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Salauddin M, Saha S, Hossain MG, Okuda K, Shimada M. Clinical Application of Adenovirus (AdV): A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2024; 16:1094. [PMID: 39066256 PMCID: PMC11281619 DOI: 10.3390/v16071094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are non-enveloped DNA viruses that cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild infections to life-threatening diseases in a broad range of hosts. Due to the unique characteristics of these viruses, they have also become a vehicle for gene-transfer and cancer therapeutic instruments. Adenovirus vectors can be used in gene therapy by modifying wild-type viruses to render them replication-defective. This makes it possible to swap out particular viral genes for segments that carry therapeutic genes and to employ the resultant vector as a means of delivering genes to specified tissues. In this review, we outline the progressive development of adenovirus vectors, exploring their characteristics, genetic modifications, and range of uses in clinical and preclinical settings. A significant emphasis is placed on their crucial role in advancing gene therapy, cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and the latest breakthroughs in vaccine development for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Salauddin
- Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9202, Bangladesh;
| | - Sukumar Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Md. Golzar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (S.S.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Kenji Okuda
- Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
| | - Masaru Shimada
- Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
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Eichhorn JS, Petrik J. Thetumor microenvironment'sinpancreatic cancer:Effects onimmunotherapy successandnovel strategiestoovercomethehostile environment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155370. [PMID: 38815507 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health issue that poses a considerable burden on both patients and healthcare systems. Many different types of cancers exist that often require unique treatment approaches and therapies. A hallmark of tumor progression is the creation of an immunosuppressive environment, which poses complex challenges for current treatments. Amongst the most explored characteristics is a hypoxic environment, high interstitial pressure, and immunosuppressive cells and cytokines. Traditional cancer treatments involve radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical procedures. The advent of immunotherapies was regarded as a promising approach with hopes of greatly increasing patients' survival and outcome. Although some success is seen with various immunotherapies, the vast majority of monotherapies are unsuccessful. This review examines how various aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) present challenges that impede the success of immunotherapies. Subsequently, we review strategies to manipulate the TME to facilitate the success of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sören Eichhorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Jim Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1 Canada.
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3
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Li YS, Ye LY, Luo YX, Zheng WJ, Si JX, Yang X, Zhang YN, Wang SB, Zou H, Jin KT, Ge T, Cai Y, Mou XZ. Tumor-targeted delivery of copper-manganese biomineralized oncolytic adenovirus for colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:243-255. [PMID: 38458511 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic viral therapy (OVT) is a novel anti-tumor immunotherapy approach, specifically replicating within tumor cells. Currently, oncolytic viruses are mainly administered by intratumoral injection. However, achieving good results for distant metastatic tumors is challenging. In this study, a multifunctional oncolytic adenovirus, OA@CuMnCs, was developed using bimetallic ions copper and manganese. These metal cations form a biomineralized coating on the virus's surface, reducing immune clearance. It is known that viruses upregulate the expression of PD-L1. Copper ions in OA@CuMnCs can decrease the PD-L1 expression of tumor cells, thereby promoting immune cell-related factor release. This process involves antigen presentation and the combination of immature dendritic cells, transforming them into mature dendritic cells. It changes "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors, further inducing immunogenic cell death. While oncolytic virus replication requires oxygen, manganese ions in OA@CuMnCs can react with endogenous hydrogen peroxide. This reaction produces oxygen, enhancing the virus's replication ability and the tumor lysis effect. Thus, this multifunctionally coated OA@CuMnCs demonstrates potent amplification in immunotherapy efficacy, and shows great potential for further clinical OVT. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Oncolytic virus therapy (OVs) is a new anti-tumor immunotherapy method that can specifically replicate in tumor cells. Although the oncolytic virus can achieve a therapeutic effect on some non-metastatic tumors through direct intratumoral injection, there are still three major defects in the treatment of metastatic tumors: immune response, hypoxia effect, and administration route. Various studies have shown that the immune response in vivo can be overcome by modifying or wrapping the surface protein of the oncolytic virus. In this paper, a multifunctional coating of copper and manganese was prepared by combining the advantages of copper and manganese ions. The coating has a simple preparation method and mild conditions, and can effectively enhance tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lu-Yi Ye
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Yan-Xi Luo
- Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jing-Xing Si
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - You-Ni Zhang
- Emergency Department, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou 317200, China
| | - Shi-Bing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hai Zou
- Department of Critical Care, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Tong Ge
- Emergency Department, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou 317200, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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Dash SR, Kundu A, Kundu CN. The role of viruses in cancer progression versus cancer treatment: A dual paradigm. Life Sci 2024; 341:122506. [PMID: 38373620 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Most human malignancies are attributed to exposure to infectious organisms such as viruses. Certain infections that can induce cancer can evade the immune system, leading to persistent inflammation that facilitates uncontrolled cell growth. Moreover, these pathogens can increase the likelihood of oncogenic transformation, leading to cancer development. Despite significant advancements in medicine, oncological research continues to seek innovative treatment techniques in light of the constraints imposed by traditional therapeutic agents. Virus-based therapy is a novel treatment method that has garnered significant interest due to its broad range of applications. Virotherapy employs oncolytic viruses that are genetically modified to target tumor cells specifically, undergo replication inside them and destroy the malignant cells. Additionally, this therapeutic approach elicits an anticancer response by boosting the patient's immune system. In addition, viruses are commonly employed as targeted delivery vectors for the precise transportation of various genes, medicinal compounds and immune-stimulating substances. Furthermore, virotherapy offers more excellent anticancer activity in combination with established treatment modalities such as immune therapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This review presents a concise overview of the roles played by infectious agents, such as viruses in cancer progression. In addition, we have thoroughly summarized the advancements in utilizing viruses for their oncolytic properties in conjunction with established cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Anushka Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India.
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Jin L, Mao Z. Living virus-based nanohybrids for biomedical applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1923. [PMID: 37619605 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Living viruses characterized by distinctive biological functions including specific targeting, gene invasion, immune modulation, and so forth have been receiving intensive attention from researchers worldwide owing to their promising potential for producing numerous theranostic modalities against diverse pathological conditions. Nevertheless, concerns during applications, such as rapid immune clearance, altering immune activation modes, insufficient gene transduction efficiency, and so forth, highlight the crucial issues of excessive therapeutic doses and the associated biosafety risks. To address these concerns, synthetic nanomaterials featuring unique physical/chemical properties are frequently exploited as efficient drug delivery vehicles or treatments in biomedical domains. By constant endeavor, researchers nowadays can create adaptable living virus-based nanohybrids (LVN) that not only overcome the limitations of virotherapy, but also combine the benefits of natural substances and nanotechnology to produce novel and promising therapeutic and diagnostic agents. In this review, we discuss the fundamental physiochemical properties of the viruses, and briefly outline the basic construction methodologies of LVN. We then emphasize their distinct diagnostic and therapeutic performances for various diseases. Furthermore, we survey the foreseeable challenges and future perspectives in this interdisciplinary area to offer insights. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Sallard E, Schulte L, van den Boom A, Klimovitskii A, Knierer J, Hagedorn C, Knocks M, Zhang W, Kreppel F, Ehrhardt A, Ehrke-Schulz E. Development of oncolytic and gene therapy vectors based on adenovirus serotype 4 as an alternative to adenovirus serotype 5. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3576. [PMID: 37580111 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenoviral vectors are among the most frequently used vectors for gene therapy and cancer treatment. Most vectors are derived from human adenovirus (Ad) serotype 5 despite limited applicability caused by pre-existing immunity and unfavorable liver tropism, whereas the other more than 100 known human serotypes remain largely unused. Here, we screened a library of human Ad types and identified Ad4 as a promising candidate vector. METHODS Reporter-gene-expressing viruses representative of the natural human Ad diversity were used to transduce an array of muscle cell lines and two- or three-dimensional tumor cultures. The time-course of transgene expression was monitored by fluorescence or luminescence measurements. To generate replication-deficient Ad4 vector genomes, successive homologous recombination was applied. RESULTS Ad4, 17 and 50 transduced human cardiomyocytes more efficiently than Ad5, whereas Ad37 was found to be superior in rhabdomyocytes. Despite its moderate transduction efficiency, Ad4 showed efficient and long-lasting gene expression in papillomavirus (HPV) positive tumor organoids. Therefore, we aimed to harness the potential of Ad4 for improved muscle transduction or oncolytic virotherapy of HPV-positive tumors. We deleted the E1 and E3 transcription units to produce first generation Ad vectors for gene therapy. The E1- and E1/E3-deleted vectors were replication-competent in HEK293 cells stably expressing E1 but not in the other cell lines tested. Furthermore, we show that the Ad5 E1 transcription unit can complement the replication of E1-deleted Ad4 vectors. CONCLUSIONS Our Ad4-based gene therapy vector platform contributes to the development of improved Ad vectors based on non-canonical serotypes for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Sallard
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Lukas Schulte
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Alexander van den Boom
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Alexander Klimovitskii
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Julius Knierer
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Claudia Hagedorn
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Maximilian Knocks
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Florian Kreppel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Eric Ehrke-Schulz
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Jabir MS, Al-Shammari AM, Ali ZO, Albukhaty S, Sulaiman GM, Jawad SF, Hamzah SS, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Eswaramoorthy R, Zaghloul NSS, Al-Dulimi AG, Najm MAA. Combined oncolytic virotherapy gold nanoparticles as synergistic immunotherapy agent in breast cancer control. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16843. [PMID: 37803068 PMCID: PMC10558528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining viruses and nanoparticles may be a way to successfully treat cancer and minimize adverse effects. The current work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a specific combination of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to enhance the antitumor effect of breast cancer in both in vitro and in vivo models. Two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and AMJ-13) and a normal epithelial cell line (HBL-100) were used and treated with NDV and/or GNPs. The MTT assay was used to study the anticancer potentials of NDV and GNP. The colony formation assay and apoptosis markers were used to confirm the killing mechanisms of NDV and GNP against breast cancer cell lines. p53 and caspase-9 expression tested by the qRT-PCR technique. Our results showed that combination therapy had a significant killing effect against breast cancer cells. The findings demonstrated that NDV and GNPs induced apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-9, the p53 protein, and other proteins related to apoptosis, which holds promise as a combination therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid S Jabir
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed M Al-Shammari
- Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Zainab O Ali
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, 62001, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq.
| | - Sabrean F Jawad
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Sawsan S Hamzah
- College of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Nouf S S Zaghloul
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - Ali G Al-Dulimi
- Department of Dentistry, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, 32001, Iraq
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
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Shahbaz A, Mahmood T, Javed MU, Abbasi BH. Current advances in microbial-based cancer therapies. Med Oncol 2023; 40:207. [PMID: 37330997 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbes have an immense metabolic capability and can adapt to a wide variety of environments; as a result, they share complicated relationships with cancer. The goal of microbial-based cancer therapy is to treat patients with cancers that are not easily treatable, by using tumor-specific infectious microorganisms. Nevertheless, a number of difficulties have been encountered as a result of the harmful effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and alternative cancer therapies, such as the toxicity to non-cancerous cells, the inability of medicines to penetrate deep tumor tissue, and the ongoing problem of rising drug resistance in tumor cells. Due to these difficulties, there is now a larger need for designing alternative strategies that are more effective and selective when targeting tumor cells. The fight against cancer has advanced significantly owing to cancer immunotherapy. The researchers have greatly benefited from their understanding of tumor-invading immune cells as well as the immune responses that are specifically targeted against cancer. Application of bacterial and viral cancer therapeutics offers promising potential to be employed as cancer treatments among immunotherapies. As a novel therapeutic strategy, microbial targeting of tumors has been created to address the persisting hurdles of cancer treatment. This review outlines the mechanisms by which both bacteria and viruses target and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. Their ongoing clinical trials and possible modifications that can be made in the future have also been addressed in the following sections. These microbial-based cancer medicines have the ability to suppress cancer that builds up and multiplies in the tumor microenvironment and triggers antitumor immune responses, in contrast to other cancer medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Shahbaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medicine Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tehreem Mahmood
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Uzair Javed
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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9
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Chavan VG, Awandkar SP, Kulkarni MB, Chavhan SG, Kulkarni RC, Agnihotri AA. Molecular phylodynamics of fowl adenovirus serotype 11 and 8b from inclusion body hepatitis outbreaks. Virus Genes 2023; 59:148-157. [PMID: 36315316 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotypes are involved in a variety of clinical manifestations in poultry and has resulted in substantial economic loss to the poultry farmers. Despite the endemicity of Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in South Asian countries, including India, its etiology is not well studied. In western India, the rural poultry flocks obtained from the vaccinated parents were experiencing disease outbreaks with substantial economic losses due to heavy outbreaks and mortality. Therefore, the study was conducted to decipher the molecular epidemiology of the FAdV from field outbreaks in western India. A total of 37 commercial broiler poultry flocks and 29 village poultry flocks of western India were visited during 2019 to 2021. Out of these, 19.14% flocks showed incidence of IBH during the age of 15 to 35 days. The mortality ranged from 3.3 percent to 55.28 percent. The samples were subjected for amplification of partial hexon gene covering loop 1 and loop 2. The results revealed 48.28% positivity by PCR. The sequence analysis identified 14 isolates as species D serotype 11 with 0.97 to 0.99% divergence and two as species E serotype 8b with 0.99% divergence. The FAdV-11 isolates showed amino acid substitutions D195N, T399A, N417S, and N496H. The amino acids I188 and N195 were conserved in FAdV-11. The molecular clock in Bayesian methods was used to determine most common ancestor. The isolates MH379249 and MH379248 were determined the most recent common ancestor for FAdV-11 and FAdV-8b isolates. The analysis suggested evolution of 10 FAdV-11 strains in 2012, and four FAdV-11 strains and two FAdV-8b strains in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishranti G Chavan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Sudhakar P Awandkar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India.
| | - Mahesh B Kulkarni
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Sambhaji G Chavhan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Ram C Kulkarni
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Aditya A Agnihotri
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
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10
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Fatima M, Amraiz D, Navid MT. Oncolytic Virotherapy. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 185:105-126. [PMID: 37306907 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy opens up avenues for cancer treatment by selectively targeting the cancer cells and destructs them either through direct lysis or by inducing an immune response in the tumor microenvironment. This platform technology utilizes a diverse range naturally existing or genetically modified oncolytic viruses for their immunotherapeutic potential. Due to the limitations associated with the conventional cancer therapies, immunotherapies using oncolytic viruses (OVs) have generated a great deal of interest in the modern era. Currently, several oncolytic viruses have entered clinical trials and have proven successful for a number of different cancers as monotherapies as well as in combination with the standard treatment methods like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy. Efficacy of OVs can be further enhanced by utilizing several approaches. Efforts of the scientific community for getting better knowledge of individual patient tumor immune responses will enable medical community to treat cancer patients more precisely. In this regard, OV seems to be a part of multimodality cancer treatment option in the near future. In this chapter, the fundamental characteristics and mechanism of actions of oncolytic viruses are initially described and then overview of the important clinical trials of various oncolytic viruses for a number of cancers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Fatima
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Deeba Amraiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Tariq Navid
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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11
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Vorobjeva IV, Zhirnov OP. Modern approaches to treating cancer with oncolytic viruses. MICROBIOLOGY INDEPENDENT RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-91-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. This serves as a powerful incentive to search for new effective cancer treatments. Development of new oncolytic viruses capable of selectively destroying cancer cells is one of the modern approaches to cancer treatment. The advantage of this method – the selective lysis of tumor cells with the help of viruses – leads to an increase in the antitumor immune response of the body, that in turn promotes the destruction of the primary tumor and its metastases. Significant progress in development of this method has been achieved in the last decade. In this review we analyze the literature data on families of oncolytic viruses that have demonstrated a positive therapeutic effect against malignant neoplasms in various localizations. We discuss the main mechanisms of the oncolytic action of viruses and assess their advantages over other methods of cancer therapy as well as the prospects for their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. V. Vorobjeva
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology
| | - O. P. Zhirnov
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology; The Russian-German Academy of Medical and Biotechnological Sciences
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Recent Advances and Challenges in Uveal Melanoma Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133094. [PMID: 35804863 PMCID: PMC9264803 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Although it can be controlled locally, half of the patients still develop metastases. To date, there have been no standard therapeutic strategies for the prevention or treatment of metastases. Existing therapies, such as chemotherapy and targeted therapies, induce only minimal responses. This review focuses on newly published research on immunotherapy. We highlight expanding treatments and their clinical outcomes, as well as propose promising new treatments and feasible checkpoints. Based on these findings, we provide innovative insights into feasible strategies for the treatment of patients with uveal melanoma. Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Compared to cutaneous melanoma (CM), which mainly harbors BRAF or NRAS mutations, UM predominantly harbors GNAQ or GNA11 mutations. Although primary UM can be controlled locally, approximately 50% of patients still develop metastases. To date, there have been no standard therapeutic strategies for the prevention or treatment of metastases. Unfortunately, chemotherapy and targeted therapies only induce minimal responses in patients with metastatic UM, with a median survival time of only 4–5 months after metastasis detection. Immunotherapy agents, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, have achieved pioneering outcomes in CM but have shown limited effects in UM. Researchers have explored several feasible checkpoints to identify options for future therapies. Cancer vaccines have shown little in the way of therapeutic benefit in patients with UM, and there are few ongoing trials providing favorable evidence, but adoptive cell transfer-related therapies seem promising and deserve further investigation. More recently, the immune-mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptor against the cancer molecule tebentafusp showed impressive antitumor effects. Meanwhile, oncolytic viruses and small molecule inhibitors have also gained ground. This review highlights recent progress in burgeoning treatments and provides innovative insights on feasible strategies for the treatment of UM.
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Alekseenko IV, Pleshkan VV, Kuzmich AI, Kondratieva SA, Sverdlov ED. Gene-Immune Therapy of Cancer: Approaches and Problems. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Garcia-Carbonero R, Bazan-Peregrino M, Gil-Martín M, Álvarez R, Macarulla T, Riesco-Martinez MC, Verdaguer H, Guillén-Ponce C, Farrera-Sal M, Moreno R, Mato-Berciano A, Maliandi MV, Torres-Manjon S, Costa M, Del Pozo N, Martínez de Villarreal J, Real FX, Vidal N, Capella G, Alemany R, Blasi E, Blasco C, Cascalló M, Salazar R. Phase I, multicenter, open-label study of intravenous VCN-01 oncolytic adenovirus with or without nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e003255. [PMID: 35338084 PMCID: PMC8961117 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VCN-01 is an oncolytic adenovirus (Ad5 based) designed to replicate in cancer cells with dysfunctional RB1 pathway, express hyaluronidase to enhance virus intratumoral spread and facilitate chemotherapy and immune cells extravasation into the tumor. This phase I clinical trial was aimed to find the maximum tolerated dose/recommended phase II dose (RP2D) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of the intravenous delivery of the replication-competent VCN-01 adenovirus in patients with advanced cancer. METHODS Part I: patients with advanced refractory solid tumors received one single dose of VCN-01. Parts II and III: patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma received VCN-01 (only in cycle 1) and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (VCN-concurrent on day 1 in Part II, and 7 days before chemotherapy in Part III). Patients were required to have anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibody (NAbs) titers lower than 1/350 dilution. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses were performed. RESULTS 26% of the patients initially screened were excluded based on high NAbs levels. Sixteen and 12 patients were enrolled in Part I and II, respectively: RP2D were 1×1013 viral particles (vp)/patient (Part I), and 3.3×1012 vp/patient (Part II). Fourteen patients were included in Part III: there were no DLTs and the RP2D was 1×1013 vp/patient. Observed DLTs were grade 4 aspartate aminotransferase increase in one patient (Part I, 1×1013 vp), grade 4 febrile neutropenia in one patient and grade 5 thrombocytopenia plus enterocolitis in another patient (Part II, 1×1013 vp). In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma overall response rate were 50% (Part II) and 50% (Part III). VCN-01 viral genomes were detected in tumor tissue in five out of six biopsies (day 8). A second viral plasmatic peak and increased hyaluronidase serum levels suggested replication after intravenous injection in all patients. Increased levels of immune biomarkers (interferon-γ, soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10) were found after VCN-01 administration. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with VCN-01 is feasible and has an acceptable safety. Encouraging biological and clinical activity was observed when administered in combination with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine to patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02045602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Garcia-Carbonero
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), UCM, CNIO, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Gil-Martín
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Álvarez
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal (CIOCC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Macarulla
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital & Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria C Riesco-Martinez
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), UCM, CNIO, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena Verdaguer
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital & Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Martí Farrera-Sal
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Silvia Torres-Manjon
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcel Costa
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Del Pozo
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre-CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez de Villarreal
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre-CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre-CNIO, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gabriel Capella
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain, Spain
| | - Ramon Alemany
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Blasi
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Blasco
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Cascalló
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Salazar
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ixovex-1, a novel oncolytic E1B-mutated adenovirus. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1628-1635. [PMID: 35596069 PMCID: PMC9663300 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a great demand for improved oncolytic viruses that selectively replicate within cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Here, we describe a novel oncolytic adenovirus, Ixovex-1, that obtains a cancer-selective replication phenotype by modulating the level of expression of the different, alternatively spliced E1B mRNA isoforms. Ixovex-1 is a recombinant adenovirus that carries a single point mutation in the E1B-93R 3' splice acceptor site that results in overexpression of the E1B-156R splice isoform. In this paper, we studied the characteristics of this novel oncolytic adenovirus by validating its in vitro behaviour in a panel of normal cells and cancer cells. We additionally studied its anti-tumour efficacy in vivo. Ixovex-1 significantly inhibited tumour growth and prolonged survival of mice in an immune-deficient lung carcinoma tumour implantation model. In complementation experiments, overexpression of E1B-156R was shown to increase the oncolytic index of both Ad5wt and ONYX-015. In contrast to prior viruses of similar type, Ixovex-1 includes a functional E3B region for better in vivo efficacy. Throughout this study, the Ixovex-1 virus has been proven to be superior in competency compared to a virus with multiple deletions.
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16
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Tate SJ, Van de Sande L, Ceelen WP, Torkington J, Parker AL. The Feasibility of Pressurised Intraperitoneal Aerosolised Virotherapy (PIPAV) to Administer Oncolytic Adenoviruses. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2043. [PMID: 34959325 PMCID: PMC8708803 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with peritoneal metastases is poor. Treatment options are limited because systemically delivered chemotherapy is not usually effective in this type of disease. Pressurised intraperitoneal aerosolised chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a recently developed alternative technology for delivering intraperitoneal chemotherapy, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy. Here, we assess the feasibility of pressurised intraperitoneal aerosolised virotherapy (PIPAV) to deliver a different class of anticancer agents, oncolytic adenoviruses, in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Adenoviral vectors expressing reporter genes green fluorescence protein (Ad5.GFP) or firefly luciferase (Ad5.Luc) were subject to pressurised aerosolisation. The ability of the virus to survive PIPAV was assessed in vitro and in vivo by monitoring reporter gene activity. Wistar rats subjected to PIPAV were assessed for any adverse procedure related events. RESULTS In vitro transduction assays demonstrated that Ad5 retained viability following pressurised aerosolisation and could transduce permissive cells equally effectively as non-aerosolised control vector. PIPAV was well tolerated in rats, although minimal transduction was observed following intraperitoneal administration. CONCLUSIONS PIPAV appears viable and well tolerated, though in vivo efficacy requires further optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia J. Tate
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
| | - Leen Van de Sande
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.d.S.); (W.P.C.)
| | - Wim P. Ceelen
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.d.S.); (W.P.C.)
| | - Jared Torkington
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK;
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
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Nguyen PV, Hervé-Aubert K, Chourpa I, Allard-Vannier E. Active targeting strategy in nanomedicines using anti-EGFR ligands - A promising approach for cancer therapy and diagnosis. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121134. [PMID: 34571073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As active targeting using nanomedicines establishes itself as a strategy of choice in cancer therapy, several target receptors or ligands overexpressed in cancer cells have been identified and exploited. Among them, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has emerged as one of the most promising oncomarkers for active targeting nanomedicines due to its overexpression and its active involvement in a wide range of cancer types. Henceforth, many novel EGFR-targeted nanomedicines for cancer therapy have been developed, giving encouraging results both in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on different applications of such medicines in oncotherapy. On an important note, the contribution of EGFR-targeting ligands to final therapy efficacy along with current challenges and possible solutions or alternatives are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuoc Vinh Nguyen
- EA6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Katel Hervé-Aubert
- EA6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Igor Chourpa
- EA6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
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Santos Apolonio J, Lima de Souza Gonçalves V, Cordeiro Santos ML, Silva Luz M, Silva Souza JV, Rocha Pinheiro SL, de Souza WR, Sande Loureiro M, de Melo FF. Oncolytic virus therapy in cancer: A current review. World J Virol 2021; 10:229-255. [PMID: 34631474 PMCID: PMC8474975 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v10.i5.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of the advancement in the understanding about the most diverse types of cancer and consequently a relentless search for a cure and increased survival rates of cancer patients, finding a therapy that is able to combat the mechanism of aggression of this disease is extremely important. Thus, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have demonstrated great benefits in the treatment of cancer because it mediates antitumor effects in several ways. Viruses can be used to infect cancer cells, especially over normal cells, to present tumor-associated antigens, to activate "danger signals" that generate a less immune-tolerant tumor microenvironment, and to serve transduction vehicles for expression of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. The success of therapies using OVs was initially demonstrated by the use of the genetically modified herpes virus, talimogene laherparepvec, for the treatment of melanoma. At this time, several OVs are being studied as a potential treatment for cancer in clinical trials. However, it is necessary to be aware of the safety and possible adverse effects of this therapy; after all, an effective treatment for cancer should promote regression, attack the tumor, and in the meantime induce minimal systemic repercussions. In this manuscript, we will present a current review of the mechanism of action of OVs, main clinical uses, updates, and future perspectives on this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Santos Apolonio
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcel Silva Luz
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - João Victor Silva Souza
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Campus Vitória da Conquista, Vitória da Conquista 45083-900, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Wedja Rafaela de Souza
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Matheus Sande Loureiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
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Alekseenko I, Kuzmich A, Kondratyeva L, Kondratieva S, Pleshkan V, Sverdlov E. Step-by-Step Immune Activation for Suicide Gene Therapy Reinforcement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179376. [PMID: 34502287 PMCID: PMC8430744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug gene therapy (GDEPT) theoretically represents a useful method to carry out chemotherapy for cancer with minimal side effects through the formation of a chemotherapeutic agent inside cancer cells. However, despite great efforts, promising preliminary results, and a long period of time (over 25 years) since the first mention of this method, GDEPT has not yet reached the clinic. There is a growing consensus that optimal cancer therapies should generate robust tumor-specific immune responses. The advent of checkpoint immunotherapy has yielded new highly promising avenues of study in cancer therapy. For such therapy, it seems reasonable to use combinations of different immunomodulators alongside traditional methods, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as GDEPT. In this review, we focused on non-viral gene immunotherapy systems combining the intratumoral production of toxins diffused by GDEPT and immunomodulatory molecules. Special attention was paid to the applications and mechanisms of action of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM–CSF), a cytokine that is widely used but shows contradictory effects. Another method to enhance the formation of stable immune responses in a tumor, the use of danger signals, is also discussed. The process of dying from GDEPT cancer cells initiates danger signaling by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that exert immature dendritic cells by increasing antigen uptake, maturation, and antigen presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. We hypothesized that the combined action of this danger signal and GM–CSF issued from the same dying cancer cell within a limited space would focus on a limited pool of immature dendritic cells, thus acting synergistically and enhancing their maturation and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte attraction potential. We also discuss the problem of enhancing the cancer specificity of the combined GDEPT–GM–CSF–danger signal system by means of artificial cancer specific promoters or a modified delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Alekseenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (V.P.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.K.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Oncogynecology and Mammology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (E.S.)
| | - Alexey Kuzmich
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (V.P.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Liya Kondratyeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sofia Kondratieva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Victor Pleshkan
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (V.P.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Eugene Sverdlov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (E.S.)
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Farrera-Sal M, Moya-Borrego L, Bazan-Peregrino M, Alemany R. Evolving Status of Clinical Immunotherapy with Oncolytic Adenovirus. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2979-2988. [PMID: 33526422 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors shows efficacy in several human cancers, but "cold tumors" that lack immune cells are typically unresponsive. Among the potential therapeutic approaches that could "heat" or promote lymphocyte infiltration of cold tumors, oncolytic viruses have attracted interest for their lytic and immunogenic mechanisms of action. In this article, we review the use of oncolytic adenoviruses in cancer immunotherapy, with a particular focus on preclinical and clinical data of oncolytic adenovirus-triggered immune responses against tumor antigens. We also discuss parameters to consider in clinical trial design and the combination of oncolytic adenoviruses with conventional treatments or other immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Farrera-Sal
- ProCure Program, IDIBELL-Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain.,VCN Biosciences SL, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ramon Alemany
- ProCure Program, IDIBELL-Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Mato-Berciano A, Morgado S, Maliandi MV, Farrera-Sal M, Gimenez-Alejandre M, Ginestà MM, Moreno R, Torres-Manjon S, Moreno P, Arias-Badia M, Rojas LA, Capellà G, Alemany R, Cascallo M, Bazan-Peregrino M. Oncolytic adenovirus with hyaluronidase activity that evades neutralizing antibodies: VCN-11. J Control Release 2021; 332:517-528. [PMID: 33675877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor targeting and intratumoral virus spreading are key features for successful oncolytic virotherapy. VCN-11 is a novel oncolytic adenovirus, genetically modified to express hyaluronidase (PH20) and display an albumin-binding domain (ABD) on the hexon. ABD allows the virus to self-coat with albumin when entering the bloodstream and evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Here, we validate VCN-11 mechanism of action and characterize its toxicity. VCN-11 replication, hyaluronidase activity and binding to human albumin to evade NAbs was evaluated. Toxicity and efficacy of VCN-11 were assessed in mice and hamsters. Tumor targeting, and antitumor activity was analyzed in the presence of NAbs in several tumor models. VCN-11 induced 450 times more cytotoxicity in tumor cells than in normal cells. VCN-11 hyaluronidase production was confirmed by measuring PH20 activity in vitro and in virus-infected tumor areas in vivo. VCN-11 evaded NAbs from different sources and tumor targeting was demonstrated in the presence of high levels of NAbs in vivo, whereas the control virus without ABD was neutralized. VCN-11 showed a low toxicity profile in athymic nude mice and Syrian hamsters, allowing treatments with high doses and fractionated administrations without major toxicities (up to 1.2x1011vp/mouse and 7.5x1011vp/hamster). Fractionated intravenous administrations improved circulation kinetics and tumor targeting. VCN-11 antitumor efficacy was demonstrated in the presence of NAbs against Ad5 and itself. Oncolytic adenovirus VCN-11 disrupts tumor matrix and displays antitumor effects even in the presence of NAbs. These features make VCN-11 a safe promising candidate to test re-administration in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Morgado
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Martí Farrera-Sal
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Virotherapy and Immunotherapy Group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Mireia M Ginestà
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology- ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno
- Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Virotherapy and Immunotherapy Group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Silvia Torres-Manjon
- Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Virotherapy and Immunotherapy Group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Paz Moreno
- Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Luis A Rojas
- Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Virotherapy and Immunotherapy Group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gabriel Capellà
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology- ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Alemany
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Virotherapy Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Virotherapy and Immunotherapy Group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Manel Cascallo
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Species D Adenoviruses as Oncolytic Viral Vectors. Viruses 2020; 12:v12121399. [PMID: 33291224 PMCID: PMC7762200 DOI: 10.3390/v12121399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ad) have shown promising results in the therapeutic treatment of cancer. Ad type 5 (Ad5) is the most extensively utilized Ad type. However, several limitations exist to using Ad5 as an oncolytic virus, including high levels of anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies in the population, binding of the Ad5 hexon to blood coagulation factor X leading to liver sequestration and toxicity, and reduced expression of the primary receptor CAR on many tumors. Here, we use in vitro methods to explore the oncolytic potential of four alternative Ad types (Ad26, 28, 45, and 48) belonging to the species D Ad subgroup and developed replication-competent species D Ads expressing the human sodium iodide symporter protein (hNIS) for combination radiovirotherapy. We evaluated the species D Ad vectors transduction, replication, cytotoxicity, and gene expression in six different cancer cell lines. Species D Ads showed the greatest transduction and cytotoxic killing in the SKBR3 breast cancer cells, followed by 293, A549, and HepG2 cells, however the cytotoxicity was less than the wild type Ad5 virus. In contrast, species D Ads showed limited transduction and cytotoxicity in the Hela and SKOV3 cancer cell lines. These species D Ad vectors also successfully expressed the hNIS gene during infection leading to increased iodide uptake in multiple cancer cell lines. These results, the low seroprevalence of anti-species D antibodies, and the lack of binding to blood coagulation FX, support further exploration of species D Ads as alternative oncolytic adenoviruses against multiple types of cancer.
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23
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Hulin-Curtis SL, Davies JA, Nestić D, Bates EA, Baker AT, Cunliffe TG, Majhen D, Chester JD, Parker AL. Identification of folate receptor α (FRα) binding oligopeptides and their evaluation for targeted virotherapy applications. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:785-798. [PMID: 31902944 PMCID: PMC7661341 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapies (OV) based on human adenoviral (HAdV) vectors hold significant promise for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancers where local, intraperitoneal delivery to tumour metastases is feasible, bypassing many complexities associated with intravascular delivery. The efficacy of HAdV-C5-based OV is hampered by a lack of tumour selectivity, where the primary receptor, hCAR, is commonly downregulated during malignant transformation. Conversely, folate receptor alpha (FRα) is highly expressed on ovarian cancer cells, providing a compelling target for tumour selective delivery of virotherapies. Here, we identify high-affinity FRα-binding oligopeptides for genetic incorporation into HAdV-C5 vectors. Biopanning identified a 12-mer linear peptide, DWSSWVYRDPQT, and two 7-mer cysteine-constrained peptides, CIGNSNTLC and CTVRTSAEC that bound FRα in the context of the phage particle. Synthesised lead peptide, CTVRTSAEC, bound specifically to FRα and could be competitively inhibited with folic acid. To assess the capacity of the elucidated FRα-binding oligopeptides to target OV to FRα, we genetically incorporated the peptides into the HAdV-C5 fiber-knob HI loop including in vectors genetically ablated for hCAR interactions. Unfortunately, the recombinant vectors failed to efficiently target transduction via FRα due to defective intracellular trafficking following entry via FRα, indicating that whilst the peptides identified may have potential for applications for targeted drug delivery, they require additional refinement for targeted virotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Hulin-Curtis
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James A Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Davor Nestić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emily A Bates
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alexander T Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Tabitha G Cunliffe
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - John D Chester
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch, Cardiff, CF14 2TL, UK
| | - Alan L Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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24
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Rodriguez-Vidal C, Fernandez-Diaz D, Fernandez-Marta B, Lago-Baameiro N, Pardo M, Silva P, Paniagua L, Blanco-Teijeiro MJ, Piñeiro A, Bande M. Treatment of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2557. [PMID: 32911759 PMCID: PMC7565536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 50% of patients with uveal melanoma end up developing metastases. Currently, there is no standard first-line treatment that facilitates proper management of the metastatic disease. METHODS A systematic review of the last 40 years in PubMed with an exhaustive and strict selection of studies was conducted, in which the unit of measurement was overall survival (OS) expressed in Kaplan-Meier curves or numerically. RESULTS After the selection process, 110 articles were included. Regional therapies, such as intra-arterial liver chemotherapy (OS: 2, 9-22 months), isolated liver perfusion (OS: 9, 6-27, 4 months), or selective internal radiation therapy (OS: 18 months in monotherapy and 26 months in combination with other therapies) showed some superiority when compared to systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy (OS: 4, 6-17 months), immunotherapy (OS: 5-19, 1 month), immunosuppression (OS: 11 months), or targeted therapy (OS: 6-12 months), without being significant. CONCLUSIONS The results of this review suggest that there are no important differences in OS when comparing the different current treatment modalities. Most of the differences found seem to be explained by the heterogenicity of the different studies and the presence of biases in their design, rather than actual extensions of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Vidal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Cruces, Cruces Plaza S/N, 48903 Barakaldo-Vizcaya, Spain;
| | - Daniel Fernandez-Diaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Marta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
| | - Nerea Lago-Baameiro
- Grupo Obesidómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - María Pardo
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
- Grupo Obesidómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Paula Silva
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Paniagua
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Coruña, Praza Parrote s/n, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - María José Blanco-Teijeiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Antonio Piñeiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Manuel Bande
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
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25
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Georgi F, Greber UF. The Adenovirus Death Protein - a small membrane protein controls cell lysis and disease. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1861-1878. [PMID: 32472693 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause widespread acute and persistent infections. Infections are usually mild and controlled by humoral and cell-based immunity. Reactivation of persistently infected immune cells can lead to a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals, especially children and transplant recipients. To date, no effective therapy or vaccine against HAdV disease is available to the public. HAdV-C2 and C5 are the best-studied of more than 100 HAdV types. They persist in infected cells and release their progeny by host cell lysis to neighbouring cells and fluids, a process facilitated by the adenovirus death protein (ADP). ADP consists of about 100 amino acids and harbours a single membrane-spanning domain. It undergoes post-translational processing in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments, before localizing to the inner nuclear membrane. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on how ADP induces membrane rupture. Membrane rupture is essential for both progression of disease and efficacy of therapeutic viruses in clinical applications, in particular oncolytic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Georgi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Rashid F, Xie Z, Zhang L, Luan Y, Luo S, Deng X, Xie L, Xie Z, Fan Q. Genetic characterization of fowl aviadenovirus 4 isolates from Guangxi, China, during 2017-2019. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4166-4173. [PMID: 32867960 PMCID: PMC7598004 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) is a severe disease that causes 20 to 80% mortality in chickens aged 3 to 6 wk. Fowl aviadenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) plays an important role in the etiology of HHS. Since 2015, outbreaks of HHS have been reported in several provinces of China; however, details regarding the FAdV-4 genome properties are lacking. In the present study, the complete genomes of 9 isolates responsible for these outbreaks in Guangxi Province, China, were sequenced. To investigate the molecular characteristics of these FAdV-4 isolates, we compared their genomes with those of other reported pathogenic and nonpathogenic FAdV-4 isolates. A variable number of GA repeats were observed in the isolates of this study. Each of the isolates GX2017-01, GX2017-02, GX2018-08, and GX2019-09 had 11 GA repeats; GX2017-03, GX2017-04, and GX2017-05 each had 10 GA repeats, while GX2017-06 and GX2018-07 each had 8 GA repeats. We observed several deletions and distinct amino acid mutations in the major structural genes of these isolates when compared with non-Chinese isolates. We found 2 novel putative genetic markers in the hexon protein, one present in GX2017-02, in which aspartic acid (D) was changed to tyrosine (Y), and another present in each of isolates GX2018-08 and GX2019-09, in which serine (S) was changed to arginine (R), when compared with selected Chinese and some non-Chinese isolates. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the isolates of this study were clustered within FAdV-C. We found that these isolates were closely related to other recently isolated Chinese strains. The data presented in this study will not only increase the understanding of the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of FAdV-4 isolates in China but also has an important reference value of the major factors that determine the virulence of FAdV-4 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Rashid
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yongjiao Luan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Sisi Luo
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Xianwen Deng
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Liji Xie
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiqin Xie
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China; Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning, China
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27
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Zhang Y, Liu Z. Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Tumor: Current Clinical Status. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4251-4263. [PMID: 31682207 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191104090544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses, as novel biological anti-tumor agents, provide anti-tumor therapeutic effects by different mechanisms including directly selective tumor cell lysis and secondary systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Some wide-type and genetically engineered oncolytic viruses have been applied in clinical trials. Among them, T-Vec has a significant therapeutic effect on melanoma patients and received the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the first oncolytic virus to treat cancer in the US. However, the mechanisms of virus interaction with tumor and immune systems have not been clearly elucidated and there are still no "gold standards" for instructions of virotherapy in clinical trials. This Review collected the recent clinical trials data from 2005 to summarize the basic oncolytic viruses biology, describe the application in recent clinical trials, and discuss the challenges in the application of oncolytic viruses in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoming Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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28
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López González M, van de Ven R, de Haan H, van Eck van der Sluijs J, Dong W, van Beusechem VW, de Gruijl TD. Oncolytic adenovirus ORCA-010 increases the type 1 T cell stimulatory capacity of melanoma-conditioned dendritic cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:145-160. [PMID: 32301504 PMCID: PMC7366753 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has resulted in durable responses in patients with metastatic melanoma, but only in a fraction of treated patients. For immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) to be effective, sufficient infiltration with tumor‐reactive T cells is essential. Oncolytic viruses (OV) selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells and so induce an immunogenic form of cell death, providing at once a source of tumor‐associated (neo)antigens and of danger signals that together induce effective T cell immunity and tumor infiltration. Melanoma‐associated suppression of dendritic cell (DC) differentiation effectively hampers OV‐ or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)‐induced anti‐tumor immunity, due to a consequent inability to prime and attract anti‐tumor effector T cells. Here, we set out to study the effect of ORCA‐010, a clinical stage oncolytic adenovirus, on DC differentiation and functionality in the context of human melanoma. In melanoma and monocyte co‐cultures, employing a panel of five melanoma cell lines with varying origins and oncogenic mutation status, we observed clear suppression of DC development with apparent skewing of monocyte differentiation to a more M2‐macrophage‐like state. We established the ability of ORCA‐010 to productively infect and lyse the melanoma cells. Moreover, although ORCA‐010 was unable to restore DC differentiation, it induced activation and an increased co‐stimulatory capacity of monocyte‐derived antigen‐presenting cells. Their subsequent ability to prime effector T cells with a type I cytokine profile was significantly increased in an allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction. Our findings suggest that ORCA‐010 is a valuable immunotherapeutic agent for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M López González
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R van de Ven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Otolaryngology/Head-Neck Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H de Haan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J van Eck van der Sluijs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Dong
- ORCA Therapeutics, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - V W van Beusechem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,ORCA Therapeutics, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - T D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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29
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Gorbet MJ, Ranjan A. Cancer immunotherapy with immunoadjuvants, nanoparticles, and checkpoint inhibitors: Recent progress and challenges in treatment and tracking response to immunotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107456. [PMID: 31863820 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation are accepted as the preferred treatment modalities against cancer, but in recent years the use of immunotherapeutic approaches has gained prominence as the fourth treatment modality in cancer patients. In this approach, a patient's innate and adaptive immune systems are activated to achieve clearance of occult cancerous cells. In this review, we discuss the preclinical and clinical immunotherapeutic (e.g., immunoadjuvants (in-situ vaccines, oncolytic viruses, CXC antagonists, device activated agents), organic and inorganic nanoparticles, and checkpoint blockade) that are under investigation for cancer therapy and diagnostics. Additionally, the innovations in imaging of immune cells for tracking therapeutic responses and limitations (e.g., toxicity, inefficient immunomodulation, etc.) are described. Existing data suggest that if immune therapy is optimized, it can be a real and potentially paradigm-shifting cancer treatment frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael-Joseph Gorbet
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA.
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30
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Baker AT, Mundy RM, Davies JA, Rizkallah PJ, Parker AL. Human adenovirus type 26 uses sialic acid-bearing glycans as a primary cell entry receptor. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax3567. [PMID: 31517055 PMCID: PMC6726447 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviruses are clinically important agents. They cause respiratory distress, gastroenteritis, and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. As non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses, they are easily manipulated, making them popular vectors for therapeutic applications, including vaccines. Species D adenovirus type 26 (HAdV-D26) is both a cause of EKC and other diseases and a promising vaccine vector. HAdV-D26-derived vaccines are under investigation as protective platforms against HIV, Zika, and respiratory syncytial virus infections and are in phase 3 clinical trials for Ebola. We recently demonstrated that HAdV-D26 does not use CD46 or Desmoglein-2 as entry receptors, while the putative interaction with coxsackie and adenovirus receptor is low affinity and unlikely to represent the primary cell receptor. Here, we establish sialic acid as a primary entry receptor used by HAdV-D26. We demonstrate that removal of cell surface sialic acid inhibits HAdV-D26 infection, and provide a high-resolution crystal structure of HAdV-D26 fiber-knob in complex with sialic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rosie M. Mundy
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James A. Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Pierre J. Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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31
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Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine. Viruses 2019; 11:v11070627. [PMID: 31288442 PMCID: PMC6669483 DOI: 10.3390/v11070627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since mid-2015, numerous outbreaks of hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS), which is caused by a novel fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), have been reported in chickens in parts of China, thereby causing huge economic losses to the poultry industry. Thus, an effective vaccine to control the further spread of infections with this hyper-virulent FAdV-4 is imperative. In this study, we isolated a novel FAdV-4 strain SDJN0105 from a broiler farm with HHS disease in Shandong Province. Pathogenicity was evaluated by the observation of clinical symptoms, necropsy changes, and pathological tissue sections after oral and intramuscular (IM) infection of Specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. The chickens infected by IM injection all died within three days, and chickens infected via the oculonasal route died within five days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological examination revealed that the pathology was confined to heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and particularly the liver. Irrespective of the inoculation route, the highest viral DNA copy numbers were detected in the livers of infected chickens. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFNs, TNF-α, Mx, and OASL were significantly upregulated during the viral infection. In addition, an inactivated oil-emulsion FAdV-4 vaccine was developed. The vaccine could provide full protection for SPF chickens against a lethal dose of the FAdV-4 strain SDJN0105 and a high level of antibodies. These results improve our understanding of the innate immune responses in chickens infected with FAdV-4 and the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 caused by host factors, and the developed FAdV-4 vaccine is promising as a drug candidate for the prevention and reduction of the spread of HHS in poultry in China.
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Overcoming the limitations of locally administered oncolytic virotherapy. BMC Biomed Eng 2019; 1:17. [PMID: 32903299 PMCID: PMC7422506 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-019-0016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) has been most extensively evaluated gene transfer vector in clinical trials due to facile production in high viral titer, highly efficient transduction, and proven safety record. Similarly, an oncolytic Ad, which replicates selectively in cancer cells through genetic modifications, is actively being evaluated in various phases of clinical trials as a promising next generation therapeutic against cancer. Most of these trials with oncolytic Ads to date have employed intratumoral injection as the standard administration route. Although these locally administered oncolytic Ads have shown promising outcomes, the therapeutic efficacy is not yet optimal due to poor intratumoral virion retention, nonspecific shedding of virion to normal organs, variable infection efficacy due to heterogeneity of tumor cells, adverse antiviral immune response, and short biological activity of oncolytic viruses in situ. These inherent problems associated with locally administered Ad also holds true for other oncolytic viral vectors. Thus, this review will aim to discuss various nanomaterial-based delivery strategies to improve the intratumoral administration efficacy of oncolytic Ad as well as other types of oncolytic viruses.
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Lv P, Liu X, Chen X, Liu C, Zhang Y, Chu C, Wang J, Wang X, Chen X, Liu G. Genetically Engineered Cell Membrane Nanovesicles for Oncolytic Adenovirus Delivery: A Versatile Platform for Cancer Virotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2993-3001. [PMID: 30964695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, various oncolytic adenoviruses (OA) are being explored in both preclinical and clinical virotherapy. However, the pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and poor targeting delivery are major obstacles for systemically administered OA. Therefore, we designed bioengineered cell membrane nanovesicles (BCMNs) that harbor targeting ligands to achieve robust antiviral immune shielding and targeting capabilities for oncolytic virotherapy. We employed two distinct biomimetic synthetic approaches: the first is based on in vitro genetic membrane engineering to embed targeting ligands on the cell membrane, and the second is based on in vivo expression of CRISPR-engineered targeting ligands on red-blood-cell membranes. The results indicate that both bioengineering approaches preserve the infectivity and replication capacity of OA in the presence of nAbs, in vitro and in vivo. Notably, OA@BCMNs demonstrated a significant suppression of the induced innate and adaptive immune responses against OA. Enhanced targeting delivery, viral oncolysis, and survival benefits in multiple xenograft models were observed without overt toxicity. These findings reveal that OA@BCMNs may provide a clinical basis for improving oncolytic virotherapy by overcoming undesired antiviral immunity and enhancing cancer cell selectivity via biomimetic synthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) , National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
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Baker AT, Greenshields-Watson A, Coughlan L, Davies JA, Uusi-Kerttula H, Cole DK, Rizkallah PJ, Parker AL. Diversity within the adenovirus fiber knob hypervariable loops influences primary receptor interactions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:741. [PMID: 30765704 PMCID: PMC6376029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08599-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus based vectors are of increasing importance for wide ranging therapeutic applications. As vaccines, vectors derived from human adenovirus species D serotypes 26 and 48 (HAdV-D26/48) are demonstrating promising efficacy as protective platforms against infectious diseases. Significant clinical progress has been made, yet definitive studies underpinning mechanisms of entry, infection, and receptor usage are currently lacking. Here, we perform structural and biological analysis of the receptor binding fiber-knob protein of HAdV-D26/48, reporting crystal structures, and modelling putative interactions with two previously suggested attachment receptors, CD46 and Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR). We provide evidence of a low affinity interaction with CAR, with modelling suggesting affinity is attenuated through extended, semi-flexible loop structures, providing steric hindrance. Conversely, in silico and in vitro experiments are unable to provide evidence of interaction between HAdV-D26/48 fiber-knob with CD46, or with Desmoglein 2. Our findings provide insight into the cell-virus interactions of HAdV-D26/48, with important implications for the design and engineering of optimised Ad-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | | | - Lynda Coughlan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
| | - James A Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Hanni Uusi-Kerttula
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - David K Cole
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.,Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OX14 4RY, Oxon, UK
| | - Pierre J Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alan L Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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Goradel NH, Mohajel N, Malekshahi ZV, Jahangiri S, Najafi M, Farhood B, Mortezaee K, Negahdari B, Arashkia A. Oncolytic adenovirus: A tool for cancer therapy in combination with other therapeutic approaches. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8636-8646. [PMID: 30515798 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy using oncolytic viruses is an emerging area, in which viruses are engineered to selectively propagate in tumor tissues without affecting healthy cells. Because of the advantages that adenoviruses (Ads) have over other viruses, they are more considered. To achieve tumor selectivity, two main modifications on Ads genome have been applied: small deletions and insertion of tissue- or tumor-specific promoters. Despite oncolytic adenoviruses ability in tumor cell lysis and immune responses stimulation, to further increase their antitumor effects, genomic modifications have been carried out including insertion of checkpoint inhibitors and antigenic or immunostimulatory molecules into the adenovirus genome and combination with dendritic cells and chemotherapeutic agents. This study reviews oncolytic adenoviruses structures, their antitumor efficacy in combination with other therapeutic strategies, and finally challenges around this treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasir Mohajel
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Jahangiri
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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García M, Moreno R, Gil-Martin M, Cascallò M, de Olza MO, Cuadra C, Piulats JM, Navarro V, Domenech M, Alemany R, Salazar R. A Phase 1 Trial of Oncolytic Adenovirus ICOVIR-5 Administered Intravenously to Cutaneous and Uveal Melanoma Patients. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 30:352-364. [PMID: 30234393 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses represent a unique type of agents that combine self-amplification, lytic, and immunostimulatory properties against tumors. A local and locoregional clinical benefit has been demonstrated upon intratumoral injections of an oncolytic herpes virus in melanoma patients, leading to its approval in the United States and Europe for patients without visceral disease (up to stage IVM1a). However, in order to debulk and change the local immunosuppressive environment of tumors that cannot be injected directly, oncolyitc viruses need to be administered systemically. Among different viruses, adenovirus has been extensively used in clinical trials but with few evidences of activity upon systemic administration. Preclinical efficacy of a single intravenous administration of our oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR5, an adenovirus type 5 responsive to the retinoblastoma pathway commonly deregulated in tumors, led us to use this virus in a dose-escalation phase 1 trial in metastatic melanoma patients. The results in 12 patients treated with a single infusion of a dose up to 1 × 1013 viral particles show that ICOVIR5 can reach melanoma metastases upon a single intravenous administration but fails to induce tumor regressions. These results support the systemic administration of armed oncolytic viruses to treat disseminated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita García
- 1 Clinical Research Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno
- 2 ProCure and Oncobell Programs, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gil-Martin
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Oncobell Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Cascallò
- 2 ProCure and Oncobell Programs, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.,4 VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Ochoa de Olza
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Oncobell Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Cuadra
- 1 Clinical Research Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Piulats
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Oncobell Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentin Navarro
- 1 Clinical Research Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Domenech
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Oncobell Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Alemany
- 2 ProCure and Oncobell Programs, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Salazar
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Oncobell Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
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37
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Ali AA, Halldén G. Development of Oncolytic Adenoviruses for the Management of Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.73515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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38
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Garcia M, Moreno R, Gil M, Cascallo M, de Olza MO, Cuadra C, Piulat JM, Navarro V, Domenech M, Alemany R, Salazar R. A phase I trial of oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR-5 administered intravenously to melanoma patients. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/humc.2018.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Garcia
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Clinical Research Unit, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, ProCure and Oncobell Programs, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Marta Gil
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Department of Medical Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Manel Cascallo
- VCN Biosciences, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Ochoa de Olza
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Department of Medical Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Carmen Cuadra
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Clinical Research Unit, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Piulat
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Department of Medical Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Valentin Navarro
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Clinical Research Unit, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Marta Domenech
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Department of Medical Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Ramon Alemany
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, ProCure and Oncobell Programs, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Ramon Salazar
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, Department of Medical Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
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39
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Hagedorn C, Kreppel F. Capsid Engineering of Adenovirus Vectors: Overcoming Early Vector-Host Interactions for Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 28:820-832. [PMID: 28854810 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus-based vectors comprise the most frequently used vector type in clinical studies to date. Both intense lab research and insights from the clinical trials reveal the importance of a comprehensive understanding of vector-host interactions. Especially for systemic intravenous adenovirus vector delivery, it is paramount to develop safe and efficacious vectors. Very early vector-host interactions that take place in blood long before the first cell is being transduced are phenomena triggered by the surface, shape, and size of the adenovirus vector particles. Not surprisingly, a multitude of different technologies ranging from genetics to chemistry has been developed to alter the adenovirus vector surface. In this review, we discuss the most important technologies and evaluate them for their suitability to overcome hurdles imposed by early vector-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hagedorn
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
| | - Florian Kreppel
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
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40
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Disassembling a cancer puzzle: Cell junctions and plasma membrane as targets for anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2018; 286:125-136. [PMID: 30030181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite an enhanced permeability and retention effect typical of many solid tumors, drug penetration is not always sufficient. Possible strategies for the drug delivery improvement are a modification of the tumor cell-to-cell junctions and usage of cell membrane permeabilization proteins. In this review we discuss epithelial cell junctions as targets for a combined anticancer therapy and propose new possible sources of such agents. We suggest considering viral and bacterial pathogens disrupting epithelial layers as plentiful sources of new therapeutic agents for increasing tumor permeability for other effector agents. We also observe the application of pore forming proteins and peptides of different origin for cytoplasmic delivery of anti-cancer agents and consider the main obstacles of their use in vivo.
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41
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Oncolytic virotherapy – A novel strategy for cancer therapy. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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42
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Baker AT, Aguirre-Hernández C, Halldén G, Parker AL. Designer Oncolytic Adenovirus: Coming of Age. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E201. [PMID: 29904022 PMCID: PMC6025169 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The licensing of talimogene laherparepvec (T-Vec) represented a landmark moment for oncolytic virotherapy, since it provided unequivocal evidence for the long-touted potential of genetically modified replicating viruses as anti-cancer agents. Whilst T-Vec is promising as a locally delivered virotherapy, especially in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, the quest continues for a virus capable of specific tumour cell killing via systemic administration. One candidate is oncolytic adenovirus (Ad); it’s double stranded DNA genome is easily manipulated and a wide range of strategies and technologies have been employed to empower the vector with improved pharmacokinetics and tumour targeting ability. As well characterised clinical and experimental agents, we have detailed knowledge of adenoviruses’ mechanisms of pathogenicity, supported by detailed virological studies and in vivo interactions. In this review we highlight the strides made in the engineering of bespoke adenoviral vectors to specifically infect, replicate within, and destroy tumour cells. We discuss how mutations in genes regulating adenoviral replication after cell entry can be used to restrict replication to the tumour, and summarise how detailed knowledge of viral capsid interactions enable rational modification to eliminate native tropisms, and simultaneously promote active uptake by cancerous tissues. We argue that these designer-viruses, exploiting the viruses natural mechanisms and regulated at every level of replication, represent the ideal platforms for local overexpression of therapeutic transgenes such as immunomodulatory agents. Where T-Vec has paved the way, Ad-based vectors now follow. The era of designer oncolytic virotherapies looks decidedly as though it will soon become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Carmen Aguirre-Hernández
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Gunnel Halldén
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Alan L Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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43
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Hulin-Curtis SL, Davies JA, Jones R, Hudson E, Hanna L, Chester JD, Parker AL. Histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A sensitises cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to oncolytic adenovirus. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26328-26341. [PMID: 29899862 PMCID: PMC5995174 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is often termed a silent killer due to the late onset of symptoms. Whilst patients initially respond to chemotherapy, they rapidly develop chemo-resistance. Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are promising anti-cancer agents engineered to "hijack" the unique molecular machinery of cancer cells enabling tumour-selective viral replication. This allows spread to adjacent cells and amplification of oncolysis within the tumour. OAds represent an excellent opportunity for ovarian cancer therapy via intra-peritoneal delivery, however the efficacy of OAds thus far is limited. Here, we evaluate chromatin (histone) modification in chemo-resistant cells and its relationship to Ad efficacy (wild-type or oncolytic Ad). In contrast to cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cells that show an efficient reduction of cell viability by Ad in the presence of cisplatin, cisplatin-resistant A2780/cp70 cells show diminishing Ad-mediated reduction of cell viability with escalating doses of cisplatin. Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-2 and to a lesser extent HDAC1 were up-regulated in cisplatin-resistant but not cisplatin-sensitive cells. Cisplatin-resistant cells treated with a pan-HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TsA) significantly enhanced Ad-mediated reduction of cell viability in the presence of cisplatin. Cells treated with TsA alone did not reduce cell viability suggesting these findings are Ad-dependent. Thus, we identify HDAC inhibition as a potential means to sensitise cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to virotherapies, an observation that may offer improved outcomes for patients with late stage, chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Hulin-Curtis
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James A. Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rachel Jones
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch, Cardiff, CF14, 2TL, UK
| | - Emma Hudson
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch, Cardiff, CF14, 2TL, UK
| | - Louise Hanna
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch, Cardiff, CF14, 2TL, UK
| | - John D. Chester
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch, Cardiff, CF14, 2TL, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
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44
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Uusi-Kerttula H, Davies JA, Thompson JM, Wongthida P, Evgin L, Shim KG, Bradshaw A, Baker AT, Rizkallah PJ, Jones R, Hanna L, Hudson E, Vile RG, Chester JD, Parker AL. Ad5 NULL-A20: A Tropism-Modified, αvβ6 Integrin-Selective Oncolytic Adenovirus for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Therapies. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:4215-4224. [PMID: 29798908 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Virotherapies are maturing in the clinical setting. Adenoviruses (Ad) are excellent vectors for the manipulability and tolerance of transgenes. Poor tumor selectivity, off-target sequestration, and immune inactivation hamper clinical efficacy. We sought to completely redesign Ad5 into a refined, tumor-selective virotherapy targeted to αvβ6 integrin, which is expressed in a range of aggressively transformed epithelial cancers but nondetectable in healthy tissues.Experimental Design: Ad5NULL-A20 harbors mutations in each major capsid protein to preclude uptake via all native pathways. Tumor-tropism via αvβ6 targeting was achieved by genetic insertion of A20 peptide (NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART) within the fiber knob protein. The vector's selectivity in vitro and in vivo was assessed.Results: The tropism-ablating triple mutation completely blocked all native cell entry pathways of Ad5NULL-A20 via coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), αvβ3/5 integrins, and coagulation factor 10 (FX). Ad5NULL-A20 efficiently and selectively transduced αvβ6+ cell lines and primary clinical ascites-derived EOC ex vivo, including in the presence of preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity. In vivo biodistribution of Ad5NULL-A20 following systemic delivery in non-tumor-bearing mice was significantly reduced in all off-target organs, including a remarkable 107-fold reduced genome accumulation in the liver compared with Ad5. Tumor uptake, transgene expression, and efficacy were confirmed in a peritoneal SKOV3 xenograft model of human EOC, where oncolytic Ad5NULL-A20-treated animals demonstrated significantly improved survival compared with those treated with oncolytic Ad5.Conclusions: Oncolytic Ad5NULL-A20 virotherapies represent an excellent vector for local and systemic targeting of αvβ6-overexpressing cancers and exciting platforms for tumor-selective overexpression of therapeutic anticancer modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4215-24. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanni Uusi-Kerttula
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - James A Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jill M Thompson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Laura Evgin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin G Shim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Angela Bradshaw
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander T Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre J Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Jones
- South West Wales Cancer Institute, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma Hudson
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G Vile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John D Chester
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Alan L Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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45
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Cheng T, Song Y, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Yin J, Chi Y, Zhou D. A novel oncolytic adenovirus based on simian adenovirus serotype 24. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26871-26885. [PMID: 28460470 PMCID: PMC5432303 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the oncolytic virotherapy, an emerging treatment for tumor, adenoviruses are widely used at present in preclinical and clinical trials. Traditionally, oncolytic adenoviruses were developed based on the human adenovirus serotype 5 (AdHu5). However, AdHu5 has the drawbacks of preexisting anti-AdHu5 immunity in most populations, and extensive sequestration of Adhu5 by the liver through hexon, blood coagulation factor X (FX), and FX receptor interactions. To tackle these problems, we explored a novel oncolytic adenovirus AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 for cancer treatment. AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 was constructed by replacing the E1A promoter with tumor specific promoter survivin promoter and deleting E3 region using direct cloning methods based on simian adenovirus serotype 24 (namely AdC7). We showed that AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 significantly killed tumor cell lines NCI-H508 and Huh7, and inhibited tumor growth in both NCI-H508 and Huh7 xenograft tumor models. Importantly, AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 exhibited the antitumor efficacy via systemic administration. Mechanistically, infected cells were killed by AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 via the p53-independent mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in which phosphorylation of BAD markedly declined and the expresses of Bik significantly went up. Therefore, AdC7-SP/E1A-ΔE3 is a promising candidate for liver and colon tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cheng
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jieyun Yin
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yudan Chi
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
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46
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Guan R, Tian Y, Han X, Yang X, Wang H. Complete genome sequence and pathogenicity of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 involved in hydropericardium syndrome in Southwest China. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:290-298. [PMID: 29427711 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since 2015, an emerging infectious disease of inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome (IBH-HPS) has been occurred in China, which caused economic loss in poultry farming. In this study, we isolated four fowl adenovirus strains from flocks with an outbreak of HPS. The complete nucleotide sequence of SC-Neijiang was determined and its pathogenicity was evaluated. Phylogenetic analysis based on hexon gene revealed that all the isolates belonged to fowl adenovirus serotype 4. The full genome sequence of SC-Neijiang has a size of 43,719 bp, with 54.85% G + C content. Compared with JSJ13, 11-amino-acid deletion at the ORF29 was appeared on SC-Neijiang. In infectious experiments, 80% (16/20) birds died in intramuscular route and lesions characteristic for Hydropericardium Syndrome (HPS), while 5% (1/20) birds died in nasal route. The viral DNA was further detected by real-time PCR in several chicken organs. The highest titers were recorded in all the organs at day 5 post-infection. To our knowledge, this is first report on the prevalence of fowl adenovirus in Southwest China. This research elucidated the characteristics of genome sequence and pathogenicity of Chinese FAdV-4 strain and provided theoretical support for the prevention and control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Guan
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and Environment Protection of Southwestern China, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Yiming Tian
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and Environment Protection of Southwestern China, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and Environment Protection of Southwestern China, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and Environment Protection of Southwestern China, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Hongning Wang
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and Environment Protection of Southwestern China, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
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47
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Uusi-Kerttula H, Davies J, Coughlan L, Hulin-Curtis S, Jones R, Hanna L, Chester JD, Parker AL. Pseudotyped αvβ6 integrin-targeted adenovirus vectors for ovarian cancer therapies. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27926-37. [PMID: 27056886 PMCID: PMC5053699 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Encouraging results from recent clinical trials are revitalizing the field of oncolytic virotherapies. Human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5/Ad5) is a common vector for its ease of manipulation, high production titers and capacity to transduce multiple cell types. However, effective clinical applications are hindered by poor tumor-selectivity and vector neutralization. We generated Ad5/kn48 by pseudotyping Ad5 with the fiber knob domain from the less seroprevalent HAdV-D48 (Ad48). The vector was shown to utilize coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) but not CD46 for cell entry. A 20-amino acid peptide NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART (A20) was inserted into the Ad5. Luc HI loop (Ad5.HI.A20) and Ad5/kn48 DG loop (Ad5/kn48.DG.A20) to target a prognostic cancer cell marker, αvβ6 integrin. Relative to the Ad5.Luc parent vector, Ad5.HI.A20, Ad5.KO1.HI.A20 (KO1, ablated CAR-binding) and Ad5/kn48.DG.A20 showed ~ 160-, 270- and 180-fold increased transduction in BT-20 breast carcinoma cells (αvβ6high). Primary human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cultures derived from clinical ascites provided a useful ex vivo model for intraperitoneal virotherapy. Ad5.HI.A20, Ad5.KO1.HI.A20 and Ad5/kn48.DG.A20 transduction was ~ 70-, 60- and 16-fold increased relative to Ad5.Luc in EOC cells (αvβ6high), respectively. A20 vectors transduced EOC cells at up to ~ 950-fold higher efficiency in the presence of neutralizing ovarian ascites, as compared to Ad5.Luc. Efficient transduction and enhanced cancer-selectivity via a non-native αvβ6-mediated route was demonstrated, even in the presence of pre-existing anti-Ad5 immunity. Consequently, αvβ6-targeted Ad vectors may represent a promising platform for local intraperitoneal treatment of ovarian cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanni Uusi-Kerttula
- Department of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James Davies
- Department of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Lynda Coughlan
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah Hulin-Curtis
- Department of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | | | | | - John D Chester
- Department of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.,Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff CF14 2TL, UK
| | - Alan L Parker
- Department of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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48
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Irwin CR, Hitt MM, Evans DH. Targeting Nucleotide Biosynthesis: A Strategy for Improving the Oncolytic Potential of DNA Viruses. Front Oncol 2017; 7:229. [PMID: 29018771 PMCID: PMC5622948 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of tumors depends upon elevated levels of dNTPs, and while dNTP concentrations are tightly regulated in normal cells, this control is often lost in transformed cells. This feature of cancer cells has been used to advantage to develop oncolytic DNA viruses. DNA viruses employ many different mechanisms to increase dNTP levels in infected cells, because the low concentration of dNTPs found in non-cycling cells can inhibit virus replication. By disrupting the virus-encoded gene(s) that normally promote dNTP biosynthesis, one can assemble oncolytic versions of these agents that replicate selectively in cancer cells. This review covers the pathways involved in dNTP production, how they are dysregulated in cancer cells, and the various approaches that have been used to exploit this biology to improve the tumor specificity of oncolytic viruses. In particular, we compare and contrast the ways that the different types of oncolytic virus candidates can directly modulate these processes. We limit our review to the large DNA viruses that naturally encode homologs of the cellular enzymes that catalyze dNTP biogenesis. Lastly, we consider how this knowledge might guide future development of oncolytic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad R Irwin
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mary M Hitt
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David H Evans
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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49
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Boisgerault N, Grégoire M, Fonteneau JF. Viral cancer therapies: are they ready for combination with other immunotherapies? Future Oncol 2017; 13:1569-1571. [PMID: 28776392 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Grégoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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50
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Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus expressing TRAIL suppresses peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. Gene Ther 2017; 24:199-207. [PMID: 28075429 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination is the most common condition of metastasis in gastric cancer. The survival duration of a patient with advanced stage gastric cancer, may be improved by gene therapy. In this study, we used an oncolytic adenovirus vector (Ad/TRAIL-E1) that expresses both the TRAIL and E1A genes under the control of a tumor-specific promoter. We evaluated the anti-tumor effect of Ad/TRAIL-E1 on gastric cancer cells in vitro, as well as in vivo in a xenograft peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse model. Our data showed that Ad/TRAIL-E1 induced TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cell lines, but not in the normal cell lines. In addition, Ad/TRAIL-E1 significantly inhibited peritoneal metastasis and prolonged the survival of mice without treatment-related toxicity. Therefore, tumor-specific TRAIL expression from an oncolytic adenovirus vector may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of advance stage gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination.
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