for identifying how to optimise lockdown experiences for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid McNeill
- School of Teacher Education, College of Education Health and Human Development, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand
- University of Canterbury Child Well-being Research Institute, College of Education Health and Human Development, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Better Start National Science Challenge, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gail T. Gillon
- University of Canterbury Child Well-being Research Institute, College of Education Health and Human Development, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Better Start National Science Challenge, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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13
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Paterson DC, Ramage K, Moore SA, Riazi N, Tremblay MS, Faulkner G. Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the movement behaviors of children and youth: A scoping review of evidence after the first year. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:675-689. [PMID: 34237456 PMCID: PMC8687706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this scoping review was to summarize systematically the available literature investigating the relationships between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) of school-aged children (aged 5-11 years) and youth (aged 12-17 years) in the first year of the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS Searches for published literature were conducted across 6 databases on 2 separate search dates (November 25, 2020, and January 27, 2021). Results were screened and extracted by 2 reviewers (DCP and KR) independently, using Covidence. Basic numeric analysis and content analysis were undertaken to present thematically the findings of included studies according to the associated impact on each movement behavior. RESULTS A total of 1486 records were extracted from database searches; of those, 150 met inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Of 150 articles, 110 were empirical studies examining physical activity (n = 77), sedentary behavior/screen time (n = 58), and sleep (n = 55). Results consistently reported declines in physical-activity time, increases in screen time and total sedentary behavior, shifts to later bed and wake times, and increases in sleep duration. The reported impacts on movement behaviors were greater for youth than for children. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic is related to changes in the quantity and nature of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among children and youth. There is an urgent need for policy makers, practitioners, and researchers to develop solutions for attenuating adverse changes in physical activity and screen time among children and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Paterson
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Katelynn Ramage
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Sarah A Moore
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Negin Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 5B2, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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14
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Zhao X, Zhao B, Li W, Cai Y, Shi W, Li C. Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 41:8181-8191. [PMID: 34393463 PMCID: PMC8346342 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02170-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show an enhanced response to stressors, and gender plays an important role in stress response. Thus, autistic traits (ATs) in the general population and gender may regulate the emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present study, participants were divided into higher and lower ATs groups. The generalized linear models were used to estimate the effects of the independent variables (e.g. the COVID-19 pandemic status (before, during), gender (male, female), and AT groups (higher ATs, lower ATs) and their interactions on emotions measured by the Positive and Negative Affect scales. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic reduced positive emotions and increased fear and anger. Furthermore, compared with the status before the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals with higher ATs and females experienced stronger anger and fear than individuals with lower ATs and males during the pandemic. The present study revealed the emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and greater emotional susceptibility to the pandemic among individuals with higher ATs and females. Our findings provide prospective evidence for understanding the ASD/ATs-related enhanced response to pathogen threat-related stressors and have implications for COVID-19 crisis interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binglei Zhao
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Cai
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendian Shi
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Berasategi Sancho N, Idoiaga Mondragon N, Dosil Santamaria M, Eiguren Munitis A. The Well-being of children in lock-down: Physical, emotional, social and academic impact. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2021; 127:106085. [PMID: 34728873 PMCID: PMC8554137 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on societies. In the interest of maintaining social distancing, schools in many countries have closed their doors and children have been confined to their homes. Thus, the objective of the present study was to holistically analyze the well-being of children during a period of full lockdown in Spain, by considering physical, emotional, social, and academic indicators. The scale "Well-being of Children in Lockdown" (WCL) was used to measure the well-being of 1225 children from 2 to 12 years old from Northern Spain. The survey was completed by the parents and was designed to analyze children's well-being in terms of physical, emotional, social and academic aspects. The results suggest that the general well-being of children during lockdown was at an intermediate level. Analysis of the various measures of well-being revealed that the lowest levels were obtained for physical activity, along with creative and playful activities. Girls, younger children, and those who have access to an outdoor space showed the greatest levels of well-being. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for the well-being of children and, in particular, how this can be improved amid the current Covid-19 crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahia Idoiaga Mondragon
- Department of Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Maria Dosil Santamaria
- Department of Research and Diagnostic Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Amaia Eiguren Munitis
- Department Didactics and School Organisation, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
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Percepción de las fortalezas de los adolescentes durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. REVISTA DIGITAL INTERNACIONAL DE PSICOLOGÍA Y CIENCIA SOCIAL 2021. [DOI: 10.22402/j.rdipycs.unam.7.2.2021.359.204-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
El confinamiento por COVID-19 obligó a modificar la forma de interacción de la población en general, por lo que se decide indagar la percepción que tiene un grupo de adolescentes de sus fortalezas externas e internas antes y durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Se aplicó la escala de Fortalezas (Betancourt, Andrade, González, & Sánchez, 2018) a estudiantes de una secundaria pública de tiempo completo en Guadalajara, México. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y prueba t para muestras relacionadas con el SPSS v.25 y se agruparon por sexo. Los resultados indican que, si bien los participantes percibieron un incremento significativo para ambos sexos en el apoyo de la madre, en contraparte la supervisión de la madre disminuyó. En el caso de las mujeres disminuyó la percepción de los hábitos saludables de los amigos. En los varones, se percibió disminución en la responsabilidad, así como un aumento en las habilidades para la toma de decisiones.
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Zurita-Ortega F, Lindell-Postigo D, González-Valero G, Puertas-Molero P, Ortiz-Franco M, Muros JJ. Analysis of the psychometric properties of the five-factor self-concept questionnaire (AF-5) in Spanish students during the COVID-19 lockdown. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:1-10. [PMID: 34092986 PMCID: PMC8165503 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The present research aims to analyse the psychometric properties of the AF5 questionnaire for its adaptation for use with young people during a lockdown period. Research was conducted with a sample of 534 students aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.49; SD = 1.805). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the FACTOR program and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using the M-PLUS 7 program. Results indicate that a four-dimensional model is most appropriate for bringing together the emotional and physical dimensions. Further, 11 items were removed due to poor factor loadings. The majority of factors were directly and positively correlated (99%; p < .01). The data obtained supports conclusions that the AF-5 meets validity and reliability requirements for it to be considered a useful instrument for use with young people during the COVID-19 lockdown period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - David Lindell-Postigo
- Teacher of Novaschool Sunland International, Carretera de Cártama Estación a Pizarra, s/n 29580, Estación de Cártama, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Puertas-Molero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Ortiz-Franco
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - José Joaquín Muros
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
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Reuter L, Fenn J, Bilo TA, Schulz M, Weyland AL, Kiesel A, Thomaschke R. Leisure walks modulate the cognitive and affective representation of the corona pandemic: Employing Cognitive-Affective Maps within a randomized experimental design. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 13:952-967. [PMID: 34038624 PMCID: PMC8239580 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In response to the corona pandemic, many leisure activities have been restricted while walking has been explicitly endorsed by health authorities. We investigated how leisure walking affects individuals' attitudes to the pandemic. We used Cognitive‐Affective Maps (CAMs) to measure individual's cognitive and affective attitudes toward the corona pandemic and related issues. In a controlled randomized experiment, we asked (N = 66) participants to draw a CAM before and after a walk. Participants in a control group drew CAMs before and after any self‐chosen activity at home. We found that walking led to a more negative evaluation of the pandemic itself, likely due to a more intense reflection, while in everyday routines one has already adapted to it. In further qualitative post hoc assessments of the CAMs, we observed that negative concepts other than corona disappeared after walking. We conclude that leisure walks have complex effects on individuals' cognitive and affective conceptualization of the corona pandemic. Hence, the exact mechanisms of these effects need to be examined in future research. Our study has also shown that CAMs are a promising tool for measuring experimental interventions in health psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Reuter
- Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julius Fenn
- Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Schulz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Kiesel
- Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Fathirezaie Z, Abbaspour K, Badicu G, Zamani Sani SH, Nobari H. The Effect of Environmental Contexts on Motor Proficiency and Social Maturity of Children: An Ecological Perspective. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020157. [PMID: 33669542 PMCID: PMC7923079 DOI: 10.3390/children8020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Physical environmental factors affect the developmental process of children. Thus, the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the two intervention models of affordances on the motor proficiency and social maturity of children. A semi-experimental research design with a pretest–posttest design and two groups were used, adopting the convenience method. Two groups of 15 children (aged 5.5–6.5 years) engaged in 12 weeks of nature school or kindergarten. The Bruininks–Oseretsky test of motor proficiency and the Vineland social maturity scale were used. The results of a mixed ANOVA showed that natural outdoor activity has a greater positive effect on motor proficiency and social maturity than kindergarten activities. Intra-group analysis also showed that both groups had progressed, but the nature school group made more progress. These results were discussed and interpreted based on the types of environmental affordances, Gibson’s theory, Bronfenbrenner theory, and child-friendly environment. It was suggested that natural environmental stimulations play a critical role in optimal child motor and social development during the early stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fathirezaie
- Physical Education and Sport Science Faculty, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran; (K.A.); (S.H.Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (G.B.); Tel.: +98-41-3339-3386 (Z.F.); +40-769219271 (G.B.)
| | - Kosar Abbaspour
- Physical Education and Sport Science Faculty, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran; (K.A.); (S.H.Z.S.)
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068 Braşov, Romania
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (G.B.); Tel.: +98-41-3339-3386 (Z.F.); +40-769219271 (G.B.)
| | - Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani
- Physical Education and Sport Science Faculty, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran; (K.A.); (S.H.Z.S.)
| | - Hadi Nobari
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
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Lautenbach F, Leisterer S, Walter N, Kronenberg L, Manges T, Leis O, Pelikan V, Gebhardt S, Elbe AM. Amateur and Recreational Athletes' Motivation to Exercise, Stress, and Coping During the Corona Crisis. Front Psychol 2021; 11:611658. [PMID: 33584445 PMCID: PMC7873522 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.611658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mobility worldwide. As a corollary, the health of top- and lower-level athletes alike is profoundly reliant on movement and exercise. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on athletes' motivation to exercise and train. In detail, we aim to better understand who (i.e., demographic, sport-specific, and psychological state and trait variables) reported a change in motivation to train due to the lockdown, why they reported lower motivation (i.e., open-ended questions on problems), what they did to help themselves, what support they received from others, and what they are looking forward to after the lockdown (i.e., open questions). Questionnaire data and answers to these open-ended questions were assessed via an online questionnaire, completed by 95 amateur and recreational athletes during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany (April to mid-May 2020). Results show that greater numbers of female athletes are less motivated to train in comparison to male athletes (p = 0.029). No differences in motivation were found regarding type of sport (individual vs. team sport) and number of competitions during the year. Also, more motivated to train amateur and recreational athletes showed lower athletic identity than athletes who reported no change in motivation to exercise during the lockdown (p = 0.03). Additionally, differences in state emotional, perceived stress, and personality variables (i.e., orientation to happiness, volition) were found between athletes who stated that they were less motivated to train compared to athletes who reported no changes in motivation. In particular, closure of sports facilities and social distancing measures were perceived to be highly problematic. Even though athletes received emotional support, organized themselves via routines and schedules, and trained using online tools, they predominately stated that they wished that their coaches would have supported them more. Understanding the impacts of a pandemic-related lockdown on athletes' motivation, athletes' coping strategies, and their desired support will help better support them in future crises.
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Román-Mata SS, Zurita-Ortega F, Puertas-Molero P, Badicu G, González-Valero G. A Predictive Study of Resilience and Its Relationship with Academic and Work Dimensions during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3258. [PMID: 33053785 PMCID: PMC7601764 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to describe the resilience levels in a Spanish population during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and to analyze the existing associations between high resilience and socio-demographic, work, and academic parameters. METHOD 1176 individuals aged 18-67 years participated in a descriptive cross-sectional study. The participants were administered the 10-item resilience scale developed by Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC-10) and an ad-hoc questionnaire that collected information on socio-demographic, work, and academic variables. Basic descriptive data were used to statistically analyze the data, and a binary logistic regression model was developed incorporating the professional occupation, academic level, whether the respondent worked in emergency services, and whether the respondent had dependents. RESULTS Slightly more than a quarter of the participants showed low resilience, almost half reported moderate resilience, and slightly more than a quarter had high resilience. Those who were employed were 2.16-times more likely to have high resilience, whilst those with higher education were 1.57-times more likely. Those working in emergency services were 1.66-times more likely, and those with dependents were 1.58-times more likely to have high resilience. CONCLUSION In addition to the relationships found, a need to improve the resilience levels in the population was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia San Román-Mata
- Nursing Department, University of Granada (Spain), Campus Universitario de Melilla, Calle Santander 1, 52005 Melilla, Spain;
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada (Spain), Campus de Cartuja, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (P.P.-M.); (G.G.-V.)
| | - Pilar Puertas-Molero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada (Spain), Campus de Cartuja, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (P.P.-M.); (G.G.-V.)
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500068 Brașov, Romania
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada (Spain), Campus de Cartuja, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (P.P.-M.); (G.G.-V.)
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