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Demidova A, Douguet L, Fert I, Wei Y, Charneau P, Majlessi L. Comparison of preclinical efficacy of immunotherapies against HPV-induced cancers. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:674-687. [PMID: 38978164 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2374287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent infections with the human papilloma viruses, HPV16 and HPV18, are associated with multiple cancers. Although prophylactic vaccines that induce HPV-neutralizing antibodies are effective against primary infections, they have no effect on HPV-mediated malignancies against which there is no approved immuno-therapy. Active research is ongoing on immunotherapy of these cancers. AREAS COVERED In this review, we compared the preclinical efficacy of vaccine platforms used to treat HPV-induced tumors in the standard model of mice grafted with TC-1 cells, which express the HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins. We searched for the key words, 'HPV,' 'vaccine,' 'therapy,' 'E7,' 'tumor,' 'T cells' and 'mice' for the period from 2005 to 2023 in PubMed and found 330 publications. Among them, we selected the most relevant to extract preclinical antitumor results to enable cross-sectional comparison of their efficacy. EXPERT OPINION SECTION We compared these studies for HPV antigen design, immunization regimen, immunogenicity, and antitumor effect, considering their drawbacks and advantages. Among all strategies used in murine models, certain adjuvanted proteins and viral vectors showed the strongest antitumor effects, with the use of lentiviral vectors being the only approach to result in complete tumor eradication in 100% of experimental individuals while providing the longest-lasting memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Demidova
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Laëtitia Douguet
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Yu Wei
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
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Wolf J, Kist LF, Pereira SB, Quessada MA, Petek H, Pille A, Maccari JG, Mutlaq MP, Nasi LA. Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2537. [PMID: 38666757 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is caused by the HPV, a DNA virus that infects epithelial cells in various mucous membranes and skin surfaces. HPV can be categorised into high-risk and low-risk types based on their association with the development of certain cancers. High-risk HPV types, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, are known to be oncogenic and are strongly associated with the development of cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. These types of HPV can persist in the body for an extended period and, in some cases, lead to the formation of precancerous lesions that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Low-risk HPV types, such as HPV-6 and HPV-11, are not typically associated with cancer but can cause benign conditions like genital warts. Genital warts are characterised by the growth of small, cauliflower-like bumps on the genital and anal areas. Although not life-threatening, they can cause discomfort and psychological distress. HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be transmitted through non-penetrative sexual activities that involve skin-to-skin contact. In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth is possible but relatively rare. Prevention of HPV infection includes vaccination and safe sexual practices. HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high-risk HPV types. These vaccines are typically administered to adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active. Safe sexual practices, such as consistent and correct condom use and limiting the number of sexual partners, can also reduce the risk of HPV transmission. Diagnosis of HPV infection can be challenging because the infection is often asymptomatic, especially in men. In women, HPV testing can be done through cervical screening programs, which involve the collection of cervical cells for analysis. Abnormal results may lead to further diagnostic procedures, such as colposcopy or biopsy, to detect precancerous or cancerous changes. Overall, HPV infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant implications for public health. Vaccination, regular screening, and early treatment of precancerous lesions are key strategies to reduce the burden of HPV-related diseases and their associated complications. Education and awareness about HPV and its prevention are crucial in promoting optimal sexual health. This study aimed to carry out a literature review considering several aspects involving HPV infection: Global distribution, prevalence, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, therapeutics, coinfection with other viruses, coinfection with bacteria, association with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and association with anal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wolf
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Helena Petek
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Arthur Pille
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Okyere J, Ayebeng C, Dosoo AK, Dickson KS. Cervical cancer screening among women with comorbidities: evidence from the 2022 Tanzania demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1093. [PMID: 38641602 PMCID: PMC11031947 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to examine cervical cancer screening (CCS) uptake among women living with hypertension and HIV in Tanzania. METHODS We used the recently released 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variable assessed in the study was CCS, whereas chronic morbidities constituted the main explanatory variable. Data analysis was based on observations from 6,298 women aged 30-49 years. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between hypertension and HIV status, and CCS uptake. The analyses were computed in STATA 18. RESULTS Out of the 6,298 respondents, only 805 (12.8%) had undergone CCS with higher screening uptake among those living with either one of the disease (28.5%) than among those living with neither hypertension or HIV. The highest proportion was found among those who had ever been diagnosed with hypertension (24.1%) and among women with positive HIV test results (36.7%). There was a significantly higher likelihood of undergoing screening for cervical cancer among women living with at least one of the diseases [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4-2.8], compared to those without these conditions. Women diagnosed with hypertension showed increased likelihood of undergoing CCS [AOR = 1.4; 95%CI: 1.1-1.7]. Similarly, women with a positive HIV test result demonstrated higher odds of screening uptake [AOR = 5.2; 95%CI: 4.0-6.7]. CONCLUSION The study found a positive association between comorbidities and CCS uptake in Tanzanian women. Our findings emphasize the critical importance of ensuring accessibility and adherence to essential screenings for individuals with chronic morbid conditions. Future efforts should focus on strengthening existing integrated services and identifying potential barriers to accessing CCS within these healthcare settings to optimize cervical cancer prevention efforts for individuals with chronic morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Okyere
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Castro Ayebeng
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Abigail Kabukie Dosoo
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Human Resource Management, School of Business, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Hinton H, Herrera L, Valenzuela S, Howard KM, Kingsley K. Screening for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Reveals HPV52 and HPV58 among Pediatric and Adult Patient Saliva Samples. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:56. [PMID: 38534280 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that the human papillomavirus (HPV) can infect a wide range of human tissues, including those within the oral cavity. High-risk oral HPV strains have been associated with the development and progression of oral cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinomas. Although many studies have examined the prevalence of the high-risk strains HPV16 and HPV18, far fewer have assessed the prevalence of other high-risk HPV strains. An approved study protocol was used to identify HPV52 and HPV58 among clinical samples (n = 87) from a saliva biorepository. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and validated primers for HPV52 and HPV58 were used to facilitate this screening. This screening demonstrated that a total of n = 4/45 or 8.9% of adult saliva samples harbored high-risk HPV52, and n = 2/45 or 4.4% tested positive for high-risk HPV58. In addition, a total of n = 6/42 or 14.3% of the pediatric saliva samples tested positive for high-risk HPV, including n = 5/42 or 11.9% with HPV52 and n = 3/42 or 7.1% for HPV58. These data demonstrate the presence of the high-risk oncogenic HPV52 and HPV58 strains among both adult and pediatric clinical patient samples. More detailed longitudinal research must be conducted to determine whether this prevalence may be increasing or decreasing over time. In addition, these data strongly support public health prevention efforts, such as knowledge and awareness of the nine-valent HPV vaccine covering additional high-risk strains, including HPV52 and HPV58.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Hinton
- Department of Advanced Education in Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Lorena Herrera
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Sofia Valenzuela
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Katherine M Howard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Karl Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
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Bahi MC, Bahramand S, Jan R, Boulaaras S, Ahmad H, Guefaifia R. Fractional view analysis of sexual transmitted human papilloma virus infection for public health. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3048. [PMID: 38321259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The infection of human papilloma virus (HPV) poses a global public health challenge, particularly in regions with limited access to health care and preventive measures, contributing to health disparities and increased disease burden. In this research work, we present a new model to explore the transmission dynamics of HPV infection, incorporating the impact of vaccination through the Atangana-Baleanu derivative. We establish the positivity and uniqueness of the solution for the proposed model HPV infection. The threshold parameter is determined through the next-generation matrix method, symbolized by [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we investigate the local asymptotic stability of the infection-free steady-state of the system. The existence of the solutions of the recommended model is determined through fixed-point theory. A numerical scheme is presented to visualize the dynamical behavior of the system with variation of input factors. We have shown the impact of input parameters on the dynamics of the system through numerical simulations. The findings of our investigation delineated the principal parameters exerting significant influence for the control and prevention of HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Cherif Bahi
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria
- Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Systems, Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria
| | - Salma Bahramand
- Department of Political Science, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, 24420, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Jan
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salah Boulaaras
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hassan Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics, University of Swabi, Swabi, 23561, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Rafik Guefaifia
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Nakaoka S, Tsubata S, Adachi Y. Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis due to Human Papillomavirus Vaccination. JMA J 2024; 7:130-132. [PMID: 38314419 PMCID: PMC10834180 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2023-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN), a rare cause of acute kidney injury in children, is caused by various factors such as drugs, infection, and systemic inflammation. We herein present a case of ATIN with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS)-like findings on head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. A 14-year-old girl presented to our hospital with a high fever for 5 days. Results of common laboratory tests were normal except for increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Antibiotics were administered, and the fever promptly resolved after admission. After 7 weeks, she was readmitted due to a high fever for 4 days. In addition to increased CRP levels and ESR, urine test revealed high urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and β-2-microglobulin levels, and a renal scintigram showed mild bilateral uptake of 67Ga-citrate, consistent with the pathology of ATIN. Furthermore, head MRI, which was performed because the patient experienced prolonged headaches, revealed MERS-like lesions, although she did not have other neurological symptoms. Detailed examination of her medical records revealed that she had developed high fever 10 days after the third HPV vaccination and another previous episode of high fever 12 weeks after the second HPV vaccination. Based on these findings, we concluded that the ATIN and MERS-like lesions could have been associated with HPV vaccination. Although HPV vaccination is important for preventing uterine cancer, physicians must be vigilant about its various potential adverse effects, including ATIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Nakaoka
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Tsubata
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Pediatric Allergy Center, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, Toyama, Japan
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Pruski D, Millert-Kalińska S, Haraj J, Dachowska S, Jach R, Żurawski J, Przybylski M. Knowledge of HPV and HPV Vaccination among Polish Students from Medical and Non-Medical Universities. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1850. [PMID: 38140253 PMCID: PMC10747956 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause both benign and malignant lesions. HPV vaccines, preferably administered before the onset of sexual activity, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in preventing HPV-related cancers. The impact of a healthcare provider's recommendation on HPV vaccine acceptance is substantial. Therefore, medical students must undergo thorough training in this domain. This study compares fundamental understanding and viewpoints regarding HPV and anti-HPV vaccines among Polish students pursuing medical and non-medical sciences. This study was based on the authors' questionnaire, and the results were statistically analyzed. The participants in this study were 1025 students (medical sciences students-520 respondents in total; and non-medical sciences students-505 respondents in total). According to the results, medical students' knowledge about the consequences of HPV infection and vaccination against HPV was significantly greater. To date, numerous publications have investigated the understanding of particular social, gender, parental, etc., groups about vaccination, but the knowledge of students at different universities-medical and other-has not been compared. Social awareness is still insufficient, even in groups of medical students. There is much to be done to educate and encourage preventive behavior in those not receiving primary prevention in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Pruski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, District Public Hospital in Poznan, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.-K.); (M.P.)
| | - Sonja Millert-Kalińska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, District Public Hospital in Poznan, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.-K.); (M.P.)
- Doctoral School of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Haraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sandra Dachowska
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Jach
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Jakub Żurawski
- Department of Immunobiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marcin Przybylski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, District Public Hospital in Poznan, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.-K.); (M.P.)
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Yokoji K, Giguère K, Malagón T, Rönn MM, Mayaud P, Kelly H, Delany-Moretlwe S, Drolet M, Brisson M, Boily MC, Maheu-Giroux M. Association of naturally acquired type-specific HPV antibodies and subsequent HPV re-detection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:70. [PMID: 37941016 PMCID: PMC10631102 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the role of naturally acquired (i.e., infection-induced) human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies against reinfection is important given the high incidence of this sexually transmitted infection. However, the protective effect of naturally acquired antibodies in terms of the level of protection, duration, and differential effect by sex remains incompletely understood. We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis to (1) strengthen the evidence on the association between HPV antibodies acquired through past infection and subsequent type-specific HPV detection, (2) investigate the potential influence of type-specific HPV antibody levels, and (3) assess differential effects by HIV status. METHODS We searched Embase and Medline databases to identify studies which prospectively assessed the risk of type-specific HPV detection by baseline homologous HPV serostatus among unvaccinated individuals. Random-effect models were used to pool the measures of association of naturally acquired HPV antibodies against subsequent incident detection and persistent HPV positivity. Sources of heterogeneity for each type were assessed through subgroup analyses stratified by sex, anatomical site of infection, male sexual orientation, age group, and length of follow-up period. Evidence of a dose-response relationship of the association between levels of baseline HPV antibodies and type-specific HPV detection was assessed. Finally, we pooled estimates from publications reporting associations between HPV serostatus and type-specific HPV detection by baseline HIV status. RESULTS We identified 26 publications (16 independent studies, with 62,363 participants) reporting associations between baseline HPV serostatus and incident HPV detection, mainly for HPV-16 and HPV-18, the most detected HPV type. We found evidence of protective effects of baseline HPV seropositivity and subsequent detection of HPV DNA (0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.80, NE = 11) and persistent HPV positivity (0.65, 95% CI 0.42-1.01, NE = 5) mainly for HPV-16 among females, but not among males, nor for HPV-18. Estimates from 8 studies suggested a negative dose-response relationship between HPV antibody level and subsequent detection among females. Finally, we did not observe any differential effect by baseline HIV status due to the limited number of studies available. CONCLUSION We did not find evidence that naturally acquired HPV antibodies protect against subsequent HPV positivity in males and provide only modest protection among females for HPV-16. One potential limitation to the interpretation of these findings is potential misclassification biases due to different causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Yokoji
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, 2001 Avenue McGill College, Suite 1200, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Katia Giguère
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Talía Malagón
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Minttu M Rönn
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Philippe Mayaud
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Helen Kelly
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Mélanie Drolet
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Marc Brisson
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Boily
- MRC Center for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathieu Maheu-Giroux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, 2001 Avenue McGill College, Suite 1200, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
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Han L, Zhang B. Can prophylactic HPV vaccination reduce the recurrence of cervical lesions after surgery? Review and prospect. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:66. [PMID: 37898754 PMCID: PMC10613367 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with HSIL typically undergo conization/LEEP to remove cervical lesions, but the risk of HSIL lesions returning after surgical treatment remains higher than in the general population. HPV vaccination is essential to prevent cervical cancer. However, the effect of prophylactic HPV vaccination on reducing the risk of recurrent cervical lesions after surgical treatment remains unclear. This review aims to analyze and summarize the latest literature on the role of prophylactic HPV vaccine in reducing the recurrence of cervical lesions after surgery in patients with HSIL, and to review and update the history, efficacy, effectiveness and safety of HPV vaccine, focusing on the current status of global HPV vaccine implementation and obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyi Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, The First College of Clinical Medical Science,, China Three Gorges University, Jiefang Road 2, Yichang City, 443003, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Jiefang Road 2, Yichang City, 443003, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Li Z, Chen S, Mahjabeen I, Shafique R. Nurses and doctors 's awareness and knowledge towards treatment and care of cervical cancer patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:389. [PMID: 37853385 PMCID: PMC10583426 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals' perceptions and experiences in caring for cervical cancer patients. The present study was also designed to assess the healthcare professionals' attitudes toward cervical cancer screening and its prevention. METHODS A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive study was conducted, and 540 participants (240 nurses and 300 doctors), from different hospitals of Pakistan have been selected and interviewed. RESULTS Data was collected using structured questionnaires and SPSS was used to statistically analyze the data. Participants in the present study are questioned with respect to age, gender, and work experience. The mean age of the participants is 35 years. Among them, 41% of participants are < 35 years of age and 59% are > 35 years of age. In the case of gender, 22% of participants are males and 78% are females. 47% of the participants have work experience < 20 years and 53% have work experience > 20 years. Data from the present study showed that most of the nurses are less educated (basic education of middle and matric degree) with a simple diploma in nursing and midwifery. Nurses and doctors do not have any knowledge/experience of the patient's psychological counselling. Participants are also questioned with respect to HPV vaccination, 39% of nurses and 62% of doctors are vaccinated. The difference in vaccination frequency of participants was observed as statistically significant (p < 0.0001). In the case of treatment modalities, doctors have statistically more knowledge about the pap smear (p < 0.0001), cervical biopsy (p < 0.0001), colposcopy (p < 0.0001), and visual application after acetic acid application (p < 0.0001) compared to nurses. Data analysis showed that Pap smear was performed significantly higher in married females compared to unmarried (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION our study provides a comprehensive and in-depth perspective of the nurses and doctors for cervical cancer patients. Cervical cancer prevalence is increasing due to inadequate knowledge and awareness among healthcare professionals. Improvement can be brought about by the regular use of treatment modalities in unmarried females also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Cancer Center Day Ward, Henan Provincial Kev Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, Henan, 450003, China.
- People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan, 450003, China.
- People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, Henan, 450003, China.
| | - Sinuo Chen
- College of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, 475004, China
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad City, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Shafique
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad City, Pakistan
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Douguet L, Fert I, Lopez J, Vesin B, Le Chevalier F, Moncoq F, Authié P, Nguyen T, Noirat A, Névo F, Blanc C, Bourgine M, Hardy D, Anna F, Majlessi L, Charneau P. Full eradication of pre-clinical human papilloma virus-induced tumors by a lentiviral vaccine. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17723. [PMID: 37675835 PMCID: PMC10565635 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the cause of all cervical and numerous oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. The currently available HPV vaccines, which induce neutralizing antibodies, have no therapeutic effect on established tumors. Here, we developed an immuno-oncotherapy against HPV-induced tumors based on a non-integrative lentiviral vector encoding detoxified forms of the Early E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and 18 genotypes, namely, "Lenti-HPV-07". A single intramuscular injection of Lenti-HPV-07 into mice bearing established HPV-induced tumors resulted in complete tumor eradication in 100% of the animals and was also effective against lung metastases. This effect correlated with CD8+ T-cell induction and profound remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. In the intra-tumoral infiltrates of vaccinated mice, the presence of large amounts of activated effector, resident memory, and transcription factor T cell factor-1 (TCF-1)+ "stem-like" CD8+ T cells was associated with full tumor eradication. The Lenti-HPV-07-induced immunity was long-lasting and prevented tumor growth after a late re-challenge, mimicking tumor relapse. Lenti-HPV-07 therapy synergizes with an anti-checkpoint inhibitory treatment and therefore shows promise as an immuno-oncotherapy against established HPV-mediated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Douguet
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Jodie Lopez
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Benjamin Vesin
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Le Chevalier
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fanny Moncoq
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Authié
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Trang‐My Nguyen
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Amandine Noirat
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Névo
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Catherine Blanc
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maryline Bourgine
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - David Hardy
- Histopathology Platform, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - François Anna
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Laleh Majlessi
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
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12
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Milano G, Guarducci G, Nante N, Montomoli E, Manini I. Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology and Prevention: Is There Still a Gender Gap? Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1060. [PMID: 37376449 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Human papillomavirus (HPV) is sexually transmitted, one of the three most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in both males and females, and the most common viral STI. A crucial public health strategy to protect people against HPV is vaccination, which has shown its effectiveness in preventing HPV-related diseases. Presently, three types of vaccines are available (bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonvalent), and they all target the two most oncogenic virus genotypes (HPV 16 and 18). In recent years, the need to implement vaccination programmes that include all genders has been discussed in order to achieve herd immunity against HPV. To date, only a few countries have included young males in their vaccination programmes. Thus, our objective with this review is to provide an overview of the epidemiology of HPV and HPV prevention strategies and report the latest findings from the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Milano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guarducci
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Nante
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- VisMederi S.r.l., 53100 Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Centre on Influenza and Other Transmissible Infections (CIRI-IT), 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Manini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Centre on Influenza and Other Transmissible Infections (CIRI-IT), 16132 Genoa, Italy
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13
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Julia B, Farge G, Mourlat B, Mamane C, Bensimon L, Hommel C, Conan G. Facilitating human papillomavirus vaccination pathways by extending vaccination competencies to community pharmacists: A cross-sectional survey on the acceptability and expectations among healthcare professionals and parents. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2023; 10:100255. [PMID: 37396108 PMCID: PMC10314193 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage rate (VCR) remains low in France (37.4% in girls in 2021). The French health authority recommended in 2022 to extend vaccination competencies to additional healthcare providers (HCPs), including community pharmacists (CPs). Objectives To understand the acceptability by general practitioners (GPs), CPs and parents of adolescents of extending vaccination competencies and to identify benefits and barriers of new vaccination pathways. Methods This cross-sectional research used a qualitative and quantitative approach. For the quantitative survey, GPs, CPs and parents of adolescents eligible to HPV vaccination completed an online questionnaire. Participants were asked to imagine themselves in different pathways and evaluate them. Results A total of 200 GPs, 201 CPs and 800 parents were included. The level of acceptability of extending vaccination competencies to other HCPs was high in CPs (86% rated ≥7/10), but low in GPs (35%) and intermediate in parents (61%). Parents ranked first (44%) a pathway where GPs prescribed while CPs vaccinated because GPs inspire confidence as vaccine prescribers (80%) and parents prefer to be informed on vaccination by them (80%). CPs ranked first (42%) a scenario where they vaccinated after invitation of adolescents from the French National Health Insurance Fund (NHIS). They emphasized the simplicity of this scenario (94%) and the potential increase of VCR (91%), but asked to be more informed on HPV vaccination (77%) and favored television (83%) for communication campaigns. Conclusions GPs and parents, in contrast with community pharmacists, were only moderately supportive of the extension the vaccination competencies. Confidence in the HCP remains the primary factor for adherence to a vaccination pathway beyond the simplicity of the pathway. Training of CPs, traceability tool, support from authorities and communication campaigns are levers that will support CPs in their new role and contribute to increase parents' acceptability toward CPs.
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14
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Xie H, Zhu HY, Jiang NJ, Yin YN. Awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines, acceptance to vaccination and its influence factors among parents of adolescents 9 to 18 years of age in China: A cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 71:73-78. [PMID: 37028228 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination uptake rates for adolescents are still low in China despite safe and effective human papillomavirus vaccines being available. The awareness and attitudes of parents to HPV vaccines play a decisive role in adolescents' HPV vaccination uptake. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from March, 2022 to May, 2022 using an anonymous questionnaire among parents of 9 to 18 years of age from 73 cities in 23 provinces in mainland China. Demographic characteristics of parents, their knowledge and attitudes about HPV and HPV vaccination, as well as factors influencing HPV vaccination in adolescents were assessed. RESULTS More than two-thirds of parents heard of HPV (75.5%) and HPV vaccines (84.7%). Of these participants, mothers (83.8%) were in the majority. Parents willing to vaccinate themselves and their children against HPV were 84.9% and 87.6%, respectively. Parents were more likely to vaccinate their daughters against HPV than their sons (P < 0.001). Parents who had heard of the HPV vaccines (P = 0.028) or had vaccinated themselves (P < 0.001) were more likely to have HPV vaccination for their children. Parents who accepted the price of the HPV vaccines (P = 0.005) were more likely to have their children vaccinated against HPV. CONCLUSIONS Children's gender, awareness of the HPV vaccines, parental HPV vaccination, and the price of the HPV vaccines are likely to be the reason for parents' vaccine hesitancy for adolescents. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses have a critical role in identifying parental hesitancy and providing individualized education to expand the parental awareness and knowledge and encourage on-time adolescents vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han-Yue Zhu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ni-Jie Jiang
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yin
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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15
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Cruz-Reyes N, Radisky DC. Inflammation, Infiltration, and Evasion-Tumor Promotion in the Aging Breast. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1836. [PMID: 36980723 PMCID: PMC10046531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in women, with over two million new cases reported worldwide each year, the majority of which occur in post-menopausal women. Despite advances in early detection and treatment, approximately one-third of patients diagnosed with breast cancer will develop metastatic disease. The pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer are influenced by a variety of biological and social risk factors, including age, ethnicity, pregnancy status, diet, and genomic alterations. Recent advancements in breast cancer research have focused on harnessing the power of the patient's adaptive and innate immune systems for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The breast immune microenvironment plays a critical role in regulating tissue homeostasis and resistance to tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore the dynamic changes in the breast immune microenvironment that occur with age, how these changes impact breast cancer development and progression, and how targeted therapeutic interventions that leverage the immune system can be used to improve patient outcomes. Our review emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex interplay between aging, the immune system, and breast cancer, and highlights the potential of immune-based therapies in the fight against this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek C. Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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16
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Hebsgaard M, Eriksen P, Ramberg I, von Buchwald C. Human Papillomavirus in Sinonasal Malignancies. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-023-00448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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17
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Liu YQ, Liu C, Bai Y, Gao J. LncRNA AATBC indicates development and facilitates cell growth and metastasis of cervical cancer as a sponge of miR-1245b-5p. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:115-123. [PMID: 36420764 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence and mortality rate, cervical cancer has been considered one of the most frequent malignant tumors in females. Exploration of tumor progression-related biomarkers could facilitate the identification of novel and targeted therapy strategies. To assess the significance of lncRNA AATBC (AATBC) and its potential regulatory mechanism in cervical cancer, and to identify a potential biomarker, this study enrolled 123 patients with cervical cancer. Paired tissue samples were collected. The expression levels of AATBC and miR-1245b-5p were analyzed by RT-qPCR and their significance in the development and prognosis of cervical cancer was evaluated using chi-square and Cox analyses. In vitro, the regulatory effect of AATBC on the cellular processes of cervical cancer was estimated by CCK8 and Transwell assay. The interaction between ATTBC and miR-1245b-5p was assessed by luciferase reporter assay. Significant upregulation of AATBC and reduced miR-1245b-5p level in cervical cancer were observed, which showed a negative correlation between their expression levels. Close relationships of AATBC and miR-1245b-5p with the FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis were revealed. AATBC showed a significant prognostic value and miR-1245b-5p was found to mediate the tumor inhibitory effect of AATBC knockdown, which is speculated to be the underlying molecular mechanism of AATBC in cervical cancer development. Upregulation of AATBC indicted the malignant development and adverse prognosis of cervical cancer. AATBC served as a tumor promoter of cervical cancer by modulating miR-1245b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qiao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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18
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Illah O, Olaitan A. Updates on HPV Vaccination. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020243. [PMID: 36673053 PMCID: PMC9857409 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer still poses a significant global challenge. Developed countries have mitigated this challenge by the introduction of structured screening programmes and, more recently, the HPV vaccine. Countries that have successfully introduced national HPV vaccination programmes are on course for cervical cancer elimination in a few decades. In developing countries that lack structured screening and HPV vaccination programmes, cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The HPV vaccine is key to addressing the disproportionate distribution of cervical cancer incidence, with much to be gained from increasing vaccine coverage and uptake globally. This review covers the history and science of the HPV vaccine, its efficacy, effectiveness and safety, and some of the considerations and challenges posed to the achievement of global HPV vaccination coverage and the consequent elimination of cervical cancer.
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19
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Zeng Y, Zou F, Xia N, Li S. In-depth review of delivery carriers associated with vaccine adjuvants: current status and future perspectives. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:681-695. [PMID: 37496496 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2238807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines are powerful tools for controlling microbial infections and preventing epidemics. To enhance the immune response to antigens, effective subunit vaccines or mRNA vaccines often require the combination of adjuvants or delivery carriers. In recent years, with the rapid development of immune mechanism research and nanotechnology, various studies based on the optimization of traditional adjuvants or various novel carriers have been intensified, and the construction of vaccine adjuvant delivery systems (VADS) with both adjuvant activity and antigen delivery has become more and more important in vaccine research. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews the common types of vaccine adjuvant delivery carriers, classifies the VADS according to their basic carrier types, introduces the current research status and future development trend, and emphasizes the important role of VADS in novel vaccine research. EXPERT OPINION As the number of vaccine types increases, conventional aluminum adjuvants show limitations in effectively stimulating cellular immune responses, limiting their use in therapeutic vaccines for intracellular infections or tumors. In contrast, the use of conventional adjuvants as VADS to carry immunostimulatory molecules or deliver antigens can greatly enhance the immune boosting effect of classical adjuvants. A comprehensive understanding of the various delivery vehicles will further facilitate the development of vaccine adjuvant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Feihong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- The Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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20
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Cervical Cancer: Early Detection and Prevention in Reproductive Age Group. Cureus 2022; 14:e31312. [PMID: 36514565 PMCID: PMC9735321 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the major illnesses faced by people over many generations. Despite the advancements made in medicine, there are still many problems faced by humankind. Every year a large number of people are diagnosed with cervical cancer. It is the most common type of cancerous condition prevalent among females, especially females over thirty years of age. Like any other cancer, cervical cancer also occurs because of the rapid uncontrolled division of the body cells. A primary reason for its development is the longstanding infection of certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). A screening test is done to confirm the presence of the virus in the cervix. Many screening tests are available today for accurate diagnosis or confirmation of the condition being suffered from. The main goal of screening is early detection and making certain lifestyle changes to deduce the potential harm of the disease and start the treatment as soon as possible. A thorough study of the already published articles by scholars, professors, and doctors is carried out to conclude the necessity of cervical cancer screening and early detection.
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21
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Contribution of T- and B-cell intrinsic toll-like receptors to the adaptive immune response in viral infectious diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:547. [PMID: 36224474 PMCID: PMC9555683 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise a class of highly conserved molecules that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and play a vital role in host defense against multiple viral infectious diseases. Although TLRs are highly expressed on innate immune cells and play indirect roles in regulating antiviral adaptive immune responses, intrinsic expression of TLRs in adaptive immune cells, including T cells and B cells, cannot be ignored. TLRs expressed in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells play roles in enhancing TCR signal-induced T-cell activation, proliferation, function, and survival, serving as costimulatory molecules. Gene knockout of TLR signaling molecules has been shown to diminish antiviral adaptive immune responses and affect viral clearance in multiple viral infectious animal models. These results have highlighted the critical role of TLRs in the long-term immunological control of viral infection. This review summarizes the expression and function of TLR signaling pathways in T and B cells, focusing on the in vitro and vivo mechanisms and effects of intrinsic TLR signaling in regulating T- and B-cell responses during viral infection. The potential clinical use of TLR-based immune regulatory drugs for viral infectious diseases is also explored.
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22
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Pathak P, Pajai S, Kesharwani H. A Review on the Use of the HPV Vaccine in the Prevention of Cervical Cancer. Cureus 2022; 14:e28710. [PMID: 36211088 PMCID: PMC9529156 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main risk factor for invasive cervical carcinoma is persistent infection by the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) and has been linked to 15 different cancers. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancers among women, particularly in resource-limited countries. Cervical cancer is an HPV disease with the highest worldwide burden in resource-limited nations. With improved medical care and nationwide screening programmes, the mortality rate from cervical cancer has decreased in the past 40 years. Many developing nations have been shown to have inadequate knowledge and health-seeking practices, making proper awareness and immunisation programmes necessary. The best strategy to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer is through the administration of HPV vaccines along with routine cervical screening. The HPV vaccine is crucial for public health. Vaccinations against all HPV subtypes, namely, bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent, are available. Financial issues are the main barrier to HPV vaccination. The framework for behavioural and social drivers of vaccination, which includes practical concerns, motivation, social processes, thoughts, and feelings, is widely used to uncover important aspects linked with HPV vaccination. The burden of cervical cancer due to HPV and the advantages of HPV vaccination are summarised in this review article.
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23
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Vaginal Microbial Environment Skews Macrophage Polarization and Contributes to Cervical Cancer Development. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:3525735. [PMID: 35983073 PMCID: PMC9381279 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3525735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common female reproductive system malignancy, cervical cancer (CC) disturbs numerous women's health. This study demonstrates the role of the vaginal microbial environment (Peptostreptococcus anaerobius) in cervical cancer. Functional assays, including cell proliferation assay, tube formation assay, and immunofluorescence staining, revealed the effect of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-treated macrophages on cell proliferation and the angiogenesis process. The tube formation assay disclosed the function of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-treated macrophages on angiogenesis. In vivo assays were also established to explore the impact of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-treated macrophages on tumor migration. The results revealed that Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-induced macrophages boosted cervical cancer migration and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Then, this study unveiled that Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-induced macrophage secreted VEGF to stimulate the angiogenesis in cervical cancer. As a whole, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-induced macrophage facilitates cervical cancer development through modulation of VEGF expression.
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24
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Fisher H, Chantler T, Mounier-Jack S, Audrey S. Human papillomavirus vaccine communication materials for young people in English-speaking countries: A content analysis. HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL 2022; 81:513-528. [PMID: 35910267 PMCID: PMC9326800 DOI: 10.1177/00178969221092135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To undertake a content analysis of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine communication materials available to young people. DESIGN Content analysis. SETTING Majority English-speaking countries. METHODS Between March and April 2020, a web engine was utilised to search for and retrieve relevant communication materials. Content analysis was used to describe how the following key issues were covered: (1) side effects, (2) safety, (3) practicalities related to receiving the HPV vaccine and (4) gender-specific information. RESULTS A total of 44 separate communication materials were retrieved, predominantly videos, webpages and leaflets. There was a focus on mild side effects of the vaccine (43.2%), with less frequent reference being made to moderate or serious side effects (22.7%). Reassurance concerning the safety profile of vaccine was communicated by referencing the widespread use of the HPV vaccine (31.8%). Information regarding formal criteria for entry into the vaccination programme emphasised country-specific eligibility criteria (59.1%), the setting in which vaccination was offered (38.6%) and the number of doses required (38.6%). Content intended to improve young people's experiences of receiving the HPV vaccine was less often provided (22.7%). Gender-specific content usually related to specific HPV-related diseases (52.3%) and/or the availability of cervical cancer screening programmes (52.3%). CONCLUSION A variety of different communication tools were retrieved encompassing a wide variety of formats and content, reflective of different vaccination programmes and the varied priorities of organisations producing the materials. Findings will inform the co-production of a tailored educational package to improve access to information by populations of young people identified as having lower HPV vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Fisher
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tracey Chantler
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Vaccinations and Immunisation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sandra Mounier-Jack
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Vaccinations and Immunisation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Suzanne Audrey
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Kunstek H, Vreken F, Keita A, Hamblin MR, Dumarçay F, Varbanov M. Aspects of Antiviral Strategies Based on Different Phototherapy Approaches: Hit by the Light. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:858. [PMID: 35890156 PMCID: PMC9316526 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused the COVID-19 pandemic spreading around the world from late 2019, served as a ruthless reminder of the threat viruses pose to global public health. The synthesis of new antiviral drugs, as well as repurposing existing products, is a long-term ongoing process which has challenged the scientific community. One solution could be an effective, accessible, and rapidly available antiviral treatment based on phototherapy (PT). PT has been used to treat several diseases, and relies on the absorption of light by endogenous molecules or exogenous photosensitizers (PS). PT has often been used in cancer treatment and prophylaxis, and as a complement to established chemotherapy and immunotherapy in combined therapeutic strategy. Besides significant applications in anticancer treatment, studies have demonstrated the beneficial impact of PT on respiratory, systemic, emerging, and oncogenic viral infections. The aim of this review was to highlight the potential of PT to combat viral infections by summarizing current progress in photodynamic, photothermal, and photoacoustic approaches. Attention is drawn to the virucidal effect of PT on systemic viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus and human herpes viruses, including the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma, human herpes virus (HHV8). PT has good potential for disinfection in anti-norovirus research and against pandemic viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kunstek
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 54000 Nancy, France; (H.K.); (F.V.); (A.K.); (F.D.)
- Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Fanny Vreken
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 54000 Nancy, France; (H.K.); (F.V.); (A.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Aminata Keita
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 54000 Nancy, France; (H.K.); (F.V.); (A.K.); (F.D.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;
| | - Florence Dumarçay
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 54000 Nancy, France; (H.K.); (F.V.); (A.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Mihayl Varbanov
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 54000 Nancy, France; (H.K.); (F.V.); (A.K.); (F.D.)
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centres Hospitaliers Régionaux Universitaires (CHRU) de Nancy Brabois, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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