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Wu Z, Chen F, Zhang L, Zhou M, Hou Y. Cytochrome c Oxidase Influences Pyraclostrobin Sensitivity in Fusarium graminearum by Regulating FgAox Through Transcription Factors FgAod2 and FgAod5. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18412-18422. [PMID: 39120516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (Cox) is a crucial terminal oxidase in the electron transport chain. In this study, we generated 14 Cox gene deletion or overexpression mutants in Fusarium graminearum. Fungicide sensitivity tests revealed that 11 Cox gene deletion mutants displayed resistance to pyraclostrobin, while 10 overexpression mutants showed hypersensitivity. RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analyses demonstrated the upregulation of FgAox (alternative oxidase in F. graminearum), FgAod2, and FgAod5 (alternative oxidase deficiency in F. graminearum) in ΔFgCox4-2 and ΔFgCox17-75 mutants. In 11 Cox gene deletion mutants, FgAox expression was significantly upregulated, whereas in 10 Cox gene overexpression mutants, it was significantly downregulated. FgAox overexpression mutants exhibit resistance to pyraclostrobin, while FgAox deletion mutants show hypersensitivity to pyraclostrobin. FgAod2 and FgAod5 were identified as transcription factors for FgAox. Our findings reveal that FgCox influences pyraclostrobin sensitivity by regulating FgAox through FgAod2 and FgAod5. Understanding pyraclostrobin resistance mechanisms in F. graminearum could help develop better fungicide rotation and application strategies to manage resistance and guide the creation of new fungicides targeting different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Furong Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Lingrong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
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2
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Hu L, Chen J, Jia R, Sun Y, Dong X, Cao S, Shen X, Wang Y. Streptomyces pratensis S10 Inhibits the Spread of Fusarium graminearum Invasive Hyphae and Toxisome Formation in Wheat Plants. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1770-1781. [PMID: 38809607 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-23-0506-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, leads to severe economic losses worldwide. Effective management measures for controlling FHB are not available due to a lack of resistant cultivars. Currently, the utilization of biological control is a promising approach that can be used to help manage FHB. Previous studies have confirmed that Streptomyces pratensis S10 harbors excellent inhibitory effects on F. graminearum. However, there is no information regarding whether invasive hyphae of F. graminearum are inhibited by S10. Thus, we investigated the effects of S10 on F. graminearum strain PH-1 hypha extension, toxisome formation, and TRI5 gene expression on wheat plants via microscopic observation. The results showed that S10 effectively inhibited the spread of F. graminearum hyphae along the rachis, restricting the infection of neighboring florets via the phloem. In the presence of S10, the hyphal growth is impeded by the formation of dense cell wall thickenings in the rachis internode surrounding the F. graminearum infection site, avoiding cell plasmolysis and collapse. We further demonstrated that S10 largely prevented cell-to-cell invasion of fungal hyphae inside wheat coleoptiles using a constitutively green fluorescence protein-expressing F. graminearum strain, PH-1. Importantly, S. pratensis S10 inhibited toxisome formation and TRI5 gene expression in wheat plants during infection. Collectively, these findings indicate that S. pratensis S10 prevents the spread of F. graminearum invasive hyphae via the rachis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Shang Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xihui Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
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Feng G, Gu Y, Wang C, Zhou Y, Huang S, Luo B. Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Automatic Non-Destructive Detection Based on Multi-Scale Imaging: A Technical Perspective. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1722. [PMID: 38999562 PMCID: PMC11243561 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major threat to global wheat production. Recent reviews of wheat FHB focused on pathology or comprehensive prevention and lacked a summary of advanced detection techniques. Unlike traditional detection and management methods, wheat FHB detection based on various imaging technologies has the obvious advantages of a high degree of automation and efficiency. With the rapid development of computer vision and deep learning technology, the number of related research has grown explosively in recent years. This review begins with an overview of wheat FHB epidemic mechanisms and changes in the characteristics of infected wheat. On this basis, the imaging scales are divided into microscopic, medium, submacroscopic, and macroscopic scales. Then, we outline the recent relevant articles, algorithms, and methodologies about wheat FHB from disease detection to qualitative analysis and summarize the potential difficulties in the practicalization of the corresponding technology. This paper could provide researchers with more targeted technical support and breakthrough directions. Additionally, this paper provides an overview of the ideal application mode of the FHB detection technologies based on multi-scale imaging and then examines the development trend of the all-scale detection system, which paved the way for the fusion of non-destructive detection technologies of wheat FHB based on multi-scale imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Feng
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (G.F.); (Y.G.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
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Ji H, Cheon KS, Shin Y, Lee C, Son S, Oh H, Yoon DK, Lee S, Cho M, Jun S, Lee GS, Baek J, Kim SL, Ahn IP, Oh JH, Yoon HJ, Cha YS, Kim KH. Map-Based Cloning and Characterization of a Major QTL Gene, FfR1, Which Confers Resistance to Rice Bakanae Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6214. [PMID: 38892403 PMCID: PMC11172731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bakanae disease (BD), caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi, is a serious threat to rice production worldwide. Breeding elite rice varieties resistant to BD requires the identification of resistance genes. Previously, we discovered a resistant quantitative trait locus (QTL), qFfR1, in a Korean japonica rice variety, Nampyeong. In this study, we fine-mapped qFfR1 with a Junam*4/Nampyeong BC3F3 population and delimited its location to a 37.1 kb region on chromosome 1. Complementation experiments with seven candidate genes in this region revealed that OsI_02728 is the gene for qFfR1. This gene encodes a protein with a typical leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor-like protein structure. RNA-sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis revealed that FfR1 induces the transcription of defense genes, including lignin and terpenoid biosynthesis genes, pathogenesis-related genes, and thionin genes. These results may facilitate investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying BD resistance, including molecular patterns of Fusarium fujikuroi interacting with FfR1 and players working in signal transduction pathways downstream of FfR1, and the breeding of new BD-resistant varieties by providing a BD resistance gene with its precise selection marker. This will contribute to efficient control of BD, which is becoming more prevalent according to temperature rises due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonso Ji
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seong Cheon
- Department of Forest Bioresources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Lee
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoja Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kyung Yoon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Miryang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Jun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang-Seob Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongho Baek
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Lim Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Pyung Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Yoon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soon Cha
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
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5
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Karamanis P, Muldoon J, Murphy CD, Rubini M. Total synthesis of antifungal lipopeptide iturin A analogues and evaluation of their bioactivity against F. graminearum. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3569. [PMID: 38301277 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of novel antifungal agents is imperative to tackle the threat of antifungal resistance, which poses major risks to both human health and to food security. Iturin A is a cyclic lipopeptide, produced by Bacillus sp., with pronounced antifungal properties against several pathogens. Its challenging synthesis, mainly due to the laborious synthesis of the β-amino fatty acid present in its structure, has hindered the study of its mode of action and the development of more potent analogues. In this work, a facile synthesis of bioactive iturin A analogues containing an alkylated cysteine residue is presented. Two analogues with opposite configurations of the alkylated cysteine residue were synthesized, to evaluate the role of the stereochemistry of the newly introduced amino acid on the bioactivity. Antifungal assays, conducted against F. graminearum, showed that the novel analogues are bioactive and can be used as a synthetic model for the design of new analogues and in structure-activity relationship studies. The assays also highlight the importance of the β-amino acid in the natural structure and the role of the stereochemistry of the amino fatty acid, as the analogue with the D configuration showed stronger antifungal properties than the one with the L configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periklis Karamanis
- UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jimmy Muldoon
- UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cormac D Murphy
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marina Rubini
- UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Beccari G, Tini F, Foroud NA, Ederli L, Gardiner DM, Benfield AH, Harris LJ, Sulyok M, Romani R, Bellezza I, Covarelli L. A comparison between the role of enniatins and deoxynivalenol in Fusarium virulence on different tissues of common wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:463. [PMID: 38802782 PMCID: PMC11129500 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium avenaceum are two of the most important causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. They can produce mycotoxins that accumulate in infected wheat heads, including deoxynivalenol (DON) and enniatins (ENNs), produced by F. graminearum and F. avenaceum, respectively. While the role of DON as a virulence factor in F. graminearum toward wheat is well known, ENNs in F. avenaceum has been poorly explored. Results obtained to-date indicate that ENNs may confer an advantage to F. avenaceum only on particular hosts. RESULTS In this study, with the use of ENN-producing and ENN non-producing F. avenaceum strains, the role of ENNs on F. avenaceum virulence was investigated on the root, stem base and head of common wheat, and compared with the role of DON, using DON-producing and DON non-producing F. graminearum strains. The DON-producing F. graminearum strain showed a significantly higher ability to cause symptoms and colonise each of the tested tissues than the non-producing strain. On the other hand, the ability to produce ENNs increased initial symptoms of the disease and fungal biomass accumulation, measured by qPCR, only in wheat heads, and not in roots or stem bases. LC-MS/MS analysis was used to confirm the presence of ENNs and DON in the different strains, and results, both in vitro and in wheat heads, were consistent with the genetics of each strain. CONCLUSION While the key role of DON on F. graminearum virulence towards three different wheat tissues was noticeable, ENNs seemed to have a role only in influencing F. avenaceum virulence on common wheat heads probably due to an initial delay in the appearance of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Beccari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Tini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Nora A Foroud
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Luisa Ederli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Aurelie H Benfield
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Linda J Harris
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln, Austria
| | - Roberto Romani
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Covarelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Bigini V, Sillo F, Giulietti S, Pontiggia D, Giovannini L, Balestrini R, Savatin DV. Oligogalacturonide application increases resistance to Fusarium head blight in durum wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3070-3091. [PMID: 38334507 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Fusariosis causes substantial yield losses in the wheat crop worldwide and compromises food safety because of the presence of toxins associated with the fungal disease. Among the current approaches to crop protection, the use of elicitors able to activate natural defense mechanisms in plants is a strategy gaining increasing attention. Several studies indicate that applications of plant cell-wall-derived elicitors, such as oligogalacturonides (OGs) derived from partial degradation of pectin, induce local and systemic resistance against plant pathogens. The aim of this study was to establish the efficacy of OGs in protecting durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum), which is characterized by an extreme susceptibility to Fusarium graminearum. To evaluate the functionality of OGs, spikes and seedlings of cv. Svevo were inoculated with OGs, F. graminearum spores, and a co-treatment of both. Results demonstrated that OGs are active elicitors of wheat defenses, triggering typical immune marker genes and determining regulation of fungal genes. Moreover, bioassays on spikes and transcriptomic analyses on seedlings showed that OGs can regulate relevant physiological processes in Svevo with dose-dependent specificity. Thus, the OG sensing system plays an important role in fine tuning immune signaling pathways in durum wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bigini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fabiano Sillo
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - Sarah Giulietti
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Department of Biology and biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Ple Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pontiggia
- Department of Biology and biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Ple Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, Ple Aldo Moro, 5 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Giovannini
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Balestrini
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniel V Savatin
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Hao Y, Feng Y, Dong Y, Ren Y, Huang J, Ma H, Wang C, Jin K, Shang D, Zhang X. Synthesis and Antifungal Properties of 1,2,4-Triazole Schiff Base Agents Based on a 3D-QSAR Model. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302064. [PMID: 38390665 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Based on our previous research, a 3D-QSAR model (q2=0.51, ONC=5, r2=0.982, F=271.887, SEE=0.052) was established to predict the inhibitory effects of triazole Schiff base compounds on Fusarium graminearum, and its predictive ability was also confirmed through the statistical parameters. According to the results of the model design, 30 compounds with superior bioactivity compared to the template molecule 4 were obtained. Seven of these compounds (DES2-6, DES9-10) with improved biological activity and readily available raw materials were successfully synthesized. Their structures were confirmed through HRMS, NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (DES-5). The bioactivity of the final products was investigated through an in vitro antifungal assay. There was little difference in the EC50 values between the experimental and predicted values of the model, demonstrating the reliability of the model. Especially, DES-3 (EC50=9.915 mg/L) and DES-5 (EC50=9.384 mg/L) exhibited better inhibitory effects on Fusarium graminearum compared to the standard drug (SD) triadimenol (EC50=10.820 mg/L). These compounds could serve as potential new fungicides for future research. The interaction between the final products and isocitrate lyase (ICL) was investigated through molecular docking. Compounds with R groups that have a higher electron-donating capacity were found to be biologically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Yunrui Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Yangming Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Yinghui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Haixia Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China E-mail: address
| | - Cuiling Wang
- School of College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Kangrui Jin
- School of College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Dongyuan Shang
- School of College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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9
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Maričević M, Španić V, Bukan M, Rajković B, Šarčević H. Diallel Analysis of Wheat Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Mycotoxin Accumulation under Conditions of Artificial Inoculation and Natural Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1022. [PMID: 38611551 PMCID: PMC11013806 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Breeding resistant wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium spp., is the best method for controlling the disease. The aim of this study was to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for FHB resistance in a set of eight genetically diverse winter wheat cultivars to identify potential donors of FHB resistance for crossing. FHB resistance of parents and F1 crosses produced by the half diallel scheme was evaluated under the conditions of artificial inoculation with F. graminearum and natural infection. Four FHB related traits were assessed: visual rating index (VRI), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content in the harvested grain samples. Significant GCA effects for FHB resistance were observed for the parental cultivars with high FHB resistance for all studied FHB resistance related traits. The significant SCA and mid-parent heterosis effects for FHB resistance were rare under both artificial inoculation and natural infection conditions and involved crosses between parents with low FHB resistance. A significant negative correlation between grain yield under natural conditions and VRI (r = -0.43) and FDK (r = -0.47) under conditions of artificial inoculation was observed in the set of the studied F1 crosses. Some crosses showed high yield and high FHB resistance, indicating that breeding of FHB resistant genotypes could be performed without yield penalty. These crosses involved resistant cultivars with significant GCA effects for FHB resistance indicating that that they could be used as good donors of FHB resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Maričević
- Bc Institute for Breeding and Production of Field Crops, Rugvica, Dugoselska 7, 10370 Dugo Selo, Croatia; (M.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Valentina Španić
- Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Bukan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Bruno Rajković
- Bc Institute for Breeding and Production of Field Crops, Rugvica, Dugoselska 7, 10370 Dugo Selo, Croatia; (M.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Hrvoje Šarčević
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Zanon MSA, Cavaglieri LR, Palazzini JM, Chulze SN, Chiotta ML. Bacillus velezensis RC218 and emerging biocontrol agents against Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium poae in barley: in vitro, greenhouse and field conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110580. [PMID: 38246027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most common diseases in Argentina, affecting the quality and yield of barley grains. Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto (ss) and Fusarium poae are causal agents of FHB and potential sources of mycotoxin contamination in barley. Conventional management strategies do not lead to a complete control of FHB; therefore, biological control emerges as an eco-friendly alternative in the integrated management of the disease. In the present work, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus inaquosorum, Bacillus nakamurai and Lactobacillus plantarum were evaluated as potential biocontrol agents against F. graminearum ss and F. poae on barley-based media. Bacillus velezensis RC218 was selected to carry out greenhouse and field trials in order to reduce FHB and mycotoxin accumulation. This strain was able to control growth of both Fusarium species and reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) production by 66 % and 79 %, respectively. Bacillus inaquosorum and B. nakamurai were more effective in controlling F. poae growth, and the mean levels of reduction in DON accumulation were 50 and 38 %, and 93 and 26 % for NIV, respectively. Lactobacillus plantarum showed variable biocontrol capacity depending on the strain, with no significant mycotoxin reduction. The biocontrol on incidence and severity of FHB in the greenhouse and field trials was effective, being more efficient against F. graminearum ss and DON accumulation than against F. poae and NIV occurrence. This study provides valuable data for the development of an efficient tool based on biocontrol agents to prevent FHB-producing Fusarium species development and mycotoxin occurrence in barley, contributing to food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Silvina Alaniz Zanon
- Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council - Argentina (CONICET), National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC), Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina; Members of the Research Career of CONICET
| | | | - Juan Manuel Palazzini
- Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council - Argentina (CONICET), National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC), Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina; Members of the Research Career of CONICET
| | - Sofía Noemí Chulze
- Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council - Argentina (CONICET), National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC), Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina; Members of the Research Career of CONICET
| | - María Laura Chiotta
- Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council - Argentina (CONICET), National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC), Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina; Members of the Research Career of CONICET.
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11
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Wen Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Shao W, Ma Z. Characterization of the fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistant mutants of Fusarium graminearum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105815. [PMID: 38582573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is an important fungal pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat and other cereal crops worldwide. Due to lack of resistant wheat cultivars, FHB control mainly relies on application of chemical fungicides. Both fludioxonil (a phenylpyrrole compound) and phenamacril (a cyanoacrylate fungicide) have been registered for controlling FHB in China, however, fludioxonil-resistant isolates of F. graminearum have been detected in field. To evaluate the potential risk of dual resistance of F. graminearum to both compounds, fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistant (DR) mutants of F. graminearum were obtained via fungicide domestication in laboratory. Result showed that resistance of the DR mutants to both fludioxonil and phenamacril were genetically stable after sub-cultured for ten generations or stored at 4 °C for 30 days on fungicide-free PDA. Cross-resistance assay showed that the DR mutants remain sensitive to other groups of fungicides, including carbendazim, tebuconazole, pydiflumetofen, and fluazinam. In addition, the DR mutants exhibited defects in mycelia growth, conidiation, mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) production, and virulence Moreover, the DR mutants displayed increased sensitivity to osmotic stress. Sequencing results showed that amino acid point mutations S217L/T in the myosin I protein is responsible for phenamacril resistance in the DR mutants. Our results indicate that mutations leading to fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistance could result in fitness cost for F. graminearum. Our results also suggest that the potential risk of F. graminearum developing resistance to both fludioxonil and phenamacril in field could be rather low, which provides scientific guidance in controlling FHB with fludioxonil and phenamacril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youfu Zhao
- Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
| | - Wenyong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Chaudhary V, Kumar M, Chauhan C, Sirohi U, Srivastav AL, Rani L. Strategies for mitigation of pesticides from the environment through alternative approaches: A review of recent developments and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120326. [PMID: 38387349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Chemical-based peticides are having negative impacts on both the healths of human beings and plants as well. The World Health Organisation (WHO), reported that each year, >25 million individuals in poor nations are having acute pesticide poisoning cases along with 20,000 fatal injuries at global level. Normally, only ∼0.1% of the pesticide reaches to the intended targets, and rest amount is expected to come into the food chain/environment for a longer period of time. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the amounts of pesticides present in the soil. Physical or chemical treatments are either expensive or incapable to do so. Hence, pesticide detoxification can be achieved through bioremediation/biotechnologies, including nano-based methodologies, integrated approaches etc. These are relatively affordable, efficient and environmentally sound methods. Therefore, alternate strategies like as advanced biotechnological tools like as CRISPR Cas system, RNAi and genetic engineering for development of insects and pest resistant plants which are directly involved in the development of disease- and pest-resistant plants and indirectly reduce the use of pesticides. Omics tools and multi omics approaches like metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for the efficient functional gene mining and their validation for bioremediation of pesticides also discussed from the literatures. Overall, the review focuses on the most recent advancements in bioremediation methods to lessen the effects of pesticides along with the role of microorganisms in pesticides elimination. Further, pesticide detection is also a big challenge which can be done by using HPLC, GC, SERS, and LSPR ELISA etc. which have also been described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut, Uttar-Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Floriculture and Landscaping Architecture, College of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chetan Chauhan
- Department of Floriculture and Landscaping Architecture, College of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjwal Sirohi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Lal Srivastav
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
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13
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Uwineza PA, Urbaniak M, Stępień Ł, Gramza-Michałowska A, Waśkiewicz A. Efficacy of Lamium album as a natural fungicide: impact on seed germination, ergosterol, and mycotoxins in Fusarium culmorum-infected wheat seedlings. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1363204. [PMID: 38463484 PMCID: PMC10920328 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1363204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium culmorum is a major wheat pathogen, and its secondary metabolites (mycotoxins) cause damage to plants, animals, and human health. In the era of sustainable agriculture, eco-friendly methods of prevention and control are constantly needed. The use of plant extracts as biocontrol agents has gained popularity as they are a source of active substances that play a crucial role in fighting against phytopathogens. This study evaluated the impact of Lamium album on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. In a pot experiment, the effect of L. album on wheat seedlings artificially inoculated with F. culmorum was evaluated by measuring seedling growth parameters, and by using chromatographic methods, ergosterol and mycotoxins levels were analyzed. The results showed that the phytotoxic effect of L. album flower extracts on wheat seed germination and seedling growth was concentration dependent. The radicle length was also reduced compared to the control; however, L. album did not significantly affect the dry weight of the radicle. A slight phytotoxic effect on seed germination was observed, but antifungal effects on artificially infected wheat seedlings were also confirmed with the reduction of ergosterol level and mycotoxins accumulation in the roots and leaves after 21 days of inoculation. F. culmorum DNA was identified in the control samples only. Overall, this study is a successful in planta study showing L. album flower extract protection of wheat against the pathogen responsible for Fusarium crown and root rot. Further research is essential to study the effects of L. album extracts on key regulatory genes for mycotoxin biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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14
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Zou C, Cao X, Zhou Q, Yao Z. The Interaction between Hypovirulence-Associated Chrysoviruses and Their Host Fusarium Species. Viruses 2024; 16:253. [PMID: 38400029 PMCID: PMC10891527 DOI: 10.3390/v16020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chrysoviruses are isometric virus particles (35-50 nm in diameter) with a genome composed of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA). These viruses belonged to the Chrysoviridae family, named after the first member isolated from Penicillium chrysogenum. Phylogenetic classification has divided the chrysoviruses into Alphachrysovirus and Betachrysovirus genera. Currently, these chrysoviruses have been found to infect many fungi, including Fusarium species, and cause changes in the phenotype and decline in the pathogenicity of the host. Thus, it is a microbial resource with great biocontrol potential against Fusarium species, causing destructive plant diseases and substantial economic losses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of three chrysovirus isolates (Fusarium graminearum virus 2 (FgV2), Fusarium graminearum virus-ch9 (FgV-ch9), and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi mycovirus 1 (FodV1)) reported to decline the pathogenicity of Fusarium hosts. It also summarizes the recent studies on host response regulation, host RNA interference, and chrysovirus transmission. The information provided in the review will be a reference for analyzing the interaction of Fusarium species with chrysovirus and proposing opportunities for research on the biocontrol of Fusarium diseases. Finally, we present reasons for conducting further studies on exploring the interaction between chrysoviruses and Fusarium and improving the accumulation and transmission efficiency of these chrysoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Xueying Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Qiujuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Ziting Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (C.Z.)
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanning 530007, China
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15
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Gozzi M, Blandino M, Bruni R, Capo L, Righetti L, Dall'Asta C. Mycotoxin occurrence in kernels and straws of wheat, barley, and tritordeum. Mycotoxin Res 2024; 40:203-210. [PMID: 38236484 PMCID: PMC10834653 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Thirty-two varieties of common and durum wheat, hordeum, barley, and tritordeum collected over two harvesting years (2020 and 2021) were investigated for the presence of multiple Fusarium-related mycotoxins in asymptomatic plants. DON, 3-AcDON, 15-AcDON, T-2, HT-2, and ZEN together with the emerging mycotoxin ENN B and the major modified form of DON, namely DON3Glc, were quantified by means of UHPLC-MS/MS. Overall, DON and ENN B were the most frequently detected mycotoxins, albeit large inter-year variability was observed and related to different climate and weather conditions. Straws had higher mycotoxin contents than kernels and regarding DON occurrence tritordeum was found to be the most contaminated group on average for both harvesting years, while barley was the less contaminated one. Emerging mycotoxin ENN B showed comparable contents in kernels compared to straw, with a ratio close to 1 for tritordeum and barley. Regarding the occurrence of the other evaluated mycotoxins, T-2 and HT-2 toxins have been spotted in a few tritordeum samples, while ZEN has been frequently found only in straw from the harvesting year 2020. The data collected confirms the occurrence of multiple Fusarium mycotoxins in straws also from asymptomatic plants, highlighting concerns related to feed safety and animal health. The susceptibility of Tritordeum, hereby reported for the first time, suggests that careful measures in terms of monitoring, breeding, and cultural choices should be applied when dealing with his emerging crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gozzi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/a, 43100, Parma, Italy.
| | - Massimo Blandino
- Department of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Renato Bruni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/a, 43100, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Capo
- Department of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Righetti
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, 6708, WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700, AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/a, 43100, Parma, Italy
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16
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Li H, Yang J, Han R, Wang Y, Han X, Wang S, Pan M. Magnetic-fluorescent immunosensing platform applying AuNPs heterogeneous MIL-53(Al) composite for efficient detection of zearalenone. Food Chem 2024; 433:137369. [PMID: 37683484 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, specific and stable detection of mycotoxin in food remains an extremely crucial issue. Herein, a magnetic-fluorescent immunosensing platform for the detection of zearalenone (ZEN) was proposed. The platform utilized Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) heterogeneous fluorescent metal-organic framework (MIL-53(Al)@AuNPs) labeled with ZEN-bovine serum albumin (ZEN-BSA) as signal probe and ZEN mono-antibodies coupled with magnetic NPs (MNPs-mAbs) as capture probe. Specifically, the heterogenization of AuNPs on the MIL-53(Al) surface improved its biocompatibility, and facilitated the loading of ZEN-BSA conjugates. The MNPs-mAbs could rapidly capture the target ZEN, simplify the immunoassay process and further improve the detection efficiency. The established competitive magnetic-fluorescent immunosensing platform had a wider linear response to ZEN in the range of 0.001-100 ng/mL with a lower limit of detection (LOD) at 0.0035 ng/mL, and could finish the whole detection process within 20 min, showing great potential for rapid and sensitive detection of food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China.
| | - Mingfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China.
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17
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Mesterhazy A. What Is Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance and What Are Its Food Safety Risks in Wheat? Problems and Solutions-A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:31. [PMID: 38251247 PMCID: PMC10820574 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "Fusarium Head Blight" (FHB) resistance supposedly covers common resistances to different Fusarium spp. without any generally accepted evidence. For food safety, all should be considered with their toxins, except for deoxynivalenol (DON). Disease index (DI), scabby kernels (FDK), and DON steadily result from FHB, and even the genetic regulation of Fusarium spp. may differ; therefore, multitoxin contamination is common. The resistance types of FHB form a rather complex syndrome that has been the subject of debate for decades. It seems that resistance types are not independent variables but rather a series of components that follow disease and epidemic development; their genetic regulation may differ. Spraying inoculation (Type 1 resistance) includes the phase where spores land on palea and lemma and spread to the ovarium and also includes the spread-inhibiting resistance factor; therefore, it provides the overall resistance that is needed. A significant part of Type 1-resistant QTLs could, therefore, be Type 2, requiring the retesting of the QTLs; this is, at least, the case for the most effective ones. The updated resistance components are as follows: Component 1 is overall resistance, as discussed above; Component 2 includes spreading from the ovarium through the head, which is a part of Component 1; Component 3 includes factors from grain development to ripening (FDK); Component 4 includes factors influencing DON contamination, decrease, overproduction, and relative toxin resistance; and for Component 5, the tolerance has a low significance without new results. Independent QTLs with different functions can be identified for one or more traits. Resistance to different Fusarium spp. seems to be connected; it is species non-specific, but further research is necessary. Their toxin relations are unknown. DI, FDK, and DON should be checked as they serve as the basic data for the risk analysis of cultivars. A better understanding of the multitoxin risk is needed regarding resistance to the main Fusarium spp.; therefore, an updated testing methodology is suggested. This will provide more precise data for research, genetics, and variety registration. In winter and spring wheat, the existing resistance level is very high, close to Sumai 3, and provides much greater food safety combined with sophisticated fungicide preventive control and other practices in commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos Mesterhazy
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., Alsokikotosor 9, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Uwineza PA, Urbaniak M, Stępień Ł, Gramza-Michałowska A, Waśkiewicz A. Lamium album Flower Extracts: A Novel Approach for Controlling Fusarium Growth and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:651. [PMID: 37999514 PMCID: PMC10675686 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15110651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamium album is a medicinal flowering plant that is rich in bioactive compounds with various biological properties. Fusarium species, known for causing significant crop losses and mycotoxin contamination, pose threats to food safety and human health. While synthetic fungicides are commonly employed for fungal management, their environmental impact prompts the ongoing development of alternative methods. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L. album flower extracts in inhibiting the in vitro growth and biosynthesis of mycotoxins by Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum strains. The extracts were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction using CO2 (SC-CO2). The effects of various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) were assessed on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium using the "poisoning" technique. L. album flower extracts reduced mycelium growth by 0 to 30.59% for F. culmorum and 27.71 to 42.97% for F. proliferatum. Ergosterol content was reduced by up to 88.87% for F. culmorum and 93.17% for F. proliferatum. Similarly, the amounts of synthesized mycotoxins produced by both strains were also lower compared to control cultures. These findings are a preliminary phase for further in vivo tests planned to determine the fungistatic effect of L. album flower extracts on cereal substrates as seedlings incubated in controlled environments and under field conditions. Their phytotoxicity and biological stability, as well as the possibility of formulating a bio-preparation to protect cereals against Fusarium infections, will be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascaline Aimee Uwineza
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance Department, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.U.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance Department, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.U.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
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19
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Fu K, Wu Q, Jiang N, Hu S, Ye H, Hu Y, Li L, Li T, Sun Z. Identification and Expressional Analysis of siRNAs Responsive to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16005. [PMID: 37958988 PMCID: PMC10650599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of Fusarium head blight (FHB) poses a serious threat to wheat production as it leads to both significant yield losses and accumulation of several mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grains, which are harmful to human and livestock. To date, hundreds of FHB-resistance-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been reported, but only a few of them have been cloned and used for breeding. Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) have been reported in plants to mediate host defense against pathogens, but they have rarely been reported in wheat-FHB interaction. In order to identify the key siRNAs that can potentially be used in the improvement of resistance to FHB, siRNAs from the spikes of an FHB-resistant variety Sumai 3 and an FHB-susceptible variety of Chinese Spring (CS) were sequenced after F. graminearum infection and mock inoculation, respectively. The expression patterns of the siRNAs of interest were analyzed. A total of 4019 siRNAs of high-confidence were identified, with 131 being CS-specific, 309 Sumai 3-specific and 3071 being common in both varieties. More than 87% of these siRNAs were 24 nt in length. An overall down-regulation trend was found for siRNAs in the spikes of both varieties after being infected with F. graminearum. The expression patterns for Triticum aestivum Dicer-like 3 (TaDCL3) that synthesizes 24 nt siRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR, which were positively correlated with those of the siRNAs. A total of 85% of the differentially expressed genes putatively targeted by the siRNAs were significantly up-regulated after infection, showing a negative correlation with the overall down-regulated expression of siRNAs. Interestingly, the majority of the up-regulated genes are annotated as disease resistance. These results suggested that the inhibition of siRNA by F. graminearum up-regulated the disease resistance genes, which were putatively suppressed by siRNAs through RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). Consequently, the resistant capability to F. graminearum infection was enhanced. This study provides novel clues for investigating the function of siRNA in wheat-F. graminearum interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qianhui Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Sijia Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongyan Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhengxi Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.F.); (Q.W.); (N.J.); (S.H.); (H.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.L.); (T.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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20
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González-Curbelo MÁ, Kabak B. Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Dried Fruits Worldwide, with a Focus on Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:576. [PMID: 37756002 PMCID: PMC10537527 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dried fruits are popular and nutritious snacks consumed worldwide due to their long shelf life and concentrated nutrient content. However, fruits can be contaminated with various toxigenic fungal species during different stages, including cultivation, harvesting, processing, drying, and storage. Consequently, these products may contain high levels of mycotoxins. This risk is particularly pronounced in developed countries due to the impact of climate change. Several factors contribute to mycotoxin production, including the type of fruit, geographical location, climate conditions, harvest treatments, and storage management practices. The main mycotoxins in dried fruits are aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA), which can induce human health problems and economic losses. Mycotoxin contamination can vary significantly depending on the geographic origin of dried fruits (vine fruits, figs, dates, apricots, prunes, and mulberries). The aim of this review was to fill the knowledge gap by consolidating data from various regions to understand the global picture and identify regions with higher contamination risks. By consolidating research from various origins and stages of the supply chain, the review intends to shed light on potential contamination events during pre-harvest, drying, storage, and trading, while also highlighting the effects of storage conditions and climate change on mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Curbelo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad EAN, Calle 79 no 11-45, Bogotá 110221, Colombia
| | - Bulent Kabak
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Machinery and Manufacturing Technology Application and Research Center, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
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21
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Chen C, Guo Q, He Q, Tian Z, Hao W, Shan X, Lu J, Barkla BJ, Ma C, Si H. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of wheat cultivars differing in their resistance to Fusarium head blight infection during grain-filling stages reveals unique defense mechanisms at play. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:433. [PMID: 37715120 PMCID: PMC10504723 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease that poses a significant threat to wheat production, causing substantial yield losses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of wheat resistance to FHB is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of FHB resistance and the patterns of toxin accumulation in three wheat cultivars, Annong8455, Annong1589, and Sumai3, with different levels of resistance, ranging from low to high respectively, under natural field conditions. Samples were taken at three different grain-filling stages (5, 10, and 15 DPA) for gene expression analysis and phenotypic observation. Results found that toxin concentration was inversely correlated with varietal resistance but not correlated with disease phenotypes, indicating that toxin analysis is a more accurate measure of disease status in wheat ears and grains. Transcriptomic data showed that Sumai3 exhibited a stronger immune response during all stages of grain filling by upregulating genes involved in the active destruction of pathogens and removal of toxins. In contrast, Annong1589 showed a passive prevention of the spread of toxins into cells by the upregulation of genes involved in tyramine biosynthesis at the early stage (5 DPA), which may be involved in cell wall strengthening. Our study demonstrates the complexity of FHB resistance in wheat, with cultivars exhibiting unique and overlapping defense mechanisms, and highlights the importance of considering the temporal and spatial dynamics of gene expression in breeding programs for developing more resistant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 NSW, Australia
| | - Qifang He
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhuangbo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Weihao Hao
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xinyu Shan
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 NSW, Australia
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongqi Si
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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22
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Poznanski P, Hameed A, Dmochowska-Boguta M, Bryla M, Orczyk W. Low Molecular Weight and High Deacetylation Degree Chitosan Batch Alleviates Pathogenesis, Toxin Accumulation, and Fusarium Gene Regulation in Barley Leaf Pathosystem. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12894. [PMID: 37629074 PMCID: PMC10454492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen that destroys cereal production, in terms of loss of yield and grain contamination with mycotoxins, worldwide. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer abundant in the environment with proven antifungal properties that also acts as a plant immunity elicitor. Despite a number of articles, there is a lack of systematic comparison of antifungal activity of diverse batches of chitosan. The current study aimed to test the inhibitory effects of a collection of diverse chitosan samples on the growth and production of F. graminearum toxins, validated by changes in the Fusarium transcriptome. Experiments included testing antifungal activity of different chitosan samples, the application of the best performing one in vitro to investigate the impact on F. graminearum growth, followed by analyzing its effect on Fusarium toxins accumulation, and Fusarium transcriptomics in the barley leaf pathosystem. Confirmatory antifungal assays revealed that CS_10, a specific batch of chitosan, retarded Fusarium growth with an application concentration of 200 ppm, significantly reducing toxin synthesis and disease symptoms in Fusarium-inoculated barley leaves. RNA-Seq analysis of F. graminearum in barley leaf pathosystem exposed to CS_10 showed a list of differentially expressed genes involved in redox balance, cell respiration, nutrient transport, cell wall degradation enzymes, ergosterol biosynthesis, and trichothecenes production. The genes functioning in these essential pathways are discussed and assigned as critical checkpoints to control Fusarium infections. The results suggest some important molecular targets in F. graminearum that may be suitable in gene-specific targeting or transgene-free methods, such as spray-induced gene silencing during host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Poznanski
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland; (P.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Amir Hameed
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland; (P.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Marta Dmochowska-Boguta
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland; (P.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Marcin Bryla
- Professor Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Waclaw Orczyk
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland; (P.P.); (A.H.)
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23
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Erazo JG, Palacios SA, Veliz NA, Del Canto A, Plem S, Ramirez ML, Torres AM. Effect of Temperature, Water Activity and Incubation Time on Trichothecene Production by Fusarium cerealis Isolated from Durum Wheat Grains. Pathogens 2023; 12:736. [PMID: 37242406 PMCID: PMC10222493 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium cerealis is a causal agent of Fusarium Head Blight in wheat, and it produces both deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV). Nevertheless, the effect of environmental factors on the growth and mycotoxin production of this species has not been studied so far. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of environmental factors on the growth and mycotoxin production of F. cerealis strains. All strains were able to grow in a wide range of water activity (aW) and temperatures, but their mycotoxin production was influenced by strain and environmental factors. NIV was produced at high aW and temperatures, while optimal conditions for DON production were observed at low aW. Interestingly, some strains were able to simultaneously produce both toxins, which could pose a more significant risk for grain contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adriana M. Torres
- Instituto de Investigación en Micología y Micotoxicología (IMICO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina; (J.G.E.); (S.A.P.); (N.A.V.)
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24
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Valenti I, Tini F, Sevarika M, Agazzi A, Beccari G, Bellezza I, Ederli L, Grottelli S, Pasquali M, Romani R, Saracchi M, Covarelli L. Impact of Enniatin and Deoxynivalenol Co-Occurrence on Plant, Microbial, Insect, Animal and Human Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:271. [PMID: 37104209 PMCID: PMC10144843 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium mycotoxins commonly contaminate agricultural products resulting in a serious threat to both animal and human health. The co-occurrence of different mycotoxins in the same cereal field is very common, so the risks as well as the functional and ecological effects of mycotoxins cannot always be predicted by focusing only on the effect of the single contaminants. Enniatins (ENNs) are among the most frequently detected emerging mycotoxins, while deoxynivalenol (DON) is probably the most common contaminant of cereal grains worldwide. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the simultaneous exposure to these mycotoxins, with emphasis on the combined effects in multiple organisms. Our literature analysis shows that just a few studies on ENN-DON toxicity are available, suggesting the complexity of mycotoxin interactions, which include synergistic, antagonistic, and additive effects. Both ENNs and DON modulate drug efflux transporters, therefore this specific ability deserves to be explored to better understand their complex biological role. Additionally, future studies should investigate the interaction mechanisms of mycotoxin co-occurrence on different model organisms, using concentrations closer to real exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Valenti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.V.); (M.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Francesco Tini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Milos Sevarika
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Beccari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Luisa Ederli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Silvia Grottelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Matias Pasquali
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.V.); (M.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Roberto Romani
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Marco Saracchi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.V.); (M.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Covarelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.S.); (G.B.); (L.E.); (R.R.); (L.C.)
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