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Hawley DM, Pérez-Umphrey AA, Adelman JS, Fleming-Davies AE, Garrett-Larsen J, Geary SJ, Childs LM, Langwig KE. Prior exposure to pathogens augments host heterogeneity in susceptibility and has key epidemiological consequences. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012092. [PMID: 39231171 PMCID: PMC11404847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogen epidemics are key threats to human and wildlife health. Across systems, host protection from pathogens following initial exposure is often incomplete, resulting in recurrent epidemics through partially-immune hosts. Variation in population-level protection has important consequences for epidemic dynamics, but how acquired protection influences inter-individual heterogeneity in susceptibility and its epidemiological consequences remains understudied. We experimentally investigated whether prior exposure (none, low-dose, or high-dose) to a bacterial pathogen alters host heterogeneity in susceptibility among songbirds. Hosts with no prior pathogen exposure had little variation in protection, but heterogeneity in susceptibility was significantly augmented by prior pathogen exposure, with the highest variability detected in hosts given high-dose prior exposure. An epidemiological model parameterized with experimental data found that heterogeneity in susceptibility from prior exposure more than halved epidemic sizes compared with a homogeneous population with identical mean protection. However, because infection-induced mortality was also greatly reduced in hosts with prior pathogen exposure, reductions in epidemic size were smaller than expected in hosts with prior exposure. These results highlight the importance of variable protection from prior exposure and/or vaccination in driving population-level heterogeneity and epidemiological dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Hawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virgina, United States of America
| | - Anna A Pérez-Umphrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virgina, United States of America
| | - James S Adelman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | | | - Jesse Garrett-Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virgina, United States of America
| | - Steven J Geary
- Department of Pathobiology & Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lauren M Childs
- Department of Mathematics and Virginia Tech Center for the Mathematics of Biosystems, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kate E Langwig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virgina, United States of America
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Hawley DM, Pérez-Umphrey AA, Adelman JS, Fleming-Davies AE, Garrett-Larsen J, Geary SJ, Childs LM, Langwig KE. Prior exposure to pathogens augments host heterogeneity in susceptibility and has key epidemiological consequences. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583455. [PMID: 38496428 PMCID: PMC10942282 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Pathogen epidemics are key threats to human and wildlife health. Across systems, host protection from pathogens following initial exposure is often incomplete, resulting in recurrent epidemics through partially-immune hosts. Variation in population-level protection has important consequences for epidemic dynamics, but how acquired protection influences inter-individual heterogeneity in susceptibility and its epidemiological consequences remains understudied. We experimentally investigated whether prior exposure (none, low-dose, or high-dose) to a bacterial pathogen alters host heterogeneity in susceptibility among songbirds. Hosts with no prior pathogen exposure had little variation in protection, but heterogeneity in susceptibility was significantly augmented by prior pathogen exposure, with the highest variability detected in hosts given high-dose prior exposure. An epidemiological model parameterized with experimental data found that heterogeneity in susceptibility from prior exposure more than halved epidemic sizes compared with a homogeneous population with identical mean protection. However, because infection-induced mortality was also greatly reduced in hosts with prior pathogen exposure, reductions in epidemic size were smaller than expected in hosts with prior exposure. These results highlight the importance of variable protection from prior exposure and/or vaccination in driving population-level heterogeneity and epidemiological dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Hawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - James S Adelman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Steven J Geary
- Department of Pathobiology & Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Lauren M Childs
- Department of Mathematics and Virginia Tech Center for Mathematics of Biosystems, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kate E Langwig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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3
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Pérez-Umphrey AA, Settlecowski AE, Elbers JP, Williams ST, Jonsson CB, Bonisoli-Alquati A, Snider AM, Taylor SS. Genetic variants associated with hantavirus infection in a reservoir host are related to regulation of inflammation and immune surveillance. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 116:105525. [PMID: 37956745 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The immunogenetics of wildlife populations influence the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamic of the host-pathogen system. Profiling immune gene diversity present in wildlife may be especially important for those species that, while not at risk of disease or extinction themselves, are host to diseases that are a threat to humans, other wildlife, or livestock. Hantaviruses (genus: Orthohantavirus) are globally distributed zoonotic RNA viruses with pathogenic strains carried by a diverse group of rodent hosts. The marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) is the reservoir host of Orthohantavirus bayoui, a hantavirus that causes fatal cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in humans. We performed a genome wide association study (GWAS) using the rice rat "immunome" (i.e., all exons related to the immune response) to identify genetic variants associated with infection status in wild-caught rice rats naturally infected with their endemic strain of hantavirus. First, we created an annotated reference genome using 10× Chromium Linked Reads sequencing technology. This reference genome was used to create custom baits which were then used to target enrich prepared rice rat libraries (n = 128) and isolate their immunomes prior to sequencing. Top SNPs in the association test were present in four genes (Socs5, Eprs, Mrc1, and Il1f8) which have not been previously implicated in hantavirus infections. However, these genes correspond with other loci or pathways with established importance in hantavirus susceptibility or infection tolerance in reservoir hosts: the JAK/STAT, MHC, and NFκB. These results serve as informative markers for future exploration and highlight the importance of immune pathways that repeatedly emerge across hantavirus systems. Our work aids in creating cross-species comparisons for better understanding mechanisms of genetic susceptibility and host-pathogen coevolution in hantavirus systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Pérez-Umphrey
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Amie E Settlecowski
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Jean P Elbers
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Tyler Williams
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, University of Tennessee, 858 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Allison M Snider
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sabrina S Taylor
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Vaheri A, Smura T, Vauhkonen H, Hepojoki J, Sironen T, Strandin T, Tietäväinen J, Outinen T, Mäkelä S, Pörsti I, Mustonen J. Puumala Hantavirus Infections Show Extensive Variation in Clinical Outcome. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030805. [PMID: 36992513 PMCID: PMC10054505 DOI: 10.3390/v15030805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) infection shows extensive variation, ranging from inapparent subclinical infection (70-80%) to severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), with about 0.1% of cases being fatal. Most hospitalized patients experience acute kidney injury (AKI), histologically known as acute hemorrhagic tubulointerstitial nephritis. Why this variation? There is no evidence that there would be more virulent and less virulent variants infecting humans, although this has not been extensively studied. Individuals with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles B*08 and DRB1*0301 are likely to have a severe form of the PUUV infection, and those with B*27 are likely to have a benign clinical course. Other genetic factors, related to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene and the C4A component of the complement system, may be involved. Various autoimmune phenomena and Epstein-Barr virus infection are associated with PUUV infection, but hantavirus-neutralizing antibodies are not associated with lower disease severity in PUUV HFRS. Wide individual differences occur in ocular and central nervous system (CNS) manifestations and in the long-term consequences of nephropathia epidemica (NE). Numerous biomarkers have been detected, and some are clinically used to assess and predict the severity of PUUV infection. A new addition is the plasma glucose concentration associated with the severity of both capillary leakage, thrombocytopenia, inflammation, and AKI in PUUV infection. Our question, "Why this variation?" remains largely unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Smura
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Vauhkonen
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Tietäväinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuula Outinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilkka Pörsti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Serum Cytokine Alterations Associated with Age of Patients with Nephropathia Epidemica. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4685288. [PMID: 35059462 PMCID: PMC8766188 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4685288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nephropathia epidemica (NE) is a zoonotic disease caused by hantaviruses transmitted from rodents, endemic in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The disease presents clinically with mild, moderate, and severe forms, and time-dependent febrile, oliguric, and polyuric stages of the disease are also recognized. The patient's cytokine responses have been suggested to play a central role in disease pathogenesis; however, little is known about the different patterns of cytokine expression in NE in cohorts of different ages and sexes. Serum samples and clinical records were collected from 139 patients and 57 controls (healthy donors) and were used to analyze 48 analytes with the Bio-Plex multiplex magnetic bead-based antibody detection kits. Principal component analysis of 137 patient and 55 controls (for which there was full data) identified two components that individually accounted for >15% of the total variance in results and together for 38% of the total variance. PC1 represented a proinflammatory TH17/TH2 cell antiviral cytokine profile and PC2 a more antiviral cytokine profile with patients tending to display one or the other of these. Severity of disease and stage of illness did not show any correlation with PC1 profiles; however, significant differences were seen in patients with high PC1 profiles vs. lower for a number of individual clinical parameters: High PC1 patients showed a reduced number of febrile days, but higher maximum urine output, higher creatinine levels, and lower platelet levels. Overall, the results of this study point towards a stronger proinflammatory profile occurring in younger NE patients, this being associated with markers of acute kidney injury and low levels of high-density cholesterol. This is consistent with previous work indicating that the pathology of NE is immune driven, with an inflammatory immune response being associated with disease and that this immune response is more extreme in younger patients.
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Koehler FC, Di Cristanziano V, Späth MR, Hoyer-Allo KJR, Wanken M, Müller RU, Burst V. OUP accepted manuscript. Clin Kidney J 2022; 15:1231-1252. [PMID: 35756741 PMCID: PMC9217627 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus-induced diseases are emerging zoonoses with endemic appearances and frequent outbreaks in different parts of the world. In humans, hantaviral pathology is characterized by the disruption of the endothelial cell barrier followed by increased capillary permeability, thrombocytopenia due to platelet activation/depletion and an overactive immune response. Genetic vulnerability due to certain human leukocyte antigen haplotypes is associated with disease severity. Typically, two different hantavirus-caused clinical syndromes have been reported: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The primarily affected vascular beds differ in these two entities: renal medullary capillaries in HFRS caused by Old World hantaviruses and pulmonary capillaries in HCPS caused by New World hantaviruses. Disease severity in HFRS ranges from mild, e.g. Puumala virus-associated nephropathia epidemica, to moderate, e.g. Hantaan or Dobrava virus infections. HCPS leads to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with high mortality rates. Due to novel insights into organ tropism, hantavirus-associated pathophysiology and overlapping clinical features, HFRS and HCPS are believed to be interconnected syndromes frequently involving the kidneys. As there are no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines approved in Europe or the USA, only preventive measures and public awareness may minimize the risk of hantavirus infection. Treatment remains primarily supportive and, depending on disease severity, more invasive measures (e.g., renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix C Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Johanna R Hoyer-Allo
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Wanken
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Saxenhofer M, Labutin A, White TA, Heckel G. Host genetic factors associated with the range limit of a European hantavirus. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:252-265. [PMID: 34614264 PMCID: PMC9298007 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The natural host ranges of many viruses are restricted to very specific taxa. Little is known about the molecular barriers between species that lead to the establishment of this restriction or generally prevent virus emergence in new hosts. Here, we identify genomic polymorphisms in a natural rodent host associated with a strong genetic barrier to the transmission of European Tula orthohantavirus (TULV). We analysed the very abrupt spatial transition between two major phylogenetic clades in TULV across the comparatively much wider natural hybrid zone between evolutionary lineages of their reservoir host, the common vole (Microtus arvalis). Genomic scans of 79,225 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 323 TULV‐infected host individuals detected 30 SNPs that were consistently associated with the TULV clades CEN.S or EST.S in two replicate sampling transects. Focusing the analysis on 199 voles with evidence of genomic admixture at the individual level (0.1–0.9) supported statistical significance for all 30 loci. Host genomic variation at these SNPs explained up to 37.6% of clade‐specific TULV infections. Genes in the vicinity of associated SNPs include SAHH, ITCH and two members of the Syngr gene family, which are involved in functions related to immune response or membrane transport. This study demonstrates the relevance of natural hybrid zones as systems not only for studying processes of evolutionary divergence and speciation, but also for the detection of evolving genetic barriers for specialized parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Saxenhofer
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - Bâtiment Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anton Labutin
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A White
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gerald Heckel
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - Bâtiment Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
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McManus A, Holland CV, Henttonen H, Stuart P. The Invasive Bank Vole ( Myodes glareolus): A Model System for Studying Parasites and Ecoimmunology during a Biological Invasion. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2529. [PMID: 34573495 PMCID: PMC8464959 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary driver of the observed increase in emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) has been identified as human interaction with wildlife and this increase has emphasized knowledge gaps in wildlife pathogens dynamics. Wild rodent models have proven excellent for studying changes in parasite communities and have been a particular focus of eco-immunological research. Helminth species have been shown to be one of the factors regulating rodent abundance and indirectly affect disease burden through trade-offs between immune pathways. The Myodes glareolus invasion in Ireland is a unique model system to explore the invasion dynamics of helminth species. Studies of the invasive population of M. glareolus in Ireland have revealed a verifiable introduction point and its steady spread. Helminths studies of this invasion have identified enemy release, spillover, spillback and dilution taking place. Longitudinal studies have the potential to demonstrate the interplay between helminth parasite dynamics and both immune adaptation and coinfecting microparasites as M. glareolus become established across Ireland. Using the M. glareolus invasion as a model system and other similar wildlife systems, we can begin to fill the large gap in our knowledge surrounding the area of wildlife pathogen dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McManus
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Munster Technological University, Clash, V92 CX88 Tralee, Ireland;
| | - Celia V. Holland
- Department of Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, College Green, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Heikki Henttonen
- Wildlife Ecology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI 00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Peter Stuart
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Munster Technological University, Clash, V92 CX88 Tralee, Ireland;
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Hägele S, Nusshag C, Müller A, Baumann A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Cells of the human respiratory tract support the replication of pathogenic Old World orthohantavirus Puumala. Virol J 2021; 18:169. [PMID: 34404450 PMCID: PMC8369447 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmission of all known pathogenic orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) usually occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with viral particles derived from infected rodents and organ manifestation of infections is characterized by lung and kidney involvement. Orthohantaviruses found in Eurasia cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). However, cases of infection with Old World orthohantaviruses with severe pulmonary manifestations have also been observed. Therefore, human airway cells may represent initial targets for orthohantavirus infection and may also play a role in the pathogenesis of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. METHODS We analyzed the permissiveness of primary endothelial cells of the human pulmonary microvasculature and of primary human epithelial cells derived from bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli for Old World orthohantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) in vitro. In addition, we examined the expression of orthohantaviral receptors in these cell types. To minimize donor-specific effects, cells from two different donors were tested for each cell type. RESULTS Productive infection with PUUV was observed for endothelial cells of the microvasculature and for the three tested epithelial cell types derived from different sites of the respiratory tract. Interestingly, infection and particle release were also detected in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells although expression of the orthohantaviral receptor integrin β3 was not detectable in these cell types. In addition, replication kinetics and viral release demonstrate enormous donor-specific variations. CONCLUSIONS The human respiratory epithelium is among the first targets of orthohantaviral infection and may contribute to virus replication, dissemination and pathogenesis of HFRS-causing orthohantaviruses. Differences in initial pulmonary infection due to donor-specific factors may play a role in the observed broad variance of severity and symptoms of orthohantavirus disease in patients. The absence of detectable levels of integrin αVβ3 surface expression on bronchial and small airway epithelial cells indicates an alternate mode of orthohantaviral entry in these cells that is independent from integrin β3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hägele
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Baumann
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Vaheri A, Henttonen H, Mustonen J. Hantavirus Research in Finland: Highlights and Perspectives. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081452. [PMID: 34452318 PMCID: PMC8402838 DOI: 10.3390/v13081452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Finland has the highest incidence of hantavirus infections globally, with a significant impact on public health. The large coverage of boreal forests and the cyclic dynamics of the dominant forest rodent species, the bank vole Myodes glareolus, explain most of this. We review the relationships between Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), its host rodent, and the hantavirus disease, nephropathia epidemica (NE), in Finland. We describe the history of NE and its diagnostic research in Finland, the seasonal and multiannual cyclic dynamics of PUUV in bank voles impacting human epidemiology, and we compare our northern epidemiological patterns with those in temperate Europe. The long survival of PUUV outside the host and the life-long shedding of PUUV by the bank voles are highlighted. In humans, the infection has unique features in pathobiology but rarely long-term consequences. NE is affected by specific host genetics and risk behavior (smoking), and certain biomarkers can predict the outcome. Unlike many other hantaviruses, PUUV causes a relatively mild disease and is rarely fatal. Reinfections do not exist. Antiviral therapy is complicated by the fact that when symptoms appear, the patient already has a generalized infection. Blocking vascular leakage measures counteracting pathobiology, offer a real therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-505552884
| | - Heikki Henttonen
- Wildlife Ecology, Natural Resources Institute Finland, 00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland;
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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11
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Monocyte subset redistribution from blood to kidneys in patients with Puumala virus caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009400. [PMID: 33690725 PMCID: PMC7984619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells like monocytes patrol the vasculature and mucosal surfaces, recognize pathogens, rapidly redistribute to affected tissues and cause inflammation by secretion of cytokines. We previously showed that monocytes are reduced in blood but accumulate in the airways of patients with Puumala virus (PUUV) caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). However, the dynamics of monocyte infiltration to the kidneys during HFRS, and its impact on disease severity are currently unknown. Here, we examined longitudinal peripheral blood samples and renal biopsies from HFRS patients and performed in vitro experiments to investigate the fate of monocytes during HFRS. During the early stages of HFRS, circulating CD14-CD16+ nonclassical monocytes (NCMs) that patrol the vasculature were reduced in most patients. Instead, CD14+CD16- classical (CMs) and CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocytes (IMs) were increased in blood, in particular in HFRS patients with more severe disease. Blood monocytes from patients with acute HFRS expressed higher levels of HLA-DR, the endothelial adhesion marker CD62L and the chemokine receptors CCR7 and CCR2, as compared to convalescence, suggesting monocyte activation and migration to peripheral tissues during acute HFRS. Supporting this hypothesis, increased numbers of HLA-DR+, CD14+, CD16+ and CD68+ cells were observed in the renal tissues of acute HFRS patients compared to controls. In vitro, blood CD16+ monocytes upregulated CD62L after direct exposure to PUUV whereas CD16- monocytes upregulated CCR7 after contact with PUUV-infected endothelial cells, suggesting differential mechanisms of activation and response between monocyte subsets. Together, our findings suggest that NCMs are reduced in blood, potentially via CD62L-mediated attachment to endothelial cells and monocytes are recruited to the kidneys during HFRS. Monocyte mobilization, activation and functional impairment together may influence the severity of disease in acute PUUV-HFRS.
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12
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Kabwe E, Davidyuk Y, Shamsutdinov A, Garanina E, Martynova E, Kitaeva K, Malisheni M, Isaeva G, Savitskaya T, Urbanowicz RA, Morzunov S, Katongo C, Rizvanov A, Khaiboullina S. Orthohantaviruses, Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens. Pathogens 2020; 9:E775. [PMID: 32971887 PMCID: PMC7558059 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses give rise to the emerging infections such as of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in Eurasia and the Americas, respectively. In this review we will provide a comprehensive analysis of orthohantaviruses distribution and circulation in Eurasia and address the genetic diversity and evolution of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), which causes HFRS in this region. Current data indicate that the geographical location and migration of the natural hosts can lead to the orthohantaviruses genetic diversity as the rodents adapt to the new environmental conditions. The data shows that a high level of diversity characterizes the genome of orthohantaviruses, and the PUUV genome is the most divergent. The reasons for the high genome diversity are mainly caused by point mutations and reassortment, which occur in the genome segments. However, it still remains unclear whether this diversity is linked to the disease's severity. We anticipate that the information provided in this review will be useful for optimizing and developing preventive strategies of HFRS, an emerging zoonosis with potentially very high mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Anton Shamsutdinov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Kristina Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Guzel Isaeva
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatiana Savitskaya
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Richard A. Urbanowicz
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sergey Morzunov
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Cyprian Katongo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
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13
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Murri S, Madrières S, Tatard C, Piry S, Benoit L, Loiseau A, Pradel J, Artige E, Audiot P, Leménager N, Lacôte S, Vulin J, Charbonnel N, Marianneau P, Castel G. Detection and Genetic Characterization of Puumala Orthohantavirus S-Segment in Areas of France Non-Endemic for Nephropathia Epidemica. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090721. [PMID: 32882953 PMCID: PMC7559001 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) in Europe causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The incidence of NE is highly heterogeneous spatially, whereas the geographic distribution of the wild reservoir of PUUV, the bank vole, is essentially homogeneous. Our understanding of the processes driving this heterogeneity remains incomplete due to gaps in knowledge. Little is known about the current distribution and genetic variation of PUUV in the areas outside the well-identified zones of NE endemicity. We trapped bank voles in four forests in French regions in which NE is considered non-endemic, but sporadic NE cases have been reported recently. We tested bank voles for anti-PUUV IgG and characterized the S segment sequences of PUUV from seropositive animals. Phylogenetic analyses revealed specific amino-acid signatures and genetic differences between PUUV circulating in non-endemic and nearby NE-endemic areas. We also showed, in temporal surveys, that the amino-acid sequences of PUUV had undergone fewer recent changes in areas non-endemic for NE than in endemic areas. The evolutionary history of the current French PUUV clusters was investigated by phylogeographic approaches, and the results were considered in the context of the history of French forests. Our findings highlight the need to monitor the circulation and genetics of PUUV in a larger array of bank vole populations, to improve our understanding of the risk of NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Murri
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Sarah Madrières
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Caroline Tatard
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Sylvain Piry
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Laure Benoit
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Anne Loiseau
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Julien Pradel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Emmanuelle Artige
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Philippe Audiot
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Leménager
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Sandra Lacôte
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Johann Vulin
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Philippe Marianneau
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Guillaume Castel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jiangxi province, China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14291. [PMID: 32868784 PMCID: PMC7458912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, Jiangxi province has had the largest HFRS burden in China. However, thus far, the comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal distributions of HFRS is limited in Jiangxi. In this study, seasonal decomposition analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and space–time scan statistic analyses were performed to detect the spatiotemporal dynamics distribution of HFRS cases from 2005 to 2018 in Jiangxi at the county scale. The epidemic of HFRS showed the characteristic of bi-peak seasonality, the primary peak in winter (November to January) and the second peak in early summer (May to June), and the amplitude and the magnitude of HFRS outbreaks have been increasing. The results of global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the HFRS epidemic exhibited the characteristic of highly spatially heterogeneous, and Anyi, Fengxin, Yifeng, Shanggao, Jing’an and Gao’an county were hot spots areas. A most likely cluster, and two secondary likely clusters were detected in 14-years duration. The higher risk areas of the HFRS outbreak were mainly located in Jiangxi northern hilly state, spreading to Wuyi mountain hilly state as time advanced. This study provided valuable information for local public health authorities to design and implement effective measures for the control and prevention of HFRS.
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15
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Prasad N, Novak JE, Patel MR. Kidney Diseases Associated With Parvovirus B19, Hanta, Ebola, and Dengue Virus Infection: A Brief Review. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2019; 26:207-219. [PMID: 31202393 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection-associated kidney diseases are an emerging public health issue in both developing and developed countries. Many new viruses have emerged with new paradigms of kidney injury, either directly through their cytopathic effect or indirectly through immune-mediated glomerulopathy, tubulointerstitial disease, and acute kidney injury as part of multiorgan failure. Herein, we will discuss Parvovirus, which causes glomerulopathy, and Hanta, Ebola, and Dengue viruses, which cause viral hemorrhagic fever and acute kidney injury. Clinical manifestations also depend on extrarenal organ systems involved. Diagnosis of these viral infections is mainly based on a high index of suspicion, serologic testing, and isolation of viral DNA/RNA. Management is largely conservative, as specific antiviral agents are unavailable.
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16
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Rohfritsch A, Galan M, Gautier M, Gharbi K, Olsson G, Gschloessl B, Zeimes C, VanWambeke S, Vitalis R, Charbonnel N. Preliminary insights into the genetics of bank vole tolerance to Puumala hantavirus in Sweden. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:11273-11292. [PMID: 30519443 PMCID: PMC6262921 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens generally seem to be capable of tolerating infections. Tolerance and its underlying mechanisms remain difficult to assess using experiments or wildlife surveys. High-throughput sequencing technologies give the opportunity to investigate the genetic bases of tolerance, and the variability of its mechanisms in natural populations. In particular, population genomics may provide preliminary insights into the genes shaping tolerance and potentially influencing epidemiological dynamics. Here, we addressed these questions in the bank vole Myodes glareolus, the specific asymptomatic reservoir host of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), which causes nephropathia epidemica (NE) in humans. Despite the continuous spatial distribution of M. glareolus in Sweden, NE is endemic to the northern part of the country. Northern bank vole populations in Sweden might exhibit tolerance strategies as a result of coadaptation with PUUV. This may favor the circulation and maintenance of PUUV and lead to high spatial risk of NE in northern Sweden. We performed a genome-scan study to detect signatures of selection potentially correlated with spatial variations in tolerance to PUUV. We analyzed six bank vole populations from Sweden, sampled from northern NE-endemic to southern NE-free areas. We combined candidate gene analyses (Tlr4, Tlr7, and Mx2 genes) and high-throughput sequencing of restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) markers. Outlier loci showed high levels of genetic differentiation and significant associations with environmental data including variations in the regional number of NE human cases. Among the 108 outliers that matched to mouse protein-coding genes, 14 corresponded to immune-related genes. The main biological pathways found to be significantly enriched corresponded to immune processes and responses to hantavirus, including the regulation of cytokine productions, TLR cascades, and IL-7, VEGF, and JAK-STAT signaling. In the future, genome-scan replicates and functional experimentations should enable to assess the role of these biological pathways in M. glareolus tolerance to PUUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Rohfritsch
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Maxime Galan
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Mathieu Gautier
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Karim Gharbi
- Norwich Research ParkEarlham InstituteNorwich, NorfolkUK
| | - Gert Olsson
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSLUUmeåSweden
| | - Bernhard Gschloessl
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Caroline Zeimes
- Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life InstituteUniversité Catholique de Louvain (UCL)Louvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Sophie VanWambeke
- Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life InstituteUniversité Catholique de Louvain (UCL)Louvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Renaud Vitalis
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgroUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
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17
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Xiao H, Tong X, Gao L, Hu S, Tan H, Huang ZYX, Zhang G, Yang Q, Li X, Huang R, Tong S, Tian H. Spatial heterogeneity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is driven by environmental factors and rodent community composition. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006881. [PMID: 30356291 PMCID: PMC6218101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused mainly by two hantaviruses in China: Hantaan virus and Seoul virus. Environmental factors can significantly affect the risk of contracting hantavirus infections, primarily through their effects on rodent population dynamics and human-rodent contact. We aimed to clarify the environmental risk factors favoring rodent-to-human transmission to provide scientific evidence for developing effective HFRS prevention and control strategies. The 10-year (2006-2015) field surveillance data from the rodent hosts for hantavirus, the epidemiological and environmental data extracted from satellite images and meteorological stations, rodent-to-human transmission rates and impacts of the environment on rodent community composition were used to quantify the relationships among environmental factors, rodent species and HFRS occurrence. The study included 709 cases of HFRS. Rodent species in Chenzhou, a hantavirus hotspot, comprise mainly Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, R. flavipectus and some other species (R. losea and Microtus fortis calamorum). The rodent species played different roles across the various land types we examined, but all of them were associated with transmission risks. Some species were associated with HFRS occurrence risk in forest and water bodies. R. norvegicus and R. flavipectus were associated with risk of HFRS incidence in grassland, whereas M. musculus and R. flavipectus were associated with this risk in built-on land. The rodent community composition was also associated with environmental variability. The predictive risk models based on these significant factors were validated by a good-fit model, where: cultivated land was predicted to represent the highest risk for HFRS incidence, which accords with the statistics for HFRS cases in 2014-2015. The spatial heterogeneity of HFRS disease may be influenced by rodent community composition, which is associated with local environmental conditions. Therefore, future work should focus on preventing HFRS is moist, warm environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Tong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shixiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hua Tan
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zheng Y. X. Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration, National Bird Banding Center of China, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health and Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Huaiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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18
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Migalska M, Sebastian A, Radwan J. Profiling of the TCRβ repertoire in non-model species using high-throughput sequencing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11613. [PMID: 30072736 PMCID: PMC6072738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immune repertoire profiling with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has advanced our understanding of adaptive immunity. However, fast progress in the field applied mostly to human and mouse research, with only few studies devoted to other model vertebrates. We present the first in-depth characterization of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in a non-model mammal (bank vole, Myodes glareolus), widely used in ecological and evolutionary research. We used RNA from spleens, 5′RACE and HTS to describe V and J segments of TCRβ, qualitatively characterize preferential V–J segment usage and CDR3 length distribution. Overall orthology to murine genes was preserved, with 11 J and 37 V genes found in voles (although 3 V genes lacked a close orthologue). Further, we implemented unique molecular identifiers for quantitative analysis of CDR3 repertoire with stringent error correction. A conservative, lower bound estimation of the TCRβ repertoire was similar to that found for mice (1.7–2.3 × 105 clonotypes). We hope that by providing an easy-to-follow molecular protocol and on-line bioinformatics tools that do not require reference sequences (AmpliTCR and AmpliCDR3), we will encourage HTS immune repertoire profiling in other non-model vertebrates, thus opening new research avenues in e.g. comparative immunology, ecology and evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Migalska
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Alvaro Sebastian
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.,Instituto Aragonés de Empleo (INAEM), c/Royo Villanova 1, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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19
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Monchatre-Leroy E, Murri S, Castel G, Calavas D, Boué F, Hénaux V, Marianneau P. First insights into Puumala orthohantavirus circulation in a rodent population in Alsace, France. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:540-551. [PMID: 29577655 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In-depth knowledge on the mechanisms that maintain infection by a zoonotic pathogen in an animal reservoir is the key to predicting and preventing transmission to humans. The Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), the most prevalent orthohantavirus in Western Europe, causes a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. In France, this endemic illness affects the north-eastern part of the country. We conducted a 4-year capture-mark-recapture study in a bank vole population, combined with molecular analyses, to explore the epidemiological situation of PUUV in Alsace, a French region where human cases have occurred, but for which no studies have been conducted on this reservoir host. PUUV-infected bank voles were detected in the 2 years that showed high bank vole density with a prevalence of 4%. The individual PUUV sequences identified in this study were similar from year to year and similar to other French sequences. On a very small spatial scale, the distribution of seropositive bank voles was very heterogeneous in time and space. The short distances travelled on average by bank voles resulted in spatial clusters of seropositive rodents, which spread only very gradually throughout the year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Murri
- Laboratoire de Lyon, ANSES, Unité de virologie, Lyon, France
| | - G Castel
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - D Calavas
- Laboratoire de Lyon, ANSES, Unité d'épidémiologie, Lyon, France
| | - F Boué
- Laboratoire de la rage et de la Faune Sauvage, ANSES, Nancy, France
| | - V Hénaux
- Laboratoire de Lyon, ANSES, Unité d'épidémiologie, Lyon, France
| | - P Marianneau
- Laboratoire de Lyon, ANSES, Unité de virologie, Lyon, France
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20
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Ying Q, Ma T, Cheng L, Zhang X, Truax AD, Ma R, Liu Z, Lei Y, Zhang L, Ye W, Zhang F, Xu Z, Shang L, Liu R, Wang F, Wu X. Construction and immunological characterization of CD40L or GM-CSF incorporated Hantaan virus like particle. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63488-63503. [PMID: 27542281 PMCID: PMC5325379 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of Hantaan virus (HTNV) usually causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). China has the worst epidemic incidence of HFRS as well as high fatality. Inactivated whole virus has been used for HFRS vaccination, however there are still problems such as safety concerns. CD40 ligand (CD40L) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are well-known immune stimulating molecules that can enhance antigen presenting, lymphocytes activation and maturation, incorporation of CD40L and GM-CSF to the surface of virus like particles (VLPs) can greatly improve the vaccination effect. We constructed eukaryotic vectors expressing HTNV M segment and S segment, as well as vectors expressing HTNV M segment with CD40L or GM-CSF, our results showed successful production of CD40L or GM-CSF incorporated HTNV VLPs. In vitro stimulation with CD40L or GM-CSF anchored HTNV VLP showed enhanced activation of macrophages and DCs. CD40L/GM-CSF incorporated VLP can induce higher level of HTNV specific antibody and neutralizing antibody in mice. Immunized mice splenocytes showed higher ability of secreting IFN-γ and IL-2, as well as enhancing CTL activity. These results suggest CD40L/GM-CSF incorporated VLP can serve as prospective vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikang Ying
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tiejun Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Agnieszka D Truax
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA
| | - Ruixue Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhikai Xu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xingan Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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21
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Prescott J, Falzarano D, de Wit E, Hardcastle K, Feldmann F, Haddock E, Scott D, Feldmann H, Munster VJ. Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques. Front Immunol 2018; 9:205. [PMID: 29483914 PMCID: PMC5816332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Prescott
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Darryl Falzarano
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Emmie de Wit
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Kath Hardcastle
- Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Friederike Feldmann
- Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Elaine Haddock
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Dana Scott
- Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Heinz Feldmann
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Vincent Jacobus Munster
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
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22
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Sironen T, Sane J, Lokki ML, Meri S, Andersson LC, Hautala T, Kauma H, Vuorinen S, Rasmuson J, Evander M, Ahlm C, Vaheri A. Fatal Puumala Hantavirus Disease: Involvement of Complement Activation and Vascular Leakage in the Pathobiology. Open Forum Infect Dis 2017; 4:ofx229. [PMID: 29255728 PMCID: PMC5726462 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The case-fatality rate of hantavirus disease depends strongly on the causative hantavirus, ranging from 0.1% to 40%. However, the pathogenesis is not fully understood, and at present no licensed therapies exist. We describe fatal cases caused by Puumala hantavirus indicating involvement of complement activation and vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jussi Sane
- Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Seppo Meri
- Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Timo Hautala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Kauma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Johan Rasmuson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Magnus Evander
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Schönrich G, Raftery MJ. Exploring the Immunopathogenesis of Viral Hemorrhagic Fever in Mice with a Humanized Immune System. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1202. [PMID: 29018450 PMCID: PMC5622932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) as a disease entity was first codified in the 1930s by soviet scientists investigating patients suffering from hantavirus infection. The group of hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) has since expanded to include members from at least four different virus families: Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, and Flaviviridae, all enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses. After infection, the natural hosts of HFVs do not develop symptoms, whereas humans can be severely affected. This observation and other evidence from experimental data suggest that the human immune system plays a crucial role in VHF pathogenesis. For this reason mice with a human immune system, referred to here as humanized mice (humice), are valuable tools that provide insight into disease mechanisms and allow for preclinical testing of novel vaccinations approaches as well as antiviral agents. In this article, we review the impact of humice in VHF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther Schönrich
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin J Raftery
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Bank vole immunoheterogeneity may limit Nephropatia Epidemica emergence in a French non-endemic region. Parasitology 2017; 145:393-407. [PMID: 28931451 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017001548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ecoevolutionary processes affecting hosts, vectors and pathogens are important drivers of zoonotic disease emergence. In this study, we focused on nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) whose natural reservoir is the bank vole, Myodes glareolus. We questioned the possibility of NE emergence in a French region that is considered to be NE-free but that is adjacent to a NE-endemic region. We first confirmed the epidemiology of these two regions and we demonstrated the absence of spatial barriers that could have limited dispersal, and consequently, the spread of PUUV into the NE-free region. We next tested whether regional immunoheterogeneity could impact PUUV chances to circulate and persist in the NE-free region. We showed that bank voles from the NE-free region were sensitive to experimental PUUV infection. We observed high levels of immunoheterogeneity between individuals and also between regions. Antiviral gene expression (Tnf and Mx2) reached higher levels in bank voles from the NE-free region. During experimental infections, anti-PUUV antibody production was higher in bank voles from the NE-endemic region. These results indicated a lower susceptibility to PUUV for bank voles from this NE-free region, which might limit PUUV persistence and therefore, the risk of NE.
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25
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Liu DY, Liu J, Liu BY, Liu YY, Xiong HR, Hou W, Yang ZQ. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of wild rats, and the relationship with Seoul virus infection in Hubei, China. Virol Sin 2017; 32:235-244. [PMID: 28669005 PMCID: PMC6598924 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Seoul virus (SEOV), which is predominantly carried by Rattus norvegicus, is one of the major causes of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China. Hubei province, located in the central south of China, has experienced some of the most severe epidemics of HFRS. To investigate the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-based phylogenetics of wild rats in Hubei, and the relationship with SEOV infection, 664 wild rats were captured from five trapping sites in Hubei from 2000-2009 and 2014-2015. Using reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, 41 (6.17%) rats were found to be positive for SEOV infection. The SEOV-positive percentage in Yichang was significantly lower than that in other areas. The mtDNA D-loop and cytochrome b (cyt-b) genes of 103 rats were sequenced. Among these animals, 37 were SEOV-positive. The reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationship (based on the complete D-loop and cyt-b sequences) allowed the rats to be categorized into two lineages, R. norvegicus and Rattus nitidus, with the former including the majority of the rats. For both the D-loop and cyt-b genes, 18 haplotypes were identified. The geographic distributions of the different haplotypes were significantly different. There were no significant differences in the SEOVpositive percentages between different haplotypes. There were three sub-lineages for the D-loop, and two for cyt-b. The SEOV-positive percentages for each of the sub-lineages did not significantly differ. This indicates that the SEOV-positive percentage is not related to the mtDNA D-loop or cyt-b haplotype or the sub-lineage of rats from Hubei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hai-Rong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhan-Qiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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26
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Dubois A, Castel G, Murri S, Pulido C, Pons JB, Benoit L, Loiseau A, Lakhdar L, Galan M, Charbonnel N, Marianneau P. Experimental infections of wild bank voles ( Myodes glareolus ) from nephropatia epidemica endemic and non-endemic regions revealed slight differences in Puumala virological course and immunological responses. Virus Res 2017; 235:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Meunier I, Kaufmann E, Downey J, Divangahi M. Unravelling the networks dictating host resistance versus tolerance during pulmonary infections. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:525-536. [PMID: 28168323 PMCID: PMC7088083 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of single cell microorganisms on earth dates back to more than 3.5 billion years ago, ultimately leading to the development of multicellular organisms approximately 3 billion years later. The evolutionary burst of species diversity and the “struggle for existence”, as proposed by Darwin, generated a complex host defense system. Host survival during infection in vital organs, such as the lung, requires a delicate balance between host defense, which is essential for the detection and elimination of pathogens and host tolerance, which is critical for minimizing collateral tissue damage. Whereas the cellular and molecular mechanisms of host defense against many invading pathogens have been extensively studied, our understanding of host tolerance as a key mechanism in maintaining host fitness is extremely limited. This may also explain why current therapeutic and preventive approaches targeting only host defense mechanisms have failed to provide full protection against severe infectious diseases, including pulmonary influenza virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. In this review, we aim to outline various host strategies of resistance and tolerance for effective protection against acute or chronic pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Meunier
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Eva Kaufmann
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Downey
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,RI-MUHC, Centre for Translational Biology, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Block E (EM3.2248), Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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28
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Koivula TT, Tuulasvaara A, Hetemäki I, Hurme M, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J, Vaheri A, Arstila TP. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity is associated with regulatory T cell response in acute Puumala hantavirus infection. Pathog Dis 2017; 75:ftw114. [PMID: 28057727 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with clinically severe acute infection caused by Puumala hantavirus. The immunoregulatory effects of IDO can be mediated either through metabolic control of effector T cells, caused by depletion of the essential amino acid tryptophan, or intercellular signaling and activation of regulatory T cell responses. Here, we have studied 24 patients with acute Puumala hantavirus infection to distinguish between these possibilities. Maximum IDO activity showed a significant positive correlation with FOXP3 expression levels in regulatory T cells, a quantitative surrogate marker for suppressive capability. In contrast, IDO activity did not correlate with the frequency of CD8+ effector cells in cell cycle. The data suggest that in Puumala infection, the mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of IDO is not metabolic control of effector cells but rather the signaling mediated by tryptophan breakdown products, such as kynurenine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuisku-Tuulia Koivula
- Department of Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Tuulasvaara
- Department of Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iivo Hetemäki
- Department of Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Petteri Arstila
- Department of Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland .,Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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29
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Mustonen J, Outinen T, Laine O, Pörsti I, Vaheri A, Mäkelä S. Kidney disease in Puumala hantavirus infection. Infect Dis (Lond) 2017; 49:321-332. [PMID: 28049381 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2016.1274421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a predominant clinical expression of nephropathia epidemica (NE). Its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Here, we describe the tissue injury comprehensively and present new data aimed to characterize the injury and explain its pathophysiology. When compared to tubulointerstitial nephritis of a wide variety of other aetiologies, a high degree of proteinuria is a distinguished trait of NE, a finding that is also helpful in the clinical suspicion of the disease. Recently, novel biomarkers for the prediction of severe AKI, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), have been identified and ultrastructural tissue changes have been more accurately described. A role for soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator (suPAR) in the pathogenesis of NE has been suggested, and data on gene polymorphisms, in relation to the severity of AKI have been presented. Smoking is a risk factor for NE and smoking is also associated with aggravated AKI in NE. Although no specific treatment is in sight, recent case reports concerning therapy directed against vascular permeability and vasodilation are of interest. In fact, future work trying to explain the pathophysiology of AKI might need concentrated efforts towards the mechanisms of increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation, which irrespective of organ manifestation, are two major determinants of NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Mustonen
- a Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Tuula Outinen
- a Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Outi Laine
- a Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Ilkka Pörsti
- a Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- c Department of Virology, Medicum , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- a Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
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30
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Dubois A, Galan M, Cosson JF, Gauffre B, Henttonen H, Niemimaa J, Razzauti M, Voutilainen L, Vitalis R, Guivier E, Charbonnel N. Microevolution of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) at neutral and immune-related genes during multiannual dynamic cycles: Consequences for Puumala hantavirus epidemiology. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 49:318-329. [PMID: 27956196 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how host dynamics, including variations of population size and dispersal, may affect the epidemiology of infectious diseases through ecological and evolutionary processes is an active research area. Here we focus on a bank vole (Myodes glareolus) metapopulation surveyed in Finland between 2005 and 2009. Bank vole is the reservoir of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE, a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal symptom) in humans. M. glareolus populations experience multiannual density fluctuations that may influence the level of genetic diversity maintained in bank voles, PUUV prevalence and NE occurrence. We examine bank vole metapopulation genetics at presumably neutral markers and immune-related genes involved in susceptibility to PUUV (Tnf-promoter, Tlr4, Tlr7 and Mx2 gene) to investigate the links between population dynamics, microevolutionary processes and PUUV epidemiology. We show that genetic drift slightly and transiently affects neutral and adaptive genetic variability within the metapopulation. Gene flow seems to counterbalance its effects during the multiannual density fluctuations. The low abundance phase may therefore be too short to impact genetic variation in the host, and consequently viral genetic diversity. Environmental heterogeneity does not seem to affect vole gene flow, which might explain the absence of spatial structure previously detected in PUUV in this area. Besides, our results suggest the role of vole dispersal on PUUV circulation through sex-specific and density-dependent movements. We find little evidence of selection acting on immune-related genes within this metapopulation. Footprint of positive selection is detected at Tlr-4 gene in 2008 only. We observe marginally significant associations between Mx2 genotype and PUUV genogroups. These results show that neutral processes seem to be the main factors affecting the evolution of these immune-related genes at a contemporary scale, although the relative effects of neutral and adaptive forces could vary temporally with density fluctuations. Immune related gene polymorphism may in turn partly influence PUUV epidemiology in this metapopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaïde Dubois
- INRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France; Anses, Unité de Virologie, 31 avenue Tony Garnier, 69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Maxime Galan
- INRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Jean-François Cosson
- INRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France; INRA-ANSES-ENVA, UMR 0956 BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | | | - Jukka Niemimaa
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, FI-013012 Vantaa, Finland
| | | | - Liina Voutilainen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, FI-013012 Vantaa, Finland; Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Emmanuel Guivier
- Biogeosciences, CNRS UMR 6282, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
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31
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MYD88 and functionally related genes are associated with multiple infections in a model population of Kenyan village dogs. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:1451-1463. [PMID: 27655108 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to seek associations between immunity-related molecular markers and endemic infections in a model population of African village dogs from Northern Kenya with no veterinary care and no selective breeding. A population of village dogs from Northern Kenya composed of three sub-populations from three different areas (84, 50 and 55 dogs) was studied. Canine distemper virus (CDV), Hepatozoon canis, Microfilariae (Acantocheilonema dracunculoides, Acantocheilonema reconditum) and Neospora caninum were the pathogens studied. The presence of antibodies (CDV, Neospora), light microscopy (Hepatozoon) and diagnostic PCR (Microfilariae) were the methods used for diagnosing infection. Genes involved in innate immune mechanisms, NOS3, IL6, TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, TLR9, LY96, MYD88, and three major histocompatibility genes class II genes were selected as candidates. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were detected by Sanger sequencing, next generation sequencing and PCR-RFLP. The Fisher´s exact test for additive and non-additive models was used for association analyses. Three SNPs within the MYD88 gene and one TLR4 SNP marker were associated with more than one infection. Combined genotypes and further markers identified by next generation sequencing confirmed associations observed for individual genes. The genes associated with infection and their combinations in specific genotypes match well our knowledge on their biological role and on the role of the relevant biological pathways, respectively. Associations with multiple infections observed between the MYD88 and TLR4 genes suggest their involvement in the mechanisms of anti-infectious defenses in dogs.
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32
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Papa A, Vaheri A, LeDuc JW, Krüger DH, Avšič-Županc T, Arikawa J, Song JW, Markotić A, Clement J, Liang M, Li D, Yashina LN, Jonsson CB, Schmaljohn CS. Meeting report: Tenth International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2016; 133:234-41. [PMID: 27544703 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The 10th International Conference on Hantaviruses, organized by the International Society on Hantaviruses, was held from May 31-June 3, 2016 at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. These conferences have been held every three years since 1980. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology and epidemiology, virus replication, phylogeny, pathogenesis, immune response, clinical studies, vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papa
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James W LeDuc
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Detlev H Krüger
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jiro Arikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alemka Markotić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljevic", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jan Clement
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology and Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mifang Liang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Dexin Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Liudmila N Yashina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Connie S Schmaljohn
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
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Angulo J, Pino K, Echeverría-Chagas N, Marco C, Martínez-Valdebenito C, Galeno H, Villagra E, Vera L, Lagos N, Becerra N, Mora J, Bermúdez A, Cárcamo M, Díaz J, Miquel JF, Ferrés M, López-Lastra M. Association of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IL28B, but Not TNF-α, With Severity of Disease Caused by Andes Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:e62-9. [PMID: 26394672 PMCID: PMC4657541 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andes virus (ANDV) is the sole etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in Chile, with a fatality rate of about 35%. Individual host factors affecting ANDV infection outcome are poorly understood. In this case-control genetic association analysis, we explored the link between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860, rs8099917 and rs1800629 and the clinical outcome of ANDV-induced disease. The SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917 are known to play a role in the differential expression of the interleukin 28B gene (IL28B), whereas SNP rs1800629 is implicated in the expression of tumor necrosis factor α gene (TNF-α). METHODS A total of 238 samples from confirmed ANDV-infected patients collected between 2006 and 2014, and categorized according to the severity of the disease, were genotyped for SNPs rs12979860, rs8099917, and rs1800629. RESULTS Analysis of IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917 revealed a link between homozygosity of the minor alleles (TT and GG, respectively), displaying a mild disease progression, whereas heterozygosity or homozygosity for the major alleles (CT/CC and TG/TT, respectively) in both IL28B SNPs is associated with severe disease. No association with the clinical outcome of HCPS was observed for TNF-α SNP rs1800629 (TNF -308G>A). CONCLUSIONS The IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917, but not TNF-α SNP rs1800629, are associated with the clinical outcome of ANDV-induced disease, suggesting a possible link between IL28B expression and ANDV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenniffer Angulo
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia
| | - Karla Pino
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia
| | - Natalia Echeverría-Chagas
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudia Marco
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, División de Pediatría
| | | | - Héctor Galeno
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Eliecer Villagra
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Lilian Vera
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Natalia Lagos
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Natalia Becerra
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Judith Mora
- Subdepartamento de Virología Clínica, Departamento Laboratorio Biomédico Nacional y de Referencia
| | - Andrea Bermúdez
- Departamento de Asuntos Científicos, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago
| | - Marcela Cárcamo
- Departamento de Asuntos Científicos, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago
| | - Janepsy Díaz
- Departamento de Asuntos Científicos, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago
| | - Juan Francisco Miquel
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Marcela Ferrés
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, División de Pediatría
| | - Marcelo López-Lastra
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia
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H1N1 influenza virus induces narcolepsy-like sleep disruption and targets sleep-wake regulatory neurons in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 113:E368-77. [PMID: 26668381 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521463112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased incidence in the sleep-disorder narcolepsy has been associated with the 2009-2010 pandemic of H1N1 influenza virus in China and with mass vaccination campaigns against influenza during the pandemic in Finland and Sweden. Pathogenetic mechanisms of narcolepsy have so far mainly focused on autoimmunity. We here tested an alternative working hypothesis involving a direct role of influenza virus infection in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy in susceptible subjects. We show that infection with H1N1 influenza virus in mice that lack B and T cells (Recombinant activating gene 1-deficient mice) can lead to narcoleptic-like sleep-wake fragmentation and sleep structure alterations. Interestingly, the infection targeted brainstem and hypothalamic neurons, including orexin/hypocretin-producing neurons that regulate sleep-wake stability and are affected in narcolepsy. Because changes occurred in the absence of adaptive autoimmune responses, the findings show that brain infections with H1N1 virus have the potential to cause per se narcoleptic-like sleep disruption.
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Castel G, Couteaudier M, Sauvage F, Pons JB, Murri S, Plyusnina A, Pontier D, Cosson JF, Plyusnin A, Marianneau P, Tordo N. Complete Genome and Phylogeny of Puumala Hantavirus Isolates Circulating in France. Viruses 2015; 7:5476-88. [PMID: 26506370 PMCID: PMC4632392 DOI: 10.3390/v7102884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) is the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe. NE incidence presents a high spatial variation throughout France, while the geographical distribution of the wild reservoir of PUUV, the bank vole, is rather continuous. A missing piece of the puzzle is the current distribution and the genetic variation of PUUV in France, which has been overlooked until now and remains poorly understood. During a population survey, from 2008 to 2011, bank voles were trapped in eight different forests of France located in areas known to be endemic for NE or in area from where no NE case has been reported until now. Bank voles were tested for immunoglobulin (Ig)G ELISA serology and two seropositive animals for each of three different areas (Ardennes, Jura and Orleans) were then subjected to laboratory analyses in order to sequence the whole S, M and L segments of PUUV. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that French PUUV isolates globally belong to the central European (CE) lineage although isolates from Ardennes are clearly distinct from those in Jura and Orleans, suggesting a different evolutionary history and origin of PUUV introduction in France. Sequence analyses revealed specific amino acid signatures along the N protein, including in PUUV from the Orleans region from where NE in humans has never been reported. The relevance of these mutations in term of pathophysiology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Castel
- INRA-UMR 1062 CBGP, 755 Avenue Campus Agropolis, CS30016, 34988 Montferrier sur Lez, France.
- Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Frank Sauvage
- CNRS-Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR5558), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
- LabEx ECOFECT Ecoevolutionary Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pons
- CNRS-Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR5558), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
- LabEx ECOFECT Ecoevolutionary Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Séverine Murri
- ANSES-Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Angelina Plyusnina
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Dominique Pontier
- CNRS-Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR5558), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
- LabEx ECOFECT Ecoevolutionary Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Jean-François Cosson
- INRA-UMR 1062 CBGP, 755 Avenue Campus Agropolis, CS30016, 34988 Montferrier sur Lez, France.
- INRA-UMR Bipar, 23 Av. Général de Gaulle, 94706 Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Alexander Plyusnin
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Philippe Marianneau
- ANSES-Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Noël Tordo
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, WHO collaborative Centre for Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers and Arboviruses, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in apparently healthy people from rural and slum communities in southern Chile. Viruses 2015; 7:2006-13. [PMID: 25912713 PMCID: PMC4411687 DOI: 10.3390/v7042006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus disease in America has been recognizable because of its rapid progression in clinical cases, occurrence in previously healthy young adults, and high case fatality rate. Hantavirus disease has been proposed now to define the diversity of clinical manifestations. Since 1995, a total of 902 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome have been reported in Chile, caused by Andes virus (ANDV), with overall fatality of 32%. This report describes the sero-epidemiology of hantavirus in apparently healthy people in rural and urban slum communities from southern Chile. Ten of 934 samples yielded a positive result resulting in a seroprevalence of 1.07% (95% confidence intervals: 0.05%–2.0%). A higher proportion of positive samples was found among individuals from rural villages (1.3%) and slums (1.5%) compared with farms (0.5%). Seropositivity was associated with age (p = 0.011), low education level (p = 0.006) and occupations linked to the household (homemaker, retired, or student) (p = 0.016). No evidence of infection was found in 38 sigmodontinae rodents trapped in the peri-domestic environment. Our findings highlight that exposure risk was associated with less documented risk factors, such as women in slum and rural villages, and the occurrence of infection that may have presented as flu-like illness that did not require medical attention or was misdiagnosed.
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Schönrich G, Krüger DH, Raftery MJ. Hantavirus-induced disruption of the endothelial barrier: neutrophils are on the payroll. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:222. [PMID: 25859243 PMCID: PMC4373389 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic fever caused by hantaviruses is an emerging infectious disease for which suitable treatments are not available. In order to improve this situation a better understanding of hantaviral pathogenesis is urgently required. Hantaviruses infect endothelial cell layers in vitro without causing any cytopathogenic effect and without increasing permeability. This implies that the mechanisms underlying vascular hyperpermeability in hantavirus-associated disease are more complex and that immune mechanisms play an important role. In this review we highlight the latest developments in hantavirus-induced immunopathogenesis. A possible contribution of neutrophils has been neglected so far. For this reason, we place special emphasis on the pathogenic role of neutrophils in disrupting the endothelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther Schönrich
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlev H Krüger
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin J Raftery
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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