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Niamnuy C, Sungsinchai S, Jarernsamrit P, Devahastin S, Chareonpanich M. Synthesis and characterization of aluminosilicate and zinc silicate from sugarcane bagasse fly ash for adsorption of aflatoxin B1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14562. [PMID: 38914625 PMCID: PMC11196643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse fly ash, a residual product resulting from the incineration of biomass to generate power and steam, is rich in SiO2. Sodium silicate is a fundamental material for synthesizing highly porous silica-based adsorbents to serve circular practices. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a significant contaminant in animal feeds, necessitates the integration of adsorbents, crucial for reducing aflatoxin concentrations during the digestive process of animals. This research aimed to synthesize aluminosilicate and zinc silicate derived from sodium silicate based on sugarcane bagasse fly ash, each characterized by a varied molar ratio of aluminum (Al) to silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) to silicon (Si), respectively. The primary focus of this study was to evaluate their respective capacities for adsorbing AFB1. It was revealed that aluminosilicate exhibited notably superior AFB1 adsorption capabilities compared to zinc silicate and silica. Furthermore, the adsorption efficacy increased with higher molar ratios of Al:Si for aluminosilicate and Zn:Si for zinc silicate. The N2 confirmed AFB1 adsorption within the pores of the adsorbent. In particular, the aluminosilicate variant with a molar ratio of 0.08 (Al:Si) showcased the most substantial AFB1 adsorption capacity, registering at 88.25% after an in vitro intestinal phase. The adsorption ability is directly correlated with the presence of surface acidic sites and negatively charged surfaces. Notably, the kinetics of the adsorption process were best elucidated through the application of the pseudo-second-order model, effectively describing the behavior of both aluminosilicate and zinc silicate in adsorbing AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalida Niamnuy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Sirada Sungsinchai
- School of Food Industry, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Jarernsamrit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sakamon Devahastin
- Advanced Food Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha U-Tid Road, Tungkru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Metta Chareonpanich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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Maguey-González JA, Liu J, Zhang G, Latorre JD, Hernández-Ramírez JO, de Jesús Nava-Ramírez M, Senas-Cuesta R, Gómez-Rosales S, de Lourdes Ángeles M, Stein A, Solís-Cruz B, Hernández-Patlán D, Merino-Guzmán R, Hernandez-Velasco X, Castellanos-Huerta I, Uribe-Diaz S, Vázquez-Durán A, Méndez-Albores A, Petrone-Garcia VM, Tellez Jr. G, Hargis BM, Téllez-Isaías G. Assessment of the Impact of Humic Acids on Intestinal Microbiota, Gut Integrity, Ileum Morphometry, and Cellular Immunity of Turkey Poults Fed an Aflatoxin B 1-Contaminated Diet. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:122. [PMID: 38535788 PMCID: PMC10975313 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent study published data on the growth performance, relative weights of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, liver histology, serum biochemistry, and hematological parameters for turkey poults fed an experimental diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and humic acids (HA) extracted from vermicompost. The negative effects of AFB1 (250 ng AFB1/g of feed) were significantly reduced by HA supplementation (0.25% w/w), suggesting that HA might be utilized to ameliorate the negative impact of AFB1 from contaminated diets. The present study shows the results of the remaining variables, as an extension of a previously published work which aimed to evaluate the impact of HA on the intestinal microbiota, gut integrity, ileum morphometry, and cellular immunity of turkey poults fed an AFB1-contaminated diet. For this objective, five equal groups of 1-day-old female Nicholas-700 turkey poults were randomly assigned to the following treatments: negative control (basal diet), positive control (basal diet + 250 ng AFB1/g), HA (basal diet + 0.25% HA), HA + AFB1 (basal diet + 0.25% HA + 250 ng AFB1/g), and Zeolite (basal diet + 0.25% zeolite + 250 ng AFB1/g). In the experiment, seven replicates of ten poults each were used per treatment (n = 70). In general, HA supplementation with or without the presence of AFB1 showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the number of beneficial butyric acid producers, ileum villi height, and ileum total area, and a significant reduction in serum levels of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d), a marker of intestinal integrity. In contrast, poults fed with AFB1 showed a significant increase in Proteobacteria and lower numbers of beneficial bacteria, clearly suggesting gut dysbacteriosis. Moreover, poults supplemented with AFB1 displayed the lowest morphometric parameters and the highest intestinal permeability. Furthermore, poults in the negative and positive control treatments had the lowest cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity response. These findings suggest that HA supplementation enhanced intestinal integrity (shape and permeability), cellular immune response, and healthier gut microbiota composition, even in the presence of dietary exposure to AFB1. These results complement those of the previously published study, suggesting that HA may be a viable dietary intervention to improve gut health and immunity in turkey poults during aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús A. Maguey-González
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Juan O. Hernández-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (J.O.H.-R.); (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | - María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (J.O.H.-R.); (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | - Roberto Senas-Cuesta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sergio Gómez-Rosales
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro 76280, Mexico; (S.G.-R.); (M.d.L.Á.)
| | - María de Lourdes Ángeles
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro 76280, Mexico; (S.G.-R.); (M.d.L.Á.)
| | - Andressa Stein
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Bruno Solís-Cruz
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (B.S.-C.); (D.H.-P.)
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan 54910, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernández-Patlán
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (B.S.-C.); (D.H.-P.)
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan 54910, Mexico
| | - Rubén Merino-Guzmán
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.M.-G.); (X.H.-V.)
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.M.-G.); (X.H.-V.)
| | - Inkar Castellanos-Huerta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Santiago Uribe-Diaz
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (J.O.H.-R.); (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico; (J.O.H.-R.); (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | | | - Guillermo Tellez Jr.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Billy M. Hargis
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Guillermo Téllez-Isaías
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.); (R.S.-C.); (A.S.); (I.C.-H.); (S.U.-D.); (B.M.H.); (G.T.-I.)
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Efremenko E, Stepanov N, Senko O, Lyagin I, Maslova O, Aslanli A. Artificial Humic Substances as Biomimetics of Natural Analogues: Production, Characteristics and Preferences Regarding Their Use. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:613. [PMID: 38132553 PMCID: PMC10742262 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Various processes designed for the humification (HF) of animal husbandry wastes, primarily bird droppings, reduce their volumes, solve environmental problems, and make it possible to obtain products with artificially formed humic substances (HSs) as analogues of natural HSs, usually extracted from fossil sources (coal and peat). This review studies the main characteristics of various biological and physicochemical methods of the HF of animal wastes (composting, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonation, acid or alkaline hydrolysis, and subcritical water extraction). A comparative analysis of the HF rates and HS yields in these processes, the characteristics of the resulting artificial HSs (humification index, polymerization index, degree of aromaticity, etc.) was carried out. The main factors (additives, process conditions, waste pretreatment, etc.) that can increase the efficiency of HF and affect the properties of HSs are highlighted. Based on the results of chemical composition analysis, the main trends and preferences with regard to the use of HF products as complex biomimetics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (N.S.); (O.S.)
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Maguey-González JA, Nava-Ramírez MDJ, Gómez-Rosales S, Ángeles MDL, Solís-Cruz B, Hernández-Patlán D, Merino-Guzmán R, Hernandez-Velasco X, Hernández-Ramírez JO, Loeza I, Senas-Cuesta R, Latorre JD, Vázquez-Durán A, Du X, Méndez-Albores A, Hargis BM, Téllez-Isaías G. Evaluation of the efficacy of humic acids to counteract the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 in turkey poults. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1276754. [PMID: 37881447 PMCID: PMC10594991 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1276754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of humic acid (HA) from worm compost as an adsorbent for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in turkey poults. The experiment involved the inclusion of 0.25% (w/w) HA in the diet of turkey poults consuming aflatoxin-contaminated feed (250 ng AFB1/g). A total of 350 1-day-old female Nicholas-700 turkey poults were randomly allocated to five equal groups: negative control (basal diet); positive control (basal diet + 250 ng AFB1/g; HA (basal diet + 0.25% HA); HA + AFB1 (basal diet + HA + 250 ng AFB1/g); and zeolite + AFB1 (basal diet + 0.25% zeolite + 250 ng AFB1/g). Each group had seven replicates of 10 poults (n = 70). The impact of HA addition was evaluated in terms of performance parameters, relative organ weights, liver histological lesions, and serum biochemical and hematological constituents. In general, the addition of HA improved body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion rate (FCR). Furthermore, HA effectively mitigated the toxic effects caused by AFB1 in the majority of the analyzed variables. The results indicated that HA effectively counteracted the AFB1-induced toxic effects in turkey poults. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that HA is capable of removing AFB1 from the contaminated diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Adonai Maguey-González
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Sergio Gómez-Rosales
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro, México
| | - María de Lourdes Ángeles
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro, México
| | - Bruno Solís-Cruz
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, FES Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan, México
| | - Daniel Hernández-Patlán
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, FES Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan, México
| | - Rubén Merino-Guzmán
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Omar Hernández-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Ileana Loeza
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Roberto Senas-Cuesta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Xiangwei Du
- Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Billy M. Hargis
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Nava-Ramírez MDJ, Vázquez-Durán A, Figueroa-Cárdenas JDD, Hernández-Patlán D, Solís-Cruz B, Téllez-Isaías G, López-Coello C, Méndez-Albores A. Removal of Aflatoxin B 1 Using Alfalfa Leaves as an Adsorbent Material: A Comparison between Two In Vitro Experimental Models. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:604. [PMID: 37888635 PMCID: PMC10610884 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An adsorbent material derived from alfalfa leaves was prepared and further characterized, and its efficacy for removing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was investigated. Characterization consisted of the use of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), point of zero charge (pHpzc), zeta potential (ζ-potential), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and spectral analysis. To determine the adsorption capacity against AFB1 (250 ng AFB1/mL), pH-dependent and avian intestinal in vitro models were used. The adsorbent inclusion percentage was 0.5% (w/w). In general, the pH-dependent model gave adsorption percentages of 98.2%, 99.9%, and 98.2%, evaluated at pH values of 2, 5, and 7, respectively. However, when the avian intestinal model was used, it was observed that the adsorption percentage of AFB1 significantly decreased (88.8%). Based on the characterization results, it is proposed that electrostatic, non-electrostatic, and the formation of chlorophyll-AFB1 complexes were the main mechanisms for AFB1 adsorption. From these results, it can be concluded that the adsorbent derived from alfalfa leaves could be used as an effective material for removing AFB1 in in vitro digestion models that mimic the physiological reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Juan de Dios Figueroa-Cárdenas
- Cinvestav-IPN Unidad de Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico;
| | | | - Bruno Solís-Cruz
- UIM L5, FES-C, UNAM, Mexico City 54714, Mexico; (D.H.-P.); (B.S.-C.)
| | - Guillermo Téllez-Isaías
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Carlos López-Coello
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
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6
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Edmonds MS, Weber TE. Efficacy of water application of a humic substance, butyric acid, vitamins C, D, and E and/or electrolytes on performance and mortality in health-challenged nursery pigs¹. Transl Anim Sci 2023; 7:txad115. [PMID: 37901202 PMCID: PMC10601446 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Health challenges continue to be rampant in nursery pigs which has led to increased industry-wide mortality trends. Therefore, the objective of these three studies was to evaluate a water supplement (HV; HydraVantage, Kent Nutrition Group, Muscatine, IA) which is a proprietary blend of a humic substance, butyric acid, and vitamins C, D, and E, as well as an electrolyte blend on nursery pig performance and mortality. Experiment 1 consisted of 196 crossbred weanling pigs (7 pigs per pen with 14 pens per treatment) which were randomly allotted by BW to two treatments consisting of control (water for 33 d) or HV at 15 g/L of stock solution and proportioned through a medicator (1:128) for 11 d followed by water for 22 d. There were no performance differences. However, mortality was reduced (P < 0.01) from 6.12% for the control to 0.00% for HV. In experiment 2, there were 488 weanling pigs (6 to 10 pigs/pen with 14 pens per treatment) which were randomly allotted by BW to four treatments in a 34-d trial. Treatment 1 was control (water), and treatments 2 and 4 were HV at 15 g/L of stock solution for 11 and 34 d, respectively. Treatment 3 utilized HV at 15 g/L stock solution during days 0 to 11 with 7.5 g HV/L stock solution utilized during days 11 to 21 followed by water. No performance differences were observed among the four treatments. Mortality was 10.89%, 4.82%, 5.54%, and 7.26% for treatments 1 to 4, respectively, with treatment 1 having a higher mortality (P < 0.05) compared to treatments 2 to 4. In experiment 3, a 2 × 2 factorial study was conducted (7 pigs per pen with 14 pens per treatment) in which the treatments were: 1) water; 2) HV at 15 g/L stock solution for 34 d; 3) electrolytes at 241 g/L stock solution for 34 d; and 4) HV at 15 g/L of stock solution and electrolytes at 226 g/L of stock for 34 d. Overall pen gain tended to be improved (P = 0.09) with supplemental HV. Moreover, mortality was reduced (P = 0.06) by 36% (16.86% mortality for treatments 1 and 3 vs. 10.73% mortality for treatments 2 and 4). Supplemental electrolytes had no effect on mortality. These data suggest that HV has a positive effect by reducing mortality in nursery pigs undergoing health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Edmonds
- Nutrition and Product Development, Kent Nutrition Group, Inc., Muscatine, IA 52761, USA
| | - Thomas E Weber
- Innovative Solutions, Kent Nutrition Group, Inc., Muscatine, IA 52761, USA
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7
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Vašková J, Stupák M, Vidová Ugurbaş M, Žatko D, Vaško L. Therapeutic Efficiency of Humic Acids in Intoxications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040971. [PMID: 37109500 PMCID: PMC10143271 DOI: 10.3390/life13040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Humins, humic and fulvic acids represent molecules with complex structures. These compounds comprising humic substances (HS) exist naturally in soil, brown coal, peat, and water. They are formed during the decomposition and transformation of organic matter (animal and plant remains) and their formation explains several theories. Within their chemical structures, there are numerous phenolic and carboxyl groups and their derivatives that affect their different properties, such as their solubility in water or their absorption of cations or mycotoxins. The manifold chemical structure of HS alters their polyelectrolyte character and thus their chelating efficiency. For many years, HS have been studied due to their detoxification, anti-, and pro-inflammatory or anticancer and antiviral ability. This article summarizes the antioxidant and adsorption properties of humic acids, highlighting their usefulness in intoxications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marek Stupák
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Vidová Ugurbaş
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Žatko
- Imuna Pharm, a.s., Šarišské Michaľany, 082 22 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Vaško
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
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