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Guillien A, Niespodziana K, Mauclin M, Boudier A, Varraso R, Leynaert B, Dumas O, Le Moual N, Schlederer T, Bajic M, Borochova K, Errhalt P, Vernet R, Nadif R, Bousquet J, Bouzigon E, Valenta R, Siroux V. Determinants of immunoglobulin G responses to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in children and adults. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355214. [PMID: 38500884 PMCID: PMC10945029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exposure to respiratory viruses is a significant cause of morbidity and affects virus-specific antibody levels. Little is known about determinants associated with immune response to these viruses. We aimed to investigate the determinants of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)- and rhinovirus (RV)- specific IgG responses in both children and adults. Methods The study is based on the EGEA cohort, composed of 530 samples of children in EGEA1 (1991-95) and 1241 samples of adults in EGEA2 (2003-07). Cumulative RV-specific IgG levels (species A, B and C) and IgG levels to RSV-G protein were measured by using micro-array technoloy. Multiple linear mixed models (random effect to account for familial dependence) were performed to assess associations between age, sex, body mass index (BMI), tobacco smoke exposure and season of blood sampling with RSV-and RV-specific IgG levels. Results In children (11.1 ± 2.8 years old, 57% boys), higher RV-specific IgG levels were associated with older age (only for RV-B), female sex and lower BMI, while only older age was associated with higher RSV-specific IgG levels. In adults (43.5 ± 16.7 years old, 48% men), younger age, female sex, lower BMI, active smoking and all seasons except summer were associated with higher RV-specific IgG levels. Older age, active smoking and all seasons except summer were associated with higher RSV-specific IgG levels. Conclusion Personal and seasonal determinants of RSV- and RV-specific IgG levels seem to vary according to the respiratory virus type and between children and adults, suggesting different patterns of responses along the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Guillien
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team in Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Katarzyna Niespodziana
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Mauclin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team in Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Boudier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team in Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Raphäelle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Orianne Dumas
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Nicole Le Moual
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Thomas Schlederer
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maja Bajic
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems, Austria
| | - Kristina Borochova
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Errhalt
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems, Austria
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital, Krems, Austria
| | - Raphaël Vernet
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS 1124, Group of Genomic Epidemiology of Multifactorial Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Nadif
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Equipe d’Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bouzigon
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS 1124, Group of Genomic Epidemiology of Multifactorial Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems, Austria
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team in Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Zhou X, Jiang M, Wang F, Qian Y, Song Q, Sun Y, Zhu R, Wang F, Qu D, Cao L, Ma L, Xu Y, De R, Zhao L. Immune escaping of the novel genotypes of human respiratory syncytial virus based on gene sequence variation. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1084139. [PMID: 36703972 PMCID: PMC9871593 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1084139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Immune escaping from host herd immunity has been related to changes in viral genomic sequences. The study aimed to understand the diverse immune responses to different subtypes or genotypes of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in pediatric patients. Methods The genomic sequences of different subtypes or RSV genotypes, isolated from Beijing patients, were sequenced and systematically analyzed. Specifically, the antiviral effects of Palivizumab and the cross-reactivity of human sera from RSV-positive patients to different subtypes or genotypes of RSV were determined. Then, the level of 38 cytokines and chemokines in respiratory and serum samples from RSV-positive patients was evaluated. Results The highest nucleotide and amino acid variations and the secondary and tertiary structure diversities among different subtypes or genotypes of RSV were found in G, especially for genotype ON1 with a 72bp-insertion compared to NA1 in subtype A, while more mutations of F protein were found in the NH-2 terminal, including the antigenic site II, the target of Palivizumab, containing one change N276S. Palivizumab inhibited subtype A with higher efficiency than subtype B and had stronger inhibitory effects on the reference strains than on isolated strains. However, RSV-positive sera had stronger inhibitory effects on the strains in the same subtypes or genotypes of RSV. The level of IFN-α2, IL-1α, and IL-1β in respiratory specimens from patients with NA1 was lower than those with ON1, while there were higher TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1α, and IL-1β in the first serum samples from patients with ON1 compared to those with BA9 of subtype B. Conclusions Diverse host immune responses were correlated with differential subtypes and genotypes of RSV in pediatric patients, demonstrating the impact of viral genetics on host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Zhou
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Mingli Jiang
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjie Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qinwei Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Runan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Respiratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanpeng Xu
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ri De
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Linqing Zhao, ; Ri De,
| | - Linqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Linqing Zhao, ; Ri De,
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Microarray-Based Analyses of Rhinovirus Species-Specific Antibody Responses in Exacerbated Pediatric Asthma in a German Pediatric Cohort. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091857. [PMID: 36146664 PMCID: PMC9502376 DOI: 10.3390/v14091857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhinoviruses (RV) account for a significant number of asthma exacerbations, and RV species C may be associated with a severe course in vulnerable patient groups. Despite important evidence on the role of RV reported by clinicians and life scientists, there are still unanswered questions regarding their influence on asthma exacerbation in young patients. Thus, we measured the RVspecies-specific IgG titers in our German pediatric exacerbation cohort using a microarray-based technology. For this approach, human sera of patients with exacerbated asthma and wheeze, as well as healthy control subjects (n = 136) were included, and correlation analyses were performed. Concordantly with previously published results, we observed significantly higher cumulative levels of RV species A-specific IgG (p = 0.011) and RV-C-specific IgG (p = 0.051) in exacerbated asthma group compared to age-matched controls. Moreover, atopic wheezers had increased RV-specific IgG levels for species A (p = 0.0011) and species C (p = 0.0009) compared to non-atopic wheezers. Hypothesizing that bacterial infection positively correlates with immune memory against RV, we included nasopharyngeal swab results in our analyses and detected limited correlations. Interestingly, the eosinophil blood titer positively correlated with RV-specific IgG levels. With these observations, we add important observations to the existing data regarding exacerbation in pediatric and adolescent medicine. We propose that scientists and clinicians should pay more attention to the relevance of RV species in susceptible pediatric patients.
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Gattinger P, Niespodziana K, Stiasny K, Sahanic S, Tulaeva I, Borochova K, Dorofeeva Y, Schlederer T, Sonnweber T, Hofer G, Kiss R, Kratzer B, Trapin D, Tauber PA, Rottal A, Körmöczi U, Feichter M, Weber M, Focke‐Tejkl M, Löffler‐Ragg J, Mühl B, Kropfmüller A, Keller W, Stolz F, Henning R, Tancevski I, Puchhammer‐Stöckl E, Pickl WF, Valenta R. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 requires antibodies against conformational receptor-binding domain epitopes. Allergy 2022; 77:230-242. [PMID: 34453317 PMCID: PMC8653362 DOI: 10.1111/all.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The determinants of successful humoral immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are of critical importance for the design of effective vaccines and the evaluation of the degree of protective immunity conferred by exposure to the virus. As novel variants emerge, understanding their likelihood of suppression by population antibody repertoires has become increasingly important. Methods In this study, we analyzed the SARS‐CoV‐2 polyclonal antibody response in a large population of clinically well‐characterized patients after mild and severe COVID‐19 using a panel of microarrayed structurally folded and unfolded SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins, as well as sequential peptides, spanning the surface spike protein (S) and the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the virus. Results S‐ and RBD‐specific antibody responses were dominated by immunoglobulin G (IgG), mainly IgG1, and directed against structurally folded S and RBD and three distinct peptide epitopes in S2. The virus neutralization activity of patients´ sera was highly correlated with IgG antibodies specific for conformational but not sequential RBD epitopes and their ability to prevent RBD binding to its human receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Twenty percent of patients selectively lacked RBD‐specific IgG. Only immunization with folded, but not with unfolded RBD, induced antibodies against conformational epitopes with high virus‐neutralizing activity. Conformational RBD epitopes required for protection do not seem to be altered in the currently emerging virus variants. Conclusion These results are fundamental for estimating the protective activity of antibody responses after natural infection or vaccination and for the design of vaccines, which can induce high levels of SARS‐CoV‐2–neutralizing antibodies conferring sterilizing immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Gattinger
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Katarzyna Niespodziana
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Inna Tulaeva
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Laboratory for Immunopathology Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Kristina Borochova
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Yulia Dorofeeva
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Schlederer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Gerhard Hofer
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry University of Stockholm Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Bernhard Kratzer
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Doris Trapin
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Peter A. Tauber
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Arno Rottal
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ulrike Körmöczi
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Melanie Feichter
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Milena Weber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
| | - Judith Löffler‐Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Anna Kropfmüller
- Österreichische Gesundheitskasse Klinikum Peterhof Baden Austria
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz University of Graz Graz Austria
| | | | | | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Winfried F. Pickl
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Laboratory for Immunopathology Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology, FMBA Moscow Russia
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Borochova K, Niespodziana K, Focke-Tejkl M, Hofer G, Keller W, Valenta R. Dissociation of the respiratory syncytial virus F protein-specific human IgG, IgA and IgM response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3551. [PMID: 33574352 PMCID: PMC7878790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most important causes of severe respiratory tract infections in early childhood. The only prophylactic protection is the neutralizing antibody, palivizumab, which targets a conformational epitope of the RSV fusion (F) protein. The F protein is generated as a F0 precursor containing two furin cleavage sites allowing excision of the P27 fragment and then gives rise to a fusion-competent version consisting of the N-terminal F2 subunit and the a C-terminal F1 subunits linked by two disulphide bonds. To investigate natural human F-specific antibody responses, F2 conferring the species-specificity of RSV, was expressed in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the F0 protein, comprising both subunits F2 and F1, was expressed as palivizumab-reactive glycoprotein in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Six overlapping F2-derived peptides lacking secondary structure were synthesized. The analysis of IgG, IgA and IgM responses of adult subjects to native versions and denatured forms of F2 and F0 and to unfolded F2-derived peptides revealed that mainly non-conformational F epitopes, some of which represented cryptic epitopes which are not exposed on the proteins were recognized. Furthermore, we found a dissociation of IgG, IgA and IgM antibody responses to F epitopes with F2 being a major target for the F-specific IgM response. The scattered and dissociated immune response to F may explain why the natural RSV-specific antibody response is only partially protective underlining the need for vaccines focusing human antibody responses towards neutralizing RSV epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Borochova
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Niespodziana
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hofer
- grid.5110.50000000121539003Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Keller
- grid.5110.50000000121539003Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ,grid.465277.5NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia ,grid.459693.4Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
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