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Liu Q, Shang Y, Shen L, Yu X, Cao Y, Zeng L, Zhang H, Rao Z, Li Y, Tao Z, Liu Z, Huang X. Outer membrane vesicles from genetically engineered Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium presenting Helicobacter pylori antigens UreB and CagA induce protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in mice. Virulence 2024; 15:2367783. [PMID: 38937901 PMCID: PMC11216100 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2367783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes globally prevalent infections that are highly related to chronic gastritis and even development of gastric carcinomas. With the increase of antibiotic resistance, scientists have begun to search for better vaccine design strategies to eradicate H. pylori colonization. However, while current strategies prefer to formulate vaccines with a single H. pylori antigen, their potential has not yet been fully realized. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are a potential platform since they could deliver multiple antigens. In this study, we engineered three crucial H. pylori antigen proteins (UreB, CagA, and VacA) onto the surface of OMVs derived from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) mutant strains using the hemoglobin protease (Hbp) autotransporter system. In various knockout strategies, we found that OMVs isolated from the ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutants could cause distinct increases in immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) levels and effectively trigger T helper 1- and 17-biased cellular immune responses, which perform a vital role in protecting against H. pylori. Next, OMVs derived from ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutants were used as a vector to deliver different combinations of H. pylori antigens. The antibody and cytokine levels and challenge experiments in mice model indicated that co-delivering UreB and CagA could protect against H. pylori and antigen-specific T cell responses. In summary, OMVs derived from the S. Typhimurium ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutant strain as the vector while importing H. pylori UreB and CagA as antigenic proteins using the Hbp autotransporter system would greatly benefit controlling H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Yinpan Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Lu Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Yanli Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Hanchi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zirong Rao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziwei Tao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Zhili Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaotian Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
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2
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Cong Z, Li Y, Xie L, Chen Q, Tang M, Thongpon P, Jiao Y, Wu S. Engineered Microrobots for Targeted Delivery of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) in Thrombus Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400847. [PMID: 38801399 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of thrombosis treatment, bioengineered outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) offer a novel and promising approach, as they have rich content of bacterial-derived components. This study centers on OMVs derived from Escherichia coli BL21 cells, innovatively engineered to encapsulate the staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein (SFH). SFH synergizes the properties of staphylokinase (SAK) and hirudin (HV) to enhance thrombolytic efficiency while reducing the risks associated with re-embolization and bleeding. Building on this foundation, this study introduces two cutting-edge microrobotic platforms: SFH-OMV@H for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment, and SFH-OMV@MΦ, designed specifically for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) therapy. These platforms have demonstrated significant efficacy in dissolving thrombi, with SFH-OMV@H showcasing precise vascular navigation and SFH-OMV@MΦ effectively targeting cerebral thrombi. The study shows that the integration of these bioengineered OMVs and microrobotic systems marks a significant advancement in thrombosis treatment, underlining their potential to revolutionize personalized medical approaches to complex health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Cong
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, 95817, USA
| | - Yangyang Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Leiming Xie
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Menghuan Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, 95817, USA
| | - Phonpilas Thongpon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, 95817, USA
| | - Yanxiao Jiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, 95817, USA
| | - Song Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, P. R. China
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3
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Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
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Liu J, Yuan S, Bremmer A, Hu Q. Convergence of Nanotechnology and Bacteriotherapy for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309295. [PMID: 38358998 PMCID: PMC11040386 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria have distinctive properties that make them ideal for biomedical applications. They can self-propel, sense their surroundings, and be externally detected. Using bacteria as medical therapeutic agents or delivery platforms opens new possibilities for advanced diagnosis and therapies. Nano-drug delivery platforms have numerous advantages over traditional ones, such as high loading capacity, controlled drug release, and adaptable functionalities. Combining bacteria and nanotechnologies to create therapeutic agents or delivery platforms has gained increasing attention in recent years and shows promise for improved diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this review, design principles of integrating nanoparticles with bacteria, bacteria-derived nano-sized vesicles, and their applications and future in advanced diagnosis and therapeutics are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
| | - Sichen Yuan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
| | - Alexa Bremmer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison (UW‐Madison)MadisonWI53705USA
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5
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Lei EK, Azmat A, Henry KA, Hussack G. Outer membrane vesicles as a platform for the discovery of antibodies to bacterial pathogens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:232. [PMID: 38396192 PMCID: PMC10891261 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized spheroidal particles shed by gram-negative bacteria that contain biomolecules derived from the periplasmic space, the bacterial outer membrane, and possibly other compartments. OMVs can be purified from bacterial culture supernatants, and by genetically manipulating the bacterial cells that produce them, they can be engineered to harbor cargoes and/or display molecules of interest on their surfaces including antigens that are immunogenic in mammals. Since OMV bilayer-embedded components presumably maintain their native structures, OMVs may represent highly useful tools for generating antibodies to bacterial outer membrane targets. OMVs have historically been utilized as vaccines or vaccine constituents. Antibodies that target bacterial surfaces are increasingly being explored as antimicrobial agents either in unmodified form or as targeting moieties for bactericidal compounds. Here, we review the properties of OMVs, their use as immunogens, and their ability to elicit antibody responses against bacterial antigens. We highlight antigens from bacterial pathogens that have been successfully targeted using antibodies derived from OMV-based immunization and describe opportunities and limitations for OMVs as a platform for antimicrobial antibody development. KEY POINTS: • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of gram-negative bacteria bear cell-surface molecules • OMV immunization allows rapid antibody (Ab) isolation to bacterial membrane targets • Review and analysis of OMV-based immunogens for antimicrobial Ab development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K Lei
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aruba Azmat
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin A Henry
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Greg Hussack
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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6
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Allemailem KS. Recent Advances in Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance and Novel Approaches of CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genome-Editing to Combat This Health Emergency. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1125-1143. [PMID: 38344439 PMCID: PMC10859101 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s453566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of multidrug resistance (MDR), due to abusive use of antibiotics has led to global health emergency, causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Bacteria attain MDR by different means such as antibiotic modification/degradation, target protection/modification/bypass, and enhanced efflux mechanisms. The classical approaches of counteracting MDR bacteria are expensive and time-consuming, thus, it is highly significant to understand the molecular mechanisms of this resistance to curb the problem from core level. The revolutionary approach of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated sequence 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), considered as a next-generation genome-editing tool presents an innovative opportunity to precisely target and edit bacterial genome to alter their MDR strategy. Different bacteria possessing antibiotic resistance genes such as mecA, ermB, ramR, tetA, mqrB and blaKPC that have been targeted by CRISPR/Cas9 to re-sensitize these pathogens against antibiotics, such as methicillin, erythromycin, tigecycline, colistin and carbapenem, respectively. The CRISPR/Cas9 from S. pyogenes is the most widely studied genome-editing tool, consisting of a Cas9 DNA endonuclease associated with tracrRNA and crRNA, which can be systematically coupled as sgRNA. The targeting strategies of CRISPR/Cas9 to bacterial cells is mediated through phage, plasmids, vesicles and nanoparticles. However, the targeting approaches of this genome-editing tool to specific bacteria is a challenging task and still remains at a very preliminary stage due to numerous obstacles awaiting to be solved. This review elaborates some recent updates about the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and the innovative role of CRISPR/Cas9 system in modulating these resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, the delivery approaches of this genome-editing system in bacterial cells are discussed. In addition, some challenges and future prospects are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah51452, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spontaneously released by many gram-negative bacteria during their growth and constitute an important virulence factor for bacteria, helping them to survive through harsh environmental conditions. Native OMVs, naturally-released from bacteria, are produced at a level too low for vaccine manufacturing, requiring chemical treatment (detergent-extracted) or genetic manipulation, resulting in generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMAs). Over the years, the nature and properties of OMVs have made them a viable platform for vaccine development. There are a few licensed OMV vaccines mainly for the prevention of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). There are several candidates in clinical development against other gram-negative organisms from which the OMVs are derived, but also against heterologous targets in which the OMVs are used as carriers (e.g. coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The use of OMVs for targets other than those from which they are derived is a major advancement in OMV technology, improving its versatility by being able to deliver protein or polysaccharide antigens. Other advances include the range of genetic modifications that can be made to improve their safety, reduce reactogenicity, and increase immunogenicity and protective efficacy. However, significant challenges remain, such as identification of general tools for high-content surface expression of heterologous proteins on the OMV surface. Here, we outline the progress of OMV vaccines to date, particularly discussing licensed OMV-based vaccines and candidates in clinical development. Recent trends in preclinical research are described, mainly focused on genetic manipulation and chemical conjugation for the use of OMVs as carriers for heterologous protein and polysaccharide antigens. Remaining challenges with the use of OMVs and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Micoli
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy.
| | | | - Usman Nakakana
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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8
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Croia L, Boscato Sopetto G, Zanella I, Caproni E, Gagliardi A, Tamburini S, König E, Benedet M, Di Lascio G, Corbellari R, Grandi A, Tomasi M, Grandi G. Immunogenicity of Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Vesicles: Elucidation of Humoral Responses against OMV-Associated Antigens. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:882. [PMID: 37999368 PMCID: PMC10673343 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by Gram-negative bacteria have emerged as a novel and flexible vaccine platform. OMVs can be decorated with foreign antigens and carry potent immunostimulatory components. Therefore, after their purification from the culture supernatant, they are ready to be formulated for vaccine use. It has been extensively demonstrated that immunization with engineered OMVs can elicit excellent antibody responses against the heterologous antigens. However, the definition of the conditions necessary to reach the optimal antibody titers still needs to be investigated. Here, we defined the protein concentrations required to induce antigen-specific antibodies, and the amount of antigen and OMVs necessary and sufficient to elicit saturating levels of antigen-specific antibodies. Since not all antigens can be expressed in OMVs, we also investigated the effectiveness of vaccines in which OMVs and purified antigens are mixed together without using any procedure for their physical association. Our data show that in most of the cases OMV-antigen mixtures are very effective in eliciting antigen-specific antibodies. This is probably due to the capacity of OMVs to "absorb" antigens, establishing sufficiently stable interactions that allow antigen-OMV co-presentation to the same antigen presenting cell. In those cases when antigen-OMV interaction is not sufficiently stable, the addition of alum to the formulation guarantees the elicitation of high titers of antigen-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Croia
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Giulia Boscato Sopetto
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Ilaria Zanella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Elena Caproni
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Assunta Gagliardi
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Tamburini
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrico König
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Mattia Benedet
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Gabriele Di Lascio
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Riccardo Corbellari
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Alberto Grandi
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (A.G.)
- BiOMViS Srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Guido Grandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (L.C.); (G.B.S.); (I.Z.); (E.K.); (R.C.); (M.T.)
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9
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Szöllősi D, Hajdrik P, Tordai H, Horváth I, Veres DS, Gillich B, Shailaja KD, Smeller L, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Mihály J, Gaál A, Jezsó B, Barátki B, Kövesdi D, Bősze S, Szabó I, Felföldi T, Oszwald E, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás BZ, Hamdani N, Máthé D, Varga Z, Szigeti K. Molecular imaging of bacterial outer membrane vesicles based on bacterial surface display. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18752. [PMID: 37907509 PMCID: PMC10618197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The important roles of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in various diseases and their emergence as a promising platform for vaccine development and targeted drug delivery necessitates the development of imaging techniques suitable for quantifying their biodistribution with high precision. To address this requirement, we aimed to develop an OMV specific radiolabeling technique for positron emission tomography (PET). A novel bacterial strain (E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnlpI, ΔlpxM) was created for efficient OMV production, and OMVs were characterized using various methods. SpyCatcher was anchored to the OMV outer membrane using autotransporter-based surface display systems. Synthetic SpyTag-NODAGA conjugates were tested for OMV surface binding and 64Cu labeling efficiency. The final labeling protocol shows a radiochemical purity of 100% with a ~ 29% radiolabeling efficiency and excellent serum stability. The in vivo biodistribution of OMVs labeled with 64Cu was determined in mice using PET/MRI imaging which revealed that the biodistribution of radiolabeled OMVs in mice is characteristic of previously reported data with the highest organ uptakes corresponding to the liver and spleen 3, 6, and 12 h following intravenous administration. This novel method can serve as a basis for a general OMV radiolabeling scheme and could be used in vaccine- and drug-carrier development based on bioengineered OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Polett Hajdrik
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Tordai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Dániel S Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Gillich
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Kanni Das Shailaja
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - László Smeller
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Mihály
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Anikó Gaál
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology and Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Balázs Barátki
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, 29 Karolina Road, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Oszwald
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, 58 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Zoltán Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Budapest, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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10
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Firth J, Sun J, George V, Huang JD, Bajaj-Elliott M, Gustafsson K. Bacterial outer-membrane vesicles promote Vγ9Vδ2 T cell oncolytic activity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198996. [PMID: 37529036 PMCID: PMC10388717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests the immune activation elicited by bacterial outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) can initiate a potent anti-tumor immunity, facilitating the recognition and destruction of malignant cells. At present the pathways underlying this response remain poorly understood, though a role for innate-like cells such as γδ T cells has been suggested. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were co-cultured with E. coli MG1655 Δpal ΔlpxM OMVs and corresponding immune activation studied by cell marker expression and cytokine production. OMV-activated γδ T cells were co-cultured with cancer cell lines to determine cytotoxicity. Results The vesicles induced a broad inflammatory response with γδ T cells observed as the predominant cell type to proliferate post-OMV challenge. Notably, the majority of γδ T cells were of the Vγ9Vδ2 type, known to respond to both bacterial metabolites and stress markers present on tumor cells. We observed robust cytolytic activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells against both breast and leukaemia cell lines (SkBr3 and Nalm6 respectively) after OMV-mediated expansion. Conclusions Our findings identify for the first time, that OMV-challenge stimulates the expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells which subsequently present anti-tumor capabilities. We propose that OMV-mediated immune activation leverages the anti-microbial/anti-tumor capacity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, an axis amenable for improved future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Firth
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Vaques George
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mona Bajaj-Elliott
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenth Gustafsson
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Yan X, Liu X, Zhao C, Chen GQ. Applications of synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:199. [PMID: 37169742 PMCID: PMC10173249 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology aims to design or assemble existing bioparts or bio-components for useful bioproperties. During the past decades, progresses have been made to build delicate biocircuits, standardized biological building blocks and to develop various genomic/metabolic engineering tools and approaches. Medical and pharmaceutical demands have also pushed the development of synthetic biology, including integration of heterologous pathways into designer cells to efficiently produce medical agents, enhanced yields of natural products in cell growth media to equal or higher than that of the extracts from plants or fungi, constructions of novel genetic circuits for tumor targeting, controllable releases of therapeutic agents in response to specific biomarkers to fight diseases such as diabetes and cancers. Besides, new strategies are developed to treat complex immune diseases, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders that are hard to cure via traditional approaches. In general, synthetic biology brings new capabilities to medical and pharmaceutical researches. This review summarizes the timeline of synthetic biology developments, the past and present of synthetic biology for microbial productions of pharmaceutics, engineered cells equipped with synthetic DNA circuits for diagnosis and therapies, live and auto-assemblied biomaterials for medical treatments, cell-free synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields, and DNA engineering approaches with potentials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- PhaBuilder Biotech Co. Ltd., Shunyi District, Zhaoquan Ying, 101309, Beijing, China
| | - Cuihuan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- MOE Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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12
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Viviani V, Fantoni A, Tomei S, Marchi S, Luzzi E, Bodini M, Muzzi A, Giuliani MM, Maione D, Derrick JP, Delany I, Pizza M, Biolchi A, Bartolini E. OpcA and PorB are novel bactericidal antigens of the 4CMenB vaccine in mice and humans. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:54. [PMID: 37045859 PMCID: PMC10097807 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of Neisseria meningitidis Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) to induce protective responses in humans is well established and mainly attributed to Porin A (PorA). However, the contribution of additional protein antigens to protection remains to be elucidated. In this study we dissected the immunogenicity of antigens originating from the OMV component of the 4CMenB vaccine in mice and humans. We collected functional data on a panel of strains for which bactericidal responses to 4CMenB in infants was attributable to the OMV component and evaluated the role of 30 OMV-specific protein antigens in cross-coverage. By using tailor-made protein microarrays, the immunosignature of OMV antigens was determined. Three of these proteins, OpcA, NspA, and PorB, triggered mouse antibodies that were bactericidal against several N. meningitidis strains. Finally, by genetic deletion and/or serum depletion studies, we demonstrated the ability of OpcA and PorB to induce functional immune responses in infant sera after vaccination. In conclusion, while confirming the role of PorA in eliciting protective immunity, we identified two OMV antigens playing a key role in protection of infants vaccinated with the 4CMenB vaccine against different N. meningitidis serogroup B strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Viviani
- GSK, Siena, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeremy P Derrick
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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13
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Li Q, Zhou G, Fei X, Tian Y, Wang S, Shi H. Engineered Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles with Lipidated Heterologous Antigen as an Adjuvant-Free Vaccine Platform for Streptococcus suis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0204722. [PMID: 36809058 PMCID: PMC10057044 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02047-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are considered a promising vaccine platform for their high built-in adjuvanticity and ability to efficiently induce immune responses. OMVs can be engineered with heterologous antigens based on genetic engineering strategies. However, several critical issues should still be validated, including optimal exposure to the OMV surface, increased production of foreign antigens, nontoxicity, and induction of powerful immune protection. In this study, engineered OMVs with the lipoprotein transport machinery (Lpp) were designed to present SaoA antigen as a vaccine platform against Streptococcus suis. The results suggest that Lpp-SaoA fusions can be delivered on the OMV surface and do not have significant toxicity. Moreover, they can be engineered as lipoprotein and significantly accumulated in OMVs at high levels, thus accounting for nearly 10% of total OMV proteins. Immunization with OMVs containing Lpp-SaoA fusion antigen induced strong specific antibody responses and high levels of cytokines, as well as a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response. Furthermore, the decorated OMV vaccination significantly enhanced microbial clearance in a mouse infection model. It was found that antiserum against lipidated OMVs significantly promoted the opsonophagocytic uptake of S. suis in RAW246.7 macrophages. Lastly, OMVs engineered with Lpp-SaoA induced 100% protection against a challenge with 8× the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of S. suis serotype 2 and 80% protection against a challenge with 16× the LD50 in mice. Altogether, the results of this study provide a promising versatile strategy for the engineering of OMVs and suggest that Lpp-based OMVs may be a universal adjuvant-free vaccine platform for important pathogens. IMPORTANCE Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have become a promising vaccine platform due to their excellent built-in adjuvanticity properties. However, the location and amount of the expression of the heterologous antigen in the OMVs delivered by the genetic engineering strategies should be optimized. In this study, we exploited the lipoprotein transport pathway to engineer OMVs with heterologous antigen. Not only did lapidated heterologous antigen accumulate in the engineered OMV compartment at high levels, but also it was engineered to be delivered on the OMV surface, thus leading to the optimal activation of antigen-specific B cells and T cells. Immunization with engineered OMVs induced a strong antigen-specific antibodies in mice and conferred 100% protection against S. suis challenge. In general, the data of this study provide a versatile strategy for the engineering of OMVs and suggest that OMVs engineered with lipidated heterologous antigens may be a vaccine platform for significant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Fei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichen Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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A modular vaccine platform enabled by decoration of bacterial outer membrane vesicles with biotinylated antigens. Nat Commun 2023; 14:464. [PMID: 36709333 PMCID: PMC9883832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria are a promising technology for the creation of non-infectious, nanoparticle vaccines against diverse pathogens. However, antigen display on OMVs can be difficult to control and highly variable due to bottlenecks in protein expression and localization to the outer membrane of the host cell, especially for bulky and/or complex antigens. Here, we describe a universal approach for avidin-based vaccine antigen crosslinking (AvidVax) whereby biotinylated antigens are linked to the exterior of OMVs whose surfaces are remodeled with multiple copies of a synthetic antigen-binding protein (SNAP) comprised of an outer membrane scaffold protein fused to a biotin-binding protein. We show that SNAP-OMVs can be readily decorated with a molecularly diverse array of biotinylated subunit antigens, including globular and membrane proteins, glycans and glycoconjugates, haptens, lipids, and short peptides. When the resulting OMV formulations are injected in mice, strong antigen-specific antibody responses are observed that depend on the physical coupling between the antigen and SNAP-OMV delivery vehicle. Overall, these results demonstrate AvidVax as a modular platform that enables rapid and simplified assembly of antigen-studded OMVs for application as vaccines against pathogenic threats.
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15
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Sun J, Lin X, He Y, Zhang B, Zhou N, Huang JD. A bacterial outer membrane vesicle-based click vaccine elicits potent immune response against Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1088501. [PMID: 36742310 PMCID: PMC9892643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1088501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus infection is a severe public health concern with the growing number of multidrug-resistant strains. S. aureus can circumvent the defense mechanisms of host immunity with the aid of multiple virulence factors. An efficacious multicomponent vaccine targeting diverse immune evasion strategies developed by S. aureus is thus crucial for its infection control. In this study, we exploited the SpyCatcher-SpyTag system to engineer bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) for the development of a multitargeting S. aureus click vaccine. We decorated OMVs with surface exposed SpyCatcher via a truncated OmpA(a.a 1-155)-SpyCatcher fusion. The engineered OMVs can flexibly bind with various SpyTag-fused S. aureus antigens to generate an OMV-based click vaccine. Compared with antigens mixed with alum adjuvant, the click vaccine simultaneously induced more potent antigen-specific humoral and Th1-based cellular immune response, which afforded protection against S. aureus Newman lethal challenge in a mouse model. Our study provided a flexible and versatile click vaccine strategy with the potential for fighting against emerging S. aureus clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuansheng Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yige He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Wo J, Lv ZY, Sun JN, Tang H, Qi N, Ye BC. Engineering probiotic-derived outer membrane vesicles as functional vaccine carriers to enhance immunity against SARS-CoV-2. iScience 2022; 26:105772. [PMID: 36510593 PMCID: PMC9729586 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, there has been considerable interest in how to display multivalent antigens efficiently. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can serve as an attractive vaccine delivery system because of their self-adjuvant properties and the ability to be decorated with antigens. Here we set up a bivalent antigen display platform based on engineered OMVs using mCherry and GFP and demonstrated that two different antigens of SARS-CoV-2 could be presented simultaneously in the lumen and on the surface of OMVs. Comparing immunogenicity, ClyA-NG06 fusion and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein in the OMV lumen elicited a stronger humoral response in mice than OMVs presenting either the ClyA-NG06 fusion or RBD alone. Taken together, we provided an efficient approach to display SARS-CoV-2 antigens in the lumen and on the surface of the same OMV and highlighted the potential of OMVs as general multi-antigen carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wo
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao-Yong Lv
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Nan Sun
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Qi
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China,Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China,Corresponding author
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17
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Tao S, Chen H, Li N, Liang W. The Application of the CRISPR-Cas System in Antibiotic Resistance. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4155-4168. [PMID: 35942309 PMCID: PMC9356603 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s370869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and global epidemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to global public health in recent years. AMR genes are shared between bacterial pathogens mainly via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) on mobile genetic elements (MGEs), thereby accelerating the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and increasing the burden of drug resistance. There is an urgent need to develop new strategies to control bacterial infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) are an RNA-guided adaptive immune system in prokaryotes that recognizes and defends against invasive genetic elements such as phages and plasmids. Because of its specifically target and cleave DNA sequences encoding antibiotic resistance genes, CRISPR/Cas system has been developed into a new gene-editing tool for the prevention and control of bacterial drug resistance. CRISPR-Cas plays a potentially important role in controlling horizontal gene transfer and limiting the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this review, we will introduce the structure and working mechanism of CRISPR-Cas systems, followed by delivery strategies, and then focus on the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and CRISPR-Cas. Moreover, the challenges and prospects of this research field are discussed, thereby providing a reference for the prevention and control of the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuan Tao
- School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, People’s Republic of China
- Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Chen
- School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liang
- Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222023, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wei Liang, Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, No. 161. Xingfu Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222023, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-51885213100; Tel/Fax +86 15351883016, Email
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18
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Long Q, Zheng P, Zheng X, Li W, Hua L, Yang Z, Huang W, Ma Y. Engineered bacterial membrane vesicles are promising carriers for vaccine design and tumor immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114321. [PMID: 35533789 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as novel and promising platforms for the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against infectious and noninfectious diseases. The rich microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and nanoscale membrane vesicle structure of BMVs make them highly immunogenic. In addition, BMVs can be endowed with more functions via genetic and chemical modifications. This article reviews the immunological characteristics and effects of BMVs, techniques for BMV production and modification, and the applications of BMVs as vaccines or vaccine carriers. In summary, given their versatile characteristics and immunomodulatory properties, BMVs can be used for clinical vaccine or immunotherapy applications.
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19
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Mat Rani NNI, Alzubaidi ZM, Butt AM, Mohammad Faizal NDF, Sekar M, Azhari H, Mohd Amin MCI. Outer membrane vesicles as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1784. [PMID: 35194964 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, nanoparticle-based therapeutic modalities have emerged as promising treatment options for cancer and infectious diseases. To improve prognosis, chemotherapeutic and antimicrobial drugs must be delivered selectively to the target sites. Researchers have increasingly focused their efforts on improving drug delivery, with a particular emphasis on cancer and infectious diseases. When drugs are administered systemically, they become diluted and can diffuse to all tissues but only until the immune system intervenes and quickly removes them from circulation. To enhance and prolong the systemic circulation of drugs, nanocarriers have been explored and used; however, nanocarriers have a major drawback in that they can trigger immune responses. Numerous nanocarriers for optimal drug delivery have been developed using innovative and effective biointerface technologies. Autologous cell-derived drug carriers, such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), have demonstrated improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity. Thus, this study investigates the use of biomimetic OMVs as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers to improve our understanding in the field of nanotechnology. In addition, discussion on the advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects of OMVs will also be explored. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Zahraa M Alzubaidi
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adeel Masood Butt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nur Dini Fatini Mohammad Faizal
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hanisah Azhari
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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20
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Gao J, Su Y, Wang Z. Engineering bacterial membrane nanovesicles for improved therapies in infectious diseases and cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114340. [PMID: 35569561 PMCID: PMC9899072 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Research on bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) is an emerging topic, and the goal is to address whether BMVs can bring translational tools to improve current therapies. In this review, we provided the updated studies on BMVs including their production, their types, and therapeutic regimens for treating infectious diseases and cancers. We described several platforms of BMVs, such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), inner membrane vesicles (IMVs) and double membrane vesicles (DMVs), and those structures were produced from Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. We also discussed how to engineer and formulate new and novel BMVs using chemical, physical, and genetic methods. For therapies, we analyzed current methods for loading drugs in BMVs and discussed their limitations. Finally, we reviewed several therapeutic platforms of BMVs that have been exploited in improving the treatments of infectious diseases and cancers. Although BMVs offer the promising biomedical applications, it is needed to develop rigorous approaches and methods to generate reproducible and scalable drug delivery systems for translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenjia Wang
- Corresponding author at: 205 East Spokane Falls BLVD, Spokane, WA 99202, United States of America. (Z. Wang)
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21
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Tomasi M, Caproni E, Benedet M, Zanella I, Giorgetta S, Dalsass M, König E, Gagliardi A, Fantappiè L, Berti A, Tamburini S, Croia L, Di Lascio G, Bellini E, Valensin S, Licata G, Sebastiani G, Dotta F, Armanini F, Cumbo F, Asnicar F, Blanco-Míguez A, Ruggiero E, Segata N, Grandi G, Grandi A. Outer Membrane Vesicles From The Gut Microbiome Contribute to Tumor Immunity by Eliciting Cross-Reactive T Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:912639. [PMID: 35847919 PMCID: PMC9281500 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.912639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supports the notion that the gut microbiome plays an important role in cancer immunity. However, the underpinning mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. One attractive hypothesis envisages that among the T cells elicited by the plethora of microbiome proteins a few exist that incidentally recognize neo-epitopes arising from cancer mutations (“molecular mimicry (MM)” hypothesis). To support MM, the human probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle was engineered with the SIINFEKL epitope (OVA-E.coli Nissle) and orally administered to C57BL/6 mice. The treatment with OVA-E.coli Nissle, but not with wild type E. coli Nissle, induced OVA-specific CD8+ T cells and inhibited the growth of tumors in mice challenged with B16F10 melanoma cells expressing OVA. The microbiome shotgun sequencing and the sequencing of TCRs from T cells recovered from both lamina propria and tumors provide evidence that the main mechanism of tumor inhibition is mediated by the elicitation at the intestinal site of cross-reacting T cells, which subsequently reach the tumor environment. Importantly, the administration of Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) from engineered E. coli Nissle, as well as from E. coli BL21(DE3)ΔompA, carrying cancer-specific T cell epitopes also elicited epitope-specific T cells in the intestine and inhibited tumor growth. Overall, our data strengthen the important role of MM in tumor immunity and assign a novel function of OMVs in host-pathogen interaction. Moreover, our results pave the way to the exploitation of probiotics and OMVs engineered with tumor specific-antigens as personalized mucosal cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tomasi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Caproni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Benedet
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Giorgetta
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Dalsass
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Enrico König
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Alvise Berti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvia Tamburini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Croia
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Lascio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Giada Licata
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
- Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Armanini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Fabio Cumbo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesco Asnicar
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Aitor Blanco-Míguez
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eliana Ruggiero
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Guido Grandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Guido Grandi, ; Alberto Grandi,
| | - Alberto Grandi
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
- BiOMViS Srl, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Guido Grandi, ; Alberto Grandi,
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22
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Krishnan N, Kubiatowicz LJ, Holay M, Zhou J, Fang RH, Zhang L. Bacterial membrane vesicles for vaccine applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114294. [PMID: 35436569 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines have been highly successful in the management of many diseases. However, there are still numerous illnesses, both infectious and noncommunicable, for which there are no clinically approved vaccine formulations. While there are unique difficulties that must be overcome in the case of each specific disease, there are also a number of common challenges that have to be addressed for effective vaccine development. In recent years, bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have received increased attention as a potent and versatile vaccine platform. BMVs are inherently immunostimulatory and are able to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, BMVs can be readily taken up and processed by immune cells due to their nanoscale size. Finally, BMVs can be modified in a variety of ways, including by genetic engineering, cargo loading, and nanoparticle coating, in order to create multifunctional platforms that can be leveraged against different diseases. Here, an overview of the interactions between BMVs and immune cells is provided, followed by discussion on the applications of BMV vaccine nanotechnology against bacterial infections, viral infections, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishta Krishnan
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Luke J Kubiatowicz
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maya Holay
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jiarong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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23
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Padmakumar A, Koyande NP, Rengan AK. The Role of Hitchhiking in Cancer Therapeutics – A review. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Padmakumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy 502284 India
| | - Navami Prabhakar Koyande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy 502284 India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy 502284 India
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24
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Liu S, Wu X, Chandra S, Lyon C, Ning B, jiang L, Fan J, Hu TY. Extracellular vesicles: Emerging tools as therapeutic agent carriers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3822-3842. [PMID: 36213541 PMCID: PMC9532556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and are present in all biological fluids of vertebrates, where they transfer DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites from donor to recipient cells in cell-to-cell communication. Some EV components can also indicate the type and biological status of their parent cells and serve as diagnostic targets for liquid biopsy. EVs can also natively carry or be modified to contain therapeutic agents (e.g., nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and small molecules) by physical, chemical, or bioengineering strategies. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and stability, EVs are ideal nanocarriers for bioactive ingredients to induce signal transduction, immunoregulation, or other therapeutic effects, which can be targeted to specific cell types. Herein, we review EV classification, intercellular communication, isolation, and characterization strategies as they apply to EV therapeutics. This review focuses on recent advances in EV applications as therapeutic carriers from in vitro research towards in vivo animal models and early clinical applications, using representative examples in the fields of cancer chemotherapeutic drug, cancer vaccine, infectious disease vaccines, regenerative medicine and gene therapy. Finally, we discuss current challenges for EV therapeutics and their future development.
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25
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Domínguez Rubio AP, D'Antoni CL, Piuri M, Pérez OE. Probiotics, Their Extracellular Vesicles and Infectious Diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:864720. [PMID: 35432276 PMCID: PMC9006447 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.864720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to be effective against infectious diseases in clinical trials, with either intestinal or extraintestinal health benefits. Even though probiotic effects are strain-specific, some "widespread effects" include: pathogen inhibition, enhancement of barrier integrity and regulation of immune responses. The mechanisms involved in the health benefits of probiotics are not completely understood, but these effects can be mediated, at least in part, by probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, to date, there are no clinical trials examining probiotic-derived EVs health benefits against infectious diseases. There is still a long way to go to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge about EVs released by probiotic bacteria to understand their possible role in the prevention and/or treatment of infectious diseases. A better understanding of the mechanisms whereby EVs package their cargo and the process involved in communication with host cells (inter-kingdom communication), would allow further advances in this field. In addition, we comment on the potential use and missing knowledge of EVs as therapeutic agents (postbiotics) against infectious diseases. Future research on probiotic-derived EVs is needed to open new avenues for the encapsulation of bioactives inside EVs from GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) bacteria. This could be a scientific novelty with applications in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paula Domínguez Rubio
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia L D'Antoni
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Piuri
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Matinha-Cardoso J, Coutinho F, Lima S, Eufrásio A, Carvalho AP, Oliva-Teles A, Bessa J, Tamagnini P, Serra CR, Oliveira P. Novel protein carrier system based on cyanobacterial nano-sized extracellular vesicles for application in fish. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2191-2207. [PMID: 35419949 PMCID: PMC9328742 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has been one of the fastest‐growing food industry sectors, expanding at the pace of consumers' demands. To promote safe and effective fish growth performance strategies, and to stimulate environmentally friendly solutions to protect fish against disease outbreaks, new approaches are needed to safeguard fish welfare, as well as farmers and consumers interests. Here, we tested the use of cyanobacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a novel nanocarrier system of heterologous proteins for applications in fish. We started by incubating zebrafish larvae with Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 EVs, isolated from selected mutant strains with different cell envelope characteristics. Results show that Synechocystis EVs are biocompatible with fish larvae, regardless of their structural composition, as EVs neither induced fish mortality nor triggered significant inflammatory responses. We establish also that cyanobacteria are amenable to engineering heterologous protein expression and loading into EVs, for which we used the reporter sfGFP. Moreover, upon immersion treatment, we successfully demonstrate that sfGFP‐loaded Synechocystis EVs accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish larvae. This work opens the possibility of using cyanobacterial EVs as a novel biotechnological tool in fish, with prospective applications in carrying proteins/enzymes, for example for modulating their nutritional status or stimulating specific adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Matinha-Cardoso
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Filipe Coutinho
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos, 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Steeve Lima
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,MCbiology Doctoral Program, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Ana Eufrásio
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,MCbiology Doctoral Program, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - António Paulo Carvalho
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos, 4450-208, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos, 4450-208, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José Bessa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Paula Tamagnini
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Serra
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos, 4450-208, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Paulo Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
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27
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Parveen S, Subramanian K. Emerging Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Pneumococcal Infections: Immunomodulators to Potential Novel Vaccine Candidates. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:836070. [PMID: 35237534 PMCID: PMC8882830 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.836070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-positive bacterial pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major global health threat that kills over one million people worldwide. The pneumococcus commonly colonizes the nasopharynx asymptomatically as a commensal, but is also capable of causing a wide range of life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis and septicemia upon migration into the lower respiratory tract and spread to internal organs. Emergence of antibiotic resistant strains and non-vaccine serotypes has led to the classification of pneumococcal bacteria as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization that needs urgent research into bacterial pathogenesis and development of novel vaccine strategies. Extracellular vesicles are spherical membrane bound structures that are released by both pathogen and host cells, and influence bacterial pathogenesis as well as the immune response. Recent studies have found that while bacterial vesicles shuttle virulence factors and toxins into host cells and regulate inflammatory responses, vesicles released from the infected host cells contain both bacterial and host proteins that are antigenic and immunomodulatory. Bacterial membrane vesicles have great potential to be developed as cell-free vaccine candidates in the future due to their immunogenicity and biostability. Host-derived vesicles isolated from patient biofluids such as blood and bronchoalveolar lavage could be used to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers as well as engineered to deliver desired payloads to specific target cells for immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the recent developments on the role of bacterial and host vesicles in pneumococcal infections and future prospects in developing novel therapeutics and diagnostics for control of invasive pneumococcal diseases.
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28
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Huang Y, Nan L, Xiao C, Dong J, Li K, Cheng J, Ji Q, Wei Q, Bao G, Liu Y. Outer Membrane Vesicles Coating Nano-Glycyrrhizic Acid Confers Protection Against Borderella bronchiseptica Through Th1/Th2/Th17 Responses. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:647-663. [PMID: 35177904 PMCID: PMC8846627 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s350846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical nano-sized proteolipids secreted by numerous pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. Due to the immunostimulatory properties and protective efficacy, OMVs have received increasing attention as a candidate for the vaccine to prevent and treat bacterial infections. However, the immune response remains elusive due to the low structural stability and poor size homogeneity of the vesicles. In this study, OMVs were used to coat self-assembled glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (GANs) and obtain a stable OMV vaccine. The immunoprotective effects and anti-infection efficacy were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Methods The OMVs were prepared by ultrafiltration method and fused with GAN through mechanical extrusion. The characteristics, including morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, and stability were evaluated. The in vitro immunological function of GAN-OMV on the macrophages and in vivo immune efficacy and anti-infection effect were examined and compared. Results The results showed that the GAN-OMV were homogenous with a size of 130 nm and a stable core-shell structure. Micropinocytosis-dependent and clathrin-mediated endocytotic pathways effectively internalized the GAN-OMV into the macrophages and promoted cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and M1 polarization. Furthermore, subcutaneous GAN-OMV vaccination contributed to significantly higher Borderella bronchiseptica (Bb)-specific antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation. The splenic lymphocytes of mice immunized with GAN-OMVs displayed a higher ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells and produced significantly higher levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines. GAN-OMV also effectively prevented Bb reinfection. Conclusion In this study, GAN-OMV was developed successfully to stimulate Th1/Th2/Th17 immune responses against Bb and provide a promising strategy for novel vaccine development against the microbial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Nan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenwen Xiao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jvfen Cheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanan Ji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolian Bao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guolian Bao; Yan Liu, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Keshavarz Alikhani H, Shokoohian B, Rezasoltani S, Hossein-Khannazer N, Yadegar A, Hassan M, Vosough M. Application of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as an Innovative Theranostics in Microbial Diseases. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:785856. [PMID: 34917064 PMCID: PMC8669997 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.785856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as nano-/micro-scale vehicles, are membranous particles containing various cargoes including peptides, proteins, different types of RNAs and other nucleic acids, and lipids. These vesicles are produced by all cell types, in which stem cells are a potent source for them. Stem cell-derived EVs could be promising platforms for treatment of infectious diseases and early diagnosis. Infectious diseases are responsible for more than 11 million deaths annually. Highly transmissible nature of some microbes, such as newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), drives researcher's interest to set up different strategies to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Recently, EVs-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been launched and gaining momentum very fast. The efficiency of stem cell-derived EVs on treatment of clinical complications of different viruses and bacteria, such as SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli has been demonstrated. On the other hand, microbial pathogens are able to incorporate their components into their EVs. The microbe-derived EVs have different physiological and pathological impacts on the other organisms. In this review, we briefly discussed biogenesis and the fate of EVs. Then, EV-based therapy was described and recent developments in understanding the potential application of stem cell-derived EVs on pathogenic microorganisms were recapitulated. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which EVs were exploited to fight against infectious diseases were highlighted. Finally, the deriver challenges in translation of stem cell-derived EVs into the clinical arena were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Keshavarz Alikhani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Shokoohian
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sama Rezasoltani
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Sepahdar Z, Miroliaei M, Bouzari S, Khalaj V, Salimi M. Surface Engineering of Escherichia coli-Derived OMVs as Promising Nano-Carriers to Target EGFR-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:719289. [PMID: 34867325 PMCID: PMC8638777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have recently drawn a great deal of attention due to their therapeutic efficiency and ability to target specific cells. In the present study, we sought to probe engineered OMVs as novel and promising carriers to target breast cancer cells. Following the fusion of the affiEGFR-GALA structure to the C-terminal of ClyA as an anchor protein, the ClyA-affiEGFR-GALA construct was successfully expressed on the surface of ∆msbB/∆pagP E. coli W3110-derived OMVs. Morphological features of the engineered and wild-type OMVs were identical. The engineered OMVs induced no endotoxicity, cytotoxicity, or immunogenicity, indicating the safety of their application. These OMVs could specifically bind to EGF receptors of MDA-MB-468 cells expressing high levels of EGFR and not to those with low levels of EGFR (HEK293T cells). Interestingly, despite a lower binding affinity of the engineered OMVs relative to the positive control Cetuximab, it was strong enough to identify these cells. Moreover, confocal microscopy revealed no uptake of the modified OMVs by the EGFR-overexpressing cells in the presence of EGFR competitors. These results suggest that OMVs might internalize into the cells with EGF receptors, as no OMVs entered the cells with any EGFR expression or those pretreated with EGF or Cetuximab. Regarding the EGFR-binding affinity of the engineered OMVs and their cellular uptake, they are presented here as a potential carrier for cell-specific drug delivery to treat a wide variety of cancer cells. Interestingly, the engineered OMVs are capable of reaching the cytoplasm while escaping the endosome due to the incorporation of a fusogenic GALA peptide in the construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sepahdar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Miroliaei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khalaj
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Salimi
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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31
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König E, Gagliardi A, Riedmiller I, Andretta C, Tomasi M, Irene C, Frattini L, Zanella I, Berti F, Grandi A, Caproni E, Fantappiè L, Grandi G. Multi-Antigen Outer Membrane Vesicle Engineering to Develop Polyvalent Vaccines: The Staphylococcus aureus Case. Front Immunol 2021; 12:752168. [PMID: 34819933 PMCID: PMC8606680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of surface antigens and differential expression of virulence factors are frequent strategies pathogens adopt to escape the host immune system. These escape mechanisms make pathogens a "moving target" for our immune system and represent a challenge for the development of vaccines, which require more than one antigen to be efficacious. Therefore, the availability of strategies, which simplify vaccine design, is highly desirable. Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) are a promising vaccine platform for their built-in adjuvanticity, ease of purification and flexibility to be engineered with foreign proteins. However, data on if and how OMVs can be engineered with multiple antigens is limited. In this work, we report a multi-antigen expression strategy based on the co-expression of two chimeras, each constituted by head-to-tail fusions of immunogenic proteins, in the same OMV-producing strain. We tested the strategy to develop a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive human pathogen responsible for a large number of community and hospital-acquired diseases. Here we describe an OMV-based vaccine in which four S. aureus virulent factors, ClfAY338A, LukE, SpAKKAA and HlaH35L have been co-expressed in the same OMVs (CLSH-OMVsΔ60). The vaccine elicited antigen-specific antibodies with functional activity, as judged by their capacity to promote opsonophagocytosis and to inhibit Hla-mediated hemolysis, LukED-mediated leukocyte killing, and ClfA-mediated S. aureus binding to fibrinogen. Mice vaccinated with CLSH-OMVsΔ60 were robustly protected from S. aureus challenge in the skin, sepsis and kidney abscess models. This study not only describes a generalized approach to develop easy-to-produce and inexpensive multi-component vaccines, but also proposes a new tetravalent vaccine candidate ready to move to development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico König
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Ilary Riedmiller
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Andretta
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Carmela Irene
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Frattini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesco Berti
- Technical Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Siena, Italy
| | - Alberto Grandi
- ERC Vaccibiome Unit, Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy.,Infectious Diseases and Cancer Immunotherapy Unit, BiOMViS Srl, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Caproni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Fantappiè
- ERC Vaccibiome Unit, Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Grandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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32
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Di Benedetto R, Alfini R, Carducci M, Aruta MG, Lanzilao L, Acquaviva A, Palmieri E, Giannelli C, Necchi F, Saul A, Micoli F. Novel Simple Conjugation Chemistries for Decoration of GMMA with Heterologous Antigens. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910180. [PMID: 34638530 PMCID: PMC8508390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) constitute a promising platform for the development of efficient vaccines. OMV can be decorated with heterologous antigens (proteins or polysaccharides), becoming attractive novel carriers for the development of multicomponent vaccines. Chemical conjugation represents a tool for linking antigens, also from phylogenetically distant pathogens, to OMV. Here we develop two simple and widely applicable conjugation chemistries targeting proteins or lipopolysaccharides on the surface of Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA), OMV spontaneously released from Gram-negative bacteria mutated to increase vesicle yield and reduce potential reactogenicity. A Design of Experiment approach was used to identify optimal conditions for GMMA activation before conjugation, resulting in consistent processes and ensuring conjugation efficiency. Conjugates produced by both chemistries induced strong humoral response against the heterologous antigen and GMMA. Additionally, the use of the two orthogonal chemistries allowed to control the linkage of two different antigens on the same GMMA particle. This work supports the further advancement of this novel platform with great potential for the design of effective vaccines.
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33
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Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Versatile Tool in Vaccine Research and the Fight against Antimicrobial Resistance. mBio 2021; 12:e0170721. [PMID: 34372691 PMCID: PMC8406158 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01707-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria include a number of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Although antibiotics are still effective in treating a considerable range of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, the alarming increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) induced by excessive use of antibiotics has raised global concerns. Therefore, alternative strategies must be developed to prevent and treat bacterial infections and prevent the advent of a postantibiotic era. Vaccines, one of the greatest achievements in the history of medical science, hold extraordinary potential to prevent bacterial infections and thereby reduce the need for antibiotics. Novel bacterial vaccines are urgently needed, however, and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), naturally produced by Gram-negative bacteria, represent a promising and versatile tool that can be employed as adjuvants, antigens, and delivery platforms in the development of vaccines against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we provide an overview of the many roles OMVs can play in vaccine development and the mechanisms behind these applications. Methods to improve OMV yields and a comparison of different strategies for OMV isolation aiming at cost-effective production of OMV-based vaccines are also reviewed.
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34
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Sartorio MG, Pardue EJ, Feldman MF, Haurat MF. Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles: From Discovery to Applications. Annu Rev Microbiol 2021; 75:609-630. [PMID: 34351789 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-052821-031444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Secretion of cellular components across the plasma membrane is an essential process that enables organisms to interact with their environments. Production of extracellular vesicles in bacteria is a well-documented but poorly understood process. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are produced in gram-negative bacteria by blebbing of the outer membrane. In addition to their roles in pathogenesis, cell-to-cell communication, and stress responses, OMVs play important roles in immunomodulation and the establishment and balance of the gut microbiota. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of OMVs and the current knowledge of OMV biogenesis. We also discuss the growing and promising biotechnological applications of OMV. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 75 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Sartorio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA;
| | - Evan J Pardue
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA;
| | - Mario F Feldman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA;
| | - M Florencia Haurat
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, USA;
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35
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Yang Z, Hua L, Yang M, Liu SQ, Shen J, Li W, Long Q, Bai H, Yang X, Ren Z, Zheng X, Sun W, Ye C, Li D, Zheng P, He J, Chen Y, Huang W, Peng X, Ma Y. RBD-Modified Bacterial Vesicles Elicited Potential Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5920-5930. [PMID: 34279108 PMCID: PMC8315139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection threatens human health. In this study, we used high-pressure homogenization technology not only to efficiently drive the bacterial membrane to produce artificial vesicles but also to force the fusion protein ClyA-receptor binding domain (RBD) to pass through gaps in the bacterial membrane to increase the contact between ClyA-RBD and the membrane. Therefore, the load of ClyA-RBD on the membrane is substantially increased. Using this technology, we constructed a "ring-like" bacterial biomimetic vesicle (BBV) loaded with polymerized RBD (RBD-BBV). RBD-BBVs injected subcutaneously can accumulate in lymph nodes, promote antigen uptake and processing, and elicit SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. In conclusion, we evaluated the potential of this novel bacterial vesicle as a vaccine delivery system and provided a new idea for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqian Yang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Liangqun Hua
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengli Yang
- National
Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of
Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical
Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Shu-Qun Liu
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in
Yunnan & School of Life Sciences, Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianxin Shen
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in
Yunnan & School of Life Sciences, Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaoling Ren
- The
Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming
Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Duo Li
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Department
of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Kunming
Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- National
Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of
Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical
Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular
Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical
Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking
Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
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36
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Neisseria meningitidis Factor H Binding Protein Surface Exposure on Salmonella Typhimurium GMMA Is Critical to Induce an Effective Immune Response against Both Diseases. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060726. [PMID: 34207575 PMCID: PMC8229706 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GMMA, outer membrane vesicles resulting from hyperblebbing mutated bacterial strains, are a versatile vaccine platform for displaying both homologous and heterologous antigens. Periplasmic expression is a popular technique for protein expression in the lumen of the blebs. However, the ability of internalized antigens to induce antibody responses has not been extensively investigated. Herein, the Neisseria meningitidis factor H binding protein (fHbp) was heterologously expressed in the lumen of O-antigen positive (OAg+) and O-antigen negative (OAg−) Salmonella Typhimurium GMMA. Only the OAg− GMMA induced an anti-fHbp IgG response in mice if formulated on Alum, although it was weak and much lower compared to the recombinant fHbp. The OAg− GMMA on Alum showed partial instability, with possible exposure of fHbp to the immune system. When we chemically conjugated fHbp to the surface of both OAg+ and OAg− GMMA, these constructs induced a stronger functional response compared to the fHbp immunization alone. Moreover, the OAg+ GMMA construct elicited a strong response against both the target antigens (fHbp and OAg), with no immune interference observed. This result suggests that antigen localization on GMMA surface can play a critical role in the induction of an effective immune response and can encourage the development of GMMA based vaccines delivering key protective antigens on their surface.
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Zingl FG, Leitner DR, Thapa HB, Schild S. Outer membrane vesicles as versatile tools for therapeutic approaches. MICROLIFE 2021; 2:uqab006. [PMID: 37223254 PMCID: PMC10117751 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Budding of the bacterial surface results in the formation and secretion of outer membrane vesicles, which is a conserved phenomenon observed in Gram-negative bacteria. Recent studies highlight that these sphere-shaped facsimiles of the donor bacterium's surface with enclosed periplasmic content may serve multiple purposes for their host bacterium. These include inter- and intraspecies cell-cell communication, effector delivery to target cells and bacterial adaptation strategies. This review provides a concise overview of potential medical applications to exploit outer membrane vesicles for therapeutic approaches. Due to the fact that outer membrane vesicles resemble the surface of their donor cells, they represent interesting nonliving candidates for vaccine development. Furthermore, bacterial donor species can be genetically engineered to display various proteins and glycans of interest on the outer membrane vesicle surface or in their lumen. Outer membrane vesicles also possess valuable bioreactor features as they have the natural capacity to protect, stabilize and enhance the activity of luminal enzymes. Along these features, outer membrane vesicles not only might be suitable for biotechnological applications but may also enable cell-specific delivery of designed therapeutics as they are efficiently internalized by nonprofessional phagocytes. Finally, outer membrane vesicles are potent modulators of our immune system with pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. A deeper understanding of immunoregulatory effects provoked by different outer membrane vesicles is the basis for their possible future applications ranging from inflammation and immune response modulation to anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz G Zingl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah R Leitner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Himadri B Thapa
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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38
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A natural symbiotic bacterium drives mosquito refractoriness to Plasmodium infection via secretion of an antimalarial lipase. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:806-817. [PMID: 33958765 PMCID: PMC9793891 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The stalling global progress in the fight against malaria prompts the urgent need to develop new intervention strategies. Whilst engineered symbiotic bacteria have been shown to confer mosquito resistance to parasite infection, a major challenge for field implementation is to address regulatory concerns. Here, we report the identification of a Plasmodium-blocking symbiotic bacterium, Serratia ureilytica Su_YN1, isolated from the midgut of wild Anopheles sinensis in China that inhibits malaria parasites via secretion of an antimalarial lipase. Analysis of Plasmodium vivax epidemic data indicates that local malaria cases in Tengchong (Yunnan province, China) are significantly lower than imported cases and importantly, that the local vector A. sinensis is more resistant to infection by P. vivax than A. sinensis from other regions. Analysis of the gut symbiotic bacteria of mosquitoes from Yunnan province led to the identification of S. ureilytica Su_YN1. This bacterium renders mosquitoes resistant to infection by the human parasite Plasmodium falciparum or the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei via secretion of a lipase that selectively kills parasites at various stages. Importantly, Su_YN1 rapidly disseminates through mosquito populations by vertical and horizontal transmission, providing a potential tool for blocking malaria transmission in the field.
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39
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Mehanny M, Lehr CM, Fuhrmann G. Extracellular vesicles as antigen carriers for novel vaccination avenues. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:164-180. [PMID: 33775707 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antigen delivery has always been a challenge in scientific practice of vaccine formulation. Yet, mammalian extracellular vesicles (EVs) or bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) provide an innovative avenue for safe and effective delivery of antigenic material. They include intrinsically loaded antigens from EV-secreting cells or extrinsically loaded antigens onto pre-formed vesicles. Interestingly, many studies shed light on potential novel anti-cancer vaccination immunotherapy for therapeutic applications from mammalian cell host-derived EVs, as well as conventional vaccination for prophylactic applications using bacterial cell-derived MVs against infectious diseases. Here, we discuss the rationale, status quo and potential for both vaccine applications using EVs.
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40
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Abstract
The natural world has provided a host of materials and inspiration for the field of nanomedicine. By taking design cues from naturally occurring systems, the nanoengineering of advanced biomimetic platforms has significantly accelerated over the past decade. In particular, the biomimicry of bacteria, with their motility, taxis, immunomodulation, and overall dynamic host interactions, has elicited substantial interest and opened up exciting avenues of research. More recently, advancements in genetic engineering have given way to more complex and elegant systems with tunable control characteristics. Furthermore, bacterial derivatives such as membrane ghosts, extracellular vesicles, spores, and toxins have proven advantageous for use in nanotherapeutic applications, as they preserve many of the features from the original bacteria while also offering distinct advantages. Overall, bacteria-inspired nanomedicines can be employed in a range of therapeutic settings, from payload delivery to immunotherapy, and have proven successful in combatting both cancer and infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Holay
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jessica Pihl
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jiyoung Heo
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joon Ho Park
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H. Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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White JR, Dauros-Singorenko P, Hong J, Vanholsbeeck F, Phillips A, Swift S. The complex, bidirectional role of extracellular vesicles in infection. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:881-891. [PMID: 33860784 PMCID: PMC8106493 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cells from all domains of life release extracellular vesicles (EVs), packages that carry a cargo of molecules that participate in communication, co-ordination of population behaviours, virulence and immune response mechanisms. Mammalian EVs play an increasingly recognised role to fight infection, yet may also be commandeered to disseminate pathogens and enhance infection. EVs released by bacterial pathogens may deliver toxins to host cells, signalling molecules and new DNA to other bacteria, and act as decoys, protecting infecting bacteria from immune killing. In this review, we explore the role of EVs in infection from the perspective of both the pathogen and host, and highlight their importance in the host/pathogen relationship. We highlight proposed strategies for EVs in therapeutics, and call attention to areas where existing knowledge and evidence is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Renee White
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, Auckland 1010, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Priscila Dauros-Singorenko
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland, New Zealand
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, 22-30 Park Avenue, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, 22-30 Park Avenue, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Frédérique Vanholsbeeck
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, Auckland 1010, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, 38 Princes Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony Phillips
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, 22-30 Park Avenue, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Swift
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland, New Zealand
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Gan Y, Li C, Peng X, Wu S, Li Y, Tan JPK, Yang YY, Yuan P, Ding X. Fight bacteria with bacteria: Bacterial membrane vesicles as vaccines and delivery nanocarriers against bacterial infections. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 35:102398. [PMID: 33901646 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are particles secreted by bacteria with diameter of 20-400 nm. The pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present on the surface of MVs are capable of activating human immune system, leading to non-specific immune response and specific immune response. Due to the immunostimulatory properties and proteoliposome nanostructures, MVs have been increasingly explored as vaccines or delivery systems for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections. Herein, the recent progresses of MVs for antibacterial applications are reviewed to provide an overview of MVs vaccines and MVs-related delivery systems. In addition, the safety issues of bacterial MVs are discussed to demonstrate their potential for clinical translation. In the end of this review, the challenges of bacterial MVs as vaccines and delivery systems for clinical applications are highlighted with the purpose of predicting future research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Gan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Chengnan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinran Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jeremy P K Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
| | - Peiyan Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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Cheng K, Zhao R, Li Y, Qi Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Qin H, Qin Y, Chen L, Li C, Liang J, Li Y, Xu J, Han X, Anderson GJ, Shi J, Ren L, Zhao X, Nie G. Bioengineered bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles as a versatile antigen display platform for tumor vaccination via Plug-and-Display technology. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2041. [PMID: 33824314 PMCID: PMC8024398 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective tumor vaccine vector that can rapidly display neoantigens is urgently needed. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can strongly activate the innate immune system and are qualified as immunoadjuvants. Here, we describe a versatile OMV-based vaccine platform to elicit a specific anti-tumor immune response via specifically presenting antigens onto OMV surface. We first display tumor antigens on the OMVs surface by fusing with ClyA protein, and then simplify the antigen display process by employing a Plug-and-Display system comprising the tag/catcher protein pairs. OMVs decorated with different protein catchers can simultaneously display multiple, distinct tumor antigens to elicit a synergistic antitumour immune response. In addition, the bioengineered OMVs loaded with different tumor antigens can abrogate lung melanoma metastasis and inhibit subcutaneous colorectal cancer growth. The ability of the bioengineered OMV-based platform to rapidly and simultaneously display antigens may facilitate the development of these agents for personalized tumour vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keman Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ruifang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory J Anderson
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jian Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Vaccination with meningococcal outer membrane vesicles carrying Borrelia OspA protects against experimental Lyme borreliosis. Vaccine 2021; 39:2561-2567. [PMID: 33812741 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently there is no human vaccine against Lyme borreliosis, and most research focuses on recombinant protein vaccines, as such a vaccine has been proven to be successful in the past. The expression of recombinant antigens in meningococcal Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs), with the OMV functioning both as adjuvant and delivery vehicle, greatly enhances their potential. Immunization studies in mice have shown that OMV-based vaccines can protect against various pathogens and an OMV-based meningococcal vaccine is approved and available for human use. Because of its surface localization in Borrelia and the detailed knowledge regarding its immunogenicity and structure, OspA was chosen as a suitable lipoprotein to be tested as an OMV-based vaccine against Lyme borreliosis. We have previously shown that the OMV-OspA vaccine was immunogenic in mice and here we assessed the efficacy of OMV-OspA. We generated a second-generation OMV-OspA vaccine and vaccinated C3H/HeN mice with (EDTA extracted) meningococcal OMVs expressing OspA from B. burgdorferi strain B31. The adjuvant effect of empty OMVs on recombinant OspA was tested as well. We subsequently challenged mice with a subcutaneous injection of B. burgdorferi. Average antibody end-point titers against the OspA-OMV construct were high, although lower compared to the antibodies raised against recombinant OspA. Interestingly, antibody titers between recombinant OspA adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide and recombinant OspA with OMV as adjuvant were comparable. Finally, qPCR and culture data show that both the OspA-OMV and the vaccine based on recombinant OspA with OMV as adjuvant provided significant, yet partial protection, against Borrelia infection. OMV-based vaccines using Borrelia (lipo)proteins are an easy and feasible vaccination method protecting against B. burgdorferi infection and could be a promising strategy in humans.
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45
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Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) Produced by Gram-Negative Bacteria: Structure, Functions, Biogenesis, and Vaccine Application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1490732. [PMID: 33834062 PMCID: PMC8016564 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1490732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with 10 to 300 nm of diameter. The contribution of OMVs to bacterial pathogenesis is a topic of great interest, and their capacity to be combined with antigens impact in the future to the development of vaccines.
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46
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Blackburn SA, Shepherd M, Robinson GK. Reciprocal Packaging of the Main Structural Proteins of Type 1 Fimbriae and Flagella in the Outer Membrane Vesicles of "Wild Type" Escherichia coli Strains. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:557455. [PMID: 33643229 PMCID: PMC7907004 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.557455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental aspects of outer membrane vesicle (OMV) biogenesis and the engineering of producer strains have been major research foci for many in recent years. The focus of this study was OMV production in a variety of Escherichia coli strains including wild type (WT) (K12 and BW25113), mutants (from the Keio collection) and proprietary [BL21 and BL21 (DE3)] strains. The present study investigated the proteome and prospective mechanism that underpinned the key finding that the dominant protein present in E. coli K-12 WT OMVs was fimbrial protein monomer (FimA) (a polymerizable protein which is the key structural monomer from which Type 1 fimbriae are made). However, mutations in genes involved in fimbriae biosynthesis (ΔfimA, B, C, and F) resulted in the packaging of flagella protein monomer (FliC) (the major structural protein of flagella) into OMVs instead of FimA. Other mutations (ΔfimE, G, H, I, and ΔlrhA-a transcriptional regulator of fimbriation and flagella biosynthesis) lead to the packaging of both FimA and Flagellin into the OMVs. In the majority of instances shown within this research, the production of OMVs is considered in K-12 WT strains where structural appendages including fimbriae or flagella are temporally co-expressed throughout the growth curve as shown previously in the literature. The hypothesis, proposed and supported within the present paper, is that the vesicular packaging of the major FimA is reciprocally regulated with the major FliC in E. coli K-12 OMVs but this is abrogated in a range of mutated, non-WT E. coli strains. We also demonstrate, that a protein of interest (GFP) can be targeted to OMVs in an E. coli K-12 strain by protein fusion with FimA and that this causes normal packaging to be disrupted. The findings and underlying implications for host interactions and use in biotechnology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary K. Robinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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47
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Balhuizen MD, Veldhuizen EJA, Haagsman HP. Outer Membrane Vesicle Induction and Isolation for Vaccine Development. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:629090. [PMID: 33613498 PMCID: PMC7889600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.629090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria release vesicular structures from their outer membrane, so called outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs have a variety of functions such as waste disposal, communication, and antigen or toxin delivery. These vesicles are the promising structures for vaccine development since OMVs carry many surface antigens that are identical to the bacterial surface. However, isolation is often difficult and results in low yields. Several methods to enhance OMV yield exist, but these do affect the resulting OMVs. In this review, our current knowledge about OMVs will be presented. Different methods to induce OMVs will be reviewed and their advantages and disadvantages will be discussed. The effects of the induction and isolation methods used in several immunological studies on OMVs will be compared. Finally, the challenges for OMV-based vaccine development will be examined and one example of a successful OMV-based vaccine will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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48
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Thoma J, Burmann BM. Preparation of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles for Characterisation of Periplasmic Proteins in Their Native Environment. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3853. [PMID: 33659500 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally formed by budding from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs consist of a lipid bilayer identical in composition to the original outer membrane and contain periplasmic content within their lumen. Enriched with specific envelope proteins, OMVs make for an excellent native-like platform to study these proteins in-situ using biophysical methods. Here, we describe in detail the preparation of OMVs from Escherichia coli, which are luminally enriched with periplasmic proteins and uniformly labeled with stable isotopes (2H and 15N), suitable for the subsequent characterisation of proteins at atomic resolution in their native environment by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. The ability to perform structural studies of periplasmic components in-situ clears the way to reaching an in-depth understanding of the functional and mechanistic details of this unique cellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Thoma
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn M Burmann
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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49
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Micoli F, MacLennan CA. Outer membrane vesicle vaccines. Semin Immunol 2020; 50:101433. [PMID: 33309166 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) have received increased attention in recent years as a vaccine platform against bacterial pathogens. OMV from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B have been extensively explored. Following the success of the MeNZB OMV vaccine in controlling an outbreak of N. meningitidis B in New Zealand, additional research and development resulted in the licensure of the OMV-containing four-component 4CMenB vaccine, Bexsero. This provided broader protection against multiple meningococcal B strains. Advances in the field of genetic engineering have permitted further improvements in the platform resulting in increased yields, reduced endotoxicity and decoration with homologous and heterologous antigens to enhance immuno genicity and provide broader protection. The OMV vaccine platform has been extended to many other pathogens. In this review, we discuss progress in the development of the OMV vaccine delivery platform, highlighting successful applications, together with potential challenges and gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Calman A MacLennan
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 62 Buckingham Gate, London, United Kingdom; Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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50
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Liu L, Wu J, Gao J, Lu X. Bacteria-Derived Nanoparticles: Multifunctional Containers for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000893. [PMID: 32945152 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, investigations on bacteria-derived materials have progressed from being a proof of concept to a means for improving traditional biomaterials. Owing to their unique characteristics, such as gene manipulation, rapid proliferation, and specific targeting, bacteria-derived materials have provided remarkable flexibility in applied biomedical functionalization. In this review, bacteria-derived nanoparticles are focused on as a promising biomaterial, introducing several bacterial species with great potential and useful strategies for fabrication. Through well-designed choices, bacteria-derived nanoparticles can be exploited to obtain functional bacteria-mimicking materials for a variety of applications, including cargo delivery, imaging, therapy, and immune modulation. Finally, the prospects and challenges of bacteria-derived nanoparticles are discussed. Particularly, safety concerns regarding the use of bacteria and their immunogenicity remain major obstacles to the clinical application of bacteria-derived nanoparticles and these concerns are immediate priorities for the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Hangzhou 310003 P. R. China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Jiahe Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Hangzhou 310003 P. R. China
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