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Wang S, Xiang Z, Gao P, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Ge X, Guo X, Han J, Yang H. African swine fever virus structural protein p17 inhibits IRF3 activation by recruiting host protein PR65A and inducing apoptotic degradation of STING. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1428233. [PMID: 38957619 PMCID: PMC11217484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1428233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is notoriously known for evolving strategies to modulate IFN signaling. Despite lots of efforts, the underlying mechanisms have remained incompletely understood. This study concerns the regulatory role of viral inner membrane protein p17. We found that the ASFV p17 shows a preferential interaction with cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, but not the RIG-I-MAVS-NF-κB signaling, and can inhibit both poly(I:C)- and poly(A:T)-induced activation of IRF3, leading to attenuation of IFN-β induction. Mechanistically, p17 interacts with STING and IRF3 and recruits host scaffold protein PR65A, a subunit of cellular phosphatase PP2A, to down-regulate the level of p-IRF3. Also, p17 targets STING for partial degradation via induction of cellular apoptosis that consequently inhibits activation of both p-TBK1 and p-IRF3. Thus, our findings reveal novel regulatory mechanisms for p17 modulation of IFN signaling and shed light on the intricate interplay between ASFV proteins and host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinna Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang D, Jiang S, Xia N, Zhang J, Liu A, Deng D, Zhang C, Sun Y, Chen N, Kang X, Pan Z, Zheng W, Zhu J. Development of visual detection of African swine fever virus using CRISPR/LwCas13a lateral flow strip based on structural protein gene D117L. Vet Microbiol 2024; 293:110073. [PMID: 38579481 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large double stranded DNA arbovirus that is highly contagious and seriously endangers domestic and wild pigs. In the past decade, African swine fever (ASF) has spread in many countries in the Caucasus, Russian Federation, Eastern Europe and Asia, causing significant losses to the pig industry. At present, there is a lack of effective vaccine and treatment for ASF. Therefore, the rapid and accurate detection is crucial for ASF prevention and control. In this study, we have developed a portable lateral flow strip (LFS) detection mediated by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/LwCas13a, which is performed at 37 ℃ and visualized by eyes without the need for complex instruments. This RPA-LwCas13a-LFS is based on the ASFV structural protein p17 gene (D117L), with a detection sensitivity up to 2 gene copies. This method is highly specific and has no cross reactivity to 7 other pig viruses. In the detection of two batches of 100 clinical samples, the p17 (D117L) RPA-LwCas13a-LFS had 100% coincidence with conventional quantitative PCR (qPCR). These findings demonstrate the potential of this simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific ASFV detection method for on-site ASFV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Sen Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Nengwen Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Anjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Dafu Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Nanhua Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Xilong Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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Chen Y, Ni J, Wang C, Zhai X, Luo T, Li YP, Wei Y, Liu Y. The proteomic analysis uncovers the cellular responses to the African swine fever virus membrane proteins p54, p17, and pB117L. Microbes Infect 2024:105348. [PMID: 38697277 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection causes African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious and fatal disease that poses severe threat to swine production. To gain insights into the host responses to ASFV, we generated recombinant adenovirus Ad5 expressing viral membrane proteins p54, p17, and pB117L individually and infected an alveolar cell line, 3D4/21, with these recombinant viruses. Then, the cell lysates were analyzed using label-free quantification proteomic analysis method. A total of 2158 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, of which 817, 466, and 875 proteins were from Ad5-p54-, Ad5-p17-, Ad5-pB117L-infected 3D4/21 cells, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed distinct yet interconnecting patterns of protein interaction networks. Specifically, the Ad5-p54 virus infection enriched the DEPs primarily involved in the metabolic pathways, endocytosis, adherens junction, and SNARE interactions in vesicular transport. The Ad5-p17 virus infection enriched the DEPs in endocytosis, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, N-Glycan biosynthesis, and apoptosis, while the Ad5-pB117L virus infection enriched the DEPs in metabolic pathways, endocytosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and focal adhesion. In summary, these results provide a comprehensive proteinomics analysis of the cellular responses to three ASFV membrane proteins, thus facilitating our understanding of ASFV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China; China Animal Disease Control Center (CADC), Beijing 102618, China
| | - Jianqiang Ni
- China Animal Disease Control Center (CADC), Beijing 102618, China
| | - Chuanbin Wang
- China Animal Disease Control Center (CADC), Beijing 102618, China
| | - Xinyan Zhai
- China Animal Disease Control Center (CADC), Beijing 102618, China
| | - Tingrong Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Youchuan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yuliang Liu
- China Animal Disease Control Center (CADC), Beijing 102618, China.
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Tabar MMM, Fathi M, Kazemi F, Bazregari G, Ghasemian A. STING pathway as a cancer immunotherapy: Progress and challenges in activating anti-tumor immunity. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:487. [PMID: 38578532 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in innate immunity by detecting cytoplasmic DNA and initiating antiviral host defense mechanisms. The STING cascade is triggered when the enzyme cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) binds cytosolic DNA and synthesizes the secondary messenger cGAMP. cGAMP activates the endoplasmic reticulum adaptor STING, leading to the activation of kinases TBK1 and IRF3 that induce interferon production. Secreted interferons establish an antiviral state in infected and adjacent cells. Beyond infections, aberrant DNA in cancer cells can also activate the STING pathway. Preclinical studies have shown that pharmacological STING agonists like cyclic dinucleotides elicit antitumor immunity when administered intratumorally by provoking innate and adaptive immunity. Combining STING agonists with immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve outcomes by overcoming tumor immunosuppression. First-generation STING agonists encountered challenges like poor pharmacokinetics, limited tumor specificity, and systemic toxicity. The development of the next-generation STING-targeted drugs to realize the full potential of engaging this pathway for cancer treatment can be a solution to overcome the current challenges, but further studies are required to determine optimal applications and combination regimens for the clinic. Notably, the controlled activation of STING is needed to preclude adverse effects. This review explores the mechanisms and effects of STING activation, its role in cancer immunotherapy, and current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnaz Fathi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ghazal Bazregari
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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5
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Wang T, Li S, Hu X, Geng Y, Chen L, Liu W, Zhao J, Tian W, Wang C, Li Y, Li L. Heme oxygenase-1 is an equid alphaherpesvirus 8 replication restriction host protein and suppresses viral replication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0322023. [PMID: 38441979 PMCID: PMC10986571 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03220-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Equid alphaherpesvirus 8 (EqHV-8) is one of the most economically important viruses that is known to cause severe respiratory disease, abortion, and neurological syndromes in equines. However, no effective vaccines or therapeutic agents are available to control EqHV-8 infection. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an antioxidant defense enzyme that displays significant cytoprotective effects against different viral infections. However, the literature on the function of HO-1 during EqHV-8 infection is little. We explored the effects of HO-1 on EqHV-8 infection and revealed its potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that HO-1 induced by cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) or HO-1 overexpression inhibited EqHV-8 replication in susceptible cells. In contrast, HO-1 inhibitor (zinc protoporphyria) or siRNA targeting HO-1 reversed the anti-EqHV-8 activity. Furthermore, biliverdin, a metabolic product of HO-1, mediated the anti-EqHV-8 effect of HO-1 via both the protein kinase C (PKC)β/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathways. In addition, CoPP protected the mice by reducing the EqHV-8 infection in the lungs. Altogether, these results indicated that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.IMPORTANCEEqHV-8 infections have threatened continuously donkey and horse industry worldwide, which induces huge economic losses every year. However, no effective vaccination strategies or drug against EqHV-8 infection until now. Our present study found that one host protien HO-1 restrict EqHV-8 replication in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HO-1 and its metabolite biliverdin suppress EqHV-8 relication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathways. Hence, we believe that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinyao Hu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Geng
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yubao Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Hu B, Zhong G, Ding S, Xu K, Peng X, Dong W, Zhou J. African swine fever virus protein p17 promotes mitophagy by facilitating the interaction of SQSTM1 with TOMM70. Virulence 2023; 14:2232707. [PMID: 37442088 PMCID: PMC10348029 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2232707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses have developed different strategies to hijack mitophagy to facilitate their replication. However, whether and how African swine fever virus (ASFV) regulates mitophagy are largely unknown. Here, we found that the ASFV-encoded p17 induced mitophagy. Coimmunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry assays identified translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 70 (TOMM70) as the protein that interacted with p17. The binding of TOMM70 to p17 promoted the binding of the mitophagy receptor SQSTM1 to TOMM70, led to engulfment of mitochondria by autophagosomes, and consequently decreased the number of mitochondria. Consistently, the levels of TOMM70 and TOMM20 decreased substantially after p17 expression or ASFV infection. Furthermore, p17-mediated mitophagy resulted in the degradation of mitochondrial antiviral signalling proteins and inhibited the production of IFN-α, IL-6 and TNFα. Overall, our findings suggest that ASFV p17 regulates innate immunity by inducing mitophagy via the interaction of SQSTM1 with TOMM70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boli Hu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Guifang Zhong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Shuxiang Ding
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Kang Xu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Xiran Peng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Weiren Dong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, PR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, PR, China
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Chen Y, Song Z, Chang H, Guo Y, Wei Z, Sun Y, Gong L, Zheng Z, Zhang G. Dihydromyricetin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by downregulating toll-like receptor 4-dependent pyroptosis in vitro. Vet Res 2023; 54:58. [PMID: 37438783 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF), caused by ASF virus (ASFV) infection, poses a huge threat to the pork industry owing to ineffective preventive and control measures. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop strategies, including antiviral drugs targeting ASFV, for preventing ASFV spread. This study aimed to identify novel compounds with anti-ASFV activity. To this end, we screened a small chemical library of 102 compounds, among which the natural flavonoid dihydromyricetin (DHM) exhibited the most potent anti-ASFV activity. DHM treatment inhibited ASFV replication in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it inhibited porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and swine influenza virus replication, which suggested that DHM exerts broad-spectrum antiviral effects. Mechanistically, DHM treatment inhibited ASFV replication in various ways in the time-to-addition assay, including pre-, co-, and post-treatment. Moreover, DHM treatment reduced the levels of ASFV-induced inflammatory mediators by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, DHM treatment reduced the ASFV-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species, further minimizing pyroptosis by inhibiting the ASFV-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Interestingly, the effects of DHM on ASFV were partly reversed by treatment with polyphyllin VI (a pyroptosis agonist) and RS 09 TFA (a TLR4 agonist), suggesting that DHM inhibits pyroptosis by regulating TLR4 signaling. Furthermore, targeting TLR4 with resatorvid (a specific inhibitor of TLR4) and small interfering RNA against TLR4 impaired ASFV replication. Taken together, these results reveal the anti-ASFV activity of DHM and the underlying mechanism of action, providing a potential compound for developing antiviral drugs targeting ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zebu Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanchen Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yankuo Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Zezhong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guihong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Hou L, Yang X, Liu C, Guo J, Shi Y, Sun T, Feng X, Zhou J, Liu J. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Its Metabolites Carbon Monoxide and Biliverdin, but Not Iron, Exert Antiviral Activity against Porcine Circovirus Type 3. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0506022. [PMID: 37140466 PMCID: PMC10269822 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a newly discovered pathogen that causes porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS)-like clinical signs, multisystemic inflammation, and reproductive failure. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-inducible enzyme, exerts protective functions by converting heme into carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron. However, the effects of HO-1 and its metabolites on PCV3 replication remain unknown. In this study, experiments involving specific inhibitors, lentivirus transduction, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection revealed that active PCV3 infection reduced HO-1 expression and that the expression of HO-1 negatively regulated virus replication in cultured cells, depending on its enzymatic activity. Subsequently, the effects of the HO-1 metabolites (CO, BV, and iron) on PCV3 infection were investigated. The CO inducers (cobalt protoporphyrin IX [CoPP] or tricarbonyl dichloro ruthenium [II] dimer [CORM-2]) mediate PCV3 inhibition by generating CO, and this inhibition is reversed by hemoglobin (Hb; a CO scavenger). The inhibition of PCV3 replication by BV depended on BV-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction, as N-acetyl-l-cysteine affected PCV3 replication while reducing ROS production. The reduction product of BV, bilirubin (BR), specifically promoted nitric oxide (NO) generation and further activated the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) pathway to attenuate PCV3 infection. Both the iron provided by FeCl3 and the iron chelated by deferoxamine (DFO) with CoPP treatment failed to affect PCV3 replication. Our data demonstrate that the HO-1-CO-cGMP/PKG, HO-1-BV-ROS, and HO-1-BV-BR-NO-cGMP/PKG pathways contribute crucially to the inhibition of PCV3 replication. These results provide important insights regarding preventing and controlling PCV3 infection. IMPORTANCE The regulation of host protein expression by virus infection is the key to facilitating self-replication. As an important emerging pathogen of swine, clarification of the interaction between PCV3 infection and the host enables us to understand the viral life cycle and pathogenesis better. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its metabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron have been demonstrated to involve a wealth of viral replications. Here, we, for the first time, demonstrated that HO-1 expression decreases in PCV3-infected cells and negatively regulates PCV3 replication and that the HO-1 metabolic products CO and BV inhibit PCV3 replication by the CO- or BV/BR/NO-dependent cGMP/PKG pathway or BV-mediated ROS reduction, but the iron (the third metabolic product) does not. Specifically, PCV3 infection maintains normal proliferation by downregulating HO-1 expression. These findings clarify the mechanism by which HO-1 modulates PCV3 replication in cells and provide important targets for preventing and controlling PCV3 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Changzhe Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinshuo Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Hao S, Zheng X, Zhu Y, Yao Y, Li S, Xu Y, Feng WH. African swine fever virus QP383R dampens type I interferon production by promoting cGAS palmitoylation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1186916. [PMID: 37228597 PMCID: PMC10203406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes viral DNA and synthesizes cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING/MITA) and downstream mediators to elicit an innate immune response. African swine fever virus (ASFV) proteins can antagonize host immune responses to promote its infection. Here, we identified ASFV protein QP383R as an inhibitor of cGAS. Specifically, we found that overexpression of QP383R suppressed type I interferons (IFNs) activation stimulated by dsDNA and cGAS/STING, resulting in decreased transcription of IFNβ and downstream proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, we showed that QP383R interacted directly with cGAS and promoted cGAS palmitoylation. Moreover, we demonstrated that QP383R suppressed DNA binding and cGAS dimerization, thus inhibiting cGAS enzymatic functions and reducing cGAMP production. Finally, the truncation mutation analysis indicated that the 284-383aa of QP383R inhibited IFNβ production. Considering these results collectively, we conclude that QP383R can antagonize host innate immune response to ASFV by targeting the core component cGAS in cGAS-STING signaling pathways, an important viral strategy to evade this innate immune sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-hai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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10
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Yang S, Miao C, Liu W, Zhang G, Shao J, Chang H. Structure and function of African swine fever virus proteins: Current understanding. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1043129. [PMID: 36846791 PMCID: PMC9950752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1043129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly infectious and lethal double-stranded DNA virus that is responsible for African swine fever (ASF). ASFV was first reported in Kenya in 1921. Subsequently, ASFV has spread to countries in Western Europe, Latin America, and Eastern Europe, as well as to China in 2018. ASFV epidemics have caused serious pig industry losses around the world. Since the 1960s, much effort has been devoted to the development of an effective ASF vaccine, including the production of inactivated vaccines, attenuated live vaccines, and subunit vaccines. Progress has been made, but unfortunately, no ASF vaccine has prevented epidemic spread of the virus in pig farms. The complex ASFV structure, comprising a variety of structural and non-structural proteins, has made the development of ASF vaccines difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to fully explore the structure and function of ASFV proteins in order to develop an effective ASF vaccine. In this review, we summarize what is known about the structure and function of ASFV proteins, including the most recently published findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Liu
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guanglei Zhang
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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11
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Behzadi A, imani S, Deravi N, Mohammad Taheri Z, mohammadian F, moraveji Z, Shavysi S, Mostafaloo M, Soleimani Hadidi F, Nanbakhsh S, Olangian-Tehrani S, Marabi MH, behshood P, Poudineh M, Kheirandish A, Keylani K, Behfarnia P. Antiviral Potential of Melissa officinalis L.: A Literature Review. Nutr Metab Insights 2023; 16:11786388221146683. [PMID: 36655201 PMCID: PMC9841880 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221146683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic drugs has increased in recent years; however, herbal medicine is yet more trusted among a huge population worldwide; This could be due to minimal side effects, affordable prices, and traditional beliefs. Lemongrass (Melissa officinalis) has been widely used for reducing stress and anxiety, increasing appetite and sleep, reducing pain, healing wounds, and treating poisonous insect bites and bee stings for a long time. Today, research has shown that this plant can also fight viruses including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) through various mechanisms such as inhibiting HSV-1 from binding to host cell, inhibiting HSV-1 replication during the post-adsorption or inhibiting main protease and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, furthermore, be effective in treating related diseases. This Review investigated the antiviral properties of Melissa officinalis and its effect on viral diseases. More in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine Melissa officinaliss underlying mechanism, and more randomized controlled trials should be done to identify its effect in humans. Also, due to the usefulness and lack of side effects, it can be used more as a complementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Behzadi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh imani
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - fatemeh mohammadian
- Student Research Committee, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - zahra moraveji
- Student Research Committee, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shavysi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mostafaloo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Soleimani Hadidi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Nanbakhsh
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Olangian-Tehrani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hesam Marabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa behshood
- Department of Microbiology, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,Mohadeseh Poudineh, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran-Zanjan-Shahrake Karmandan-12th Street, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran.
| | - Ali Kheirandish
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kimia Keylani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Behfarnia
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Pooya Behfarnia, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 19839-6311, Iran. E-mail:
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12
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Netherton CL, Shimmon GL, Hui JYK, Connell S, Reis AL. African Swine Fever Virus Host-Pathogen Interactions. Subcell Biochem 2023; 106:283-331. [PMID: 38159232 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever virus is a complex double-stranded DNA virus that exhibits tropism for cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system. Virus replication is a multi-step process that involves the nucleus of the host cell as well the formation of large perinuclear sites where progeny virions are assembled prior to transport to, and budding through, the plasma membrane. Like many viruses, African swine fever virus reorganises the cellular architecture to facilitate its replication and has evolved multiple mechanisms to avoid the potential deleterious effects of host cell stress response pathways. However, how viral proteins and virus-induced structures trigger cellular stress pathways and manipulate the subsequent responses is still relatively poorly understood. African swine fever virus alters nuclear substructures, modulates autophagy, apoptosis and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways. The viral genome encodes for at least 150 genes, of which approximately 70 are incorporated into the virion. Many of the non-structural genes have not been fully characterised and likely play a role in host range and modifying immune responses. As the field moves towards approaches that take a broader view of the effect of expression of individual African swine fever genes, we summarise how the different steps in virus replication interact with the host cell and the current state of knowledge on how it modulates the resulting stress responses.
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13
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Kholod N, Koltsov A, Koltsova G. Analysis of gene expression in monocytes of immunized pigs after infection with homologous or heterologous African swine fever virus. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:936978. [PMID: 36032295 PMCID: PMC9411669 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.936978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is a deadly disease of pigs caused by the large DNA virus (ASFV). Despite intensive research, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of ASFV pathogenesis. Transcriptome analysis of host and viral genes in infected macrophages revealed changes in expression of genes involved in various biological processes, including immune response, inflammatory response and apoptosis. To understand the mechanisms of virus pathogenesis, we used transcriptome analysis to identify the differences in gene expression between peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) isolated from pigs immunized with attenuated Congo ASFV strain (KK262), and then infected in vitro with virulent homologous Congo strain (K49) or heterologous Mozambique strain (M78). We found that overexpression of IFN-γ was detected only in cells infected with M78, although the expression of interferon-stimulated genes was increased in both types of cells. In addition, up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was found in PBMCs infected with the heterologous strain M78, in contrast to the cells infected with K49. These data may indicate the beginning of an early immune response in cells infected with a heterologous, but not homologous strain. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of genes involved in endocytosis and phagocytosis in cells infected with the K49 strain, but not in PBMCs infected with M78. On the contrary, we detected activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response genes in cells infected with a homologous strain, but not in cells infected with a heterologous strain. This study is the first attempt to determine the differences in the response to ASF infection between homologous and heterologous strains at the cellular level. Our results showed that not only genes of the immune response, but also genes involved in endocytosis and cellular stress response may be important for the formation of cross-protective immunity. This data may be useful for vaccine development or testing of candidate vaccines.
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Peng X, Su S, Zeng J, Xie K, Yang X, Xian G, Xiao Z, Zhu P, Zheng S, Xu D, Zeng Q. 4-Octyl itaconate suppresses the osteogenic response in aortic valvular interstitial cells via the Nrf2 pathway and alleviates aortic stenosis in mice with direct wire injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:404-418. [PMID: 35787451 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most prevalent valvular heart disease in older individuals, but there is a lack of drug treatment. The cellular biological mechanisms of CAVD are still unclear. Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) have been suggested to be involved in the progression of CAVD. Many studies have demonstrated that 4-octyl itaconate (OI) plays beneficial roles in limiting inflammation and oxidative injury. However, the potential role of OI in CAVD has not been thoroughly explored. Thus, we investigated OI-mediated modulation of ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum stress to inhibit osteogenic differentiation in aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs). In our study, calcified aortic valves showed increased levels of ER stress and superoxide anion, as well as abnormal expression of Hmox1 and NQO1. In VICs, OI activated the Nrf2 signaling cascade and contributed to Nrf2 stabilization and nuclear translocation, thus augmenting the expression of genes downstream of Nrf2 (Hmox1 and NQO1). Moreover, OI ameliorated osteogenic medium (OM)-induced ROS production, mitochondrial ROS levels and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in VICs. Furthermore, OI attenuated the OM-induced upregulation of ER stress markers, osteogenic markers and calcium deposition, which were blocked by the Nrf2-specific inhibitor ML385. Interestingly, we found that OM-induced ER stress and osteogenic differentiation were ROS-dependent and that Hmox1 silencing triggered ROS production, ER stress and elevated osteogenic activity, which were inhibited by NAC. Overexpression of NQO1 mediated by adenovirus vectors significantly suppressed OM-induced ER stress and osteogenic markers. Collectively, these results showed the anti-osteogenic effects of OI on AVICs by regulating the generation of ROS and ER stress by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, OI alleviated aortic stenosis in a mouse model with direct wire injury. Due to its antioxidant properties, OI could be a potential drug for the prevention and/or treatment of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiji Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaopeng Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zezhou Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dingli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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African Swine Fever Virus Manipulates the Cell Cycle of G0-Infected Cells to Access Cellular Nucleotides. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081593. [PMID: 35893659 PMCID: PMC9331790 DOI: 10.3390/v14081593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus manipulates the cell cycle of infected G0 cells by inducing its progression via unblocking cells from the G0 to S phase and then arresting them in the G2 phase. DNA synthesis in infected alveolar macrophages starts at 10–12 h post infection. DNA synthesis in the nuclei of G0 cells is preceded by the activation of the viral genes K196R, A240L, E165R, F334L, F778R, and R298L involved in the synthesis of nucleotides and the regulation of the cell cycle. The activation of these genes in actively replicating cells begins later and is less pronounced. The subsequent cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase is also due to the cessation of the synthesis of cellular factors that control the progression of the cell cycle–cyclins. This data describes the manipulation of the cell cycle by the virus to gain access to the nucleotides synthesized by the cell. The genes affecting the cell cycle simply remain disabled until the beginning of cellular DNA synthesis (8–9 hpi). The genes responsible for the synthesis of nucleotides are turned on later in the presence of nucleotides and their transcriptional activity is lower than that during virus replication in an environment without nucleotides.
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African Swine Fever Virus EP364R and C129R Target Cyclic GMP-AMP To Inhibit the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway. J Virol 2022; 96:e0102222. [PMID: 35861515 PMCID: PMC9364804 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01022-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly pathogenic swine DNA virus with high mortality that causes African swine fever (ASF) in domestic pigs and wild boars. For efficient viral infection, ASFV has developed complex strategies to evade key components of antiviral innate immune responses. However, the immune escape mechanism of ASFV remains unclear. Upon ASFV infection, cyclic GMP-AMP (2′,3′-cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), a cytosolic DNA sensor, recognizes ASFV DNA and synthesizes the second messenger 2′,3′-cGAMP, which triggers interferon (IFN) production to interfere with viral replication. In this study, we demonstrated a novel immune evasion mechanism of ASFV EP364R and C129R, which blocks cellular cyclic 2′,3′-cGAMP-mediated antiviral responses. ASFV EP364R and C129R with nuclease homology inhibit IFN-mediated responses by specifically interacting with 2′,3′-cGAMP and exerting their phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity to cleave 2′,3′-cGAMP. Particularly notable is that ASFV EP364R had a region of homology with the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein containing a 2′,3′-cGAMP-binding motif and point mutations in the Y76S and N78A amino acids of EP364R that impaired interaction with 2′,3′-cGAMP and restored subsequent antiviral responses. These results highlight a critical role for ASFV EP364R and C129R in the inhibition of IFN responses and could be used to develop ASFV live attenuated vaccines. IMPORTANCE African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and wild boars caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASF is a deadly epidemic disease in the global pig industry, but no drugs or vaccines are available. Understanding the pathogenesis of ASFV is essential to developing an effective live attenuated ASFV vaccine, and investigating the immune evasion mechanisms of ASFV is crucial to improve the understanding of its pathogenesis. In this study, for the first time, we identified the EP364R and C129R, uncharacterized proteins that inhibit type I interferon signaling. ASFV EP364R and C129R specifically interacted with 2′,3′-cGAMP, the mammalian second messenger, and exerted phosphodiesterase activity to cleave 2′,3′-cGAMP. In this study, we discovered a novel mechanism by which ASFV inhibits IFN-mediated antiviral responses, and our findings can guide the understanding of ASFV pathogenesis and the development of live attenuated ASFV vaccines.
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Zheng W, Xia N, Zhang J, Cao Q, Jiang S, Luo J, Wang H, Chen N, Zhang Q, Meurens F, Zhu J. African Swine Fever Virus Structural Protein p17 Inhibits cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway Through Interacting With STING. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941579. [PMID: 35844609 PMCID: PMC9283692 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) encodes more than 150 proteins, which establish complex interactions with the host for the benefit of the virus in order to evade the host’s defenses. However, currently, there is still a lack of information regarding the roles of the viral proteins in host cells. Here, our data demonstrated that ASFV structural protein p17 exerts a negative regulatory effect on cGAS-STING signaling pathway and the STING signaling dependent anti-HSV1 and anti-VSV functions. Further, the results indicated that ASFV p17 was located in ER and Golgi apparatus, and interacted with STING. ASFV p17 could interfere the STING to recruit TBK1 and IKKϵ through its interaction with STING. It was also suggested that the transmembrane domain (amino acids 39–59) of p17 is required for interacting with STING and inhibiting cGAS-STING pathway. Additionally, with the p17 specific siRNA, the ASFV induced IFN-β, ISG15, ISG56, IL-6 and IL-8 gene transcriptions were upregulated in ASFV infected primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Taken together, ASFV p17 can inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway through its interaction with STING and interference of the recruitment of TBK1 and IKKϵ. Our work establishes the role of p17 in the immune evasion and thus provides insights on ASFV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanglong Zheng
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nengwen Xia
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Cao
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sen Jiang
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia Luo
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nanhua Chen
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - François Meurens
- BIOEPAR, INRAE, Oniris, Nantes, France
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzhong Zhu,
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Muñoz A, Tabarés E. Characteristics of the major structural proteins of African swine fever virus: Role as antigens in the induction of neutralizing antibodies. A review. Virology 2022; 571:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang Q, Zhou L, Wang J, Su D, Li D, Du Y, Yang G, Zhang G, Chu B. African Swine Fever Virus K205R Induces ER Stress and Consequently Activates Autophagy and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020394. [PMID: 35215987 PMCID: PMC8880579 DOI: 10.3390/v14020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is responsible for enormous economic losses in the global swine industry. The ASFV genome encodes approximate 160 proteins, most of whose functions remain largely unknown. In this study, we examined the roles of ASFV K205R in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and inflammation. We observed that K205R was located in both the cytosolic and membrane fractions, and formed stress granules in cells. Furthermore, K205R triggered ER stress and activated the unfolded protein response through activating the transcription factor 6, ER to nucleus signaling 1, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3/PERK) signaling pathways. Moreover, K205R inhibited the serine/threonine kinase 1 and the mechanistic target of the rapamycin kinase signaling pathway, thereby activating unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1, and hence autophagy. In addition, K205R stimulated the translocation of P65 into the nucleus and the subsequent activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Inhibition of ER stress with a PERK inhibitor attenuated K205R-induced autophagy and NF-κB activation. Our data demonstrated a previously uncharacterized role of ASFV K205R in ER stress, autophagy, and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Luyu Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Dan Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Dahua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yongkun Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guoyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- College of Animal Science & Techmology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450047, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (B.C.)
| | - Beibei Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (Q.W.); (L.Z.); (J.W.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (B.C.)
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Zeng W, Ren J, Li Z, Jiang C, Sun Q, Li C, Li W, Li W, He Q. Levistolide A Inhibits PEDV Replication via Inducing ROS Generation. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020258. [PMID: 35215851 PMCID: PMC8878026 DOI: 10.3390/v14020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) variant strains adversely affect the production of pigs globally. Vaccines derived from PEDV traditional strains impart less protection against the variant strains. Moreover, sequence diversity among different PEDV variant strains is also complicated. This necessitates developing alternative antiviral strategies for defending against PEDV. This study explored a natural product, Levistolide A (LA), to possess antiviral activity against PEDV. LA was found to suppress PEDV replication in a dose-dependent manner. And the inhibitory effect of LA against PEDV was maintained in the course of time. In terms of viral RNA and protein production, LA also showed a strong inhibitory effect. In addition, LA was indicated to inhibit PEDV from attaching to the cellular membrane or penetrating the cells. Further study revealed that LA can induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the corresponding inhibitor, NAC, was found to antagonize the effect of LA on inhibiting PEDV replication. This illustrated that the LA-induced ROS generation played an important role in its anti-PEDV activity. LA was also identified to stimulate ER stress, which is an important consequence of ROS production and was proven to be able to inhibit PEDV replication. To conclude, this study revealed that LA can inhibit PEDV replication via inducing ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingping Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;
| | - Changsheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wentao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (J.R.); (C.J.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (W.L.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Zhao G, Li T, Liu X, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Kang L, Song J, Zhou S, Chen X, Wang X, Li J, Huang L, Li C, Bu Z, Zheng J, Weng C. African swine fever virus cysteine protease pS273R inhibits pyroptosis by noncanonically cleaving gasdermin D. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101480. [PMID: 34890644 PMCID: PMC8728581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a viral hemorrhagic disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar and is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The ASFV virion contains a long double-stranded DNA genome, which encodes more than 150 proteins. However, the immune escape mechanism and pathogenesis of ASFV remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the pyroptosis execution protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a new binding partner of ASFV-encoded protein S273R (pS273R), which belongs to the SUMO-1 cysteine protease family. Further experiments demonstrated that ASFV pS273R-cleaved swine GSDMD in a manner dependent on its protease activity. ASFV pS273R specifically cleaved GSDMD at G107-A108 to produce a shorter N-terminal fragment of GSDMD consisting of residues 1 to 107 (GSDMD-N1–107). Interestingly, unlike the effect of GSDMD-N1–279 fragment produced by caspase-1-mediated cleavage, the assay of LDH release, cell viability, and virus replication showed that GSDMD-N1–107 did not trigger pyroptosis or inhibit ASFV replication. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism involved in the inhibition of ASFV infection-induced pyroptosis, which highlights an important function of pS273R in inflammatory responses and ASFV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihong Zhao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Xuemin Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Taoqing Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Li Kang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Jie Song
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Li Huang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Changyao Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China.
| | - Changjiang Weng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin, China.
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22
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Shao Q, Huang J, Li J. Intracellular Replication Inhibitory Effects of Tea Tree Oil on Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Anti-inflammatory Activities in Vero Cells. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:759812. [PMID: 34869732 PMCID: PMC8635969 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.759812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral disease management has been proven difficult, and there are no broadly licensed vaccines or therapeutics. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an active pathogen of wild ungulates and livestock; its infection frequently caused irreversible vesicles on the tongue or other positions, leading to enormous economic loss. Tea tree oil (TTO) has been shown to be a popular remedy for many skin diseases owing to its antibacterial, antipruritic, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the potential effect of TTO on VSV proliferation and the corresponding inflammatory response in cells remain unclear. In this study, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to evaluate the cell viability of TTO, and cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) was calculated. Then, fluorescence observation, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot (WB), and flow cytometry (FCM) assay were used to evaluate the antiviral effect of TTO against VSV under three manners of pre-infection before medication, co-administration, pretreatment before infection at safe doses to Vero cells. Meanwhile, the mRNA expressions of interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor α, and ISG56 in cells were also detected. The results showed that the maximum safe concentration of TTO to Vero cells was 0.063% and the CC50 is 0.32%. Most notably, TTO dose-dependently inhibited the VSV GFP fluorescence generation and restrained the replication of VSV in gene and protein levels regardless of the treatment modes. Based on the results of the FCM, effective concentration 50 of TTO against VSV is 0.019%. Similarly, the mRNA expression of the above cytokines induced by viral infection was also remarkably curbed. These findings suggest that TTO emerged blocking, prophylaxis, and treatment action against VSV replication and suppressed the related inflammation in Vero cells. This study provides a novel potential for TTO fighting against viral infection and anti-inflammatory activities in Vero cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Guo Z, Zhuo Y, Li K, Niu S, Dai H. Recent advances in cell homeostasis by African swine fever virus-host interactions. Res Vet Sci 2021; 141:4-13. [PMID: 34634684 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute hemorrhagic disease caused by the infection of domestic swine and wild boar by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), with a mortality rate close to 90-100%. ASFV has been spreading in the world and poses a severe economic threat to the swine industry. There is no high effective vaccine commercially available or drug for this disease. However, attenuated ASFV isolates may infect pigs by chronic infection, and the infected pigs will not be lethal, which may indicate that pigs can produce protective immunity to resistant ASFV. Immunity acquisition and virus clearances are the central pillars to maintain the host normal cell activities and animal survival dependent on virus-host interactions, which has offered insights into the biology of ASFV. This review is organized around general themes including native immunity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell apoptosis, ubiquitination, autophagy regarding the intricate relationship between ASFV protein-host. Elucidating the multifunctional role of ASFV proteins in virus-host interactions can provide more new insights on the initial virus sensing, clearance, and cell homeostasis, and contribute to understanding viral pathogenesis and developing novel antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeheng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yisha Zhuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Keke Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Sai Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hanchuan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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24
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张 梦, 杨 玉, 刘 敏, 梁 利, 罗 瑞, 尹 丹, 郭 风. [Estradiol activates ERK phosphorylation by binding to ERβ to inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of human chondrocytes]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:336-343. [PMID: 33849823 PMCID: PMC8075796 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of estradiol (E2) binding to its receptor ERβ on the proliferation and apoptosis of C28I2 cells. OBJECTIVE We cloned the sequence of ESR2 into a recombinant adenovirus plasmid (pAd-ESR2) and packaged the plasmid in HEK293 cells. Normal human chondrocyte C28I2 cells were transfected with Ad-ESR2 or small interfering RNA targeting ESR2-siRNA (ESR2-siRNA), and the effects of treatment with DMSO or E2 on the expression of the proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell apoptosis were determined using Western blotting. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of proliferation-related marker genes, and an EdU kit and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. We also tested the effects of U0126 (an ERK pathway inhibitor) and E2, alone or in combination, on ER stress, apoptosis and the ERK signaling pathway in C28I2 cells infected with Ad-ESR2 using Western blotting. OBJECTIVE Overexpression of Ad-ESR2 in C28I2 cells significantly promoted the expressions of IRE1α, PERK, XBP1s, and cleaved caspase-12, inhibited proliferation related marker genes PCNA, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, and decreased the level of ERK phosphorylation following E2 treatment (all P < 0.05). Interference of ESR2 caused significant reduction in the expressions of ER stress-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins, up-regulated the genes related to cell proliferation, and increased intracellular pERK/ERK ratio in C28I2 cells. The effect of E2 binding to ERβ, which promoted the expressions of ER stress associated proteins and apoptosis related proteins, was obviously antagonized by treatment of the cells with U0126. OBJECTIVE The binding of E2 to ERβ promotes ER stress and apoptosis in human chondrocytes by activating ERK pathway phosphorylation inhibit cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- 梦颖 张
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 玉有 杨
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 敏 刘
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 利 梁
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 瑞 罗
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 丹旸 尹
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 风劲 郭
- />重庆医科大学基础医学院细胞生物学与遗传学教研室,重庆 400016Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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de Medeiros VLS, Silva LFT. Follow-up of skin lesions during the evolution of COVID-19: a case report. Arch Dermatol Res 2020; 313:603-606. [PMID: 32409976 PMCID: PMC7221337 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The disease caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) has many systemic manifestations affecting the upper airways, lungs, gastrointestinal tract and inducing hematological repercussions. With the evolution of the pandemic, skin lesions were observed. However, there is little information about the evolution of the lesions at this moment. The authors report a case of a patient who had more than one exposure to the coronavirus during the evolution of the disease and manifested different types of edematous lesions. The lesions started in the prodromal period and changed their presentation and localization during the evolution of COVID-19. The lesions regressed quickly with the use of corticoid cream and antihistamine. Viral skin lesions are frequent causes of exanthema. However, viral etiology is not always investigated in acute urticarial and atypical erythematous-edematous conditions. The immunological basis of acute urticaria has points in common with COVID-19, justifying the appearance of lesions. Investigation of viral etiology should always be remembered in acute urticarial and edematous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lucilia Silveira de Medeiros
- Dermatology Clinic, Tropical Medicine Department of Federal, Clinics Hospital, University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50670-901, PE, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Fagundes Teixeira Silva
- Medical Faculty of Recife, Centro de Ciências Médicas, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, 531-611 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50730-120, PE, Brazil
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